EP1351877B1 - Lifting device - Google Patents

Lifting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1351877B1
EP1351877B1 EP01984886A EP01984886A EP1351877B1 EP 1351877 B1 EP1351877 B1 EP 1351877B1 EP 01984886 A EP01984886 A EP 01984886A EP 01984886 A EP01984886 A EP 01984886A EP 1351877 B1 EP1351877 B1 EP 1351877B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting apparatus
slide
spar
roller
push
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01984886A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1351877A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Geis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10101986A external-priority patent/DE10101986B4/en
Priority claimed from DE2001119273 external-priority patent/DE10119273B4/en
Priority claimed from DE2001140449 external-priority patent/DE10140449B4/en
Application filed by Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH filed Critical Kgw Forder- und Servicetechnik GmbH
Publication of EP1351877A1 publication Critical patent/EP1351877A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1351877B1 publication Critical patent/EP1351877B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/101—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
    • B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such lifting devices are used to transport containers and are used in particular in port facilities.
  • These lifting devices have a stationary main frame in which two displacement carriers are guided.
  • the displacement carriers each open out at an outlet opening at a longitudinal end of the main frame and are displaceable in its longitudinal direction.
  • the sliding carrier At the free longitudinal ends of the sliding carrier are receptacles for coupling to the respective container.
  • a recording forming a locking pin At the two laterally above the sliding support protruding ends of the head support is in each case a recording forming a locking pin. These locking pins are used to attach the lifting device to the container.
  • Eckeinweiser are provided which serve to position the lifting device on the container.
  • the corner guards are located in the immediate vicinity of the locking pins.
  • the sliding supports are driven by means of hydraulic drives to carry out the displacement movements in the main frame.
  • a hydraulic drive comprises at least one hydraulic motor with a hydraulic pump.
  • the power transmission from the hydraulic motor to a displacement support by means of steel link chains.
  • a lubricating cushion made of grease is provided between the walls of the main frame and the sliding support to reduce the sliding friction between the abutting surfaces.
  • the recordings are also driven by hydraulic drives.
  • the corner guides can optionally also be rigidly connected to the respective head carrier.
  • a disadvantage of such lifting devices is on the one hand, the high energy requirements for the drive of the moving units, in particular the displacement carrier. This is due in particular to the fact that the hydraulic drives continuously energy must be supplied, even if no movement of the corresponding units takes place.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a lifting device of the type mentioned, which can be operated with low energy and maintenance.
  • the displacement carrier guided in the main frame and the receptacles for coupling the lifting device are driven to a container by means of at least one electric drive.
  • the displacement support in the main frame of carbon fiber composites.
  • a significant advantage of this lifting device is that can be completely dispensed with the use of electric drives on hydraulic drives. This avoids the risk of leaks, which can occur in hydraulic systems. Accordingly, soiling of the lifting device and the container are significantly reduced. In addition, the electric drives are virtually maintenance-free and also allow a very accurate positioning of the connected units.
  • the energy saving is further increased by the fact that the displacement carrier are guided via roller bearings in the main frame.
  • the interfaces between the main frame and the sliding supports are thus no longer directly adjacent to each other but are guided free of friction on the roller bearing.
  • the electric drive for carrying out the displacement movement of a displacement carrier comprises an electric drive, which drives a toothed belt.
  • the toothed belt is engaged with a power supply rod on the respective displacement carrier.
  • displacement carrier consist at least partially of carbon fiber composite materials.
  • the roller bearing consists of spring-mounted rollers.
  • the spring system provides efficient shock absorption, particularly when the lifter is placed on the container, and thus also a significant reduction in the level of noise. This effect is exacerbated by the fact that arranged at the free ends of the slide carrier head carrier, on which the recordings are arranged for coupling to the container, are glued to the sliding support. As adhesives for this purpose preferably shock-absorbing Vulkollantiken be used.
  • An extension of the lifting device according to the invention provides for the use of linear motors as drives for the displacement carrier.
  • linear actuators no moving parts are needed to meet the requirements of to transmit the force generated by the drive to the displacement carrier for carrying out the displacement movement.
  • the linear drives work completely wear-free and maintenance-free.
  • the operation of the invention Lifting device environmentally friendly, especially because no leaks can occur on the linear drives.
  • all components of the linear drives are stationary attachable to the lifter.
  • the primary part of a linear drive is stationarily arranged on the main frame of the lifting device, the secondary part of the linear drive is also arranged stationary on the respective displacement carrier.
  • the cable feeds to the components of the linear drives can be installed stationary.
  • the linear drives can thus be mounted on the lifting device in a simple and cost-effective manner.
  • the displacement of the lifting device each consist of two bars, which are conveniently performed in separate insertion chambers of the main frame.
  • each rail of a displacement support is associated with a linear drive.
  • a secondary part is provided in the form of a metallic rail extending in its longitudinal direction.
  • the primary part of the respective linear drive is arranged in or on the insertion chamber associated with the spar.
  • the lifter thus formed is extremely inexpensive to produce.
  • linear actuators a narrow design of the lifting device can be achieved, whereby good visibility is obtained on the lifter. This in turn leads to increased safety in the operation of the lifting device.
  • An extension of the lifting device according to the invention provides for the use of drum motors as drives for the displacement carrier.
  • drum motors Through the use of drum motors, an exact positioning of the sliding support is made possible. In this case, the energy required to process the displacement carrier extremely low. In addition, the drum motors can be operated almost wear-free.
  • friction coatings are applied to the lateral surfaces of the drums of the drum motors, which consist for example of a wear-resistant rubber material or of a glass fiber-containing plastic material.
  • the drums of the drum motors consist for example of a wear-resistant rubber material or of a glass fiber-containing plastic material.
  • the friction linings and friction linings are made wear-resistant and, in particular, resistant to abrasion, so that the friction effect between the linings is long-term stable.
  • the walls of the sliding support are at least partially formed in the form of truss structures and thus have a particularly high stability with low weight on.
  • this framework construction consists of glass fiber materials, carbon composites and / or hybrid sandwich constructions of several layers of the aforementioned materials. Due to this design, the stability and weight of a sliding support can be further optimized.
  • the displacement support can be optimally optimized with regard to occurring tensile and compressive stresses that under tensile load standing elements of the sliding support predominantly made of glass fiber materials, while under pressure loads standing elements of the displacement support consist mainly of carbon fiber composites.
  • suspensions in the form of spring leaves are provided for the rollers of the roller bearings.
  • This type of cushion absorbs occurring loads, especially shock loads, efficiently and also protects the rollers against damage.
  • FIGS. 1 - 8 show embodiments of the lifting device which in the DE 101 01 986 originally disclosed.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a lifting device 1 for transporting a container, not shown.
  • the lifting device 1 has a main frame 2, in which two displacement carrier 3 are guided.
  • the main frame 2 is made of steel and has a substantially cuboid outer contour. At the longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 openings are provided, in which the displacement carrier 3 are inserted.
  • the displacement carrier 3 open at opposite longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 and are arranged to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2.
  • the displacement carrier 3 consist of carbon fiber composite materials and have a substantially identical structure. In this case, each shift carrier 3 two extending in the longitudinal direction of the spars 4.
  • the spars 4 extend at a distance parallel to each other and each have a rectangular cross-section.
  • FIG. 2 it can be seen that the heights of the spars 4 correspond substantially to the height of the main frame 2.
  • FIG. 1 it can be seen that the spars 4 of the first displacement support 3 are laterally offset from the spars 4 of the second displacement support 3, so that they can be pushed past each other within the main frame 2.
  • a head support 6 is arranged in each case, wherein both the spars 4 and the energy supply rod 5 of the displacement support 3 are guided on the head support 6.
  • the longitudinal axis of the head support 6 extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding displacement support 3.
  • recordings are provided for coupling to the container.
  • the recordings are formed on the one hand by locking pin 7.
  • a head carrier 6 At each end of a head carrier 6, such a locking pin 7 is arranged in a housing 8.
  • the locking pin 7 are used to attach the lifting device 1 on the container, this being in corresponding recesses 42? grip the container and are fixed there, so that by means of the lifting device 1, the container can be lifted.
  • an electric motor 10 is provided for each shift carrier 3 as an electric drive, which drives a toothed belt 11.
  • Each toothed belt 11 runs in a roll-guided manner in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2 and is in engagement with the energy supply rod 5 of the respective displacement support 3.
  • the movement of the toothed belt 11 is transmitted to the energy supply rod 5, whereby the displacement support 3 is displaced.
  • FIG. 3 how out FIG. 3 the spars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 are shown in separate insertion chambers 12, 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • the spars 4 of the first sliding support 3, the front in FIG. 3 is shown extending into two first insertion chambers 12, which are arranged on two opposite side walls of the main chamber.
  • the energy supply rods 5 of Displacement carrier 3 are guided in holes 13 of a cross member 14 of the main frame 2, of which a in FIG. 3 is shown.
  • the displacement carrier 3 are guided over roller bearings in the individual insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the roller bearings comprise a plurality of rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 which are arranged on the individual bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 and on the respective insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 are made of polypropylene, rigid foam or metal and are preferably spring-mounted.
  • the arrangements of the rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 are identical for all insertion chambers 12, 12 'and guided therein spars 4.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the arrangement of a first, second and a third roller 15, 16, 17 for guiding a spar 4 in a slide-in chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the first roller 15 and the second roller 16 are arranged on the back of the spar 4.
  • the first roller 15 is arranged on the upper side of the spar 4 so that it protrudes slightly beyond the flat upper side and rolls on the facing inner wall of the spar 4.
  • the second roller 16 is correspondingly arranged on the underside of the spar 4.
  • a third roller 17 is mounted so that it rolls on the underside of the spar 4.
  • the first buffer plate 19 is opposite to the third roller 17, the second buffer plate 19 'is close to the first roller 15.
  • the buffer plates 19, 19' project from the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', with their heights to the overall height and installation position the first roller 15 are adapted so that this on the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 'can roll.
  • the buffer plates 19, 19 ' prevent jamming of the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, 12, in particular during the displacement movement of the spar 4 and when lifting the container.
  • rollers 15, 16, 17 each have in the horizontal direction and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the sliding support 3 extending axes of rotation.
  • the rollers 15, 16, 17 extend almost over the entire width of the spar 4.
  • the bearing of the rollers 15, 16, 17 is in FIG. 3 shown in detail.
  • the first and second rollers 15, 16 on the back of the spars 4 of the shift carrier 3 each sit on a roller block 20 at the bottom and top of the spar 4.
  • the rollers 15, 16 are in each case fastened by means of a holder 21 on the roller block 20, so that a small distance between the respective roller 15, 16 and the roller block 20 remains.
  • Each roller block 20 is in turn mounted on a spring 22, wherein the springs 22 rest on a common support plate 23.
  • the springs 22 are preferably formed by helical compression springs or silent blocks.
  • the third roller 17 is spring-mounted.
  • the third roller 17 is located at the outlet of the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein the roller 17 is mounted on the underside of the insertion chamber 12, 12', so that it protrudes slightly above the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 'upwards.
  • the third roller 17 sits on a spring buffer 24 made of plastic.
  • the undersides of the insertion chambers 12, 12 'and the spring buffer 24 preferably have slots, not shown, through which dirt and water from the respective insertion chamber 12, 12' can escape.
  • the spars 4 of the displacement support 3 are guided at their upper and lower sides in the respective insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • rollers 18 are provided, which as in FIG. 3 shown protruding from the side walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '. These rollers 18 may be resiliently mounted.
  • FIG. 5 shows the free end of a sliding support 3, to which a head support 6 is attached.
  • the head support 6 is glued to the sliding support 3.
  • As the adhesive a special adhesive is used, which has a strong shock absorbing effect.
  • a plastic layer or the like 25 is located between the front side of the sliding support 3 and the inside of the head support 6.
  • At the bottom of the head support 6 is a receiving part for a in FIG. 5
  • On the upper side of the receiving part is a shoulder 26, which is at a distance from the bottom of the slide carrier 3.
  • a further plastic layer or the like 27 is introduced, which serves as a buffer for cushioning shock loads when placing the head support 6 on the container.
  • plastic bearings 28 are provided on the sliding support 3.
  • a downwardly projecting projection 29 is provided, which in a recess 42? on the shift carrier 3 engages.
  • the head support 6 can be mechanically fixed to the displacement carrier 3.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows an electric drive for positioning two arranged on a head support 6 locking pin 7.
  • the electric drive comprises an electric motor 30 and two head support push rods 31, of which one is guided to a locking pin 7.
  • the head carrier push rods 31 are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • FIG. 7 Such coupled to a head support push rod 31 locking pin 7 is in FIG. 7 shown in detail.
  • the horizontally extending head carrier push rod 31 is guided via a bearing 32 on the locking pin 7, whose longitudinal axis extends in the vertical direction.
  • the electric motor 30 can be driven via the head carrier push rod 31 and the bearing 32 of the locking pin 7 and placed in a rotary motion to this in a recess 42? to fix a container.
  • a buffer 35 is provided between a vertically extending holder 33 and a hard steel plate 34 on the side of the locking pin 7.
  • the buffer 35 consists of a sandwich structure of steel and plastic plates.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a pivotally mounted on the head support 6 and electrically driven Eckeinweisers 9.
  • the corner Einweiser 9 is formed scoop-shaped.
  • To carry out the pivoting movement of the corner guide 9 is coupled to a planetary gear 36 or worm gear.
  • a rotary magnet may be provided instead of the planetary gear 36.
  • the corner guides 9 can also be arranged rigidly on the respective head carrier 6.
  • FIGS. 9-11 show embodiments of the lifting device 1 which in the DE 101 19 273 originally disclosed.
  • FIG. 9 schematically, a lifting device 1 is shown, which has a substantially identical structure with the lifting device 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2
  • the lifting device 1 again has two displacement carriers 3 which are displaceably mounted on a main frame 2, wherein the displacement carriers 3 each have two spars 4 extending parallel to one another.
  • Each spar 4 is guided in a separate insertion chamber 12, 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • Each displacement support 3 in turn has a running between the bars 4 energy supply rod 5.
  • the head support 6 connects, the longitudinal axis of which is transverse to the longitudinal axes of the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3.
  • the housing 8 At the ends of the head support 6 are the housing 8 with the locking pin 7 and the corner Einweiser 9th
  • each linear drive 37 has a primary part 38 and a secondary part 39. How out FIG. 9 it can be seen for each spar 4 of the displacement support 3, a separate linear drive 37 is provided.
  • the primary part 38 of a linear drive 37 is stationarily mounted on the respective insertion chamber 12, 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • the secondary part 39 of the respective linear drive 37 is mounted on the in the relevant insertion chamber 12, 12 'extending spar 4.
  • the primary part 38 has means for generating a traveling magnetic field.
  • the secondary part 39 consists of a metallic rail, in particular an aluminum rail. This rail extends in the longitudinal direction of the spar 4 and preferably extends over its entire length.
  • the secondary part 39 is mounted on the spar 4 in such a way that it lies at a constant predetermined distance from the primary part 38 of the respective linear drive 37.
  • the roller bearings which ensure that the distance between primary part 38 and secondary part 39 remains constant for any desired displacement positions of the respective displacement carrier 3, serve this purpose.
  • each shift carrier 3 is associated with a locking device.
  • Each locking device is formed by a brake 40, in the present case of a shoe brake.
  • Each brake 40 acts on the energy supply rod 5 of the respective displacement support. 3
  • the energy supply rod 5 of a displacement support 3 runs between the uprights 4 of the respective displacement support 3 and is guided with its front end onto the head support 6.
  • the transversely extending to the longitudinal axes of the sliding support 3 cross member 14 is provided, which has recordings for guiding the energy supply rods 5 of both displacement carrier 3.
  • these recordings are the jaw brakes, wherein the brake shoes of the brakes 40 are pressed to lock the shift carrier 3 on the lateral surface of the energy supply rods 5.
  • a spiral cable 41 for supplying power to the electrical units into the head carrier 6 leads from the cross member 14 via the energy supply rods 5.
  • FIG. 10 shows a first arrangement of linear actuators 37 on the bars 4 of the sliding support 3 of the lifting device 1.
  • the spars 4 of the displacement support 3, which in the present case made of steel, are box-shaped and have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the cross sections of the interiors of the insertion chambers 12, 12 ' are adapted to the cross sections of the guided therein spars 4, so that the spars 4 are guided with little play in the respective insertion chambers 12, 12'.
  • the spars 4 are by means of the roller bearings according to the in the Figures 1 - 8 described embodiments, thereby ensuring that the outer walls the bars 4 are each guided at constant intervals to the inner walls of the associated insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the primary parts 38 of the linear drives 37 are each inserted into a recess 42 of the corresponding insertion chamber 12, 12 ', so that the flat surface of the primary part 38 is flush with the surface of the adjoining inner wall of the respective insertion chamber 12, 12'.
  • the secondary parts 39 of the linear drives 37 are each formed by metallic rails, which is attached to the primary part 38 facing side wall of a spar 4.
  • the surface of such a rail is flush with the surface of the adjacent side wall of the spar 4.
  • the heights of the primary parts 38 and the opposing secondaries 39 are preferably identical.
  • FIG. 11 shows a second arrangement of linear actuators 37 to the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 of the lifting device 1.
  • the insertion chambers 12, 12 ' have, in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 10 again a rectangular cross section.
  • the cavities of the insertion chambers 12, 12 ', in which the spars 4 are guided have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the spars 4 of the displacement carrier 3, which consist in the present case of carbon fiber composites, have an H-shaped cross-section.
  • Each spar 4 consists of a support element 4a and two guide elements 4b, which each have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the support member 4a extends almost over the entire height of the cavity of the respective insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein its width is considerably smaller than the width of the insertion chamber 12, 12'.
  • the flat side walls of the support elements 4a are thus at a distance from the side walls of the corresponding insertion chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the side walls of the support element extend 4a in vertical planes parallel to the side walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • On the upper and lower edge of the support member 4a is in each case a guide element 4b, which lies in a horizontal plane and protrudes in a symmetrical manner over the side walls of the support member 4a.
  • the upper side and the side surfaces of the upper guide element 4b are at a small, constant distance from the inner walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '.
  • the underside and the side surfaces of the lower guide element 4b are at a small, constant distance from the inner walls of the insertion chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the guide elements 4b are used to guide the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein for this purpose the roller bearings are provided which in the embodiments according to the Figures 1-8 are described.
  • the primary parts 38 of the linear drives 37 are each attached to the inside of a side wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 '.
  • the trained as metallic rails secondary parts 39 of the linear actuators 37 are each attached to the primary part 38 facing side surface of the support member 4 a of the respective spar 4.
  • roller spacers 43 are provided, which are part of the roller bearings.
  • the roller spacers 43 have retaining clips fastened to the primary parts 38, on the underside of which rollers are mounted which roll on the side wall of the carrier element 4a.
  • FIGS. 12-15 show embodiments of the lifting device 1 according to the invention, which in the DE 10140 449 originally disclosed.
  • the Figures 12 and 13 show a lifting device 1, whose structure essentially the structure of the lifting device 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2
  • the lifting device 1 in turn in turn has two displaceable on a main frame 2 mounted shift carrier 3, wherein the displacement support 3 each have two parallel spars 4.
  • Each spar 4 is guided in a separate insertion chamber 12 or 12 'of the main frame 2.
  • Each displacement support 3 in turn has a running between the bars 4, forming a push rod energy supply rod 5.
  • the head support 6 connects, the longitudinal axis of which is transverse to the longitudinal axes of the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3.
  • the housing 8 At the ends of the head support 6 are the housing 8 with the locking pin 7 and the corner nothers 9 not shown separately.
  • drum motors 44 are provided, each motor having an electrically driven, substantially cylindrical drum 45.
  • Each drum 45 is mounted on a drive shaft 46.
  • the drum motors 44 are arranged on both sides of the energy supply rod 5 opposite.
  • the energy supply rod 5 has a rectangular cross section.
  • the drum 45 of the first drum motor 44 rests on the upper side, the drum 45 of the second drum motor 44 on the underside of the energy supply rod 5.
  • the drums 45 are pressed against the energy supply rod 5 with a predetermined spring tension generated by a spring, not shown.
  • the drums 45 of the drum motors 44 rotate in opposite directions and roll on the surfaces of the power supply rod 5, so that is displaced by the rotational movement of the drums 45 of the slide carrier 3 in the longitudinal direction.
  • an unillustrated friction lining is applied to the lateral surfaces of the drums 45.
  • the friction lining consists of a wear-resistant rubber material or a glass fiber-containing plastic casting material.
  • FIG. 14 shows a guided in the main frame 2 of the lifting device 1 sliding support 3, the side walls are formed in the form of truss structures consisting of horizontally, vertically and obliquely extending struts 47.
  • this displacement carrier 3 By lying between the braces 47 cavities, this displacement carrier 3 has a particularly low weight.
  • the struts 47 according to FIG. 14 Nevertheless, a high stability is achieved.
  • the displacement carrier 3 or at least partially made of glass fiber materials or carbon fiber composite materials.
  • Particularly preferred are under tensile load standing elements of the sliding support 3 made of fiberglass materials, while under pressure loading elements of the sliding support 3 consist of carbon fiber composites. As a result, a particularly high stability and load capacity of the sliding support 3 is achieved.
  • the displacement support 3 is manufactured in a hybrid sandwich construction.
  • the elements of the displacement support 3 consist of several layers of glass fiber materials or carbon fiber composite materials.
  • FIG. 15 shows a section of a spar 4 of a displacement support 3, which is guided in a slide-in chamber 12 of the main frame 2.
  • a roller bearing for guiding the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12th
  • the roller bearing comprises roller blocks 15, 16, 17, 18 mounted in roller blocks 48, wherein a roller 16 mounted in a roller block 48 in FIG FIG. 15 is shown.
  • the roller 16 is slidably mounted in the roller block 48 in the vertical direction.
  • the underside of the spar 4 of the displacement support 3 is seated on the roller 16.
  • the roller 16 is associated with a suspension consisting essentially of a spring leaf 49 which is laterally mounted in spring holders 50.
  • the spring leaf 49 is preferably made of steel and extends in the horizontal direction.
  • the spring holder 50 extend in the vertical direction and project from the bottom of the insertion chamber 12 down.
  • a cap 51 is provided, which lies close to the roller 16.
  • a flat support element 52 is provided in each case.
  • the support elements 52 are arranged opposite each other, wherein the lower support element 52 is located in the region of the roller bearing.
  • the support elements 52 serve to better guide the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, wherein the surfaces of the bars 4 rest on the support elements.
  • the support elements 52 are preferably made of plastic, in particular polyethylene.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hebegerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a lifting device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Hebegeräte dienen zum Transport von Containern und werden insbesondere in Hafenanlagen eingesetzt.Such lifting devices are used to transport containers and are used in particular in port facilities.

