EP1434673B1 - Device and method for splitting wood - Google Patents

Device and method for splitting wood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1434673B1
EP1434673B1 EP02764476A EP02764476A EP1434673B1 EP 1434673 B1 EP1434673 B1 EP 1434673B1 EP 02764476 A EP02764476 A EP 02764476A EP 02764476 A EP02764476 A EP 02764476A EP 1434673 B1 EP1434673 B1 EP 1434673B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
wood
splitting
length
piece
cutting
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EP02764476A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1434673A1 (en
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Ernst Brunner
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for splitting wood according to the preamble of independent claims 1 and 9, respectively. Such devices are used for cutting long pieces of wood and then splitting these pieces of wood.
  • Known devices for splitting pieces of wood that can be attached to a lifting crane consist essentially of a gap arrangement with a splitting blade and an abutment.
  • the piece of wood to be split is picked up by a gripping device and is thus held between the wedge-shaped splitting knife and the counter bearing.
  • the piece of wood to be split must already have a length which is smaller than the distance between the splitting blade and the counter bearing.
  • CH 690 673 a splitting device is described, which can be operated by means of a lifting crane. It allows one rational splitting of pieces of wood.
  • the disadvantage of this device is that only pieces of wood can be processed with a maximum, predetermined by the device length. It is therefore always necessary to bring long pieces of wood on a shorter scale.
  • SU 1 625 697 shows a splitting device with two slit elements displaceable in the axial direction. Approximately in the middle between the gap elements a gripping device is provided consisting of two Greifarmcruen. Between these a Ablelement is then provided. The gap elements can each be moved from a gap position to a rest position.
  • the cutting means is arranged between two gripper arm pairs. Furthermore, the splitting device has a gap element that can be brought into engagement with a piece of wood from one side.
  • a tree trunk is cut to length with the aid of a chain saw.
  • the severed trunk is then driven by a stopper punch against a splitting knife.
  • the trunks are held in respective guides for cutting and splitting.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known, in particular to provide a device and a method for cutting and splitting of wood, which allows a rational, and safe for the user and save energy editing (cutting and splitting) of long pieces of wood ,
  • this object is achieved with a device having the features in claim 1 and with a method having the features in claim 9.
  • An apparatus for cutting and splitting wood with the features of the invention consists essentially of a conveyor for detecting, holding and transporting a piece of wood or wood, a gap arrangement and a Abfnatureffen and a stop means.
  • the conveying means may include at least one gripping device.
  • the cutting means and the stop means can be arranged directly on the conveyor.
  • the stop means allows the user to specify the length of the piece of wood.
  • the abutment means and the Abflindsch can be arranged movably on the conveyor and also be relatively movable.
  • a gap abutment is movably disposed between a nip position in which it abuts an end face of a cut wood portion and a cutoff position in which it does not obstruct or prevent the detection of a wood piece of, for example, a log.
  • the Ableks position thus corresponds to the rest position of the gap abutment.
  • the gap abutment is arranged pivotable about an axis substantially parallel to the working axis. Also conceivable is a movable arrangement of the gap abutment perpendicular to the working axis. This movable embodiment of the gap abutment allows the detection of a piece of wood with the gripping device, without this inclusion is hindered or prevented by the gap abutment.
  • the cutting means is arranged with respect to the working axis between the gripping device and the gap abutment. Due to this arrangement, it is possible to cut down a piece of wood and bring in the following the gap arrangement without a necessary displacement of the resulting wood section in a direction parallel to the working axis in the working position and carry out the cleavage of the wood section.
  • Subsidies means a device for holding, lifting and moving a long piece of wood or a section of wood.
  • a device is for example attached to a crane arm and may consist of a gripping device with a pair of gripper tongs. But it is also conceivable to attach such gripping tongs to a cable of a crane or to use a cable or a lifting surface for lifting the piece of wood.
  • the conveying means is structurally designed such that it can accommodate the gap arrangement, the cutting means and optionally further devices.
  • the term "piece of wood” or “excess length of wood” preferably defines tree trunks, longer tree trunk parts or even long wooden beams which have a greater length than that which can process the gap arrangement used in the invention.
  • wood section are To understand wood pieces, which have a processable for the gap assembly used in the invention length.
  • the gap arrangement preferably consists of at least one splitting blade and an abutment or abutment.
  • the splitting blade and the anvil are arranged movably relative to one another.
  • the counter bearing can also be formed by a splitting blade, so that the wood portion is split from both sides simultaneously.
  • the cutting means is movable between a cutting position in which it is applied to the detected piece of wood to be cut and a gap position in which it does not obstruct the splitting of the piece of wood.
  • the gap position of the cutting means thus corresponds to its rest position.
  • the cutting means is pivotally mounted about an axis substantially parallel to the working axis.
  • the cutting means may be slidably mounted on the conveyor in a direction perpendicular to the working axis.
  • the working axis is to be understood as the connecting line within the gap arrangement, on which the splitting blade and the abutment are moved during the splitting operation.
  • This working axis may be substantially identical to the longitudinal axis of the piece of wood or the wood portion.
  • the cutting means may be formed as a chain saw or as a circular saw blade.
  • a chainsaw is conceivable, since the spatial requirements for attachment are less than that for a circular saw blade the case will be.
  • a hydraulically driven chain saw is usually a hydraulic system is already used for the lifting crane and thus an available power source can be used for driving the cutting means.
  • a stop means is at the same time a part of the gap arrangement.
  • the stop means can either form an abutment or a splitting blade is attached to the stop means.
  • the stop means is arranged to determine the length of the wood piece to be cut on the conveyor in a direction parallel to the working axis movable.
  • the stop means may include a stopper.
  • This stop stamp is displaceable in the direction of the working axis. Preferably, this displacement is done by means of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • a splitting of the wood section formed after the cutting to length can be brought about by pressing the wood section by means of the stop punch against a splitting knife located on the opposite end face of the wood section.
  • the wood section can be correspondingly pressed against a thrust bearing or abutment located on the opposite end face of the wood section and thus split.
  • a splitting blade is mounted on the stopper in a further embodiment, it may also be used the gap arrangement are held in a rest position such that it does not come into direct contact with the end face of the piece of wood. Penetration of the splitting blade in the end face of the piece of wood is therefore avoided during the AblCodevorganges and it can rather a substantially constant length of the wood sections are ensured.
  • Another embodiment may be that the gap abutment contains splitting blades.
  • An embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized by an adjustability of the gripping device in different working positions, ie cutting or gap position.
  • the gripping device may be one of at least two parts be formed grasping forceps; these parts of the gripping tongs comprise the piece of wood or the wood section from both sides.
  • the respective working positions, ie for cutting to length and for splitting the parts of the gripping tongs can be moved into another position relative to each other.
  • the piece of wood can be set in such a way for cutting to length that, for example, jamming of the cutting means is avoided.
  • splitting knives can be used.
  • the individual parts of the splitting blade preferably extend radially from a center point to the outside.
  • this center is aligned before splitting relative to the working axis or slit axis.
  • a gap axis is understood to be essentially the longitudinal axis of the wood section. This alignment ensures that the wood section can be split with the least possible expenditure of force. It is also particularly advantageous if the splitting knives can be replaced in a simple manner.
  • the cutting and splitting device is hydraulically actuated.
  • the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders are also integrated in the splitting device.
  • the hydraulic cylinders can be operated for example via the hydraulic system of a truck or via a pump on the PTO shaft of a tractor.
  • the splitting blades can also be arranged adjustable in height. If wood sections are to be split with a smaller diameter, the splitting blade (or the splitting blades) can be moved in height so that the working axis comes to lie in the longitudinal axis of the wood section to be split.
  • the conveyor is rotatably mounted on at least one vertical axis on a movable lifting device.
  • the funding can be aligned so that a lying on the ground piece of wood can be easily and without his position, for example, manually changed, can be detected.
  • the detected piece of wood can be lifted and brought after splitting in a simple manner in an unloading position such as the bed of a truck.
  • a method according to the invention for splitting wood, in particular long pieces of wood is characterized by various steps.
  • a first step a long piece of wood with the gripping device, which is integrated in the conveying means, detected in an initial position A1 and transferred to a cutting position A2.
  • the piece of wood is preferably detected so that one end face is substantially flush with the stop means, which is arranged on the conveyor. If this is not the case, the piece of wood can be aligned with the end face of this stop means.
  • the stop means By a user-selected positioning of the stop means on the conveyor, the length of the further processed wood section is determined.
  • the cutting means is brought from its rest position to the working position and the detected and determined by the gripping device piece of wood by means of the cutting means on the predetermined length cut to length.
  • the splitter assembly attached to the conveyor is brought into its working position.
  • the gap abutment is brought into the working axis of the device.
  • the wood section located in the gripping device of the conveying means is subsequently split by at least one splitting blade of the splitting arrangement along the working axis.
  • the longitudinal axis of the wood section coincides with the working axis.
  • the method is advantageous if, between the cutting and the splitting, the gripping device is brought from the cutting position into the gap position.
  • the Ablfitposition to be avoided by the determination of the piece of wood that, in particular when cutting to length by the Ablheim any movements of the piece of wood can be caused that cause damage to the device.
  • the wood portion in the gap position should have sufficient freedom of movement, otherwise the gap arrangement is limited in their operation and could possibly cause damage to the device.
  • a particularly efficient work results when the device during the splitting operation of the wood section can be further transported to an end position (for example, a cargo area).
  • an end position for example, a cargo area.
  • the resulting wood gaps can be easily stored.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view of a device 1 for cutting and splitting a piece of wood 9.
  • the device 1 consists essentially of a conveyor 2 with attached gripping device 4 and a cutting means 7 and a gap assembly 14, the components stop means 5, hydraulic cylinder 6 and gap abutment 8 contains.
  • the gripping device 4 has a gripper pair, which can detect the piece of wood 9.
  • the stop means 5 can be moved along the longitudinal axis of the conveyor 2 in a guide rail, not shown, so that the user can be made each desired length specification for a wood section.
  • the end face 9a is placed substantially flush with the stop means 5.
  • the gripping device 4 encloses the piece of wood 9 such that it has no freedom of movement, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the working axis 15.
  • the cutting means 7 in the form of a chain saw separates a section of defined length from the long piece of wood 9.
  • the execution of the attachment of the cutting means 7 is designed such that neither a risk of damage to the cutting means 7 during the detection of the piece of wood 9 nor in the subsequent operation of splitting a section of wood.
  • the arrangement of the cutting means 7 takes place in such a way that there is no danger to persons who may be in the vicinity.
  • the sword of the chainsaw can be led out in an arcuate movement of the AblCodeposition and thereby sever the long piece of wood 9.
  • the drive of the chain can be done via the hydraulic device of the lifting device (crane).
  • the corresponding hose lines for the drive would be connected to the lifting crane 3.
  • the gap abutment 8 of the splitting device 14 is found during the AblCodevorganges in its rest position and is placed outside the range of the wood piece 9.
  • the device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2 in the arrangement for splitting a wood section 10.
  • the device 1 is held by a lifting crane 3.
  • the gripper 4 located on the conveyor 2 is so for the splitting operation wide open, that the wood section 10 a freedom of movement, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the working axis 15; has.
  • the cutting means 7 is in its rest position for the splitting operation.
  • the gap abutment 8 of the gap assembly 14 is now in its working position.
  • a splitting blade (not shown) is attached.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 6 presses on the stop means 5, the wood portion against the gap abutment 8 of the nip assembly 14 and causes the splitting of the wood portion 10.
  • the splitting knife not shown in Figure 2 can here either the stop means 5 or gap abutment 8 or attached to both components of the gap assembly 14 be.
  • FIG. 3 A side view of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 (arrow direction A according to FIG. 1).
  • the gripping device 4 fixes the piece of wood 9 or the resulting wood section 10 so that no freedom of movement remains.
  • the gap abutment 8 of the gap arrangement is positioned away from the piece of wood 9 or away from the wood section 10.
  • the gap abutment 8 can be brought into the working axis of the gap arrangement either via a rotary movement or a displacement mechanism.
  • the chain saw as Abllindsch 7 moves in an arcuate direction through the piece of wood 9, thus separating a wood portion 10 of a defined length. The separated remainder of the piece of wood 9 falls back to the ground.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 6 acts on the stop means 5 with a splitting blade 11 attached thereto.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is integrated into the conveying means 2 in this embodiment. While the chainsaw is positioned as Abllindffenkar 7 in its rest position, there is the gap abutment 8 as an abutment in his working position.
  • the wood section 10 is held by the gripping device 4.
  • the stop means 5 is pressed with the splitting blade 11 against the end face 10 b of the wood section 10.
  • the end face 10a is pressed against the gap abutment 8 and the wood section 10 is split.
  • the splitting blade 11 has a wedge-shaped cross-section and caused when hitting the end face lOb a pressing apart of the forming halves of the wood section 10th
  • FIG. 1 A further variant of the device 1 according to the invention is shown in a partial detail in FIG.
  • the cutting means 7 in the form of the chain saw is again in its rest position.
  • the wood section 10 is also held by the gripping device 4.
  • the gap abutment 8 of the gap device is made to be movable in the direction of the working axis.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 6 'presses the gap abutment 8 against the wood section 10.
  • the splitting blade 8 attached to the splitting abutment 8 is mounted vertically adjustable. This makes it possible, in particular for the case of a more complex shaped splitting blade 12, to align the center of the splitting blade with the longitudinal axis 15 of the wood section 10. As a result, a simpler splitting of the wood section 10 is feasible.
  • Figure 6 shows a more complex embodiment of a splitting blade 11 and 12, which may be present both on the stop means 5 and / or on the gap abutment 8 of the gap arrangement.
  • FIGS. 7 a and 7 b show the steps of the method according to the invention for cutting and splitting pieces of wood 9.
  • the piece of wood 9 is connected to the gripping device 4 the device 1 detected and recorded in an initial position A1.
  • the cutting means 7 in the form of the chain saw is used. While the wood portion having a defined length remains in the gripping device 4, the remnant piece 9r of the wood piece 9 falls to the ground. In the course of the separation process, the piece of wood 9 is firmly fixed in the gripping device 4.
  • the gap abutment 8 of the nip assembly is transferred to the nip position A3.
  • the wood section 10 is split accordingly.
  • the gripping device 4 is this somewhat opened to give the wood portion 10 a certain freedom of movement in a direction perpendicular to the working axis.
  • the wood gaps 13 are deposited from the gripping device 4 in an end position E.
  • the stop means 5 comprises a stopper 16.
  • the stop means 5 and the stopper 16 have a common surface on the side facing the piece of wood 9 or wood section 10.
  • the stopper 16 is pushed out by the hydraulic cylinder 6 during the splitting operation in the direction of the working axis 15.
  • the stopper punch 16 includes splitting blades (not shown)

