EP1473533A2 - Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge. - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1473533A2
EP1473533A2 EP04009190A EP04009190A EP1473533A2 EP 1473533 A2 EP1473533 A2 EP 1473533A2 EP 04009190 A EP04009190 A EP 04009190A EP 04009190 A EP04009190 A EP 04009190A EP 1473533 A2 EP1473533 A2 EP 1473533A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
belt
mixer
distribution screw
dryer
screw
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EP04009190A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1473533B1 (en
EP1473533A3 (en
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Armin Vonplon
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Priority to PL04009190T priority Critical patent/PL1473533T3/en
Priority to SI200432256T priority patent/SI1473533T1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the continuous drying of Good, especially sewage sludge, with a band, in particular sieve belt on which the estate is promoted. Furthermore, the invention relates to a Process for drying good, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the Good on a tape, especially a wire through a dryer is encouraged.
  • the dryer sometimes has to be shut down once per shift to clean these matrices.
  • a plant of this type is described in WO 92/00250.
  • Such systems are also known from EP 0 781 741 B1 or EP 0 889 014 B1.
  • these systems are very sensitive to changes in the shock properties.
  • the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device with which a uniform distribution of the material to be dried, in particular pasty and / or sticky substances, on the band, in particular the wire belt of a belt dryer is guaranteed.
  • the invention is therefore characterized in that, for applying the goods to the belt, in particular the belt at the inlet, a distribution screw is arranged above the belt, in particular the belt.
  • goods to be dried such as wood chips, biomass, cereals, rejects in paper mills, but also household waste or sewage sludge can distribute relatively evenly over the belt, in particular the belt of the dryer.
  • An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that a calibration roller is arranged above the belt, in particular wire belt, wherein the calibration roller can be made height adjustable. If, in addition, a level sensor is arranged in the area of the distribution screw, an even more uniform distribution for the drying is achieved. It has proven to be advantageous if the calibrating roller rotates counter to the conveying direction of the belt, in particular screen belt, wherein the rotational speed can be greater than the belt speed.
  • the too large amount of material to be dried is conveyed back into the area of the distribution screw, thus achieving even more even distribution.
  • the distribution screw is in communication with a mixer for mixing back mixed material, in particular a partial stream of the dry end product, and fresh material, in particular wet sludge, wherein the mixer Plowshare mixer, twin-shaft mixer or paddle mixer can be.
  • a particularly cost-effective and reliable plant can be set up, in which the discharge quantity of the accept, eg granules automatically regulates.
  • a particularly cost-effective variant of a dryer can be realized if a drying hood is arranged above the belt, in particular the belt, which extends over the entire belt, in particular the belt including the distribution screw, wherein the dryer can have feed lines extending along the two sides of the dryer extend and have openings for the discharge of drying gas.
  • the drying hood can be made in a very lightweight construction and adjusted for optimal sealing against the frame of the dryer.
  • a cost-effective design results from the design of the dryer base or the entire dryer housing in concrete.
  • spray tubes are provided.
  • the invention also relates to a method for drying of good, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the good is conveyed on a belt, in particular a wire belt through a dryer.
  • the material is supplied via a distribution screw, wherein the level is changed by changing the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw, the belt, in particular wire belt accelerates or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw the Belt speed can be reduced until the level has reached the set point again.
  • the material to be dried which consists of fresh material, in particular wet sludge, and remixed material, in particular granules, and the back-mixed material are quantity-controlled withdrawn from a storage container, in particular back-mixed silo is, wherein the excess dried material, in particular granules, can be deducted as accepts from the reservoir.
  • a storage container in particular back-mixed silo is, wherein the excess dried material, in particular granules, can be deducted as accepts from the reservoir.
  • an automatic control of the discharge of the accepts can be achieved particularly reliable.
  • water is sprayed below the belt, in particular wire in the dryer and condenses the vapors resp. be saturated.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a belt dryer according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram of a belt drying system according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal view
  • Fig. 4 is a transverse view of a dryer according to the invention.
  • 1 shows a diagram of a dryer 1 with a belt, in particular a belt 2, in which a material 3 to be dried is applied to the belt, in particular belt 2, via a distribution screw and subsequently homogenized by a calibrating roller 5.
  • the band, in particular sieve belt can consist of plastic or metal mesh.
  • a level sensor 6 which controls the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw, the belt, in particular wire belt accelerates or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw, the belt speed is reduced until the level again has reached the setpoint.
