EP1382855B1 - Turbomachine avec système de recirculation de fluide intégré - Google Patents

Turbomachine avec système de recirculation de fluide intégré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1382855B1
EP1382855B1 EP03011631A EP03011631A EP1382855B1 EP 1382855 B1 EP1382855 B1 EP 1382855B1 EP 03011631 A EP03011631 A EP 03011631A EP 03011631 A EP03011631 A EP 03011631A EP 1382855 B1 EP1382855 B1 EP 1382855B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
blade
stator
rotor
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03011631A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1382855A2 (fr
EP1382855A3 (fr
Inventor
Volker Dr.-Ing. Gümmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG filed Critical Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
Publication of EP1382855A2 publication Critical patent/EP1382855A2/fr
Publication of EP1382855A3 publication Critical patent/EP1382855A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1382855B1 publication Critical patent/EP1382855B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/321—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow compressors
    • F04D29/324—Blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/682—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid extraction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/684—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid injection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid flow machine with an integrated fluid circulation system.
  • the aerodynamic load capacity of components of a fluid power machine is limited by the growth and detachment of tread boundary layers on the blade surfaces and the sidewall boundary layers formed on the hub and the housing.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a fluid flow machine, which with a simple structure, low number of parts and cost manufacturability while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art has a particularly high aerodynamic load.
  • the present invention relates to fluid flow machines such as fans, compressors, pumps and fans in axial, semi-axial or radial design with gaseous or liquid working medium (fluid).
  • the fluid flow machine consists of one or more stages. Each stage usually includes a rotor and a stator, in some cases there is only one rotor.
  • the rotor consists of a number of blades, which are connected to the rotating shaft of the fluid flow machine and deliver energy to the working fluid.
  • the rotor can be designed with or without shroud on the outer blade end.
  • the stator in turn, consists of a number of stationary blades, which can be designed either at the ends with shroud or on the hub side with a free blade end.
  • the turbomachine is usually surrounded by a housing, in other cases (eg propellers or propellers) there is no housing.
  • the turbomachine may have a stator in front of the first rotor (leading wheel).
  • at least one stator or Vorleitrad be rotatably mounted and have to adjust an accessible from outside the housing spindle.
  • the turbomachine can also have at least one row of adjustable rotors.
  • said multi-stage turbomachine may have two counterrotating shafts so that the rotor blade rows change direction of rotation from stage to stage. There are no stators between successive rotors.
  • the fluid flow machine may have a bypass configuration such that the single-flow annular channel divides behind one of the blade rows into two concentric annular channels, which in turn accommodate at least one row of blades each.
  • at least one row of blades (rotor or stator) of the turbomachine both a device for the removal of fluid from the main flow path as also provided means for supplying fluid into the main flow path (bifunctional flow control). At least one line for returning the removed fluid to a further upstream point on the main flow path exists in connection with the removal device.
  • the supply device is connected to at least one line, to which fluid is returned from a further downstream position on the main flow path.
  • this principle of action extends when connecting a plurality of blade rows to form an integrated fluid circulation system over a plurality of stages of the fluid flow machine.
  • the central object of the invention is therefore an integrated system for continuous fluid circulation, which allows a bifunctional flow control on at least one row of blades and therefore differs in terms of concept, effectiveness and reuse across multiple stages of the fluid flow machine from the known from the prior art solutions.
  • At least one device for removing fluid and at least one device for supplying fluid to blade-channel-limiting surfaces are provided on at least one row of blades of the fluid-flow machine.
  • this feature continues over several rows of blades such that a device for fluid removal opens at least one blade of at least one stator or rotor row via at least one line to a device for fluid supply, which at an upstream point of the flow path at least one Blade of at least one stator or rotor row is located.
  • the inventively provided lines can either allow a free flow of the fluid or alternatively with be provided a fixed or variably controllable throttle body.
  • the line for collecting withdrawn fluid quantities of individual blades of the turbomachine is provided with a discharge chamber, preferably located at the periphery of the main flow path, into which individual conduits flow or from which the one or more conduits originate.
