EP1299509B1 - Melange d'additifs a fonction de modificateur de frottement - Google Patents

Melange d'additifs a fonction de modificateur de frottement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1299509B1
EP1299509B1 EP01949345A EP01949345A EP1299509B1 EP 1299509 B1 EP1299509 B1 EP 1299509B1 EP 01949345 A EP01949345 A EP 01949345A EP 01949345 A EP01949345 A EP 01949345A EP 1299509 B1 EP1299509 B1 EP 1299509B1
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Prior art keywords
fatty
amine
oil
carbon atoms
lubricant formulation
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German (de)
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EP1299509A2 (fr
Inventor
Edgar Andreas Steigerwald
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M133/10—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms cycloaliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
    • C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
    • C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/044—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having cycloaliphatic groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a combination of additives that provides friction modifier benefits to lubricants and functional fluids, especially to power transmission fluids such as gear oils, automatic transmission fluids and fluids for continually variable transmissions.
  • ATF automatic transmission fluid
  • All ATFs should possess high oxidation stability, good viscometrics and low temperature properties, as well as good corrosion protection, anti-foaming and air separation properties.
  • the friction properties measured by friction coefficients displayed in a graph, are key to providing satisfactory performance.
  • the friction property of the ATF must be balanced such that there is sufficient friction to provide adequate power transmission whilst minimising shudder both on start up of the engine (the so called “green shudder”) and over the lifetime of the ATF. Excessive shudder causes driver discomfort and gives rise to an unacceptable noise level.
  • the Original Equipment Manufacturer (hereafter "OEM”) specifies a minimum friction coefficient at a plate sliding speed of 5 rpm of 0.123 to provide the necessary power transmission to the axle, together with the requirement that the friction coefficient does not decrease with increasing plate sliding speed, ie the gradient of the curve in the graph of friction coefficient against increasing sliding speed is positive or zero; it must not be negative.
  • the latter requirements is to minimise green shudder to an acceptable time period of no more than 0.2 hours (12 minutes).
  • the ATF will function without noticeable shudder (once any green shudder has ceased) for at least 150,000 km o f automotive transmission operation.
  • the minimum hours according to the Zahnradfarbik Friedrichschafen (hereafter "ZF”) ec3 test as defined is in the region of >100 hours.
  • ATFs used hitherto containing conventional friction modifiers do not meet these requirements.
  • FM friction modifiers
  • ETHOMEEN® T-12 a tallow amine supplied by AKZO Chemicals, when incorporated in an ATF formulation at a treat level of 0.15% by wt. does not always meet the requirement for friction coefficient vs. sliding speed (0.123 at 5 rpm) and never achieves a durability of >100 hours.
  • Prior published EP-A-0 713 908 describes an oil-based power transmission fluid composition, especially ATFs which contains inter alia at least one oil-soluble friction modifier which may be selected from aliphatic amines, aliphatic fatty acid amides, aliphatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic carboxylic esters, aliphatic carboxylic ester amides, aliphatic phosphonates, aliphatic phosphates, aliphatic thiophosphates and aliphatic thiophosphates etc wherein the aliphatic group contains more than 8 carbon atoms to render the compound suitably oil soluble.
  • ATFs which contains inter alia at least one oil-soluble friction modifier which may be selected from aliphatic amines, aliphatic fatty acid amides, aliphatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic carboxylic esters, aliphatic carboxylic ester amides, aliphatic phosphonates, aliphatic phosphates, ali
  • compositions of this invention are said to have the capability of exhibiting a positive slope in the plot of coefficient of friction versus sliding speed in the low speed SAE No. 2 Friction Test when performed with Ford Engineering Material Specification WSP-M2CZAA-A. Also, in clutch friction durability tests performed using the above method involving 20,000 cycles, the following results were achieved: ⁇ D in the range of 0.130-0.170; ⁇ S values (at 0.25 seconds) in the range of 0.110-0.155; low speed dynamic friction values in the range of 0.130-0.170; S1/D values in the range of 0.90-1.16; and stop times, in seconds, in the range of 0.70-1.0. It would be evident to those skilled in the art that this SAE-test cannot be read across for European OEMs, and hence it is not suitable for European design because it is a laboratory test rig which did not produce the specific results initially and, therefore, had to be abandoned.
  • WO 99/02628 discloses friction modifiers including alkoxylated amines and a polyamide compound which is the reaction product of a polyamine containing from 2 to 60 total carbon atoms and from 3 to 15 nitrogen atoms with at least one of the nitrogen atoms present in the form of a primary amine group and at least two of the remaining nitrogen atoms present in the form of primary or secondary amine group and a carboxylic anhydride.
  • EP 0748862 relates to lubrication composition, that may be used as automatic or manual transmission fluid, comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and at least one metal free thiophosphorus acid ester, at least one amine salt of the thiophosphorus acid ester, or a mixture thereof, wherein the metal free thiophosphorus acid ester contains at least one hydrocarbyl terminated oxyalkylene group, at least one hydrocarbyl terminated polyoxyalkylene group, or a mixture thereof.
  • EP 812900 discloses a lubricating oil composition for automatic transmission comprising a sulfur-containing antioxidant or an amine type antioxidant, a phosphate or its amine salt and a reaction product of a carboxylic acid and an amine wherein the amine type antioxidant is chosen from alkylarylamines.