  • the coupled out of the air circuit laden with moisture air (vapors) is partially withdrawn via line 9, a condenser / saturator 10 and optionally a biofilter 11 supplied before the exhaust air 12 is discharged to the environment.
  • This cooling air can be sucked in by a possibly existing in the dryer vacuum from the environment respectively as exhaust air from the peripheral components.
  • Fig. 2 the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1.
  • the possibility of hot air supply in two or more heating zones through line 7 and 7 ' is shown here.
  • the heating in the heat exchanger 8 is carried out by the flue gases of a burner 15.
  • the dried material for example granules, is fed by means of a screw conveyor 14 'and a conveying element 14 "to a back-mixing silo 16, from where the accept or final product 17 is discharged.
  • the mixer can, as shown here consist of a delivery zone 19 'and an actual mixing zone 19 "and leads the mixed Good 3 of the distribution screw 6 to.
  • the product discharge of the dried product from the dryer 1 takes place in the silo 16.
  • the excess end product is discharged via a discharge screw 21 arranged in the upper region of the silo 16 and then different process steps, such as stacking in the silo, packaging in big bags, incineration or the like. fed.
  • This arrangement represents a particularly cost-effective and reliable variant, since the discharge rate is controlled automatically. The more dried material is produced, the more good will be delivered. If less good, so nothing is discharged until again the level of the discharge screw 21 is reached. This also ensures that there is always enough material for backmixing. If the volume is selected accordingly, sufficient material will be available for restarting even if the system is switched off. Furthermore, there should also be enough space to completely empty the dryer when shutting down the system. Furthermore, the spray pipes 22 can be seen, by means of which water for condensation respectively.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal view of the dryer 1 in the background of the mixer 19 and the silos 16 and 20 can be seen.
  • Fig. 4 is a transverse view of a dryer 1 according to the invention can be seen. Here you can also see the Nassgutsilo 20 and the mixer 19 and the air supply line 7, including heat exchanger 8 and burner 15. Furthermore, the dryer hood 23 can be seen above the belt 2 in this view.

Abstract

To supply material onto the sieve belt (2) a distribution screw (4) is arranged over the belt. A level sensor (6) is located near the belt, and a height-adjustable calibration roller (5) is mounted over it, rotating against the belt direction. Its rotary speed exceeds the belt velocity. The distribution screw is connected to a mixer (19) for recycled mixed material, especially the dried end product, but also fresh material, especially dilute sludge. The mixer is a plug- double-shaft-, or paddle mixer. The mixer is connected to a silo extraction screw supplying granules. A drying hood covers the belt and the distribution screw. The entire dryer casing or parts of it are in concrete construction. Supply lines (7) along both sides of the dryers have openings for drying gas and are connected by adjustable tie-bars. Below the belt, a distribution system of e.g. spray pipes condense or saturate the vapors. An independent claim is included for the corresponding method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere von Klärschlamm, mit einem Band, insbesondere Siebband auf dem das Gut gefördert wird. Weiters betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere Klärschlamm, wobei das Gut auf einem Band, insbesondere Siebband durch einen Trockner gefördert wird.The invention relates to a device for the continuous drying of Good, especially sewage sludge, with a band, in particular sieve belt on which the estate is promoted. Furthermore, the invention relates to a Process for drying good, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the Good on a tape, especially a wire through a dryer is encouraged.

Bandtrockner werden seit langem für unterschiedliche Anwendungszwecke eingesetzt. Nachteilig ist hier bisher die ungleichmäßige Verteilung des Gutes auf das umlaufende Band, insbesondere Siebband, wodurch das Gut an Stellen mit zu geringer Schichtdicke übertrocknet und an anderen Stellen mit zu hoher Schüttdicke nicht ausreichend getrocknet wird. Bei Trocknung von pastösen und/oder klebrigen Substanzen, z. B. Klärschlamm, müssen diese vor einem gleichmäßigen Aufbringen auf das Band, insbesondere Siebband in Partikel von möglichst konstanten Abmessungen geformt werden. Dies erfolgt in Anlagen für Klärschlämme nach dem Stand der Technik dadurch, dass man diese Substanzen mit hohem Druck durch Matrizen presst. In der Praxis hat es sich gezeigt dass diese Matrizen durch Fremdkörper im zu trocknenden Produkt zur Verstopfung neigen, was sich sehr nachteilig auf die gleichmäßige Trocknung auswirkt. Weiterhin muss der Trockner teilweise einmal pro Schicht zur Reinigung dieser Matrizen stillgelegt werden. Eine Anlage dieser Art ist in der WO 92/00250 beschrieben. Auch aus der EP 0 781 741 B1 oder EP 0 889 014 B1 sind derartige Anlagen bekannt. Zusätzlich sind diese Systeme sehr empfindlich in Bezug auf Änderungen in den Schtammeigenschaften.
