EP0113833B1 - Projectile with explosive and incendiary action - Google Patents

Projectile with explosive and incendiary action Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113833B1
EP0113833B1 EP83111635A EP83111635A EP0113833B1 EP 0113833 B1 EP0113833 B1 EP 0113833B1 EP 83111635 A EP83111635 A EP 83111635A EP 83111635 A EP83111635 A EP 83111635A EP 0113833 B1 EP0113833 B1 EP 0113833B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
explosive
casing
incendiary
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83111635A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0113833A3 (en
EP0113833A2 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Becker
Bernhard Bisping
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Rheinmetall Industrie AG
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Rheinmetall GmbH
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Publication of EP0113833A2 publication Critical patent/EP0113833A2/en
Publication of EP0113833A3 publication Critical patent/EP0113833A3/en
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Publication of EP0113833B1 publication Critical patent/EP0113833B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B30/00—Projectiles or missiles, not otherwise provided for, characterised by the ammunition class or type, e.g. by the launching apparatus or weapon used
    • F42B30/08—Ordnance projectiles or missiles, e.g. shells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosive and fire projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a projectile in which projectile bodies made of heavy metal, for example from depleted uranium, are embedded in the projectile shell for the purpose of bullet splinters, in addition to a pyrophoric effect when the bullet splinters strike flammable substances, and the mechanical effect of uranium can also be used DE-A-25 57 676 known.
  • the projectile casing produced according to very complex manufacturing processes consists on the one hand of inner and outer tubular bodies of the same material, whereas on the other hand the embedded projectile bodies are made of a material with a significantly higher density. In order to achieve sufficient firing durability, the cross-section of the inner and outer tubular bodies is relatively wide in order to embed the projectile body 5.
  • a swirl-stabilized sabot projectile is known from OE-A-29 19 807, the projectile body of which is made of uranium and contains a narrow central channel for receiving a fire. Due to the large proportion of the body mass in the total mass of the projectile, with the projectile body consisting of swarm metal being 70% and the incendiary material 30% of the cross-sectional area, the projectile is able to penetrate deeply into the target and achieve a high penetrating effect, however, the incendiary charge is additionally required to produce a fire effect.
  • the explosiveness of the incendiary charge is low, however, because the latter continuously loses mass when the bullet penetrates the target, owing to a comparatively very low burn rate compared to the detonation rate of an explosive charge, together with the crumbling projectile body.
  • the fragmentation of the projectile body is controlled by the resistance in the target. In the case of destinations with low resistance, for example freight cabins, only a small projectile can be broken down, so that in relation to the radius of action the projectile effect is insignificant in contrast to an explosive and fire projectile.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing the structure of the projectile shell in the case of full-caliber explosive and fire projectiles, in particular in the caliber range of less than 40 mm, in such a way that any splinters formed during the disassembly from the projectile shell cross-section form one upon impact on flammable light targets create a safe fire.
  • the invention makes it possible, compared to the projectile known from DE-A-25 57 676, for a full-caliber explosive and fire projectile with a projectile casing having a comparatively equal mass, to design the casing wall thickness to be relatively thin-walled due to the homogeneity and density of the material.
  • the advantageous enlargement of the tree available for the explosive charge not only is a comparatively higher gas impact achieved, but on the other hand the shell fragments are accelerated with greater energy.
  • the projectile casing is homogeneous and made of a sintered heavy metal alloy with a density greater than 17 g / cm 3 results in a very simple structure of the projectile casing and, in particular, from the entire cross section of the projectile casing, results in a high and effective splintering effect during the formation So-called splinter clouds or swarms of splinters cause a cumulative splinter effect.
  • a hood-shaped projectile shell 1 designed as a projectile upper part, of a full-caliber explosive and incendiary projectile encloses an explosive charge 3 and a projectile lower part 2 on the rear side a propellant charge sleeve is connected at the rear, but is also not shown in the drawing in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the projectile tip 4 is formed as part of the projectile envelope 1 and has a conical jacket 10 extending from the tip 15 in the rear direction.
  • the entire projectile shell 1 including the area 5 of the projectile tip 4 enclosed by the jacket 10 to the explosive charge 3 according to the invention consist of a homogeneous material of a sintered heavy metal alloy with a density greater than 17 g / cm 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a full-caliber explosive and fire projectile in which a predominant length range a of the projectile casing 1 consists of a homogeneous material of the heavy metal alloy described in FIG. 1.
