EP1369374B1 - Device for changing the reeving arrangement for a crane - Google Patents

Device for changing the reeving arrangement for a crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1369374B1
EP1369374B1 EP03356077A EP03356077A EP1369374B1 EP 1369374 B1 EP1369374 B1 EP 1369374B1 EP 03356077 A EP03356077 A EP 03356077A EP 03356077 A EP03356077 A EP 03356077A EP 1369374 B1 EP1369374 B1 EP 1369374B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulley
jib
rigging
blocks
lifting
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03356077A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1369374A1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Eiwan
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Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
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Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
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Publication of EP1369374A1 publication Critical patent/EP1369374A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/04—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage
    • B66D3/043—Block and tackle system with variable number of cable parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a crane boom, in particular a luffing boom, combined with a device for changing the hauling, this device making it possible to change the hauling of the hoisting rope between a single-strand haul and a two-haft haul, and conversely, without dismantling the muffle.
  • the hoisting rope passes over one or more pulleys carried by the jib, the muffle provided with a lifting hook being suspended, by means of the hoisting rope, under the jib .
  • the number of vertical strands formed by the hoisting rope, between the boom tip and the muffle, determines the "hauling".
  • This number of strands can be made modifiable by a change of hauling device to adapt the crane to various conditions of use of the crane.
  • the hauling of the strands determines the lifting speed, a single-strand haul being suitable for fast lifting, for a relatively low load, while a two-sided haul is suitable for lifting at lower speed, heavier loads.
  • the arrowhead requires a particular construction, box-shaped beak, to take the width of the muffle, and it also requires a cable passage outside the arrow, with two pulleys.
  • the structure of the arrowhead must be important, to take the bending forces due to the beak shape of the tip of the arrowhead. This results, for the arrowhead, a complexity of realization and a weight high, making itself necessary an arrow pull attachment located further forward.
  • the lifting muffle As for the lifting muffle, it has an asymmetrical shape that can cause undesirable rotation of the muffle in windy conditions. Furthermore, the muffle has feet for its removal to the ground on one side, in case of single-hauling, which requires manual guidance of the muffle during its removal to the ground for maintenance.
  • the document US Patent 3648979 discloses another hoisting device, for hoisting apparatus, which also allows a change of hauling between a single-strand haul and a two-haly haul, and vice versa.
  • the lifting muffle here has a housing housing a horizontal axis pulley, and it also comprises means for retaining the end of the hoisting rope, for single-strand hauling. In the case of single-strand haulage (see Figure 3), the muffle occupies an inclined position.
  • the lateral offset of the pulley of the arrowhead, in two-legged haul is substantially equal to the horizontal distance between the point of attachment provided on the arrowhead and the vertical median plane of the arrow; thus, in two-leg hauling, the lifting hook is also in the vertical median plane of the boom.
  • the lateral shift system of the single pulley of the boom tip is feasible in a variety of ways.
  • this pulley is mounted in a pulley box, constituted in particular by two vertical plates parallel to the vertical median plane of the boom, said pulley box being slidably mounted on at least two horizontal rails oriented transversely to the arrow, means being provided for blocking the pulley box, therefore for positioning the pulley, either in the middle position for the single-brown haul, or in the lateral position for the two-leg haul.
  • the pulley of the arrowhead is mounted displaceable in translation on a horizontal shaft oriented transversely to the boom, the pulley being placed between two lateral flanges mounted around said shaft and provided to be locked in translation on said shaft. , for example by means of pins, in selected axial positions which keep the pulley in the middle position, for one-strand haul, or in the lateral position, for two-leg haul.
  • the pulley of the arrowhead is integral with a horizontal shaft oriented transversely to the boom, the shaft being movable in translation in its bearings so that the assembly constituted by the pulley and its shaft is displaceable. transversely for the passage from the single-strand haul position, with the pulley in the middle position, to the two-strand haul position, with the shifted pulley laterally, or vice versa.
  • the invention provides that, on the arrowhead, the transversely movable single pulley is replaced by two coaxial pulleys, in particular mounted on the same horizontal shaft oriented transversely to the arrow with a first pulley located centrally, substantially in the vertical median plane of the boom, for single-strand haul, and with a second laterally located shifter offset from the vertical median plane of the boom, for hauling two strands, the passage of single-strand haul to two-strand hauling, or vice versa, being performed by passing the hoist rope from the first pulley to the second pulley, or vice versa.
  • the crane boom with a change of hauling device further comprises means for temporarily fixing the lifting muffle under the arrowhead.
  • means for temporarily fixing the lifting muffle under the arrowhead are feasible in the form of a tab, single or double, integral with the frame of the arrowhead and directed downwards, said tab being adapted to be traversed, at its lower part, by a removable connecting pin with the upper part of the lifting muffle casing, brought to its highest position.
  • the guide means for the hoisting rope are constituted, in a particular embodiment, by a guide curved carried by an arm pivotally mounted in the housing of the muffle, the guide thus being movable between an active upper position, substantially tangential to the pulley of the muffle, and guiding the cable towards the center of the upper part of the muffle housing , for the single-strand haulage, and a retracted lower position, for the two-strand haul, means being provided for the non-permanent immobilization of said guide in one or the other of its two positions.
  • the guiding means for the hoisting rope consist of a shoe taking place inside the casing of the lifting block, above the pulley of the block, the shoe having a curved side guiding the hoist. cable, placed on this side, towards the center of the upper part of the muffle housing, means being provided for the non-permanent attachment of said shoe in the housing of the muffle.
  • the casing of the lifting muffle is provided at its lower part, feet for its installation on the ground, especially for maintenance operations.
  • Figures 1 and 2 partially show the arrowhead 2 of a luffing jib crane, the arrow being here assumed in a horizontal position. These figures also show part of the hoisting equipment of the crane, comprising a hoisting rope 3, and a lifting block 4 which carries a hoisting hook 5.
  • the hoisting rope 3, actuated by a non hoisting winch shown, may form a two-strand haul 3a and 3b ( Figure 1), or a single-strand haul 3c ( Figure 2).
  • a haul-change device makes it possible to switch from double-haul haul 3a, 3b to single-haul haul 3c, and vice versa from single-haul haul 3c to haul 2-haul 3a, 3b.
  • This device comprises particular arrangements of the arrowhead 2 and the lifting muffle 4.
  • the arrowhead 2 carries a single pulley 6, on which the lifting cable 3 passes from the rear of the boom, the pulley 6 thereby deflecting the cable 3 downwards, towards the muffle 4 located under the tip 2.
  • the pulley 6, located in a vertical plane, is mounted on a horizontal shaft 7, oriented transversely to the arrow.
  • the pulley 6 can be displaced in translation along the horizontal shaft 7, according to the arrow 8.
  • the two cheeks 9 and 10 are provided with pins (not shown), which allow their locking in translation in various positions on the shaft 7.
  • a tab 11, directed downwards, is fixed to the frame of the arrowhead 2, more particularly to an end crosspiece 12 of this framework, located just in front of the pulley 6.
  • the lug 11 has a hole 13 towards its free bottom end.
  • a yoke 14 Under the crosspiece 12 is also fixed a yoke 14, at the lower end of which is mounted a swivel 15 serving as an attachment point for the end of the hoisting cable 3, this cable end being provided with a box. corner 16.
  • the yoke 14 with its swivel 15 is located on the side of the lug 11, and is thus laterally offset relative to the vertical median plane P of the arrowhead 2 (see also Figures 3 and 4).
  • the lifting muffle 4 has a generally symmetrical housing, consisting mainly of two parallel plates 17 and 18, joined to each other, the two plates 17 and 18 being substantially rectangular, and vertical.
  • the lifting hook 5 is attached to a horizontal axis 19 which connects the two plates 17 and 18 in their lower part.
  • a pulley 20 rotatably mounted on a horizontal axis 21 which connects the two plates 17 and 18.
  • the casing of the lifting muffle 4 is provided at its lower part with two feet 22 and 23, fixed between the two plates 17 and 18 on either side of the lifting hook 5.
  • the lifting muffle casing 4 comprises means for attaching the end of the lifting cable 3.
  • These means here consist of two holes 24 and 25, formed in correspondence in the upper parts of the two plates 17 and 18, and by an axle 26 which can be engaged removably in the two holes 24, 25 and in the box. at the corner 16 of the end of the lifting cable 3.
  • the two plates 17 and 18 further comprise other respective holes 27 and 28, formed in correspondence and provided to receive a removable pin 29, for connecting the lifting muffle 4 to the lug 11 during operations. change of hauling.
  • the lifting muffle 4 is equipped with a curved guide 30, carried by a pivoting arm 31.
  • the curved guide 30 has a groove 32, adapted to the size of the lifting cable 3.
  • the arm pivoting 31 is articulated about a horizontal axis 33, located on one of the vertical sides of the muffle 4.
  • the curved guide 30 is movable, by pivoting the arm 31 about the axis 33, between an upper position active, substantially tangent to the pulley 20 (see Figures 2 and 3), and a retracted lower position ( Figure 1).
  • Means, such as a removable axle or pin, are provided for non-permanently securing the curved guide 30 in either of the two positions indicated above.
  • the horizontal pivot axis 33 carries, at one of its ends, an external operating rod or handle (not shown), which can be used to control the passage of the curved guide 30 from its active position to its retracted position, and Conversely.
  • the hoisting rope 3 passes around the lower part of the pulley 20 of the lifting block 4.
  • the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2 is shifted laterally, and maintained in this position shifted on the shaft 7 by locking in translation of the two cheeks 9 and 10, visible in Figure 2.
  • the corner box 16 of the end of the lifting cable 3 is attached to the swivel 15 carried by the yoke 14 of the arrowhead 2.
  • the curved guide 30 is placed and immobilized in its lower retracted position, so that it does not intervene.
  • the shifted position of the pulley 6, and the position of the attachment point (swivel 15) of the end of the cable 3, are such that the lifting muffle 4 is substantially perpendicular to the vertical median plane P of the arrow.
  • the two strands 3a and 3b formed by the hoisting cable are located in the same vertical plane, perpendicular to the vertical median plane P of the arrow.
  • the lifting axis that is to say, the vertical axis of the hook 5, is contained in the vertical median plane P of the arrow.
  • the transverse vertical plane, containing the lifting block 4 passes substantially through the end cross-member 12 of the arrowhead 2, so that the maximum reach of the crane is not reduced (for an arrow length data).
  • the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2 is placed in the vertical median plane P of the arrow, and it is held in this median position on the shaft 7 by locking in translation of the two cheeks 9 and 10.
  • the corner box 16 of the end of the lifting cable 3 is attached to the lifting block 4, more particularly on the axis 26 engaged in the two holes 24 and 25.
  • the curved guide 30 occupies its upper active position, and it is immobilized in this position.
  • the single strand 3c of the lifting cable 3 is guided towards the center of the upper part of the casing 17, 18 of the muffle 4.
  • the lifting block 4 is suspended in a symmetrical and balanced manner, the lifting axis being located again in the vertical median plane P of the boom, and closer to the end (crossbar 12) of the arrowhead 2.
  • the lifting luff of the crane concerned is first brought into horizontal position.
  • the usual working platform, not shown, is brought towards the arrowhead 2, to allow the intervention of an operator.
  • the position "mounting" of the crane is selected, for a decommissioning of the limiters of stroke of the crane.
  • the lifting muffle 4 is then brought to its highest position, just below the end crossmember 12 of the jib 2, beyond the maximum position of limitation of high stroke of the lifting hooks 5.
  • the muffle 4 is fixed temporarily under the arrowhead 2, by engagement of the axis 29 simultaneously in the two holes 27 and 28 of the plates 17 and 18 of the muffle 4, and in the hole 13 of the lug 11 secured to the end cross 12 of the arrowhead 2.
  • the lifting cable 3 is then given "slack", and the pin connecting the corner box 16 to the swivel 15 is removed. The end of the cable 3 thus becomes free. This end is then attached to the casing 17, 18 of the muffle 4, by engagement of the shaft 26 through the two holes 24, 25 and the corner box 16.
  • the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2 is unlocked, and it is moved on its shaft 7 to be positioned in the vertical median plane P of the arrow.
  • the pulley 6 is locked in this new position, median.
  • the curved guide 30 is brought into its active upper position, and it is locked in this position, so as to "center” the lifting cable engaged in its groove 32. Then, the cable 3 is stretched by actuation of the hoist winch, until relieving the connection between the muffle 4 and the lug 11. This connection is then removed by removing the axis 29.
  • the work platform is finally moved back to its non-use position, and the "work" position of the crane is selected at the control station thereof.
  • the lifting muffle 4 comprises, in its upper part, a fixed counter-form 41 situated opposite the active upper position of the curved guide 30.
  • the lifting cable 3 passes between the curved guide 30 and the counter-form 41, which guarantees its positioning in the center of the upper part of the casing 17, 18 of the muffle 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the lifting muffle 4, in which the pivoting curved guide, previously described, is replaced by a shoe 34 placed inside the muffle casing 4, that is to say between the two plates 17 and 18, above the pulley 20.
  • the shoe 34 has a curved side, which guides the hoisting rope 3, placed on this side, towards the center of the upper part of the muffle 4.
  • This shoe 34 is immobilized in position non-permanently in the housing 17, 18 of the muffle, for example by means of two axes 35 and 36.
  • FIG. 5 Another variant, relating to the mounting of the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2, is illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the pulley 6 is here rotatably mounted, on an axis 7, in a pulley box consisting of two plates vertical lines 37 and 38, parallel to each other and to the vertical median plane of the arrow.
  • the pulley box 37, 38 is slidably mounted along the arrow 8 on two horizontal rails 39 and 40, oriented transversely to the arrow.
  • Unrepresented means are provided for locking the pulley box 37, 38 either in a middle position, for single-stranded hauling, or in a laterally offset position, for two-strand hauling, the structure and operation of the change of hawking not being modified for the rest.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates yet another variant of the assembly of the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2.
  • the pulley 6 is here integral with its horizontal shaft 7, which is mounted both rotating and movable in translation (arrow 8) in bearings 41 and 42.
  • the assembly consisting of the pulley 6 and its shaft 7 which is moved transversely, to move from the single-strand haul position 3c, with the pulley 6 in the middle position, to the two-strand haul position 3a, 3b, with the same pulley 6 shifted laterally.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative solution in which, on the arrowhead 2, the single pulley 6, which is transversally movable, of the preceding embodiments is replaced by two coaxial pulleys 6a and 6b, mounted on the same horizontal shaft 7. oriented transversely to the arrow.
  • the first pulley 6a is centrally located, i.e. in the vertical median plane of the boom, and is used for single-strand haul.
  • the second pulley 6b is located in a lateral position, thus offset from the vertical median plane of the boom, and is used for two-strand hauling.
  • the passage from one-strand to two-stranded haulage, or vice versa, is performed by passing the hoisting rope from the pulley 6a to the pulley 6b, or from the pulley 6b to the pulley 6a.
  • the operation is performed manually, when the muffle 4 is temporarily fixed under the arrowhead 2 (as described above).
  • the device for changing the hauling, object of the invention is particularly applicable to luffing jib cranes without trolley, high height, and working at high lifting speeds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne une flèche de grue, en particulier une flèche relevable, combinée avec un dispositif de changement de mouflage, ce dispositif permettant de réaliser un changement de mouflage du câble de levage entre un mouflage à brin unique et un mouflage à deux brins, et inversement, sans démontage de la moufle.The present invention relates to a crane boom, in particular a luffing boom, combined with a device for changing the hauling, this device making it possible to change the hauling of the hoisting rope between a single-strand haul and a two-haft haul, and conversely, without dismantling the muffle.

