EP1452656B1 - Method for renewing a room wall of a building - Google Patents

Method for renewing a room wall of a building Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1452656B1
EP1452656B1 EP04002320A EP04002320A EP1452656B1 EP 1452656 B1 EP1452656 B1 EP 1452656B1 EP 04002320 A EP04002320 A EP 04002320A EP 04002320 A EP04002320 A EP 04002320A EP 1452656 B1 EP1452656 B1 EP 1452656B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
wall
slit
shells
slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04002320A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1452656A3 (en
EP1452656A2 (en
Inventor
Jochen Seidel
Klaus Friedrich Lippe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xella Baustoffe GmbH
Original Assignee
Xella Baustoffe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xella Baustoffe GmbH filed Critical Xella Baustoffe GmbH
Publication of EP1452656A2 publication Critical patent/EP1452656A2/en
Publication of EP1452656A3 publication Critical patent/EP1452656A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1452656B1 publication Critical patent/EP1452656B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/849—Groove or slot type openings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the renovation of room walls to improve the sound insulation.
  • a double-shell construction is used in particular for row and semi-detached houses in order to reduce the transmission of sound between the individual parts of the building.
  • Out DE 91 16 233 U1 is a sound-absorbing glazing known.
  • this sound-absorbing glazing a first perforated glass pane and a second glass pane are provided, wherein sound-absorbing elements are provided between the two glass panes.
  • the sound-absorbing glazing is also referred to as a sound absorber.
  • a box-type soundproof wall is provided with a closed rear wall and a front wall having openings, the rear wall and the front wall enclosing an air-filled cavity into which sound waves entering through the openings of the front wall are received.
  • a soundproofing for which Wandbauquerer concrete are proposed in the interior of which soundproofing material is provided in a chamber.
  • the wall cuboids have on one of its opening bounding wall openings through which allow the entry of sound waves into the chamber, in which then takes place through the sound damping material and interference noise attenuation.
  • the AT 390 630 B with the sound insulation.
  • building blocks are proposed, whose end faces are contoured such that when walling open mortar pockets open on one side, which are then close to wall.
  • resonators are provided, which are arranged in the interior of cavities of building blocks. With these resonators, a sound absorption of exciter waves by energy dissipation due to the resonant resonating should be achieved.
  • US 1,554,180 A deals with a paneling of room walls with sound absorbing panels.
  • the wood pressure plates used have a highly compacted surface which is drilled or sawed so that impacting sound does not strike the closed surface but the porous internal body of the plate which is opened by sawing or drilling.
  • the object of the invention is to perform a wall renovation of an existing building with relatively simple means to improve the sound insulation or a first and a second shell having room wall.
  • Shells according to the invention can be both walls and ceilings.
  • a slot is formed as an interference zone in one of the shells, which is preferably spaced from the edge of the shell.
  • the two shells are according to the inventive method by the at least one slot in one of the shells detuned acoustically to each other.
  • the shells deviate from one another, at least with regard to a first, preferably with regard to a plurality of, and in particular all natural resonant frequencies.
  • the sound insulation achieved with the invention is so pronounced that it exceeds the effect of a sound insulation according to the Gösele formula, which is based on an increased surface mass of the shells.
  • the first and the second shell made of the same material, in particular a mineral building material or artificial stone with substantially the same wall thickness.
  • a mineral building material or artificial stone with substantially the same wall thickness.
  • the at least one slot is formed open towards a gap formed between the shells. Since a gap located between the shells, especially if it is a joint between adjacent semi-detached or terraced houses, is separated from the environment, it is not necessary in this position of the at least one slot to cover or close this. This situation thus leads to a low renovation costs.
  • the shell provided with the at least one slot remains smoothly formed on the opposite side of the gap, the shell can be used without further measures as it is as a viewing wall or provided with a decorative wall covering, which in turn results in a low renovation effort.
  • the slot is limited in a section transverse thereto on its side walls by the material of the wall former, in particular the material of wall construction blocks.
  • Wall formers can be next to Wandbauquadern the side walls or ceilings of cellular concrete or other artificial stone, also be created locally concrete elements. Due to the limitation of the slot by material of the mural is expressed that the sound insulation according to the invention even without known from the prior art hollow chambers for soundproofing effect. Namely, the invention aims at reducing the sound transmission between shells obtained by detuning the shells through the formation of at least one slot.
  • the at least one slot extends at least over 1/9 of the thickness of the first shell, preferably over 40 to 60%, in particular 50%, of the thickness of the first shell.
  • the slot does not cut through the shell, but extends into this only as a narrow interference zone.
  • the width of the at least one slot should be at least 1 mm. Since such a dimensioning is difficult to comply with on construction sites, a width of 5 to 50 mm, in particular 10 mm is provided according to a preferred embodiment to facilitate the production.
  • the length of the at least one slot corresponds to the storey height in the case of a vertical extent and to the wall length in the case of a horizontal extent.
  • the shell, which has the at least one slot is acoustically divided into two or, in the case of several slots, into a plurality of shells whose vibration characteristics differ significantly from those of the non-slotted shell.
  • the slot should be divided by an asymmetrical position which divide one shell as possible into two differing acoustic partial shells in order to minimize the interaction between the acoustic partial shells.
  • the at least one shell has at least one Slot with a vibration elastic material, in particular with a sealing compound at least partially, preferably completely filled.
  • the at least one slot is covered with a fabric and / or with a plaster layer. A cover with a fabric and or with a plaster layer is also advantageous if the at least one slot is formed in the visible side of the shell.
  • the method according to the invention for wall renovation, in particular after an analysis of the sound propagation, makes it possible to inexpensively improve buildings with unsatisfactory sound insulation with regard to sound insulation.
  • the method of analyzing the sound propagation determines the transfer function of the dishes. This provision provides information on whether the modal behavior of the shells is the cause of the unwanted sound transmission.
  • At least one slot is formed in one of the two shells, which forms a fault zone influencing the oscillation behavior.
  • a measuring equipment which comprises an accelerometer, a pulse hammer or vibration exciter with force sensor and an acoustic analyzer.
  • a PC measuring card can also be used.
  • the method is carried out such that first at the itself to be analyzed a measuring point is determined at which the accelerometer is positioned.
  • excitation points are determined at which the wall to be analyzed is set in vibration by impacts with the impulse hammer or by means of the vibration exciter. The vibrations thus generated are detected with the accelerometer and evaluated with the Akustikanalysator or the PC-measuring card.
  • the two shells which are in mutual acoustic contact with each other, must be examined in the same way for their vibration behavior. If the frequency images match, an improvement can be achieved with the introduction of at least one slot.
  • the starting points can basically be chosen freely.
  • the excitation points should be selected according to a fixed grid, for example 3 ⁇ 3 or 4 ⁇ 4 points with a fixed distance, in particular 500 mm, in order to achieve comparable and repeatable measurement results in subsequent measurements on the same or on the interacting dish to be able to.
  • a modal analysis is carried out, in which the modes of the shells are determined. Restructuring is promising if, in 3 or more cases, the natural frequencies of the modes coincide and collapse can be assumed if the deviation is less than 10%.
  • any wall covering is first removed.
  • a slot is introduced into the wall with a tool, in particular a chain saw used according to the invention.
  • This slot is then covered with a fabric tape, after which then the entire wall can be re-provided with a wall covering, in particular a plaster.
  • the aforementioned method for analyzing the propagation of sound can be used advantageously, in particular, in the case of two-shell room walls with two shells running essentially parallel to one another.
  • the in the Fig. 1 and 4 shown, with a method according to the invention according to a first embodiment rehabilitated room wall 100 has a first shell 102 and a second shell 104, wherein the first shell 102 forms the end wall of a first half of a semi-detached house and the second shell 104, the end wall of a second half of this semi-detached house forms.
  • Both shells 102, 104 extend between a projectile bottom 106 and a floor slab 108, wherein connect to the horizontally opposite ends of the shells 102, 104 outer walls 110, 112, 114, 116 of the semi-detached houses.
  • an air gap 118 is formed, which extends over the entire building height and width.
  • the joint which is formed as Luftfuge 118, completed with respect to the environment, the outer wall cladding 120, 121 may be interrupted in each case by a particular elastic joint profile 123.
  • an insulating material may be arranged.
  • the first shell 102 four slots 124, 126, 128, 130 are formed, which extend in the vertical direction over the entire storey height between the bottom 106 and the ceiling 108.
  • the slots 124, 126, 128, 130 each having a depth of 50% of the wall thickness of the first shell 102 and a width of 20 mm, the first shell 102 is divided into five acoustic partial shells, so that the first shell 102 and the second shell 104 form a detuned vibration system of first and second vibrating bodies having different natural frequencies.
  • the slots 124, 126, 128, 130 form interference zones which prevent the first shell 102 from swinging in accordance with the second shell 104.
  • the slot spacing may be oriented to the material of the shell 102 and oriented to the stone or element width to facilitate any cuts.
  • Both shells 102, 104 are manufactured in one piece as wall elements made of aerated concrete and have an identical wall thickness of 175 mm. Due to the production of cellular concrete, the visible sides 132 and 134 of the first and second shell 102, 104 can be used as visible walls without plaster, since they are each formed smoothly and without joints.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a renovated according to a second embodiment of the room wall 200 according to a second embodiment, which is different from The remedied according to the first embodiment only differs in that the slots 224, 226, 228, 230 do not extend over the entire storey height, but only over about 70% of the storey height.
  • the room wall 200 refurbished according to the second embodiment corresponds to the room wall 100 refurbished according to the first embodiment, reference is made to the description thereof.
  • slots 324, 326, 328, 330 extend in the horizontal direction between the outer walls 310, 312 over the entire width of one of the two shells 302 a double-shell partition of a duplex.
  • the slots extend over about 50% of the wall thickness of the first shell 302.
  • the slots 324, 326, 328, 330 are in turn open in the depth direction to an air gap (not shown) so that a generally detuned Vibration system of a first shell 302 and a second shell (not shown) is formed.
  • Fig. 5 shows a rehabilitated according to a fourth embodiment of a method according to the invention room wall 500, which is formed in a row or apartment building, which has been initially established conventionally. Between a first shell 502 of in-situ concrete and a second shell 504 of in-situ concrete is an air gap 518, which cuts through the entire building. In the first shell, in a refurbishment process, a slot 552 has been formed by sawing by means of a diamond saw, which extends in the depth direction over about 60 of the wall thickness of the first shell 502.
  • a plaster layer 554 is mounted on the wall, which in the region of the slot 522 of a Tissue band, in particular a Gittex fiberglass fabric with a mesh size of 5 mm is supported.
  • the first shell 502 is divided approximately in a ratio of 2 to 3 into two acoustic partial shells, which show a deviating from the second shell 404 shrinkage behavior.
  • a slot. 552 extends to the visible side of one of the shells 502 and is accordingly covered with a plaster 554, it may be advantageous to use instead of a fabric tape a permanently elastic closure body 801 preferably a kind of sealing cord which closes the slot 552 to the visible side and thereby a pad for make the plaster 554, as in Fig. 6 shown.
  • a closure body 903 which has a cover strip 905 and an elastic tube section 907, as in Fig. 7 shown.
  • the elastic tube portion 907 is then pressed into the slot 552 so as to be connected to the shell 502 solely due to its friction on the walls of the slot, thereby keeping the cover strip 905 covering the slot 552.
  • strips with self-adhesive coating for filling the slots mineral wool, strips with self-adhesive coating, air pocket films with and without adhesive strips, plastic foams, in particular PolyuxethanDuume and extruded polystyrene strips, permanently elastic foams and felts are also used in the invention.
  • Fig. 8 shows a arranged on a shell 1602 grid of excitation points 1655 at which a shell 1602 is excited with a pulse hammer in performing the analysis according to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention of sound propagation through a first and a second shell in buildings.
  • a measuring point designated by the reference numeral 1657 the vibrations of the shell 1602 are recorded.
  • detectable measuring curves are in the Fig. 9 and 10 shown in FIG Fig.
  • a detuned vibration system of a first, slot-containing shell and a second, not having slots shell is registered.
  • the two curves differ significantly with respect to the position of their maxima from each other, from which it can be seen that a sound transmission from the first to the second shell and vice versa is attenuated.
  • Fig. 10 shows according to curves of two identical shells.
  • the almost identical position of the maxima shows that sound transfers very easily from the first shell to the second shell.
  • the deviations of the measurement curves result only from accidental, due to the inaccuracy in building deviations between the shells.
  • the following combinations of compressive strength class and apparent density in particular have proved to be advantageous: P4 / 07, P4 / 06, P4 / 055, P2 / 035, P2 / 05, P2 / 0 , 7, P2 / 0.8.
  • the shells should have at least a wall thickness of 100 mm, in particular 175 mm or 190 mm.
  • the slots are to be formed in wall panels made of concrete, in particular with a wall thickness of 110 mm, this should have a density of at least 2.0 kg / dm3, in particular 2.3 kg / dm3.
  • the invention can also be realized in the use of in-situ concrete on the construction site, preferably in that first ribs are introduced into the formwork, which are removed after curing of the concrete.
  • filigree ceilings and concrete ceilings are in the aforementioned ways with at least one slot to provide.
  • the renovated according to a fifth embodiment of the inventive method room wall 1900 has a first shell 1902, a second shell 1904 and a third shell 1905, which meet in a cross-impact on each other.
  • the second shell 1904 is continuous, whereas the first shell 1902 and the third shell 1905 abut against the second shell 1904.
  • a slot 1992 is formed, which extends over the entire height of the shell. In the depth direction, this extends over about forty percent of the wall thickness of the first shell 109th
  • refurbished room wall 1920 has a first shell 1922 and a second shell 1924, which are connected to each other in a T-joint. Slots 1993, 1994 in the first and in the second shell disassemble the respective shell into partial shells, whereby the entire room wall 1920 represents a detuned system.
  • FIG. 19 shows a renovated according to a seventh embodiment, the room wall 1930, in which a first shell 1932 and a second shell 1934 form a detuned vibration system. While the trays 1932 and 1934 are a building side wall, the tray 1936 is a floor slab that rests on the tray 1934. In the In the first shell 1932, a slot 1995 is formed to detune the first shell 1932 from the second shell 1934.
  • the shells 1932 and 1934 shown consist of aerated concrete P2 / 035 with a wall thickness of 36.5 cm or aerated P2 / 0.4 with a wall thickness of 30 cm.
  • the ceiling 1935 is made of reinforced concrete with a wall thickness of 18 cm, with a density of 2.3 kg / dm 3 . It has been found in the fifth to seventh embodiments that the slot, although not a physical separation of shells, dampens the propagation of structure-borne noise.
  • a tool 5000 used in the invention for generating slots is shown.
  • This tool which is constructed in the manner of a hand-held chain saw, has a drive unit 5002 and a driven by the drive unit 5002 cutting chain 5004, which is guided around a guide sheet 5006.
  • a depth stop 5008 is provided, which is adjustable in the direction of the double arrow X and can be detected relative to the guide sheet 5006 by means of a locking device 5010 ,
  • the depth stop 5008 has a curved contour to ensure a uniform depth when pivoting the tool 5000 in the direction of the double arrow Y.
  • the tool used according to the invention is particularly advantageous when applied to aerated concrete, since the chain 5004 not only produces a sufficient slot width of about 10 mm, but also reliably removes material from a shell dissolved in the production of the slot from the slot ,
  • the transfer function (also transfer function) is the ratio of reaction to triggering force in amplitude and phase in frequency representation (in contrast to time representation).
  • the reaction can be path, fast or acceleration. Fast is common.
  • the acceleration is used.
  • the transfer function is given in dB, ie as the logarithm of the ratio. Energetic averaging does not mean using the arithmetic mean of the dB values, but rather arithmetically averaging the numerical values and then logarithmizing them to form a dB value out of them.
  • the transfer functions can be subjected to a modal analysis. This is preferably done by means of software.
  • Precursor is the vibration analysis. It simply graphs the movement of the shell at a fixed, freely selectable frequency (amplitude exaggerated and in slow motion).
  • the respective modes are assigned to the resonant frequencies detectable in the transfer functions. These can then be recognized as described above, whether the wall renovation according to the invention is possible.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