Ziel der Erfindung ist es daher ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit der eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des zu trocknenden Gutes, insbesondere pastöse und/oder klebrige Substanzen, auf das Band, insbesondere Siebband eines Bandtrockners gewährleistet wird.
Die Erfindung ist daher dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Aufbringen des Gutes auf das Band, insbesondere Siebband am Eintritt eine Verteilschnecke über dem Band, insbesondere Siebband angeordnet ist. Durch diese Ausführung können zu trocknende Güter, wie z.B. Holzschnitzel, Biomasse, Getreide, Rejekte in Papierfabriken, aber auch Hausmüll oder Klärschlamm relativ gleichmäßig über das Band, insbesondere Siebband des Trockners verteilen.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Kalibrierwalze über dem Band, insbesondere Siebband angeordnet ist, wobei die Kalibrierwalze höhenverstellbar ausgeführt sein kann. Wenn zusätzlich im Bereich der Verteilschnecke ein Niveausensor angeordnet ist, wird eine noch gleichmäßigere Verteilung für die Trocknung erreicht.
Vorteilhaft hat sich erwiesen, wenn die Kalibrierwalze entgegen der Förderrichtung des Band, insbesondere Siebbandes rotiert, wobei die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit größer, als die Bandgeschwindigkeit sein kann. Damit wird die zu große Menge an zu trocknendem Gut wieder zurück in den Bereich der Verteilschnecke gefördert und somit eine noch gleichmäßigere Verteilung erzielt.
Für die Trocknung von pastösen und/oder klebrigen Substanzen, wie z.B. Klärschlamm ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Verteilschnecke mit einem Mischer zur Vermischung von Rückmischgut, insbesondere einem Teilstrom des trockenen Endproduktes, und Frischgut, insbesondere Nassschlamm, in Verbindung steht, wobei der Mischer ein Pflugscharmischer, Doppelwellenmischer oder Paddelmischer sein kann. Durch eine Rückmischung von bereits getrocknetem Gut mit frischem Gut, beispielsweise Nassschlamm, kann die Luftdurchlässigkeit dieser pastösen und/oder klebrigen Substanzen eingestellt werden und es wird die gleichmäßige Verteilung auf dem Band, insbesondere Siebband begünstigt.
Wird der Mischer mit einer Austragsvorrichtung für Rückmischgut eines Rückmischsilos verbunden und weist der Rückmischsilo eine Austragsvorrichtung, insbesondere Austragsschnecke, für den Gutstoff, beispielsweise Granulat, auf, kann eine besonders kostengünstige und betriebsichere Anlage errichtet werden, bei der sich die Austragsmenge des Gutstoffs, z.B. Granulat selbsttätig regelt.
Eine besonders kostengünstige Variante eines Trockners lässt sich realisieren, wenn über dem Band, insbesondere Siebband eine Trockenhaube angeordnet ist, die sich über das gesamte Band, insbesondere Siebband inklusive Verteilschnecke erstreckt, wobei der Trockner Zuführleitungen aufweisen kann, die sich entlang der beiden Seiten des Trockners erstrecken und Öffnungen für den Austritt von Trocknungsgas aufweisen.
Sind die Zuführleitungen mittels einstellbarer Zugstangen miteinander verbunden, kann die Trockenhaube in sehr leichter Bauweise ausgeführt und für eine optimale Abdichtung gegenüber dem Gerüst des Trockners eingestellt werden.
Bei Trocknern mit großer Durchsatzleitung ergibt sich eine kostengünstige Bauart durch die Ausführung des Trocknerunterteiles oder des gesamten Trocknergehäuses in Beton.