Diese als Spreader bezeichneten Hebegeräte weisen einen stationären Hauptrahmen auf, in welchem zwei Verschiebeträger geführt sind. Die Verschiebeträger münden jeweils an einer Austrittsöffnung an einem längsseitigen Ende des Hauptrahmens aus und sind in dessen Längsrichtung verschiebbar.These lifting devices, referred to as spreaders, have a stationary main frame in which two displacement carriers are guided. The displacement carriers each open out at an outlet opening at a longitudinal end of the main frame and are displaceable in its longitudinal direction.

An den freien längsseitigen Enden der Verschiebeträger befinden sich Aufnahmen zur Ankopplung an den jeweiligen Container. Dabei befindet sich an den freien Enden des Verschiebeträgers jeweils ein Kopfträger. An den beiden seitlich über den Verschiebeträger hervorstehenden Enden des Kopfträgers befindet sich jeweils ein eine Aufnahme bildender Verriegelungszapfen. Diese Verriegelungszapfen dienen zur Befestigung des Hebegeräts an dem Container.At the free longitudinal ends of the sliding carrier are receptacles for coupling to the respective container. In each case, there is a head carrier at the free ends of the sliding support. At the two laterally above the sliding support protruding ends of the head support is in each case a recording forming a locking pin. These locking pins are used to attach the lifting device to the container.

Als weitere Aufnahme sind Eckeinweiser vorgesehen, welche zur Positionierung des Hebegeräts an dem Container dienen. Die Eckeinweiser befinden sich in unmittelbarer Nähe der Verriegelungszapfen.As a further inclusion Eckeinweiser are provided which serve to position the lifting device on the container. The corner guards are located in the immediate vicinity of the locking pins.

Bei bekannten Hebegeräten werden zur Durchführung der Verschiebebewegungen im Hauptrahmen die Verschiebeträger mittels hydraulischen Antrieben angetrieben. Ein derartiger hydraulischer Antrieb umfasst wenigstens einen Hydraulikmotor mit einer Hydraulikpumpe. Die Kraftübertragung von dem Hydraulikmotor auf einen Verschiebeträger erfolgt mittels Stahlgliederketten.In known lifting devices, the sliding supports are driven by means of hydraulic drives to carry out the displacement movements in the main frame. Such a hydraulic drive comprises at least one hydraulic motor with a hydraulic pump. The power transmission from the hydraulic motor to a displacement support by means of steel link chains.

Während der Verschiebebewegung ist der aus Stahl bestehende Verschiebeträger mit seinem hinteren Ende im Hauptrahmen geführt. Dabei ist zwischen den Wänden des Hauptrahmens und des Verschiebeträgers ein Schmierpolster aus Fett vorgesehen, um die Gleitreibung zwischen den aneinander anliegenden Flächen zu mindern.During the sliding movement of the existing steel displacement carrier is guided with its rear end in the main frame. In this case, a lubricating cushion made of grease is provided between the walls of the main frame and the sliding support to reduce the sliding friction between the abutting surfaces.

Die Aufnahmen, insbesondere die Verriegelungszapfen, werden ebenfalls mit hydraulischen Antrieben angetrieben. Die Eckeinweiser können wahlweise auch starr mit dem jeweiligen Kopfträger verbunden sein.The recordings, in particular the locking pins, are also driven by hydraulic drives. The corner guides can optionally also be rigidly connected to the respective head carrier.

Nachteilig bei derartigen Hebegeräten ist zum einen der hohe Energiebedarf für den Antrieb der beweglichen Einheiten, insbesondere der Verschiebeträger. Dies beruht insbesondere darauf, dass den hydraulischen Antrieben fortwährend Energie zugeführt werden muss, auch wenn keine Bewegung der entsprechenden Einheiten erfolgt.A disadvantage of such lifting devices is on the one hand, the high energy requirements for the drive of the moving units, in particular the displacement carrier. This is due in particular to the fact that the hydraulic drives continuously energy must be supplied, even if no movement of the corresponding units takes place.

