EP1426526B1 - Schalung - Google Patents
Schalung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1426526B1 EP1426526B1 EP03026439A EP03026439A EP1426526B1 EP 1426526 B1 EP1426526 B1 EP 1426526B1 EP 03026439 A EP03026439 A EP 03026439A EP 03026439 A EP03026439 A EP 03026439A EP 1426526 B1 EP1426526 B1 EP 1426526B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formwork
- elements
- fixation
- brims
- construction according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/02—Connecting or fastening means for non-metallic forming or stiffening elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
- E04G11/10—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring of elements without beams which are mounted during erection of the shuttering to brace or couple the elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
- E04G13/021—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor for circular columns
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
- E04G13/023—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor with means for modifying the sectional dimensions
- E04G13/025—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor with means for modifying the sectional dimensions with stiff clamping means bracing the back-side of the form without penetrating the forming surface
- E04G13/026—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor with means for modifying the sectional dimensions with stiff clamping means bracing the back-side of the form without penetrating the forming surface the forming surface-element being the same for different sections of the column
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
- E04G13/028—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor for columns' capital
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G2009/028—Forming boards or similar elements with reinforcing ribs on the underside
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a formwork made of thermoplastic material or of rigid composite to be used in the construction of concrete pillars with circular or elliptic cross-section, or of concrete walls, and to the respective formwork fixation system.
- Formworks are usually made of steel or wood. Although the formworks made of these materials can be reused, they present several disadvantages, namely their high weight, which makes more difficult and expensive both the respective transport to the construction site and the handling during construction work, and their strong surface adhesion to concrete, which demands, many times, the use of oils to minimize adhesion and the need for cleaning of the formwork after drying of the concrete.
- tubular formworks made of paper used for the construction of concrete pillars such as the ones described by patent FR2646868, present low weight and allow a good surface finishing.
- tubular formworks made of paper occupy a high volume that increases transportation costs, besides presenting a very low stiffness, which makes difficult their manipulation without significant deformation as well as their vertical positioning during the filling of the paper formwork with concrete.
- the tubular nature of the formwork limits the pillar cross-section to a circular one and requires the positioning of the formwork to be made from above the steel structure of the pillar, which limits its use.
- the paper composition of these formworks makes them prone to water absorption by exposition to rain and high air humidity conditions at the construction site.
- the tubular formworks made of paper are non-reusable, which makes very high the ratio between unitary cost/number of times used.
- the present invention is related to a formwork to be used in civil construction comprising curved elements of semicircular shape, flat elements of plate shape, or both, having transversal ribs and vertical ribs on the outer surfaces of said elements, first brims for lateral support which define the cross section of the formwork by the fixation of two curved elements positioned face-to-face, or two flat elements positioned side by side, second brims for top support for fixing two curved elements or two flat elements, positioned one above the other, characterised in that the elements further comprise ramps disposed between second brims and said outer surface providing areas for support of the formwork by bars or beams that help to maintain the vertical alignment of the formwork, the formworks also comprising fixation corners for fixation of the first brims for lateral support, fixation levers for fixation of the second brims for top support, and cramps for blocking the fixation corners when assembled into the first brims for lateral support.
- This invention proposes formworks for the construction of concrete pillars for civil engineering with circular or elliptic cross-section or walls and the respective formwork fixation system.
- the formworks are made of thermoplastic or composite material, being the thermoplastic a polyolefin, a polyester, a polyamide, a styrene-based thermoplastic, a vinyl-based thermoplastic, or any other mixture containing any of these materials, being the composite any of the previous thermoplastic materials reinforced with glass, aramid or carbon fibres.
- the formwork is obtained by the assembly of several components according with the height and cross-section of the pillar to be constructed.
- the reduced dimensions and the low density of the formwork components makes the transportation inside and outside the construction site easy and cheap, and its handling and assembly possible by a single worker.
- the assembly of the components can be made around the steel structure of the pillar that eases its use.
- the weak adhesion of the concrete to the thermoplastic or composite material of the formwork produces a good surface finishing of the concrete pillar, which reduces finishing steps and avoids the use of lubricating oils.
- the thermoplastic formwork composition assures a low thermal conductivity of the formwork relatively to metal formworks that makes their manipulation at low or high temperatures more comfortable to the worker.