  • a supply chamber may be provided. Both the discharge chamber and the supply chamber serve to equalize the fluid flow and a corresponding, possibly required pressure equalization.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the known from the prior art solutions for fluid removal or fluid supply. It can be seen that a blow off of fluid from either a rotor or a stator (rotor or stator blade) takes place away from the fluid flow machine. In this case, an auxiliary pump 3 can be used. Furthermore, it is known to supply fluid from an external source, for example an auxiliary pump, a rotor or a stator.
  • Fig. 2 describes further solutions according to the prior art. These include the recirculation between axial gaps, the recirculation between axial gap and blade row (rotor or stator), and the recirculation between blade rows (rotor or stator).
  • Fig. 3 shows some possible main flow path configurations of the fluid circulation system integrated fluid flow machine of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows the definitions of the term "blade-channel-limiting surfaces" used according to the invention. It is, as can be seen from the caption of Fig. 4, a different arrangement and dimensioning of the individual areas provided.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the inventive concept with a continuous fluid circulation. It can be seen that here circulation lines are provided alternately between rotors 1 and stators 2, the blade rows according to the invention To give bifunctionality.
  • the conduit 4 shown schematically, it is in each case possible to suck or remove fluid and to conduct it at a location upstream of the flow path of the fluid flow machine in order to supply it there again.
  • the fluid removal and supply can take place either on a rotor or on a stator (or on a respective blade thereof), wherein the fluid enters or exits through recesses, not shown in detail, in blades of the rotor or stator.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the inventive concept with a continuous fluid circulation. It can be seen that here circulation lines are provided alternately between rotors 1 and stators 2, the blade rows according to the invention To give bifunctionality.
  • the conduit 4 shown schematically, it is in each case possible to suck or
  • the conduit 4 may connect either stators or rotors with each other, but it is also possible to remove fluid from a rotor and feed it to a stator or to remove it from a stator and supply it to a rotor to determine the bifunctionality (fluid withdrawal and removal) supply at the same time) to ensure one or more rows of blades.
  • a throttle body 5 which optionally is variably adjustable in order to adapt the inventive design to different operating conditions of the fluid flow machine can.
  • the circulation system is always such that a bifunctional flow influencing is possible on at least one blade of a rotor or stator row by the simultaneous presence of a removal point and a supply point, and thus bifunctionality is produced.
  • Blade channel limiting surfaces are as shown in Figure 4, all surfaces of a blade itself (suction side, pressure side, leading edge and trailing edge), surfaces on the hub and housing of the fluid flow machine with a position between the leading and trailing edges of the blade row, Surfaces on hub or housing with fixed connection to the blade (paddles, shrouds, blisk or bling configurations) between a location 25% of the local meridional blade chord length (CmG or CmN) located in front of the leading edge and the leading edge itself, surfaces on hub or Housing with no fixed connection to the blade (free rotor or stator ends) located between a location 35% of the local meridional blade chord length (CmG or CmN) before the leading edge and the leading edge itself.
  • CmG or CmN local meridional blade chord length
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 received.
  • FIG. 6 shows a fluid discharge chamber 6 formed on or in a housing of the fluid flow machine (not shown in more detail) with arbitrarily selectable shape, which is connected to the conduit 4 and with at least one opening at least on blade surface defining surfaces a blade of a stator or a stator 2 is in communication. Furthermore, it can be seen that the line 4 is formed in the region of the housing and forms a transfer path. At least one line 4 and / or a discharge chamber 6 are provided.
  • the conduit 4 discharges into a fluid supply chamber 7 located in or on the housing, which can be configured with regard to its dimensioning and shaping and is in communication with at least one opening on a surface defining the shovel passage of at least one blade of a further upstream stator row or a stator 2
  • at least one blade of at least one of the rows of stator connected to the fluid circulation system has a number of openings on the blade channel defining surfaces, one part of which is connected to a discharge chamber 6 and the remaining part to a supply chamber 7.
  • FIG. 6 in its lower half of the illustration shows an embodiment variant in which the discharge chamber 6, the lines 4 and the supply chamber 7 are assigned to individual rotor rows.
  • the lines 4 are formed in this case in or on the rotor drum or the hub of the rotor.
