EP1335819B1 - Dosing hopper for producing boards comprising oriented chips - Google Patents

Dosing hopper for producing boards comprising oriented chips Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1335819B1
EP1335819B1 EP01976308A EP01976308A EP1335819B1 EP 1335819 B1 EP1335819 B1 EP 1335819B1 EP 01976308 A EP01976308 A EP 01976308A EP 01976308 A EP01976308 A EP 01976308A EP 1335819 B1 EP1335819 B1 EP 1335819B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor
hopper
dosing
vertical
belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01976308A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1335819A1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Graf
Lutz Wolf
Günter NATUS
Karl Heinz KÖHLER
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Dieffenbacher GmbH and Co KG
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Dieffenbacher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1335819A1 publication Critical patent/EP1335819A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
    • B27N3/143Orienting the particles or fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dosing hopper for producing plates with oriented chips according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • OSB oriented structural board
  • LSL laminated strand lumber
  • the chips or wood chips (strands) used for this purpose ideally have a length-to-width ratio of 10: 1.
  • the elongated wood chips usually have lengths of 80 to 200 mm, a width of 10 to 40 mm and a thickness of 0.4 to 1 mm.
  • the wood chips after gluing are often placed in almost conventional dosing bunkers for the production of conventional chipboard and only in the spreading head with special spreading devices are oriented on the forming tape.
  • Such a dosing hopper for the production of conventional chipboard is known from the specialist book by Deppe / Ernst, Taschenbuch der Spanplatteentechnik, 3rd edition 1991, page 155.
  • There is a horizontal dosing hopper in which the material flow is entered at the top via a screw conveyor.
  • the screw conveyor continuously distributes the chips or chips over the entire width of the bunker by means of a horizontal swiveling process.
  • a floor conveyor is provided on the bunker floor, onto which the chips or wood chips are applied and which continuously conveys the entire chip layer to a discharge opening with a small feed.
  • a combing device is provided at the top of the bunker, by means of which a constant filling level is generated by scraping rakes.
  • discharge rollers are arranged over the entire height of the chute, which mill the chips or chips brought up by the base belt and convey them into the discharge opening to the spreading head.
  • areas with wood chips that are layered in parallel and areas formed into balls are formed in the filling height, which have quite different material densities.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a metering bunker for producing OSB or LSL plates from which the most uniform discharge quantities can be discharged into the spreading head over the entire width.
  • the invention has the advantage that the pre-oriented transverse distribution in the metering bunker forms a uniform supply quantity over the entire width of the bunker, which is available for discharge in the spreading head, which enables a uniform spreading of the wood chips on a forming belt.
  • the layered placement of the oriented wood chips for discharge no special dissolving and leveling agents are necessary, so that a uniform, gentle material discharge into the spreading head can advantageously be achieved with simple conveying means.
  • the invention also has the advantage that the layered storage of the elongated wood chips in the dosing bunker and their unimpeded further transport hardly increases the proportion of fines in the bunker, so that OSB or LSL panels with maximum strength values can be produced.
  • a vertical dosing hopper 1 with orientation rollers 7 as an orientation device and a swivel conveyor 4 with storage pockets 9 is shown schematically, which distributes the oriented elongated flat wood chips (strands) in a vertical filling space 3 evenly over the bunker width.
  • the invention proposes a metering bunker 1 with an oriented entry, so that the elongated wood chips in the metering bunker 1 are temporarily stored in orderly layers without any significant fluctuations in density and are therefore easily detachable and evenly removable.
  • the elongated wood chips are therefore one of a trough above the dosing hopper 1 Screw conveyor 5 initially placed on two or more opening rollers 6, which are intended to dissolve any clumps or hooks.
  • coarse-meshed cage rollers or spiked rollers with a few elastic spikes are preferably provided, through which the loose wood chips can fall through almost without braking and without damage.
  • orientation rollers 7 are provided below the opening rollers 6, in the slots of which the elongated wood chips slide in transversely to the conveying direction.
  • the orientation rollers 7 consist of a continuous drive shaft, around which star plates are provided. The distances between the transverse sheets represent tapering slots which are only wide enough for the chips to slide in only in a Guer oriented manner.
  • the orientation rollers 7 could also be arranged in the conveying direction, so that the elongated wood chips would be oriented lengthways. For longitudinal orientation, however, disc rollers can also be used, through the slots of which the elongated wood chips would be aligned in the longitudinal direction.
  • a swiveling conveyor belt 4 is arranged below the orienting rolls 7 as a swiveling conveyor, onto which the pre-oriented wood chips are fed by the orienting rolls 7.
  • the conveyor belt is provided with cross bars 8 or cross plates, which form conveyor pockets 9 between the individual bars 8.
  • the distances between the crosspieces 8 or cross plates are dimensioned such that the wood chips can only be inserted in their transverse orientation in the conveyor pockets 9, so that the transverse orientation on the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is maintained.
  • the conveyor belt could also be provided with longitudinal webs which only take up the wood chips in the longitudinal direction.
  • the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is pivotally and horizontally pivotable at its feed area and lowered obliquely downwards to the horizontal in the conveying direction.
  • the discharge end of the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is arranged immersed in the vertical filling space 3.
  • the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is connected to a known swiveling drive, not shown, which swivels the relatively narrow conveyor belt 4 of maximum 1 m width back and forth over the entire width of the bunker.
  • the bunker width corresponds approximately to the spreading width, which is usually two to four meters.
  • the transverse distribution of the elongated wood chips could also take place by means of a parallel conveyor, which is continuously moved back and forth across the bunker width parallel to the conveying direction.
  • This parallel conveyor could also be designed as a belt conveyor, which would be mounted transversely displaceable to the conveying direction on its material feed side and its material discharge side.
  • Two parallel linear drives, such as spindle drives, could be connected to these bearing points, which continuously move the conveyor back and forth across the width of the bunker. Although this would be mechanically more complex, it would leave the placement angle of the elongated wood chips unchanged over the course of the bunker width.
  • a belt scale 23 is provided in the swiveling conveyor belt 4, by means of which the conveying strength of the wood chips being conveyed is determined.
  • the transversely oriented wood chips can be deposited in a weight-metered manner over the entire width of the dosing hopper 1 or the vertical filling space 3. It is envisaged that the same amount of wood chips should always be deposited over the entire width of the bunker, so that the vertical filling chamber 3 is filled evenly. For this reason, a constant delivery rate (t / h) is specified at which the belt speed can be readjusted in the event of a deviation from the target weight, the swiveling speed remaining constant.
  • a given delivery rate (t / h) could also be regulated via the swivel speed. Since the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is inclined in the conveying direction, the inclination of the conveyor belt 4 is detected by a tilt sensor in the case of the weight-metered discharge or is taken into account by calculation at a constant tilt angle. For this purpose, an evaluation device, not shown, is provided, by means of which both the belt loading and the belt speed are detected. In the event of a deviation from the specified conveying strength or from the target weight, the belt speed of the conveyor belt 4 or the swiveling speed is adjusted accordingly.
  • the distance of the discharge point of the conveyor belt 4 from the depositing point in the vertical filling space 3 should not exceed a certain height distance. It is therefore provided that the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is adjustable in the conveying direction 10, so that it can plunge more or less deeply into the vertical filling space 3. This can be carried out in a simple manner with a lifting cylinder or a spindle drive. For this purpose, additional fill level sensors, not shown, are provided, which maintain a constant distance from the wood chip surface in the vertical fill chamber 3 by means of a program-controlled evaluation device.
  • the vertical filling space 3 consists in its filling area of an upper filling shaft 11, which consists of rigid parallel side walls 12, 25 which run across the entire width of the bunker. These are attached to the front of the bunker outer wall and form a tightly enclosed one Filling chamber 11. Below this upper filling shaft 11 there is a vertical conveyor shaft 13, which essentially consists of two vertically arranged discharge conveyor belts 14, 15, which undergo a horizontal deflection 16, 20 in their lower region. These belts 14, 15 extend over the entire width of the bunker and, with the end walls of the dosing bunker 1, form an enclosed conveyor shaft 13 which conveys the contents of the bunker continuously to a discharge opening 24.
  • the conveyor shaft 13 could, however, also be formed from only one discharge conveyor belt 14 and an opposite rigid side wall.
  • the two discharge belts 14, 15 are each an endless belt which is arranged between three deflection rollers 16, 19, 20, which are arranged approximately like the end points of a right-angled triangle.
  • the two conveyor belts 14, 15 each connect to the lower point of the side walls 12, 25 of the upper filling shaft 11 and thus form its extension.
  • the two discharge belts 14, 15 are arranged so that they have different roller spacings.
  • the roller spacings are provided so that both a vertical 13 and a horizontal conveyor shaft 18 are formed between the two conveyor belts 14, 15.
  • the directed wood chips are conveyed to a discharge opening 24 in these deflected shafts 13, 18.