- a flexible thermoplastic sleeve can be used inside the formwork. This flexible sleeve is inserted from above the steel structure before the assembly of the formwork. Once the formwork is assembled around the sleeve, the sleeve itself is tied up to the top of the formwork.
- the formwork After pouring and drying of the concrete, the formwork is disassembled and can be used for many other times, making very low the ratio between unitary cost/number of times used.
- the plastic sleeve when used also protects the pillar after disassembling of the formwork from small side impacts at the construction site. At the end of work, the plastic sleeve is torn off leaving the surface of the pillar exposed.
- the formwork is composed by curved elements (1) and/or flat elements (2) and is fixed by fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) made of thermoplastic or composite material.
- the curved elements (1) of the formwork have a concave shape.
- the flat elements (2) of the formwork have a plate shape.
- the elements (1) and (2) have second brims (5) for top support and first brims (6) for lateral support.
- the second brims (5) for top support and first brims (6) for lateral support aim to increase both the contact area and the parallel alignment between curved elements (1), between flat elements (2) or between curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) when fixed.
- the elements (1) and (2) have transversal ribs (7) that assure the mechanical reinforcement and minimize warpage, as well as vertical ribs (8) that provide mechanical reinforcement and help visually the alignment of the formwork by the worker, both on the outer surface of said elements.
- the cross section of the formwork when assembled using only curved elements (1), fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) is defined by the contact of first brims (6) for lateral support of two curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face, which have dimensions defined accordingly to the diameter of the pillar to be built.
- two capital-base elements (9) can be used, which are positioned face-to-face and which are fixed together and to the curved elements (1) located above or below them by fixation levers (4).
- the capital-base elements (9) have transversal ribs (7) and vertical ribs (8), which assure the mechanical reinforcement and increase the dimensional stability of the capital-base elements (9).
- the capital-base elements (9) have second brims (5) for top support and first brims (6) for lateral support and can have variable geometries according to aesthetics desired for the capital or for the base.
- Elements (1) and (2) have ramps (10) disposed between second brims (5) and the outer surface of the elements providing areas for support of the formwork by bars or beams that help to maintain the vertical alignment of the formwork.
- the flat elements (2) can be assembled as an option combined with curved elements (1), fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) in order to produce formworks with elliptical cross section, being the cross section defined by the contact of the first brims (6) for lateral support of the curved elements (1) and the first brims (6) of the flat elements (2) positioned along the perimeter, which have dimensions defined accordingly to the diameter of the pillar to be built.
- the flat elements (2), the fixation corners (3) and the fixation levers (4) can be assembled in order to produce flat formworks suitable for the construction of support walls.
- the height of the formwork is defined by the number of curved (1) or flat (2) elements used in the vertical direction.
- the height of the formwork can also be adjusted by the cutting of the curved elements (1), flat elements (2) and fixation corners (3) in order to obtain a given height, which is not possible by the current state-of-the-art in this field.
- the second brims (5) for top support of the curved elements (1), flat elements (2) and capital-base (9) elements create a contact area between curved elements (1), flat elements (2) or between curved elements (1) and capital-base (9) elements when vertically positioned one above the other, which helps the alignment of the formwork and assures the parallel positioning between elements.
- the second brims (5) for top support have elongated openings (11) with a circular shape at its centre and in the outer surface bosses (12) at each side of the opening, forming a half channel (13) profile on the second brim (5) that assures the interaction of such elements with the fixation levers (4) and guarantees the fixing of the formwork elements and the rigidity of the assembly.
- each fixation lever (4) When the fixation levers (4) are placed in the openings, each fixation lever (4) has in one of its extremities an axe (14) with two pins (15) that interact with the elevations (12) on the second brims (5) during the 90° rotation that assure the fixation of the levers to the formwork elements.
- the interference of the pins (15) with the elevations (12) at each side increase the compression of the pins (15) during rotation of the fixation lever (4) and impedes the accidental rotation of the lever after fixation.
- the fixation levers (4) can possess several cavities (16) that decrease the cross section and the weight of the part without reduction of the outer dimension and the respective moment of inertia.
- the first brims (6) create a surface for lateral support between curved elements (1), between flat elements (2), and between curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) aimed to guarantee the parallel position between formwork elements.