Zur Entlastung der Umwelt durch Kondensation der Brüden oder Nachbehandlung in einem Biofilter hat es sich als vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn unterhalb des Bandes, insbesondere Siebbandes Verteileinrichtungen, insbesondere Spritzrohre vorgesehen sind.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere Klärschlamm, wobei das Gut auf einem Band, insbesondere Siebband durch einen Trockner gefördert wird. Sie ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gut über eine Verteilschnecke zugeführt wird, wobei das Niveau durch Änderung der Bandgeschwindigkeit verändert wird, wobei bei einem Ansteigen des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke das Band, insbesondere Siebband beschleunigt bzw. bei einem Absinken des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke die Bandgeschwindigkeit verringert werden kann, bis das Niveau wieder den Sollwert erreicht hat.Belt dryers have long been used for a variety of applications. The disadvantage here is the uneven distribution of the goods on the rotating belt, in particular wire, whereby the material is overdried in places with too small layer thickness and not sufficiently dried at other locations with too high a bulk thickness. When drying pasty and / or sticky substances, eg. As sewage sludge, they must be formed before uniform application to the tape, in particular wire belt into particles of the most constant dimensions possible. This is done in plants for sewage sludge according to the prior art, by pressing these substances at high pressure through dies. In practice, it has been shown that these matrices tend to be blocked by foreign bodies in the product to be dried, which has a very adverse effect on the uniform drying. Furthermore, the dryer sometimes has to be shut down once per shift to clean these matrices. A plant of this type is described in WO 92/00250. Such systems are also known from EP 0 781 741 B1 or EP 0 889 014 B1. In addition, these systems are very sensitive to changes in the shock properties.
The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device with which a uniform distribution of the material to be dried, in particular pasty and / or sticky substances, on the band, in particular the wire belt of a belt dryer is guaranteed.
The invention is therefore characterized in that, for applying the goods to the belt, in particular the belt at the inlet, a distribution screw is arranged above the belt, in particular the belt. By this design, goods to be dried, such as wood chips, biomass, cereals, rejects in paper mills, but also household waste or sewage sludge can distribute relatively evenly over the belt, in particular the belt of the dryer.
An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that a calibration roller is arranged above the belt, in particular wire belt, wherein the calibration roller can be made height adjustable. If, in addition, a level sensor is arranged in the area of the distribution screw, an even more uniform distribution for the drying is achieved.
It has proven to be advantageous if the calibrating roller rotates counter to the conveying direction of the belt, in particular screen belt, wherein the rotational speed can be greater than the belt speed. Thus, the too large amount of material to be dried is conveyed back into the area of the distribution screw, thus achieving even more even distribution.
For the drying of pasty and / or sticky substances, such as sewage sludge, it is advantageous if the distribution screw is in communication with a mixer for mixing back mixed material, in particular a partial stream of the dry end product, and fresh material, in particular wet sludge, wherein the mixer Plowshare mixer, twin-shaft mixer or paddle mixer can be. By a backmixing of already dried material with fresh material, for example wet sludge, the air permeability of these pasty and / or sticky substances can be adjusted and it is the uniform distribution on the belt, in particular screen belt favors.
If the mixer is connected to a discharge device for backmixed material of a backmixed silo and the backmixed silo has a discharge device, in particular discharge screw, for the accept, for example granules, a particularly cost-effective and reliable plant can be set up, in which the discharge quantity of the accept, eg granules automatically regulates.
A particularly cost-effective variant of a dryer can be realized if a drying hood is arranged above the belt, in particular the belt, which extends over the entire belt, in particular the belt including the distribution screw, wherein the dryer can have feed lines extending along the two sides of the dryer extend and have openings for the discharge of drying gas.
If the supply lines are connected to each other by means of adjustable tie rods, the drying hood can be made in a very lightweight construction and adjusted for optimal sealing against the frame of the dryer.
For dryers with a large flow rate, a cost-effective design results from the design of the dryer base or the entire dryer housing in concrete.
To relieve the environment by condensation of the vapors or aftertreatment in a biofilter, it has been found to be advantageous if below the belt, in particular wire belt distribution devices, in particular spray tubes are provided.
The invention also relates to a method for drying of good, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the good is conveyed on a belt, in particular a wire belt through a dryer. It is characterized in that the material is supplied via a distribution screw, wherein the level is changed by changing the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw, the belt, in particular wire belt accelerates or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw the Belt speed can be reduced until the level has reached the set point again.