  • the vertical conveyor shaft 13 is designed as a clamping section in which the shaft can be narrowed downwards at least on an inner side surface. This is achieved in that the lower discharge belt 15 rests only loosely on its support rollers 17 and the shaft width is adjustable with a horizontally adjustable tensioning roller 16. Due to the narrowing of the shaft width, the layers of the oriented wood chips are clamped laterally so that they are carried along in the conveying direction by the movement of the discharge belts 14, 15 become. It is thereby achieved at the same time that the individual layers in the lower region of the vertical conveyor shaft 13 are not significantly compressed by the fill level, so that an easily detachable bed in the vertical shaft 13 is retained.
  • the vertical conveyor shaft 13 can be closed with the aid of the tensioning roller 16 in the deflection area to such an extent that the two discharge belts 14, 15 lie slightly against one another with their inner walls. This prevents the newly filled wood chips from slipping through to the discharge opening 24. At the same time, the vertical shaft 13 is reduced to such an extent that the discharge height is only so great that an oriented depositing in the vertical conveyor shaft 13 remains guaranteed.
  • the level is detected by the level sensors and transmitted to the evaluation device. This controls the tracking of the swivel conveyor belt 4 in the conveying direction 10, so that the distance to the fill level remains the same until a predetermined fill level is reached.
  • the adjustable tensioning roller 16 loosens the belt tension until a predetermined clamping effect is achieved.
  • the lower shaft width can be increased so that it corresponds to the shaft width of the upper filling shaft 11.
  • the material delivery rate to be filled is increased until an intended total filling height in the vertical filling chamber 3 is reached.
  • This nominal fill level is detected by the fill level sensors, the feed rate being regulated by the evaluation device when the nominal fill level is reached so that the bunker 1 is always filled up to the nominal fill level.
  • the level sensors can be arranged on the front of the bunker so that they also cross the level to the width of the bunker.
  • the swiveling conveyor belt 4 can also be arranged horizontally and transversely to the width of the bunker and thus longitudinally to the forming belt, so that a constant filling level can also be maintained transversely to the width of the bunker.
  • the lower tensioning roller 16 of the lower discharge belt 15 and the upper tensioning roller 20 of the upper discharge belt 14 deflect the vertical discharge flow into a horizontal discharge flow. This advantageously prevents the vertical material flow from slipping through to the discharge opening during discharge operation. At the same time, a loosening of the compaction effect is achieved, so that a gentle, uniform discharge into the spreading head is made possible.
  • the vertical filling space 3 could, however, also be formed by two parallel conveyor belts which are directed towards two horizontal conveyor belts which then form the horizontal filling shaft. However, a cellular wheel sluice could also be provided below the vertical filling space 13, through which the oriented wood chips are discharged into the spreading head in the manner of the orientation rollers.
  • the horizontal discharge stream in the horizontal conveyor shaft 18 represents a jamming-free filling section which forms a horizontal supply.
  • This horizontal filling section 18 serves primarily to bring about a uniform discharge behavior. This is primarily achieved in that the deflection loosens the vertical stratification, so that a uniformly dispensable material flow is established in the horizontal shaft 18.
  • the belt speed of the two discharge belts 14, 15 can be regulated.
  • the belt speed of both discharge belts is regulated so that they have a constant discharge speed ensure in the shafts 13, 18 so that the pre-orientation is not changed and material circulation in the shafts 13, 18 does not occur as far as possible.
  • a belt scale 22 is preferably provided at the belt end of the horizontal conveyor shaft 18, by means of which the discharge quantity can be regulated via the discharge belt speed.
  • the vertical bunker 1 ensures careful storage and even weight-metered discharge of the elongated wood chips, so that they can develop their maximum strength in the OSB or LSL panels to be spread and are not impaired by the proportion of fine material that has arisen.
  • the entry device 2 arranged in the vertical bunker 1 could, however, also be provided in a separate device part above the bunker housing if this is possible and advantageously feasible for constructional reasons.
  • a horizontal bunker 30 with orientation rollers 7 as an orientation device and a swivel conveyor 4 with storage pockets 9 is shown schematically, which places the flat, elongated wood chips (strands) oriented on a horizontal filling section 32 evenly over the bunker width.
  • the horizontal bunker 30 essentially consists of an entry device 31 and a horizontal filling section 32, which is formed from a bottom belt 33.
  • a screw conveyor 5 is arranged, which feeds the glued elongated wood chips (strands) from a gluing mixer.
  • This screw conveyor 5 corresponds to the screw conveyor according to FIG. 1 of the drawing, wherein the same reference numerals have been used for the similar parts in FIG. 2 of the drawing.
  • the entry device 31 essentially consists of the orientation rollers 7 and a swivel conveyor 4.
  • the elongated wood chips for the production of OSB or LSL boards are first placed on at least two opening rollers 6 and the orientation rollers 7 arranged underneath.
  • the swivel conveyor 4 is arranged, which is formed from a conveyor belt provided with pockets 9. Instead of a swivel conveyor 4, a parallel conveyor could also be provided.
  • the horizontal bunker 30 extends over the entire width of the spreading head, which can be up to four meters.
  • the swivel conveyor 4 on the other hand, only has a maximum width of one meter and is continuously swiveled horizontally back and forth over the entire width of the dosing hopper 30 and thereby distributes the wood chips introduced uniformly over the width of the bunker 30.
  • the swiveling speed is a multiple of the discharge speed, so that the oriented wood chips are layered on top of each other.
  • the swivel conveyor 4 is arranged horizontally above the filling section 32 and conveys the oriented wood chips against the discharge direction 34 to the filling section.
  • the swivel conveyor 4 can also be inclined with respect to the horizontal, so that the oriented wood chips can be deposited in the lower region of the filling section 32 in the start-up mode.
  • fill level sensors (not shown) are provided, which record the fill height on the side surfaces across the bunker width.
  • the inclination of the pivoting conveyor 4 can be readjusted by means of the level sensors and a predetermined distance from the level.
  • the swivel conveyor 4 is only readjusted until one predetermined target level in the bunker 30 is reached. After reaching this predetermined desired filling level, the bottom belt 33 can be controlled so that the filling layer is conveyed to the discharge opening 41.
  • the swivel conveyor 4 can also be arranged such that it is also adjustable in the conveying direction 34.
  • a spindle drive 42 is provided, by means of which the swivel conveyor 4 can be displaced longitudinally in the conveying direction 34.
  • a belt scale 24 is provided near the discharge end, which detects the weight of the conveyed wood chips.
  • the belt speed is regulated so that the wood chips are distributed over the width of the dosing hopper 30 with a constant flow rate (t / h), so that a uniform filling quantity on the filling section 32 over the entire floor width results with a predeterminable discharge quantity.
  • a program or processor-controlled evaluation device is provided, as is used in known dosing belt scales.
  • the base band 33 essentially consists of an elongated horizontal part 35 and a shortened vertical part 36, which are formed by three deflection rollers 37, 38, 39 arranged like a triangle. Due to the lower horizontally adjustable tensioning and deflecting roller 38, the bottom band 33 can be tensioned to different degrees. As a result, the belt can be shortened so much in the start-up mode that in the storage area 40 of the wood chips the loosely resting discharge belt 33 is so inclined relative to the vertical that the wood chips are largely oriented in the storage area 40 on the discharge belt 33 can be filed. This results in an orderly storage possibility in the horizontal bunker 30 even during the start-up operation, so that a uniform filling height with oriented wood chips builds up, which is then conveyed to the discharge opening 41 by means of a predetermined discharge speed.
  • a belt scale 22 is provided in the bottom belt 33 at the discharge end, with the aid of which a provided discharge amount can be regulated via the belt speed of the bottom belt. Due to the oriented and thus uniform entry of the elongated wood chips over the entire bunker width, a uniform discharge into the spreading head is possible without an additional volume-oriented transverse distribution in the dosing bunker 30 being necessary.
  • the discharge conveying strength of the swivel conveyor 4 or of the parallel metering device can also be regulated via the discharge belt scale 22 by means of an evaluation device.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Dosierbunker zur Herstellung von Platten mit orientierten Spänen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a dosing hopper for producing plates with oriented chips according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Unter OSB (oriented structural board) und LSL (Laminated Strand Lumber) versteht man allgemein die Technik der Spanorientierung zur Herstellung von Bauspanplatten mit höheren Festigkeitswerten. Die hierzu verwendeten Späne bzw. Holzschnitzel (strands) weisen im Idealfall ein Längen-Breiten-Verhältnis von 10:1 auf. Dabei besitzen die länglichen Holzschnitzel meist Längen von 80 bis 200 mm, eine Breite von 10 bis 40 mm und eine Dicke von 0,4 bis 1 mm. Bei der Herstellung derartiger OSB- oder LSL-Platten werden die Holzschnitzel nach der Beleimung häufig in nahezu üblichen Dosierbunkern zur Herstellung von herkömmlichen Spanplatten eingebracht und erst im Streukopf mit speziellen Streuvorrichtungen orientiert auf das Formband gestreut.OSB (oriented structural board) and LSL (laminated strand lumber) generally mean the technique of chip orientation for the production of chipboard with higher strength values. The chips or wood chips (strands) used for this purpose ideally have a length-to-width ratio of 10: 1. The elongated wood chips usually have lengths of 80 to 200 mm, a width of 10 to 40 mm and a thickness of 0.4 to 1 mm. In the production of such OSB or LSL boards, the wood chips after gluing are often placed in almost conventional dosing bunkers for the production of conventional chipboard and only in the spreading head with special spreading devices are oriented on the forming tape.