- the first brims (6) for lateral support of both the curved elements (1) and the flat elements (2) have inclined cuts (17) terminating in the form of a hook that allow the assembly of the fixation corners (3) containing a longitudinal gutter (18) that fits in the first brims (6) of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face, or in the first brims (6) of curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) positioned face-by-side, or in the first brims (6) of flat elements positioned side-by-side.
- the fixation corner (3) has beams (19) that fit into the inclined cuts (17) located at the first brims (6) that assure the fixation of curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) and impede the accidental disassembly of the formwork.
- the fixation corners (3) have ribs (20) that assure the rigidity and dimensional stability of the part.
- the first brims (6) have circular holes (21) for assembly of metallic cramps (22) that provide additional fixing of the formwork, being its use indicated for transportation of assembled formworks.
- the fixation corners (3) have slits (23) at the opposite side of the gutter (18) to allow the coupling of the cramps (22) to the holes (21) of first brims (6).
- the cramps (22) assure coupling sites from which the formwork can be raised and transported, which allows the assembling of the formwork to be carried out in a place different than the construction site.
- the first brims (6) for lateral support of the capital-base elements (9) have elongated openings (11) with a circular shape at its centre and bosses (12) at each side of the opening, forming a half channel (13) profile on the first brim (6) that assures the interaction of such elements with the fixation levers (4) and guarantees the fixing of the capital-base elements (9) and the rigidity of the assembly.
- the formworks made of thermoplastic or composite materials composed by curved elements (1), fixation corners (3), and/or fixation levers (4) can be assembled in three distinct versions as presented in Figures 11, 12 and 13 for examples of formworks composed by four curved elements.
- the first version, presented in Figure 11, consists in the assembly of pairs of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face with alignment of both the vertical ribs (8) and the openings (11) of the second brims (5) for top support of the pair of curved elements (1) located above relatively to the pair below, with each fixation corner (3) fitted, at most, in two curved elements (1), being the fixation of the curved elements (1) in the vertical direction assured by fixation levers (4).
- This mode of assembly is suitable for formworks composed by a reduced number of formwork elements that are used to produce pillars of small height, for which the demands in terms of formwork stiffness are low.
- the second version presented in Figure 12, consists in the assembly of pairs of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face with alignment of both the vertical ribs (8) and the openings (11) of the first brims (6) for top support of the pair of curved elements (1) located above relatively to the pair below, with each fixation corner (3) fitted, at least, in four curved elements (1), being the fixation of the curved elements (1) in the vertical direction assured or not by additional fixation levers (4).
- This mode of assembly is suitable for formworks composed by a high number of formwork elements, suitable for the construction of pillars of very high height, for which the demands in terms of formwork stiffness are high.
- the third version presented in Figure 13, consists of the assembly of pairs of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face with misalignment of the vertical ribs (8) and alignment of the openings (11) of the second brims (5) for top support of the pair of curved elements (1) located above relatively to the pair below, with each fixation corner (3) fitted, at most, in two curved elements (1), being the fixation of the curved elements (1) in the vertical direction assured by fixation levers (4).
- This mode of assembly is suitable for formworks subjected to high mechanical forces induced by concrete vibration or very high concrete densities.
- the flat formworks used for building support walls composed by flat elements (2), fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) can be assembled with belts (24) as an option.
- the belts (24) avoid the motion of each of the formwork walls and assure a higher resistance of the formwork during the filling with concrete.
- These belts can be made of rigid or flexible thermoplastic material and have a rectangular shape with two elongated apertures (25) at each extremity.
- the belt (24) is positioned between the second brims (5) of top support of two flat (2) elements positioned one above the other, so that the apertures (25) are coincident with the openings (11).
- fixation levers (4) coincident with the openings (11) and the apertures (25) assures the fixation of the belts (24).
- the formworks made of thermoplastic or composite materials composed by curved elements (1), fixation corners (3), and/or fixation levers (4) can be assembled as an option with a flexible internal sleeve (26) made of thermoplastic material that assures a high quality surface finish of the pillar and protects it after disassembly of the formwork.
- the internal sleeve (26) is swept through the steel structure before or after the assembly of the formwork.
- the internal sleeve (26) has several longitudinal coups (27) in the top extremity to allow the folding.
- These folds (28) have openings (11) with a circular shape at its centre that are identical to the openings (11) located at the second brims (5) for top support of curved elements (1).
- the formwork Once the formwork is assembled around the internal sleeve (26), it can be fixed to the top of the formwork.