  • the projectile casing front part 8 is made of a material that differs from the projectile casing 1 and has a lower density. Characterized in that the length area a of the projectile shell 1 envelops the explosive charge 3 in a larger portion b and the projectile shell front part 8 is hollow, this projectile allows a particularly large amount of the explosive charge 3.
  • the lower part 2 of the projectile body is as in FIG.
  • the length range a of the projectile casing 1 is largely tubular to the ogive 6 of the projectile casing 1, the ends on the inside 7 according to FIGS. 4 and 5 having bores 14 in which fastening means 13 for connecting the projectile body lower part 2 and the projectile casing front part 8 thread is provided.
  • this explosive and fire projectile is able to penetrate slightly armored targets, whereby particularly encapsulated instruments are destroyed by the projectile fragments that subsequently act in the target interior and a fire effect as shown in Fig 1 occurs already described.
  • FIG. 3 In a further embodiment variant in which the projectile body lower part 2 is completely encompassed on the side by a rearward extension of the projectile casing 1 shown in FIG. 1, is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the guide ring 12 is on the outer casing 11 in the lateral region of the lower part 2 of the projectile body inseparably connected to the projectile casing 1 by a heat treatment, in particular by a soldered connection. Due to the fact that this explosive and fire projectile contains an adjustable ground impact detonator 16, but does not contain a tracer body, this projectile has a greater capacity of explosive charge 3 than the projectile according to FIG. 1.
  • This projectile is also particularly suitable for fighting lightly armored targets, the armor penetration being generated by the kinetic energy of the projectile tip 4.
  • the elongated shell 1 contributes to the fact that a high degree of splintering and fire effects can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Spreng- und Brandgeschoß nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an explosive and fire projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein Geschoß, bei dem in der Geschoßhülle zu Geschoßsplittern vorgeformte Geschoßkörper aus Schwermetall, beispielsweise aus abgereichertem Uran, zu dem Zweck eingebettet sind, neben einer pyrophoren Wirkung beim Auftreffen der Geschoßsplitter auf entzündbare Stoffe, auch die mechanische Wirkung von Uran nutzbar zu machen ist aus der DE-A-25 57 676 bekannt. Die nach sehr aufwendigen Herstellverfahren hergestellte Geschoßhülle besteht dabei einerseits aus werkstoffgleichen Innen- und Außenrohrkörpern, wobei demgegenüber andererseits die eingebetteten Geschoßkörper aus einem Werkstoff mit einer wesentlich höheren Dichte hergestellt sind. Zur Erzielung einer ausreichenden Abschußhaltbarkeit sind für die Einbettung der Geschoßkörper 5 dabei im Querschnitt relativ breite Innen- und Außenrohrkörper erforderlich. Dadurch ist es jedoch nicht möglich, das durchschnittliche spezifische Gewicht der Geschoßhülle wesentlich zu erhöhen. Besonders nachteilig ist bei diesem Geschoß, daß der Anteil an wirksamen, aus abgereichertem Uran bestehenden eingebetteten Geschoßsplittern aufgrund der Abschußhaltbarkeit begrenzt bleiben muß wodurch die Wirkungen von Geschoß und Splittern, insbesondere bei vollkalibrigen Spreng- und Brandgeschossen kleiner 40 mm Kaliberdurchmesser, entweder durch in der Größe nur klein dimensionierbare eingebettete Splitter oder durch eine zu dicke Geschoßhülle unbedeutend wird. Bei der Detonation entstehen dabei in Überwiegender Anzahl durch die Innen- und Außenrohrkörpar Geschoßsplitter einer verminderten Durchschlagsleistung, wobei durch die erzeugten leichteren Splitter der Geschoßhülle einerseits eine pyrophore Wirkung nicht erzielt werdan kann und andererseits die Branderzeugung erheblich eingeschränkt wird.A projectile in which projectile bodies made of heavy metal, for example from depleted uranium, are embedded in the projectile shell for the purpose of bullet splinters, in addition to a pyrophoric effect when the bullet splinters strike flammable substances, and the mechanical effect of uranium can also be used DE-A-25 57 676 known. The projectile casing produced according to very complex manufacturing processes consists on the one hand of inner and outer tubular bodies of the same material, whereas on the other hand the embedded projectile bodies are made of a material with a significantly higher density. In order to achieve sufficient firing durability, the cross-section of the inner and outer tubular bodies is relatively wide in order to embed the projectile body 5. However, this does not make it possible to significantly increase the average specific weight of the shell. It is particularly disadvantageous with this projectile that the proportion of effective embedded projectile fragments consisting of depleted uranium must remain limited due to the durability of the projectile, whereby the effects of projectile and splinters, in particular with full-caliber explosive and fire projectiles smaller than 40 mm caliber diameter, either due to their size only small-sized embedded fragments or insignificant due to a too thick shell. During detonation, there is a predominant number of projectile fragments due to the inner and outer tubular body, with a reduced penetration performance, the pyrophoric effect not being achieved on the one hand due to the lighter fragments of the projectile casing being produced, and on the other hand, the generation of fire is considerably restricted.