Weiterhin ergibt sich ein hoher Energiebedarf insbesondere dadurch, dass die Verschiebeträger ein hohes Eigengewicht aufweisen, so dass auch die wirkenden Gleitreibungskräfte zwischen Verschiebeträger und Hauptrahmen beträchtlich sind.Furthermore, a high energy requirement results, in particular, in that the displacement carriers have a high intrinsic weight, so that the effective sliding friction forces between the displacement carrier and the main frame are also considerable.

Ein weiterer Nachteil derartiger Hebegeräte besteht darin, dass während deren Betriebs häufig Leckagen im Hydrauliksystem auftreten. Zudem tritt unvermeidlich das als Schmierpolster zwischen Verschiebeträgern und Hauptrahmen dienende Fett partiell an der Außenseite des Hebegeräts aus. Dadurch entstehen beträchtliche Verschmutzungen des Hebegeräts und der zu transportierenden Container, wodurch ein unerwünscht hoher Aufwand an Reinigungs- und Instandhaltungsarbeiten entsteht. Weiterhin ist durch die Leckagen des Hydrauliksystems ein beträchtlicher Aufwand an Wartungsarbeiten erforderlich. Schließlich entstehen durch am Hebegerät austretendes Fett und Öl auch beträchtliche Umweltbelastungen.Another disadvantage of such lifting devices is that often leakages occur in the hydraulic system during their operation. In addition, inevitably occurs as a grease pad between the shift carrier and the main frame serving grease partially on the outside of the lifting device. This results in considerable contamination of the lifting device and the container to be transported, resulting in an undesirably high amount of cleaning and maintenance work. Furthermore, a considerable amount of maintenance is required by the leaks of the hydraulic system. Eventually, grease and oil leaking from the lifter also create significant environmental impact.

Aus der JP-A-11 29 24 55 ist ein Hebegerät bekannt, dessen Verschiebeträger mittels Rollenlagerungen in einem Hauptrahmen geführt sind.From the JP-A-11 29 24 55 a lifting device is known, the displacement carrier are guided by means of roller bearings in a main frame.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Hebegerät der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welches mit geringem Energie- und Wartungsaufwand betrieben werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a lifting device of the type mentioned, which can be operated with low energy and maintenance.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hebegerät sind die im Hauptrahmen geführten Verschiebeträger und die Aufnahmen zur Ankopplung des Hebegeräts an einen Container mittels wenigstens eines Elektroantriebs angetrieben. Zudem bestehen die Verschiebeträger im Hauptrahmen aus Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen.In the lifting device according to the invention, the displacement carrier guided in the main frame and the receptacles for coupling the lifting device are driven to a container by means of at least one electric drive. In addition, the displacement support in the main frame of carbon fiber composites.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieses Hebegeräts besteht darin, dass durch den Einsatz von Elektroantrieben auf Hydraulikantriebe vollständig verzichtet werden kann. Damit wird die Gefahr von Leckagen, welche bei Hydrauliksystemen auftreten können, vermieden. Dementsprechend werden Verschmutzungen des Hebegeräts und der Container erheblich reduziert. Zudem sind die Elektroantriebe nahezu wartungsfrei und erlauben zudem eine sehr genaue Positionierung der angeschlossenen Einheiten.A significant advantage of this lifting device is that can be completely dispensed with the use of electric drives on hydraulic drives. This avoids the risk of leaks, which can occur in hydraulic systems. Accordingly, soiling of the lifting device and the container are significantly reduced. In addition, the electric drives are virtually maintenance-free and also allow a very accurate positioning of the connected units.

Weiterhin wird durch den Einsatz von Elektroantrieben eine erhebliche Energieeinsparung erzielt. Dies beruht insbesondere darauf, dass bei Elektroantrieben im Gegensatz zu Hydraulikantrieben nur dann Energie eingespeist und verbraucht wird, wenn mit diesem eine Positionierbewegung durchgeführt wird.Furthermore, a considerable energy saving is achieved through the use of electric drives. This is based in particular on the fact that in electric drives, in contrast to hydraulic drives, energy is only supplied and consumed when a positioning movement is carried out with it.

Die Energieeinsparung wird weiterhin dadurch erhöht, dass die Verschiebeträger über Rollenlagerungen in dem Hauptrahmen geführt sind. Die Grenzflächen zwischen Hauptrahmen und Verschiebeträgern liegen somit nicht mehr unmittelbar aneinander an sondern werden über die Rollenlagerung gleitreibungsfrei geführt.The energy saving is further increased by the fact that the displacement carrier are guided via roller bearings in the main frame. The interfaces between the main frame and the sliding supports are thus no longer directly adjacent to each other but are guided free of friction on the roller bearing.

Dadurch wird als weiterer Vorteil erhalten, dass eine Schmierung mittels Fetten nicht mehr notwendig ist. Damit entstehen bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hebegerät keine Verschmutzungen aufgrund austretenden Fetten und auch der Wartungsaufwand für das Hebegerät wird vermindert.This is obtained as a further advantage that lubrication by means of fats is no longer necessary. This results in the lifting device according to the invention no dirt due to leaking fats and also the maintenance of the lifter is reduced.

Besonders vorteilhaft umfasst der Elektroantrieb zur Durchführung der Verschiebebewegung eines Verschiebeträgers einen Elektroantrieb, welcher einen Zahnriemen antreibt.Particularly advantageously, the electric drive for carrying out the displacement movement of a displacement carrier comprises an electric drive, which drives a toothed belt.

Der Zahnriemen steht in Eingriff mit einer Energiezuführungsstange an dem jeweiligen Verschiebeträger. Durch einen so ausgebildeten Elektroantrieb können die bei Hydraulikantrieben eingesetzten Stahlgliederketten zur Kraftübertragung vermieden werden. Dadurch wird eine erhebliche Gewichts- und Energieeinsparung erzielt und der Wartungsaufwand für das Hebegerät weiter reduziert.The toothed belt is engaged with a power supply rod on the respective displacement carrier. By means of such an electric drive, the steel link chains used in hydraulic drives for power transmission can be avoided. As a result, a considerable weight and energy saving is achieved and the maintenance of the lifter further reduced.

Eine weitere Erhöhung der Gewichts- und Energieeinsparung wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erzielt, dass die Verschiebeträger zumindest teilweise aus Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen bestehen.A further increase in weight and energy savings is achieved according to the invention in that the displacement carrier consist at least partially of carbon fiber composite materials.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform besteht die Rollenlagerung aus federnd gelagerten Laufrollen. Durch das Federsystem wird eine effiziente Schockabsorption, insbesondere bei Aufsetzen des Hebegeräts auf den Container erhalten und damit auch eine erhebliche Reduzierung des Lärmpegels. Dieser Effekt wird dadurch noch verstärkt, dass an den freien Enden der Verschiebeträger angeordnete Kopfträger, an welchen die Aufnahmen zur Ankopplung an den Container angeordnet sind, an die Verschiebeträger festgeklebt sind. Als Klebemittel werden hierzu vorzugsweise schockabsorbierende Vulkollanschichten eingesetzt.In a further advantageous embodiment, the roller bearing consists of spring-mounted rollers. The spring system provides efficient shock absorption, particularly when the lifter is placed on the container, and thus also a significant reduction in the level of noise. This effect is exacerbated by the fact that arranged at the free ends of the slide carrier head carrier, on which the recordings are arranged for coupling to the container, are glued to the sliding support. As adhesives for this purpose preferably shock-absorbing Vulkollanschichten be used.

Eine Erweiterung des erfindungsgemäßen Hebegeräts sieht den Einsatz von Linearmotoren als Antriebe für die Verschiebeträger vor. Durch die Verwendung von Linearantrieben werden keinerlei bewegte Teile benötigt, um die von dem Antrieb erzeugte Kraft auf die Verschiebeträger zur Durchführung der Verschiebebewegung zu übertragen. Die Linearantriebe arbeiten dabei vollkommen verschleißfrei und wartungsfrei. Zudem ist der Betrieb des erfindungsgemäßen Hebegeräts umweltfreundlich, insbesondere auch deshalb, da an den Linearantrieben keine Leckagen auftreten können.An extension of the lifting device according to the invention provides for the use of linear motors as drives for the displacement carrier. Through the use of linear actuators, no moving parts are needed to meet the requirements of to transmit the force generated by the drive to the displacement carrier for carrying out the displacement movement. The linear drives work completely wear-free and maintenance-free. In addition, the operation of the invention Lifting device environmentally friendly, especially because no leaks can occur on the linear drives.

Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft, dass sämtliche Komponenten der Linearantriebe stationär am Hebegerät anbringbar sind. Der Primärteil eines Linearantriebs ist dabei stationär am Hauptrahmen des Hebegeräts angeordnet, der Sekundärteil des Linearantriebs ist ebenfalls stationär an dem jeweiligen Verschiebeträger angeordnet. Damit können auch die Kabelzuführungen zu den Komponenten der Linearantriebe stationär verlegt sein. Die Linearantriebe können damit auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise am Hebegerät montiert werden.Furthermore, it is advantageous that all components of the linear drives are stationary attachable to the lifter. The primary part of a linear drive is stationarily arranged on the main frame of the lifting device, the secondary part of the linear drive is also arranged stationary on the respective displacement carrier. Thus, the cable feeds to the components of the linear drives can be installed stationary. The linear drives can thus be mounted on the lifting device in a simple and cost-effective manner.

Die Verschiebeträger des Hebegeräts bestehen jeweils aus zwei Holmen, die zweckmäßigerweise in separaten Einschubkammern des Hauptrahmens geführt sind.The displacement of the lifting device each consist of two bars, which are conveniently performed in separate insertion chambers of the main frame.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist jedem Holm eines Verschiebeträgers ein Linearantrieb zugeordnet. An jedem Holm ist ein Sekundärteil in Form einer in dessen Längsrichtung verlaufenden metallischen Schiene vorgesehen. Der Primärteil des jeweiligen Linearantriebs ist in oder an der dem Holm zugeordneten Einschubkammer angeordnet.In an advantageous embodiment, each rail of a displacement support is associated with a linear drive. On each spar, a secondary part is provided in the form of a metallic rail extending in its longitudinal direction. The primary part of the respective linear drive is arranged in or on the insertion chamber associated with the spar.

Das so ausgebildete Hebegerät ist äußerst kostengünstig herstellbar. Zudem kann durch die Verwendung von Linearantrieben eine schmale Bauform des Hebegeräts erreicht werden, wodurch gute Sichtverhältnisse am Hebegerät erhalten werden. Dies wiederum führt zu einer erhöhten Sicherheit bei dem Betrieb des Hebegeräts.The lifter thus formed is extremely inexpensive to produce. In addition, by using linear actuators a narrow design of the lifting device can be achieved, whereby good visibility is obtained on the lifter. This in turn leads to increased safety in the operation of the lifting device.

Eine Erweiterung des erfindungsgemäßen Hebegeräts sieht den Einsatz von Trommelmotoren als Antriebe für die Verschiebeträger vor.An extension of the lifting device according to the invention provides for the use of drum motors as drives for the displacement carrier.

Durch die Verwendung von Trommelmotoren wird eine exakte Positionierung der Verschiebeträger ermöglicht. Dabei ist der Energieaufwand zum Verfahren der Verschiebeträger äußerst gering. Zudem können die Trommelmotoren nahezu verschleißfrei betrieben werden.Through the use of drum motors, an exact positioning of the sliding support is made possible. In this case, the energy required to process the displacement carrier extremely low. In addition, the drum motors can be operated almost wear-free.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind auf die Mantelflächen der Trommeln der Trommelmotoren Friktionsbeläge aufgebracht, die beispielsweise aus einem verschleißfreien Gummimaterial oder aus einem glasfaserhaltigen Kunststoffmaterial bestehen. Auf die Ober- und Unterseiten der Energiezuführungsstangen, auf welchen die mittels Federspannungen angepressten Trommeln abgerollt werden, sind Reibebeläge aufgebrachtIn a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention friction coatings are applied to the lateral surfaces of the drums of the drum motors, which consist for example of a wear-resistant rubber material or of a glass fiber-containing plastic material. On the upper and lower sides of the energy supply rods on which the pressed by means of spring tension drums are unrolled friction linings are applied

Damit wirkt zwischen den Trommeln und der Energiezuführungsstange eine hohe Reibungskraft, so dass die Trommeln ohne Schlupf auf der Energiezuführungsstange abrollbar sind. Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft, dass die Friktionsbeläge und Reibebeläge verschleißarm und insbesondere abriebfest ausgebildet sind, so dass die Reibungswirkung zwischen den Belägen langzeitstabil ist.Thus acts between the drums and the energy supply rod, a high frictional force, so that the drums are unrolled without slippage on the energy supply rod. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the friction linings and friction linings are made wear-resistant and, in particular, resistant to abrasion, so that the friction effect between the linings is long-term stable.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Wände der Verschiebeträger wenigstens abschnittsweise in Form von Fachwerkskonstruktionen ausgebildet und weisen dadurch eine besonders hohe Stabilität bei geringem Eigengewicht auf.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the walls of the sliding support are at least partially formed in the form of truss structures and thus have a particularly high stability with low weight on.

