EP1411317B1 - Fragment projectile - Google Patents

Fragment projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1411317B1
EP1411317B1 EP03016273A EP03016273A EP1411317B1 EP 1411317 B1 EP1411317 B1 EP 1411317B1 EP 03016273 A EP03016273 A EP 03016273A EP 03016273 A EP03016273 A EP 03016273A EP 1411317 B1 EP1411317 B1 EP 1411317B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
fragmentation
fragments
heavy metal
ejection charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03016273A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1411317A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Dr. Thiesen
Dieter Jungbluth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Publication of EP1411317A1 publication Critical patent/EP1411317A1/en
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Publication of EP1411317B1 publication Critical patent/EP1411317B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F42B12/64—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile the submissiles being of shot- or flechette-type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sub-caliber Sptittergeunter
  • Splinter projectiles are for example from the DE 196 26 660 C2 known. These are full-caliber projectiles, each having a projectile casing, which includes a front filled with heavy metal splinter cavity. In the interior of the projectile casing an explosive charge is also provided, which is brought to a predetermined time to detonate and accelerates the splitter, for example, in the target direction.
  • From the DE 15 78 135 B is a shrapnel-like projectile or bomb with a through a traction sheave in two chambers - cargo chamber and bullet chamber - divided mother's floor known.
  • the front floor chamber contains a plurality of subsidiary floors and the rear chamber contains a propellant charge for the subsidiary floors.
  • the subsidiary storeys have the form of balls or cylinders.
  • the US 5,872,327 A refers to a subcaliber, spin stabilized multi-purpose projectile with optimal decomposition behavior, which optimally rips open even when hitting thin aluminum plates. This behavior is ensured by the high brittleness of the heavy metal sintered material or by the special ratio of cobalt to nickel in the binder phase between the individual Tungsten grains.
  • fragmentation projectiles have the disadvantage that they are relatively ineffective, because of the fragmentation causing mass fraction, based on the bullet weight, is low.
  • Another sub-caliber shrapnel is out US6129024 known.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a low-cost producible subcaliber fragmentation projectile, which has sufficient for the target control splinter distribution in the target area.
  • the invention is essentially based on the idea of dispensing with the use of explosives in the fragmentary projectile and of filling the space required for the explosive with fragments.
  • the ejection of the splitter at a given time then takes place by a relatively little space occupying pyrotechnic ejection charge.
  • relatively high velocity drop of the projectile and thus the splitter during the flight it has proved advantageous to form the fragmentation projectile as a subcaliber projectile.
  • Such projectiles have a much higher muzzle velocity and have a much lower velocity drop during flight.
  • the stabilizer can be arranged rigidly on the projectile in wing-stabilized projectiles.
  • a wing-stabilized subcaliber fragmentary projectile is designated, which is surrounded by a per se known segmented sabot 2 made of aluminum and, for example, can be fired from a 120 mm caliber cannon.
  • the fragmentation projectile 1 comprises a projectile casing 3, within which a package of spherical splinters 4 made of tungsten heavy metal (WSM) is arranged. In addition, located within the projectile casing 3, a discharge charge 5 and a programmable time fuse. 6
  • WSM tungsten heavy metal
  • the sabot 2 is first dropped after leaving the weapon barrel, not shown, and the projectile 1 flies on its trajectory to near the target area. There ignites at a given time the time fuse 6, the ejection charge 5. This presses the ball splitter 4 front side of the floor. 1
  • predetermined breaking points are provided in the region of the projectile nose 7 in FIG.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
  • splinters other splinters can be used.
  • WSM another heavy metal can be used as material for the splinters.
  • the fragment projectile may also be a spin-stabilized projectile.
  • the time fuse can also be replaced by a proximity fuse.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein unterkalibriges SptittergeschossThe invention relates to a sub-caliber Sptittergeschoss

Splittergeschosse sind beispielsweise aus der DE 196 26 660 C2 bekannt. Dabei handelt es sich um Vollkalibergeschosse, die jeweils eine Geschosshülle besitzen, welche einen vorderseitigen mit Schwermetallsplittern gefüllten Hohlraum umfasst. Im Inneren der Geschosshülle ist ferner eine Sprengladung vorgesehen, die zu einem vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt zur Detonation gebracht wird und die Splitter z.B. in Zielrichtung beschleunigt.Splinter projectiles are for example from the DE 196 26 660 C2 known. These are full-caliber projectiles, each having a projectile casing, which includes a front filled with heavy metal splinter cavity. In the interior of the projectile casing an explosive charge is also provided, which is brought to a predetermined time to detonate and accelerates the splitter, for example, in the target direction.