Ein derartiger Dosierbunker zur Herstellung herkömmlicher Spanplatten ist aus dem Fachbuch von Deppe/Ernst, Taschenbuch der Spanplattentechnik, 3. Auflage 1991, Seite 155 bekannt. Dort ist ein Horizontaldosierbunker dargestellt, bei dem der Materialstrom über einen Schneckenförderer oben eingetragen wird. Durch einen horizontalen Schwenkvorgang verteilt der Schneckenförderer die Späne oder Schnitzel kontinuierlich über die gesamte Bunkerbreite. Am Bunkerboden ist ein Bodenband vorgesehen, auf das die Späne bzw. Holzschnitzel aufgebracht werden und das die gesamte Späneschicht mit einem geringen Vorschub kontinuierlich zu einer Austragsöffnung befördert.Such a dosing hopper for the production of conventional chipboard is known from the specialist book by Deppe / Ernst, Taschenbuch der Spanplatteentechnik, 3rd edition 1991, page 155. There is a horizontal dosing hopper, in which the material flow is entered at the top via a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor continuously distributes the chips or chips over the entire width of the bunker by means of a horizontal swiveling process. A floor conveyor is provided on the bunker floor, onto which the chips or wood chips are applied and which continuously conveys the entire chip layer to a discharge opening with a small feed.

Damit eine möglichst gleichmäßige Menge in den Streukopf ausgetragen wird, ist oben im Bunker eine Rückkämmvorrichtung vorgesehen, durch die eine konstante Füllhöhe durch Rückstreifrechen erzeugt wird. Oberhalb der Austragsöffnung sind über der gesamten Schütthöhe Austragswalzen angeordnet, die die durch das Bodenband herangeführten Späne bzw. Schnitzel abfräsen und in die Austragsöffnung zum Streukopf befördern. Bei den ungeordnet in den Dosierbunker eingebrachten länglichen Holzschnitzeln zur Herstellung von LSL- oder OSB-Platten bilden sich in der Füllhöhe Bereiche mit parallel geschichteten und Bereiche zu Knäuel gebildeten Holzschnitzeln, die recht unterschiedliche Materialdichten aufweisen. Diese unterschiedlichen Schichtungsmuster weisen sehr unterschiedliche Austragscharakteristiken auf, da die zu einem Knäuel zusammengeschlossenen Holzschichten einen höheren Anpreßdruck gegen die Austragswalzen benötigen als die parallel geschichteten Holzschichten. Dadurch kommt es wegen der Elastizität der Schüttung bei der Verwendung von langgestreckten Holzschnitzeln teilweise zu einem pulsierenden Austrag, der zu einer ungleichmäßigen Streukopfbeschickung führt und die Streuung auf das Formband nachteilig beeinflussen kann.So that the most uniform amount possible is discharged into the spreading head, a combing device is provided at the top of the bunker, by means of which a constant filling level is generated by scraping rakes. Above the discharge opening, discharge rollers are arranged over the entire height of the chute, which mill the chips or chips brought up by the base belt and convey them into the discharge opening to the spreading head. In the case of the elongated wood chips for the production of LSL or OSB boards, which are introduced into the metering bunker in a disordered manner, areas with wood chips that are layered in parallel and areas formed into balls are formed in the filling height, which have quite different material densities. These different stratification patterns have very different discharge characteristics, since the wood layers joined to form a ball require a higher contact pressure against the discharge rollers than the wood layers layered in parallel. Because of the elasticity of the fill, when using elongated wood chips, there is sometimes a pulsating discharge, which leads to uneven spreading head loading and can adversely affect the spreading on the forming belt.

Aus dem Fachbuch von Deppe/Ernst, Seite 256 ist bereits ein Streukopf zur Herstellung von OSB-Platten mit einem als Dosierbunker wirkenden Füllraum bekannt, in dem die Holzschnitzel bzw. "Strands" durch Walzenpaare vororientiert eingebracht werden. Die vororientierten langgestreckten Holzschnitzel werden dann durch ein schräg nach oben angeordnetes Überwurfband aus dem Füllraum ausgetragen. Dabei wird offenbar eine konstante Breitenverteilung durch zwei Egalisierungswalzen erreicht, die die ungleichmäßige Höhenverteilung auf dem Überwurfband auf eine konstante Förderhöhe zurückkämmen. Allerdings werden dadurch die Holzschnitzel wieder ungeordnet in den Füllraum zurückgeworfen, so daß ein Großteil der länglichen Holzschnitzel danach nur noch ungeordnet austragbar sind.From the specialist book by Deppe / Ernst, page 256, a spreading head for the production of OSB boards with a filling chamber acting as a metering bunker is already known, in which the wood chips or "strands" are introduced in a pre-oriented manner by pairs of rollers. The pre-oriented, elongated wood chips are then discharged from the filling space by means of a union belt arranged obliquely upwards. A constant width distribution is apparently achieved by two leveling rollers, which comb the uneven height distribution on the union belt back to a constant conveying height. However, the wood chips are thereby thrown back into the filling space in a disordered manner, so that a large part of the elongated wood chips can then only be discharged in a disordered manner.

Dadurch können über die Breite des Bunkers auch Bereiche mit parallel geschichteten Lagen oder ungeordnete Knäuel entstehen, die zumindest über die Breite zu einem ungleichmäßigen Austrag führen. Auch wenn nach dem Überwurfband noch eine Waage mit nachfolgenden Walzenpaaren zur Vororientierung der Holzspäne und ein weiteres Förderband zum Austrag vorgesehen ist, kann dadurch auch nicht nachträglich wieder eine gleichmäßige Querverteilung erreicht werden.As a result, areas with layers layered in parallel or disordered balls can be created over the width of the bunker, which lead to an uneven discharge at least over the width. Even if a scale with subsequent roller pairs for the pre-orientation of the wood chips and a further conveyor belt for discharge are provided after the throw-over belt, a uniform transverse distribution cannot be achieved subsequently.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Dosierbunker zur Herstellung von OSB- oder LSL-Platten zu schaffen, aus dem über die gesamte Breite möglichst gleichmäßige Austragsmengen in den Streukopf austragbar sind.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a metering bunker for producing OSB or LSL plates from which the most uniform discharge quantities can be discharged into the spreading head over the entire width.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst. Weiterbildungen und vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1. Further developments and advantageous exemplary embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung hat den Vorteil, daß durch die vororientierte Querverteilung im Dosierbunker eine gleichmäßige Vorratsmenge über die gesamte Bunkerbreite gebildet wird, die zum Austrag in dem Streukopf zur Verfügung steht, wodurch eine gleichmäßige Streuung der Holzschnitzel auf ein Formband ermöglicht wird. Gleichzeitig sind durch die schichtweise Ablage der orientierten Holzschnitzel zum Austrag keine speziellen Auflösund Egalisierungsmittel mehr notwendig, so daß vorteilhafterweise mit einfachen Fördermitteln ein gleichmäßiger schonender Materialaustrag in den Streukopf erreichbar ist.The invention has the advantage that the pre-oriented transverse distribution in the metering bunker forms a uniform supply quantity over the entire width of the bunker, which is available for discharge in the spreading head, which enables a uniform spreading of the wood chips on a forming belt. At the same time, due to the layered placement of the oriented wood chips for discharge, no special dissolving and leveling agents are necessary, so that a uniform, gentle material discharge into the spreading head can advantageously be achieved with simple conveying means.

Die Erfindung hat weiterhin den Vorteil, daß durch die geschichtete Ablage der länglichen Holzschnitzel im Dosierbunker und deren ungehinderter Weitertransport der Feingutanteil im Bunker kaum erhöht wird, wodurch OSB- oder LSL-Platten mit maximalen Festigkeitswerten herstellbar sind.The invention also has the advantage that the layered storage of the elongated wood chips in the dosing bunker and their unimpeded further transport hardly increases the proportion of fines in the bunker, so that OSB or LSL panels with maximum strength values can be produced.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels, das in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist, näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
einen Vertikaldosierbunker mit einer Vororientierungsvorrichtung und einem Schwenkförderer, und
Fig. 2:
einen Horizontaldosierbunker mit einer Vororientierungsvorrichtung und einem Schwenkförderer..
The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1:
a vertical dosing hopper with a pre-orientation device and a swivel conveyor, and
Fig. 2:
a horizontal dosing hopper with a pre-orientation device and a swivel conveyor ..