Dans une grue à flèche relevable, le câble de levage passe sur une ou plusieurs poulies portées par la pointe de flèche, la moufle munie d'un crochet de levage étant suspendue, par l'intermédiaire du câble de levage, sous la pointe de flèche. Le nombre des brins verticaux formés par le câble de levage, entre la pointe de flèche et la moufle, détermine le « mouflage ». Ce nombre de brins peut être rendu modifiable par un dispositif de changement de mouflage pour adapter la grue à diverses conditions d'utilisation de la grue. En particulier, le mouflage des brins détermine la vitesse de levage, un mouflage à un seul brin étant adapté à un levage rapide, pour une charge relativement faible, tandis qu'un mouflage à deux brins est adapté au levage à plus faible vitesse, de charges plus lourdes.In a luffing jib crane, the hoisting rope passes over one or more pulleys carried by the jib, the muffle provided with a lifting hook being suspended, by means of the hoisting rope, under the jib . The number of vertical strands formed by the hoisting rope, between the boom tip and the muffle, determines the "hauling". This number of strands can be made modifiable by a change of hauling device to adapt the crane to various conditions of use of the crane. In particular, the hauling of the strands determines the lifting speed, a single-strand haul being suitable for fast lifting, for a relatively low load, while a two-sided haul is suitable for lifting at lower speed, heavier loads.