A method for further sound proofing of double skin construction walls and floors has one of the layers (102) cut with a pattern of slits to prevent resonant vibration of the layer. The slits (124, 126, 128, 130) are best cut on the side facing the cavity (118) and can be up to 50 percent of the total thickness. The slits can be filled with an elastic damping material. Slits applied to the outside wall surface are covered by a cladding layer, or rendering. The slits can be cut before final hardening of the layer.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Sanierung von Raumwandungen zur Verbesserung der Schalldämmung.The invention relates to a method for the renovation of room walls to improve the sound insulation.

Es ist bekannt, daß Schall in einen Raum dadurch eindringen oder aus diesem austreten kann, daß Wände und Decken des Raumes durch benachbarte bzw. in diesem auftretende Schallereignisse in Schwingung versetzt werden. Um dem zu begegnen, werden Wände und Decken häufig zweischalig aufgebaut, wobei eine zwischen den Schalen liegende Luftschicht die Schallübertragung behindern soll. Als Beispiel für eine solche zweischalige Wand sei auf die in dem "Hebel Porenbeton Handbuch' (9. Auflage, Seite 291) gezeigte Außenwand verwiesen.It is known that sound can penetrate or escape from a room by causing walls and ceilings of the room to vibrate due to adjacent or occurring sound events. To counter this, walls and ceilings are often built with two shells, with a layer of air between the shells to hinder the sound transmission. As an example of such a two-shell wall, reference is made to the outer wall shown in the 'Lever Aero-Concrete Handbook' (9th edition, page 291).

Eine zweischalige Bauweise wird insbesondere bei Reihen- und Doppelhäusern angewendet, um die Schallübertragung zwischen den einzelnen Gebäudeteilen zu vermindern. Zur Verminderung der Ausbreitung von Körperschall (Längsleitung auf Bauteilen) ist es ferner bekannt, an Wandenden oder Deckenenden Trennfugen vorzusehen.A double-shell construction is used in particular for row and semi-detached houses in order to reduce the transmission of sound between the individual parts of the building. To reduce the propagation of structure-borne noise (longitudinal line on components), it is also known to provide at the ends of walls or ceiling ends joints.

Aus DE 91 16 233 U1 ist eine schallabsorbierende Verglasung bekannt. Bei dieser schallabsorbierenden Verglasung sind eine erste mit Durchbrechung versehene Glasscheibe und eine zweite Glasscheibe vorgesehen, wobei zwischen den beiden Glasscheiben Schallschluckelemente vorgesehen sind. Durch diese Gestaltung soll erreicht werden, daß ein in einem Raum auftretendes Schallerreignis nur mehr zu einem geringen Teil von der Verglasung reflektiert wird, wodurch in dem Raum eine Schalldämpfung erreicht wird. Dementsprechend wird die schallabsorbierende Verglasung auch als Schallabsorber bezeichnet.Out DE 91 16 233 U1 is a sound-absorbing glazing known. In this sound-absorbing glazing, a first perforated glass pane and a second glass pane are provided, wherein sound-absorbing elements are provided between the two glass panes. By This design is to be achieved that a sound event occurring in a room is reflected only to a small extent by the glazing, whereby a sound attenuation is achieved in the room. Accordingly, the sound-absorbing glazing is also referred to as a sound absorber.

Wie die zuvor genannte DE 91 16 233 U1 , befaßt sich auch die AT 352 957 A mit der Schallabsorption. Gemäß AT 352 957 ist eine Schallschutzwand in Kastenbauweise mit einer geschlossenen Rückwand und einer Öffnungen aufweisenden Frontwand vorgesehen, wobei die Rückwand und die Frontwand einen luftgefüllten Hohlraum einschließen, in welchen durch die Öffnungen der Frontwand eintretende Schallwellen aufgenommen werden.Like the aforementioned DE 91 16 233 U1 , is also concerned AT 352 957 A with the sound absorption. According to AT 352 957 a box-type soundproof wall is provided with a closed rear wall and a front wall having openings, the rear wall and the front wall enclosing an air-filled cavity into which sound waves entering through the openings of the front wall are received.

Gemäß der US 4 071 989 A ist eine Schalldämpfung vorgesehen, wobei dazu Wandbauquader aus Beton vorgeschlagen werden, in deren Innern in einer Kammer Schalldämpfungsmaterial vorgesehen ist. Die Wandbauquader weisen an einer ihrer die Öffnung begrenzenden Wandung durchgehende Öffnungen auf, die ein Eintreten von Schallwellen in die Kammer ermöglichen, in welcher dann durch das Schalldämpfungsmaterial und durch Interferenzen eine Schalldämpfung erfolgt.According to the US 4,071,989 A a soundproofing is provided, for which Wandbauquerer concrete are proposed in the interior of which soundproofing material is provided in a chamber. The wall cuboids have on one of its opening bounding wall openings through which allow the entry of sound waves into the chamber, in which then takes place through the sound damping material and interference noise attenuation.