Besonders vorteilhaft besteht diese Fachwerkskonstruktion aus Glasfaser-Werkstoffen, Kohle-Verbundwerkstoffen und/oder Hybrid-Sandwich-Konstruktionen aus mehreren Schichten der vorgenannten Werkstoffe. Durch diese Bauweise kann die Stabilität und das Eigengewicht eines Verschiebeträgers weiter optimiert werden. Insbesondere kann der Verschiebeträger hinsichtlich auftretender Zug- und Druckbelastungen gezielt dadurch optimiert werden, dass unter Zugbelastung stehende Elemente des Verschiebeträgers überwiegend aus Glasfaser-Werkstoffen bestehen, während unter Druckbelastungen stehende Elemente des Verschiebeträgers vorwiegend aus Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen bestehen.Particularly advantageously, this framework construction consists of glass fiber materials, carbon composites and / or hybrid sandwich constructions of several layers of the aforementioned materials. Due to this design, the stability and weight of a sliding support can be further optimized. In particular, the displacement support can be optimally optimized with regard to occurring tensile and compressive stresses that under tensile load standing elements of the sliding support predominantly made of glass fiber materials, while under pressure loads standing elements of the displacement support consist mainly of carbon fiber composites.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind für die Laufrollen der Rollenlagerungen Federungen in Form von Federblättern vorgesehen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, suspensions in the form of spring leaves are provided for the rollers of the roller bearings.

Diese Form der Abfederung nimmt auftretende Belastungen, insbesondere auch Stoßbelastungen, effizient auf und schützt zudem die Laufrollen vor Beschädigungen.This type of cushion absorbs occurring loads, especially shock loads, efficiently and also protects the rollers against damage.

Die Erfindung wird im Nachstehenden anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
Draufsicht auf ein Hebegerät mit zwei in einem Hauptrahmen geführten Verschiebeträgern.
Figur 2:
Seitenansicht des Hebegeräts gemäß Figur 1.
Figur 3:
Querschnitt durch das Hebegerät gemäß Figur 1 mit in Einschubkammern des Hauptrahmens verlaufenden Holmen der Verschiebeträger.
Figur 4:
Perspektivische Darstellung eines in einer Einschubkammer geführten Holmes eines Verschiebeträgers.
Figur 5:
Querschnitt durch einen an einem freien Ende eines Verschiebeträgers befestigten Kopfträgers.
Figur 6:
Schematische Darstellung zweier an einem Kopfträger angeordneten, mittels eines Elektroantriebs getriebenen Verriegelungszapfen.
Figur 7:
Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verriegelungszapfens gemäß Figur 6.
Figur 8:
Schematische Darstellung eines über einen Elektroantrieb getriebenen Eckeinweisers.
Figur 9:
Draufsicht auf ein Hebegerät mit mittels Linearantrieben angetriebenen, verschiebbar gelagerten Verschiebeträgern.
Figur 10:
Querschnitt durch ein erstes Hebegerät gemäß Figur 9.
Figur 11:
Querschnitt durch ein zweites Hebegerät gemäß Figur 9.
Figur 12:
Draufsicht auf ein Hebegerät mit mittels Trommelmotoren angetriebenen, verschiebbar gelagerten Verschiebeträgern.
Figur 13:
Querschnitt durch das Hebegerät gemäß Figur 12.
Figur 14:
Seitenansicht eines Verschiebeträgers mit einer Fachwerkskonstruktion.
Figur 15:
Federung für eine Laufrolle zur Führung eines Verschiebeträgers.
The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1:
Top view of a lifting device with two guided in a main frame sliding supports.
FIG. 2:
Side view of the lifting device according to FIG. 1 ,
FIG. 3:
Cross section through the lifter according to FIG. 1 with extending in insertion chambers of the main frame bars of the shift carrier.
FIG. 4:
Perspective view of a guided in a slide-in Holmes a sliding support.
FIG. 5:
Cross section through a attached to a free end of a slide carrier head carrier.
FIG. 6:
Schematic representation of two arranged on a head support, driven by an electric drive locking pin.
FIG. 7:
Embodiment of a locking pin according to FIG. 6 ,
FIG. 8:
Schematic representation of a driven via an electric drive corner Einweisers.
FIG. 9:
Top view of a lifting device with driven by linear drives, slidably mounted sliding supports.
FIG. 10:
Cross section through a first lifter according to FIG. 9 ,
FIG. 11:
Cross section through a second lifter according to FIG. 9 ,
FIG. 12:
Top view of a lifting device with driven by drum motors, slidably mounted sliding supports.
FIG. 13:
Cross section through the lifter according to FIG. 12 ,
FIG. 14:
Side view of a sliding support with a framework construction.
FIG. 15:
Suspension for a roller for guiding a sliding support.

Die Figuren 1 - 8 zeigen Ausführungsformen des Hebegeräts welche in der DE 101 01 986 ursprünglich offenbart sind.The Figures 1 - 8 show embodiments of the lifting device which in the DE 101 01 986 originally disclosed.

Figur 1 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Hebegeräts 1 zum Transport eines nicht dargestellten Containers. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a lifting device 1 for transporting a container, not shown.

Das Hebegerät 1 weist einen Hauptrahmen 2 auf, in welchem zwei Verschiebeträger 3 geführt sind. Der Hauptrahmen 2 besteht aus Stahl und weist eine im Wesentlichen quaderförmige Außenkontur auf. An den längsseitigen Enden des Hauptrahmens 2 sind Öffnungen vorgesehen, in welche die Verschiebeträger 3 eingeführt sind. Dabei münden die Verschiebeträger 3 an gegenüberliegenden längsseitigen Enden des Hauptrahmens 2 aus und sind in Längsrichtung des Hauptrahmens 2 verschiebbar angeordnet.The lifting device 1 has a main frame 2, in which two displacement carrier 3 are guided. The main frame 2 is made of steel and has a substantially cuboid outer contour. At the longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 openings are provided, in which the displacement carrier 3 are inserted. Here, the displacement carrier 3 open at opposite longitudinal ends of the main frame 2 and are arranged to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2.

Die Verschiebeträger 3 bestehen aus Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen und weisen einen im Wesentlichen identischen Aufbau auf. Dabei weist jeder Verschiebeträger 3 zwei in dessen Längsrichtung verlaufende Holme 4 auf. Die Holme 4 verlaufen in Abstand parallel zueinander und weisen jeweils einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf.The displacement carrier 3 consist of carbon fiber composite materials and have a substantially identical structure. In this case, each shift carrier 3 two extending in the longitudinal direction of the spars 4. The spars 4 extend at a distance parallel to each other and each have a rectangular cross-section.

Wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich entsprechen die Höhen der Holme 4 im Wesentlichen der Höhe des Hauptrahmens 2.How out FIG. 2 it can be seen that the heights of the spars 4 correspond substantially to the height of the main frame 2.

Zwischen den Holmen 4 verläuft parallel zu diesen eine Energiezuführungsstange 5, die ebenfalls Bestandteil des jeweiligen Verschiebeträgers 3 ist.Between the bars 4 runs parallel to these a power supply rod 5, which is also part of the respective displacement support 3.

Wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich sind die Holme 4 des ersten Verschiebeträgers 3 seitlich versetzt zu den Holmen 4 des zweiten Verschiebeträgers 3 angeordnet, so dass diese innerhalb des Hauptrahmens 2 aneinander vorbei geschoben werden können.How out FIG. 1 it can be seen that the spars 4 of the first displacement support 3 are laterally offset from the spars 4 of the second displacement support 3, so that they can be pushed past each other within the main frame 2.

An den freien längsseitigen Enden der Verschiebeträger 3 ist jeweils ein Kopfträger 6 angeordnet, wobei sowohl die Holme 4 als auch die Energiezuführungsstange 5 des Verschiebeträgers 3 auf den Kopfträger 6 geführt sind. Die Längsachse des Kopfträgers 6 verläuft quer zur Längsachse des entsprechenden Verschiebeträgers 3. An den Enden des Kopfträgers 6, welche seitlich über den Verschiebeträger 3 hervorstehen, sind Aufnahmen zur Ankopplung an den Container vorgesehen.At the free longitudinal ends of the displacement support 3, a head support 6 is arranged in each case, wherein both the spars 4 and the energy supply rod 5 of the displacement support 3 are guided on the head support 6. The longitudinal axis of the head support 6 extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding displacement support 3. At the ends of the head support 6, which protrude laterally beyond the displacement support 3, recordings are provided for coupling to the container.

Die Aufnahmen sind zum einen von Verriegelungszapfen 7 gebildet. An jedem Ende eines Kopfträgers 6 ist ein derartiger Verriegelungszapfen 7 in einem Gehäuse 8 angeordnet.The recordings are formed on the one hand by locking pin 7. At each end of a head carrier 6, such a locking pin 7 is arranged in a housing 8.

Die Verriegelungszapfen 7 dienen zur Befestigung des Hebegeräts 1 am Container, wobei diese hierzu in entsprechende Ausnehmungen 42? am Container greifen und dort fixiert sind, so dass mittels des Hebegeräts 1 der Container angehoben werden kann.The locking pin 7 are used to attach the lifting device 1 on the container, this being in corresponding recesses 42? grip the container and are fixed there, so that by means of the lifting device 1, the container can be lifted.

Zur Positionierung der Verriegelungszapfen 7 in die Ausnehmungen 42? sind am Kopfträger 6 als weitere Aufnahmen Eckeinweiser 9 vorgesehen. Die Eckeinweiser 9 befinden sich ebenfalls an den längsseitigen Enden der Kopfträger 6 in unmittelbarer Nähe der Verriegelungszapfen 7.For positioning the locking pin 7 in the recesses 42? are provided on the head support 6 as further recordings Eckeinweiser 9. The corner Einweiser 9 are also located at the longitudinal ends of the head support 6 in the immediate vicinity of the locking pin. 7

Zur Durchführung der Verschiebebewegungen der Verschiebeträger 3 sind Elektroantriebe vorgesehen. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist für jeden Verschiebeträger 3 als Elektroantrieb ein Elektromotor 10 vorgesehen, welcher einen Zahnriemen 11 antreibt. Jeder Zahnriemen 11 läuft rollengeführt in Längsrichtung des Hauptrahmens 2 und steht in Eingriff mit der Energiezuführungsstange 5 des jeweiligen Verschiebeträgers 3. Somit wird die Bewegung des Zahnriemens 11 auf die Energiezuführungsstange 5 übertragen, wodurch der Verschiebeträger 3 verschoben wird. Durch die Vorgabe von Positionier- und Geschwindigkeitsbefehlen, mittels derer der Elektromotor 10 angesteuert wird, kann die Bewegung des Verschiebeträgers 3 sehr genau vorgegeben werden.To carry out the displacement movements of the displacement carrier 3 electric drives are provided. In the present embodiment, an electric motor 10 is provided for each shift carrier 3 as an electric drive, which drives a toothed belt 11. Each toothed belt 11 runs in a roll-guided manner in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2 and is in engagement with the energy supply rod 5 of the respective displacement support 3. Thus, the movement of the toothed belt 11 is transmitted to the energy supply rod 5, whereby the displacement support 3 is displaced. By specifying positioning and speed commands, by means of which the electric motor 10 is controlled, the movement of the displacement support 3 can be specified very accurately.

Wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich sind die Holme 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 in separaten Einschubkammern 12, 12' des Hauptrahmens 2 geführt. Die Einschubkammern 12, 12' verlaufen in Längsrichtung des Hauptrahmens 2, wobei jeweils zwei Einschubkammern 12, 12' dicht nebeneinander liegend entlang der gegenüberliegenden Seitenwände des Hauptrahmens 2 angeordnet sind. Die Einschubkammern 12, 12' sind identisch ausgebildet. Sie weisen jeweils die Form von Hohlprofilen mit rechteckigen Querschnitten auf.How out FIG. 3 the spars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 are shown in separate insertion chambers 12, 12 'of the main frame 2. The insertion chambers 12, 12 'extend in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 2, wherein in each case two insertion chambers 12, 12' are arranged closely adjacent to each other along the opposite side walls of the main frame 2. The insertion chambers 12, 12 'are identical. They each have the form of hollow profiles with rectangular cross sections.

Die Holme 4 des ersten Verschiebeträgers 3, dessen Vorderseite in Figur 3 dargestellt ist, verlaufen in zwei ersten Einschubkammern 12, die an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden der Hauptkammer angeordnet sind. Die Holme 4 des zweiten Verschiebeträgers 3, dessen Rückseite in Figur 3 dargestellt ist, verlaufen in den beiden restlichen Hauptkammern 12' seitlich versetzt zu den Holmen 4 des ersten Verschiebeträgers 3. Die Energiezuführungsstangen 5 der Verschiebeträger 3 sind in Bohrungen 13 eines Querträgers 14 des Hauptrahmens 2 geführt, von welchen eine in Figur 3 dargestellt ist.The spars 4 of the first sliding support 3, the front in FIG. 3 is shown extending into two first insertion chambers 12, which are arranged on two opposite side walls of the main chamber. The spars 4 of the second sliding support 3, whose back in FIG. 3 is shown, extending laterally offset in the two remaining main chambers 12 'to the bars 4 of the first displacement support 3. The energy supply rods 5 of Displacement carrier 3 are guided in holes 13 of a cross member 14 of the main frame 2, of which a in FIG. 3 is shown.