Un dispositif connu de changement de mouflage pour une telle grue, permettant de passer d'un mouflage à un seul brin à un mouflage à deux brins et inversement, se caractérise essentiellement par :

  • une structure de pointe de flèche avec chemin de câble passant successivement sur deux poulies situées dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche, et comportant aussi un point fixe situé dans l'axe longitudinal de la flèche ;
  • une moufle située dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche, cette moufle possédant une forme particulière permettant de répartir les masses, en position de travail de la grue à un seul brin, de façon à ce que le crochet de levage soit dans l'axe vertical de l'unique brin de câble.
A known device for changing the hauling system for such a crane, enabling a change from a single-strand haul to a two-haul haul and vice versa, is essentially characterized by:
  • an arrowhead structure with cable duct successively passing over two pulleys located in the vertical median plane of the boom, and also having a fixed point located in the longitudinal axis of the boom;
  • a muffle located in the vertical median plane of the boom, this muffle having a particular shape for distributing the masses, in the operating position of the crane to a single strand, so that the lifting hook is in the axis vertical of the single strand of cable.

Cette solution technique comporte divers inconvénients :This technical solution has various disadvantages:

La pointe de flèche nécessite une construction particulière, en forme de bec en caisson, pour reprendre la largeur de la moufle, et elle nécessite aussi un passage de câble extérieur à la flèche, avec deux poulies. De plus, la structure de la pointe de flèche doit être importante, pour reprendre les efforts de flexion dus à la forme en bec de l'extrémité de la pointe de flèche. Il en résulte, pour la pointe de flèche, une complexité de réalisation et un poids élevé, rendant lui-même nécessaire une attache de tirant de flèche située plus en avant.The arrowhead requires a particular construction, box-shaped beak, to take the width of the muffle, and it also requires a cable passage outside the arrow, with two pulleys. In addition, the structure of the arrowhead must be important, to take the bending forces due to the beak shape of the tip of the arrowhead. This results, for the arrowhead, a complexity of realization and a weight high, making itself necessary an arrow pull attachment located further forward.

Quant à la moufle de levage, celle-ci possède une forme asymétrique qui peut entraîner une rotation indésirable de cette moufle en cas de vent. Par ailleurs, la moufle possède des pieds pour sa dépose au sol sur un côté, en cas de mouflage à un brin, ce qui nécessite un guidage manuel de la moufle lors de sa dépose au sol pour sa maintenance.As for the lifting muffle, it has an asymmetrical shape that can cause undesirable rotation of the muffle in windy conditions. Furthermore, the muffle has feet for its removal to the ground on one side, in case of single-hauling, which requires manual guidance of the muffle during its removal to the ground for maintenance.

Le document US-A-3648979 décrit un autre dispositif de changement de mouflage, pour appareil de levage, qui permet également de réaliser un changement de mouflage entre un mouflage à brin unique et un mouflage à deux brins, et inversement. La moufle de levage possède ici un carter logeant une poulie d'axe horizontal, et elle comporte aussi des moyens de retenue de l'extrémité du câble de levage, pour le mouflage à brin unique. Dans le cas du mouflage à brin unique (voir figure 3), la moufle occupe une position inclinée.The document US Patent 3648979 discloses another hoisting device, for hoisting apparatus, which also allows a change of hauling between a single-strand haul and a two-haly haul, and vice versa. The lifting muffle here has a housing housing a horizontal axis pulley, and it also comprises means for retaining the end of the hoisting rope, for single-strand hauling. In the case of single-strand haulage (see Figure 3), the muffle occupies an inclined position.

La présente invention vise à éviter tous les inconvénients précédemment exposés, en fournissant une solution plus simple et plus économique pour le changement de mouflage, solution qui en particulier :

  • supprime toute structure spécifique pour la pointe de flèche, et nécessite une seule poulie sur la pointe de flèche, d'où une simplification importante ;
  • permet ainsi une réalisation plus légère de la pointe de flèche, à caractéristiques égales de charge/portée ;
  • conduit aussi à une réalisation plus simple, plus légère et mieux équilibrée de la moufle, qui, en particulier, se trouvera équilibrée, sans dispositions particulières, dans la position de travail à un seul brin.
The present invention aims to avoid all the previously mentioned disadvantages, by providing a simpler and more economical solution for the change of hauling, which solution in particular:
  • removes any specific structure for the arrowhead, and requires a single pulley on the arrowhead, hence a significant simplification;
  • thus allows a lighter achievement of the arrowhead, with equal load / reach characteristics;
  • It also leads to a simpler, lighter and more balanced construction of the muffle, which, in particular, will be balanced, without particular provisions, in the single-strand work position.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet une flèche de grue avec dispositif de changement de mouflage, du genre précisé en introduction, qui comprend essentiellement, en combinaison :

  • sur la pointe de flèche, une poulie unique montée sur un axe horizontal orienté transversalement à la flèche selon cet axe, la poulie étant déplaçable entre une position centrale, située sensiblement dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche, pour le mouflage à brin unique, et une position latérale, pour le mouflage à deux brins, la pointe de flèche comportant aussi, pour le mouflage à deux brins, un point d'attache de l'extrémité du câble de levage, ce point d'attache étant situé, par rapport au plan médian vertical de la flèche, du côté opposé à la position latérale de la poulie ;
  • une moufle de levage avec carter de forme générale symétrique, logeant une poulie d'axe horizontal, la moufle étant équipée de moyens d'attache de l'extrémité du câble de levage, pour le mouflage à brin unique, et aussi de moyens de guidage pour le câble de levage, guidant ce câble vers le centre de la partie supérieure du carter de la moufle, pour le mouflage à brin unique, la disposition étant telle qu'en mouflage à deux brins, la moufle soit située sensiblement dans un plan vertical perpendiculaire au plan médian vertical de la flèche.
To this end, the subject of the present invention is a crane boom with a device for changing the hauling, of the type specified in the introduction, which essentially comprises, in combination:
  • on the arrowhead, a single pulley mounted on a horizontal axis oriented transversely to the boom along said axis, the pulley being movable between a central position, located substantially in the vertical median plane of the boom, for single-strand hauling, and a lateral position, for two-leg haul, the boom tip also having, for the two-leg haul, a point of attachment of the end of the hoisting rope, which attachment point is located, relative to at the median vertical plane of the boom, on the opposite side to the lateral position of the pulley;
  • a lifting block with a generally symmetrical casing, housing a horizontal axis pulley, the block being equipped with means for attaching the end of the lifting cable, for the single-strand haul, and also guiding means for the hoisting rope, guiding this cable towards the center of the upper case of the muffle housing, for single-strand hauling, the provision being such that in two-strand haul, the muffle is located substantially in a vertical plane perpendicular to the vertical median plane of the boom.

Ainsi, le principe de l'invention est le suivant :

  • En mouflage à un seul brin, la poulie unique de la pointe de flèche est maintenue dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche. L'extrémité du câble de levage est attachée sur la moufle, et guidée sur cette moufle de telle sorte que la moufle soit suspendue de façon symétrique et équilibrée au câble de levage, le crochet de levage se situant dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche.
  • En mouflage à deux brins, la poulie de la pointe de flèche est déportée latéralement, et l'extrémité du câble de levage est attachée sur la pointe de flèche du côté opposé à la poulie (par rapport au plan médian vertical de la flèche). Ainsi, les deux brins du câble de levage, et la moufle elle-même, sont situés sensiblement dans un plan vertical perpendiculaire au plan médian vertical de la flèche.
Thus, the principle of the invention is as follows:
  • In single-stranded haulage, the single pulley of the arrowhead is held in the vertical median plane of the boom. The end of the hoisting rope is attached to the muffle and guided on the muffle so that the muffle is symmetrically and evenly suspended from the hoisting rope, the hoisting hook being in the vertical median plane of the boom. .
  • In two-legged haulage, the boom pulley is offset laterally, and the end of the hoist rope is attached to the arrowhead on the side opposite the pulley (relative to the vertical median plane of the boom). Thus, the two strands of the lifting cable, and the muffle itself, are located substantially in a vertical plane perpendicular to the vertical median plane of the boom.

De préférence, le décalage latéral de la poulie de la pointe de flèche, en mouflage à deux brins, est sensiblement égal à la distance horizontale entre le point d'attache prévu sur la pointe de flèche et le plan médian vertical de la flèche ; ainsi, en mouflage à deux brins, le crochet de levage se situe lui aussi dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche.Preferably, the lateral offset of the pulley of the arrowhead, in two-legged haul, is substantially equal to the horizontal distance between the point of attachment provided on the arrowhead and the vertical median plane of the arrow; thus, in two-leg hauling, the lifting hook is also in the vertical median plane of the boom.

Le système de décalage latéral de la poulie unique de la pointe de flèche est réalisable de diverses manières.The lateral shift system of the single pulley of the boom tip is feasible in a variety of ways.