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Fish Paste Products (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) and a method for splitting wood. The inventive device comprises at least one transport means which is provided with a gripping device (4) and is used to seize, hold and transport a piece of wood (9) in an operating position (A2), and a splitting device (14) which is arranged on the transport means. The invention is characterised in that a shortening means (7) for pieces of wood (9) is arranged on the transport means (2), along with an abutment means (5) for fixing the length of the piece of wood (9) to be shortened in a variable manner. The shortening means (7) and the abutment means (5) can be displaced in relation to each other.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Spalten von Holz gemäss dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Patentansprüche 1 bzw. 9. Solche Vorrichtungen werden zum Ablängen von langen Holzstücken und dem anschliessenden Spalten dieser Holzabschnitte verwendet.The invention relates to a device and a method for splitting wood according to the preamble of independent claims 1 and 9, respectively. Such devices are used for cutting long pieces of wood and then splitting these pieces of wood.

Bekannte Vorrichtungen zum Spalten von Holzstücken, die an einem Hebekran befestigt werden können, bestehen im wesentlichen aus einer Spaltanordnung mit einem Spaltmesser und einem Gegenlager. Das zu spaltende Holzstück wird mit einer Greifvorrichtung aufgenommen und wird so zwischen dem keilförmigen Spaltmesser und dem Gegenlager gehalten. Das zu spaltende Holzstück muss aber bereits eine Länge aufweisen, die kleiner ist als der Abstand zwischen dem Spaltmesser und dem Gegenlager.Known devices for splitting pieces of wood that can be attached to a lifting crane consist essentially of a gap arrangement with a splitting blade and an abutment. The piece of wood to be split is picked up by a gripping device and is thus held between the wedge-shaped splitting knife and the counter bearing. However, the piece of wood to be split must already have a length which is smaller than the distance between the splitting blade and the counter bearing.