Aus der OE-A-29 19 807 ist ein drallstabilisiertes Treibspiegelgeschoß bekannt, dessen Geschoßkörper aus Uran besteht und einen engbemessenen zentralen Kanal zur Aufnahme eines Brandsatzes enthält. Aufgrund des zu großen Anteiles der Körpermasse an der Gesamtmasse das Geschosses, wobei der aus Schwarmetall bestehende Geschoßkörpar 70 % und der Brandsatz 30 % der Querschnittsfläche beträgt, ist das Geschoß in der Lage, tief in das Ziel einzudringen und eine hohe durchschlagende Wirkung zu erzielen, wobei jedoch zur Erzeugung einer Brandwirkung zusätzlich der Brandsatz erforderlich ist Die Brisanz des Brandsatzes ist jedoch gering weil letzterer beim Eindringen des Geschosses im Ziel, aufgrund einer vergleichsweise sehr geringen Abbrandgeschwindigkeit gegenüber der Detonationsgeschwindigkeit einer Sprengladung, zusammen mit dem abbröckelnden Geschoßkörper laufend an Masse verliert. Die Fragmentierung des Geschoßkörpers wird dabei durch den Widerstand im Ziel gesteuert. Bei Flugzielen mit geringem Widerstand, beispielsweise Frachtkabinen, kann deshalb nur eine geringe Geschoßzerlegung stattfinden, so daß im Hinblick auf den Wirkungsradius die Geschoßwirkung im Gegensatz zu einem Spreng- und Brandgeschoß unbedeutend ist.A swirl-stabilized sabot projectile is known from OE-A-29 19 807, the projectile body of which is made of uranium and contains a narrow central channel for receiving a fire. Due to the large proportion of the body mass in the total mass of the projectile, with the projectile body consisting of swarm metal being 70% and the incendiary material 30% of the cross-sectional area, the projectile is able to penetrate deeply into the target and achieve a high penetrating effect, however, the incendiary charge is additionally required to produce a fire effect. The explosiveness of the incendiary charge is low, however, because the latter continuously loses mass when the bullet penetrates the target, owing to a comparatively very low burn rate compared to the detonation rate of an explosive charge, together with the crumbling projectile body. The fragmentation of the projectile body is controlled by the resistance in the target. In the case of destinations with low resistance, for example freight cabins, only a small projectile can be broken down, so that in relation to the radius of action the projectile effect is insignificant in contrast to an explosive and fire projectile.