Selon un mode de réalisation, cette poulie est montée dans une boîte à poulie, constituée notamment par deux plaques verticales parallèles au plan médian vertical de la flèche, ladite boîte à poulie étant montée coulissante sur au moins deux glissières horizontales orientées transversalement à la flèche, des moyens étant prévus pour le blocage de la boîte à poulie, donc pour le positionnement de la poulie, soit en position médiane pour le mouflage à brun unique, soit en position latérale pour le mouflage à deux brins.According to one embodiment, this pulley is mounted in a pulley box, constituted in particular by two vertical plates parallel to the vertical median plane of the boom, said pulley box being slidably mounted on at least two horizontal rails oriented transversely to the arrow, means being provided for blocking the pulley box, therefore for positioning the pulley, either in the middle position for the single-brown haul, or in the lateral position for the two-leg haul.

En alternative, la poulie de la pointe de flèche est montée déplaçable en translation sur un arbre horizontal orienté transversalement à la flèche, la poulie étant placée entre deux joues latérales montées autour de l'arbre précité et prévues pour être bloquées en translation sur cet arbre, par exemple au moyen de goupilles, dans des positions axiales choisies qui maintiennent la poulie soit en position médiane, pour le mouflage à un brin, soit en position latérale, pour le mouflage à deux brins.Alternatively, the pulley of the arrowhead is mounted displaceable in translation on a horizontal shaft oriented transversely to the boom, the pulley being placed between two lateral flanges mounted around said shaft and provided to be locked in translation on said shaft. , for example by means of pins, in selected axial positions which keep the pulley in the middle position, for one-strand haul, or in the lateral position, for two-leg haul.

Selon une autre variante, la poulie de la pointe de flèche est solidaire d'un arbre horizontal orienté transversalement à la flèche, l'arbre étant mobile en translation dans ses paliers de sorte que l'ensemble constitué par la poulie et son arbre est déplaçable transversalement pour le passage de la position de mouflage à brin unique, avec la poulie en position médiane, à la position de mouflage à deux brins, avec la poulie décalée latéralement, ou inversement.According to another variant, the pulley of the arrowhead is integral with a horizontal shaft oriented transversely to the boom, the shaft being movable in translation in its bearings so that the assembly constituted by the pulley and its shaft is displaceable. transversely for the passage from the single-strand haul position, with the pulley in the middle position, to the two-strand haul position, with the shifted pulley laterally, or vice versa.

Selon encore une autre possibilité, équivalente aux solutions précédentes, l'invention prévoit que, sur la pointe de flèche, la poulie unique mobile transversalement est remplacée par deux poulies coaxiales, en particulier montées sur un même arbre horizontal orienté transversalement à la flèche avec une première poulie située en position centrale, sensiblement dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche, pour le mouflage à brin unique, et avec une seconde poulie située en position latérale, décalée par rapport au plan médian vertical de la flèche, pour le mouflage à deux brins, le passage du mouflage à brin unique au mouflage à deux brins, ou inversement, étant effectué en faisant passer le câble de levage de la première poulie à la seconde poulie, ou vice versa.According to yet another possibility, equivalent to the preceding solutions, the invention provides that, on the arrowhead, the transversely movable single pulley is replaced by two coaxial pulleys, in particular mounted on the same horizontal shaft oriented transversely to the arrow with a first pulley located centrally, substantially in the vertical median plane of the boom, for single-strand haul, and with a second laterally located shifter offset from the vertical median plane of the boom, for hauling two strands, the passage of single-strand haul to two-strand hauling, or vice versa, being performed by passing the hoist rope from the first pulley to the second pulley, or vice versa.

Avantageusement, la flèche de grue avec dispositif de changement de mouflage, objet de la présente invention, comprend encore des moyens de fixation temporaire de la moufle de levage sous la pointe de flèche. Ces moyens sont réalisables sous la forme d'une patte, simple ou double, solidaire de la charpente de la pointe de flèche et dirigée vers le bas, ladite patte étant prévue pour être traversée, à sa partie inférieure, par un axe amovible de liaison avec la partie supérieure du carter de la moufle de levage, amenée dans sa position la plus haute. Ces moyens permettent de fixer directement la moufle sous la pointe de flèche, cette dernière étant notamment amenée en position horizontale, pour procéder aux opérations de changement de mouflage ; la liaison mécanique de la moufle à la pointe de la flèche, alors réalisée, permet de séparer l'extrémité du câble de levage de l'un de ses points d'attache (sur la pointe de flèche ou sur la moufle), et d'amener cette extrémité de câble sur l'autre point d'attache pour l'y fixer.Advantageously, the crane boom with a change of hauling device, object of the present invention, further comprises means for temporarily fixing the lifting muffle under the arrowhead. These means are feasible in the form of a tab, single or double, integral with the frame of the arrowhead and directed downwards, said tab being adapted to be traversed, at its lower part, by a removable connecting pin with the upper part of the lifting muffle casing, brought to its highest position. These means make it possible to directly fix the muffle under the arrowhead, the latter being in particular brought into a horizontal position, to carry out the operations of change of hauling; the mechanical connection of the muffle to the tip of the boom, then performed, separates the end of the lifting cable from one of its attachment points (on the arrowhead or on the mitt), and bring this cable end to the other attachment point to fix it.

Sur la moufle de levage, les moyens de guidage pour le câble de levage sont constitués, dans un mode de réalisation particulier, par un guide incurvé porté par un bras monté pivotant dans le carter de la moufle, le guide étant ainsi déplaçable entre une position supérieure active, sensiblement tangente à la poulie de la moufle, et guidant le câble vers le centre de la partie supérieure du carter de la moufle, pour le mouflage à un brin, et une position inférieure escamotée, pour le mouflage à deux brins, des moyens étant prévus pour l'immobilisation non permanente dudit guide dans l'une ou l'autre de ses deux positions.On the lifting muffle, the guide means for the hoisting rope are constituted, in a particular embodiment, by a guide curved carried by an arm pivotally mounted in the housing of the muffle, the guide thus being movable between an active upper position, substantially tangential to the pulley of the muffle, and guiding the cable towards the center of the upper part of the muffle housing , for the single-strand haulage, and a retracted lower position, for the two-strand haul, means being provided for the non-permanent immobilization of said guide in one or the other of its two positions.

Dans une variante, les moyens de guidage pour le câble de levage sont constitués par un sabot prenant place à l'intérieur du carter de la moufle de levage, au-dessus de la poulie de la moufle, le sabot possédant un côté incurvé guidant le câble, placé sur ce côté, vers le centre de la partie supérieure du carter de la moufle, des moyens étant prévus pour la fixation non permanente dudit sabot dans le carter de la moufle.In a variant, the guiding means for the hoisting rope consist of a shoe taking place inside the casing of the lifting block, above the pulley of the block, the shoe having a curved side guiding the hoist. cable, placed on this side, towards the center of the upper part of the muffle housing, means being provided for the non-permanent attachment of said shoe in the housing of the muffle.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le carter de la moufle de levage est muni, à sa partie inférieure, de pieds pour sa pose au sol, notamment en vue des opérations de maintenance.According to another characteristic, the casing of the lifting muffle is provided at its lower part, feet for its installation on the ground, especially for maintenance operations.

Dans l'ensemble, la flèche de grue avec dispositif de changement de mouflage, objet de la présente invention, possède les avantages suivants :