Diese bekannten Spaltvorrichtungen haben den Nachteil, dass vor dem Spalten die zu bearbeitenden Holzstücke wie vorzugsweise Baumstämme oder längere Baumstammabschnitte erst auf das geeignete Mass abgelängt werden müssen. Erst danach können sie mit den bekannten Spaltvorrichtungen bearbeitet werden. Das Ablängen der langen Baumstämme ist jedoch mit Gefahren für die arbeitende Person verbunden, da diese sich in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Ablängvorrichtung wie etwa einer Motorsäge befindet. Zudem ist es von Seiten des Arbeitsablaufs nicht rationell, erst das entsprechende Holzstück abzulängen und danach dieses zu spalten. Vielmehr werden die Holzstücke in einer grösseren Anzahl abgelängt und die Holzabschnitte dann zu einem anderen Zeitpunkt entsprechend gespalten.These known cleavage devices have the disadvantage that prior to splitting the pieces of wood to be processed, such as preferably tree trunks or longer tree trunk sections, must first be cut to the appropriate size. Only then can they be processed with the known cleavage devices. However, the cutting of the long tree trunks is associated with hazards for the working person, since this is in close proximity to the cutting device such as a power saw. In addition, it is not rational on the part of the workflow to first cut the corresponding piece of wood and then to split it. Rather, the pieces of wood are cut to length in a larger number and the wood sections then split at a different time accordingly.

In der CH 690 673 ist eine Spaltvorrichtung beschrieben, die mit Hilfe eines Hebekranes betrieben werden kann. Sie ermöglicht eine rationelle Spaltung von Holzstücken. Der Nachteil dieser Vorrichtung ist allerdings, dass nur Holzstücke mit einer maximalen, durch die Vorrichtung vorgegebenen Länge verarbeitet werden können. Es ist deshalb immer erforderlich, lange Holzstücke auf ein kürzeres Mass zu bringen.In CH 690 673 a splitting device is described, which can be operated by means of a lifting crane. It allows one rational splitting of pieces of wood. The disadvantage of this device, however, is that only pieces of wood can be processed with a maximum, predetermined by the device length. It is therefore always necessary to bring long pieces of wood on a shorter scale.

Die SU 1 625 697 zeigt eine Spaltvorrichtung mit zwei in axialer Richtung verschiebbaren Spaltelementen. Etwa mittig zwischen den Spaltelementen ist eine Greifvorrichtung bestehend aus zwei Greifarmpaaren vorgesehen. Zwischen diesen ist sodann ein Ablängelement vorgesehen. Die Spaltelemente können jeweils von einer Spaltposition in eine Ruheposition bewegt werden.SU 1 625 697 shows a splitting device with two slit elements displaceable in the axial direction. Approximately in the middle between the gap elements a gripping device is provided consisting of two Greifarmpaaren. Between these a Ablängelement is then provided. The gap elements can each be moved from a gap position to a rest position.

Auch bei der SU 1 761 472 ist das Ablängmittel zwischen zwei Greifarmpaaren angeordnet. Weiter verfügt die Spaltvorrichtung über ein Spaltelement, dass von einer Seite her mit einem Holzstück in Eingriff bringbar ist.Also in the SU 1 761 472, the cutting means is arranged between two gripper arm pairs. Furthermore, the splitting device has a gap element that can be brought into engagement with a piece of wood from one side.

Bei der Spaltvorrichtung gemäss der EP A 1 118 438 wird ein Baumstamm mit Hilfe einer Kettensäge abgelängt. Der abgetrennte Stamm wird dann mittels eines Anschlagstempels gegen ein Spaltmesser getrieben. Bei dieser Spaltvorrichtung sind die Stämme zum Ablängen und zum Spalten jeweils in entsprechenden Führungen gehalten.In the splitting device according to EP A 1 118 438, a tree trunk is cut to length with the aid of a chain saw. The severed trunk is then driven by a stopper punch against a splitting knife. In this splitting device, the trunks are held in respective guides for cutting and splitting.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile des Bekannten zu vermeiden, insbesondere eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Ablängen und Spalten von Holz zu schaffen, welche ein rationelles, sowie ein für den Benutzer sicheres und kräfteschonendes Bearbeiten (Ablängen und Spalten) von langen Holzstücken erlaubt.The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known, in particular to provide a device and a method for cutting and splitting of wood, which allows a rational, and safe for the user and save energy editing (cutting and splitting) of long pieces of wood ,

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe mit einer Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen im Anspruch 1 und mit einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen im Anspruch 9 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved with a device having the features in claim 1 and with a method having the features in claim 9.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Ablängen und Spalten von Holz mit den Merkmalen der Erfindung besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Fördermittel zum Erfassen, Halten und Transportieren eines Holzstückes oder Holzabschnittes, einer Spaltanordnung und einem Ablängmittel sowie aus einem Anschlagsmittel. Das Fördermittel kann mindestens eine Greifvorrichtung enthalten. Ebenso wie die Spaltanordnung kann das Ablängmittel und das Anschlagmittel direkt am Fördermittel angeordnet sein. Das Anschlagmittel erlaubt eine den Vorgaben des Benutzers entsprechende Festlegung der Länge des Holzstückes. Das Anschlagmittel und das Ablängmittel können beweglich am Fördermittel angeordnet sein und zudem relativ zueinander bewegbar sein.An apparatus for cutting and splitting wood with the features of the invention consists essentially of a conveyor for detecting, holding and transporting a piece of wood or wood, a gap arrangement and a Abfängmittel and a stop means. The conveying means may include at least one gripping device. As well as the gap arrangement, the cutting means and the stop means can be arranged directly on the conveyor. The stop means allows the user to specify the length of the piece of wood. The abutment means and the Abfängmittel can be arranged movably on the conveyor and also be relatively movable.

Ein Spaltwiderlager ist zwischen einer Spaltposition, in der es an einer Stirnseite eines abgelängten Holzabschnittes anliegt, und einer Ablängposition, in der es das Erfassen eines Holzstückes beispielsweise eines Baumstammes nicht behindert oder verhindert, bewegbar angeordnet. Die Ablängsposition entspricht somit der Ruhelage des Spaltwiderlagers. Insbesondere ist das Spaltwiderlager um eine Achse im wesentlichen parallel zur Arbeitsachse beweglich schwenkbar angeordnet. Ebenfalls vorstellbar ist eine bewegliche Anordnung des Spaltwiderlagers senkrecht zur Arbeitsachse. Diese bewegliche Ausführung des Spaltwiderlagers erlaubt das Erfassen eines Holzstückes mit der Greifvorrichtung, ohne dass diese Aufnahme durch das Spaltwiderlager behindert bzw. verhindert wird. Gleichzeitig stellt dieses Verbringen des Spaltwiderlagers ausserhalb des benötigten Volumens für das Holzstück einen Schutz für das Spaltwiderlager dar und vermeidet kosten- und zeitintensive Reparaturen. Sowohl das Ablängmittel wie auch das Spaltwiderlager sind vorteilhaft durch eine hydraulisch angetriebene Kraftübertragungsvorrichtung aus ihrer jeweiligen Ruheposition in die entsprechende Arbeitsposition bewegbar. Durch eine entsprechende Ausgestaltuzng des Spaltwiderlagers können die Holzspalten nach dem Spaltvorgang innerhalb der Greifvorrichtung verbleiben und anschliessend kontrolliert in eine Endposition abgelegt werden.A gap abutment is movably disposed between a nip position in which it abuts an end face of a cut wood portion and a cutoff position in which it does not obstruct or prevent the detection of a wood piece of, for example, a log. The Ablängs position thus corresponds to the rest position of the gap abutment. In particular, the gap abutment is arranged pivotable about an axis substantially parallel to the working axis. Also conceivable is a movable arrangement of the gap abutment perpendicular to the working axis. This movable embodiment of the gap abutment allows the detection of a piece of wood with the gripping device, without this inclusion is hindered or prevented by the gap abutment. At the same time, this movement of the gap abutment outside the required volume for the piece of wood provides protection for the split abutment and avoids costly and time-consuming repairs. Both that Ablängmittel as well as the gap abutment are advantageous by a hydraulically driven power transmission device from its respective rest position in the corresponding working position movable. By a corresponding Ausgestaltuzng the Spaltwiderlagers the wood gaps can remain after the splitting process within the gripping device and then stored controlled in an end position.

