EP1437460A1 - Verstärkung von Mauerwerkstrukturen - Google Patents
Verstärkung von Mauerwerkstrukturen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1437460A1 EP1437460A1 EP20040250084 EP04250084A EP1437460A1 EP 1437460 A1 EP1437460 A1 EP 1437460A1 EP 20040250084 EP20040250084 EP 20040250084 EP 04250084 A EP04250084 A EP 04250084A EP 1437460 A1 EP1437460 A1 EP 1437460A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reinforcing member
- masonry
- holes
- reinforcing
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 breeze blocks Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C2003/023—Lintels
Definitions
- the invention relates to the reinforcement of masonry structures and particularly but not exclusively to the reinforcement of masonry over window and door openings.
- masonry was supported over window and door openings by forming an arch or, in order to reduce costs, by inserting wood, steel or stone beams in the form of lintels over the openings.
- angled lintels or flat plate lintels were generally inserted into the brickwork, these consisting of elongate lengths of supporting material.
- the lintel rested on brickwork piers provided at each side of the window, the load from the brickwork above being transferred by the lintel onto those piers. This technique may also be used to reinforce arches.
- the above lintels have a tendency to fail.
- the flat plate inherently lacks vertical stiffness and may bend under the load imposed by the masonry.
- Angled lintels are stronger as they include a flat lower plate and an additional plate located at right angles to the lower plate. However, unless the vertical part of the angle is screwed to the inner leaf of a wall, the lintel may twist, allowing the bricks to move and cracks to appear in the brickwork over the opening.
- a method of reinforcing a masonry structure including the steps of:
- substantially the whole of the elongate reinforcing member is inserted into the structure.
- the masonry structure is an existing structure. However, it may comprise a new build.
- the masonry elements may be, for example, bricks, breeze blocks, stone blocks, etc.
- the method comprises reinforcing a masonry structure above a weakened area or an opening such as a door or window opening.
- the weakened area may be an existing weakened area.
- the length of the beam so formed is such that it extends beyond the weakened area or opening on both sides, such that its ends rest on sound masonry.
- the beam so formed is substantially horizontal.
- the slot is preferably substantially horizontal and may be formed at least partially in mortar between masonry elements.
- the reinforcing member includes a substantially planar plate member which is inserted into the masonry structure.
- the reinforcing member is made of a material which is strong in tension.
- the reinforcing member may be made of metal, for example steel.
- the width of the reinforcing member is at least 20mm and preferably about 30mm and the thickness is at least 2mm and preferably between 3 and 4mm.
- the reinforcing member includes a plurality of holes passing therethrough and the reinforcing member is secured to the masonry structure by means of securing elements passing through the holes.
- FIG. 1 there is illustrated a masonry structure 10 made up of bricks 11 and provided with a window opening 12 therein.
- a window frame 13 is located within the opening 12 (see Figs. 2 and 3 which illustrate two alternative arrangements).
- the masonry structure 10 has been reinforced using a method according to the invention.
- a reinforcing member in the form of a flat plate 14 has been inserted into a horizontal elongate groove 16 provided in the masonry structure.
- the groove 16 is provided partly in a bed joint 18. If the bed joint is too high (as on the right hand side of the window opening 12), a slot 17 is cut into the brickwork (see brick 11 a).
- the flat plate 14 is inserted into the groove 16 such that it lies in a generally horizontal plane.
- the flat plate 14 may be positioned next to the window frame 13, as in Fig. 2, if there is sufficient room. If the window frame obstructs this positioning, a bottom corner 15 of a brick (see brick 11 b in Fig. 3) may be cut away.
- the flat plate may be inserted with the window in position.
- the window could be removed first, with the brickwork temporarily propped.
- the flat plate 14 is illustrated in more detail in Fig. 4.
- the flat plate is planar and has a length which is chosen such that it is greater than the length of the window opening.
- the width of the flat plate 14 is typically around 30mm and its thickness is typically 3 or 4 mm.
- the holes 22 in the flat plate 14 are preferably positioned under the centres of the bricks.
- securing elements in the form of stainless steel screws 22 are screwed through the holes 20 into the bricks 11 above the flat plate 14, directly above the window opening 12.
- holes for the screws may be drilled initially and plastic plugs 26 inserted therein to receive the screws 22.