Im Gegensatz zu den zuvor genannten Schriften befaßt sich die AT 390 630 B mit der Schalldämmung. Um eine gute Schalldämmung zu erreichen, werden Bausteine vorgeschlagen, deren Stirnseiten derart konturiert sind, daß sich beim Aufmauern einseitig offene Mörteltaschen bilden, die dann dicht zu vermauern sind.In contrast to the aforementioned writings, the AT 390 630 B with the sound insulation. In order to achieve a good sound insulation, building blocks are proposed, whose end faces are contoured such that when walling open mortar pockets open on one side, which are then close to wall.

In der DE 101 25 190 A1 werden zur Schalldämpfung von Gebäudesegmenten Resonatoren vorgesehen, welche im Inneren von Hohlräumen von Bausteinen angeordnet sind. Mit diesen Resonatoren soll eine Schallabsorption von Erregerwellen durch Energiedissipation infolge des Mitschwingens der Resonatoren erreicht werden.In the DE 101 25 190 A1 are used for soundproofing of Building segments resonators are provided, which are arranged in the interior of cavities of building blocks. With these resonators, a sound absorption of exciter waves by energy dissipation due to the resonant resonating should be achieved.

In FR 1 379 057 A sind Wandbauelemente und zugehörige Zentriermittel beschrieben, die es erlauben, mit den Wandbauelementen eine versatzlose Wand aufzubauenIn FR 1 379 057 A wall elements and associated centering means are described, which allow to build with the wall components an offset wall

In der GB 692 709 A werden Raumwände mit Schall absorbierenden Platten verkleidet, wobei die aus einem fasrigen Material bestehenden Platten Schlitze aufweisen, mit denen eine gezielte Schallabsorption möglich sein soll.In the GB 692 709 A Room walls are clad with sound-absorbing plates, wherein the existing of a fibrous material plates have slots with which a targeted sound absorption should be possible.

Auch die US 1,554,180 A befasst sich mit einer Verkleidung von Raumwänden mit Schall absorbierenden Platten. Die verwendeten Holzpressplatten besitzen eine stark verdichtete Oberfläche, die so aufgebohrt bzw. gesägt ist, dass auftreffender Schall nicht auf die geschlossene Oberfläche, sondern auf das durch das Sägen bzw. Bohren geöffnete poröse Körperinnere der Platte trifft.Also the US 1,554,180 A deals with a paneling of room walls with sound absorbing panels. The wood pressure plates used have a highly compacted surface which is drilled or sawed so that impacting sound does not strike the closed surface but the porous internal body of the plate which is opened by sawing or drilling.

Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß trotz der bisher erzielten Schalldämmung laute Schallereignisse nicht zufriedenstellend abgeschirmt werden können.However, it has been shown that loud sound events can not be satisfactorily shielded despite the previously achieved sound insulation.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, mit relativ einfachen Mitteln eine Wandsanierung eines bereits bestehenden Gebäudes durchzuführen, um die Schalldämmung oder eine erste und eine zweite Schale aufweisenden Raumwandung zu verbessern.The object of the invention is to perform a wall renovation of an existing building with relatively simple means to improve the sound insulation or a first and a second shell having room wall.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1.The solution of this object is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1.

Dazu ist gemäß der Erfindung bei einer Raumwandung eines Gebäudes mit einer ersten Schale und mit einer von der ersten Schalen beabstandeten, zweiten Schale vorgesehen, in der ersten Schale mindestens einen Schlitz auszubilden, der eine das Schwingungsverhalten beeinflussende Störzone bildet. Schalen im Sinne der Erfindung können sowohl Wände als auch Decken sein.This is according to the invention in a room wall of a building with a first shell and with a distance from the first shells, second shell provided to form at least one slot in the first shell, which forms a disturbance zone influencing the vibration behavior. Shells according to the invention can be both walls and ceilings.

Im Gegensatz zur bekannten Bauweise mit Trennfugen an den Enden von einschaligen Wänden und Decken wird gemäß der Erfindung ein Schlitz als Störzone in einer der Schalen ausgebildet, wobei dieser vorzugsweise vom Rand der Schale beabstandet ist.In contrast to the known construction with joints at the ends of einschaligen walls and ceilings, according to the invention, a slot is formed as an interference zone in one of the shells, which is preferably spaced from the edge of the shell.

Während also bei bekannten Wandungen sich im wesentlichen identische Schalen oder Wandhälften, die ein im wesentlichen identisches Schwingungsverhalten aufweisen, in einer im wesentlichen parallel verlaufenden Anordnung oder quer zueinander gegenüberstehen, werden die beiden Schalen gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren durch den mindestens einen Schlitz in einer der Schalen zu einander akustisch verstimmt. Dies bedeutet, daß durch die Verstimmung die Schalen mindestens hinsichtlich einer ersten, vorzugsweise hinsichtlich mehrerer und insbesondere aller Eigenresonanzfrequenzen von einander abweichen. Die mit der Erfindung erzielte Schalldämmung ist so ausgeprägt, daß sie den Effekt einer Schalldämmung nach der Gösele-Formel, die auf einer erhöhten flächenbezogenen Masse der Schalen beruht, übertrifft.Thus, while in known walls substantially identical shells or wall halves having a substantially identical vibration behavior, in a substantially parallel arrangement or transverse to each other, the two shells are according to the inventive method by the at least one slot in one of the shells detuned acoustically to each other. This means that due to the detuning, the shells deviate from one another, at least with regard to a first, preferably with regard to a plurality of, and in particular all natural resonant frequencies. The sound insulation achieved with the invention is so pronounced that it exceeds the effect of a sound insulation according to the Gösele formula, which is based on an increased surface mass of the shells.

Vorzugsweise sind die erste und die zweite Schale aus dem gleichen Material, insbesondere einem mineralischen Baustoff oder Kunststein mit im wesentlichen gleicher Wandstärke hergestellt. Bei dieser an sich üblichen Bauweise, die hinsichtlich der Dimensionierung für die zu tragenden Lasten und unter den Gesichtspunkten des Raumverbrauches und des Gewichtes optimal ist, wird durch den mindestens einen vorgesehenen Schlitz dennoch eine hohe Schalldämmung erreicht.Preferably, the first and the second shell made of the same material, in particular a mineral building material or artificial stone with substantially the same wall thickness. In this per se conventional construction, which is optimal in terms of dimensions for the loads to be supported and from the viewpoints of space consumption and weight, is still a high through the at least one slot provided Sound insulation achieved.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird der mindestens eine Schlitz zu einer zwischen den Schalen ausgebildeten Fuge hin offen ausgebildet. Da eine zwischen den Schalen befindliche Fuge, insbesondere wenn es sich um eine Fuge zwischen benachbarten Doppelhaushälften oder Reihenhäusern handelt, von der Umgebung getrennt ist, ist es bei dieser Lage des mindestens einen Schlitzes nicht erforderlich, diesen abzudecken oder zu verschließen. Diese Lage führt also zu einem niedrigen Sanierungsaufwand.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one slot is formed open towards a gap formed between the shells. Since a gap located between the shells, especially if it is a joint between adjacent semi-detached or terraced houses, is separated from the environment, it is not necessary in this position of the at least one slot to cover or close this. This situation thus leads to a low renovation costs.

Wenn die mit dem mindestens einen Schlitz versehene Schale an der der Fuge gegenüberliegenden Raumseite glatt ausgebildet bleibt, kann die Schale ohne weitere Maßnahmen, wie sie ist, als Sichtwand verwendet oder mit einem dekorativen Wandbelag versehen werden, was wiederum einen niedrigen Sanierungsaufwand zur Folge hat.If the shell provided with the at least one slot remains smoothly formed on the opposite side of the gap, the shell can be used without further measures as it is as a viewing wall or provided with a decorative wall covering, which in turn results in a low renovation effort.

Vorzugsweise ist der Schlitz in einem Schnitt quer dazu an seinen Seitenwänden durch das Material des Wandbildners, insbesondere des Materials von Wandbauquadern begrenzt. Wandbildner können neben Wandbauquadern die Seitenwände oder Decken aus Porenbeton oder einem anderen Kunststein sein können, auch am Ort erstellte Betonelemente sein. Durch die Begrenzung des Schlitzes durch Material des Wandbildners wird zum Ausdruck gebracht, daß die Schalldämmung gemäß der Erfindung auch ohne aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Hohlkammern zur Schalldämpfung Wirkung zeigt. Die Erfindung zielt nämlich auf die Verminderung der Schallübertragung zwischen Schalen, die durch das Verstimmen der Schalen durch die Ausbildung mindestens eines Schlitzes erzielt wird.Preferably, the slot is limited in a section transverse thereto on its side walls by the material of the wall former, in particular the material of wall construction blocks. Wall formers can be next to Wandbauquadern the side walls or ceilings of cellular concrete or other artificial stone, also be created locally concrete elements. Due to the limitation of the slot by material of the mural is expressed that the sound insulation according to the invention even without known from the prior art hollow chambers for soundproofing effect. Namely, the invention aims at reducing the sound transmission between shells obtained by detuning the shells through the formation of at least one slot.

Eine gute Schalldämmung wird erreicht, wenn der mindestens eine Schlitz sich mindestens über 1/9 der Dicke der ersten Schale, vorzugsweise über 40 bis 60%, insbesondere 50% der Dicke der ersten Schale erstreckt. Vorzugsweise ist also vorgesehen, daß der Schlitz die Schale nicht durchtrennt, sondern sich in diese nur als schmale Störzone hinein erstreckt.Good sound insulation is achieved if the at least one slot extends at least over 1/9 of the thickness of the first shell, preferably over 40 to 60%, in particular 50%, of the thickness of the first shell. Preferably, it is therefore provided that the slot does not cut through the shell, but extends into this only as a narrow interference zone.

Um die gewünschte Schalldämmung zu erreichen, sollte die Breite des mindestens einen Schlitzes mindestens 1 mm betragen. Da eine solche Dimensionierung sich auf Baustellen nur schwer einhalten läßt, ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform zur Erleichterung der Herstellung eine Breite von 5 bis 50 mm, insbesondere 10 mm vorgesehen.In order to achieve the desired sound insulation, the width of the at least one slot should be at least 1 mm. Since such a dimensioning is difficult to comply with on construction sites, a width of 5 to 50 mm, in particular 10 mm is provided according to a preferred embodiment to facilitate the production.