In Fig. l der Zeichnung ist ein Vertikaldosierbunker 1 mit Orientierungswalzen 7 als Orientierungsvorrichtung und einem Schwenkförderer 4 mit Ablagetaschen 9 schematisch dargestellt, der die orientierten länglichen flachen Holzschnitzel (Strands) orientiert in einen Vertikalfüllraum 3 gleichmäßig über die Bunkerbreite verteilt.In Fig. 1 of the drawing, a vertical dosing hopper 1 with orientation rollers 7 as an orientation device and a swivel conveyor 4 with storage pockets 9 is shown schematically, which distributes the oriented elongated flat wood chips (strands) in a vertical filling space 3 evenly over the bunker width.

Bei der Herstellung von OSB- oder LSL-Platten werden beleimte langgestreckte flache Holzschnitzel (Strands) mit einer Länge von 80 bis 200 mm, einer Breite von 10 bis 40 mm und einer Dicke von 0,4 bis 1 mm zu Holzwerkstoffplatten verarbeitet. Diese Holzschnitzel werden über einen Schneckenförderer 5 vom Beleimungsmischer zum Dosierbunker 1 herangeführt. Die Holzschnitzel kommen dabei ungeordnet und kontinuierlich aus dem Trog des Schneckenförderers 5 und sollen möglichst unbeschädigt zu einem orientierten Vlies auf ein Formband gestreut werden. Denn durch die Beschädigung der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel würde die Biegefestigkeit beeinträchtigt oder der dadurch entstandene erhöhte Feingutanteil müßte zusätzlich ausgesondert werden. Deshalb schlägt die Erfindung einen Dosierbunker 1 mit einem orientierten Eintrag vor, so daß die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel im Dosierbunker 1 möglichst in geordneten Schichtungen ohne nennenswerte Dichteschwankungen zwischengespeichert werden und deshalb leicht lösbar und gleichmäßig austragbar sind. Die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel werden deshalb oberhalb des Dosierbunkers 1 aus einem Trog eines Schneckenförderers 5 zunächst auf zwei oder mehrere Auflösewalzen 6 aufgegeben, die eventuelle Verklumpungen oder Verhakungen auflösen sollen. Dazu werden vorzugsweise grobmaschige Käfigwalzen oder Stachelwalzen mit wenigen elastischen Stacheln vorgesehen, durch die die losen Holzschnitzel nahezu ungebremst und beschädigungsfrei hindurchfallen können.In the production of OSB or LSL boards, glued, elongated, flat wood chips (strands) with a length of 80 to 200 mm, a width of 10 to 40 mm and a thickness of 0.4 to 1 mm are processed into wood-based boards. These wood chips are fed from the glue mixer to the dosing hopper 1 via a screw conveyor 5. The wood chips come out of the trough of the screw conveyor 5 in a disorganized and continuous manner and should be scattered as undamaged as possible to form an oriented fleece on a forming belt. Because the damage to the elongated wood chips would impair the bending strength or the resulting increased proportion of fines would also have to be separated out. Therefore, the invention proposes a metering bunker 1 with an oriented entry, so that the elongated wood chips in the metering bunker 1 are temporarily stored in orderly layers without any significant fluctuations in density and are therefore easily detachable and evenly removable. The elongated wood chips are therefore one of a trough above the dosing hopper 1 Screw conveyor 5 initially placed on two or more opening rollers 6, which are intended to dissolve any clumps or hooks. For this purpose, coarse-meshed cage rollers or spiked rollers with a few elastic spikes are preferably provided, through which the loose wood chips can fall through almost without braking and without damage.

Unterhalb der Auflösewalzen 6 sind mindestens zwei Orientierungswalzen 7 vorgesehen, in dessen Schlitze die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel quer zur Förderrichtung eingleiten. Die Orientierungswalzen 7 bestehen dabei aus einer durchgehenden Antriebswelle, um die sternartig angeordnete Querbleche vorgesehen sind. Die Abstände zwischen den Querblechen stellen dabei verjüngende Schlitze dar, die nur so breit sind, daß die Schnitzel nur guerorientiert hineingleiten können. Die Orientierungswalzen 7 könnten aber auch in Förderrichtung angeordnet sein, so daß die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel längs orientiert würden. Zur Längsorientierung sind aber auch Scheibenwalzen einsetzbar, durch dessen Schlitze die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel in Längsrichtung ausgerichtet würden.Below the opening rollers 6, at least two orientation rollers 7 are provided, in the slots of which the elongated wood chips slide in transversely to the conveying direction. The orientation rollers 7 consist of a continuous drive shaft, around which star plates are provided. The distances between the transverse sheets represent tapering slots which are only wide enough for the chips to slide in only in a Guer oriented manner. The orientation rollers 7 could also be arranged in the conveying direction, so that the elongated wood chips would be oriented lengthways. For longitudinal orientation, however, disc rollers can also be used, through the slots of which the elongated wood chips would be aligned in the longitudinal direction.

Unterhalb der Orientierungswalzen 7 ist als Schwenkförderer ein Schwenkförderband 4 angeordnet, auf das die vororientierten Holzschnitzel von den Orientierungswalzen 7 aufgegeben werden. Dabei ist das Förderband mit Querstegen 8 oder Querblechen versehen, die Fördertaschen 9 zwischen den einzelnen Stegen 8 bilden. Die Abstände der Querstege 8 oder Querbleche sind dabei so bemessen, daß die Holzschnitzel nur in ihrer Querausrichtung in den Fördertaschen 9 einlegbar sind, so daß die Querorientierung auf den Schwenkförderband 4 erhalten bleibt. Bei einer Längsorientierung könnte das Förderband aber auch mit Längsstegen versehen werden, die die Holzschnitzel nur in Längsrichtung aufnehmen.A swiveling conveyor belt 4 is arranged below the orienting rolls 7 as a swiveling conveyor, onto which the pre-oriented wood chips are fed by the orienting rolls 7. The conveyor belt is provided with cross bars 8 or cross plates, which form conveyor pockets 9 between the individual bars 8. The distances between the crosspieces 8 or cross plates are dimensioned such that the wood chips can only be inserted in their transverse orientation in the conveyor pockets 9, so that the transverse orientation on the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is maintained. In the case of a longitudinal orientation, the conveyor belt could also be provided with longitudinal webs which only take up the wood chips in the longitudinal direction.

Das Schwenkförderband 4 ist an seinem Aufgabebereich quer und horizontal verschwenkbar gelagert und zur Horizontalen in Förderrichtung schräg nach unten abgesenkt. Dabei ist das Abwurfende des Schwenkförderbandes 4 in dem Vertikalfüllraum 3 eintauchend angeordnet. Das Schwenkförderband 4 ist mit einem nicht dargestellten bekannten Schwenkantrieb verbunden, der das relativ schmale Förderband 4 von maximal 1 m Breite kontinuierlich über die gesamte Bunkerbreite hin- und hergehend verschwenkt. Dadurch werden die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel schichtweise über die gesamte Bunkerbreite abgelegt. Die Bunkerbreite entspricht dabei etwa der Streubreite, die in der Regel zwei bis vier Meter beträgt.The swiveling conveyor belt 4 is pivotally and horizontally pivotable at its feed area and lowered obliquely downwards to the horizontal in the conveying direction. The discharge end of the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is arranged immersed in the vertical filling space 3. The swiveling conveyor belt 4 is connected to a known swiveling drive, not shown, which swivels the relatively narrow conveyor belt 4 of maximum 1 m width back and forth over the entire width of the bunker. As a result, the elongated wood chips are deposited in layers over the entire width of the bunker. The bunker width corresponds approximately to the spreading width, which is usually two to four meters.