Das Ablängmittel ist bezogen auf die Arbeitsachse zwischen der Greifvorrichtung und dem Spaltwiderlager angeordnet. Aufgrund dieser Anordnung ist es möglich, ein Holzstück abzulängen und im folgenden die Spaltanordnung ohne eine notwendige Verlagerung des entstandenen Holzabschnittes in einer Richtung parallel zur Arbeitsachse in die Arbeitsstellung zu bringen und die Spaltung des Holzabschnittes durchzuführen.The cutting means is arranged with respect to the working axis between the gripping device and the gap abutment. Due to this arrangement, it is possible to cut down a piece of wood and bring in the following the gap arrangement without a necessary displacement of the resulting wood section in a direction parallel to the working axis in the working position and carry out the cleavage of the wood section.

Unter Fördermittel wird eine Vorrichtung zum Halten, Hochheben und Bewegen eines langen Holzstückes oder eines Holzabschnittes verstanden. Eine solche Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise an einem Kranarm befestigt und kann aus einer Greifvorrichtung mit einem Greifzangenpaar bestehen. Es ist aber auch denkbar, solche Greifzangen an einem Kabel eines Krans anzubringen oder einen Seilzug oder eine Hebefläche zum Hochheben des Holzstücks zu verwenden. Zugleich ist das Fördermittel konstruktiv so ausgestaltet, dass es die Spaltanordnung, das Ablängmittel sowie gegebenenfalls weitere Vorrichtungen aufnehmen kann.Subsidies means a device for holding, lifting and moving a long piece of wood or a section of wood. Such a device is for example attached to a crane arm and may consist of a gripping device with a pair of gripper tongs. But it is also conceivable to attach such gripping tongs to a cable of a crane or to use a cable or a lifting surface for lifting the piece of wood. At the same time, the conveying means is structurally designed such that it can accommodate the gap arrangement, the cutting means and optionally further devices.

Der Begriff "Holzstück" bzw. "überlanges Holzstück" definiert im Rahmen der Erfindung vorzugsweise Baumstämme, längere Baumstammteile oder auch lange Holzbalken, die eine grössere Länge aufweisen als die, welche die in der Erfindung eingesetzte Spaltanordnung bearbeiten kann. Unter dem Begriff "Holzabschnitt" sind Holzstücke zu verstehen, welche eine für die in der Erfindung eingesetzte Spaltanordnung verarbeitbare Länge aufweisen.In the context of the invention, the term "piece of wood" or "excess length of wood" preferably defines tree trunks, longer tree trunk parts or even long wooden beams which have a greater length than that which can process the gap arrangement used in the invention. Under the term "wood section" are To understand wood pieces, which have a processable for the gap assembly used in the invention length.

Die Spaltanordnung besteht vorzugsweise aus wenigstens einem Spaltmesser und einem Gegenlager oder Widerlager. Das Spaltmesser und das Gegenlager sind bewegbar zueinander angeordnet. Weiterhin kann das Gegenlager ebenfalls durch ein Spaltmesser gebildet werden, so dass der Holzabschnitt von beiden Seiten gleichzeitig aufgespalten wird.The gap arrangement preferably consists of at least one splitting blade and an abutment or abutment. The splitting blade and the anvil are arranged movably relative to one another. Furthermore, the counter bearing can also be formed by a splitting blade, so that the wood portion is split from both sides simultaneously.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Ablängmittel zwischen einer Ablängposition, in der es an das erfasste, abzulängende Holzstück angelegt ist, und einer Spaltposition, in der es das Spalten des Holzabschnittes nicht behindert, bewegbar. Die Spaltposition des Ablängmittels entspricht somit dessen Ruheposition. Insbesondere ist das Ablängmittel um eine im wesentlichen parallel zur Arbeitsachse befindliche Achse schwenkbar angebracht. Ebenfalls kann das Ablängmittel in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Arbeitsachse verschiebbar am Fördermittel ange-bracht sein. Die Arbeitsachse ist als die Verbindungslinie innerhalb der Spaltanordnung zu verstehen, auf der das Spaltmesser und das Widerlager während des Spaltvorganges bewegt werden. Diese Arbeitsachse kann im wesentlichen identisch mit der Längsachse des Holzstückes bzw. des Holzabschnittes sein. Der Vorteil einer derartigen Anordnung ist die Möglichkeit, dass das Ablängmittel erst bei Anwendung in die unmittelbare Nähe des Holzstückes gebracht werden muss und nicht während des Spaltvorganges gefährdet ist, beschädigt zu werden.In a preferred embodiment, the cutting means is movable between a cutting position in which it is applied to the detected piece of wood to be cut and a gap position in which it does not obstruct the splitting of the piece of wood. The gap position of the cutting means thus corresponds to its rest position. In particular, the cutting means is pivotally mounted about an axis substantially parallel to the working axis. Likewise, the cutting means may be slidably mounted on the conveyor in a direction perpendicular to the working axis. The working axis is to be understood as the connecting line within the gap arrangement, on which the splitting blade and the abutment are moved during the splitting operation. This working axis may be substantially identical to the longitudinal axis of the piece of wood or the wood portion. The advantage of such an arrangement is the possibility that the cutting means must be brought into use in the immediate vicinity of the piece of wood only when used and is not at risk during the splitting process to be damaged.

Das Ablängmittel kann als eine Kettensäge oder aber als ein kreisförmiges Sägeblatt ausgebildet sein. Bevorzugt ist eine Kettensäge vorstellbar, da die räumlichen Erfordernisse zur Anbringung geringer sind als dies für ein kreisförmiges Sägeblatt der Fall sein wird. Weiter bevorzugt ist eine hydraulisch angetriebene Kettensäge, da in der Regel bereits für den Hebekran ein Hydrauliksystem eingesetzt wird und somit eine verfügbare Kraftquelle für den Antrieb des Ablängmittels genutzt werden kann.The cutting means may be formed as a chain saw or as a circular saw blade. Preferably, a chainsaw is conceivable, since the spatial requirements for attachment are less than that for a circular saw blade the case will be. Further preferred is a hydraulically driven chain saw, as usually a hydraulic system is already used for the lifting crane and thus an available power source can be used for driving the cutting means.

Bevorzugt ist ein Anschlagmittel gleichzeitig ein Teil der Spaltanordnung. Dabei kann das Anschlagmittel entweder ein Gegenlager bilden oder ein Spaltmesser ist am Anschlagmittel angebracht. Das Anschlagmittel ist zur Festlegung des Länge des abzulängenden Holzstückes am Fördermittel in einer Richtung parallel zur Arbeitsachse bewegbar angeordnet.Preferably, a stop means is at the same time a part of the gap arrangement. In this case, the stop means can either form an abutment or a splitting blade is attached to the stop means. The stop means is arranged to determine the length of the wood piece to be cut on the conveyor in a direction parallel to the working axis movable.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel kann das Anschlagmittel einen Anschlagstempel enthalten. Dieser Anschlagsstempel ist hierbei in Richtung der Arbeitsachse verschiebbar. Vorzugsweise geschieht dieses Verschieben mit Hilfe eines Hydraulikzylinders. Eine Spaltung des nach dem Ablängen entstandenen Holzabschnittes kann durch ein Drücken des Holzabschnittes mittels des Anschlagstempels gegen ein auf der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite des Holzabschnittes befindliches Spaltmesser hervorgerufen werden. Umgekehrt kann für den Fall des Vorhandenseins von Spaltmesser am Anschlagstempel der Holzabschnitt entsprechend gegen ein auf der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite des Holzabschnitt befindliches Gegenlager oder Widerlager gedrückt und somit gespalten werden. Vorstellbar ist auch die Anordnung von Spaltmesser zu beiden Seiten des Holzabschnittes und der so möglichen Spaltung des Holzabschnittes von beiden Seiten her. Damit lässt sich eine Spaltung des Holzabschnittes auch bei Vorhandensein von Hindernissen wie Ästen oder etwaigen Fremdgegenständen erzielen.In a further embodiment, the stop means may include a stopper. This stop stamp is displaceable in the direction of the working axis. Preferably, this displacement is done by means of a hydraulic cylinder. A splitting of the wood section formed after the cutting to length can be brought about by pressing the wood section by means of the stop punch against a splitting knife located on the opposite end face of the wood section. Conversely, in the event of the presence of splitting blade on the stopper punch, the wood section can be correspondingly pressed against a thrust bearing or abutment located on the opposite end face of the wood section and thus split. Also conceivable is the arrangement of splitting blades on both sides of the wood section and the possible splitting of the wood section from both sides. Thus, a split of the wood section can be achieved even in the presence of obstacles such as branches or any foreign objects.