Besonders gute Schalldämmungseigenschaften lassen sich erzielen, wenn die Länge des mindestens einen Schlitzes bei vertikaler Erstreckung der Geschoßhöhe und bei horizontaler Erstreckung der Wandlänge entspricht. Dadurch wird die Schale, die den mindestens einen Schlitz aufweist, akustisch in zwei oder - bei mehreren Schlitzen - in mehrere Schalen geteilt, deren Schwingungseigenschaften sich deutlich von denen der nicht geschlitzten Schale unterscheiden. Dabei sollte der Schlitz durch eine asymmetrische Lage die eine Schale möglichst in zwei sich unterscheidende akustische Teilschalen unterteilen, um die Wechselwirkung zwischen den akustischen Teilschalen zu minimieren.Particularly good sound insulation properties can be achieved if the length of the at least one slot corresponds to the storey height in the case of a vertical extent and to the wall length in the case of a horizontal extent. As a result, the shell, which has the at least one slot, is acoustically divided into two or, in the case of several slots, into a plurality of shells whose vibration characteristics differ significantly from those of the non-slotted shell. In this case, the slot should be divided by an asymmetrical position which divide one shell as possible into two differing acoustic partial shells in order to minimize the interaction between the acoustic partial shells.

Um zu verhindern, daß die mit dem mindestens einen Schlitz versehene Schale durch Feuchtigkeit, Mikroorganismen oder Ungeziefer Schaden nimmt, ist bei weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsformen vorgesehen, daß der mindestens eine Schlitz mit einem schwingungselastischen Material, insbesondere mit einer Versiegelungsmasse mindestens teilweise, vorzugsweise ganz ausgefüllt wird. Um die vorgenannten Ziele zu erreichen, kann alternativ vorgesehen sein, daß der mindestens eine Schlitz mit einem Gewebe und/oder mit einer Putzschicht abgedeckt wird. Eine Abdeckung mit einem Gewebe und oder mit einer Putzschicht ist auch dann vorteilhaft, wenn der mindestens eine Schlitz in der Sichtseite der Schale ausgebildet wird.In order to prevent the shell provided with the at least one slot from being damaged by moisture, microorganisms or pests, it is provided in further preferred embodiments that the at least one shell has at least one Slot with a vibration elastic material, in particular with a sealing compound at least partially, preferably completely filled. In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, it may alternatively be provided that the at least one slot is covered with a fabric and / or with a plaster layer. A cover with a fabric and or with a plaster layer is also advantageous if the at least one slot is formed in the visible side of the shell.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Wandsanierung, insbesondere nach einer Analyse der Schallausbreitung erlaubt es, kostengünstig Gebäude mit einem nicht zufriedenstellenden Schallschutz hinsichtlich der Schalldämmung zu verbessern.The method according to the invention for wall renovation, in particular after an analysis of the sound propagation, makes it possible to inexpensively improve buildings with unsatisfactory sound insulation with regard to sound insulation.

Dabei wird bei dem Verfahren zur Analyse der Schallausbreitung die Transferfunktion der Schalen bestimmt. Diese Bestimmung gibt Auskunft darüber, ob das modale Verhalten der Schalen Ursache der ungewünschten Schallübertragung ist.In this case, the method of analyzing the sound propagation determines the transfer function of the dishes. This provision provides information on whether the modal behavior of the shells is the cause of the unwanted sound transmission.

Ist das modale Verhalten der Schalen als Ursache bestimmt, wird gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in einer der beiden Schalen mindestens ein Schlitz ausgebildet, der eine das Schwingungsverhalten beeinflussende Störzone bildet.If the modal behavior of the shells is determined as the cause, according to the method according to the invention, at least one slot is formed in one of the two shells, which forms a fault zone influencing the oscillation behavior.

Für das erfindungsgemäße Analyseverfahren wird eine Meßausrüstung verwendet, die einen Beschleunigungsaufnehmer, einen Impulshammer oder Schwingungsanreger mit Kraftsensor und einen Akustikanalysator umfaßt. Anstelle eines Akustikanalysators ist auch eine PC-Meßkarte verwendbar.For the analysis method according to the invention, a measuring equipment is used which comprises an accelerometer, a pulse hammer or vibration exciter with force sensor and an acoustic analyzer. Instead of an acoustic analyzer, a PC measuring card can also be used.

Das Verfahren wird derart durchgeführt, daß zunächst an der zu analysierenden Wand selbst ein Meßpunkt bestimmt wird, an welchem der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer positioniert wird. Ferner werden Anregepunkte bestimmt, an welchen die zu analysierende Wand durch Schläge mit den Impulshammer oder mittels des Schwingungsanregers in Schwingung versetzt wird. Die so erzeugten Schwingungen werden mit dem Beschleunigungsaufnehmer erfaßt und mit dem Akustikanalysator bzw. der PC-Meßkarte ausgewertet.The method is carried out such that first at the itself to be analyzed a measuring point is determined at which the accelerometer is positioned. In addition, excitation points are determined at which the wall to be analyzed is set in vibration by impacts with the impulse hammer or by means of the vibration exciter. The vibrations thus generated are detected with the accelerometer and evaluated with the Akustikanalysator or the PC-measuring card.

Um eine Aussage treffen zu können, ob durch die Einbringung mindestens eines Schlitzes eine verbesserte Schalldämmung möglich ist, müssen die beiden zu einander in akustischer Wechselbeziehung stehenden Schalen in gleicher Weise auf ihr Schwingungsverhalten hin untersucht werden. Stimmen die Frequenzbilder überein, kann mit der Einbringung mindestens eines Schlitzes eine Verbesserung erzielt werden.In order to be able to make a statement as to whether improved soundproofing is possible by introducing at least one slot, the two shells, which are in mutual acoustic contact with each other, must be examined in the same way for their vibration behavior. If the frequency images match, an improvement can be achieved with the introduction of at least one slot.

Die Anregepunkte können grundsätzlich frei gewählt werden. Vorzugsweise sollten die Anregepunkte jedoch nach einem festen Raster, beispielsweise 3 x 3 oder 4 x 4 Punkte mit einem festen Abstand, insbesondere 500 mm gewählt werden, um bei nachfolgenden Messungen an der gleichen bzw. an der in Wechselwirkung stehenden Schale vergleichbare und wiederholbare Meßergebnisse erzielen zu können.The starting points can basically be chosen freely. Preferably, however, the excitation points should be selected according to a fixed grid, for example 3 × 3 or 4 × 4 points with a fixed distance, in particular 500 mm, in order to achieve comparable and repeatable measurement results in subsequent measurements on the same or on the interacting dish to be able to.

Vorzugsweise wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine Modalanalyse durchgeführt, in der die Moden der Schalen bestimmt werden. Eine Sanierung ist aussichtsreich, wenn in 3 oder mehr Fällen die Eigenfrequenzen der Moden zusammenfallen, wobei ein Zusammenfallen dann angenommen werden kann, wenn die Abweichung weniger als 10 % beträgt.Preferably, in the method according to the invention, a modal analysis is carried out, in which the modes of the shells are determined. Restructuring is promising if, in 3 or more cases, the natural frequencies of the modes coincide and collapse can be assumed if the deviation is less than 10%.

Alternativ zu der zuvor beschriebenen kompletten Modalanalyse kann auch der Mittelwert der Transferfunktion ermittelt und bewertet werden. Dabei wird der energetische Mittelwert der Transferfunktionen aufgrund der Messungen aufgrund der Gesamtheit der Anregungen an allen Anregungspunkten ermittelt, wobei lediglich der Frequenzbereich von 50 bis 300 Hz betrachtet wird. Die Sanierung durch die Einbringung mindestens eines Schlitzes ist dann aussichtsreich, wenn

  1. a) in logarithmischer Darstellung in 4/5 des Frequenzbereiches die ermittelten Transferfunktionen um 25 weniger als 5 dB voneinander abweichen, oder wenn
  2. b) die Frequenz und der Wert von 3/4 der Maxima um weniger als 10% in der Frequenz und 5 dB im Wert voneinander abweichen, oder wenn
  3. c) die ersten 5 Maxima um weniger als 10 in der Frequenz 30 und 5 dB im Wert voneinander abweichen.
As an alternative to the complete modal analysis described above, the mean value of the transfer function can also be used be determined and evaluated. In this case, the energetic mean value of the transfer functions is determined on the basis of the measurements based on the totality of the excitations at all excitation points, whereby only the frequency range from 50 to 300 Hz is considered. The renovation by the introduction of at least one slot is then promising, if
  1. a) in a logarithmic representation in 4/5 of the frequency range, the determined transfer functions differ by less than 5 dB, or if
  2. b) the frequency and the value of 3/4 of the maxima differ by less than 10% in frequency and 5 dB in value, or if
  3. c) the first 5 maxima differ by less than 10 in the frequency 30 and 5 dB in value.

Sollte eine Sanierung durch die Einbringung mindestens eines Schlitzes erfolgversprechend sein, wird gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgegangen.Should remediation by the introduction of at least one slot be promising, proceed according to the method of the invention.

Insbesondere wird zunächst ein etwaiger Wandbelag entfernt. Anschließend wird mit einem Werkzeug, insbesondere einer erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Kettensäge ein Schlitz in die Wand eingebracht. Dieser Schlitz wird anschließend mit einem Gewebeband abgedeckt, wonach dann die gesamte Wand erneut mit einem Wandbelag, insbesondere einem Putz versehen werden kann.In particular, any wall covering is first removed. Subsequently, a slot is introduced into the wall with a tool, in particular a chain saw used according to the invention. This slot is then covered with a fabric tape, after which then the entire wall can be re-provided with a wall covering, in particular a plaster.