Die Verschiebeträger 3 sind über Rollenlagerungen in den einzelnen Einschubkammern 12, 12' geführt. Die Rollenlagerungen umfassen mehrere Laufrollen 15, 16, 17, 18, die an den einzelnen Holmen 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 und an den jeweiligen Einschubkammern 12, 12' angeordnet sind. Die Laufrollen 15, 16, 17, 18 bestehen aus Polypropylen, Hartschaumstoff oder Metall und sind vorzugsweise federnd gelagert. Die Anordnungen der Laufrollen 15, 16, 17, 18 sind für sämtliche Einschubkammern 12, 12' und die darin geführten Holme 4 identisch ausgebildet.The displacement carrier 3 are guided over roller bearings in the individual insertion chambers 12, 12 '. The roller bearings comprise a plurality of rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 which are arranged on the individual bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 and on the respective insertion chambers 12, 12 '. The rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 are made of polypropylene, rigid foam or metal and are preferably spring-mounted. The arrangements of the rollers 15, 16, 17, 18 are identical for all insertion chambers 12, 12 'and guided therein spars 4.

Figur 4 zeigt schematisch die Anordnung einer ersten, zweiten und einer dritten Laufrolle 15, 16, 17 zur Führung eines Holmes 4 in einer Einschubkammer 12, 12'. FIG. 4 schematically shows the arrangement of a first, second and a third roller 15, 16, 17 for guiding a spar 4 in a slide-in chamber 12, 12 '.

Die erste Laufrolle 15 und die zweite Laufrolle 16 sind an der Rückseite des Holmes 4 angeordnet. Dabei ist die erste Laufrolle 15 an der Oberseite des Holmes 4 angeordnet, so dass diese etwas über die ebene Oberseite hervorsteht und an der zugewandten Innenwand des Holmes 4 abrollt. Die zweite Laufrolle 16 ist entsprechend an der Unterseite des Holmes 4 angeordnet.The first roller 15 and the second roller 16 are arranged on the back of the spar 4. In this case, the first roller 15 is arranged on the upper side of the spar 4 so that it protrudes slightly beyond the flat upper side and rolls on the facing inner wall of the spar 4. The second roller 16 is correspondingly arranged on the underside of the spar 4.

Im Bereich des Ausgangs des Hauptrahmens 2 ist eine dritte Laufrolle 17 so angebracht, dass diese auf der Unterseite des Holmes 4 abrollt.In the area of the output of the main frame 2, a third roller 17 is mounted so that it rolls on the underside of the spar 4.

Zur Abstützung des Holmes 4 in einer Einschubkammer 12, 12' sind an den der Oberseite des Holmes 4 gegenüberliegenden Innenwänden der entsprechenden Einschubkammer 12, 12' Pufferplatten 19, 19' vorgesehen. Die erste Pufferplatte 19 liegt der dritten Laufrolle 17 gegenüber, die zweite Pufferplatte 19' liegt dicht vor der ersten Laufrolle 15. Die Pufferplatten 19, 19' stehen von der Innenwand der Einschubkammer 12, 12' hervor, wobei deren Bauhöhen an die Bauhöhe und Einbaulage der ersten Laufrolle 15 angepasst sind, so dass diese an der Innenwand der Einschubkammer 12, 12' abrollen kann. Die Pufferplatten 19, 19' verhindern ein Verkanten des Holmes 4 in der Einschubkammer 12, 12, insbesondere während der Verschiebebewegung des Holmes 4 und bei Anheben des Containers.To support the spar 4 in an insertion chamber 12, 12 'are at the top of the spar 4 opposite inner walls of the corresponding insertion chamber 12, 12' buffer plates 19, 19 'is provided. The first buffer plate 19 is opposite to the third roller 17, the second buffer plate 19 'is close to the first roller 15. The buffer plates 19, 19' project from the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', with their heights to the overall height and installation position the first roller 15 are adapted so that this on the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 'can roll. The buffer plates 19, 19 'prevent jamming of the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, 12, in particular during the displacement movement of the spar 4 and when lifting the container.

Die in Figur 4 dargestellten Laufrollen 15, 16, 17 weisen jeweils in horizontaler Richtung und quer zur Längsachse des Verschiebeträgers 3 verlaufende Drehachsen auf. Die Laufrollen 15, 16, 17 erstrecken sich dabei nahezu über die gesamte Breite des Holmes 4.In the FIG. 4 shown rollers 15, 16, 17 each have in the horizontal direction and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the sliding support 3 extending axes of rotation. The rollers 15, 16, 17 extend almost over the entire width of the spar 4.

Die Lagerung der Laufrollen 15, 16, 17 ist in Figur 3 detailliert dargestellt.The bearing of the rollers 15, 16, 17 is in FIG. 3 shown in detail.

Die erste und zweite Laufrolle 15, 16 an der Rückseite der Holme 4 eines der Verschiebeträger 3 sitzen jeweils auf einem Rollenbock 20 an der Unter- und Oberseite des Holmes 4 auf. Die Laufrollen 15, 16 sind dabei jeweils mittels einer Halterung 21 am Rollenbock 20 befestigt, so dass ein geringer Abstand zwischen der jeweiligen Laufrolle 15, 16 und dem Rollenbock 20 verbleibt. Jeder Rollenbock 20 ist wiederum auf einer Feder 22 gelagert, wobei die Federn 22 auf einer gemeinsamen Stützplatte 23 aufsitzen. Die Federn 22 sind vorzugsweise von Spiraldruckfedern oder Silentblöcken gebildet.The first and second rollers 15, 16 on the back of the spars 4 of the shift carrier 3 each sit on a roller block 20 at the bottom and top of the spar 4. The rollers 15, 16 are in each case fastened by means of a holder 21 on the roller block 20, so that a small distance between the respective roller 15, 16 and the roller block 20 remains. Each roller block 20 is in turn mounted on a spring 22, wherein the springs 22 rest on a common support plate 23. The springs 22 are preferably formed by helical compression springs or silent blocks.

Auch die dritte Laufrolle 17 ist federnd gelagert. Die dritte Laufrolle 17 befindet sich am Ausgang der Einschubkammer 12, 12', wobei die Laufrolle 17 an der Unterseite der Einschubkammer 12, 12' gelagert ist, so dass sie geringfügig über die Innenwand der Einschubkammer 12, 12' nach oben hervorsteht. Dabei sitzt die dritte Laufrolle 17 auf einem Federpuffer 24 aus Kunststoff auf.The third roller 17 is spring-mounted. The third roller 17 is located at the outlet of the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein the roller 17 is mounted on the underside of the insertion chamber 12, 12', so that it protrudes slightly above the inner wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 'upwards. The third roller 17 sits on a spring buffer 24 made of plastic.

Die Unterseiten der Einschubkammern 12, 12' sowie die Federpuffer 24 weisen vorzugsweise nicht dargestellte Schlitze auf, über welche Schmutz und Wasser aus der jeweiligen Einschubkammer 12, 12' austreten kann.The undersides of the insertion chambers 12, 12 'and the spring buffer 24 preferably have slots, not shown, through which dirt and water from the respective insertion chamber 12, 12' can escape.

Mittels der ersten, zweiten und dritten Laufrollen 15, 16, 17 sind die Holme 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 an deren Ober- und Unterseiten in den jeweiligen Einschubkammern 12, 12' geführt. Zur seitlichen Führung der Holme 4 sind weitere Laufrollen 18 vorgesehen, welche wie in Figur 3 dargestellt von den Seitenwänden der Einschubkammern 12, 12' hervorstehen. Auch diese Laufrollen 18 können federnd gelagert sein.By means of the first, second and third rollers 15, 16, 17, the spars 4 of the displacement support 3 are guided at their upper and lower sides in the respective insertion chambers 12, 12 '. For lateral guidance of the spars 4 more rollers 18 are provided, which as in FIG. 3 shown protruding from the side walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '. These rollers 18 may be resiliently mounted.

Figur 5 zeigt das freie Ende eines Verschiebeträgers 3, an welchem ein Kopfträger 6 befestigt ist. Der Kopfträger 6 ist dabei am Verschiebeträger 3 festgeklebt. Als Klebemittel wird ein Spezialkleber verwendet, welcher eine stark schockabsorbierende Wirkung aufweist. Eine Kunststoffschicht oder dergleichen 25 befindet sich zwischen der Frontseite des Verschiebeträgers 3 und der Innenseite des Kopfträgers 6. An der Unterseite des Kopfträgers 6 befindet sich ein Aufnahmeteil für einen in Figur 5 nicht dargestellten Verriegelungszapfen 7. An der Oberseite des Aufnahmeteils befindet sich ein Absatz 26, der in Abstand zur Unterseite des Verschiebeträgers 3 liegt. In den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Absatz 26 und dem Verschiebeträger 3 ist eine weitere Kunststoffschicht oder dergleichen 27 eingebracht, welche als Puffer zur Abfederung von Stoßbelastungen bei Aufsetzen der Kopfträger 6 auf den Container dient. Zur weiteren Stoßdämpfung sind Kunststofflager 28 am Verschiebeträger 3 vorgesehen. FIG. 5 shows the free end of a sliding support 3, to which a head support 6 is attached. The head support 6 is glued to the sliding support 3. As the adhesive, a special adhesive is used, which has a strong shock absorbing effect. A plastic layer or the like 25 is located between the front side of the sliding support 3 and the inside of the head support 6. At the bottom of the head support 6 is a receiving part for a in FIG. 5 On the upper side of the receiving part is a shoulder 26, which is at a distance from the bottom of the slide carrier 3. In the intermediate space between the shoulder 26 and the displacement support 3, a further plastic layer or the like 27 is introduced, which serves as a buffer for cushioning shock loads when placing the head support 6 on the container. For further shock absorption plastic bearings 28 are provided on the sliding support 3.

An der Oberseite des Kopfträgers 6 ist ein nach unten hervorstehender Vorsprung 29 vorgesehen, welcher in eine Ausnehmung 42? am Verschiebeträger 3 greift. Damit kann der Kopfträger 6 am Verschiebeträger 3 mechanisch fixiert werden.At the top of the head carrier 6, a downwardly projecting projection 29 is provided, which in a recess 42? on the shift carrier 3 engages. Thus, the head support 6 can be mechanically fixed to the displacement carrier 3.

Figur 6 zeigt schematisch einen Elektroantrieb zur Positionierung zweier an einem Kopfträger 6 angeordneten Verriegelungszapfen 7. Der Elektroantrieb umfasst einen Elektromotor 30 sowie zwei Kopfträger-Schubstangen 31, von welchen jeweils eine zu einem Verriegelungszapfen 7 geführt ist. Die Kopfträger-Schubstangen 31 bestehen aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff. FIG. 6 schematically shows an electric drive for positioning two arranged on a head support 6 locking pin 7. The electric drive comprises an electric motor 30 and two head support push rods 31, of which one is guided to a locking pin 7. The head carrier push rods 31 are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.

Ein derartiger an eine Kopfträger-Schubstange 31 gekoppelter Verriegelungszapfen 7 ist in Figur 7 detailliert dargestellt. Die horizontal verlaufende Kopfträger-Schubstange 31 ist über ein Lager 32 auf den Verriegelungszapfen 7 geführt, dessen Längsachse in vertikaler Richtung verläuft. Mittels des Elektromotors 30 kann über die Kopfträger-Schubstange 31 und das Lager 32 der Verriegelungszapfen 7 angetrieben und in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden, um diesen in einer Ausnehmung 42? eines Containers zu fixieren.Such coupled to a head support push rod 31 locking pin 7 is in FIG. 7 shown in detail. The horizontally extending head carrier push rod 31 is guided via a bearing 32 on the locking pin 7, whose longitudinal axis extends in the vertical direction. By means of the electric motor 30 can be driven via the head carrier push rod 31 and the bearing 32 of the locking pin 7 and placed in a rotary motion to this in a recess 42? to fix a container.

Zur Abpufferung von Stößen ist zwischen einer vertikal verlaufenden Halterung 33 und einer Hartstahlplatte 34 seitlich am Verriegelungszapfen 7 ein Puffer 35 vorgesehen. Der Puffer 35 besteht aus einer Sandwichstruktur aus Stahl- und Kunststoffplatten.To buffer shocks, a buffer 35 is provided between a vertically extending holder 33 and a hard steel plate 34 on the side of the locking pin 7. The buffer 35 consists of a sandwich structure of steel and plastic plates.

Figur 8 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines am Kopfträger 6 schwenkbar gelagerten und elektrisch angetriebenen Eckeinweisers 9. Der Eckeinweiser 9 ist schaufelförmig ausgebildet. Zur Durchführung der Schwenkbewegung ist der Eckeinweiser 9 an ein Planetengetriebe 36 oder Schneckengetriebe gekoppelt. Alternativ kann anstelle des Planetengetriebes 36 ein Rotationsmagnet vorgesehen sein. Prinzipiell können die Eckeinweiser 9 auch starr am jeweiligen Kopfträger 6 angeordnet sein. FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a pivotally mounted on the head support 6 and electrically driven Eckeinweisers 9. The corner Einweiser 9 is formed scoop-shaped. To carry out the pivoting movement of the corner guide 9 is coupled to a planetary gear 36 or worm gear. Alternatively, instead of the planetary gear 36, a rotary magnet may be provided. In principle, the corner guides 9 can also be arranged rigidly on the respective head carrier 6.

Die Figuren 9 - 11 zeigen Ausführungsbeispiele des Hebegeräts 1 welche in der DE 101 19 273 ursprünglich offenbart sind.The FIGS. 9-11 show embodiments of the lifting device 1 which in the DE 101 19 273 originally disclosed.