Aus der US-A-3 979 234 ist es bekannt, massiv ausgebildete Hartkerngeschosse als sogenannte Penetratoran aus einer gesinterten Wolfram-Eisen-Nickellegierung herzustellen. Derartige Panetratoren bilden ebenfalls unterkalibrige Treibspiegelgeschosse und werden zur Erzeugung einer hohen Durchschlagsleistung, insbesondere zur Durchdringung von dickwandigen Zielen, beispielsweise bei der Bekämpfung von Panzern, eingesetzt. Bei diesen Penetratoren kommt es darauf an, dickwandige Ziele direkt durch kinetische Energie des gesamten stangenförmig ausgebildeten Geschosses zu durchdringen. Derartige Geschosse würden bei einer Bekämpfung dünnwandiger Flugziele, beispielsweise Flugzeug- und Hubschrauberverkleidungen, das Ziel lediglich durchdringen, jedoch keine durch einen Gasschlag hervorgerufene Splitterwirkung zur Erzielung eines sicheren Brandes erzeugen.From US-A-3 979 234 it is known to produce solid hard core bullets as so-called penetrators from a sintered tungsten-iron-nickel alloy. Such panetrators also form sub-caliber sabot projectiles and are used to generate a high penetration rate, in particular for penetrating thick-walled targets, for example when fighting tanks. With these penetrators, it is important to penetrate thick-walled targets directly through the kinetic energy of the entire rod-shaped projectile. Such missiles would only penetrate the target when fighting thin-walled flight targets, for example aircraft and helicopter linings, but would not produce a splintering effect caused by a gas blow to achieve a safe fire.

Der Erfindung liegt gegenüber dem bekannten Geschoß die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei vollkalibrigen Spreng-und Brandgeschossen, insbesondere im Kaliberbereich kleiner 40 mm, den Aufbau der Geschoßhülle derartig zu gestalten, daß beliebige bei der Zerlegung aus dem Geschoßhüllenquerschnitt gebildete Splitter beim Auftreffen auf entzündbare leichte Flugziele einen sicheren Brand erzeugen.Compared to the known projectile, the invention is based on the object of designing the structure of the projectile shell in the case of full-caliber explosive and fire projectiles, in particular in the caliber range of less than 40 mm, in such a way that any splinters formed during the disassembly from the projectile shell cross-section form one upon impact on flammable light targets create a safe fire.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen gehen aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche hervor.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. Advantageous refinements and developments emerge from the features of the subclaims.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, gegenüber dem aus der DE-A-25 57 676 bekannten Geschoß, bei einem vollkalibrigen Spreng- und Brandgeschoß mit einer eine vergleichsweise gleiche Masse aufweisenden Geschoßhülle, die Hüllenwanddicke, aufgrund der Homogenität und Dichte des Werkstoffs, verhältnismäßig dünnwandig auszuführen. Durch die somit erzielte vorteilhafte Vergrößerung des für die Sprengladung zur Verfügung stehenden Baumes, wird einerseits nicht nur ein vergleichsweise höherer Gasschlag erzielt, sondern andererseits werden dadurch die Geschoßhüllensplitter mit einer größeren Energie beschleunigt. Dadurch, daß die Geschoßhülle homogen und aus einer gesinterten Schwermetallegierung mit einer Dichte größer 17 g/cm3 hergestellt ist resultiert neben einem sehr einfachen Aufbau der Geschoßhülle, eine insbesondere aus dem gesamten Querschnitt der Geschoßhülle hervorgerufene hohe und effektive Splitterwirkung, bei der durch die Ausbildung sogenannter Splitterwolken oder Splitterschwärme ein kumulativer Splittereffekt hervorgerufen wird.The invention makes it possible, compared to the projectile known from DE-A-25 57 676, for a full-caliber explosive and fire projectile with a projectile casing having a comparatively equal mass, to design the casing wall thickness to be relatively thin-walled due to the homogeneity and density of the material. As a result of the advantageous enlargement of the tree available for the explosive charge, not only is a comparatively higher gas impact achieved, but on the other hand the shell fragments are accelerated with greater energy. The fact that the projectile casing is homogeneous and made of a sintered heavy metal alloy with a density greater than 17 g / cm 3 results in a very simple structure of the projectile casing and, in particular, from the entire cross section of the projectile casing, results in a high and effective splintering effect during the formation So-called splinter clouds or swarms of splinters cause a cumulative splinter effect.