Bei pastösen und/oder klebrigen zu trocknenden Substanzen ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das zu trocknende Gut, das aus frischem Gut, insbesondere Nassschlamm, und rückgemischtem Gut, insbesondere Granulat, besteht, und das rückgemischte Gut mengengeregelt aus einem Vorratsbehälter, insbesondere Rückmischsilo, abgezogen wird, wobei das überschüssige getrocknete Gut, insbesondere Granulat, als Gutstoff aus dem Vorratsbehälter abgezogen werden kann. Damit kann eine selbsttätige Regelung der Austragsmenge des Gutstoffes besonders betriebssicher erreicht werden.
Zur Entlastung der Umwelt ist es vorteilhaft, wenn unterhalb des Bandes, insbesondere Siebbandes im Trockner Wasser eingesprüht wird und die Brüden kondensiert resp. gesättigt werden.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Zeichnungen beispielhaft beschrieben, wobei Fig. 1 ein Prinzipschema eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandtrockners, Fig. 2 ein Schema einer erfindungsgemäßen Bandtrocknungsanlage, Fig. 3 eine Längsansicht und Fig. 4 eine Queransicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Trockners zeigen.
Fig. 1 stellt ein Schema eines Trockners 1 mit einem Band, insbesondere Siebband 2 dar, bei dem ein zu trocknendes Gut 3 über eine Verteilschnecke auf das Band, insbesondere Siebband 2 aufgetragen und anschließend durch eine Kalibrierwalze 5 vergleichmässigt wird. Das Band, insbesondere Siebband kann dabei aus Kunststoff oder Metallgewebe bestehen. Im Bereich der Verteilschnecke 4 ist ein Niveausensor 6 angeordnet, der die Bandgeschwindigkeit steuert, wobei bei einem Ansteigen des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke das Band, insbesondere Siebband beschleunigt bzw. bei einem Absinken des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke die Bandgeschwindigkeit verringert wird, bis das Niveau wieder den Sollwert erreicht hat. Durch das Zurückwerfen des Gutes durch die Kalibrierwalze 5 wird einerseits nach der Kalibrierwalze eine gleichmäßige Verteilung erreicht, andererseits wird bei höherer Zufuhrmenge, diese in den Bereich des Sensors geführt, wodurch die Regelung der Bandgeschwindigkeit rasch anspricht.
Die Trocknung erfolgt durch über Umluftleitung 7 zugeführte heiße Luft, die hier beispielhaft in einem Wärmetauscher 8 mittels Abwärmenutzung z.B. durch Dampf, Rauchgas oder Heißwasser aufgewärmt wird. Die Luft kann dabei auch direkt oder indirekt durch einen Brenner aufgeheizt werden. Die aus dem Luftkreislauf ausgekoppelte mit Feuchtigkeit beladene Luft (Brüden) wird teilweise über Leitung 9 abgezogen, einem Kondensator/Sättiger 10 und gegebenenfalls einem Biofilter 11 zugeführt, bevor die Abluft 12 an die Umgebung abgegeben wird. Bevor das getrocknete Gut 14 aus dem Trockner austritt wird es vorteilhafterweise noch durch Kühlluft 13 abgekühlt. Diese Kühlluft kann durch einen allenfalls im Trockner vorhandenen Unterdruck aus der Umgebung respektive als Absaugluft aus den Peripheriekomponenten angesaugt werden.
In Fig. 2 sind dieselben Teile mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen wie in Fig. 1. Zusätzlich ist hier die Möglichkeit der Heißluftzufuhr in zwei oder mehrere Heizzonen durch Leitung 7 und 7' dargestellt. Die Aufwärmung im Wärmetauscher 8 erfolgt durch die Rauchgase eines Brenners 15. Daneben gibt es die Möglichkeit der Aufwärmung auch z.B. durch Heißwasser, Dampf oder ein Thermalöl.