In Figur 9 ist schematisch ein Hebegerät 1 dargestellt, welches einen im Wesentlichen identischen Aufbau mit dem Hebegerät 1 gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 aufweist Das Hebegerät 1 weist insbesondere wiederum zwei an einem Hauptrahmen 2 verschiebbar gelagerte Verschiebeträger 3 auf, wobei die Verschiebeträger 3 jeweils zwei parallel zueinander verlaufende Holme 4 aufweisen. Jeder Holm 4 ist dabei in einer separaten Einschubkammer 12, 12' des Hauptrahmens 2 geführt. Jeder Verschiebeträger 3 weist wiederum eine zwischen den Holmen 4 verlaufende Energiezuführungsstange 5 auf.In FIG. 9 schematically, a lifting device 1 is shown, which has a substantially identical structure with the lifting device 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2 In particular, the lifting device 1 again has two displacement carriers 3 which are displaceably mounted on a main frame 2, wherein the displacement carriers 3 each have two spars 4 extending parallel to one another. Each spar 4 is guided in a separate insertion chamber 12, 12 'of the main frame 2. Each displacement support 3 in turn has a running between the bars 4 energy supply rod 5.

An die freien längsseitigen Enden der Verschiebeträger 3 schließt der Kopfträger 6 an, dessen Längsachse quer zu den Längsachsen der Holme 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 verläuft. An den Enden der Kopfträger 6 befinden sich die Gehäuse 8 mit den Verriegelungszapfen 7 sowie die Eckeinweiser 9.At the free longitudinal ends of the sliding support 3, the head support 6 connects, the longitudinal axis of which is transverse to the longitudinal axes of the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3. At the ends of the head support 6 are the housing 8 with the locking pin 7 and the corner Einweiser 9th

Zur Durchführung der Verschiebebewegungen der Verschiebeträger 3 sind Linearantriebe 37 vorgesehen, wobei jeder Linearantrieb 37 einen Primärteil 38 und einen Sekundärteil 39 aufweist. Wie aus Figur 9 ersichtlich ist für jeden Holm 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 ein separater Linearantrieb 37 vorgesehen. Der Primärteil 38 eines Linearantriebs 37 ist stationär an der jeweiligen Einschubkammer 12, 12' das Hauptrahmens 2 montiert. Der Sekundärteil 39 des jeweiligen Linearantriebs 37 ist an dem in der betreffenden Einschubkammer 12, 12' verlaufenden Holm 4 montiert.To carry out the displacement movements of the displacement carrier 3 linear drives 37 are provided, each linear drive 37 has a primary part 38 and a secondary part 39. How out FIG. 9 it can be seen for each spar 4 of the displacement support 3, a separate linear drive 37 is provided. The primary part 38 of a linear drive 37 is stationarily mounted on the respective insertion chamber 12, 12 'of the main frame 2. The secondary part 39 of the respective linear drive 37 is mounted on the in the relevant insertion chamber 12, 12 'extending spar 4.

Der Primärteil 38 weist Mittel zur Erzeugung eines magnetischen Wanderfelds auf. Der Sekundärteil 39 besteht aus einer metallischen Schiene, insbesondere einer Aluminiumschiene. Diese Schiene verläuft in Längsrichtung des Holmes 4 und erstreckt sich vorzugsweise über dessen gesamte Länge.The primary part 38 has means for generating a traveling magnetic field. The secondary part 39 consists of a metallic rail, in particular an aluminum rail. This rail extends in the longitudinal direction of the spar 4 and preferably extends over its entire length.

Der Sekundärteil 39 ist dabei derart am Holm 4 montiert, dass dieser in konstantem vorgegebenen Abstand zum Primärteil 38 des jeweiligen Linearantriebs 37 liegt. Hierzu dienen insbesondere die Rollenlagerungen, welche gewährleisten, dass der Abstand zwischen Primärteil 38 und Sekundärteil 39 für beliebige Verschiebepositionen des jeweiligen Verschiebeträgers 3 konstant bleibt.The secondary part 39 is mounted on the spar 4 in such a way that it lies at a constant predetermined distance from the primary part 38 of the respective linear drive 37. In particular, the roller bearings, which ensure that the distance between primary part 38 and secondary part 39 remains constant for any desired displacement positions of the respective displacement carrier 3, serve this purpose.

Durch das im Primärteil 38 eines Linearantriebs 37 generierte Wanderfeld werden im Sekundärteil 39 entsprechende Wechselspannungen induziert, die dort gleichlaufende Ströme hervorrufen. Diese Ströme bewirken eine Kraft, durch welche der Verschiebeträger 3 in eine vorgegebene Richtung verschoben wird. Die für die Bewegung der Verschiebeträger 3 notwendigen Kräfte werden somit in den Linearantrieben 37 ohne bewegliche Teile erzielt.Due to the traveling field generated in the primary part 38 of a linear drive 37 39 corresponding AC voltages are induced in the secondary part, causing the same currents there. These currents cause a force by which the displacement carrier 3 is displaced in a predetermined direction. The forces necessary for the movement of the displacement carrier 3 forces are thus achieved in the linear actuators 37 without moving parts.

Um die sich in einer vorgegebenen Richtung verschiebenden Verschiebeträger 3 anzuhalten und in einer bestimmten Position zu fixieren, ist jedem Verschiebeträger 3 eine Feststellvorrichtung zugeordnet.In order to stop the sliding in a predetermined direction displacement carrier 3 and to fix in a certain position, each shift carrier 3 is associated with a locking device.

Jede Feststellvorrichtung ist dabei von einer Bremse 40 gebildet, im vorliegenden Fall von einer Backenbremse. Jede Bremse 40 wirkt dabei auf die Energiezuführungsstange 5 des jeweiligen Verschiebeträgers 3.Each locking device is formed by a brake 40, in the present case of a shoe brake. Each brake 40 acts on the energy supply rod 5 of the respective displacement support. 3

Wie aus Figur 9 ersichtlich verläuft die Energiezuführungsstange 5 eines Verschiebeträgers 3 zwischen den Holmen 4 des jeweiligen Verschiebeträgers 3 und ist mit ihrem vorderen Ende auf den Kopfträger 6 geführt. Im Hauptrahmen 2 ist der quer zu den Längsachsen der Verschiebeträger 3 verlaufende Querträger 14 vorgesehen, welcher Aufnahmen zur Führung der Energiezuführungsstangen 5 beider Verschiebeträger 3 aufweist. In diesen Aufnahmen befinden sich die Backenbremsen, wobei die Bremsbacken der Bremsen 40 zur Arretierung der Verschiebeträger 3 auf die Mantelfläche der Energiezuführungsstangen 5 gedrückt werden.How out FIG. 9 the energy supply rod 5 of a displacement support 3 runs between the uprights 4 of the respective displacement support 3 and is guided with its front end onto the head support 6. In the main frame 2, the transversely extending to the longitudinal axes of the sliding support 3 cross member 14 is provided, which has recordings for guiding the energy supply rods 5 of both displacement carrier 3. In these recordings are the jaw brakes, wherein the brake shoes of the brakes 40 are pressed to lock the shift carrier 3 on the lateral surface of the energy supply rods 5.

Wie aus Figur 9 weiter ersichtlich führt von dem Querträger 14 über die Energiezuführungsstangen 5 jeweils ein Spiralkabel 41 zur Stromversorgung der elektrischen Einheiten in den Kopfträger 6.How out FIG. 9 Furthermore, a spiral cable 41 for supplying power to the electrical units into the head carrier 6 leads from the cross member 14 via the energy supply rods 5.

Figur 10 zeigt eine erste Anordnung von Linearantrieben 37 an den Holmen 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 des Hebegeräts 1. Die Holme 4 der Verschiebeträger 3, welche im vorliegenden Fall aus Stahl bestehen, sind kastenförmig ausgebildet und weisen einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf. Die Querschnitte der Innenräume der Einschubkammern 12, 12' sind an die Querschnitte der darin geführten Holme 4 angepasst, so dass die Holme 4 mit geringem Spiel in den jeweiligen Einschubkammern 12, 12' geführt sind. Dabei sind die Holme 4 mittels der Rollenlagerungen gemäß der in den Figuren 1 - 8 beschriebenen Ausführungsformen geführt, wodurch gewährleistet ist, dass die Außenwände der Holme 4 jeweils in konstanten Abständen zu den Innenwänden der zugeordneten Einschubkammern 12, 12' geführt sind. FIG. 10 shows a first arrangement of linear actuators 37 on the bars 4 of the sliding support 3 of the lifting device 1. The spars 4 of the displacement support 3, which in the present case made of steel, are box-shaped and have a rectangular cross-section. The cross sections of the interiors of the insertion chambers 12, 12 'are adapted to the cross sections of the guided therein spars 4, so that the spars 4 are guided with little play in the respective insertion chambers 12, 12'. The spars 4 are by means of the roller bearings according to the in the Figures 1 - 8 described embodiments, thereby ensuring that the outer walls the bars 4 are each guided at constant intervals to the inner walls of the associated insertion chambers 12, 12 '.

Die Primärteile 38 der Linearantriebe 37 sind jeweils in eine Ausnehmung 42 der entsprechenden Einschubkammer 12, 12' eingesetzt, so dass die ebene Oberfläche des Primärteils 38 bündig mit der Oberfläche der anschließenden Innenwand der jeweiligen Einschubkammer 12, 12' abschließt.The primary parts 38 of the linear drives 37 are each inserted into a recess 42 of the corresponding insertion chamber 12, 12 ', so that the flat surface of the primary part 38 is flush with the surface of the adjoining inner wall of the respective insertion chamber 12, 12'.

Die Sekundärteile 39 der Linearantriebe 37 sind jeweils von metallischen Schienen gebildet, die an der dem Primärteil 38 zugewandten Seitenwand eines Holmes 4 angebracht ist. Vorzugsweise schließt die Oberfläche einer derartigen Schiene bündig mit der Oberfläche der angrenzenden Seitenwand des Holmes 4 ab. Die Bauhöhen der Primärteile 38 und der gegenüberliegenden Sekundärteile 39 sind vorzugsweise identisch.The secondary parts 39 of the linear drives 37 are each formed by metallic rails, which is attached to the primary part 38 facing side wall of a spar 4. Preferably, the surface of such a rail is flush with the surface of the adjacent side wall of the spar 4. The heights of the primary parts 38 and the opposing secondaries 39 are preferably identical.

Figur 11 zeigt eine zweite Anordnung von Linearantrieben 37 an den Holmen 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 des Hebegeräts 1. Die Einschubkammern 12, 12' weisen analog zum Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 10 wieder einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf. Insbesondere weisen auch die Hohlräume der Einschubkammern 12, 12', in welchen die Holme 4 geführt sind, einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf. FIG. 11 shows a second arrangement of linear actuators 37 to the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3 of the lifting device 1. The insertion chambers 12, 12 'have, in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 10 again a rectangular cross section. In particular, the cavities of the insertion chambers 12, 12 ', in which the spars 4 are guided, have a rectangular cross-section.

Die Holme 4 der Verschiebeträger 3, welche im vorliegenden Fall aus Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen bestehen, weisen einen H-förmigen Querschnitt auf.The spars 4 of the displacement carrier 3, which consist in the present case of carbon fiber composites, have an H-shaped cross-section.

Jeder Holm 4 besteht dabei aus einem Trägerelement 4a und zwei Führungselementen 4b, welche jeweils einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Das Trägerelement 4a erstreckt sich nahezu über die gesamte Höhe des Hohlraumes der jeweiligen Einschubkammer 12, 12', wobei dessen Breite erheblich kleiner als die Breite der Einschubkammer 12, 12' ist. Die ebenen Seitenwände der Trägerelemente 4a liegen somit in Abstand zu den Seitenwänden der entsprechenden Einschubkammer 12, 12'. Dabei verlaufen die Seitenwände des Trägerelements 4a in vertikalen Ebenen parallel zu den Seitenwänden der Einschubkammern 12, 12'. Auf dem oberen und unteren Rand des Trägerelements 4a liegt jeweils ein Führungselement 4b auf, welches in einer horizontalen Ebene liegt und in symmetrischer Weise über die Seitenwände des Trägerelements 4a hervorsteht. Die Oberseite und die Seitenflächen des oberen Führungselements 4b liegen in geringem, konstanten Abstand zu den Innenwänden der Einschubkammern 12, 12'. Ebenso liegen die Unterseite und die Seitenflächen des unteren Führungselements 4b in geringem, konstanten Abstand zu den Innenwänden der Einschubkammer 12, 12'. Die Führungselemente 4b dienen zur Führung des Holmes 4 in der Einschubkammer 12, 12', wobei hierzu die Rollenlagerungen vorgesehen sind, welche in den Ausführungsformen gemäß den Figuren 1- 8 beschrieben sind.Each spar 4 consists of a support element 4a and two guide elements 4b, which each have a rectangular cross-section. The support member 4a extends almost over the entire height of the cavity of the respective insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein its width is considerably smaller than the width of the insertion chamber 12, 12'. The flat side walls of the support elements 4a are thus at a distance from the side walls of the corresponding insertion chamber 12, 12 '. In this case, the side walls of the support element extend 4a in vertical planes parallel to the side walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '. On the upper and lower edge of the support member 4a is in each case a guide element 4b, which lies in a horizontal plane and protrudes in a symmetrical manner over the side walls of the support member 4a. The upper side and the side surfaces of the upper guide element 4b are at a small, constant distance from the inner walls of the insertion chambers 12, 12 '. Likewise, the underside and the side surfaces of the lower guide element 4b are at a small, constant distance from the inner walls of the insertion chamber 12, 12 '. The guide elements 4b are used to guide the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, 12 ', wherein for this purpose the roller bearings are provided which in the embodiments according to the Figures 1-8 are described.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 11 sind die Primärteile 38 der Linearantriebe 37 jeweils an der Innenseite einer Seitenwand der Einschubkammer 12, 12' befestigt. Die als metallische Schienen ausgebildeten Sekundärteile 39 der Linearantriebe 37 sind jeweils an der dem Primärteil 38 zugewandten Seitenfläche des Trägerelements 4a des jeweiligen Holmes 4 befestigt.In the embodiment according to FIG. 11 the primary parts 38 of the linear drives 37 are each attached to the inside of a side wall of the insertion chamber 12, 12 '. The trained as metallic rails secondary parts 39 of the linear actuators 37 are each attached to the primary part 38 facing side surface of the support member 4 a of the respective spar 4.