Ist ein Spaltmesser in einer weiteren Ausführungsform auf dem Anschlagstempel angebracht, so kann es auch bis zur Anwendung der Spaltanordnung derart in einer Ruhelage gehalten werden, dass es nicht direkt mit der Stirnseite des Holzstückes in Kontakt kommt. Ein Eindringen des Spaltmessers in die Stirnfläche des Holzstückes wird daher während des Ablängvorganges vermieden und es kann eher eine im wesentlichen gleichbleibende Länge der Holzabschnitte gewährleistet werden.If a splitting blade is mounted on the stopper in a further embodiment, it may also be used the gap arrangement are held in a rest position such that it does not come into direct contact with the end face of the piece of wood. Penetration of the splitting blade in the end face of the piece of wood is therefore avoided during the Ablängvorganges and it can rather a substantially constant length of the wood sections are ensured.

Ebenfalls eine Ausführungsform kann darin bestehen, dass das Spaltwiderlager Spaltmesser enthält. Vorteilhaft an einer derartigen Ausgestaltung ist die Möglichkeit, dass der zu spaltende Holzabschnitt aus der Greifvorrichtung herausgedrückt werden kann und danach sofort das Erfassen eines Holzstückes möglich wird.Another embodiment may be that the gap abutment contains splitting blades. An advantage of such a configuration is the possibility that the wood to be split section can be pushed out of the gripping device and then immediately the detection of a piece of wood is possible.

Eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung zeichnet sich durch eine Einstellbarkeit der Greifvorrichtung in unterschiedliche Arbeitspositionen, d.h. Abläng- oder Spaltposition aus. Die Greifvorrichtung kann eine aus wenigstens zwei Teilen gebildete Greifzange sein; diese Teile der Greifzange umfassen das Holzstück bzw. den Holzabschnitt von beiden Seiten. Entsprechend den jeweiligen Arbeitspositionen, d. h. zum Ablängen und zum Spalten, können die Teile der Greifzange in andere Stellung relativ zueinander bewegt werden. Hierdurch kann zum Ablängen das Holzstück derart festgelegt werden, dass beispielsweise ein Verklemmen des Ablängmittels vermieden wird. Zum anderen ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Holzabschnitt während des Spaltens nicht festgeklemmt ist und gewisse Freiheiten hinsichtlich Bewegungen senkrecht zur Arbeitsachse hat, um Probleme beim Aufspalten des Holzabschnittes zu vermeiden.An embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized by an adjustability of the gripping device in different working positions, ie cutting or gap position. The gripping device may be one of at least two parts be formed grasping forceps; these parts of the gripping tongs comprise the piece of wood or the wood section from both sides. According to the respective working positions, ie for cutting to length and for splitting, the parts of the gripping tongs can be moved into another position relative to each other. As a result, the piece of wood can be set in such a way for cutting to length that, for example, jamming of the cutting means is avoided. On the other hand, it is advantageous if the wood section is not clamped during the splitting and has certain freedom with respect to movements perpendicular to the working axis in order to avoid problems in splitting the wood section.

Je nach Durchmesser der zu spaltenden Holzabschnitte oder je nach Verwendungszweck können zwei- oder mehrteilige, beispielsweise achtteilige, Spaltmesser verwendet werden. Die einzelnen Teile des Spaltmessers erstrecken sich vorzugsweise radial von einem Mittelpunkt nach aussen. Vor allem bei mehr als zweiteiligen Messern ist es wichtig, dass dieser Mittelpunkt vor dem Spalten relativ zur Arbeitsachse bzw. Spaltachse ausgerichtet wird. Unter einer Spaltachse wird in diesem Zusammenhang im wesentlichen die Längsachse des Holzabschnittes verstanden. Mit dieser Ausrichtung wird erreicht, dass mit möglichst geringem Kraftaufwand der Holzabschnitt gespalten werden kann. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es zudem, wenn die Spaltmesser auf einfache Weise ausgewechselt werden können.Depending on the diameter of the splitting wood sections or depending on the purpose of use two or more parts, such as eight-piece, splitting knives can be used. The individual parts of the splitting blade preferably extend radially from a center point to the outside. Especially with more than two-piece knives, it is important that this center is aligned before splitting relative to the working axis or slit axis. In this context, a gap axis is understood to be essentially the longitudinal axis of the wood section. This alignment ensures that the wood section can be split with the least possible expenditure of force. It is also particularly advantageous if the splitting knives can be replaced in a simple manner.

Vorzugsweise wird die Abläng- und Spaltvorrichtung hydraulisch betätigt. Der oder die Hydraulikzylinder sind zudem in die Spaltvorrichtung integriert. Die Hydraulikzylinder können beispielsweise über das Hydrauliksystem eines Lastwagens oder über eine Pumpe an der Zapfwelle eines Traktors betrieben werden.Preferably, the cutting and splitting device is hydraulically actuated. The hydraulic cylinder or cylinders are also integrated in the splitting device. The hydraulic cylinders can be operated for example via the hydraulic system of a truck or via a pump on the PTO shaft of a tractor.

Um ein möglichst ausgeglichenes Einwirken der Kräfte auf das Holzstück zu ermöglichen, können die Spaltmesser ausserdem höhenverstellbar angeordnet sein. Wenn Holzabschnitte mit kleinerem Durchmesser gespaltet werden sollen, kann das Spaltmesser (oder die Spaltmesser) derart in der Höhe bewegt werden, dass die Arbeitsachse in der Längsachse des zu spaltenden Holzabschnittes zu liegen kommt.In order to allow the most balanced possible action of the forces on the piece of wood, the splitting blades can also be arranged adjustable in height. If wood sections are to be split with a smaller diameter, the splitting blade (or the splitting blades) can be moved in height so that the working axis comes to lie in the longitudinal axis of the wood section to be split.

Vorteilhaft ist das Fördermittel um wenigstens eine vertikale Achse drehbar an einer bewegbaren Hebevorrichtung angebracht. Durch die drehbare Befestigung kann das Fördermittel derart ausgerichtet werden, dass ein am Boden liegendes Holzstück einfach und ohne dass seine Lage beispielsweise manuell geändert werden muss, erfasst werden kann. Mit einer derart bewegbaren Hebevorrichtung kann das erfasste Holzstück hochgehoben und nach dem Spalten in einfacher Weise in eine Entladeposition wie beispielsweise die Ladefläche eines Lastwagens gebracht werden.Advantageously, the conveyor is rotatably mounted on at least one vertical axis on a movable lifting device. By the rotatable attachment, the funding can be aligned so that a lying on the ground piece of wood can be easily and without his position, for example, manually changed, can be detected. With such a movable lifting device, the detected piece of wood can be lifted and brought after splitting in a simple manner in an unloading position such as the bed of a truck.