Weitere Vorteile werden im Vergleich bei derartigen Splittern gegenüber Stahlsplittern gleicher Masse und Geschwindigkeit nicht nur im Flug aufgrund des geringeren Luftwiderstandes, durch einen geringeren Geschwindigkeitsabfall erzielt, sondern auch aufgrund der höheren Querschnittsbelastung: Gewicht/Fläche der Splitter durch eine mehrfach höhere Durchschlagsleistung erreicht, wobei beim Auftreffen auf entzündbare Stoffe beispielsweise Alu- Mehrplattenziele wie sie bei Flugzeugen, Hubschraubern etc. auftreten durch die im Splitterstreuschwarm voreilenden größeren Splitter ein hoher Durchschlag mit Brandwirkung und durch den Glüheffekt der nacheilenden kleineren Splitter eine sichere Brandwirkung erzielt wird.Further advantages in comparison with such splinters compared to steel splinters of the same mass and speed are achieved not only in flight due to the lower air resistance, due to a lower speed drop, but also due to the higher cross-sectional load: weight / area of the splinters achieved by a multiple higher breakdown performance, with the Impingement of flammable substances, for example aluminum multi-plate targets such as those found in airplanes, helicopters etc., result in a large breakthrough with fire effect and due to the larger fragments that advance in the shattering cluster a safe fire effect is achieved through the glow effect of the lagging smaller fragments.

Durch die besonders günstige Splitter- und Brandbildung wie sie der erfindungsgemäßen Geschoßhülle oder dem überwiegenden Längenbereich a der Geschoßhülle aus einem homogenen Werkstoff einer gesinterten Schwermetallegierung mit mindestens 85 % und maximal 98 % Wolframanteilen eigentümlich ist, können sogar selbstschließende Tanks sicher in Brand gesetzt werden.Due to the particularly favorable splintering and fire formation as is characteristic of the projectile casing according to the invention or the predominant length range a of the projectile casing made of a homogeneous material of a sintered heavy metal alloy with at least 85% and maximum 98% tungsten components, even self-closing tanks can be set on fire safely.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der in den Zeichnungen unter weitgehendem Verzicht auf erfindungsunwesentliche Einzelheiten dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele des näheren erläutert.The invention will be explained with reference to the preferred exemplary embodiments of the details shown in the drawings, largely without details that are not essential to the invention.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch im Längsschnitt ein vollkalibriges Spreng- und Brandgeschoß mit massiver Geschoßspitze,
  • Fig. 2 schematisch im Längsschnitt ein vollkalibriges Spreng- und Brandgeschoß mit einer in einem überwiegenden Längenbereich aus einer Schwermetalllegierung bestehenden Geschoßhülle,
  • Fig. 3 schematisch im Längsschnitt ein vollkalibriges Spreng- und Brandgeschoß, bei dem die Geschoßhülle das gesamte Geschoßkörperunterteil seitlich umfaßt,
  • Fig. 4 und
  • Fig. 5 die jeweiligen Enden des rohrförmigen Längenbereichs a der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Geschoßhülle 1.
It shows:
  • 1 schematically in longitudinal section a full-caliber explosive and fire projectile with a solid projectile tip,
  • 2 schematically shows in longitudinal section a full-caliber explosive and fire projectile with a projectile casing consisting of a heavy metal alloy in a predominant length range,
  • 3 schematically in longitudinal section a full-caliber explosive and fire projectile, in which the projectile envelope laterally encompasses the entire lower part of the projectile body,
  • Fig. 4 and
  • 5 shows the respective ends of the tubular length region a of the projectile casing 1 shown in FIG. 2.