Aus der DE 15 78 135 B ist ein schrapnellähnliches Geschoss oder Bombe mit einem durch eine Treibscheibe in zwei Kammern - Ladungskammer und Geschosskammer - geteilten Muttergeschoss bekannt. Die vordere Geschosskammer enthält eine Vielzahl von Tochtergeschossen und die hintere Kammer eine Treibladung für die Tochtergeschosse. Die Tochtergeschosse haben die Form von Kugeln oder Zylindern.From the DE 15 78 135 B is a shrapnel-like projectile or bomb with a through a traction sheave in two chambers - cargo chamber and bullet chamber - divided mother's floor known. The front floor chamber contains a plurality of subsidiary floors and the rear chamber contains a propellant charge for the subsidiary floors. The subsidiary storeys have the form of balls or cylinders.

Mit der DE 195 24 726 A1 wird einen Gefechtskopf mit einem richtbaren Wirkteil, mit detonativ gezielt aufbrechbarer Gefachtskopfhülle offenbart. An der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle schließt sich eine den Innenraum des Gefechtskopfes umschließende Sprengstoffhülle (Sprengstoffsegmente) an. Im richtbaren Wirkteil sind mindestens eine Lage separater stab-und / oder würfelförmiger Wirkkörper eingebunden, die nach dem Aufbrechen der Gefechtskopfhülle durch entsprechende Öffnungen der Gefechtskopfhülle detonativ ausgestoßen werden. Um auch Kampfstoffe beseitigen zu können, wird vorgeschlagen, ein weiteres Wirkteil mit einer pyrotechnischen Ladung einzubinden, mit der hohe Temperaturen erzeugt und die freigesetzten Kampfstoffe verbrand werden.With the DE 195 24 726 A1 is a warhead with a directional active part, disclosed with detonative targeted aufbrechbarer head wrap. On the inner wall of the warhead casing is followed by an explosive shell surrounding the interior of the warhead (explosive segments). In the directional active part, at least one layer of separate rod-shaped and / or cube-shaped active bodies are integrated, which are ejected detonatively after breaking up the warhead casing through corresponding openings in the warhead casing. In order to be able to eliminate warfare agents, it is proposed to involve another active part with a pyrotechnic charge, generated with the high temperatures and the released warfare agents are burned.

Die US 5,872,327 A betrifft ein unterkalibriges, drallstabilisiertes Mehrzweckgeschoss mit optimalem Zerlegungsverhalten, das auch beim Auftreffen auf dünne Aluminiumplatten optimal aufreißt. Dieses Verhalten wird durch die hohe Sprödigkeit des Schwermetall- Sinterstoffes bzw. durch das besondere Verhältnis von Kobalt zu Nickel in der Bindephase zwischen den einzelnen Wolframkörnem gewährleistet.The US 5,872,327 A refers to a subcaliber, spin stabilized multi-purpose projectile with optimal decomposition behavior, which optimally rips open even when hitting thin aluminum plates. This behavior is ensured by the high brittleness of the heavy metal sintered material or by the special ratio of cobalt to nickel in the binder phase between the individual Tungsten grains.