Um die Sekundärteile 39 jeweils in konstantem Abstand zu dem Primärteil 38 zu halten, sind wie aus Figur 11 ersichtlich Rollenabstandshalter 43 vorgesehen, welche Bestandteil der Rollenlagerungen sind. Die Rollenabstandshalter 43 weisen an den Primärteilen 38 befestigte Haltebügel auf, an deren Unterseiten Laufrollen angebracht sind, welche auf der Seitenwand des Trägerelements 4a abrollen.In order to keep the secondary parts 39 at a constant distance from the primary part 38, they are as shown FIG. 11 roller spacers 43 are provided, which are part of the roller bearings. The roller spacers 43 have retaining clips fastened to the primary parts 38, on the underside of which rollers are mounted which roll on the side wall of the carrier element 4a.

Die Figuren 12 - 15 zeigen Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Hebegeräts 1, welche in der DE 10140 449 ursprünglich offenbart sind.The FIGS. 12-15 show embodiments of the lifting device 1 according to the invention, which in the DE 10140 449 originally disclosed.

Die Figuren 12 und 13 zeigen ein Hebegerät 1, dessen Aufbau im Wesentlichen dem Aufbau des Hebegeräts 1 gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 entspricht Das Hebegerät 1 weist insbesondere wiederum zwei an einem Hauptrahmen 2 verschiebbar gelagerte Verschiebeträger 3 auf, wobei die Verschiebeträger 3 jeweils zwei parallel verlaufende Holme 4 aufweisen. Jeder Holm 4 ist dabei in einer separaten Einschubkammer 12 oder 12' des Hauptrahmens 2 geführt. Jeder Verschiebeträger 3 weist wiederum eine zwischen den Holmen 4 verlaufende, eine Schubstange bildende Energiezuführungsstange 5 auf.The Figures 12 and 13 show a lifting device 1, whose structure essentially the structure of the lifting device 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2 The lifting device 1 in turn in turn has two displaceable on a main frame 2 mounted shift carrier 3, wherein the displacement support 3 each have two parallel spars 4. Each spar 4 is guided in a separate insertion chamber 12 or 12 'of the main frame 2. Each displacement support 3 in turn has a running between the bars 4, forming a push rod energy supply rod 5.

An die freien längsseitigen Enden der Verschiebeträger 3 schließt der Kopfträger 6 an, dessen Längsachse quer zu den Längsachsen der Holme 4 der Verschiebeträger 3 verläuft. An den Enden der Kopfträger 6 befinden sich die Gehäuse 8 mit den Verriegelungszapfen 7 und den nicht gesondert dargestellten Eckeinweisern 9.At the free longitudinal ends of the sliding support 3, the head support 6 connects, the longitudinal axis of which is transverse to the longitudinal axes of the bars 4 of the displacement carrier 3. At the ends of the head support 6 are the housing 8 with the locking pin 7 and the corner nothers 9 not shown separately.

Zur Durchführung der Verschiebebewegung eines Verschiebeträgers 3 sind zwei Trommelmotoren 44 vorgesehen, wobei jeder Motor eine elektrisch getriebene, im Wesentlichen zylindrische Trommel 45 aufweist.To carry out the displacement movement of a displacement support 3, two drum motors 44 are provided, each motor having an electrically driven, substantially cylindrical drum 45.

Jede Trommel 45 ist dabei auf einer Antriebswelle 46 gelagert.Each drum 45 is mounted on a drive shaft 46.

Die Symmetrieachsen der Trommeln 45, in welcher jeweils die Antriebswelle 46 verläuft, verlaufen quer zur Längsrichtung der zugeordneten Energiezuführungsstange 5. Dabei sind die Trommelmotoren 44 beidseits der Energiezuführungsstange 5 gegenüberliegend angeordnet.The axes of symmetry of the drums 45, in each of which the drive shaft 46 extends, extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the associated energy supply rod 5. The drum motors 44 are arranged on both sides of the energy supply rod 5 opposite.

Die Energiezuführungsstange 5 weist einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf. Die Trommel 45 des ersten Trommelmotors 44 liegt auf der Oberseite, die Trommel 45 des zweiten Trommelmotors 44 auf der Unterseite der Energiezuführungsstange 5 auf. Die Trommeln 45 sind mit einer vorgegebenen, durch eine nicht dargestellte Feder erzeugte Federspannung gegen die Energiezuführungsstange 5 gedrückt. Die Trommeln 45 der Trommelmotoren 44 drehen gegenläufig und rollen auf den Oberflächen der Energiezuführungsstange 5 ab, so dass durch die Drehbewegung der Trommeln 45 der Verschiebeträger 3 in Längsrichtung verschoben wird.The energy supply rod 5 has a rectangular cross section. The drum 45 of the first drum motor 44 rests on the upper side, the drum 45 of the second drum motor 44 on the underside of the energy supply rod 5. The drums 45 are pressed against the energy supply rod 5 with a predetermined spring tension generated by a spring, not shown. The drums 45 of the drum motors 44 rotate in opposite directions and roll on the surfaces of the power supply rod 5, so that is displaced by the rotational movement of the drums 45 of the slide carrier 3 in the longitudinal direction.

Dabei ist wesentlich, dass zwischen den Oberflächen der Trommeln 45 und der Energiezuführungsstange 5 hinreichend große Reibungskräfte wirken, so dass die Drehbewegung der Trommeln 45 schlupffrei in eine Translationsbewegung der Energiezuführungsstange 5 umgesetzt wird.It is essential that between the surfaces of the drums 45 and the energy supply rod 5 sufficiently large frictional forces act, so that the rotational movement of the drums 45 is implemented without slip in a translational movement of the energy supply rod 5.

Hierzu ist auf den Mantelflächen der Trommeln 45 ein nicht dargestellter Friktionsbelag aufgebracht. Der Friktionsbelag besteht aus einem verschleißfreien Gummimaterial oder aus einem glasfaserhaltigen Kunststoffgussmaterial.For this purpose, an unillustrated friction lining is applied to the lateral surfaces of the drums 45. The friction lining consists of a wear-resistant rubber material or a glass fiber-containing plastic casting material.

Auf die Ober- und Unterseite der Energiezuführungsstange 5 ist jeweils ein ebenfalls nicht dargestellter, verschleißfreier und friktiver Reibebelag aufgebracht.On the top and bottom of the energy supply rod 5 each also not shown, wear-free and frictional Reibebelag is applied.

Figur 14 zeigt einen im Hauptrahmen 2 des Hebegeräts 1 geführten Verschiebeträger 3, dessen Seitenwände in Form von Fachwerkskonstruktionen bestehend aus horizontal, vertikal und schräg verlaufenden Verstrebungen 47 ausgebildet sind. Durch die zwischen den Verstrebungen 47 liegenden Hohlräume weist dieser Verschiebeträger 3 ein besonders geringes Eigengewicht auf. Durch die Anordnung der Verstrebungen 47 gemäß Figur 14 wird dabei dennoch eine hohe Stabilität erzielt. FIG. 14 shows a guided in the main frame 2 of the lifting device 1 sliding support 3, the side walls are formed in the form of truss structures consisting of horizontally, vertically and obliquely extending struts 47. By lying between the braces 47 cavities, this displacement carrier 3 has a particularly low weight. By the arrangement of the struts 47 according to FIG. 14 Nevertheless, a high stability is achieved.

Diese Vorteile des Verschiebeträgers 3 werden dadurch noch verstärkt, dass der Verschiebeträger 3 aus besonders dichten und dennoch stark belastbaren Materialien bestehtThese advantages of the sliding support 3 are further enhanced by the fact that the displacement support 3 consists of particularly dense and yet highly resilient materials

Insbesondere kann der Verschiebeträger 3 oder wenigstens teilweise aus Glasfaser-Werkstoffen oder Kohlesfaser-Verbundwerkstoffen bestehen. Besonders bevorzugt bestehen unter Zugbelastung stehende Elemente des Verschiebeträgers 3 aus Glasfaser-Werkstoffen, während unter Druckbelastung stehende Elemente des Verschiebeträgers 3 aus Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen bestehen. Dadurch wird eine besonders hohe Stabilität und Belastbarkeit des Verschiebeträgers 3 erzielt.In particular, the displacement carrier 3 or at least partially made of glass fiber materials or carbon fiber composite materials. Particularly preferred are under tensile load standing elements of the sliding support 3 made of fiberglass materials, while under pressure loading elements of the sliding support 3 consist of carbon fiber composites. As a result, a particularly high stability and load capacity of the sliding support 3 is achieved.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Verschiebeträger 3 in einer Hybrid-Sandwich-Bauweise gefertigt. In diesem Fall bestehen die Elemente des Verschiebeträgers 3 aus mehreren Schichten aus Glasfaser-Werkstoffen beziehungsweise Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the displacement support 3 is manufactured in a hybrid sandwich construction. In this case, the elements of the displacement support 3 consist of several layers of glass fiber materials or carbon fiber composite materials.

Figur 15 zeigt einen Ausschnitt eines Holmes 4 eines Verschiebeträgers 3, der in einer Einschubkammer 12 des Hauptrahmens 2 geführt ist. An der Unterseite der Einschubkammer 12 befindet sich eine Rollenlagerung zur Führung des Holmes 4 in der Einschubkammer 12. FIG. 15 shows a section of a spar 4 of a displacement support 3, which is guided in a slide-in chamber 12 of the main frame 2. At the bottom of the insertion chamber 12 is a roller bearing for guiding the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12th

Die Rollenlagerung umfasst in Rollenböcken 48 gelagerte Laufrollen 15, 16, 17, 18, wobei eine in einem Rollenbock 48 gelagerte Laufrolle 16 in Figur 15 dargestellt ist. Die Laufrolle 16 ist im Rollenbock 48 in vertikaler Richtung verschiebbar gelagert. Die Unterseite des Holmes 4 des Verschiebeträgers 3 sitzt auf der Laufrolle 16 auf.The roller bearing comprises roller blocks 15, 16, 17, 18 mounted in roller blocks 48, wherein a roller 16 mounted in a roller block 48 in FIG FIG. 15 is shown. The roller 16 is slidably mounted in the roller block 48 in the vertical direction. The underside of the spar 4 of the displacement support 3 is seated on the roller 16.

Der Laufrolle 16 ist eine Federung zugeordnet, die im Wesentlichen aus einem Federblatt 49 besteht, welches seitlich in Federhaltern 50 gelagert ist. Das Federblatt 49 besteht vorzugsweise aus Stahl und verläuft in horizontaler Richtung. Die Federhalter 50 verlaufen in vertikaler Richtung und stehen von der Unterseite der Einschubkammer 12 nach unten hervor. Auf der Oberseite des Federblattes 49 ist ein Aufsatz 51 vorgesehen, der dicht unterhalb der Laufrolle 16 liegt.The roller 16 is associated with a suspension consisting essentially of a spring leaf 49 which is laterally mounted in spring holders 50. The spring leaf 49 is preferably made of steel and extends in the horizontal direction. The spring holder 50 extend in the vertical direction and project from the bottom of the insertion chamber 12 down. On top of the spring blade 49, a cap 51 is provided, which lies close to the roller 16.

Bei Lasteingriff des Verschiebeträgers 3, insbesondere durch eine stoßartige Bewegung des Verschiebeträgers 3 nach unten, wird die Laufrolle 16 im Rollenbock 48 nach unten gestoßen. Die Federung dämpft und begrenzt die Bewegung. Dabei drückt die Laufrolle 16 gegen den Aufsatz 51, so dass sich das Federblatt 49 wie in Figur 15 gestrichelt dargestellt etwas nach unten durchbiegt.When load engagement of the slide carrier 3, in particular by a jerky movement of the slide carrier 3 down, the roller 16 is pushed in the roller block 48 down. The suspension dampens and limits the movement. The roller 16 presses against the attachment 51, so that the spring leaf 49 as in FIG. 15 shown dashed slightly bent down.