Nach Fig. 1 umschließt eine als Geschoßoberteil ausgebildete haubenförmige Geschoßhülle 1 eines vollkalibrigen Spreng- und Brandgeschosses in ihrem Inneren eine Sprengladung 3 und heckseitig ein Geschoßkörperunterteil 2. Das Geschoßkörperunterteil 2 ist mit einem seitlichen Führungsring 9 einem einstellbaren Bodenaufschlagzünder 18 und einem Leuchtspurkörper 17 ausgerüstet, wobei eine Treibladungshülse heckseitig angeschlossen ist, die jedoch zeichnerisch auch in den Fig. 2 und 3 nicht dargestellt ist. Die Geschoßspitze 4 ist als Teil der Geschoßhülle 1 ausgebildet und weist einen von der Spitze 15 in heckseitige Richtung verlaufenden kegelförmigen Mantel 10 auf. Die gesamte Geschoßhülle 1 einschließlich des von dem Mantel 10 bis zur Sprengladung 3 eingeschlossenen Bereichs 5 der Geschoßspitze 4 bestehen erfindungsgemäß aus einem homogenen Werkstoff einer gesinterten Schwermetallegierung mit einner Dichte größer 17 g/cm3. Als besonders geeigneter Werkstoff für eine hohe Durchschlägsleistung leicht gepanzerter Ziele und für eine sichere Entstehung eines Brandes beim Auftreffen auf entzündbare Stoffe hat sich eine Schwermetallegierung aus mindestens 85 % bis maximal 98 % Wolfram mit Zusätzen von Eisen, Kobalt und Nickel erwiesen. Durch die aufgrund des geringeren Volumens der Schwermetallegierung besonders dünnwandige Geschoßhülle 1 ist es möglich eine große Menge Sprengladung 3 aufzunehmen wodurch ein hoher Gasschlag entsteht und die gesamten Geschoßsplitter der aus der Wolframlegierung bestehenden Geschoßhülle 1 derartig beschleunigt werden daß sie aufgrund ihrer kinetischen Energie neben einem hohen Durchschlag beim Auftreffen auf brennbare Stoffe in großer Anzahl alle selbst den Brand erzeugen können.According to FIG. 1, a hood-shaped projectile shell 1, designed as a projectile upper part, of a full-caliber explosive and incendiary projectile encloses an explosive charge 3 and a projectile lower part 2 on the rear side a propellant charge sleeve is connected at the rear, but is also not shown in the drawing in FIGS. 2 and 3. The projectile tip 4 is formed as part of the projectile envelope 1 and has a conical jacket 10 extending from the tip 15 in the rear direction. The entire projectile shell 1 including the area 5 of the projectile tip 4 enclosed by the jacket 10 to the explosive charge 3 according to the invention consist of a homogeneous material of a sintered heavy metal alloy with a density greater than 17 g / cm 3. As a particularly suitable material for a high penetration rate of lightly armored targets and a heavy metal alloy made from at least 85% to a maximum of 98% tungsten with additions of iron, cobalt and nickel has been proven for a safe occurrence of a fire when striking flammable substances. Due to the particularly thin-walled shell shell 1 due to the lower volume of the heavy metal alloy, it is possible to accommodate a large amount of explosive charge 3, resulting in a high gas impact and the entire shell splinters of the shell shell 1 consisting of the tungsten alloy are accelerated in such a way that due to their kinetic energy they have a high breakdown If there is a large number of flammable substances, everyone can start the fire themselves.