- the folds (28) at the extremity of the internal sleeve (26) can be folded in a way that the openings (11) located at both the internal sleeve (26) and the second brims (5) for top support become coincident, which allows the fixation of the internal sleeve (26) by fixation levers (4) to the top of the formwork.
- the diameter of the internal sleeve (26) is slightly lower than the one of the formwork as a way to allow expansion in the radial direction of sleeve during concrete pouring, which avoids the wrinkling of the internal sleeve (26) and consequent surface irregularities at the pillar surface.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Claims (23)
- Eine Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, bestehend ausa. Runden, halbkreisförmigen Schalungselementen (1), flachen plattenförmigen Schalungselementen (2) oder beiden, miti) Horizontalen Schalungsbögen (7) und vertikalen Schalungsbögen(8)an der Oberfläche der besagten Elemente,ii) erste Randelemente (6) für eine seitliche Sicherung, die den Querschnitt der Schalung durch die Fixierung von zwei gegenüberliegenden runden Schalungselementen (1)oder zwei seitlich aneinandergelegten flachen Schalungselementen (2) bestimmen,iii) zweite Randelemente (5)für eine obere Sicherung zur Fixierung von zwei gebogenen Elementen (1) oder zwei flachen Elementen (2), die übereinandergesetzt sind;
die Elemente (1,2) zudem bestehend ausiv) Rampen (10) die zwischen den zweiten Randelementen der besagten äußeren Oberfläche angeordnet sind, um Flächen für die Stützung der Schalung durch Stäbe oder Balken zu ermöglichen und die vertikale Ausrichtung der Schalung zu stabilisieren,die Schalungen zudem bestehend ausb. Eckstücken (3) zur Fixierung der ersten Randelemente (6)für eine seitliche Sicherung,c. Hebel (4)zur Fixierung der zweiten Randelemente (5) für die obere Sicherung,d. Zwingen (22) zur Blockierung der Fixierungseckstücke (3) wenn diese mit den ersten Randelementen (6) für eine seitliche Sicherung zusammengesetzt werden. - Eine Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 1 beschrieben, gekennzeichnet durch eine Zusammensetzung von runden Schalungselementen (1) zusammen mit flachen Schalungselementen (2), sodass durch den Kontakt der ersten Randelemente (6) für eine seitliche Sicherung der runden Elemente (1) und flachen Elemente (2), welche den Umriss entlang platziert sind, eine Schalung mit einem ovalen Querschnitt entsteht.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 1 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass sie unten oder oben Kapitell- oder Basiselemente (9) besitzt, die durch den Kontakt mit den ersten Randelementen(6) für seitliche Sicherung direkt an den Rest der Schalung anschließen und zu den darüber und darunter liegenden runden Elementen durch Fixierungshebel (4) fixiert sind; die Kapitell- oder Basiselemente (9) haben ebenso horizontale Schalungsbögen (7) wie auch vertikale Schalungsbögen (8).
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die vertikale Höhe durch Kürzen der Länge der jeweiligen Schalungselemente und fixierenden Eckstücke (3) reguliert werden kann.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, gekennzeichnet dadurch dass die für die Sicherung der Oberfläche bestimmten zweiten Randelemente (5) verlängerte Öffnungen (11) mit einer runden Form in der Mitte und Naben (12) an jeder Seite der Öffnung (11) haben, die ein Profil einer halben Rinne (13)am Randelement auf der der Kontaktseite mit dem danebenliegenden runden Element (1), flachen Element (2) oder Kapitell- oder Basiselement (9) gegenüberliegenden Seite formen, welche die gegenseitige Einwirkung dieser Elemente mit den Fixierungshebeln (4) sichert und die Fixierung der Schalungselemente und Festigkeit der Konstruktion garantiert.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Fixierungshebel (4) in einer ihrer Extremitäten eine Achse (24) und Bolzen (15) haben, die mit der Höhe (12) durch eine 90° Rotation interreagieren, welche den Druck der Bolzen (15) durch die Rotation der Fixierungshebel (4) erhöht und die eine mögliche Rotation des Hebels nach seiner Fixierung verhindern; der Fixierungshebel (4) hat mehrere Höhlungen (16), die den Querschnitt und das Gewicht des Teiles ohne Verringerung der äußeren Dimension und des jeweiligen Trägheitsmoments reduzieren.