  • at least one blade of at least one of the rows of rotors incorporated into the fluid circulation system has a number of openings on the blade channel defining surfaces, one part of which is connected to a discharge chamber 6 and the remaining part to a supply chamber 7.
  • FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment in which a fluid discharge chamber 6 of selectable shape located in or on the rotor drum communicates with at least one opening on a blade channel defining surface of at least one blade of a stator row 2. Furthermore, a transfer path (FIG. Lead 4) In or on the rotor drum, a fluid supply chamber 7 of selectable shape is formed, which communicates with at least one opening on a blade channel defining surface of at least one blade of a In order to realize the bifunctionality according to the invention, at least one blade of at least one of the stator rows embedded in the fluid circulation system has a number of openings on the blade channel defining surfaces, one part being connected to a discharge chamber 6 and the remaining part to a supply chamber 7.
  • FIG. 7 shows an alternative or additional embodiment in which a fluid discharge chamber 6 of selectable shape located in or on the housing communicates with at least one opening on a surface of the blade row bounding at least one blade of a rotor row 1.
  • a transfer path (line 4) is formed. This includes, as in the other embodiments, at least one line and / or a chamber of selectable shape, which is in communication with at least one opening on Schaufelkanalbeskynden surfaces of at least one blade of a further upstream rotor row 1.
  • the bifunctionality comprises at least one Blade of at least one of the rotor rows incorporated in the fluid circulation system on a number of openings on Schaufelkanalbegrenzenden surfaces, of which a part with a discharge chamber 6 and the remaining part is connected to a supply chamber 7.
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment with a variable stator blade of a stator 2, which may also be a Vorleitschaufel.
  • the stator blade consists of a profiled blade and a spindle connected thereto, which leads through the housing of the fluid flow machine to the outside and there allows the connection to any adjustment mechanism.
  • the spindle 8 is rotatably mounted about its own axis on or in the housing and has an arbitrary cross-sectional profile along its axis.
  • the spindle is hollow inside and has two adjacent or nested channels along its entire length or over parts of its length.
  • One of said channels of the spindle 8 serves to supply fluid to the blade and for this purpose has a lateral or head-side inlet, which allows the inflow from the fluid supply chamber 7.
  • this spindle channel is connected via at least one cavity in the blade interior with at least one opening on surfaces of the variable stator blade.
  • the other of said spindle channels communicates with at least one cavity in the blade interior with at least one opening on surfaces of the variable stator blade.
  • This spindle channel is used for fluid removal from the blade and has for this purpose a lateral or head-side outlet, which allows the outflow into the fluid discharge chamber 6.
  • the storage of the spindle 8 in the housing can be either directly or via at least a slide bushing done. In the embodiment shown, a total of three bushings are provided.
  • a variable, bifunctional stator blade according to the invention can have, in addition to the spindle with bearing on the housing, a further, internal spindle with mounting in a fixed region on the hub of the fluid flow machine. It may then be advantageous to allow the fluid removal via a spindle channel leading outward to the housing and a discharge chamber connected thereto on the housing, but to ensure the supply of fluid to the hub via a spindle channel coming from the hub and a supply chamber connected thereto.
  • the fluid flow machine according to the invention with the fluid circulation system according to the invention allows a hitherto unequaled level of active boundary layer influence in fluid flow machines of different design, such as fans, compressors, pumps, fans, propellers and propellers.
  • the fluid circulation system according to the invention operates continuously active and leads over a wide operating range of the fluid flow machine to a strong increase in the aerodynamic load capacity.
  • the fluid circulation system of the present invention is self-powered and does not require power input from outside the fluid power machine. Due to the completely module-internal running circulation of fluid a fluid mass loss between inlet and outlet of the fluid flow machine is avoided. Thus, effective reuse of the extracted fluid elsewhere in the fluid power machine is enabled.
  • the invention also has the advantage that in particular by the bifunctionality of one or more blade rows according to the invention, a very intensive exchange of fluid between blade channel limiting surfaces is achieved, ie the surfaces which are significantly involved in the boundary layer structure and the loss originating in the machine.