Das getrocknete Gut, beispielsweise Granulat wird mittels einer Förderschnecke 14' und einem Förderelement 14" einem Rückmischsilo 16 zugeführt, von wo der Gutstoff bzw. das Endprodukt 17 abgeführt wird. Das Rückmischprodukt wird mittels der Dosierschnecken 18 dem Mischer 19 zugeführt und mit Frischgut bzw. Nassschlamm aus einem Vorlagebehälter 20 vermischt. Der Mischer kann, wie hier dargestellt aus einer Förderzone 19' und einer eigentlichen Mischzone 19" bestehen und führt das vermischte Gut 3 der Verteilschnecke 6 zu. Die Produktabgabe des getrockneten Produktes vom Trockner 1 erfolgt in den Silo 16. Das überschüssige Endprodukt wird über eine im oberen Bereich des Silos 16 angeordnete Austragsschnecke 21 ausgetragen und dann unterschiedlichen Prozessschritten, wie z.B. Stapelung im Silo, Verpackung in Big Bags, Verbrennung oder dgl. zugeführt. Diese Anordnung stellt eine besonders kostengünstige und betriebssichere Variante dar, da die Austragsmenge sich selbsttätig regelt. Je mehr getrocknetes Gut anfällt, desto mehr Gut wird ausgetragen. Fällt weniger Gut an, so wird solange nichts ausgetragen, bis wieder das Niveau der Austragsschnecke 21 erreicht ist. So ist auch gewährleistet, dass immer ausreichend Material für die Rückmischung vorhanden ist. Wird das Volumen entsprechend gewählt, ist auch bei einem Abstellen der Anlage ausreichend Material für das Wiederanfahren vorhanden. Weiters sollte auch genügend Raum sein, um beim Abfahren der Anlage den Trockner vollständig zu entleeren. Weiters sind die Spritzrohre 22 erkennbar, mittels deren Wasser zur Kondensation resp. Sättigung der Brüden eingesprüht wird.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Längsansicht des Trockners 1 bei dem im Hintergrund der Mischer 19 sowie die Silos 16 und 20 erkennbar sind.
In Fig. 4 ist eine Queransicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Trockners 1 zu sehen. Hier erkennt man ebenfalls das Nassgutsilo 20 und den Mischer 19 sowie die Luftzufuhrleitung 7 samt Wärmetauscher 8 und Brenner 15. Weiters ist in dieser Ansicht die Trockenhaube 23 über dem Band 2 zu erkennen.In the case of pasty and / or sticky substances to be dried, it is particularly advantageous if the material to be dried, which consists of fresh material, in particular wet sludge, and remixed material, in particular granules, and the back-mixed material are quantity-controlled withdrawn from a storage container, in particular back-mixed silo is, wherein the excess dried material, in particular granules, can be deducted as accepts from the reservoir. Thus, an automatic control of the discharge of the accepts can be achieved particularly reliable.
To relieve the environment, it is advantageous if water is sprayed below the belt, in particular wire in the dryer and condenses the vapors resp. be saturated.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a belt dryer according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a diagram of a belt drying system according to the invention, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal view and Fig. 4 is a transverse view of a dryer according to the invention.
1 shows a diagram of a dryer 1 with a belt, in particular a belt 2, in which a material 3 to be dried is applied to the belt, in particular belt 2, via a distribution screw and subsequently homogenized by a calibrating roller 5. The band, in particular sieve belt can consist of plastic or metal mesh. In the region of the distribution screw 4, a level sensor 6 is arranged, which controls the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw, the belt, in particular wire belt accelerates or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw, the belt speed is reduced until the level again has reached the setpoint. By throwing back the goods through the calibration roller 5 on the one hand after the sizing a uniform distribution is achieved, on the other hand, at higher supply amount, this led into the range of the sensor, whereby the regulation of the belt speed responds quickly.
Drying takes place by hot air supplied via recirculation line 7, which is here heated by way of example in a heat exchanger 8 by means of waste heat utilization, for example by steam, flue gas or hot water. The air can also be heated directly or indirectly by a burner. The coupled out of the air circuit laden with moisture air (vapors) is partially withdrawn via line 9, a condenser / saturator 10 and optionally a biofilter 11 supplied before the exhaust air 12 is discharged to the environment. Before the dried material 14 exits the dryer, it is advantageously still cooled by cooling air 13. This cooling air can be sucked in by a possibly existing in the dryer vacuum from the environment respectively as exhaust air from the peripheral components.
In Fig. 2, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1. In addition, the possibility of hot air supply in two or more heating zones through line 7 and 7 'is shown here. The heating in the heat exchanger 8 is carried out by the flue gases of a burner 15. In addition, there is the possibility of heating, for example by hot water, steam or a thermal oil.