- a bonding resin may be used to hold the screws 22 in place.
- the flat plate 14 may be put into position first and holes drilled subsequently into the bricks 11 above, using the holes 20 as guides.
- the screws 22 are inserted at a slight angle to the vertical, for ease of insertion.
- the screws hold the plate 14 firmly in position and prevent any sideways movement. If sideways movement did take place, the plate 14 and the bricks 11 above would no longer effectively form a composite unit, the plate would bend and a beam would not be formed.
- the invention is particularly applicable where there are only a few courses of bricks, for example up to about five or six above the opening. However, if there are greater numbers of courses above the opening, the screws 22 may be extended to encompass two or more layers of bricks thus forming a stronger beam which could support a greater load of brickwork above.
- the holes may be more numerous towards the outer edges of the flat plate 14 in order to ensure that the flat plate works in tension.
- the grooves or holes into which the ends of the flat plate are inserted are filled with mortar to ensure that there is no movement of the plate ends.
- the above described preferred embodiment thus provides an improved method of reinforcing a masonry structure, which is safe, convenient and economical.
- the method is preferably used to reinforce an existing structure. However, it could also be used for new build structures. In this case the brickwork would normally be constructed and the plate fitted before the windows/doors were fitted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Door And Window Frames Mounted To Openings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0300623.6A GB0300623D0 (en) | 2003-01-11 | 2003-01-11 | Reinforcement of masonry structures |
GB0300623 | 2003-01-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1437460A1 true EP1437460A1 (de) | 2004-07-14 |
EP1437460B1 EP1437460B1 (de) | 2006-12-13 |
Family
ID=9950983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04250084A Expired - Lifetime EP1437460B1 (de) | 2003-01-11 | 2004-01-09 | Verstärkungsverfahren einer Mauerwerkstrukture |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1437460B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE348232T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE602004003594T2 (de) |
GB (2) | GB0300623D0 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104405139A (zh) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-11 | 西南科技大学 | 石砌墙体加固方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103470064A (zh) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-25 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | 一种框架填充墙洞口加大的结构 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2249120A (en) * | 1991-01-26 | 1992-04-29 | Executive Insulation | Structural repair process |
GB2271601A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-20 | Clifford Latchford | Propless lintel |
WO1995007400A1 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 1995-03-16 | William George Edscer | Method for reinforcing a cavity wall |
FR2786216A1 (fr) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-05-26 | Betag Bureau D Etudes Tech Ame | Procede de reparation ou de renforcement de structures en beton arme existantes |
GB2374096A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-09 | Brian Tellum | Facade for remedial support lintel |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2131076B (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1986-04-03 | Denis George Mcmahon | Making an opening in a wall |
GB8918282D0 (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1989-09-20 | Priest Dennis | Building methods and equipment |
GB2398338A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-18 | Pam Ties Ltd | Structural reinforcement |
-
2003
- 2003-01-11 GB GBGB0300623.6A patent/GB0300623D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-01-09 GB GB0400365A patent/GB2397089B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-01-09 AT AT04250084T patent/ATE348232T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-01-09 EP EP04250084A patent/EP1437460B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-09 DE DE602004003594T patent/DE602004003594T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2249120A (en) * | 1991-01-26 | 1992-04-29 | Executive Insulation | Structural repair process |
GB2271601A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-20 | Clifford Latchford | Propless lintel |
WO1995007400A1 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 1995-03-16 | William George Edscer | Method for reinforcing a cavity wall |
FR2786216A1 (fr) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-05-26 | Betag Bureau D Etudes Tech Ame | Procede de reparation ou de renforcement de structures en beton arme existantes |
GB2374096A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-09 | Brian Tellum | Facade for remedial support lintel |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104405139A (zh) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-11 | 西南科技大学 | 石砌墙体加固方法 |
CN104405139B (zh) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-01-11 | 西南科技大学 | 石砌墙体加固方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602004003594T2 (de) | 2007-10-25 |
GB2397089B (en) | 2006-03-22 |
GB2397089A (en) | 2004-07-14 |
DE602004003594D1 (de) | 2007-01-25 |
GB0300623D0 (en) | 2003-02-12 |
GB0400365D0 (en) | 2004-02-11 |
EP1437460B1 (de) | 2006-12-13 |
ATE348232T1 (de) | 2007-01-15 |
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