Das vorgenannte Verfahren zur Analyse der Schallausbreitung ist insbesondere bei zweischaligen Raumwandungen mit zwei zueinander im wesentlichen parallel verlaufenden Schalen vorteilhaft einsetzbar.The aforementioned method for analyzing the propagation of sound can be used advantageously, in particular, in the case of two-shell room walls with two shells running essentially parallel to one another.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen sowie aus der Beschreibung im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen.Further advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sanierte Raumwandung mit vertikal verlaufenden, sich über die gesamte Geschoßhöhe erstreckenden Schlitzen in einer schematischen Darstellung,
Fig. 2
eine gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sanierte Raumwandung mit vertikal verlaufenden, sich nur über einen Teil der Geschoßhöhe erstreckenden Schlitzen in einer schematischen Darstellung,
Fig. 3
eine gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sanierte Raumwandung mit horizontal verlaufenden, sich über die gesamte Raumbreite erstreckenden Schlitzen in einer schematischen Darstellung,
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch die Raumwandung gemäß der Linie V-V in Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Darstellung,
Fig. 5
einen dem Schnitt in Fig. 4 entsprechenden Schnitt durch eine gemäß einer vierten erfindungsgemäß sanierten Raumwandung in einer schematischen Darstellung,
Fig. 6
eine Detaildarstellung einer bevorzugten ersten Ausführungsform der Versiegelung eines Schlitzes,
Fig. 7
eine Detaildarstellung einer bevorzugten zweiten Ausführungsform der Versiegelung eines Schlitzes,
Fig. 8
ein auf einer Schale angeordnetes Raster aus Anregungspunkten mit einem Meßpunkt,
Fig. 9
ein Diagramm, in welchem die Transferfunktion einer gemäß einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sanierten Raumwandung über der Frequenz dargestellt ist,
Fig. 10
ein Diagramm, in welchem die Transferfunktion einer Raumwandung aus zwei im wesentlichen identischen Schalen über der Frequenz dargestellt ist.
Fig. 11
eine gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsformerfindungsgemäß sanierte Raumwandung,
Fig. 12
eine gemäß einer sechsten Ausführungsform erfindungsgemäß sanierte Raumwandung,
Fig. 13
eine gemäß einer siebten Ausführungsform erfindungsgemäß sanierte Raumwandung, und ,
Fig. 14
ein erfindungsgemäß verwendetes Werkzeug zum Schlitzen von Schalen.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a renovated according to a first embodiment of a method according to the invention room wall with vertically extending over the entire storey height extending slots in a schematic representation,
Fig. 2
a renovated according to a second embodiment of a method according to the invention room wall with vertically extending, extending over only a portion of the storey height slots in a schematic representation,
Fig. 3
a renovated according to a third embodiment of a method according to the invention room wall with horizontally extending over the entire width of the room extending slots in a schematic representation,
Fig. 4
a section through the room wall according to the line VV in Fig. 1 in a schematic representation,
Fig. 5
a the cut in Fig. 4 corresponding section through a according to a fourth renovated according to the invention room wall in a schematic representation,
Fig. 6
a detailed view of a preferred first embodiment of the sealing of a slot,
Fig. 7
a detailed view of a preferred second embodiment of the sealing of a slot,
Fig. 8
a grid of excitation points with a measuring point arranged on a dish,
Fig. 9
3 is a diagram in which the transfer function of a room wall refurbished according to a method according to the invention over the frequency is shown,
Fig. 10
a diagram in which the transfer function of a room wall of two substantially identical shells over the frequency is shown.
Fig. 11
a room wall refurbished according to a fifth embodiment according to the invention,
Fig. 12
a renovated according to a sixth embodiment of the invention room wall,
Fig. 13
a room wall refurbished according to a seventh embodiment according to the invention, and
Fig. 14
a tool used according to the invention for slitting shells.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 4 gezeigte, mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform sanierte Raumwandung 100 weist eine erste Schale 102 sowie eine zweite Schale 104 auf, wobei die erste Schale 102 die Abschlußwand einer ersten Gebäudehälfte eines Doppelhauses bildet und die zweite Schale 104 die Abschlußwand einer zweiten Gebäudehälfte dieses Doppelhauses bildet. Beide Schalen 102, 104 erstrecken sich zwischen einem Geschoßboden 106 und einer Geschoßdecke 108, wobei sich an den horizontal gegenüberliegenden Enden der Schalen 102, 104 Außenwände 110, 112, 114, 116 der Doppelhaushälften anschließen.The in the Fig. 1 and 4 shown, with a method according to the invention according to a first embodiment rehabilitated room wall 100 has a first shell 102 and a second shell 104, wherein the first shell 102 forms the end wall of a first half of a semi-detached house and the second shell 104, the end wall of a second half of this semi-detached house forms. Both shells 102, 104 extend between a projectile bottom 106 and a floor slab 108, wherein connect to the horizontally opposite ends of the shells 102, 104 outer walls 110, 112, 114, 116 of the semi-detached houses.

Zwischen der ersten Schale 102 und der zweiten Schale 104 ist eine Luftfuge 118 ausgebildet, welche sich über die gesamte Gebäudehöhe und -breite erstreckt. Durch den beiden Doppelhaushälften gemeinsame Außenwandbekleidungen 120, 122 in Form eines Putzes ist die Fuge, die als Luftfuge 118 ausgebildet ist, gegenüber der Umgebung abgeschlossen, wobei die Außenwandverkleidung 120, 121 jeweils durch ein insbesondere elastisches Fugenprofil 123 unterbrochen sein kann. In der Fuge kann ein Dämmaterial angeordnet sein.Between the first shell 102 and the second shell 104, an air gap 118 is formed, which extends over the entire building height and width. By the two Semi-detached house common outer wall coverings 120, 122 in the form of a plaster is the joint, which is formed as Luftfuge 118, completed with respect to the environment, the outer wall cladding 120, 121 may be interrupted in each case by a particular elastic joint profile 123. In the joint, an insulating material may be arranged.

In der ersten Schale 102 werden vier Schlitze 124, 126, 128, 130 ausgebildet, welche sich in vertikaler Richtung über die gesamte Geschoßhöhe zwischen dem Boden 106 und der Decke 108 erstrecken. Durch die Schlitze 124, 126, 128, 130, die jeweils eine Tiefe von 50 % der Wandstärke der ersten Schale 102 und eine Breite von 20 mm aufweisen, wird die erste Schale 102 in fünf akustische Teilschalen unterteilt, so daß die erste Schale 102 und die zweite Schale 104 ein verstimmtes Schwingungssystem aus einem ersten und einem zweiten Schwingkörper bilden, die unterschiedliche Eigenfrequenzen aufweisen. Die Schlitze 124, 126, 128, 130 bilden dabei Störzonen, die ein Schwingen der ersten Schale 102 entsprechend der zweiten Schale 104 verhindern. Der Schlitzabstand kann an dem Material der Schale 102 orientiert sein und sich an der Stein- oder Elementbreite orientieren, um etwaige Schnitte zu erleichtern.In the first shell 102 four slots 124, 126, 128, 130 are formed, which extend in the vertical direction over the entire storey height between the bottom 106 and the ceiling 108. Through the slots 124, 126, 128, 130, each having a depth of 50% of the wall thickness of the first shell 102 and a width of 20 mm, the first shell 102 is divided into five acoustic partial shells, so that the first shell 102 and the second shell 104 form a detuned vibration system of first and second vibrating bodies having different natural frequencies. The slots 124, 126, 128, 130 form interference zones which prevent the first shell 102 from swinging in accordance with the second shell 104. The slot spacing may be oriented to the material of the shell 102 and oriented to the stone or element width to facilitate any cuts.

Beide Schalen 102, 104 sind einstöckig als Wandelemente aus Porenbeton gefertigt und weisen eine identische Wandstärke von 175 mm auf. Durch die Herstellung aus Porenbeton können die Sichtseiten 132 und 134 der ersten bzw. zweiten Schale 102, 104 als Sichtwände ohne Verputz verwendet werden, da sie jeweils glatt und ohne Fugen ausgebildet sind.Both shells 102, 104 are manufactured in one piece as wall elements made of aerated concrete and have an identical wall thickness of 175 mm. Due to the production of cellular concrete, the visible sides 132 and 134 of the first and second shell 102, 104 can be used as visible walls without plaster, since they are each formed smoothly and without joints.

Fig. 2 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung eine gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform sanierte Raumwandung 200 gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform, welche sich von der gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform sanierten lediglich dadurch unterscheidet, daß sich die Schlitze 224, 226, 228, 230 nicht über die gesamte Geschoßhöhe, sondern lediglich über etwa 70 % der Geschoßhöhe erstrecken. Da die gemäß der zweiten Ausführungsform sanierte Raumwandung 200 im übrigen der gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform sanierten Raumwandung 100 entspricht, wird auf deren Beschreibung hiermit verwiesen. Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a renovated according to a second embodiment of the room wall 200 according to a second embodiment, which is different from The remedied according to the first embodiment only differs in that the slots 224, 226, 228, 230 do not extend over the entire storey height, but only over about 70% of the storey height. Incidentally, since the room wall 200 refurbished according to the second embodiment corresponds to the room wall 100 refurbished according to the first embodiment, reference is made to the description thereof.