Die Querverteilung der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel könnte auch durch einen Parallelförderer erfolgen, der parallel zur Förderrichtung kontinuierlich über die Bunkerbreite hin- und hergehend verschoben wird. Dieser Parallelförderer könnte auch als Bandförderer ausgebildet sein, der an seiner Materialaufgabeseite und seiner Materialabgabeseite quer verschieblich zur Förderrichtung gelagert wäre. Mit diesen Lagerpunkten könnten zwei parallel angeordnete Linearantriebe wie beispielsweise Spindelantriebe verbunden sein, die den Förderer kontinuierlich über die Bunkerbreite hin- und hergehend verschieben. Dies wäre zwar mechanisch aufwendiger, würde aber den Ablagewinkel der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel über den Verlauf der Bunkerbreite unverändert lassen.The transverse distribution of the elongated wood chips could also take place by means of a parallel conveyor, which is continuously moved back and forth across the bunker width parallel to the conveying direction. This parallel conveyor could also be designed as a belt conveyor, which would be mounted transversely displaceable to the conveying direction on its material feed side and its material discharge side. Two parallel linear drives, such as spindle drives, could be connected to these bearing points, which continuously move the conveyor back and forth across the width of the bunker. Although this would be mechanically more complex, it would leave the placement angle of the elongated wood chips unchanged over the course of the bunker width.

Zur kontinuierlichen Querverteilung der Holzschnitzel im Vertikalfüllraum 3 ist im Schwenkförderband 4 eine Bandwaage 23 vorgesehen, durch die die Förderstärke der geförderten Holzschnitzel ermittelt wird. Dadurch sind die quer orientierten Holzschnitzel gewichtsdosiert über die gesamte Breite des Dosierbunkers 1 bzw. des Vertikalfüllraumes 3 ablegbar. Dabei ist vorgesehen, über die gesamte Bunkerbreite stets die gleiche Gewichtsmenge an Holzschnitzeln abzulegen, damit der Vertikalfüllraum 3 gleichmäßig befüllt wird. Deshalb wird eine konstante Förderstärke (t/h) vorgegeben, bei der bei einer Abweichung vom Sollgewicht die Bandgeschwindigkeit nachregelbar ist, wobei die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit konstant bleibt. Eine vorgegebene Förderstärke (t/h) könnte aber auch über die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit geregelt werden. Da das Schwenkförderband 4 in Förderrichtung geneigt ist, wird bei dem gewichtsdosierten Austrag die Neigung des Förderbandes 4 durch einen Neigungssensor erfaßt oder bei einem konstanten Neigungswinkel rechnerisch berücksichtigt. Dazu ist eine nicht dargestellte Auswertevorrichtung vorgesehen, durch die sowohl die Bandbeladung als auch die Bandgeschwindigkeit erfaßt wird. Bei einer Abweichung von der vorgegebenen Förderstärke bzw. vom Sollgewicht wird die Bandgeschwindigkeit des Förderbandes 4 bzw. die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit entsprechend nachgeregelt.For the continuous transverse distribution of the wood chips in the vertical filling space 3, a belt scale 23 is provided in the swiveling conveyor belt 4, by means of which the conveying strength of the wood chips being conveyed is determined. As a result, the transversely oriented wood chips can be deposited in a weight-metered manner over the entire width of the dosing hopper 1 or the vertical filling space 3. It is envisaged that the same amount of wood chips should always be deposited over the entire width of the bunker, so that the vertical filling chamber 3 is filled evenly. For this reason, a constant delivery rate (t / h) is specified at which the belt speed can be readjusted in the event of a deviation from the target weight, the swiveling speed remaining constant. A given delivery rate (t / h) could also be regulated via the swivel speed. Since the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is inclined in the conveying direction, the inclination of the conveyor belt 4 is detected by a tilt sensor in the case of the weight-metered discharge or is taken into account by calculation at a constant tilt angle. For this purpose, an evaluation device, not shown, is provided, by means of which both the belt loading and the belt speed are detected. In the event of a deviation from the specified conveying strength or from the target weight, the belt speed of the conveyor belt 4 or the swiveling speed is adjusted accordingly.

Damit beim Ablegen der quer- oder längsorientierten Schnitzel im Vertikalfüllraum 3 die Orientierung nicht verloren geht, sollte der Abstand der Abwurfstelle des Förderbandes 4 von der Ablegestelle im Vertikalfüllraum 3 einen bestimmten Höhenabstand nicht überschreiten. Deshalb ist vorgesehen, daß das Schwenkförderband 4 in Förderrichtung 10 verstellbar ist, so daß es mehr oder weniger tief in den Vertikalfüllraum 3 eintauchen kann. Dies ist auf einfache Weise mit einem Hubzylinder oder einem Spindelantrieb ausführbar. Dazu sind zusätzliche nicht dargestellte Füllstandssensoren vorgesehen, die mittels einer programmgesteuerten Auswertevorrichtung einen konstanten Abstand von der Holzschnitzeloberfläche im Vertikalfüllraum 3 einhalten.So that the orientation is not lost when the crosswise or lengthwise oriented chips are placed in the vertical filling space 3, the distance of the discharge point of the conveyor belt 4 from the depositing point in the vertical filling space 3 should not exceed a certain height distance. It is therefore provided that the swiveling conveyor belt 4 is adjustable in the conveying direction 10, so that it can plunge more or less deeply into the vertical filling space 3. This can be carried out in a simple manner with a lifting cylinder or a spindle drive. For this purpose, additional fill level sensors, not shown, are provided, which maintain a constant distance from the wood chip surface in the vertical fill chamber 3 by means of a program-controlled evaluation device.

Der Vertikalfüllraum 3 besteht in seinem Einfüllbereich aus einem oberen Füllschacht 11, der aus etwa parallel angeordneten starren Seitenwänden 12, 25 besteht, die quer über die gesamte Bunkerbreite verlaufen. Diese sind stirnseitig an der Bunkeraußenwand befestigt und bilden einen fest umschlossenen Füllraum 11. Unterhalb dieses oberen Füllschachtes 11 ist ein vertikaler Förderschacht 13 angeordnet, der im wesentlichen aus zwei vertikal angeordneten Austragsförderbändern 14, 15 besteht, die in ihrem unteren Bereich eine horizontale Umlenkung 16, 20 erfahren. Diese Bänder 14, 15 erstrecken sich über die gesamte Bunkerbreite und bilden mit den stirnseitigen Außenwänden des Dosierbunkers 1 einen umschlossenen Förderschacht 13, der den Bunkerinhalt kontinuierlich zu einer Austragsöffnung 24 befördert. Der Förderschacht 13 könnte aber auch aus nur einem Austragsförderband 14 und einer gegenüberliegend angeordneten starren Seitenwand gebildet sein.The vertical filling space 3 consists in its filling area of an upper filling shaft 11, which consists of rigid parallel side walls 12, 25 which run across the entire width of the bunker. These are attached to the front of the bunker outer wall and form a tightly enclosed one Filling chamber 11. Below this upper filling shaft 11 there is a vertical conveyor shaft 13, which essentially consists of two vertically arranged discharge conveyor belts 14, 15, which undergo a horizontal deflection 16, 20 in their lower region. These belts 14, 15 extend over the entire width of the bunker and, with the end walls of the dosing bunker 1, form an enclosed conveyor shaft 13 which conveys the contents of the bunker continuously to a discharge opening 24. The conveyor shaft 13 could, however, also be formed from only one discharge conveyor belt 14 and an opposite rigid side wall.

Bei den beiden Austragsbändern 14, 15 handelt es sich jeweils um ein Endlosband, das zwischen drei Umlenkrollen 16, 19, 20 angeordnet ist, die etwa wie die Endpunkte eines rechtwinkligen Dreiecks angeordnet sind. Dabei schließen sich die beiden Förderbänder 14, 15 jeweils am unteren Punkt der Seitenwände 12, 25 des oberen Füllschachtes 11 an und bilden somit seine Verlängerung. Dabei sind die beiden Austragsbänder 14, 15 so angeordnet, daß sie über unterschiedliche Rollenabstände verfügen. Die Rollenabstände sind dabei so vorgesehen, daß sich zwischen den beiden Förderbändern 14, 15 sowohl ein vertikaler- 13 als auch ein horizontaler Förderschacht 18 bildet. In diesen umgelenkten Schächten 13, 18 werden die gerichteten Holzschnitzel zu einer Austragsöffnung 24 gefördert.The two discharge belts 14, 15 are each an endless belt which is arranged between three deflection rollers 16, 19, 20, which are arranged approximately like the end points of a right-angled triangle. The two conveyor belts 14, 15 each connect to the lower point of the side walls 12, 25 of the upper filling shaft 11 and thus form its extension. The two discharge belts 14, 15 are arranged so that they have different roller spacings. The roller spacings are provided so that both a vertical 13 and a horizontal conveyor shaft 18 are formed between the two conveyor belts 14, 15. The directed wood chips are conveyed to a discharge opening 24 in these deflected shafts 13, 18.