  • La pointe de flèche est de construction simple, car elle ne nécessite aucune structure spécifique et possède une poulie unique, éventuellement deux poulies portées par le même arbre.
  • Il en résulte que cette pointe de flèche est plus légère, ceci à caractéristiques égales de charge/portée.
  • La moufle de levage est, elle aussi, réalisable de façon plus simple, notamment avec des formes symétriques, et également de façon plus légère, sans nécessité d'un contrepoids pour son équilibrage en mouflage à un seul brin.
  • Cette moufle symétrique, et équilibrée, n'est pas sensible à l'effet du vent : on obtient une suppression de toute rotation indésirable en cas de vent.
  • Les pieds de la moufle, pour sa pose au sol, sont toujours orientés vers le bas, ce qui évite tout guidage particulier pour la poser au sol, que ce soit en mouflage à un brin ou à deux brins.
  • Les opérations de changement de mouflage s'effectuent de façon relativement aisée, « en l'air », sans démontage de la moufle qui lors de ces opérations est fixée sous la pointe de flèche, ce qui assure aussi toute la sécurité souhaitable.
  • La portée maximale de la grue reste la même en mouflage à deux brins et en mouflage à un brin, compte tenu de la position transversale de la moufle en mouflage à deux brins, position qui permet de conserver le même axe de levage qu'en mouflage à un brin, cet axe passant par l'extrémité de la pointe de flèche.
Overall, the crane boom with a change of hauling device, object of the present invention, has the following advantages:
  • The arrowhead is of simple construction because it requires no specific structure and has a single pulley, possibly two pulleys carried by the same tree.
  • As a result, this arrowhead is lighter, with equal load / reach characteristics.
  • The lifting mitt is also achievable in a simpler way, especially with symmetrical shapes, and also lighter, without the need for a counterweight for its balancing in single-strand haul.
  • This symmetrical and balanced mitt is not sensitive to the effect of the wind: we obtain a suppression of any unwanted rotation in case of wind.
  • The feet of the mitt, for its installation on the ground, are always oriented downward, which avoids any particular guidance to the ground, whether in single-strand or two-strand hauling.
  • The operations of change of hauling are carried out relatively easily, "in the air", without disassembly of the mittle which during these operations is fixed under the arrowhead, which also ensures all desirable security.
  • The maximum reach of the crane remains the same in two-strand haul and in one-haul haulage, taking into account the transverse position of the two-leg haul muffle, which allows keeping the same lifting axis in hauling. at one end, this axis passing through the end of the arrowhead.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemples, quelques formes d'exécution de cette flèche de grue avec dispositif de changement de mouflage :

  • Figure 1 est une vue en perspective montrant l'extrémité de la flèche d'une grue, équipée de ce dispositif, en position de mouflage à deux brins ;
  • Figure 2 est une vue en perspective similaire à la figure 1, mais illustrant la position de mouflage à un seul brin ;
  • Figure 3 est une vue en bout de la flèche de la grue, la moufle étant en position de changement de mouflage ;
  • Figure 4 est une vue comparable à la figure 3, illustrant une variante de la moufle, en ce qui concerne ses moyens de guidage pour le câble de levage ;
  • Figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'une variante de montage de la poulie de la pointe de flèche ;
  • Figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une autre variante de montage de cette poulie ;
  • Figure 7 est une vue en perspective montrant un agencement différent des poulies sur la pointe de flèche.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of example, a few embodiments of this crane boom with a device for changing the hauling system:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the end of the boom of a crane, equipped with this device, in two-legged hauling position;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view similar to Figure 1 but illustrating the single-strand haul position;
  • Figure 3 is an end view of the boom of the crane, the muffle being in position of change of hauling;
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, illustrating a variant of the muffle, with respect to its guide means for the hoisting rope;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a mounting variant of the pulley of the arrowhead;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of another mounting variant of this pulley;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view showing a different arrangement of the pulleys on the arrowhead.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent partiellement la pointe de flèche 2 d'une grue à flèche relevable, la flèche étant ici supposée en position horizontale. Ces figures montrent aussi une partie de l'équipement de levage de la grue, comprenant un câble de levage 3, et une moufle de levage 4 qui porte un crochet de levage 5. Le câble de levage 3, actionné par un treuil de levage non représenté, peut former un mouflage à deux brins 3a et 3b (figure 1), ou un mouflage à brin unique 3c (figure 2). Un dispositif de changement de mouflage, permet de passer du mouflage à deux brins 3a, 3b au mouflage à un seul brin 3c, et inversement du mouflage à un seul brin 3c au mouflage à deux brins 3a, 3b. Ce dispositif comprend des aménagements particuliers de la pointe de flèche 2 et de la moufle de levage 4.Figures 1 and 2 partially show the arrowhead 2 of a luffing jib crane, the arrow being here assumed in a horizontal position. These figures also show part of the hoisting equipment of the crane, comprising a hoisting rope 3, and a lifting block 4 which carries a hoisting hook 5. The hoisting rope 3, actuated by a non hoisting winch shown, may form a two-strand haul 3a and 3b (Figure 1), or a single-strand haul 3c (Figure 2). A haul-change device makes it possible to switch from double-haul haul 3a, 3b to single-haul haul 3c, and vice versa from single-haul haul 3c to haul 2-haul 3a, 3b. This device comprises particular arrangements of the arrowhead 2 and the lifting muffle 4.

La pointe de flèche 2 porte une unique poulie 6, sur laquelle passe le câble de levage 3 provenant de l'arrière de la flèche, la poulie 6 déviant ainsi le câble 3 vers le bas, en direction de la moufle 4 située sous la pointe de flèche 2. La poulie 6, située dans un plan vertical, est montée sur un arbre horizontal 7, orienté transversalement à la flèche.The arrowhead 2 carries a single pulley 6, on which the lifting cable 3 passes from the rear of the boom, the pulley 6 thereby deflecting the cable 3 downwards, towards the muffle 4 located under the tip 2. The pulley 6, located in a vertical plane, is mounted on a horizontal shaft 7, oriented transversely to the arrow.

De plus, dans la forme de réalisation montrée sur les figures 1 et 2, la poulie 6 est déplaçable en translation le long de l'arbre horizontal 7, selon la flèche 8. Deux joues latérales 9 et 10, montées autour de l'arbre 7, encadrent la poulie 6. Les deux joues 9 et 10 sont munies de goupilles (non représentées), qui permettent leur blocage en translation dans des positions diverses, sur l'arbre 7.In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pulley 6 can be displaced in translation along the horizontal shaft 7, according to the arrow 8. Two lateral cheeks 9 and 10, mounted around the shaft 7, frame the pulley 6. The two cheeks 9 and 10 are provided with pins (not shown), which allow their locking in translation in various positions on the shaft 7.

Une patte 11, dirigée vers le bas, est fixée à la charpente de la pointe de flèche 2, plus particulièrement à une traverse terminale 12 de cette charpente, située juste en avant de la poulie 6. La patte 11 présente un trou 13 vers son extrémité inférieure libre.A tab 11, directed downwards, is fixed to the frame of the arrowhead 2, more particularly to an end crosspiece 12 of this framework, located just in front of the pulley 6. The lug 11 has a hole 13 towards its free bottom end.

Sous la traverse 12 est aussi fixée une chape 14, à l'extrémité inférieure de laquelle est monté un émerillon 15 servant de point d'attache pour l'extrémité du câble de levage 3, cette extrémité de câble étant pourvue d'une boîte à coin 16. La chape 14 avec son émerillon 15 est située sur le côté de la patte 11, et elle se trouve ainsi décalée latéralement par rapport au plan médian vertical P de la pointe de flèche 2 (voir aussi les figures 3 et 4).Under the crosspiece 12 is also fixed a yoke 14, at the lower end of which is mounted a swivel 15 serving as an attachment point for the end of the hoisting cable 3, this cable end being provided with a box. corner 16. The yoke 14 with its swivel 15 is located on the side of the lug 11, and is thus laterally offset relative to the vertical median plane P of the arrowhead 2 (see also Figures 3 and 4).

La moufle de levage 4 possède un carter de forme générale symétrique, constitué principalement de deux plaques parallèles 17 et 18, réunies l'une à l'autre, les deux plaques 17 et 18 étant sensiblement rectangulaires, et verticales. Le crochet de levage 5 est attaché à un axe horizontal 19 qui relie les deux plaques 17 et 18 dans leur partie inférieure.The lifting muffle 4 has a generally symmetrical housing, consisting mainly of two parallel plates 17 and 18, joined to each other, the two plates 17 and 18 being substantially rectangular, and vertical. The lifting hook 5 is attached to a horizontal axis 19 which connects the two plates 17 and 18 in their lower part.

Entre les deux plaques 17 et 18 de la moufle de levage, est disposée une poulie 20, montée tournante sur un axe horizontal 21 qui relie les deux plaques 17 et 18.Between the two plates 17 and 18 of the lifting muffle is disposed a pulley 20, rotatably mounted on a horizontal axis 21 which connects the two plates 17 and 18.

Le carter de la moufle de levage 4 est muni, à sa partie inférieure, de deux pieds 22 et 23, fixés entre les deux plaques 17 et 18 de part et d'autre du crochet de levage 5.The casing of the lifting muffle 4 is provided at its lower part with two feet 22 and 23, fixed between the two plates 17 and 18 on either side of the lifting hook 5.

Dans sa partie supérieure, le carter de la moufle de levage 4 comporte des moyens d'attache de l'extrémité du câble de levage 3. Ces moyens sont ici constitués par deux trous 24 et 25, ménagés en correspondance dans les parties supérieures des deux plaques 17 et 18, et par un axe 26 pouvant être engagé, de façon amovible, dans les deux trous 24, 25 et dans la boîte à coin 16 de l'extrémité du câble de levage 3.In its upper part, the lifting muffle casing 4 comprises means for attaching the end of the lifting cable 3. These means here consist of two holes 24 and 25, formed in correspondence in the upper parts of the two plates 17 and 18, and by an axle 26 which can be engaged removably in the two holes 24, 25 and in the box. at the corner 16 of the end of the lifting cable 3.