Bei der in Fig. 3 gezeigten gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsforin des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sanierten Raumwandung 300 erstrecken sich vier Schlitze 324, 326, 328, 330 in horizontaler Richtung zwischen den Außenwänden 310, 312 über die gesamte Breite einer der beiden Schalen 302 einer doppelschaligen Trennwand eines Doppelhauses. Wie bei den zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsformen erstrecken sich die Schlitze wiederum über etwa 50 % der Wandstärke der ersten Schale 302. Die Schlitze 324, 326, 328, 330 sind wiederum in Tiefenrichtung zu einer Luftfuge (nicht gezeigt) hin offen, so daß ein insgesamt verstimmtes Schwingungssystem aus einer ersten Schale 302 und einer zweiten Schale (nicht gezeigt) gebildet wird.At the in Fig. 3 shown in a third Ausführungsforin of the inventive method rehabilitated room wall 300 four slots 324, 326, 328, 330 extend in the horizontal direction between the outer walls 310, 312 over the entire width of one of the two shells 302 a double-shell partition of a duplex. Again, as in the previously described embodiments, the slots extend over about 50% of the wall thickness of the first shell 302. The slots 324, 326, 328, 330 are in turn open in the depth direction to an air gap (not shown) so that a generally detuned Vibration system of a first shell 302 and a second shell (not shown) is formed.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sanierte Raumwandung 500, die in einem Reihen- oder Mehrfamilienhaus ausgebildet ist, welches zunächst konventionell errichtet worden ist. Zwischen einer ersten Schale 502 aus Ortbeton und einer zweiten Schale 504 aus Ortbeton befindet sich eine Luftfuge 518, welche das gesamte Gebäude durchtrennt. In der ersten Schale ist in einem Sanierungsverfahren ein Schlitz 552 durch Sägen mittels einer Diamantsäge ausgebildet worden, welche sich in Tiefenrichtung über etwa 60 der Wandstärke der ersten Schale 502 verläuft. Um den Schlitz 522 abzudecken und eine optisch ansprechende Sichtseite 532 zur Verfügung zu stellen, ist eine Putzschicht 554 auf der Wand angebracht, welche im Bereich des Schlitzes 522 von einem Gewebeband, insbesondere einen Gittex-Gewebe aus Glasfaser mit einer Maschenweite vom 5 mm abgestützt wird. Durch den Schlitz 552 ist die erste Schale 502 etwa im Verhältnis 2 zu 3 in zwei akustische Teilschalen unterteilt, die ein Gegenüber der zweiten Schale 404 abweichendes Schwindungsverhalten zeigen. Fig. 5 shows a rehabilitated according to a fourth embodiment of a method according to the invention room wall 500, which is formed in a row or apartment building, which has been initially established conventionally. Between a first shell 502 of in-situ concrete and a second shell 504 of in-situ concrete is an air gap 518, which cuts through the entire building. In the first shell, in a refurbishment process, a slot 552 has been formed by sawing by means of a diamond saw, which extends in the depth direction over about 60 of the wall thickness of the first shell 502. To cover the slot 522 and provide a visually appealing viewing side 532, a plaster layer 554 is mounted on the wall, which in the region of the slot 522 of a Tissue band, in particular a Gittex fiberglass fabric with a mesh size of 5 mm is supported. Through the slot 552, the first shell 502 is divided approximately in a ratio of 2 to 3 into two acoustic partial shells, which show a deviating from the second shell 404 shrinkage behavior.

Wenn sich ein Schlitz. 552, wie in Fig. 5 gezeigt bis zur Sichtseite einer der Schalen 502 erstreckt und dementsprechend mit einem Putz 554 abgedeckt ist, kann es vorteilhaft sein, anstelle eines Gewebebandes einen dauerelastischen Verschlußkörper 801 vorzugsweise eine Art Dichtschnur zu verwenden, welcher den Schlitz 552 zur Sichtseite hin abschließt und dadurch eine Unterlage für den Putz 554 bildet, wie in Fig. 6 dargestellt.When there is a slot. 552, as in Fig. 5 shown extends to the visible side of one of the shells 502 and is accordingly covered with a plaster 554, it may be advantageous to use instead of a fabric tape a permanently elastic closure body 801 preferably a kind of sealing cord which closes the slot 552 to the visible side and thereby a pad for make the plaster 554, as in Fig. 6 shown.

Wenn ein Schlitz 552 lediglich gegen das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit, Mikroorganismen oder Ungeziefer geschützt werden soll, ist es gemäß der Erfindung vorteilhaft, einen Verschlußkörper 903 zu verwenden, welcher eine Abdeckleiste 905 und einen elastischen Schlauchabschnitt 907 aufweist, wie in Fig. 7 gezeigt. Der elastische Schlauchabschnitt 907 wird dann so in den Schlitz 552 hinein gedrückt, daß er allein aufgrund seiner Reibung an den Wandungen des Schlitzes mit der Schale 502 verbunden ist und dadurch die Abdeckleiste 905 den Schlitz 552 abdeckend hält.If a slot 552 is to be protected only against the ingress of moisture, microorganisms or vermin, it is advantageous according to the invention to use a closure body 903, which has a cover strip 905 and an elastic tube section 907, as in Fig. 7 shown. The elastic tube portion 907 is then pressed into the slot 552 so as to be connected to the shell 502 solely due to its friction on the walls of the slot, thereby keeping the cover strip 905 covering the slot 552.

Zur Füllung der Schlitze sind ferner Mineralwolle, Streifen mit Selbstklebebeschichtung, Lufttaschenfolien mit und ohne Klebestreifen, Kunststoffschäume, insbesondere Polyuxethanschäume und extrudierte Styroporstreifen, dauerelastische Schaumstoffe und Filze im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendbar.For filling the slots mineral wool, strips with self-adhesive coating, air pocket films with and without adhesive strips, plastic foams, in particular Polyuxethanschäume and extruded polystyrene strips, permanently elastic foams and felts are also used in the invention.

Fig. 8 zeigt ein auf einer Schale 1602 angeordnetes Raster von Anregungspunkten 1655, an denen eine Schale 1602 mit einem Impulshammer bei der Durchführung der Analyse gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens der Schallausbreitung über eine erste und eine zweite Schale in Gebäuden angeregt wird. An einem mit dem Bezugszeichen 1657 bezeichneten Meßpunkt werden die Schwingungen der Schale 1602 aufgezeichnet. Die Anregungspunkte 1655 liegen zu dem jeweils benachbarten Anregunspunkt bzw. zum Rand der Wand in einem Abstand der sich nach der Formel Abstand = Wandlänge / Anzahl der Meßpunkte + 1 bzw. Abstand = Wandhöhe / Anzahl der Meßpunkte + 1 bestimmt. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren feststellbare Meßkurven sind in den Fig. 9 und 10 gezeigt, wobei in Fig. 9 ein verstimmtes Schwingungssystem aus einer ersten, Schlitze aufweisenden Schale und einer zweiten, Schlitze nicht aufweisenden Schale eingetragen ist. Die beiden Kurven weichen hinsichtlich der Lage ihrer Maxima deutlich von einander ab, woraus erkennbar ist, daß eine Schallübertragung von der ersten auf die zweite Schale und umgekehrt gedämpft wird. Fig. 8 shows a arranged on a shell 1602 grid of excitation points 1655 at which a shell 1602 is excited with a pulse hammer in performing the analysis according to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention of sound propagation through a first and a second shell in buildings. At a measuring point designated by the reference numeral 1657, the vibrations of the shell 1602 are recorded. The excitation points 1655 are located at the respectively adjacent excitation point or at the edge of the wall at a distance which is determined by the formula distance = wall length / number of measuring points + 1 or distance = wall height / number of measuring points + 1. In the method according to the invention detectable measuring curves are in the Fig. 9 and 10 shown in FIG Fig. 9 a detuned vibration system of a first, slot-containing shell and a second, not having slots shell is registered. The two curves differ significantly with respect to the position of their maxima from each other, from which it can be seen that a sound transmission from the first to the second shell and vice versa is attenuated.

Fig. 10 zeigt gemäß Kurven zweier identischer Schalen. Die nahezu identische Lage der Maxima zeigt, daß sich Schall von ersten Schale auf die zweite Schale sehr leicht überträgt. Die Abweichungen der Meßkurven resultieren lediglich aus zufälligen, der Ungenauigkeit beim Bauen geschuldeten Abweichungen zwischen den Schalen. Fig. 10 shows according to curves of two identical shells. The almost identical position of the maxima shows that sound transfers very easily from the first shell to the second shell. The deviations of the measurement curves result only from accidental, due to the inaccuracy in building deviations between the shells.

Bei Schalen aus Porenbeton, die insbesondere aus Steinen oder Wandelementen aufgebaut sind, haben sich insbesondere folgende Kombinationen aus Druckfestigkeitsklasse und Rohdichte als vorteilhaft erwiesen: P4/07, P4/06, P4/055, P2/035, P2/05, P2/0,7, P2/0,8. Die Schalen sollten mindestens eine Wandstärke von 100 mm aufweisen, insbesondere 175 mm oder 190 mm.In the case of shells made of aerated concrete, which are constructed in particular of bricks or wall elements, the following combinations of compressive strength class and apparent density in particular have proved to be advantageous: P4 / 07, P4 / 06, P4 / 055, P2 / 035, P2 / 05, P2 / 0 , 7, P2 / 0.8. The shells should have at least a wall thickness of 100 mm, in particular 175 mm or 190 mm.

Wenn die Schlitze in Wandtafeln aus Beton insbesondere mit einer Wandstärke von 110 mm ausgebildet sein sollen, sollte dieser eine Rohdichte von mindestens 2,0 kg/dm3, insbesondere 2,3 kg/dm3 aufweisen. Die Erfindung läßt sich auch bei der Verwendung von Ortbeton auf der Baustelle realisieren, vorzugsweise dadurch, daß in die Schalung zunächst Rippen eingebracht werden, die nach dem Aushärten des Beton entfernt werden. Bei der Realisation in Decken sind insbesondere Filigrandecken und Betondecken auf die genannten Weisen mit mindestens einem Schlitz zu versehen.If the slots are to be formed in wall panels made of concrete, in particular with a wall thickness of 110 mm, this should have a density of at least 2.0 kg / dm3, in particular 2.3 kg / dm3. The invention can also be realized in the use of in-situ concrete on the construction site, preferably in that first ribs are introduced into the formwork, which are removed after curing of the concrete. In the realization in ceilings filigree ceilings and concrete ceilings are in the aforementioned ways with at least one slot to provide.

Bei einer Wandung mit einer ersten Schale und einer zweiten Schale, die jeweils aus Porenbeton gefertigt sind und eine Wandstärke von 175 mm mit einer dazwischen liegenden Fuge von 50 mm aufweist, läßt sich durch einen sich über die halbe Wandstärke einer der Schalen erstreckenden Schlitz, der unverfugt ist, eine Schalldämmung von Rw(dB) = 70,3 erreichen, was einer Verbesserung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik ohne Schlitz in einer der Schalen von 3,2 dB entspricht.In a wall with a first shell and a second shell, which are each made of cellular concrete and has a wall thickness of 175 mm with an intermediate gap of 50 mm, can be achieved by over half the wall thickness of one of the shells extending slot is unrestrained, achieving a sound reduction of Rw (dB) = 70.3, which corresponds to an improvement over the prior art without a slot in one of the shells of 3.2 dB.

Bei einer Wandung mit einer ersten Schale und einer zweiten Schale, die jeweils aus Porenbeton gefertigt sind und eine Wandstärke von 175 mm mit einer dazwischen liegenden Fuge von 70 mm aufweist, läßt sich durch einen durch die gesamte Wand durchgehenden Schlitz, der elastisch verfugt ist, eine Schalldämmung von Rw(dB) = 74,4 erreichen.In a wall with a first shell and a second shell, which are each made of cellular concrete and has a wall thickness of 175 mm with an intermediate gap of 70 mm, can be achieved by a continuous through the entire wall slot which is grouted elastically, achieve a sound reduction of R w (dB) = 74.4.