Derartige Splittergeschosse weisen den Nachteil auf, dass sie relativ ineffektiv sind, weil der die Splitterwirkung verursachende Massenanteil, bezogen auf das Geschossgewicht, gering ist. Ein weiteres unterkalibriges splittergeschoß ist aus US6129024 bekannt. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein kostengünstig herstellbares unterkalibriges Splittergeschoss anzugeben, welches eine für die Zielbekämpfung ausreichende Splitterverteilung im Zielgebiet aufweist.Such fragmentation projectiles have the disadvantage that they are relatively ineffective, because of the fragmentation causing mass fraction, based on the bullet weight, is low. Another sub-caliber shrapnel is out US6129024 known. The invention has for its object to provide a low-cost producible subcaliber fragmentation projectile, which has sufficient for the target control splinter distribution in the target area.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht im Wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, bei dem Splittergeschoss auf die Verwendung von Sprengstoff zu verzichten und den für den Sprengstoff benötigten Raum mit Splittern zu füllen. Das Ausstoßen der Splitter zu einem vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt erfolgt dann durch eine relativ wenig Raum einnehmende pyrotechnische Ausstoßladung. Um den bei Vollkalibergeschossen auftretenden, relativ starken Geschwindigkeitsabfall des Geschosses und damit auch der Splitter während des Fluges zu vermeiden, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, das Splittergeschoss als unterkalibriges Geschoss auszubilden. Derartige Geschosse besitzen eine wesentlich höhere Mündungsgeschwindigkeit und weisen einen wesentlich geringeren Geschwindigkeitsabfall während des Fluges auf. Außerdem kann bei flügelstabilisierten Geschossen das Leitwerk starr an dem Geschoss angeordnet werden. Dadurch ergeben sich gegenüber Vollkalibergeschossen, bei denen üblicherweise Klappleit-Werke verwendet werden müssen, die weiteren Vorteile einer zusätzlichen Kostenreduzierung und einer Verbesserung der Treffleistung. Zwar steht bei einem unterkalibrigen Geschoss weniger Raum für die Splitter zur Verfügung, doch reicht der vorhandene Raum aufgrund des Fehlens der Sprengladung für eine effektive Zielbekämpfung (z.B. Bedrohung durch Pz-Abwehrwaffen in Schützenstellung oder leicht gepanzerte Fahrzeuge) in der Regel aus.The invention is essentially based on the idea of dispensing with the use of explosives in the fragmentary projectile and of filling the space required for the explosive with fragments. The ejection of the splitter at a given time then takes place by a relatively little space occupying pyrotechnic ejection charge. In order to avoid the occurring during full caliber projectiles, relatively high velocity drop of the projectile and thus the splitter during the flight, it has proved advantageous to form the fragmentation projectile as a subcaliber projectile. Such projectiles have a much higher muzzle velocity and have a much lower velocity drop during flight. In addition, the stabilizer can be arranged rigidly on the projectile in wing-stabilized projectiles. This results compared to full-caliber bullets, where usually Klappleit works must be used, the other advantages of additional cost reduction and an improvement in club performance. Although less space is available for the splinters on a lower caliber projectile, the lack of explosive space means that the available space is usually sufficient for effective targeting (e.g., enemy firearm Pz defense weapons or lightly armored vehicles).

Abgesehen von der kostengünstigeren Herstellung derartiger Geschosse entfällt auch die bei herkömmlichen Splittergeschossen bestehende Problematik der Abschusssicherheit des Sprengstoffes.Apart from the more cost-effective production of such projectiles also eliminates the problem with conventional fragmentation projectile security of the explosive.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden anhand einer Figur erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel.Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following with reference to a figure illustrated embodiment.

In der Fig. ist mit 1 ein flügelstabilisiertes unterkalibriges Splittergeschoss bezeichnet, welches von einem an sich bekannten segmentierten Treibkäfig 2 aus Aluminium umgeben ist und beispielsweise aus einer Panzerkanone mit einem Kaliber von 120 mm verschossen werden kann.In FIG. 1, a wing-stabilized subcaliber fragmentary projectile is designated, which is surrounded by a per se known segmented sabot 2 made of aluminum and, for example, can be fired from a 120 mm caliber cannon.

Das Splittergeschoss 1 umfasst eine Geschosshülle 3, innerhalb derer eine Packung von Kugelsplittern 4 aus Wolfram-Schwermetall (WSM) angeordnet ist. Außerdem befinden sich innerhalb der Geschosshülle 3 eine Ausstoßladung 5 und ein programmierbarer Zeitzünder 6.The fragmentation projectile 1 comprises a projectile casing 3, within which a package of spherical splinters 4 made of tungsten heavy metal (WSM) is arranged. In addition, located within the projectile casing 3, a discharge charge 5 and a programmable time fuse. 6

Bei dem bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Splittergeschosses 1 wird nach Verlassen des nicht dargestellten Waffenrohres zunächst der Treibkäfig 2 abgeworfen und das Geschoß 1 fliegt auf seiner Flugbahn bis in die Nähe des Zielgebietes. Dort zündet zu einem vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt der Zeitzünder 6 die Ausstoßladung 5. Diese drückt die Kugelsplitter 4 vorderseitig aus dem Geschoß 1.In the intended use of the fragmentation projectile 1 according to the invention, the sabot 2 is first dropped after leaving the weapon barrel, not shown, and the projectile 1 flies on its trajectory to near the target area. There ignites at a given time the time fuse 6, the ejection charge 5. This presses the ball splitter 4 front side of the floor. 1

Um dabei ein reproduzierbares Ausstoßen der Kugelsplitter 4 zu gewährleisten, sind im Bereich der Geschoßspitze 7 in der Fig. nicht dargestellte Sollbruchstellen vorgesehen.In order to ensure a reproducible ejection of the ball splitter 4, not shown predetermined breaking points are provided in the region of the projectile nose 7 in FIG.