Dans leur partie supérieure, les deux plaques 17 et 18 comportent encore d'autres trous respectifs 27 et 28, ménagés en correspondance et prévus pour recevoir un axe amovible 29, destiné à lier la moufle de levage 4 à la patte 11 lors des opérations de changement de mouflage.In their upper part, the two plates 17 and 18 further comprise other respective holes 27 and 28, formed in correspondence and provided to receive a removable pin 29, for connecting the lifting muffle 4 to the lug 11 during operations. change of hauling.

Entre les deux plaques 17 et 18, la moufle de levage 4 est équipée d'un guide incurvé 30, porté par un bras pivotant 31. Le guide incurvé 30 présente une gorge 32, adaptée à la grosseur du câble de levage 3. Le bras pivotant 31 est articulé autour d'un axe horizontal 33, situé sur l'un des côtés verticaux de la moufle 4. Ainsi, le guide incurvé 30 est déplaçable, par pivotement du bras 31 autour de l'axe 33, entre une position supérieure active, sensiblement tangente à la poulie 20 (voir figures 2 et 3), et une position inférieure escamotée (figure 1). Des moyens, du genre axe amovible ou goupille, sont prévus pour immobiliser de façon non permanente le guide incurvé 30 dans l'une ou l'autre des deux positions indiquées ci-dessus. Avantageusement, l'axe de pivotement horizontal 33 porte, à l'une de ses extrémités, une tige ou poignée de manoeuvre extérieure (non représentée), utilisable pour commander le passage du guide incurvé 30 de sa position active à sa position escamotée, et inversement.Between the two plates 17 and 18, the lifting muffle 4 is equipped with a curved guide 30, carried by a pivoting arm 31. The curved guide 30 has a groove 32, adapted to the size of the lifting cable 3. The arm pivoting 31 is articulated about a horizontal axis 33, located on one of the vertical sides of the muffle 4. Thus, the curved guide 30 is movable, by pivoting the arm 31 about the axis 33, between an upper position active, substantially tangent to the pulley 20 (see Figures 2 and 3), and a retracted lower position (Figure 1). Means, such as a removable axle or pin, are provided for non-permanently securing the curved guide 30 in either of the two positions indicated above. Advantageously, the horizontal pivot axis 33 carries, at one of its ends, an external operating rod or handle (not shown), which can be used to control the passage of the curved guide 30 from its active position to its retracted position, and Conversely.

Dans toutes les positions de mouflage, le câble de levage 3 passe autour de la partie inférieure de la poulie 20 de la moufle de levage 4. En position de mouflage à deux brins 3a, 3b (voir figure 1), la poulie 6 de la pointe de flèche 2 est décalée latéralement, et maintenue dans cette position décalée sur l'arbre 7 par le blocage en translation des deux joues 9 et 10, visibles sur la figure 2. La boîte à coin 16 de l'extrémité du câble de levage 3 est attachée à l'émerillon 15 porté par la chape 14 de la pointe de flèche 2. Le guide incurvé 30 est placé, et immobilisé, dans sa position inférieure escamotée, de sorte qu'il n'intervient pas. La position décalée de la poulie 6, et la position du point d'attache (émerillon 15) de l'extrémité du câble 3, sont alors telles que la moufle de levage 4 soit sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan médian vertical P de la flèche. En d'autres termes, les deux brins 3a et 3b formés par le câble de levage sont situés dans un même plan vertical, perpendiculaire au plan médian vertical P de la flèche. De plus, l'axe de levage, c'est-à-dire l'axe vertical du crochet 5, est contenu dans le plan médian vertical P de la flèche. On note aussi que le plan vertical transversal, contenant la moufle de levage 4, passe sensiblement par la traverse terminale 12 de la pointe de flèche 2, de sorte que la portée maximale de la grue n'est pas réduite (pour une longueur de flèche donnée).In all the hauling positions, the hoisting rope 3 passes around the lower part of the pulley 20 of the lifting block 4. In the two-line hauling position 3a, 3b (see FIG. 1), the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2 is shifted laterally, and maintained in this position shifted on the shaft 7 by locking in translation of the two cheeks 9 and 10, visible in Figure 2. The corner box 16 of the end of the lifting cable 3 is attached to the swivel 15 carried by the yoke 14 of the arrowhead 2. The curved guide 30 is placed and immobilized in its lower retracted position, so that it does not intervene. The shifted position of the pulley 6, and the position of the attachment point (swivel 15) of the end of the cable 3, are such that the lifting muffle 4 is substantially perpendicular to the vertical median plane P of the arrow. In other words, the two strands 3a and 3b formed by the hoisting cable are located in the same vertical plane, perpendicular to the vertical median plane P of the arrow. In addition, the lifting axis, that is to say, the vertical axis of the hook 5, is contained in the vertical median plane P of the arrow. It is also noted that the transverse vertical plane, containing the lifting block 4, passes substantially through the end cross-member 12 of the arrowhead 2, so that the maximum reach of the crane is not reduced (for an arrow length data).

En position de mouflage à brin unique 3c (figure 2), la poulie 6 de la pointe de flèche 2 est placée dans le plan médian vertical P de la flèche, et elle est maintenue dans cette position médiane sur l'arbre 7 par blocage en translation des deux joues 9 et 10. La boîte à coin 16 de l'extrémité du câble de levage 3 est attachée sur la moufle de levage 4, plus particulièrement sur l'axe 26 engagé dans les deux trous 24 et 25. Dans cette position, le guide incurvé 30 occupe sa position supérieure active, et il est immobilisé dans cette position. Ainsi, à l'endroit où il s'écarte de la poulie 20, le brin unique 3c du câble de levage 3 se trouve guidé vers le centre de la partie supérieure du carter 17, 18 de la moufle 4. Il en résulte qu'en position de mouflage à un seul brin 3c, la moufle de levage 4 est suspendue de façon symétrique et équilibrée, l'axe de levage se situant là encore dans la plan médian vertical P de la flèche, et au plus près de l'extrémité (traverse 12) de la pointe de flèche 2.In the single-stranded hauling position 3c (FIG. 2), the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2 is placed in the vertical median plane P of the arrow, and it is held in this median position on the shaft 7 by locking in translation of the two cheeks 9 and 10. The corner box 16 of the end of the lifting cable 3 is attached to the lifting block 4, more particularly on the axis 26 engaged in the two holes 24 and 25. In this position , the curved guide 30 occupies its upper active position, and it is immobilized in this position. Thus, at the point where it departs from the pulley 20, the single strand 3c of the lifting cable 3 is guided towards the center of the upper part of the casing 17, 18 of the muffle 4. As a result, in the single-haul position 3c, the lifting block 4 is suspended in a symmetrical and balanced manner, the lifting axis being located again in the vertical median plane P of the boom, and closer to the end (crossbar 12) of the arrowhead 2.

En se référant aussi à la figure 3, on expliquera maintenant le mode opératoire à suivre, pour le passage de la position de mouflage à deux brins 3a, 3b à la position de mouflage à un seul brin 3c.Referring also to FIG. 3, the following procedure will now be explained for the transition from the two-stranded haul position 3a, 3b to the one-stranded haul position 3c.

La flèche relevable de la grue concernée est d'abord amenée en position horizontale. La plate-forme de travail habituelle, non représentée, est amenée vers la pointe de flèche 2, pour permettre l'intervention d'un opérateur. Au poste de commande de la grue, on sélectionne la position « montage » de la grue, pour une mise hors service des limiteurs de course de la grue. La moufle de levage 4 est alors amenée dans sa position la plus haute, juste sous la traverse terminale 12 de la pointe de flèche 2, au-delà de la position maximale de limitation de course haute des crochets de levage 5.The lifting luff of the crane concerned is first brought into horizontal position. The usual working platform, not shown, is brought towards the arrowhead 2, to allow the intervention of an operator. At the control station of the crane, the position "mounting" of the crane is selected, for a decommissioning of the limiters of stroke of the crane. The lifting muffle 4 is then brought to its highest position, just below the end crossmember 12 of the jib 2, beyond the maximum position of limitation of high stroke of the lifting hooks 5.

Dans cette position haute, la moufle 4 est fixée temporairement sous la pointe de flèche 2, par engagement de l'axe 29 simultanément dans les deux trous 27 et 28 des plaques 17 et 18 de la moufle 4, et dans le trou 13 de la patte 11 solidaire de la traverse terminale 12 de la pointe de flèche 2.In this high position, the muffle 4 is fixed temporarily under the arrowhead 2, by engagement of the axis 29 simultaneously in the two holes 27 and 28 of the plates 17 and 18 of the muffle 4, and in the hole 13 of the lug 11 secured to the end cross 12 of the arrowhead 2.