Wenn die Fuge zwischen den zuvor beschriebenen Schalen eine Breite von 50 mm aufweist, beträgt Schalldämmung Rw(dB) = 74,1 erreichen, was einer Verbesserung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik bei der genannten Fugenbreite ohne Schlitz in einer der Schalen von 7,0 dB entsprichtIf the gap between the shells described above has a width of 50 mm, the sound insulation R w (dB) = 74.1, which is an improvement over the prior art at said gap width without slot in one of the shells of 7.0 dB corresponds

Bei dem gleichen Schalenaufbau, jedoch mit überputztem Schlitz, beträgt die Schalldämmung Rw(dB) = 70,8.With the same shell construction, but with a plastered slot, the sound insulation R w (dB) = 70.8.

Alle zuvor beschriebenen, mit Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sanierten Wandungen mit einer, durch mindestens einen vertikalen Schlitz in ihrem Schwingungsverhalten beeinflußten Schale erfüllen die Anforderungen an einen erhöhten Schallschutz von Rw(dB) > 67,0 dB.All walls described above, which have been renovated with embodiments of a method according to the invention, have a shell which is influenced by at least one vertical slot in its vibration behavior and meet the requirements for increased noise protection of Rw (dB)> 67.0 dB.

Die gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sanierte Raumwandung 1900 weist eine erste Schale 1902, eine zweite Schale 1904 sowie eine dritte Schale 1905 auf, die in einem Kreuz-Stoß aufeinander treffen. Dabei ist die zweite Schale 1904 durchlaufend ausgebildet, wohingegen die erste Schale 1902 und die dritte Schale 1905 gegen die zweite Schale 1904 stoßen. In der ersten Schale 1902 wird ein Schlitz 1992 ausgebildet, der sich über die gesamte Höhe der Schale erstreckt. In Tiefenrichtung erstreckt sich dieser etwa über vierzig Prozent der Wandstärke der ersten Schale 109.The renovated according to a fifth embodiment of the inventive method room wall 1900 has a first shell 1902, a second shell 1904 and a third shell 1905, which meet in a cross-impact on each other. In this case, the second shell 1904 is continuous, whereas the first shell 1902 and the third shell 1905 abut against the second shell 1904. In the first shell 1902, a slot 1992 is formed, which extends over the entire height of the shell. In the depth direction, this extends over about forty percent of the wall thickness of the first shell 109th

Die in Figur 12 gezeigte, gemäß einer sechsten Ausführungsform erfindungsgemäß sanierte Raumwandung 1920 weist eine erste Schale 1922 und eine zweite Schale 1924 auf, die in einem T-Stoß miteinander verbunden sind. Schlitze 1993, 1994 in der ersten und in der zweiten Schale zerlegen die jeweilige Schale in Teilschalen, wodurch die gesamte Raumwandung 1920 ein verstimmtes System darstellt.In the FIG. 12 shown, according to a sixth embodiment according to the invention refurbished room wall 1920 has a first shell 1922 and a second shell 1924, which are connected to each other in a T-joint. Slots 1993, 1994 in the first and in the second shell disassemble the respective shell into partial shells, whereby the entire room wall 1920 represents a detuned system.

Figur13 zeigt eine gemäß einer siebten Ausführungsform sanierte Raumwandung 1930, bei der eine erste Schale 1932 und eine zweite Schale 1934 ein verstimmtes Schwingungssystem bilden. Während die Schalen 1932 und 1934 eine Gebäudeseitenwand sind, ist die Schale 1936 eine Geschossdecke, die auf der Schale 1934 aufliegt. In der ersten Schale 1932 wird ein Schlitz 1995 ausgebildet, um die erste Schale 1932 gegenüber der zweiten Schale 1934 zu verstimmen. Die gezeigten Schalen 1932 und 1934 bestehen aus Porenbeton P2/035 mit einer Wandstärke von 36,5 cm oder Porenbeton P2/0,4 mit einer Wandstärke von 30 cm. Die Decke 1935 ist mit einer Wandstärke von 18 cm aus Stahlbeton hergestellt, wobei die Rohdichte 2,3 kg/dm3 beträgt. Es hat sich bei der fünften bis siebten Ausführungsform gezeigt, daß der Schlitz, obwohl er keine körperliche Trennung von Schalen darstellt, die Ausbreitung von Körperschall dämpft. Figur13 shows a renovated according to a seventh embodiment, the room wall 1930, in which a first shell 1932 and a second shell 1934 form a detuned vibration system. While the trays 1932 and 1934 are a building side wall, the tray 1936 is a floor slab that rests on the tray 1934. In the In the first shell 1932, a slot 1995 is formed to detune the first shell 1932 from the second shell 1934. The shells 1932 and 1934 shown consist of aerated concrete P2 / 035 with a wall thickness of 36.5 cm or aerated P2 / 0.4 with a wall thickness of 30 cm. The ceiling 1935 is made of reinforced concrete with a wall thickness of 18 cm, with a density of 2.3 kg / dm 3 . It has been found in the fifth to seventh embodiments that the slot, although not a physical separation of shells, dampens the propagation of structure-borne noise.

In Figur 14 ist ein erfindungsgemäß verwendetes Werkzeug 5000 zur Erzeugung von Schlitzen gezeigt. Dieses Werkzeug, welches nach Art einer handgeführten Kettensäge aufgebaut ist, weist eine Antriebseinheit 5002 sowie eine von der Antriebseinheit 5002 angetriebene Schneidkette 5004 auf, welche um ein Führungsblatt 5006 geführt ist. Um bei der Erzeugung von Schlitzen gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Wandsanierung Schlitze mit einer definierten Tiefe bis 200 mm erzeugen zu können, ist ein Tiefenanschlag 5008 vorgesehen, welcher in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles X verstellbar ist und gegenüber dem Führungsblatt 5006 mittels einer Arretiervorrichtung 5010 festgestellt werden kann. Der Tiefenanschlag 5008 weist eine gekrümmte Kontur auf, um bei einem Schwenken des Werkzeuges 5000 in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles Y eine gleichmäßige Tiefe zu gewährleisten. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass das erfindungsgemäßverwendete Werkzeug insbesondere bei der Anwendung auf Porenbeton vorteilhaft ist, da die Kette 5004 nicht nur eine ausreichende Schlitzbreite von etwa 10 mm erzeugt, sondern zudem auch bei der Erzeugung des Schlitzes gelöstes Material einer Schale sicher aus dem Schlitz ausfördert.In FIG. 14 For example, a tool 5000 used in the invention for generating slots is shown. This tool, which is constructed in the manner of a hand-held chain saw, has a drive unit 5002 and a driven by the drive unit 5002 cutting chain 5004, which is guided around a guide sheet 5006. In order to be able to produce slots with a defined depth of up to 200 mm in the production of slots according to the method according to the invention for wall renovation, a depth stop 5008 is provided, which is adjustable in the direction of the double arrow X and can be detected relative to the guide sheet 5006 by means of a locking device 5010 , The depth stop 5008 has a curved contour to ensure a uniform depth when pivoting the tool 5000 in the direction of the double arrow Y. It has been found that the tool used according to the invention is particularly advantageous when applied to aerated concrete, since the chain 5004 not only produces a sufficient slot width of about 10 mm, but also reliably removes material from a shell dissolved in the production of the slot from the slot ,

Bei der gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens durchgeführten Analyse der Schallausbreitung werden vorzugsweise mit einem Akustik-Analysator der Firma Larson Davis Typ 2900 die Schalen gemessen. Dazu gehe man wie folgt vor:

  1. 1. Lege auf der Wandschale einen Aufnahmepunkt und ein vorzugsweise regelmäßiges Gitter von 3x3 oder 4x4 Anregepunkten fest.
  2. 2. Schließe Beschleunigungsaufnehmer und Impulshammer an 15 den Akustik Analysator, Typ Larson Davis 2900 an.
  3. 3. Setze den Beschleunigungsaufnehmer (Accelerometer) auf den Aufnahmepunkt.
  4. 4. Rege die Wandschale mit einem kurzen Schlag mit dem Impulshammer am ersten Anregepunkt an.
  5. 5. Wiederhole Schritt 4 z. B. 8 mal und mittele die Messungen.
  6. 6. Speichere die so gewonnene Transferfunktion.
  7. 7. Wiederhole die Schritte 4. bis 6. für jeden Anregepunkt.
In accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention carried out analysis of the sound propagation preferably with an acoustic analyzer from Larson Davis type 2900 the trays are measured. To do this, proceed as follows:
  1. 1. Fix a pick-up point and a preferably regular grid of 3x3 or 4x4 pick-up points on the wall shell.
  2. 2. Connect Accelerometer and Impact Hammer to the Acoustic Analyzer, Type Larson Davis 2900.
  3. 3. Place the accelerometer (accelerometer) on the pick-up point.
  4. 4. Start the wall bowl with a short blow with the impulse hammer at the first stimulation point.
  5. 5. Repeat step 4 eg. B. 8 times and average the measurements.
  6. 6. Save the transfer function obtained in this way.
  7. 7. Repeat steps 4-6 for each stimulation point.

Anschließend erfolgt die energetische Mittelung der Transferfunktionen. Die Transferfunktion (auch Übertragungsfunktion) ist das Verhältnis von Reaktion zu auslösender Kraft in Amplitude und Phase in Frequenzdarstellung (im Gegensatz zur Zeitdarstellung). Die Reaktion kann Weg, Schnelle oder Beschleunigung sein. Schnelle ist üblich. Vorzugsweise wird die Beschleunigung verwendet. Die Transferfunktion wird in dB, also als Logarithmus des Verhältnisses angegeben. Energetische Mittelung bedeutet nicht das arithmetische Mittel der dB-Werte zu verwenden, sondern die Zahlenwerte zu Potenzieren, arithmetisch zu mitteln und dann wieder durch logarithmieren einen dB-Wert daraus zu bilden.Subsequently, the energetic averaging of the transfer functions takes place. The transfer function (also transfer function) is the ratio of reaction to triggering force in amplitude and phase in frequency representation (in contrast to time representation). The reaction can be path, fast or acceleration. Fast is common. Preferably, the acceleration is used. The transfer function is given in dB, ie as the logarithm of the ratio. Energetic averaging does not mean using the arithmetic mean of the dB values, but rather arithmetically averaging the numerical values and then logarithmizing them to form a dB value out of them.