Der vertikale Förderschacht 13 ist dabei als Klemmstrecke ausgebildet, in dem der Schacht mindestens auf einer inneren Seitenfläche nach unten verengt werden kann. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß das untere Austragsband 15 nur lose auf seinen Stützrollen 17 aufliegt und mit einer horizontal verstellbaren Spannrolle 16 die Schachtbreite einstellbar ist. Durch die Verengung der Schachtbreite werden die Lagen der orientierten Holzschnitzel seitlich eingeklemmt, so daß diese durch die Bewegung der Austragsbänder 14, 15 in Förderrichtung mitgenommen werden. Dadurch wird gleichzeitig erreicht, daß die einzelnen Schichten im unteren Bereich des vertikalen Förderschachtes 13 durch die Füllhöhe nicht wesentlich verdichtet werden, so daß eine leicht lösbare Schüttung im Vertikalschacht 13 erhalten bleibt.The vertical conveyor shaft 13 is designed as a clamping section in which the shaft can be narrowed downwards at least on an inner side surface. This is achieved in that the lower discharge belt 15 rests only loosely on its support rollers 17 and the shaft width is adjustable with a horizontally adjustable tensioning roller 16. Due to the narrowing of the shaft width, the layers of the oriented wood chips are clamped laterally so that they are carried along in the conveying direction by the movement of the discharge belts 14, 15 become. It is thereby achieved at the same time that the individual layers in the lower region of the vertical conveyor shaft 13 are not significantly compressed by the fill level, so that an easily detachable bed in the vertical shaft 13 is retained.

Im Anfahrbetrieb ist der vertikale Förderschacht 13 mit Hilfe der Spannrolle 16 im Umlenkbereich so weit verschließbar, daß beide Austragsbänder 14, 15 mit ihren Innenwänden leicht aneinander liegen. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß die neu einzufüllenden Holzschnitzel bis zur Austragsöffnung 24 durchrutschen können. Gleichzeitig wird der vertikale Schacht 13 so weit verkleinert, daß die Abwurfhöhe nur so groß ist, daß ein orientiertes Ablegen im vertikalen Förderschacht 13 gewährleistet bleibt. Beim Einfüllen der Holzschnitzel wird die Füllhöhe von den Füllstandssensoren erfaßt und der Auswertevorrichtung übermittelt. Diese steuert die Nachführung des Schwenkförderbandes 4 in Förderrichtung 10, so daß der Abstand zur Füllstandsebene so lange gleich bleibt, bis eine vorgegebene Füllhöhe erreicht ist. Sobald die Klemmstrecke 13 bis zur vorgesehenen Höhe gefüllt ist, wird durch die verstellbare Spannrolle 16 die Bandspannung so weit gelockert, bis eine vorgegebene Klemmwirkung erreicht ist. Dazu kann die untere Schachtbreite so weit vergrößert werden, daß sie der Schachtbreite des oberen Füllschachtes 11 entspricht.In the start-up mode, the vertical conveyor shaft 13 can be closed with the aid of the tensioning roller 16 in the deflection area to such an extent that the two discharge belts 14, 15 lie slightly against one another with their inner walls. This prevents the newly filled wood chips from slipping through to the discharge opening 24. At the same time, the vertical shaft 13 is reduced to such an extent that the discharge height is only so great that an oriented depositing in the vertical conveyor shaft 13 remains guaranteed. When filling the wood chips, the level is detected by the level sensors and transmitted to the evaluation device. This controls the tracking of the swivel conveyor belt 4 in the conveying direction 10, so that the distance to the fill level remains the same until a predetermined fill level is reached. As soon as the clamping section 13 is filled to the intended height, the adjustable tensioning roller 16 loosens the belt tension until a predetermined clamping effect is achieved. For this purpose, the lower shaft width can be increased so that it corresponds to the shaft width of the upper filling shaft 11.

Nach Auffüllung der Klemmstrecke 13 wird die einzufüllende Materialförderstärke so weit erhöht, bis eine vorgesehene Gesamtfüllhöhe im Vertikalfüllraum 3 erreicht ist. Diese Sollfüllstandshöhe wird von den Füllstandssensoren erfaßt, wobei durch die Auswertevorrichtung beim Erreichen der Sollfüllstandshöhe die Eintragsförderstärke so geregelt wird, daß der Bunker 1 stets bis zur Sollfüllstandshöhe gefüllt ist. Die Füllstandssensoren können an der Stirnseite des Bunkers so verteilt angeordnet sein, daß sie auch die Füllstandshöhe quer zur Bunkerbreite erfassen. Dazu kann das Schwenkförderband 4 auch horizontal und quer 26 zur Bunkerbreite und somit längs zum Formband verschiebbar angeordnet sein, so daß eine konstante Füllhöhe auch quer zur Bunkerbreite einhaltbar ist.After filling the clamping section 13, the material delivery rate to be filled is increased until an intended total filling height in the vertical filling chamber 3 is reached. This nominal fill level is detected by the fill level sensors, the feed rate being regulated by the evaluation device when the nominal fill level is reached so that the bunker 1 is always filled up to the nominal fill level. The level sensors can be arranged on the front of the bunker so that they also cross the level to the width of the bunker. For this purpose, the swiveling conveyor belt 4 can also be arranged horizontally and transversely to the width of the bunker and thus longitudinally to the forming belt, so that a constant filling level can also be maintained transversely to the width of the bunker.

Im unteren Bereich der Klemmstrecke 13 bzw. des vertikalen Förderschachtes 13 erfolgt durch die untere Spannrolle 16 des unteren Austragsbandes 15 und die obere Spannrolle 20 des oberen Austragsbandes 14 eine Umlenkung des vertikalen Austragsstroms in einen horizontalen Austragsstrom. Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise ein Durchrutschen des vertikalen Materialstroms bis zur Austragsöffnung während des Austragsbetriebs verhindert. Gleichzeitig-wird auch eine Lockerung der Verdichtungswirkung erreicht, so daß ein schonender gleichmäßiger Austrag in den Streukopf ermöglicht wird. Der vertikale Füllraum 3 könnte aber auch durch zwei parallel gegenüberstehende Förderbänder gebildet werden, die auf zwei horizontale Förderbänder gerichtet sind, die dann den horizontalen Füllschacht bilden. Unterhalb des Vertikalfüllraumes 13 könnte aber auch eine Zellenradschleuse vorgesehen sein, durch die die orientierten Holzschnitzel nach Art der orientierungswalzen in den Streukopf ausgetragen werden.In the lower area of the clamping section 13 or the vertical conveyor shaft 13, the lower tensioning roller 16 of the lower discharge belt 15 and the upper tensioning roller 20 of the upper discharge belt 14 deflect the vertical discharge flow into a horizontal discharge flow. This advantageously prevents the vertical material flow from slipping through to the discharge opening during discharge operation. At the same time, a loosening of the compaction effect is achieved, so that a gentle, uniform discharge into the spreading head is made possible. The vertical filling space 3 could, however, also be formed by two parallel conveyor belts which are directed towards two horizontal conveyor belts which then form the horizontal filling shaft. However, a cellular wheel sluice could also be provided below the vertical filling space 13, through which the oriented wood chips are discharged into the spreading head in the manner of the orientation rollers.

Der horizontale Austragsstrom im horizontalen Förderschacht 18 stellt dabei eine klemmfreie Füllstrecke dar, die einen Horizontalvorrat bildet. Diese horizontale Füllstrecke 18 dient in erster Linie zur Herbeiführung eines gleichmäßigen Austragsverhaltens.. Dies wird in erster Linie dadurch erreicht, daß durch die Umlenkung eine Auflockerung der Vertikalschichtung erfolgt, so daß sich im Horizontalschacht 18 ein gleichmäßig austragbarer Materialstrom einstellt.The horizontal discharge stream in the horizontal conveyor shaft 18 represents a jamming-free filling section which forms a horizontal supply. This horizontal filling section 18 serves primarily to bring about a uniform discharge behavior. This is primarily achieved in that the deflection loosens the vertical stratification, so that a uniformly dispensable material flow is established in the horizontal shaft 18.