On donne alors du « mou» au câble de levage 3, et on retire l'axe reliant encore la boîte à coin 16 à l'émerillon 15. L'extrémité du câble 3 devient ainsi libre. Cette extrémité est alors attachée sur le carter 17, 18 de la moufle 4, par engagement de l'axe 26 au travers des deux trous 24, 25 et de la boîte à coin 16.The lifting cable 3 is then given "slack", and the pin connecting the corner box 16 to the swivel 15 is removed. The end of the cable 3 thus becomes free. This end is then attached to the casing 17, 18 of the muffle 4, by engagement of the shaft 26 through the two holes 24, 25 and the corner box 16.

Ensuite, la poulie 6 de la pointe de flèche 2 est débloquée, et elle est déplacée sur son arbre 7, pour être positionnée dans le plan médian vertical P de la flèche. La poulie 6 est bloquée dans cette nouvelle position, médiane.Then, the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2 is unlocked, and it is moved on its shaft 7 to be positioned in the vertical median plane P of the arrow. The pulley 6 is locked in this new position, median.

Le guide incurvé 30 est amené dans sa position supérieure active, et il est verrouillé dans cette position, de manière à « centrer» le câble de levage engagé dans sa gorge 32. Ensuite, le câble 3 est tendu par actionnement du treuil de levage, jusqu'à soulager la liaison entre la moufle 4 et la patte 11. Cette liaison est alors supprimée, par retrait de l'axe 29.The curved guide 30 is brought into its active upper position, and it is locked in this position, so as to "center" the lifting cable engaged in its groove 32. Then, the cable 3 is stretched by actuation of the hoist winch, until relieving the connection between the muffle 4 and the lug 11. This connection is then removed by removing the axis 29.

La plate-forme de travail est enfin reculée et ramenée dans sa position de non-utilisation, et on sélectionne la position « travail» de la grue au poste de commande de celle-ci.The work platform is finally moved back to its non-use position, and the "work" position of the crane is selected at the control station thereof.

Le passage de la position de mouflage à un brin 3c à la position de mouflage à deux brins 3a, 3b s'effectue en procédant aux opérations précédemment décrites, mais dans l'ordre inverse, cet autre changement de mouflage étant toujours réalisé en fixant temporairement la moufle de levage 4 sous la pointe de flèche 2.The passage from the hauling position to a strand 3c at the two-strand haul position 3a, 3b is carried out by carrying out the operations described above, but in reverse order, this other change of hauling being always achieved by fixing temporarily the lifting block 4 under the arrowhead 2.

Selon une variante, illustrée sur la figure 3, la moufle de levage 4 comporte, dans sa partie supérieure, une contre-forme fixe 41 située en regard de la position supérieure active du guide incurvé 30. Ainsi, en position de mouflage à un brin 3c, le câble de levage 3 passe entre le guide incurvé 30 et la contre-forme 41, ce qui garantit son positionnement au centre de la partie supérieure du carter 17, 18 de la moufle 4.According to a variant, illustrated in FIG. 3, the lifting muffle 4 comprises, in its upper part, a fixed counter-form 41 situated opposite the active upper position of the curved guide 30. Thus, in the one-wire hauling position 3c, the lifting cable 3 passes between the curved guide 30 and the counter-form 41, which guarantees its positioning in the center of the upper part of the casing 17, 18 of the muffle 4.

La figure 4 montre une variante de la moufle de levage 4, dans laquelle le guide incurvé pivotant, précédemment décrit, est remplacé par un sabot 34 placé à l'intérieur du carter de la moufle 4, c'est-à-dire entre les deux plaques 17 et 18, au-dessus de la poulie 20. Le sabot 34 possède un côté incurvé, qui guide le câble de levage 3, placé sur ce côté, vers le centre de la partie supérieure de la moufle 4. Ce sabot 34 est immobilisé en position de manière non permanente dans le carter 17, 18 de la moufle, par exemple au moyen de deux axes 35 et 36.FIG. 4 shows a variant of the lifting muffle 4, in which the pivoting curved guide, previously described, is replaced by a shoe 34 placed inside the muffle casing 4, that is to say between the two plates 17 and 18, above the pulley 20. The shoe 34 has a curved side, which guides the hoisting rope 3, placed on this side, towards the center of the upper part of the muffle 4. This shoe 34 is immobilized in position non-permanently in the housing 17, 18 of the muffle, for example by means of two axes 35 and 36.

Une autre variante, concernant le montage de la poulie 6 de la pointe de flèche 2, est illustrée sur la figure 5. La poulie 6 est ici montée tournante, sur un axe 7, dans une boîte à poulie constituée de deux plaques verticales 37 et 38, parallèles entre elles et au plan médian vertical de la flèche. La boîte à poulie 37, 38 est montée coulissante selon la flèche 8 sur deux glissières horizontales 39 et 40, orientées transversalement à la flèche. Des moyens non représentés sont prévus pour bloquer la boîte à poulie 37, 38 soit dans une position médiane, pour le mouflage à brin unique, soit dans une position décalée latéralement, pour le mouflage à deux brins, la structure et le fonctionnement du dispositif du changement de mouflage n'étant pas modifiés pour le reste.Another variant, relating to the mounting of the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2, is illustrated in FIG. 5. The pulley 6 is here rotatably mounted, on an axis 7, in a pulley box consisting of two plates vertical lines 37 and 38, parallel to each other and to the vertical median plane of the arrow. The pulley box 37, 38 is slidably mounted along the arrow 8 on two horizontal rails 39 and 40, oriented transversely to the arrow. Unrepresented means are provided for locking the pulley box 37, 38 either in a middle position, for single-stranded hauling, or in a laterally offset position, for two-strand hauling, the structure and operation of the change of hawking not being modified for the rest.

La figure 6 illustre encore une autre variante du montage de la poulie 6 de la pointe de flèche 2. La poulie 6 est ici solidaire de son arbre horizontal 7, lequel est monté à la fois tournant et mobile en translation (flèche 8) dans des paliers 41 et 42. Ainsi, c'est ici l'ensemble constitué par la poulie 6 et par son arbre 7 qui est déplacé transversalement, pour passer de la position de mouflage à brin unique 3c, avec la poulie 6 en position médiane, à la position de mouflage à deux brins 3a, 3b, avec la même poulie 6 décalée latéralement.FIG. 6 illustrates yet another variant of the assembly of the pulley 6 of the arrowhead 2. The pulley 6 is here integral with its horizontal shaft 7, which is mounted both rotating and movable in translation (arrow 8) in bearings 41 and 42. Thus, it is here the assembly consisting of the pulley 6 and its shaft 7 which is moved transversely, to move from the single-strand haul position 3c, with the pulley 6 in the middle position, to the two-strand haul position 3a, 3b, with the same pulley 6 shifted laterally.

Enfin, la figure 7 illustre une solution alternative dans laquelle, sur la pointe de flèche 2, la poulie 6 unique, et mobile transversalement, des formes de réalisation précédentes est remplacée par deux poulies coaxiales 6a et 6b, montées sur le même arbre horizontal 7 orienté transversalement à la flèche. La première poulie 6a est située en position centrale, c'est-à-dire dans le plan médian vertical de la flèche, et elle est utilisée pour le mouflage à brin unique. La seconde poulie 6b est située en position latérale, donc décalée par rapport au plan médian vertical de la flèche, et elle est utilisée pour le mouflage à deux brins. Le passage du mouflage à un brin au mouflage à deux brins, ou inversement, est effectué en faisant passer le câble de levage de la poulie 6a à la poulie 6b, ou de la poulie 6b à la poulie 6a. L'opération est réalisée manuellement, lorsque la moufle 4 est fixée temporairement sous la pointe de flèche 2 (comme décrit précédemment).Finally, FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative solution in which, on the arrowhead 2, the single pulley 6, which is transversally movable, of the preceding embodiments is replaced by two coaxial pulleys 6a and 6b, mounted on the same horizontal shaft 7. oriented transversely to the arrow. The first pulley 6a is centrally located, i.e. in the vertical median plane of the boom, and is used for single-strand haul. The second pulley 6b is located in a lateral position, thus offset from the vertical median plane of the boom, and is used for two-strand hauling. The passage from one-strand to two-stranded haulage, or vice versa, is performed by passing the hoisting rope from the pulley 6a to the pulley 6b, or from the pulley 6b to the pulley 6a. The operation is performed manually, when the muffle 4 is temporarily fixed under the arrowhead 2 (as described above).