Beispiel:Example:

10 dB, 20 dB, 15 dB und 100 dB.
Arithmetischer Mittelwert = (10+20+15+100)/4 = 3610 dB, 20 dB, 15 dB and 100 dB.
Arithmetic mean = (10 + 20 + 15 + 100) / 4 = 36

Energetisches Mittel: ca. 94 dBEnergetic means: approx. 94 dB

Die Transferfunktionen können einer Modalanalyse unterzogen werden. Dies geschieht vorzugsweise mittels einer Software.The transfer functions can be subjected to a modal analysis. This is preferably done by means of software.

Vorläufer ist die Schwingungsformanalyse. Dabei wird einfach die Bewegung der Schale bei einer fixierten frei wählbaren Frequenz grafisch dargestellt (Amplitude übertrieben und in Zeitlupe).Precursor is the vibration analysis. It simply graphs the movement of the shell at a fixed, freely selectable frequency (amplitude exaggerated and in slow motion).

Bei der Modalanalyse wird den in den Transferfunktionen feststellbaren Resonanzfrequenzen die jeweilige Mode zugeordnet. Diese lassen dann wie oben beschrieben erkennen, ob die erfindungsgemäße Wandsanierung möglich ist.In the modal analysis, the respective modes are assigned to the resonant frequencies detectable in the transfer functions. These can then be recognized as described above, whether the wall renovation according to the invention is possible.

Claims (16)

  1. Wall-restoring method for restoring a room wall of a building comprising a first shell (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) and a second shell (104, 504, 604, 804) distanced from the first shell and arranged opposite and running substantially parallel thereto, and comprising an air gap (118, 818) which is provided between the first and the second shell and is configured so as to be closed off against the environment, or comprising a first shell (1902, 1922, 1932) and a second shell (1904, 1924, 1934) which are arranged running transversely to each other, in particular substantially at right angles to each other, wherein the first and the second shell form at least in sections a vibration system consisting of a first and a second vibration body of, prior to the wall restoration, substantially the same vibration behaviour, and wherein in the first shell, in its surface, at least one slit (124, 126, 128, 130, 224, 226, 228, 230, 324, 326, 328, 330, 442, 552, 662, 772, 882, 1992, 1993, 1995) is configured, which forms a disturbance zone influencing the vibration behaviour, so that the two shells vibrate with different resonance frequencies and are acoustically detuned relative to each other.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a room wall is restored, the first and second shells of which are produced with substantially the same wall thickness from the same material, in particular from a mineral construction material or artificial stone, in particular as a respectively one piece wall element made of cellular concrete.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 and/or 2, characterized in that the slit is configured such that, in a section transversely thereto, it is delimited at its side walls by the material of the wall former, in particular by the material of wall building blocks.
  4. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one slit is configured such that it is open in the direction of the joint formed between the shells.
  5. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one slit is configured such that the shell provided with at least one slit is of smooth configuration on the room side lying opposite the joint.
  6. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one slit is configured such that it extends at least over 1/9 of the thickness of the first shell, preferably over 40 to 60%, in particular 50%, of the thickness of the first shell.
  7. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one slit is configured with a width of at least 1 mm, preferably 5 to 50 mm, in particular 10 mm.
  8. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one slit is configured with a length which in vertical extent corresponds to the height between floors, in horizontal extent corresponds to the wall length, so that the first shell, in which the at least one slit is configured, is acoustically divided into two or - in the case of a plurality of slits - more shells, the vibration characteristics of which markedly differ from those of the non-slitted shell, the slit preferably, as a result of an asymmetrical position, dividing a shell, where possible, into two differing acoustic part-shells in order to minimize the interaction between the acoustic part-shells.
  9. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one slit is at least partially, preferably wholly filled with a vibration-elastic material, in particular with a sealing compound.
  10. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one slit is covered with a gauze and/or with a layer of plaster (554, 664).
  11. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a plurality of slits are configured in the first shell.
  12. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the slit is configured at a distance from the edge of the first shell.
  13. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a room wall is restored, which has substantially identical shells or wall halves.
  14. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that a room wall is restored, the first and second shell of which are produced from the same material.
  15. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, for the configuration of a slit, a tool having a cutting chain is used, which tool has a depth stop (5008) with which slit depths up to 200 mm can be set.
  16. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, prior to the formation of the at least one slit, the sound propagation over the first and second shells is analysed by
    a) the positioning of an acceleration pick-up at a measuring point of a first shell,
    b) the creation of an excitation at at least one excitation point of the first shell,
    c) the determination of the transfer function or the modals,
    d) the positioning of an acceleration pick-up at a measuring point of a second shell,
    e) the creation of an excitation at at least one excitation point of the second shell,
    f) the determination of the transfer function or the modals,
    g) the mutual comparison of the transfer function or modals established in steps c) and f).
EP04002320A 2003-02-26 2004-02-03 Method for renewing a room wall of a building Expired - Lifetime EP1452656B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10308503 2003-02-26
DE10308503A DE10308503B4 (en) 2003-02-26 2003-02-26 Clamshell wall of a building and method of improving the sound insulation of double-walled walls

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1452656A2 EP1452656A2 (en) 2004-09-01
EP1452656A3 EP1452656A3 (en) 2006-01-04
EP1452656B1 true EP1452656B1 (en) 2008-09-17

Family

ID=32748081

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04002320A Expired - Lifetime EP1452656B1 (en) 2003-02-26 2004-02-03 Method for renewing a room wall of a building

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1452656B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE408735T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10308503B4 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1554180A (en) * 1924-10-10 1925-09-15 Dahlberg & Company Sound-absorbing board for walls and ceilings
GB692709A (en) * 1949-04-12 1953-06-10 Charles Bourgeois Improvements in or relating to sound-absorbing panels
EP0743735A2 (en) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-20 Gemini-Area-Hausbau Gmbh Bundling arrangement for feeding lines in a building

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1379057A (en) * 1963-10-10 1964-11-20 curtain wall support elements for building construction, and method for their assembly
AT352957B (en) * 1975-12-12 1979-10-25 Katzenberger Helmut SOUND BARRIER
US4071989A (en) * 1976-01-19 1978-02-07 Warren Insulated Bloc, Inc. Sound insulative masonry block
AT390630B (en) * 1984-11-09 1990-06-11 Anzinger Erwin Block for constructing sound-insulating partition walls
DE3938728A1 (en) * 1989-11-23 1991-05-29 Hans Wegewitz Window-frame cutting out equipment - uses chain-saw coupled via depth stop and slide to guide rail clamped to frame
ATE103525T1 (en) * 1990-02-14 1994-04-15 Hazet Werk Zerver Hermann KNIVES FOR INTERCHANGEABLE KNIFE BLADES.
DE9116233U1 (en) * 1991-04-10 1992-06-17 VEGLA Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH, 5100 Aachen Sound-absorbing glazing
DE10125190A1 (en) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Poroton Gmbh Fuer Werbung Und Resonator block, for wall, ceiling floor, forming part of a building, has air-filled void with lightweight resonator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1554180A (en) * 1924-10-10 1925-09-15 Dahlberg & Company Sound-absorbing board for walls and ceilings
GB692709A (en) * 1949-04-12 1953-06-10 Charles Bourgeois Improvements in or relating to sound-absorbing panels
EP0743735A2 (en) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-20 Gemini-Area-Hausbau Gmbh Bundling arrangement for feeding lines in a building

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1452656A3 (en) 2006-01-04
EP1452656A2 (en) 2004-09-01
ATE408735T1 (en) 2008-10-15
DE10308503B4 (en) 2007-01-25
DE10308503A1 (en) 2004-09-23
DE502004008062D1 (en) 2008-10-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2360519A1 (en) SOUND PROTECTION WALL ELEMENT
DE10214778A1 (en) Sound-absorbing panel includes membrane plate penetrated by perforations
DE1422020A1 (en) Plate or the like. of high acoustic dampening effect
DE69727448T2 (en) Acoustic isolator panel
EP3455427B1 (en) Sound absorber arrangement and sound-damped room
EP2728082B1 (en) Multi-layer brick and method for its production
AT515271B1 (en) Sound damping element
EP1452656B1 (en) Method for renewing a room wall of a building
DE19813543C2 (en) Structure-borne sound-absorbing insulation board and double-shell component containing such an insulation board
EP0171691A2 (en) Sound insulation element, constructional element, inset, wall block, finished building fabric, partition wall
WO2006119964A2 (en) Sound absorbing component
DE202004021586U1 (en) Ziegelmanteldämmplatte
EP3543414B1 (en) Natural fibre insulation, building part with the natural fibre insulation and use of the natural fibre insulation
DE3631257C2 (en) Component for soundproof walls
DE19607895C2 (en) Soundproofing board and soundproofing cladding with a soundproofing board
DE19607896C2 (en) Shell made of plastic foam, in particular polystyrene foam, of a lost formwork for erecting concrete walls
DE20112669U1 (en) Sound absorbing panel
DE841496C (en) Sound absorbing component
EP3555370B1 (en) Sound-absorbing construction component having extinguishing profiles and sound protection wall
LU102728B1 (en) Ceiling element
AT399187B (en) SOUND-INSULATING BUILDING WALL AND BRICK FOR USE IN SUCH
DE102010012202A1 (en) Partition wall element for use in partition wall, particularly for mobile partition wall, comprises internal layer, which runs in extension level that has frame structure, and external layer, which runs corresponding to frame structure
EP0562589B1 (en) Shuttering element of foamed thermosetting synthetics material for the concrete shell construction method
EP1264943B1 (en) Wall, ceiling and sound proofing element
EP1197616A1 (en) Lost shuttering for a lintel

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20060224

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AXX Extension fees paid

Extension state: LT

Payment date: 20040210

Extension state: LV

Payment date: 20040210

Extension state: MK

Payment date: 20040210

Extension state: AL

Payment date: 20040210

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20060608

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: XELLA BAUSTOFFE GMBH

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RTI1 Title (correction)

Free format text: METHOD FOR RENEWING A ROOM WALL OF A BUILDING

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502004008062

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20081030

Kind code of ref document: P

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20080917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090217

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20090618

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090228

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20090203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090228

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090228

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20091030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090302

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081218

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090318

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20221213

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20230105

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20230111

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20230109

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230418

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 502004008062

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MK

Effective date: 20240202

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MK

Effective date: 20240203

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MK4A

Ref document number: E 4752

Country of ref document: SK

Expiry date: 20240203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20240203

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20240203