In Fig. 2 ist ein vollkalibriges Spreng- und Brandgeschoß dargestellt bei dem ein überwiegender Längenbereich a der Geschoßhülle 1 aus homogenem Werkstoff der unter Fig. 1 beschriebenen Schwermetallegierung besteht. Bei diesem Geschoß besteht das Geschoßhüllenvorderteil 8 aus einem von der Geschoßhülle 1 abweichenden und eine geringere Dichte aufweisenden Werkstoff. Dadurch daß der Längenbereich a der Geschoßhülle 1 in einem größeren Teilbereich b die Sprengladung 3 umhüllt und das Geschoßhüllenvorderteil 8 hohl ausgebildet ist, ermöglicht dieses Geschoß die Aufnahme einer besonders großen Menge der Sprengladung 3. Das Geschoßkörperunterteil 2 ist wie in Fig. 1 mit einem Führungsring 9, einem einstellbaren Bodenaufschlagzünder 16 und einem Leuchtspurkörper 17 ausgerüstet, wobei die Geschoßhülle 1 mit dem Geschoßkörperunterteil 2 in einem vor dem Führungsring 9 liegenden Teilbereich c verbunden ist. Der Längenbereich a der Geschoßhülle 1 ist bis zur Ogive 6 der Geschoßhülle 1 weitgehendst rohrförmig ausgebildet wobei die Enden auf der Innenseite 7 nach Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 Bohrungen 14 aufweisen, in denen als Befestigungsmittel 13 für den Anschluß des Geschoßkörperunterteils 2 und des Geschoßhüllenvorderteils 8 Gewinde vorgesehen ist.FIG. 2 shows a full-caliber explosive and fire projectile in which a predominant length range a of the projectile casing 1 consists of a homogeneous material of the heavy metal alloy described in FIG. 1. In this projectile, the projectile casing front part 8 is made of a material that differs from the projectile casing 1 and has a lower density. Characterized in that the length area a of the projectile shell 1 envelops the explosive charge 3 in a larger portion b and the projectile shell front part 8 is hollow, this projectile allows a particularly large amount of the explosive charge 3. The lower part 2 of the projectile body is as in FIG. 1 with a guide ring 9, an adjustable ground impact igniter 16 and a tracer body 17, the projectile casing 1 being connected to the projectile body lower part 2 in a region c lying in front of the guide ring 9. The length range a of the projectile casing 1 is largely tubular to the ogive 6 of the projectile casing 1, the ends on the inside 7 according to FIGS. 4 and 5 having bores 14 in which fastening means 13 for connecting the projectile body lower part 2 and the projectile casing front part 8 thread is provided.

Dieses Spreng- und Brandgeschoß ist aufgrund des homogenen und gesinterten Werkstoffs hoher Dichte in der überwiegend rohrförmig ausgebildeten Geschoßhülle 1 in der Lage, leicht gepanzerte Ziele zu durchschlagen wobei durch die anschliessend im Zielinnern wirkenden Geschoßsplitter besonders gekapselte Instrumente, zerstört werden und eine Brandwirkung wie unter Fig. 1 bereits beschrieben eintritt.Due to the homogeneous and sintered high-density material in the predominantly tubular projectile shell 1, this explosive and fire projectile is able to penetrate slightly armored targets, whereby particularly encapsulated instruments are destroyed by the projectile fragments that subsequently act in the target interior and a fire effect as shown in Fig 1 occurs already described.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante bei der durch eine heckseitige Verlängerung der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Geschoßhülle 1 das Geschoßkörperunterteil 2 seitlich ganz umfaßt wird, ist in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Der Führungsring 12 ist dabei auf dem Außenmantel 11 im seitlichen Bereich des Geschoßkörperunterteils 2 unlösbar mit der Geschoßhülle 1 durch eine Warmbehandlung insbesondere durch eine Lötverbindung, verbunden. Dadurch daß dieses Spreng- und Brandgeschoß zwar einen einstellbaren Bodenaufschlagzünder 16, jedoch keinen Leuchtspurkörper enthält weist dieses Geschoß gegenüber dem Geschoß nach Fig. 1 ein größeres Fassungsvermögen an Sprengladung 3 auf. Auch dieses Geschoß eignet sich besonders zur Bekämpfung leicht gepanzerter Ziele, wobei der Panzerdurchschlag durch die kinetische Energie der Geschoßspitze 4 erzeugt wird. Die verlängerte Geschoßhülle 1 trägt dazu bei, daß ein hoher Grad an Splitter-und Brandwirkung erreicht werden kann.In a further embodiment variant in which the projectile body lower part 2 is completely encompassed on the side by a rearward extension of the projectile casing 1 shown in FIG. 1, is shown in FIG. 3. The guide ring 12 is on the outer casing 11 in the lateral region of the lower part 2 of the projectile body inseparably connected to the projectile casing 1 by a heat treatment, in particular by a soldered connection. Due to the fact that this explosive and fire projectile contains an adjustable ground impact detonator 16, but does not contain a tracer body, this projectile has a greater capacity of explosive charge 3 than the projectile according to FIG. 1. This projectile is also particularly suitable for fighting lightly armored targets, the armor penetration being generated by the kinetic energy of the projectile tip 4. The elongated shell 1 contributes to the fact that a high degree of splintering and fire effects can be achieved.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