  • the systematic repetition along the stages of the fluid flow machine as well as the intermeshing of one or more fluid removal / supply schemes is the cause for achieving a greatly increased aerodynamic load capacity of all blade rows of the fluid power machine (rotors and stators).
  • an increase in the load capacity of the fluid power machine is made possible by a factor of 1.5 to 2.5.
  • the number of installed parts can be while maintaining or improving the efficiency of up to 2%, the number of installed parts by about 50% compared to a conventional Lower built flow working machine. As a result, a cost reduction of about 20% can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Machine à écoulement avec au moins une rangée de rotors (1) et un nombre quelconque de rangées de stators (2) qui sont traversées par un fluide, avec au moins une aube, qui présente sur les surfaces limitant le canal d'aubes un dispositif de prélèvement de fluide dans la voie d'écoulement et un dispositif d'injection de fluide dans la voie d'écoulement, avec au moins une conduite (4) destinée à recirculer le fluide à un endroit de la voie d'écoulement situé en amont de l'aube, et au moins une autre conduite (4) pour ramener le fluide d'un endroit de la voie d'écoulement situé plus en aval de l'aube.
  2. Machine à écoulement selon la revendication n° 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de prélèvement de fluide est formé sur au moins une aube d'au moins une rangée d'aubes de stators ou de rotors et débouche via au moins une conduite (4) dans un dispositif d'injection de fluide sur au moins une autre aube d'une rangée de rotors ou de stators.
  3. Machine à écoulement selon la revendication n° 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif d'injection de fluide est formé sur au moins une aube d'au moins une rangée d'aubes de stators ou de rotors et est alimenté via au moins une conduite (4) par un dispositif de prélèvement de fluide sur au moins une autre aube d'une rangée de rotors ou de stators.
  4. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un organe d'étranglement (5) est arrangé dans la conduite (4).
  5. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la conduite (4) permet le libre écoulement du fluide.
  6. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'aube est prévue avec un dispositif permettant de varier la section d'écoulement du fluide pour le prélèvement ou l'injection.
  7. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la conduite (4) destinée à recueillir les quantités de fluide prélevées sur des aubes individuelles est munie d'une chambre d'évacuation (6).
  8. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la conduite (4) destinée à recueillir les quantités de fluide à amener à des aubes individuelles est munie d'une chambre d'injection (7).
  9. Machine à écoulement selon la revendication n° 1, caractérisée en ce que sur une aube de stator logée de manière pivotante sont prévus à l'intérieur de la tige pivotante respectivement un canal d'injection de fluide et un canal d'évacuation de fluide sortant de la voie d'écoulement et allant vers le carter ou le moyeu, afin d'établir une bifonctionnalité.
EP03011631A 2002-07-20 2003-05-22 Turbomachine avec système de recirculation de fluide intégré Expired - Fee Related EP1382855B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10233032 2002-07-20
DE10233032A DE10233032A1 (de) 2002-07-20 2002-07-20 Strömungsarbeitsmaschine mit integriertem Fluidzirkulationssystem

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1382855A2 EP1382855A2 (fr) 2004-01-21
EP1382855A3 EP1382855A3 (fr) 2005-03-23
EP1382855B1 true EP1382855B1 (fr) 2006-10-25

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EP03011631A Expired - Fee Related EP1382855B1 (fr) 2002-07-20 2003-05-22 Turbomachine avec système de recirculation de fluide intégré

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7077623B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1382855B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10233032A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2272841T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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EP2110559A2 (fr) 2008-04-18 2009-10-21 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Turbomachine avec réinjection de fluide pour influencer la couche limite
EP2639411A1 (fr) 2012-03-12 2013-09-18 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Boîtier de turbomachine avec un système de recirculation de fluide

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EP1382855A2 (fr) 2004-01-21
ES2272841T3 (es) 2007-05-01
DE10233032A1 (de) 2004-01-29
US20040081552A1 (en) 2004-04-29
US7077623B2 (en) 2006-07-18
EP1382855A3 (fr) 2005-03-23
DE50305466D1 (de) 2006-12-07

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