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die ersten Randelemente (6) für die seitliche Stützung von runden Schalungselementen (1) sowie flachen Schalungselementen (2) schräge Scharten (17) besitzen, welche in Hakenform enden und deren Zusammensetzung mit Fixierungseckstücken (3) ermöglichen, welche Längsrinnen (18) beinhalten und in die ersten Randelemente (6) für die seitliche Sicherung der sich übereinanderliegenden runden Elemente (1) und flachen Elemente (2), oder der ersten Randelemente (6) zur seitlichen Sicherung der nebeneinanderliegenden flachen Elemente (2) hineinpassen.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Fixierungseckstücke 3) Balken (19) haben, welche in die an den ersten Randelementen (6) befindlichen schrägen Scharten passen, die für die seitliche Sicherung der Schalung bestimmt sind und die Fixierung der runden Schalungselemente (1) und flachen Schalungselemente(2) garantieren und ein mögliches Auseinandergehen der Schalung verhindern, sowie Schalungsbögen (20), welche die Festigkeit und dimensionale Stabilität des Teils sichern.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die für die seitliche Sicherung bestimmten ersten Randstücke (6) runde Löcher (21) zur Befestigung von Eisenzwingen (22) haben, welche eine zusätzliche Fixierung der Schalung verursachen; ihr Gebrauch ist für den Transport von bereits zusammengebauten Schalungen bestimmt.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Fixierungseckstücke (3) an der der Längsrinne (18) gegenüberliegenden Seite Schlitze (23) haben, die eine Verbindung der Zwingen (22) und Fixeriungseckstücken (6) ermöglichen; die Zwingen garantieren Verbindungsstellen an denen die Schalung leicht gehoben und transportiert werden kann.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, gekennzeichnet dadurch dass die für die Sicherung der Oberfläche bestimmten zweiten Randelemente (5) verlängerte Öffnungen (11) mit einer runden Form in der Mitte und Naben (12) an jeder Seite der Öffnung (11) haben, die ein Profil einer halben Rinne (13)am Randelement auf der der Kontaktseite mit dem danebenliegenden runden Element (1), flachen Element (2) oder Kapitell- oder Basiselement (9) gegenüberliegenden Seite formen, welche die gegenseitige Einwirkung dieser Elemente mit den Fixierungshebeln (4) sichert und die Fixierung der Schalungselemente und Festigkeit der Konstruktion garantiert.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 1 und 2 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die flachen Elemente (2) zusätzlich durch Gurtungen (24) verbunden werden können, die eine rechteckige Form haben und an jeder Extremität zwei verlängerte Öffnungen besitzen.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 1 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Gurtungen (24) zwischen den zweiten Randelementen (5) zur Sicherung von zwei übereinandergesetzten flachen Elementen (2) so positioniert ist, dass die Öffnungen (25) mit den Öffnungen (11) übereinstimmen und der Gebrauch von Fixierungshebeln (4) mit den Öffnungen (11) und Öffnungen (25) die Fixierung der Gürtel (24) ermöglicht.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 1 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass ihre Form eine vertikale Aufeinandersetzung von nebeneinanderliegenden Paaren runder Elemente (1) ermöglicht mit einer parallelen Ausrichtung der vertikalen Schalungsbögen (8) und Öffnungen (11) der zweiten Randelemente (5), die zur Sicherung der Oberfläche der aus zwei runden Elementen (1) bestehenden und sich genau über einem anderen Paaren befindenden Elemente dienen; jedes Fixierungseckstück (3) ist auf höchstens zwei gebogene Elemente (1) ausgerichtet, wobei die Fixierung der runden Elemente (1) in vertikaler Ausrichtung durch Fixierungshebel (4) gesichert wird; diese Konstruktionsweise ermöglicht eine Anwendung von Schalungen, die aus einer beschränkten Anzahl von Schalungselementen bestehen und die Errichtung von kleinen Pfeilern ermöglichen.