The dried material, for example granules, is fed by means of a screw conveyor 14 'and a conveying element 14 "to a back-mixing silo 16, from where the accept or final product 17 is discharged. Wet sludge from a storage container 20. The mixer can, as shown here consist of a delivery zone 19 'and an actual mixing zone 19 "and leads the mixed Good 3 of the distribution screw 6 to. The product discharge of the dried product from the dryer 1 takes place in the silo 16. The excess end product is discharged via a discharge screw 21 arranged in the upper region of the silo 16 and then different process steps, such as stacking in the silo, packaging in big bags, incineration or the like. fed. This arrangement represents a particularly cost-effective and reliable variant, since the discharge rate is controlled automatically. The more dried material is produced, the more good will be delivered. If less good, so nothing is discharged until again the level of the discharge screw 21 is reached. This also ensures that there is always enough material for backmixing. If the volume is selected accordingly, sufficient material will be available for restarting even if the system is switched off. Furthermore, there should also be enough space to completely empty the dryer when shutting down the system. Furthermore, the spray pipes 22 can be seen, by means of which water for condensation respectively. Saturation of the vapors is sprayed.
Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal view of the dryer 1 in the background of the mixer 19 and the silos 16 and 20 can be seen.
In Fig. 4 is a transverse view of a dryer 1 according to the invention can be seen. Here you can also see the Nassgutsilo 20 and the mixer 19 and the air supply line 7, including heat exchanger 8 and burner 15. Furthermore, the dryer hood 23 can be seen above the belt 2 in this view.

Claims (22)

Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere von Klärschlamm, mit einem Band (2), insbesondere Siebband auf dem das Gut gefördert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Aufbringen des Gutes auf das Band (2), insbesondere Siebband am Eintritt eine Verteilschnecke (4) über dem Band (2), insbesondere Siebband angeordnet ist.Device for the continuous drying of material, in particular of sewage sludge, with a belt (2), in particular screen belt on which the material is conveyed, characterized in that for applying the goods to the belt (2), in particular screen belt at the inlet, a distribution screw (4 ) is arranged above the belt (2), in particular screen belt. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Verteilschnecke (4) ein Niveausensor (6) angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the region of the distribution screw (4), a level sensor (6) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzlich eine Kalibrierwalze (5) über dem Band (2), insbesondere Siebband angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in addition a calibration roller (5) over the belt (2), in particular screen belt is arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kalibrierwalze (5) höhenverstellbar ausgeführt ist.Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the calibration roller (5) is designed to be height adjustable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kalibrierwalze (5) entgegen der Förderrichtung des Bandes (2), insbesondere Siebbandes rotiert.Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the calibration roller (5) counter to the conveying direction of the belt (2), in particular screen belt rotates. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit größer ist, als die Bandgeschwindigkeit.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the rotational speed is greater than the belt speed. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verteilschnecke (4) mit einem Mischer (19) zur Vermischung von Rückmischgut, insbesondere getrocknetem Endprodukt, und Frischgut, insbesondere Nassschlamm, in Verbindung steht.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the distribution screw (4) is in communication with a mixer (19) for mixing back mixed material, in particular dried end product, and fresh material, in particular wet sludge. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mischer (19) ein Pflugscharmischer, Doppelwellenmischer oder Paddelmischer ist.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the mixer (19) is a ploughshare mixer, twin-shaft mixer or paddle mixer. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mischer (19) mit einer Austragsvorrichtung (18) für Rückmischgut eines Rückmischsilos (16) in Verbindung steht und der Rückmischsilo (16) eine Austragsvorrichtung (21), insbesondere Austragsschnecke, für den Gutstoff, beispielsweise Granulat, aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the mixer (19) with a discharge device (18) for back mixed material of a back mixing silo (16) is in communication and the back mixing silo (16) a discharge device (21), in particular discharge screw, for the accept, for example Granules, has. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über dem Band (2), insbesondere Siebband eine Trockenhaube (23) angeordnet ist, die sich über das gesamte Band (2), insbesondere Siebband inklusive Verteilschnecke (4) erstreckt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that above the belt (2), in particular wire belt, a drying hood (23) is arranged, which extends over the entire belt (2), in particular wire belt including distribution screw (4). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das gesamte Trocknergehäuse oder Teile davon als Betonkonstruktion ausgeführt sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the entire dryer housing or parts thereof are designed as concrete construction. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trockner (1) Zuführleitungen (7, 7') aufweist, die sich entlang der beiden Seiten des Trockners (1) erstrecken und Öffnungen für den Austritt von Trocknungsgas aufweisen.Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the dryer (1) feed lines (7, 7 ') which extend along the two sides of the dryer (1) and having openings for the discharge of drying gas. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zuführleitungen (7, 7') mittels einstellbarer Zugstangen miteinander verbunden sind.Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the supply lines (7, 7 ') are connected to each other by means of adjustable tie rods. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb des Bandes (2), insbesondere Siebbandes Verteileinrichtungen (22), insbesondere Spritzrohre zur Kondensation resp. Sättigung der Brüden vorgesehen sind.Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that below the belt (2), in particular sieve belt distribution devices (22), in particular spray pipes for condensation respectively. Saturation of the vapors are provided. Verfahren zum Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere Klärschlamm, wobei das Gut auf einem Band, insbesondere Siebband durch einen Trockner gefördert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gut über eine Verteilschnecke zugeführt wird, wobei das Niveau durch Änderung der Bandgeschwindigkeit verändert wird.Process for drying material, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the material is conveyed through a dryer on a belt, in particular a belt, characterized in that the material is supplied via a distribution screw, wherein the level is changed by changing the belt speed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdurchlässigkeit des zu trocknenden Gutes durch die Mischung des Frischproduktes mit einem Teilstrom des bereits getrockneten Endproduktes erreicht wird.A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the air permeability of the material to be dried is achieved by mixing the fresh product with a partial stream of the already dried end product. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einem Ansteigen des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke das Band, insbesondere Siebband beschleunigt wird, bis das Niveau wieder den Sollwert erreicht hat.A method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that at an increase in the level in the distribution screw, the belt, in particular the wire belt is accelerated until the level has reached the target value again. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einem Absinken des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke die Bandgeschwindigkeit verringert wird, bis das Niveau wieder den Sollwert erreicht hat.A method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw, the belt speed is reduced until the level has reached the target value again. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu trocknende Gut von der Kalibrierwalze zurück in den Bereich der Verteilschnecke gefördert wird.Method according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the material to be dried is conveyed by the calibration roller back into the region of the distribution screw. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu trocknende Gut aus frischem Gut, insbesondere Nassschlamm, und rückgemischtem Gut, insbesondere Granulat, besteht, wobei das rückgemischte Gut mengengeregelt aus einem Vorratsbehälter, insbesondere Rückmischsilo, abgezogen wird.Method according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the material to be dried from fresh material, in particular wet sludge, and remixed material, in particular granules, consists, wherein the back-mixed Good volume controlled from a reservoir, in particular back mixed silo, deducted. Verfahren nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das überschüssige getrocknete Gut, insbesondere Granulat, als Gutstoff aus dem Vorratsbehälter abgezogen wird.A method according to claim 20, characterized in that the excess dried material, in particular granules, is withdrawn as accepts from the reservoir. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb des Bandes, insbesondere Siebbandes im Trockner Wasser eingesprüht wird und die Brüden kondensiert resp. gesättigt werden.Method according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that below the belt, in particular sieve belt in the dryer water is sprayed and the vapors condensed resp. be saturated.
EP04009190.2A 2003-04-30 2004-04-19 Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge. Expired - Lifetime EP1473533B1 (en)

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AT0066003A AT412277B (en) 2003-04-30 2003-04-30 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS DRYING OF GOOD, ESPECIALLY WASTE SLUDGE

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DE102012207884B4 (en) * 2012-05-11 2014-04-24 Easy Dry Systems AG Device for drying good
WO2015128547A1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Evac Oy Waste treatment installation
US20170211883A1 (en) * 2014-07-17 2017-07-27 Officine Facco & C. S.P.A. Drying machine for pasty and/or granular substances and spacer for rollers of conveyor belts for such drying machine
US10337795B2 (en) * 2014-07-17 2019-07-02 Officine Facco & C. S.P.A. Drying machine for pasty and/or granular substances and spacer for rollers of conveyor belts for such drying machine
CN112777915A (en) * 2021-03-04 2021-05-11 天津科技大学 Small-size sealed sludge drying electric stirring device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1473533B1 (en) 2015-06-17
ATA6602003A (en) 2004-05-15
US20050241173A1 (en) 2005-11-03
AT412277B (en) 2004-12-27
SI1473533T1 (en) 2015-09-30
US7028414B2 (en) 2006-04-18
HUE027613T2 (en) 2016-10-28
ES2545902T3 (en) 2015-09-16
EP1473533A3 (en) 2008-05-14
PL1473533T3 (en) 2015-11-30

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