Die beiden Austragsbänder 14, 15 sind in ihrer Bandgeschwindigkeit regelbar. Dabei wird die Bandgeschwindigkeit beider Austragsbänder so geregelt, daß sie eine gleichbleibende Austragsgeschwindigkeit in den Schächten 13, 18 gewährleisten, so daß die Vororientierung nicht verändert wird und eine Materialumwälzung in den Schächten 13, 18 möglichst nicht eintritt. Vorzugsweise ist am Bandende des horizontalen Förderschachtes 18 noch eine Bandwaage 22 vorgesehen, durch die die Austragsmenge über die Austragsbandgeschwindigkeit regelbar ist. Am Bandende des horizontalen Förderschachtes 18 ist zusätzlich noch eine Abschlagswalze 21 vorgesehen, die die orientierten Holzschnitzel schonend in die Auslauföffnung 24 zur Streukammer abkämmt. Dadurch gewährleistet der Vertikalbunker 1 eine schonende Bevorratung und gleichmäßige gewichtsdosierte Austragung der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel, so daß diese in den zu streuenden OSB- oder LSL-Platten ihre maximale Festigkeit entfalten können und nicht durch den entstandenen Feingutanteil beeinträchtigt werden. Die im Vertikalbunker 1 angeordnete Eintragsvorrichtung 2 könnte aber auch in einem separaten Geräteteil oberhalb des Bunkergehäuses vorgesehen sein, wenn dies aus konstruktiven Gründen möglich und vorteilhaft ausführbar ist.The belt speed of the two discharge belts 14, 15 can be regulated. The belt speed of both discharge belts is regulated so that they have a constant discharge speed ensure in the shafts 13, 18 so that the pre-orientation is not changed and material circulation in the shafts 13, 18 does not occur as far as possible. A belt scale 22 is preferably provided at the belt end of the horizontal conveyor shaft 18, by means of which the discharge quantity can be regulated via the discharge belt speed. At the end of the belt of the horizontal conveyor shaft 18 there is additionally a knock-off roller 21 which gently combs the oriented wood chips into the outlet opening 24 to the scattering chamber. As a result, the vertical bunker 1 ensures careful storage and even weight-metered discharge of the elongated wood chips, so that they can develop their maximum strength in the OSB or LSL panels to be spread and are not impaired by the proportion of fine material that has arisen. The entry device 2 arranged in the vertical bunker 1 could, however, also be provided in a separate device part above the bunker housing if this is possible and advantageously feasible for constructional reasons.

In Fig. 2 der Zeichnung ist ein Horizontalbunker 30 mit Orientierungswalzen 7 als Orientierungsvorrichtung und einem Schwenkförderer 4 mit Ablagetaschen 9 schematisch dargestellt, der die flachen langgestreckten Holzschnitzel (Strands) orientiert auf einer horizontalen Füllstrecke 32 gleichmäßig über die Bunkerbreite ablegt.In Fig. 2 of the drawing, a horizontal bunker 30 with orientation rollers 7 as an orientation device and a swivel conveyor 4 with storage pockets 9 is shown schematically, which places the flat, elongated wood chips (strands) oriented on a horizontal filling section 32 evenly over the bunker width.

Der Horizontalbunker 30 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Eintragsvorrichtung 31 und einer horizontalen Füllstrecke 32, die aus einem Bodenband 33 gebildet wird. Oberhalb der Eintragsvorrichtung 31 ist eine Förderschnecke 5 angeordnet, die die beleimten langgestreckten Holzschnitzel (Strands) von einem Beleimungsmischer heranführt. Diese Förderschnecke 5 entspricht der Förderschnecke nach Fig. 1 der Zeichnung, wobei für die gleichartigen Teile in Fig. 2 der Zeichnung auch die gleichen Bezugsziffern verwandt wurden.The horizontal bunker 30 essentially consists of an entry device 31 and a horizontal filling section 32, which is formed from a bottom belt 33. Above the entry device 31, a screw conveyor 5 is arranged, which feeds the glued elongated wood chips (strands) from a gluing mixer. This screw conveyor 5 corresponds to the screw conveyor according to FIG. 1 of the drawing, wherein the same reference numerals have been used for the similar parts in FIG. 2 of the drawing.

Die Eintragsvorrichtung 31 besteht im wesentlichen aus den Orientierungswalzen 7 und einem Schwenkförderer 4. Dabei werden die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel zur Herstellung von OSBoder LSL-Platten zunächst auf mindestens zwei Auflösewalzen 6 und den darunter angeordneten Orientierungswalzen 7 aufgegeben. Unterhalb der Orientierungswalzen 7 ist der Schwenkförderer 4 angeordnet, der aus einem mit Taschen 9 versehenen Förderband gebildet ist. Statt eines Schwenkförderers 4 könnte auch ein Parallelförderer vorgesehen werden.The entry device 31 essentially consists of the orientation rollers 7 and a swivel conveyor 4. The elongated wood chips for the production of OSB or LSL boards are first placed on at least two opening rollers 6 and the orientation rollers 7 arranged underneath. Below the orientation rollers 7, the swivel conveyor 4 is arranged, which is formed from a conveyor belt provided with pockets 9. Instead of a swivel conveyor 4, a parallel conveyor could also be provided.

Der Horizontalbunker 30 erstreckt sich über die gesamte Breite des Streukopfes, die bis zu vier Metern betragen kann. Der Schwenkförderer 4 besitzt hingegen lediglich eine Breite von maximal einem Meter und wird kontinuierlich über die gesamte Breite des Dosierbunkers 30 horizontal hin und her geschwenkt und verteilt dabei die eingebrachten Holzschnitzel gleichmäßig über die Breite des Bunkers 30. Die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit ist dabei ein Vielfaches der Austragsgeschwindigkeit, so daß die orientierten Holzschnitzel schichtweise übereinander abgelegt werden. Der Schwenkförderer 4 ist horizontal über der Füllstrecke 32 angeordnet und fördert die orientierten Holzspäne entgegen der Austragsrichtung 34 zur Füllstrecke. Der Schwenkförderer 4 kann auch gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigt werden, so daß im Anfahrbetrieb die orientierten Holzschnitzel im unteren Bereich der Füllstrecke 32 orientiert abgelegt werden können. Dazu sind nicht dargestellte Füllstandssensoren vorgesehen, die die Füllhöhe an den Seitenflächen quer zur Bunkerbreite erfassen. In einer nicht dargestellten programm- oder prozessorgesteuerten Auswertevorrichtung kann mittels der Füllstandssensoren und einem vorgegebenen Abstand zur Füllhöhe die Neigung des Schwenkförderers 4 nachgeregelt werden. Dabei wird der Schwenkförderer 4 nur soweit nachgeregelt, bis eine vorgegebene Soll-Füllstandshöhe im Bunker 30 erreicht ist. Nach Erreichen dieser vorgegebenen Sollfüllstandshöhe kann das Bodenband 33 so gesteuert werden, daß die Füllschicht zur Austragsöffnung 41 gefördert wird. Allerdings kann der Schwenkförderer 4 dabei auch so angeordnet sein, daß er auch in Förderrichtung 34 verstellbar gelagert ist. Hierzu ist ein Spindelantrieb 42 vorgesehen, durch den der Schwenkförderer 4 in Förderrichtung 34 längsverschiebbar ist. Dadurch könnte mit Hilfe von in Förderrichtung 34 angeordneten Füllstandssensoren bereits eine konstante Füllhöhe in Förderrichtung 34 durch die Längsverstellung des Förderers 4 einstellbar sein und mögliche Nachfüllunterbrechungen aufgefüllt werden.The horizontal bunker 30 extends over the entire width of the spreading head, which can be up to four meters. The swivel conveyor 4, on the other hand, only has a maximum width of one meter and is continuously swiveled horizontally back and forth over the entire width of the dosing hopper 30 and thereby distributes the wood chips introduced uniformly over the width of the bunker 30. The swiveling speed is a multiple of the discharge speed, so that the oriented wood chips are layered on top of each other. The swivel conveyor 4 is arranged horizontally above the filling section 32 and conveys the oriented wood chips against the discharge direction 34 to the filling section. The swivel conveyor 4 can also be inclined with respect to the horizontal, so that the oriented wood chips can be deposited in the lower region of the filling section 32 in the start-up mode. For this purpose, fill level sensors (not shown) are provided, which record the fill height on the side surfaces across the bunker width. In a program or processor-controlled evaluation device (not shown), the inclination of the pivoting conveyor 4 can be readjusted by means of the level sensors and a predetermined distance from the level. The swivel conveyor 4 is only readjusted until one predetermined target level in the bunker 30 is reached. After reaching this predetermined desired filling level, the bottom belt 33 can be controlled so that the filling layer is conveyed to the discharge opening 41. However, the swivel conveyor 4 can also be arranged such that it is also adjustable in the conveying direction 34. For this purpose, a spindle drive 42 is provided, by means of which the swivel conveyor 4 can be displaced longitudinally in the conveying direction 34. As a result, with the aid of fill level sensors arranged in the conveying direction 34, a constant fill level in the conveying direction 34 could already be adjustable by the longitudinal adjustment of the conveyor 4 and possible refilling interruptions could be filled up.

Im Schwenkförderband 4 ist nahe dem Abwurfende eine Bandwaage 24 vorgesehen, die die Gewichtsmenge der geförderten Holzschnitzel erfaßt. Bei konstanter Schwenkgeschwindigkeit wird die Bandgeschwindigkeit dabei so geregelt, daß mit stets konstanter Förderstärke (t/h) die Holzschnitzel über die Breite des Dosierbunkers 30 verteilt werden, so daß sich bei vorgebbarer Austragsmenge eine gleichmäßige Füllmenge auf der Füllstrecke 32 über die gesamte Bodenbandbreite ergibt. Zur Regelung der Förderstärke ist dabei eine programm- oder prozessorgesteuerte nicht dargestellte Auswertevorrichtung vorgesehen, wie sie in bekannten Dosierbandwaagen eingesetzt sind.In the swiveling conveyor belt 4 a belt scale 24 is provided near the discharge end, which detects the weight of the conveyed wood chips. At constant swivel speed, the belt speed is regulated so that the wood chips are distributed over the width of the dosing hopper 30 with a constant flow rate (t / h), so that a uniform filling quantity on the filling section 32 over the entire floor width results with a predeterminable discharge quantity. To regulate the delivery rate, a program or processor-controlled evaluation device, not shown, is provided, as is used in known dosing belt scales.