  • 1 Geschoßhülle1 shell
  • 2 Geschoßkörperunterteil2 floor lower part
  • 3 Sprengladung3 explosive charge
  • 4 Geschoßspitze4 storey top
  • 5 Bereich5 area
  • 6 Ogive6 ogive
  • 7 Innenseite7 inside
  • 8 Geschoßhüllenvorderteil8 projectile shell front part
  • 9 Führungsring9 guide ring
  • 10 Mantel10 coat
  • 11 Außenmantel11 outer jacket
  • 12 Führungring12 guide ring
  • 13 Befestigungsmittel13 fasteners
  • 14 Bohrung14 hole
  • 15 Spitze15 tip
  • 16 Bodenaufschlagzünder16 impact detonators
  • 17 Leuchtspurkörper
    • a Längenbereich
    • b,c Teilbereiche
    17 tracer body
    • a length range
    • b, c sections

Claims (4)

1. Explosive and incendiary projectile having a fullcalibre projectile casing which is constructed as the upper part of a projectile and of which the front surrounds an explosive charge in the manner of a hood with the open end connected to a lower part of the projectile, characterised by the fact that the projectile casing (1) is thin- walled in a longitudinal zone (a) and comprises a homogeneous sintered heavy-metal alloy including at least 85 % and not more than 98 % of tungsten and additives comprising iron, cobalt and nickal and which in the disintegration process completely shatters to form clouds and showars of fragments with a high cross- sectional loading in weight per unit of area.
2. Explosive and incendiary projectile in accordance with Claim 1, characterised by the fact that the projectile casing (1) embraces within the thin-walled longitudinal zone a portion (c) associated with the lower part (2) of the projectile and situated above a guide ring (8), and a portion (b) associated with the explosive charge (3) and larger than the portion (c).
3. Explosive and incendiary projectile in accordance with Claims 1 and 2, characterised by the fact that the thinwalled projectile casing (1) completely embraces the lower part (2) of the projectile, while the guide ring (12) which is non-detachably connected by means of heat treatment, is situated on the outer jacket (11) of the projectile casing (1) in the zone of the lower part (2) of the projectile.
4. Explosive and incendiary projectile in accordance with Claim 1, characterised by the fact that the projectile nose point (4) connected continuously with the projectile casing (1) has a tapering zone (5) extending as far as the explosive charge and comprising a homogeneous material formed from the sintered heavy metal alloy.
EP83111635A 1983-01-18 1983-11-22 Projectile with explosive and incendiary action Expired EP0113833B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3301381A DE3301381C2 (en) 1983-01-18 1983-01-18 Explosive projectile
DE3301381 1983-01-18

Publications (3)

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EP0113833A2 EP0113833A2 (en) 1984-07-25
EP0113833A3 EP0113833A3 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0113833B1 true EP0113833B1 (en) 1988-02-03

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EP83111635A Expired EP0113833B1 (en) 1983-01-18 1983-11-22 Projectile with explosive and incendiary action

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US (1) US4662280A (en)
EP (1) EP0113833B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3301381C2 (en)
NO (1) NO159506C (en)

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US7603951B2 (en) * 2004-03-15 2009-10-20 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods
USRE45899E1 (en) 2000-02-23 2016-02-23 Orbital Atk, Inc. Low temperature, extrudable, high density reactive materials
US20050199323A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2005-09-15 Nielson Daniel B. Reactive material enhanced munition compositions and projectiles containing same
US7977420B2 (en) * 2000-02-23 2011-07-12 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material compositions, shot shells including reactive materials, and a method of producing same
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US20060027128A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2006-02-09 Hober Holding Company Firearms projectile having jacket runner
FR2867469A1 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-09-16 Alliant Techsystems Inc Reactive composition, useful in military and industrial explosives, comprises a metallic material defining a continuous phase and having an energetic material, which comprises oxidant and/or explosive of class 1.1
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0113833A3 (en) 1985-05-15
NO833634L (en) 1984-07-19
DE3301381C2 (en) 1986-03-20
DE3301381A1 (en) 1984-07-26
EP0113833A2 (en) 1984-07-25
NO159506C (en) 1989-01-04
US4662280A (en) 1987-05-05
NO159506B (en) 1988-09-26

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