Le dispositif de changement de mouflage, objet de l'invention, est notamment applicable à des grues à flèche relevable sans chariot, de hauteur importante, et travaillant à des vitesses de levage élevées.The device for changing the hauling, object of the invention, is particularly applicable to luffing jib cranes without trolley, high height, and working at high lifting speeds.

L'on ne s'éloignerait pas du cadre de l'invention, telle que définie dans les revendications annexées :

  • en modifiant les détails de forme, tels que ceux du carter de la moufle de levage ;
  • en réalisant de façon différente le système de décalage latéral de la poulie de la pointe de flèche ;
  • en remplaçant le guide incurvé pivotant, ou le sabot de la moufle de levage, pour tous moyens de guidage équivalents pour le câble de levage ;
  • en remplaçant la patte de fixation temporaire de la moufle de levage sous le pointe de flèche par une courte élingue.
One would not depart from the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims:
  • by modifying the shape details, such as those of the lifting muffle casing;
  • by differently realizing the side shift system of the pulley of the arrowhead;
  • replacing the curved curved guide, or the shoe of the lifting block, for any equivalent guide means for the hoisting rope;
  • by replacing the temporary fastening lug under the boom point with a short sling.

Claims (14)

  1. Crane jib, particularly jib for a luffing crane, with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks, said device allowing the rigging of the blocks of the lifting cable (3) to be changed between a rigging arrangement with one strand (3c) and a rigging arrangement with two strands (3a, 3b), and vice versa, the jib comprising, in combination:
    - on the jib tip (2), a single pulley (16) mounted on a horizontal axle (7) oriented transversely to the jib, the pulley (6) being moveable along this axle (7) between a central position, situated more or less in the vertical midplane (P) of the jib, for the rigging arrangement with one strand (3c), and a lateral position for the rigging arrangement with two strands (3a, 3b), the jib tip (2) also comprising, for the rigging arrangement with two strands (3a, 3b), a point of attachment (14, 15) of the end (16) of the lifting cable (3), this point of attachment (14, 15) being situated, with respect to the vertical midplane (P) of the jib, on the opposite side to the aforesaid lateral position of the pulley (6);
    - a lifting block (4) with housing (17, 18) of symmetric overall shape, housing a pulley (20) of horizontal axis (21), the block being equipped with means of attachment (24, 25, 26) of the end (16) of the lifting cable (3), for the rigging arrangement with one strand (3c), and also with guide means (30 to 33; 34 to 36) for the lifting cable (3), guiding this cable (3) toward the center of the upper part of the housing (17, 18) of the block (4), for the rigging arrangement with one strand (3c), the arrangement being such that in the rigging arrangement with two strands (3a, 3b), the block (4) is situated more or less in a vertical plane perpendicular to the vertical midplane (P) of the jib.
  2. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lateral offset of the pulley (6) of the jib tip (2), in the rigging arrangement with two strands (3a, 3b), is more or less equal to the horizontal distance between the point of attachment (14, 15) provided on the jib tip (2) and the vertical midplane (P) of the jib, so that in the rigging arrangement with two strands (3a, 3b), the lifting hook (5) also lies in the vertical midplane (P) of the jib.
  3. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pulley (6) of the jib tip (2) is mounted in a pulley box consisting in particular of two vertical plates (37, 38) parallel to the vertical midplane (P) of the jib, said pulley box (37, 38) being mounted to slide on at least two horizontal slideways (39, 40) oriented transversely to the jib, means being provided for immobilizing the pulley box (37, 38), therefore for positioning the pulley (6), either in a central position when the blocks are rigged with a single strand (3c), or in a lateral position when the blocks are rigged with two strands (3a, 3b).
  4. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pulley (6) of the jib tip (2) is mounted so that it can be moved in translation on a horizontal shaft (7) oriented transversely to the jib, the pulley (6) being placed between two endplates (9, 10) mounted around the aforesaid shaft (7) and designed to be immobilized in terms of translation along this shaft (7), for example using pins, in chosen axial positions which keep the pulley (6) either in a central position, when rigged with one strand (3c), or in a lateral position, when rigged with two strands (3a, 3b).
  5. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pulley (6) of the jib tip (2) is secured to a horizontal shaft (7) oriented transversely to the jib (2), the shaft (7) being moveable in translation in its bearings (41, 42) so that the entity consisting of the pulley (6) and its shaft (7) is moveable transversely to switch from the position in which the blocks are rigged with one strand (3c), with the pulley (6) in a central position, to the position in which the blocks are rigged with two strands (3a, 3b), with the pulley (6) offset laterally, or vice versa.
  6. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, on the jip tip (2), the single pulley (6) moveable transversely is replaced by two coaxial pulleys (6a, 6b) particularly mounted on one and the same horizontal shaft (7) oriented transversely to the jib, with a first pulley (6a) situated in a central position, more or less in the vertical midplane (P) of the jib, for when the blocks are rigged with one strand (3c), and with a second pulley (6b) situated in a lateral position, offset from the vertical midplane (P) of the jib, for when the blocks are rigged with two strands (3a, 3b), the switch from the blocks being rigged with one strand (3c) to the blocks being rigged with two strands (3a, 3b), or vice versa, being performed by moving the lifting cable (3) from the first pulley (6a) to the second pulley (6b), or vice versa.
  7. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises means (11, 13, 27, 28, 29) for temporarily fixing the lifting block (4) under the jib tip (2), these means being used during operations of changing the rigging of the blocks.
  8. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that said temporary fixing means are produced in the form of a single or double lug (11) secured to the framework (12) of the jib tip (2) and pointing downward, said lug (11) being designed to have passing through it, at its lower part, a removable axle (29) for connection with the upper part of the housing (17, 18) of the lifting block (4), raised into its highest position.
  9. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks of a crane as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, on the lifting block (4), the guide means for the lifting cable (3) consist of a curved guide (30) borne by an arm (31) mounted to pivot in the housing (17, 18) of the block (4), the guide (30) thus being moveable between an active raised position more or less tangential to the pulley (20) of the block (4) and guiding the cable toward the center et the upper part of the housing (17, 18) of the block (4), when the blocks are rigged with one strand (3c), and a retracted lowered position when the blocks are rigged with two strands (3a, 3b), means being provided for the non-permanent immobilization of said guide (30) in one or other of its two positions.
  10. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the curved guide (30) borne by the pivoting arm (31) has a groove (32) tailored to the thickness of the lifting cable (3).
  11. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the horizontal axle (33) about which the arm (31) pivots bears, at one of its ends, an external operating rod or handle that can be used to cause the curved guide (30) to move from its active position to its retracted position and vice versa.
  12. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the lifting block (4) comprises, in its upper part, a stationary mating shape (41) situated facing the active raised position of the curved guide (30) so that in the position where the blocks are rigged with one strand (3c), the lifting cable (3) passes between the curved guide (31) and the mating shape (41).
  13. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, on the lifting block (4), the guide means for the lifting cable (3) consist of a shoe (34) sitting inside the housing (17, 18) of the lifting block, above the pulley (20) of the block (4), the shoe (34) having a curved side guiding the cable (3), placed on this side, toward the center of the upper part of the housing (17, 18) of the block, means (35, 36) being provided for the non permanent fixing of said shoe (34) in the housing (17, 18) of the block (4).
  14. A crane jib with a device for changing the rigging of the pulley blocks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the housing (17, 18) of the lifting block (4) is equipped, at its lower part, with legs (22, 23) so that it can be set down on the ground, particularly for maintenance operations.
EP03356077A 2002-06-04 2003-05-13 Device for changing the reeving arrangement for a crane Expired - Lifetime EP1369374B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0206869A FR2840292B1 (en) 2002-06-04 2002-06-04 MOLDING CHANGING DEVICE FOR CRANE
FR0206869 2002-06-04

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EP1369374A1 EP1369374A1 (en) 2003-12-10
EP1369374B1 true EP1369374B1 (en) 2008-01-09

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US (1) US6908074B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1369374B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004010354A (en)
KR (1) KR100955692B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60318518T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2298486T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2840292B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2305062C2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60318518T2 (en) 2009-01-08
JP2004010354A (en) 2004-01-15
KR20030093978A (en) 2003-12-11
RU2305062C2 (en) 2007-08-27
DE60318518D1 (en) 2008-02-21
FR2840292A1 (en) 2003-12-05
US20030227186A1 (en) 2003-12-11
ES2298486T3 (en) 2008-05-16
KR100955692B1 (en) 2010-05-03
US6908074B2 (en) 2005-06-21
EP1369374A1 (en) 2003-12-10
FR2840292B1 (en) 2004-12-24

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