Nach dem Aufbrechen der Geschoßspitze 7 verlangsamt das Restgeschoß aufgrund des großen Luftwiderstandes schlagartig seine Geschwindigkeit. Die relativ schweren Kugelsplitter 4 fliegen hingegen etwa mit der Geschwindigkeit des Geschosses zum Zeitpunkt des Ausstoßvorganges in das Zielgebiet weiter.After breaking up the projectile nose 7, the remaining projectile suddenly slows down due to the large air resistance. By contrast, the relatively heavy ball splinters 4 continue to fly into the target area at about the speed of the projectile at the time of the ejection process.

Die Erfindung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. So können beispielsweise statt Kugelsplitter auch andere Splitterformen benutzt werden. Als Material für die Splitter kann statt WSM auch ein anderes Schwermetall verwendet werden. Ferner kann es sich bei dem Splittergeschoß auch um ein drallstabilisiertes Geschoß handeln. Schließlich kann der Zeitzünder auch durch einen Annäherungszünder ersetzt werden.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, instead of splinters other splinters can be used. Instead of WSM, another heavy metal can be used as material for the splinters. Furthermore, the fragment projectile may also be a spin-stabilized projectile. Finally, the time fuse can also be replaced by a proximity fuse.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Splittergeschoß, GeschoßShatter bullet, projectile
22
Treibkäfigsabot
33
Geschoßhülleprojectile casing
44
Kugelsplitter, SplitterBall splinters, splinters
55
Ausstoßladungejection charge
66
Zeitzündertime fuse
77
Geschoßspitzenosecone

Claims (3)

  1. Subcalibre fragmentation projectile having the following features:
    a) the fragmentation projectile (1) has a projectile case (3) which surrounds a cavity and is at least partially filled with fragments (4) composed of heavy metal;
    b) the fragmentation projectile (1) has an ejection charge (5) which ejects the fragments (4) from the projectile case (3) at a predetermined time during the flight of the projectile (1),
    c) weak points are provided in the area of the projectile nose (7), with
    d) the ejection charge (5) forcing the fragments (4) out of the projectile (1) at the front end.
  2. Fragmentation projectile according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fragments (4) are spherical fragments composed of a tungsten heavy metal.
  3. Fragmentation projectile according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the fragmentation projectile (1) is provided with a time fuze or a proximity fuze (6) in order to fire the ejection charge (5).
EP03016273A 2002-10-18 2003-07-18 Fragment projectile Expired - Fee Related EP1411317B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10248696A DE10248696A1 (en) 2002-10-18 2002-10-18 splitter floor
DE10248696 2002-10-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1411317A1 EP1411317A1 (en) 2004-04-21
EP1411317B1 true EP1411317B1 (en) 2008-10-08

Family

ID=27798341

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03016273A Expired - Fee Related EP1411317B1 (en) 2002-10-18 2003-07-18 Fragment projectile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20040083920A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1411317B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10248696A1 (en)
IL (1) IL158449A (en)
NO (1) NO327288B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2497066C1 (en) * 2012-07-17 2013-10-27 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом"-Госкорпорация "Росатом" Hitting element of cassette fragmentation round
CN115355774A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-11-18 中国人民解放军63856部队 Small-caliber infantry grenade fragment space distribution test method

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE77C (en) * 1877-07-07 GANZ & CO. in Ratibor Construction of double ring shrapnel
BE676051A (en) * 1965-02-12 1966-06-16
US4970960A (en) * 1980-11-05 1990-11-20 Feldmann Fritz K Anti-material projectile
DE3821474C1 (en) * 1988-06-25 1998-08-27 Nwm De Kruithoorn Bv One-piece frangible armour-piercing discarding sabot
DE19524726B4 (en) * 1994-08-10 2006-05-24 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh warhead
DE19626660C2 (en) * 1996-07-03 2002-06-27 Diehl Stiftung & Co explosive projectile
DE19722698C1 (en) * 1997-05-30 1998-11-05 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Practice floor
DE59806709D1 (en) * 1997-11-19 2003-01-30 Contraves Ag Projectile with programmable timer
DE10057673A1 (en) * 2000-11-21 2002-05-23 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh warhead

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL158449A (en) 2012-07-31
IL158449A0 (en) 2004-09-27
NO20033393D0 (en) 2003-07-30
EP1411317A1 (en) 2004-04-21
DE10248696A1 (en) 2004-04-29
US20040083920A1 (en) 2004-05-06
DE50310603D1 (en) 2008-11-20
NO20033393L (en) 2004-04-19
NO327288B1 (en) 2009-06-02

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