Das Bodenband 33 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem langgestreckten Horizontalteil 35 und einem verkürzten Vertikalteil 36, die durch drei wie ein Dreieck angeordnete Umlenkrollen 37, 38, 39 gebildet werden. Durch die untere horizontal verstellbare Spann- und Umlenkrolle 38 ist das Bodenband 33 unterschiedlich stark spannbar. Dadurch kann im Anfahrbetrieb das Band so stark verkürzt werden, daß im Ablagebereich 40 der Holschnitzel das lose aufliegende Austragsband 33 gegenüber der Vertikalen so weit schräggestellt ist, daß die Holzschnitzel weitgehend orientiert im Ablagebereich 40 auf dem Austragsband 33 ablegbar sind. Dadurch ergibt sich auch schon während des Anfahrbetriebs eine geordnete Ablagemöglichkeit im Horizontalbunker 30, so daß sich eine gleichmäßige Füllhöhe mit orientierten Holzspänen aufbaut, die dann mittels einer vorgegebenen Austragsgeschwindigkeit zur Austragsöffnung 41 gefördert wird.The base band 33 essentially consists of an elongated horizontal part 35 and a shortened vertical part 36, which are formed by three deflection rollers 37, 38, 39 arranged like a triangle. Due to the lower horizontally adjustable tensioning and deflecting roller 38, the bottom band 33 can be tensioned to different degrees. As a result, the belt can be shortened so much in the start-up mode that in the storage area 40 of the wood chips the loosely resting discharge belt 33 is so inclined relative to the vertical that the wood chips are largely oriented in the storage area 40 on the discharge belt 33 can be filed. This results in an orderly storage possibility in the horizontal bunker 30 even during the start-up operation, so that a uniform filling height with oriented wood chips builds up, which is then conveyed to the discharge opening 41 by means of a predetermined discharge speed.

Im Bodenband 33 ist am Austragsende eine Bandwaage 22 vorgesehen, mit dessen Hilfe eine vorgesehene Austragsmenge über die Bandgeschwindigkeit des Bodenbandes regelbar ist. Dabei ist durch die orientierte und damit gleichmäßige Eintragung der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel über die gesamte Bunkerbreite ein gleichmäßiger Austrag in den Streukopf möglich, ohne daß eine zusätzliche volumenorientierte Querverteilung im Dosierbunker 30 erforderlich wäre. Über die Austragsbandwaage 22 kann mittels einer Auswertevorrichtung auch die Eintragsförderstärke des Schwenkförderers 4 oder des Paralleldosierers geregelt werden.A belt scale 22 is provided in the bottom belt 33 at the discharge end, with the aid of which a provided discharge amount can be regulated via the belt speed of the bottom belt. Due to the oriented and thus uniform entry of the elongated wood chips over the entire bunker width, a uniform discharge into the spreading head is possible without an additional volume-oriented transverse distribution in the dosing bunker 30 being necessary. The discharge conveying strength of the swivel conveyor 4 or of the parallel metering device can also be regulated via the discharge belt scale 22 by means of an evaluation device.

Claims (18)

  1. Dosing hopper for the manufacture of boards comprising oriented chips, which is disposed above a scattering head and contains an apparatus for pre-orientation (7) of the strung-out flat wood chips (strands), characterized in that below the pre-orientation apparatus (7) a swivel conveyor (4) or a parallel conveyor is provided, which continuously distributes the pre-oriented wood chips in their pre-oriented position over the hopper width.
  2. Dosing hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-orientation apparatus (2) comprises at least one orientation roller (7) or at least one disk roller, which is designed and disposed in such a way that the delivered wood chips are aligned with a longitudinal or transverse orientation relative to the discharge direction (34).
  3. Dosing hopper according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the swivel conveyor or the parallel conveyor are designed as a belt conveyor (4), on the conveyor belt of which longitudinal or transverse pockets (9) are provided for receiving transversely or longitudinally oriented wood chips.
  4. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swivel conveyor (4) is disposed horizontally and swingably over the hopper width and is continuously movable to and fro over the hopper width by means of a drive.
  5. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parallel conveyor is disposed horizontally and displaceably parallel to the conveying direction (34) and is continuously displaceable in a reciprocating manner over the hopper width by means of one or more drives.
  6. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swivel conveyor (4) or the parallel conveyor is disposed horizontally or inclined obliquely downwards in conveying direction and is adjustable in its inclination and/or in conveying direction (34).
  7. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pre-orientation apparatus (7) and/or the swivel conveyor (4) is disposed in the hopper housing or above the housing.
  8. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swivel conveyor (4) or the parallel conveyor is connected to a weighing apparatus (23), which determines the weight of the dropped wood chips.
  9. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swivel conveyor or the parallel conveyor is designed as a proportioning belt weigher, which comprises a conveyor belt with an integrated weighing apparatus and which during a continuous swivelling operation determines the conveying rate and compares it with a defined conveying rate (t/h) and in the event of a variation regulates the belt speed or the swivelling speed in such a way that a constant weight of material with a pre-oriented alignment is consistently dropped over the entire hopper width.
  10. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hopper takes the form of a vertical hopper (1), a horizontal hopper (30) or a combination of a vertical and horizontal hopper.
  11. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical hopper contains a vertical filling space (3), which is disposed below the conveyor (4) and comprises at least one vertical conveying shaft (13), which is formed by at least one or two vertical conveyor belts (14, 15).
  12. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical hopper at the outlet of its vertical filling space (3) comprises a horizontal conveying shaft (18) or a cellular wheel sluice.
  13. Dosing hopper according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the hopper takes the form of a horizontal hopper (30), which comprises a horizontal filling section (32), which is formed by the bottom belt (33) and disposed below the dosing apparatus (4).
  14. Dosing hopper according to claim 13, characterized in that the bottom belt (33) comprises a horizontal part (35) and a vertical part (36), which is formed by at least three deflection pulleys (37, 38, 39), which are arranged like the points of a triangle.
  15. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the horizontal conveying shaft (18) or on the bottom belt (33) a discharge belt weigher (22) is provided, with the aid of which the discharge conveying rate and/or the charging conveying rate is adjustable.
  16. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the vertical filling space (3) or the horizontal filling section (32) filling level sensors are provided, which detect the respective filling levels in a vertical and/or horizontal direction.
  17. Dosing hopper according to claim 16, characterized in that the filling level sensors are connected to an evaluation apparatus, which is so designed that with the aid of the filling level signals the conveyor (4) is repositionable to the respective filling level horizontally alongside or obliquely relative to the horizontal.
  18. Dosing hopper according to claim 16 and 17, characterized in that the evaluation apparatus is connected to the proportioning belt weigher (4) and so designed that with the aid of the filling level signals the charging conveying rate is adjustable.
EP01976308A 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Dosing hopper for producing boards comprising oriented chips Expired - Lifetime EP1335819B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10050434 2000-10-12
DE10050434A DE10050434A1 (en) 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Dosing hopper for production of boards with orientated chips has device for pre-orientation of flat wood strands for even distribution across full hopper width
PCT/EP2001/011830 WO2002030641A1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Dosing hopper for producing boards comprising oriented chips

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EP1335819A1 EP1335819A1 (en) 2003-08-20
EP1335819B1 true EP1335819B1 (en) 2004-12-22

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EP01976308A Expired - Lifetime EP1335819B1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Dosing hopper for producing boards comprising oriented chips

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US (1) US20040043096A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1335819B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2425652A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10050434A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002030641A1 (en)

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HU230408B1 (en) * 2013-06-19 2016-04-28 Rapidsil System Kft. Layered heat insulation element and apparatus and method producing thereof
JP6512396B2 (en) * 2015-01-29 2019-05-15 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Sheet manufacturing apparatus and sheet manufacturing method
CN113427593B (en) * 2021-06-28 2022-11-04 寿光市鲁丽木业股份有限公司 Shaving board forming and pre-pressing system

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WO2002030641A1 (en) 2002-04-18
EP1335819A1 (en) 2003-08-20
DE50104911D1 (en) 2005-01-27
CA2425652A1 (en) 2003-04-14
US20040043096A1 (en) 2004-03-04
DE10050434A1 (en) 2002-04-25

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