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 1 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass ihre Form eine vertikale Aufeinandersetzung von nebeneinanderliegenden Paaren runder Elemente (1) ermöglicht mit einer parallelen Ausrichtung der vertikalen Schalungsbögen (8) und Öffnungen (11) der zweiten Randelemente (5), die zur Sicherung der Oberfläche der aus zwei runden Elementen (1) bestehenden und sich genau über einem anderen Paaren befindenden Elemente dienen; jedes Fixierungseckstück (3) ist auf mindestens vier gebogene Elemente (1) ausgerichtet, wobei die Fixierung der runden Elemente (1) in vertikaler Ausrichtung durch zusätzliche Fixierungshebel (4) gesichert werden kann oder nicht; diese Konstruktionsweise ermöglicht eine Anwendung von Schalungen die aus einer großen Anzahl von Schalungselementen bestehen und die Errichtung von sehr hohen Pfeilern ermöglicht.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 1 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass ihre Form eine vertikale Aufeinandersetzung von nebeneinanderliegenden Paaren runder Elemente (1) ermöglicht ohne parallele Ausrichtung der vertikalen Schalungsbögen (8) und Öffnungen (11) der zweiten Randelemente (5), die zur Sicherung der Oberfläche der aus zwei runden Elementen (1) bestehenden und sich genau über einem anderen Paaren befindenden Elemente dienen; jedes Fixierungseckstück (3) ist auf höchstens zwei runde Elemente (1) ausgerichtet, wobei die Fixierung der gebogenen Elemente (1) in vertikaler Ausrichtung durch Fixierungshebel (4) gesichert ist; diese Konstruktionsweise ermöglicht die Anwendung von Schalungen die hohen mechanischen Kräften ausgesetzt sind, welche durch Betonvibrationen oder sehr hohe Betondichte herbeigeführt werden können.
- Die wie in den vorherigen Punkten beschriebene Anwendung von Schalungen für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass alle ihre Bestandteile mit Ausnahme der Eisenzwingen (22) aus thermoplastischen Stoffen oder zusammengesetzten Baumaterialien mit einer niedrigen Dichte bestehen.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 17 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Konstruktionsmaterialien von einer Liste von Baustoffen, wie Polyolefine, Polyester, Polyamide, styrenische Polymere und Vinylthermoplasten, ausgewählt werden, sowie chemischen Verbindungen der vorangegangenen Materialien oder verstärkenden Zusammensetzungen mit Glas, Aramid- oder Kohlenstofffasern.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 1 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass sie mit einer zusätzlichen inneren Auskleidung (26) aus einem thermoplastischen Material angewendet werden kann, welche eine qualitativ hochwertige Oberflächenbeschaffung des Pfeilers sicher stellt, der ihn nach Ablösung der Schalung schützt.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in Punkt 19 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die innere Auskleidung (26) in ihrer obersten Extremität mehrere länglichen Rillen (27) besitzt, die ein leichtes Zusammenlegen ermöglichen, und Öffnungen (11) mit einer runden Form in der Mitte, die mit den Öffnungen (11) der zweiten Randelemente (5) identisch sind, die zur Sicherung des oberen Endes der runden Elemente dienen.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 19 und 20 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die innere Auskleidung (26) Falten (28) hat, die so ein Zusammenfalten ermöglichen, dass sich die Öffnungen (11) der inneren Auskleidung (26) und der zweiten Randelemente (5) zur Sicherung des oberen Endes der runden Elemente (1) decken und eine Fixierung der inneren Auskleidung (26) durch Fixierungshebel (4) an das obere Ende der Schalung ermöglichen.
- Die Schalung für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 19 bis 21 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass der Durchmesser der inneren Auskleidung (26) etwas geringer ist als der Durchmesser der Schalung, sodass während der Betoneinschüttung eine Ausdehnung der Auskleidung in radialer Richtung ermöglicht wird.