Ein erfindungsgemässes Verfahren zum Spalten von Holz, insbesondere von langen Holzstücken ist durch verschiedene Schritte gekennzeichnet. In einem ersten Schritt wird ein langes Holzstück mit der Greifvorrichtung, die in das Fördermittel integriert ist, in einer Ausgangsposition A1 erfasst und in eine Ablängposition A2 überführt. Hierbei wird das Holzstück vorzugsweise so erfasst, dass die eine Stirnseite im wesentlichen bündig am Anschlagmittel, das am Fördermittel angeordnet ist, anliegt. Ist dies nicht der Fall, kann das Holzstück mit dessen Stirnseite an dieses Anschlagmittel ausgerichtet werden. Durch eine vom Benutzer gewählte Positionierung des Anschlagmittels am Fördermittel wird die Länge des weiter zu bearbeitenden Holzabschnittes festgelegt. Das Ablängmittel wird aus seiner Ruheposition in die Arbeitsposition gebracht und das erfasste und durch die Greifvorrichtung festgelegte Holzstück wird mittels dem Ablängmittel auf die vorbestimmte Länge abgelängt. Nach dem Zurückführen des Ablängmittels in dessen Ruheposition wird die am Fördermittel angebrachte Spaltanordnung in ihre Arbeitsposition gebracht. Insbesondere wird hier das Spaltwiderlager in die Arbeitsachse der Vorrichtung gebracht. Der in der Greifvorrichtung des Fördermittels befindliche Holzabschnitt wird im folgenden durch wenigstens ein Spaltmesser der Spaltanordnung entlang der Arbeitsachse aufgespalten. Bevorzugt fällt die Längsachse des Holzabschnittes mit der Arbeitsachse zusammen.A method according to the invention for splitting wood, in particular long pieces of wood, is characterized by various steps. In a first step, a long piece of wood with the gripping device, which is integrated in the conveying means, detected in an initial position A1 and transferred to a cutting position A2. In this case, the piece of wood is preferably detected so that one end face is substantially flush with the stop means, which is arranged on the conveyor. If this is not the case, the piece of wood can be aligned with the end face of this stop means. By a user-selected positioning of the stop means on the conveyor, the length of the further processed wood section is determined. The cutting means is brought from its rest position to the working position and the detected and determined by the gripping device piece of wood by means of the cutting means on the predetermined length cut to length. After returning the cutting means in its rest position, the splitter assembly attached to the conveyor is brought into its working position. In particular, here the gap abutment is brought into the working axis of the device. The wood section located in the gripping device of the conveying means is subsequently split by at least one splitting blade of the splitting arrangement along the working axis. Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the wood section coincides with the working axis.

Vorteilhaft ist das Verfahren, wenn zwischen dem Ablängen und dem Spalten die Greifvorrichtung von der Ablängposition in die Spaltposition gebracht wird. In der Ablängposition soll durch die Festlegung des Holzstückes vermieden werden, dass insbesondere beim Ablängen durch das Ablängmittel etwaige Bewegungen des Holzstückes verursacht werden können, die eine Beschädigung der Vorrichtung hervorrufen. Im Gegensatz dazu sollte der Holzabschnitt in der Spaltposition eine ausreichende Bewegungfreiheit aufweisen, da sonst die Spaltanordnung in ihrer Funktionsweise eingeschränkt wird und gegebenenfalls eine Beschädigung der Vorrichtung hervorrufen könnte.The method is advantageous if, between the cutting and the splitting, the gripping device is brought from the cutting position into the gap position. In the Ablängposition to be avoided by the determination of the piece of wood that, in particular when cutting to length by the Ablängmittel any movements of the piece of wood can be caused that cause damage to the device. In contrast, the wood portion in the gap position should have sufficient freedom of movement, otherwise the gap arrangement is limited in their operation and could possibly cause damage to the device.

Ein besonders rationelles Arbeiten ergibt sich, wenn die Vorrichtung während des Spaltvorgangs des Holzabschnittes weiter in eine Endposition (beispielsweise über eine Ladefläche) transportiert werden kann. So können nach dem Abschluss des Spaltvorganges die entstandenen Holzspalte einfach abgelegt werden. Es ist aber auch denkbar, den Spaltvorgang bereits nach dem Herstellen der Spaltposition oder erst in der Endposition auszulösen.A particularly efficient work results when the device during the splitting operation of the wood section can be further transported to an end position (for example, a cargo area). Thus, after completion of the splitting process, the resulting wood gaps can be easily stored. However, it is also conceivable to trigger the splitting process already after the production of the gap position or only in the end position.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen und in Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and in exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung in Ablängposition für das Ablängen des Holzstückes;
Figur 2.
die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung in Spaltposition für das Spalten des Holzabschnittes;
Figur 3
die Aufsicht auf die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung in Pfeilrichtung A gemäss Figur 1;
Figur 4
eine alternative Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in Spaltposition;
Figur 5
eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung ebenfalls in Spaltposition;
Figur 6
eine beispielhafte Ausführungsform der Spaltmesser;
Figur 7a
die Verfahrensschritte Aufnehmen und Ablängen;
Figur 7b
den Verfahrensschritt Spalten; und
Figur 8
eine besondere Ausführungsform des Anschlagmittels.
Show it:
FIG. 1
The inventive device in Ablängposition for cutting to length of the piece of wood;
FIG. 2.
the inventive device in the gap position for splitting the wood section;
FIG. 3
the supervision of the inventive device in the direction of arrow A according to Figure 1;
FIG. 4
an alternative embodiment of the device in the gap position;
FIG. 5
a further alternative embodiment of the device also in the gap position;
FIG. 6
an exemplary embodiment of the splitting blade;
Figure 7a
the process steps recording and cutting to length;
FIG. 7b
the method step columns; and
FIG. 8
a particular embodiment of the stop means.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung 1 zum Ablängen und Spalten eines Holzstückes 9. Die Vorrichtung 1 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Fördermittel 2 mit daran angebrachter Greifvorrichtung 4 sowie einem Ablängmittel 7 und einer Spaltanordnung 14, die die Komponenten Anschlagmittel 5, Hydraulikzylinder 6 und Spaltwiderlager 8 enthält.Figure 1 shows a side view of a device 1 for cutting and splitting a piece of wood 9. The device 1 consists essentially of a conveyor 2 with attached gripping device 4 and a cutting means 7 and a gap assembly 14, the components stop means 5, hydraulic cylinder 6 and gap abutment 8 contains.

Die Greifvorrichtung 4 weist ein Greifzangenpaar auf, welches das Holzstück 9 erfassen kann. Das Anschlagmittel 5 lässt sich entlang der Längsachse des Fördermittels 2 in einer nicht dargestellten Führungsschiene so verschieben, dass vom Benutzer die jeweils gewünschte Längenvorgabe für einen Holzabschnitt vorgenommen werden kann. Beim Erfassen des Holzstückes 9 mit der Greifvorrichtung 4 wird die Stirnfläche 9a im wesentlichen bündig an das Anschlagmittel 5 plaziert. Die Greifvorrichtung 4 umschliesst das Holzstück 9 derart, dass dieses keine Bewegungsfreiheit, insbesondere in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Arbeitsachse 15, aufweist. Das Ablängmittel 7 in Form einer Kettensäge trennt einen Abschnitt mit definierter Länge vom langen Holzstück 9 ab. Die Ausführung der Befestigung des Ablängmittels 7 ist derart ausgelegt, dass weder eine Gefahr für eine Beschädigung des Ablängmittels 7 während dem Erfassen des Holzstückes 9 noch beim nachfolgenden Vorgang des Spalten eines Holzabschnittes besteht. Gleichzeitig erfolgt die Anordnung des Ablängmittels 7 so, dass sich auch keine Gefährdung von eventuell in der Nähe befindlichen Personen ergibt. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel kann das Schwert der Kettensäge in einer bogenförmigen Bewegung aus der Ablängposition herausgeführt werden und dabei das lange Holzstück 9 durchtrennen. Der Antrieb der Kette kann über die Hydraulikeinrichtung der Hebevorrichtung (Kran) erfolgen. Dabei würden die entsprechenden Schlauchleitungen für den Antrieb (nicht gezeigt) am Hebekran 3 angeschlossen werden. Das Spaltwiderlager 8 der Spaltvorrichtung 14 findet sich während des Ablängvorganges in seiner Ruheposition und ist ausserhalb des Bereichs des Holzstücks 9 plaziert.The gripping device 4 has a gripper pair, which can detect the piece of wood 9. The stop means 5 can be moved along the longitudinal axis of the conveyor 2 in a guide rail, not shown, so that the user can be made each desired length specification for a wood section. When detecting the piece of wood 9 with the gripping device 4, the end face 9a is placed substantially flush with the stop means 5. The gripping device 4 encloses the piece of wood 9 such that it has no freedom of movement, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the working axis 15. The cutting means 7 in the form of a chain saw separates a section of defined length from the long piece of wood 9. The execution of the attachment of the cutting means 7 is designed such that neither a risk of damage to the cutting means 7 during the detection of the piece of wood 9 nor in the subsequent operation of splitting a section of wood. At the same time, the arrangement of the cutting means 7 takes place in such a way that there is no danger to persons who may be in the vicinity. In the illustrated embodiment, the sword of the chainsaw can be led out in an arcuate movement of the Ablängposition and thereby sever the long piece of wood 9. The drive of the chain can be done via the hydraulic device of the lifting device (crane). The corresponding hose lines for the drive (not shown) would be connected to the lifting crane 3. The gap abutment 8 of the splitting device 14 is found during the Ablängvorganges in its rest position and is placed outside the range of the wood piece 9.

Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung 1 ist in Figur 2 in der Anordnung zum Spalten eines Holzabschnittes 10 gezeigt. Die Vorrichtung 1 wird über einen Hebekran 3 gehalten. Die am Fördermittel 2 befindliche Greifeinrichtung 4 wird für den Spaltvorgang so weit geöffnet, dass der Holzabschnitt 10 eine Bewegungsfreiheit, insbesondere in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Arbeitsachse 15; besitzt. Das Ablängmittel 7 befindet sich für den Spaltvorgang in seiner Ruheposition. Das Spaltwiderlager 8 der Spaltanordnung 14 ist nun in dessen Arbeitsposition. Am Spaltwiderlager 8 ist beispielsweise ein Spaltmesser (nicht gezeigt) angebracht. Der Hydraulikzylinder 6 drückt über das Anschlagmittel 5 den Holzabschnitt gegen das Spaltwiderlager 8 der Spaltanordnung 14 und bewirkt die Spaltung des Holzabschnittes 10. Die in der Figur 2 nicht gezeigten Spaltmesser können hierbei entweder am Anschlagmittel 5 oder Spaltwiderlager 8 oder an beiden Komponenten der Spaltanordnung 14 angebracht sein.The device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2 in the arrangement for splitting a wood section 10. The device 1 is held by a lifting crane 3. The gripper 4 located on the conveyor 2 is so for the splitting operation wide open, that the wood section 10 a freedom of movement, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the working axis 15; has. The cutting means 7 is in its rest position for the splitting operation. The gap abutment 8 of the gap assembly 14 is now in its working position. At the gap abutment 8, for example, a splitting blade (not shown) is attached. The hydraulic cylinder 6 presses on the stop means 5, the wood portion against the gap abutment 8 of the nip assembly 14 and causes the splitting of the wood portion 10. The splitting knife not shown in Figure 2 can here either the stop means 5 or gap abutment 8 or attached to both components of the gap assembly 14 be.

Eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung ist in Figur 3 gezeigt (Pfeilrichtung A gemäss Figur 1). Die Greifvorrichtung 4 fixiert das Holzstück 9 bzw. den daraus entstandene Holzabschnitt 10 so, dass kein Bewegungsspielraum verbleibt. Deutlich ist erkennbar, dass das Spaltwiderlager 8 der Spaltanordnung vom Holzstück 9 bzw. vom Holzabschnitt 10 abgewandt positioniert ist. Das Spaltwiderlager 8 kann entweder über eine Drehbewegung oder einen Verschubmechanismus in die Arbeitsachse der Spaltanordnung gebracht werden. Die Kettensäge als Ablängmittel 7 bewegt sich in einer bogenförmigen Richtung durch das Holzstück 9 und trennt so einen Holzabschnitt 10 mit definierter Länge ab. Der abgetrennte Rest des Holzstückes 9 fällt auf den Boden zurück.A side view of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 (arrow direction A according to FIG. 1). The gripping device 4 fixes the piece of wood 9 or the resulting wood section 10 so that no freedom of movement remains. It can clearly be seen that the gap abutment 8 of the gap arrangement is positioned away from the piece of wood 9 or away from the wood section 10. The gap abutment 8 can be brought into the working axis of the gap arrangement either via a rotary movement or a displacement mechanism. The chain saw as Ablängmittel 7 moves in an arcuate direction through the piece of wood 9, thus separating a wood portion 10 of a defined length. The separated remainder of the piece of wood 9 falls back to the ground.

Figur 4 zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung. Der Hydraulikzylinder 6 wirkt auf das Anschlagmittel 5 mit einem daran befestigten Spaltmesser 11. Der Hydraulikzylinder ist in dieser Ausführungsform in das Fördermittel 2 integriert. Während die Kettensäge als Ablängmittel 7 in dessen Ruhestellung positioniert ist, befindet sich das Spaltwiderlager 8 als Gegenlager in seiner Arbeitsposition. Der Holzabschnitt 10 wird durch die Greifvorrichtung 4 gehalten. Durch die Ausfahrbewegung des Hydraulikzylinders 6 wird das Anschlagmittel 5 mit dem Spaltmesser 11 gegen die Stirnseite 10b des Holzabschnittes 10 gedrückt. Im weiteren Verlauf des Spaltvorganges wird die Stirnseite 10a gegen das Spaltwiderlager 8 gedrückt und der Holzabschnitt 10 wird gespalten. Das Spaltmesser 11 weist einen keilförmigen Querschnitt auf und verursacht beim Auftreffen auf die Stirnfläche lOb ein Auseinanderdrücken der sich bildenden Hälften des Holzabschnittes 10.FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the device according to the invention. The hydraulic cylinder 6 acts on the stop means 5 with a splitting blade 11 attached thereto. The hydraulic cylinder is integrated into the conveying means 2 in this embodiment. While the chainsaw is positioned as Ablängmittel 7 in its rest position, there is the gap abutment 8 as an abutment in his working position. The wood section 10 is held by the gripping device 4. By the extension movement of the hydraulic cylinder 6, the stop means 5 is pressed with the splitting blade 11 against the end face 10 b of the wood section 10. In the further course of the splitting process, the end face 10a is pressed against the gap abutment 8 and the wood section 10 is split. The splitting blade 11 has a wedge-shaped cross-section and caused when hitting the end face lOb a pressing apart of the forming halves of the wood section 10th

Eine weitere Variante der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung 1 ist in einem Teilausschnitt in Figur 5 dargestellt. Das Ablängmittel 7 in Form der Kettensäge befindet sich hier wiederum in seiner Ruheposition. Der Holzabschnitt 10 wird ebenfalls durch die Greifvorrichtung 4 gehalten. In dieser Ausführungsform ist zusätzlich das Spaltwiderlager 8 der Spaltvorrichtung beweglich in der Richtung der Arbeitsachse ausgeführt. Ein Hydraulikzylinder 6' drückt dabei das Spaltwiderlager 8 gegen den Holzabschnitt 10. Zusätzlich ist das am Spaltwiderlager 8 befestigte Spaltmesser 12 höhenverstellbar angebracht. Dies ermöglicht insbesondere für den Fall eines komplexer ausgeformten Spaltmessers 12 das Zentrum des Spaltmessers in die Längsachse 15 des Holzabschnittes 10 auszurichten. Hierdurch wird ein einfacheres Spalten des Holzabschnittes 10 durchführbar.A further variant of the device 1 according to the invention is shown in a partial detail in FIG. The cutting means 7 in the form of the chain saw is again in its rest position. The wood section 10 is also held by the gripping device 4. In addition, in this embodiment, the gap abutment 8 of the gap device is made to be movable in the direction of the working axis. A hydraulic cylinder 6 'presses the gap abutment 8 against the wood section 10. In addition, the splitting blade 8 attached to the splitting abutment 8 is mounted vertically adjustable. This makes it possible, in particular for the case of a more complex shaped splitting blade 12, to align the center of the splitting blade with the longitudinal axis 15 of the wood section 10. As a result, a simpler splitting of the wood section 10 is feasible.

Figur 6 zeigt eine komplexere Ausführungsform eines Spaltmessers 11 bzw. 12, welches sowohl am Anschlagmittel 5 und/oder am Spaltwiderlager 8 der Spaltanordnung vorhanden sein kann.Figure 6 shows a more complex embodiment of a splitting blade 11 and 12, which may be present both on the stop means 5 and / or on the gap abutment 8 of the gap arrangement.