An den Innenseiten der Wände an der Ober- und Unterseite der Einschubkammer 12 ist jeweils ein flächiges Auflageelement 52 vorgesehen. Die Auflageelemente 52 sind gegenüberliegend angeordnet, wobei das untere Auflageelement 52 im Bereich der Rollenlagerung liegt. Die Auflageelemente 52 dienen zur besseren Führung des Holmes 4 in der Einschubkammer 12, wobei die Oberflächen der Holme 4 auf den Auflageelementen aufliegen. Die Auflageelemente 52 bestehen vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff, insbesondere aus Polyethylen.On the inner sides of the walls at the top and bottom of the insertion chamber 12, a flat support element 52 is provided in each case. The support elements 52 are arranged opposite each other, wherein the lower support element 52 is located in the region of the roller bearing. The support elements 52 serve to better guide the spar 4 in the insertion chamber 12, wherein the surfaces of the bars 4 rest on the support elements. The support elements 52 are preferably made of plastic, in particular polyethylene.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(1)(1)
Hebegerätlifting device
(2)(2)
Hauptrahmenmain frame
(3)(3)
Verschiebeträgerdisplacement carrier
(4)(4)
HolmHolm
(4a)(4a)
Trägerelementsupport element
(4b)(4b)
Führungselementguide element
(5)(5)
EnergiezuführungsstangeEnergy supply rod
(6)(6)
Kopfträgerendcarriages
(7)(7)
Verriegelungszapfenlocking pin
(8)(8th)
Gehäusecasing
(9)(9)
EckeinweiserEckeinweiser
(10)(10)
Elektromotorelectric motor
(11)(11)
Zahnriementoothed belt
(12)(12)
Einschubkammerinsertion chamber
(12')(12 ')
Einschubkammerinsertion chamber
(13)(13)
Bohrungdrilling
(14)(14)
Querträgercrossbeam
(15)(15)
Laufrollecaster
(16)(16)
Laufrollecaster
(17)(17)
Laufrollecaster
(18)(18)
Laufrollecaster
(19)(19)
Pufferplattebuffer plate
(19')(19 ')
Pufferplattebuffer plate
(20)(20)
RollenbockRollenbock
(21)(21)
Halterungbracket
(22)(22)
Federfeather
(23)(23)
Stützplattesupport plate
(24)(24)
FederpufferFederpuffer
(25)(25)
KunststoffschichtPlastic layer
(26)(26)
Absatzparagraph
(27)(27)
KunststoffschichtPlastic layer
(28)(28)
KunststofflagerPlastic bearings
(29)(29)
Vorsprunghead Start
(30)(30)
Elektromotorelectric motor
(31)(31)
Kopfträger-SchubstangeEndcarriages push rod
(32)(32)
Lagercamp
(33)(33)
Halterungbracket
(34)(34)
HartstahlplatteHard steel plate
(35)(35)
Pufferbuffer
(36)(36)
Planetengetriebeplanetary gear
(37)(37)
Linearantrieblinear actuator
(38)(38)
Primärteilprimary part
(39)(39)
Sekundärteilsecondary part
(40)(40)
Bremsebrake
(41)(41)
Spiralkabelspiral cable
(42)(42)
AusnehniungAusnehniung
(43)(43)
RollenabstandshalterRole spacer
(44)(44)
Trommelmotordrum motor
(45)(45)
Trommeldrum
(46)(46)
Antriebswelledrive shaft
(47)(47)
Verstrebungenstruts
(48)(48)
RollenbockRollenbock
(49)(49)
Federblattspring leaf
(50)(50)
Federhalterpenholder
(51)(51)
Aufsatzessay
(52)(52)
Auflageelementsupport element

Claims (54)

  1. Lifting apparatus (1) for the transport of a container, with a main frame (2) and two slide beams (3), wherein each slide beam (3) is slidably mounted at a longitudinal-side end of the main frame (2) opening in longitudinal direction of the main frame (2), wherein mounts (7) for coupling to the container are provided at the free longitudinal-side ends of the slide beams (3) and wherein the slide beams (3) are guided in the main frame (2) by means of roller seatings, characterised in that the slide beams (3) and the mounts (7) are driven by means of at least one electric drive (10, 30) and that the slide beams (3) consist of carbon-fibre composite materials.
  2. Lifting apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the electric drive comprises two electric motors (10), wherein each electric motor (10) drives a respective cogged belt (11) disposed in engagement with an energy feed rod (5) at a slide beam (3).
  3. Lifting apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the slide beams (3) are of identical construction and each comprise two parallel spars (4), which extend at a spacing from one another and are guided in push-in chambers (12, 12') of the main frame (2) and between which the energy feed rod (5) of the respective slide beam (3) extends.
  4. Lifting apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that the spars (4) of the slide beams (3) are guided to be respectively laterally offset in the main frame (2), wherein a separate push-in chamber (12, 12') is provided for each spar (4).
  5. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the roller seatings have rollers (15, 16, 17, 18), the axes of rotation of which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the respective slide beam (3).
  6. Lifting apparatus according to claim 5, characterised in that the rollers (15, 16, 17, 18) consist of polypropylene or hard foam material.
  7. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 5 and 6, characterised in that the rollers (15, 16, 17, 18) are resiliently mounted.
  8. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that provided at the rear side, which lies in the main frame (2) of each spar (4) of each slide beam (3) are two rollers (15, 16) arranged oppositely at the spar (4), wherein the first running roller (15) protrudes beyond the upper side of the spar (4) and the second running roller (16) protrudes beyond the lower side of the spar (4) so that these bear against the inner walls of the respective push-in chamber (12, 12').
  9. Lifting apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that the first and second rollers (15, 16) are each seated on a respective roller block (20), wherein the roller block (20) is mounted on a spring (22).
  10. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterised in that provided at each exit of each push-in chamber (12, 12') at which the spar (4) of a slide beam (3) opens is a third roller (17) which is mounted at the lower side of the respective push-in chamber (12, 12') and on which the lower side of the respective spar (4) is guided.
  11. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the first, second and third rollers (15, 16, 17) each extend over the entire width of a spar (4).
  12. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 10 and 11, characterised in that the third rollers (17) are each mounted on a spring buffer (24).
  13. Lifting apparatus according to claim 12, characterised in that the spring buffer (24) consists of 'Vulkullan'.
  14. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that each third roller (17) is associated with a buffer plate (19, 19'), which is arranged opposite thereto at the upper side of the respective push-in chamber (12, 12') for guidance of the respective spar (4).
  15. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 14, characterised in that further rollers (18) for lateral guidance of the respective spar (4) protrude from the inner sides of the side walls of each push-in chamber (12, 12').
  16. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that a respective head beam (6) for mounting of the mounts is adhesively attached on the free longitudinal-side ends of the slide beams (3).
  17. Lifting apparatus according to claim 16, characterised in that 'Vulkollan' layers (25, 27) are provided between a slide beam (3) and the respective head beam (6).
  18. Lifting apparatus according to claim 17, characterised in that at least one 'Vulkollan' layer (27) forming a buffer lies between the lower side of the respective slide beam (3) and a shoulder (26) of the head beam (6).
  19. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterised in that electrically driven locking pins (7) are provided, as mounts, at the free ends which protrude laterally beyond a slide beam (3), of a head beam (6).
  20. Lifting apparatus according to claim 19, characterised in that the locking pins (7) are driven by way of electric motors (30).
  21. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterised in that pivotable, electrically driven corner introducers (9) are provided, as mounts for positioning at a container, at the free ends, which protrude laterally beyond a slide beam (3), of a head beam (6).
  22. Lifting apparatus according to claim 21, characterised in that planetary gears (36) are provided for execution of the pivot movements of the corner introducers (9).
  23. Lifting apparatus according to claim 22, characterised in that rotary magnets are provided for execution of the pivot movements of the corner introducers (9).
  24. Lifting apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one linear drive (37) is provided for the drive of each slide beam (3).
  25. Lifting apparatus according to claim 24, characterised in that each spar (4) of the slide beams (3) is driven by way of a separate linear drive (37).
  26. Lifting apparatus according to claim 25, characterised in that each linear drive (37) comprises a primary part (38) arranged in stationary position at the push-in chamber (12, 12') associated with the spar (4) and a secondary part constructed as a metallic rail and extending in longitudinal direction of the respective spar (4).
  27. Lifting apparatus according to claim 26, characterised in that each secondary part (39) extends over the entire length of a slide beam (3).
  28. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 26 and 27, characterised in that the mutually facing surfaces of the primary part (38) and the second part (39) are held at a constant spacing from one another by means of roller spacers (43).
  29. Lifting apparatus according to claim 28, characterised in that the roller spacers (43) are a component of the roller seatings.
  30. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 24 to 29, characterised in that a fixing device is provided for fixing a slide beam (3) in a predetermined slide position.
  31. Lifting apparatus according to claim 30, characterised in that the fixing device is formed by a brake (40) acting on the energy feed rod (5) of the respective slide beam (3).
  32. Lifting apparatus according to claim 31, characterised in that the brake (40) is formed by a shoe brake.
  33. Lifting apparatus according to claim 24 to 32, characterised in that each spar (4) of a slide beam (3) has a rectangular cross-section, the cross-sectional area of which is matched to the cross-sectional area of the cavity of the associated push-in chamber (12, 12'), and that the primary part (38) of a linear drive (37) is inserted into a recess (42) in a side wall of a push-in chamber (12, 12') so that the primary part (38) is opposite the secondary part (39), which is arranged at a side wall of the spar (4), of the linear drive (37).
  34. Lifting apparatus according to claim 24 to 32, characterised in that each spar (4) has an H-shaped cross-section and consists of a beam element (4a) and two guide elements (4b), wherein the side walls, which extend in vertical planes, of the beam element (4a) lie at a spacing from the side walls, which extend parallel thereto, of the associated push-in chamber (12, 12'), and wherein the guide elements (4b) are respectively seated on the upper side and lower side of the beam element (4a) so that these protrude beyond the side walls of the beam element (4a) and bear tightly against the inner sides of the push-in chamber (12, 12').
  35. Lifting apparatus according to claim 34, characterised in that the beam element (4a) and the guide elements (4b) of a spar (4) each have a rectangular cross-section.
  36. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 34 and 35, characterised in that the widths of the guide elements (4b) are matched to the width of the push-in chamber (12, 12').
  37. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 34 to 36, characterised in that the primary part (38) of the electric motor (30) is arranged at the inner side of the side wall of the push-in chamber (12, 12') and that the secondary part (39) is arranged at a side wall of the beam element (4a) to extend in the longitudinal direction thereof.
  38. Lifting apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the electric drives are constructed as drum motors (44) and that each slide beam (3) has an energy feed rod (5) firmly clamped between two drums (45) of two drum motors, wherein the energy feed rod (5) is displaceable by rotation of the drums (45).
  39. Lifting apparatus according to claim 38, characterised in that the energy feed rod (5) has a planar upper side and lower side, on each of which the drive (45) of a respective drum motor (44) can roll along.
  40. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 38 and 39, characterised in that a friction lining is applied to the circumferential surface of the drums (45) of the drum motors (44).
  41. Lifting apparatus according to claim 40, characterised in that the friction lining consists of a wear-free rubber material or of a cast plastics material containing glass fibre.
  42. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 39 to 41, characterised in that a friction lining is applied to the upper side and lower side of each energy feed rod (5).
  43. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 38 to 42, characterised in that the drums (45) of the drum motors (44) are pressed against the energy feed rod (5) by means of spring stresses.
  44. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 38 to 43, characterised in that the walls of the slide beams (3) are constructed at least in sections in the form of a framework construction.
  45. Lifting apparatus according to claim 44, characterised in that at least elements of a slide beam (3) consist of glass-fibre materials.
  46. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 44 and 45, characterised in that at least elements of a slide beam (3) are constructed in the form of hybrid sandwich elements consisting of layers of glass-fibre materials and carbon-fibre composite materials.
  47. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 44 to 46, characterised in that elements, which stand under tension loading, of the slide beam (3) consist of glass-fibre materials and elements, which stand under compression loading, of the slide beam (3) consist of carbon-fibre composite materials.
  48. Lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 38 to 47, characterised in that roller blocks (48) in which the rollers of the roller seatings are displaceably mounted are provided at the main frame (2).
  49. Lifting apparatus according to claim 48, characterised in that leaf springs (49) against which the rollers of the roller seatings are pressed by a slide beam (3) under the action of a load are provided at the roller blocks (48).
  50. Lifting apparatus according to claim 49, characterised in that each leaf spring (49) is mounted between two spring holders (50).
  51. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 49 and 50, characterised in that the slide beams (3) comprise spars (4) which are guided in push-in chambers (12, 12'), wherein the leaf springs (49) are arranged at the lower sides of the push-in chambers (12, 12').
  52. Lifting apparatus according to claim 51, characterised in that area support elements (52) for guidance of the spars (4) of the slide beams (3) are provided at the inner walls of the push-in chambers (12, 12').
  53. Lifting apparatus according to claim 52, characterised in that the support elements (52) are arranged in pairs at opposite inner sides of the push-in chambers (12, 12').
  54. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 52 and 53, characterised in that the support elements (52) consist of plastics material.
EP01984886A 2001-01-18 2001-12-22 Lifting device Expired - Lifetime EP1351877B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10101986A DE10101986B4 (en) 2001-04-20 2001-01-18 lifting device
DE10101986 2001-01-18
DE2001119273 DE10119273B4 (en) 2001-01-18 2001-04-20 lifting device
DE10119273 2001-04-20
DE2001140449 DE10140449B4 (en) 2001-01-18 2001-08-17 lifting device
DE10140449 2001-08-17
PCT/EP2001/015297 WO2002057175A1 (en) 2001-01-18 2001-12-22 Lifting device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1351877A1 EP1351877A1 (en) 2003-10-15
EP1351877B1 true EP1351877B1 (en) 2008-10-08

Family

ID=27214239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01984886A Expired - Lifetime EP1351877B1 (en) 2001-01-18 2001-12-22 Lifting device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20030168871A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1351877B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2398037A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002057175A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002057175A1 (en) 2002-07-25
US20030168871A1 (en) 2003-09-11
CA2398037A1 (en) 2002-07-25
EP1351877A1 (en) 2003-10-15

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