- Die für den Gebrauch in Hoch- und Tiefbau, wie in den Punkten 19 bis 22 beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die innere Auskleidung (26) aus einem Material besteht, welches von der Materialliste ausgewählt wird, die Polyolefine, styrenische Polymere und Vinylthermoplasten beinhaltet.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PT10287502 | 2002-11-22 | ||
PT102875A PT102875B (pt) | 2002-11-22 | 2002-11-22 | Cofragem para construcao civil |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1426526A2 EP1426526A2 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
EP1426526A3 EP1426526A3 (de) | 2005-06-08 |
EP1426526B1 true EP1426526B1 (de) | 2007-02-21 |
Family
ID=32310964
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP03026439A Expired - Lifetime EP1426526B1 (de) | 2002-11-22 | 2003-11-20 | Schalung |
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EP (1) | EP1426526B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE354709T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE60311943D1 (de) |
PT (2) | PT102875B (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2627554T3 (es) * | 2003-02-13 | 2017-07-28 | Geoplast S.P.A. | Encofrado modular reutilizable para hacer columnas |
EP1653025A3 (de) * | 2004-10-26 | 2008-05-14 | Gianazza Angelo S.p.A. | Modulare Schalung für den Bau von Mauern und Säulen |
CN104060822A (zh) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-24 | 山东电力建设第一工程公司 | 空冷钢外模板 |
CN104060823A (zh) * | 2014-07-13 | 2014-09-24 | 黄海林 | 一种现浇混凝土柱模板 |
CN104746871B (zh) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-08-31 | 中天建设集团有限公司 | 一种燕尾形大型混凝土墩柱的钢模板桁架结构 |
CN105133498A (zh) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏明福钢结构有限公司 | 一种防渗钢结构墩身模板 |
CN110506147B (zh) * | 2017-01-18 | 2021-06-04 | 创建城堡有限责任公司 | 用于模制结构的***、装置和方法 |
US11408187B2 (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2022-08-09 | Create A Castle, LLC | Mold systems having a separation tool for molding structures |
CN107023165B (zh) * | 2017-04-20 | 2023-11-07 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | 玻璃钢圆柱模板的密封***及施工方法 |
CN110700577A (zh) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-17 | 徐州鑫固钢模有限公司 | 一种具有内置板钢模板装置 |
CN111395743A (zh) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 上海建工一建集团有限公司 | 异形清水砼结构钢模板及其施工方法 |
WO2021221542A1 (ru) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-11-04 | Zhuk Eduard Mikhailovich | Опалубочная система |
EP4033051B1 (de) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-06-07 | ULMA C y E, S. COOP. | Schalungsanordnung für eine vertikale schalung |
CN113090004B (zh) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-04-01 | 青岛海盾复合模板有限公司 | 一种超高强度建筑塑料模板 |
CN113338615A (zh) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-03 | 中建科工集团有限公司 | 一种用于浇筑劲性柱的模具 |
CN113958122B (zh) * | 2021-10-26 | 2024-01-30 | 中建新疆建工集团第一建筑工程有限公司 | 一种便携式可拆卸马蹄形柱模板固定装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3171185A (en) * | 1961-12-27 | 1965-03-02 | Anderson William | Form structure for concrete foundations and the like |
DE1409954A1 (de) * | 1962-05-23 | 1968-12-12 | Guenter Gerhards | Innenverschalkoerper fuer Dachstuhlgewoelbe aus Beton |
US3357673A (en) * | 1965-06-30 | 1967-12-12 | Symons Mfg Co | Concrete wall form with a particular panel hinge arrangement |
DE2926780C2 (de) * | 1979-07-03 | 1991-07-25 | Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. 4030 Ratingen Schliephacke | Schaltafel |
US5255888A (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1993-10-26 | Deslauriers, Inc. | Concrete column form |
DE9410525U1 (de) * | 1994-06-29 | 1994-08-18 | NOE-Schaltechnik Georg Meyer-Keller GmbH + Co, 73079 Süßen | Schalungselement für Rundschalungen zur Herstellung runder Wände aus Beton |
DE19617602C2 (de) * | 1996-05-02 | 2001-04-12 | Frank Gmbh & Co Kg Max | Betonschalung sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Säule aus Beton unter Verwendung einer Säulenschalung |
DE19947487A1 (de) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-05 | Hahn Baumaschinen Gmbh | Schalelement für die Herstellung von Betonsäulen |
-
2002
- 2002-11-22 PT PT102875A patent/PT102875B/pt active IP Right Revival
-
2003
- 2003-11-20 PT PT03026439T patent/PT1426526E/pt unknown
- 2003-11-20 EP EP03026439A patent/EP1426526B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-20 DE DE60311943T patent/DE60311943D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-20 AT AT03026439T patent/ATE354709T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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PT1426526E (pt) | 2007-05-31 |
EP1426526A3 (de) | 2005-06-08 |
DE60311943D1 (de) | 2007-04-05 |
EP1426526A2 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
ATE354709T1 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
PT102875A (pt) | 2004-05-31 |
PT102875B (pt) | 2005-02-28 |
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