Die Figuren 7a und 7b zeigen die Schritte des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens zum Ablängen und Spalten von Holzstücken 9. Im ersten Arbeitsschritt wird das Holzstück 9 mit der Greifvorrichtung 4 der Vorrichtung 1 in einer Ausgangsposition A1 erfasst und aufgenommen. Beim Erfassen wird gleichzeitig die Stirnfläche 9a des Holzstückes 9 im wesentlichen bündig an das Anschlagmittel 5 gebracht. In der Ablängposition A2 wird das Ablängmittel 7 in Form der Kettensäge zum Einsatz gebracht. Während der mit einer definierten Länge entstandene Holzabschnitt in der Greifvorrichtung 4 verbleibt, fällt das Reststück 9r des Holzstückes 9 zu Boden. Im Verlauf des Abtrennvorgangs ist das Holzstück 9 fest in der Greifvorrichtung 4 fixiert. Nachdem das Ablängmittel 7 in seine Ruheposition zurückgebracht ist, wird das Spaltwiderlager 8 der Spaltanordnung in die Spaltposition A3 überführt. In dieser Position A3 wird dann der Holzabschnitt 10 entsprechend aufgespalten. Die Greifvorrichtung 4 wird hierzu etwas geöffnet, um dem Holzabschnitt 10 eine gewisse Bewegungsfreiheit in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Arbeitsachse zu geben. Nach dem Spalten werden die Holzspalte 13 in einer Endposition E aus der Greifvorrichtung 4 abgelegt.FIGS. 7 a and 7 b show the steps of the method according to the invention for cutting and splitting pieces of wood 9. In the first working step, the piece of wood 9 is connected to the gripping device 4 the device 1 detected and recorded in an initial position A1. When detecting the end face 9a of the piece of wood 9 is brought at the same time substantially flush with the stop means 5. In the cutting position A2, the cutting means 7 in the form of the chain saw is used. While the wood portion having a defined length remains in the gripping device 4, the remnant piece 9r of the wood piece 9 falls to the ground. In the course of the separation process, the piece of wood 9 is firmly fixed in the gripping device 4. After the cutting means 7 is returned to its rest position, the gap abutment 8 of the nip assembly is transferred to the nip position A3. In this position A3 then the wood section 10 is split accordingly. The gripping device 4 is this somewhat opened to give the wood portion 10 a certain freedom of movement in a direction perpendicular to the working axis. After splitting, the wood gaps 13 are deposited from the gripping device 4 in an end position E.

In einer anderen Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 1 enthält das Anschlagmittel 5 einen Anschlagstempel 16. Wie Figur 8 zeigt, besitzen das Anschlagmittel 5 und der Anschlagstempel 16 eine gemeinsame Fläche auf der Seite, die zum Holzstück 9 bzw. Holzabschnitt 10 weist. Der Anschlagstempel 16 wird durch den Hydraulikzylinder 6 während des Spaltvorganges in Richtung der Arbeitsachse 15 herausgedrückt. Insbesondere wenn der Anschlagstempel 16 Spaltmesser enthält (nicht gezeigt), wird durch das Versenken des Anschlagstempels 16 im Anschlagmittel 5 verhindert, dass die Spaltmesser während des Ablängvorganges in die Stirnseite 9a des Holzes gedrückt werden und möglicherweise dadurch eine Beschädigung des Ablängmittels 7 aufgrund von beispielsweise Verklemmen verursacht wird.In another embodiment of the device 1, the stop means 5 comprises a stopper 16. As shown in FIG. 8, the stop means 5 and the stopper 16 have a common surface on the side facing the piece of wood 9 or wood section 10. The stopper 16 is pushed out by the hydraulic cylinder 6 during the splitting operation in the direction of the working axis 15. In particular, when the stopper punch 16 includes splitting blades (not shown), is prevented by the sinking of the stopper punch 16 in the stop means 5 that the splitting knives are pressed during the Ablängvorganges in the end face 9a of the wood and possibly damage to the cutting means 7 due to, for example, jamming is caused.

Aufgrund der Beschreibung ist es für den Fachmann möglich, unterschiedlichste Anordnungen von Spaltmesser, dem Ablängmittel 7, der Greifvorrichtung 4 und dem Spaltwiderlager 8 zu entwerfen. Ebenso sind unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten für die Bewegungsmöglichkeiten des Abtrennmittels 7 und des Spaltwiderlagers 8 der Spaltanordnung möglich, ohne jedoch das Prinzip der Erfindung zu verlassen.Due to the description, it is possible for the skilled person to design a variety of arrangements of splitting blade, the cutting means 7, the gripping device 4 and the gap abutment 8. Likewise, different possibilities for the movement possibilities of the separating means 7 and the gap abutment 8 of the gap arrangement are possible, but without departing from the principle of the invention.

Claims (11)

  1. Device (1) for splitting wood, having at least one conveying means (2) which has a gripping device (4) and is intended for seizing, holding and transporting a piece of wood (9) into a working position (A2), and having a splitting arrangement (14) arranged on the conveying means, and also having a cutting-to-length means (7) which is arranged on the conveying means (2) and is intended for cutting to length a piece of wood (9) which is held in the working position, characterized in that a stop means (5) for fixing the length dimension of the piece of wood (9), to be cut to length, in a variable manner is arranged on the conveying means (2), the cutting-to-length means (7) and the stop means (5) being movable relative to one another, and in that the splitting arrangement has a splitting abutment (8) which can be moved between a splitting position (A3), in which it bears against an end face (9a) of a cut-to-length piece of wood (9), and a cutting-to-length position (A2), in which it does not impair the receiving of an extra long piece of wood (9), the cutting-to-length means (7), with respect to the working axis (15), being arranged between the gripping device (4) and the splitting abutment (8).
  2. Device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cutting-to-length means (7) can be moved between a cutting-to-length position (A2), in which it is placed against the seized, cut-to-length piece of wood (9), and a splitting position (A3), in which it does not impair the splitting of the section of wood (10) .
  3. Device (1) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the cutting-to-length means (7) is a preferably hydraulically driven saw, in particular a chain saw.
  4. Device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stop means (5) is part of the splitting arrangement (14).
  5. Device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stop means (5) contains splitting blades (11).
  6. Device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the stop means (5) contains a stop plunger (16), which is displaceable in a direction essentially parallel to the working axis (15).
  7. Device (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that a splitting blade (11) is arranged on the stop plunger (16) .
  8. Device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the splitting abutment (8) of the splitting arrangement (14) contains splitting blades (12).
  9. Method of cutting wood to length and of splitting wood, comprising the following steps:
    - seizing a piece of wood (9) using a conveying means (2), having a gripping device (4), in an initial position (A1);
    - cutting the piece of wood (9) to length, which is seized by the gripping device (4), using a cutting-to-length means (7), arranged on the conveying means (2), in a cutting-to-length position (A2);
    - characterized by placing a splitting abutment (8) against the cut-to-length end face (10a) of the section of wood (10);
    - splitting the section of wood (10), seized by the gripping device (4), along a working axis (15) using a splitting arrangement (14) comprising at least one splitting blade (11, 12).
  10. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the piece of wood (9) is cut to a pre-definable length by placing it against a stop means (5).
  11. Method according to either of Claims 9 and 10, characterized in that at least one splitting blade (11, 12) of the splitting arrangement (14) is oriented coaxially to the working axis of the section of wood (10) before the splitting.
EP02764476A 2001-10-10 2002-10-08 Device and method for splitting wood Expired - Lifetime EP1434673B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH187101 2001-10-10
CH18712001 2001-10-10
PCT/CH2002/000557 WO2003031129A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2002-10-08 Device and method for splitting wood

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EP1434673A1 EP1434673A1 (en) 2004-07-07
EP1434673B1 true EP1434673B1 (en) 2006-03-22

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EP02764476A Expired - Lifetime EP1434673B1 (en) 2001-10-10 2002-10-08 Device and method for splitting wood

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EP (1) EP1434673B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE320895T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50206156D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003031129A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10302906A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-05 Christian Kessler Woodworking device
JP2007118407A (en) * 2005-10-28 2007-05-17 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Working machine
EP2832510B1 (en) * 2013-08-02 2018-02-28 Haiko Hörter Device and method for producing split wood
DE202015106268U1 (en) 2015-11-18 2015-12-09 Fliegl Agro-Center GmbH Woodworking System

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1625697A1 (en) * 1989-02-20 1991-02-07 Карельский научно-исследовательский институт лесной промышленности Mounted wood working arrangement
SU1761472A1 (en) * 1990-07-09 1992-09-15 Карельский научно-исследовательский институт лесной промышленности Wood-working mounting device
CH690673A5 (en) * 1996-01-24 2000-12-15 Ernst Brunner Device for splitting wood has conveyor device provided with grip and which secures, hold and transports wooden piece to work position. Splitting arrangement is provided on conveyor device
FI111447B (en) * 2000-01-19 2003-07-31 Tarmo Petri Paeivi Pitkaeniemi Vedklabbningsmaskin

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EP1434673A1 (en) 2004-07-07
WO2003031129A1 (en) 2003-04-17
DE50206156D1 (en) 2006-05-11
ATE320895T1 (en) 2006-04-15

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