  • WO 97/04049 discloses a friction modifier including an alkoxylated amine and a polyamide which is the reaction product of a carboxylic acids or anhydride with a polyamine containing from 2 to 60 total carbon atoms and from 3 to 15 nitrogen atoms with at least one of the nitrogen atom present in the form of a primary amine group and at least two of the remaining nitrogen atoms present in the form of primary or secondary amine groups.
  • the present invention provides a friction modifier additive combination comprising (a) an oil-soluble fatty amine compound and (b) an oil-soluble fatty amide compound.
  • the fatty amine compound is a tertiary amine compound, of formula (I) below: wherein:
  • the substituent group R is suitably an alkyl group containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • the substituent group R is suitably derived from a fatty acid which is usually a naturally occurring substance and therefore may contain a mixture of carbon chain lengths, in which case the average chain length of the substituent group R is more preferably within the carbon atom ranges specified above.
  • the substituent groups R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkylene group as stated above and these groups suitably have 1 to 4 carbon atoms, most preferably 2 carbon atoms such as eg a -CH 2 -CH 2 - grouping.
  • the groupings -R 1 O- and -R 2 O- are preferably oxyethylene groups and correspondingly -R 1 OH and -R 2 OH are ethylenehydroxy groups.
  • the number of oxyalkylene groups represented by x and y are each independently suitably 0, 1 or 2 and are preferably 0.
  • Suitable fatty amine compounds include a coco-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, a polyoxyethylene(5)coco-amine, a tallow-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, a polyoxyethylene(5)tallow amine, a tallow/oleyl-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amaine and an oleyl-bis- (2-hydroxyethyl)amine.
  • Such compounds are commercially available from eg AKZO Chemicals.
  • Particularly preferred are compounds such as eg the coco-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine (ETOMEEN® C/12) which contains a mixture of C 8 to C 18 alkyl groups, with C 12 groups predominating sold by Akzo Chemicals.
  • the fatty amide compound is a tertiary amide of the formula (II) wherein R, R 1 , R 2 , x and y are each independently as defined above for formula (I), both in respect of general and preferred embodiments.
  • Suitable fatty amide compounds include the compound polyoxyethylene(5)oleamide sold under the trade name ETHOMID® 0/15 (ex Akzo Chemicals) which contains a mixture of C 12 to C 18 alkyl groups predominating in C 18 groups; and a fatty acid amide derived from lauric acid sold as COMPERLAN® LD (ex Henkel).
  • the friction modifier additive combination according to the present invention comprises a mixture of (a) a bis(hydroxyethyl) fatty amine wherein the fatty group comprises an alkyl group which has 12 to 14 carbon atoms and (b) a bis(hydroxyethyl) fatty amide wherein the fatty group comprises an alkyl group which has 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the present invention provides a lubricant or functional fluid formulation comprising a major amount of base oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of a friction modifier additive combination as defined above.
  • the lubricant or functional fluid is suitably useable as a power transmission fluid, preferably as an automatic transmission fluid (ATF).
  • ATF automatic transmission fluid
  • the following description will focus on ATF formulations although it will be understood that the compositions of the present invention are not limited to such fluids but embraces within its scope other lubricant and functional fluids.
  • ATFs typically have a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (KV 100 ) ranging from 2-15 mm 2 /s, preferably from 4-10 mm 2 /s, more preferably from 5-8 mm 2 /s measured according to the standard test procedure of ASTM D-446.
  • the Brookfield viscosity at - 40°C is suitably less than 50,000 mPa s, preferably from 4,000-20,000 mPa s, and more preferably from 5,000-18,000 mPa s measured according to the standard test procedure of ASTM D-2983.
  • the viscosity index is suitably in the range from 100-200, preferably from 150-200 measured according to the standard test procedure of ASTM D-2270.
  • the amount of base oil contained in the ATF ranges from 50% by weight to 99.9%, suitably from 60-95% by weight and preferably from 70-90% by wt, based on the total weight of the ATF formulation.
  • the amount of friction modifier additive combination present in the ATF formulation (ie the total amount of fatty amine and fatty amide) is broadly in the range from 0.05-1.2% by weight. Within this range the specific amount used will depend not only upon the friction properties desired but also, at least to some extent, upon the design of the automatic transmission. Thus the amount of friction modifier additive combination used is suitably in the range from 0.1-1% by weight, preferably from 0.2-0.8% by weight and more preferably from 0.3-0.6% by weight.
  • the amount of fatty amine compound in this friction modifier additive combination is suitably in the range from 0.03-1.0% by weight, preferably from 0.05-0.8% by weight and more preferably from 0.1-0.6% by weight.
  • the fatty amide compound in the additive combination is suitably from 0.05-0.8% by weight, preferably from 0.05-0.5% by weight and more preferably from 0.08-0.3% by weight.
  • the weight ratio of the fatty amine to fatty amide in the additive combination is suitably in the range from 0.5:1 to 10:1, preferably from 1:1 to 8:1 and more preferably from 2:1 to 6:1.
  • the amounts of the fatty amine and fatty amide in the additive combination are with respect to the active ingredients in such compounds.
  • the compounds specified above are generally liquids at room temperature and within conventional lubricant additive handling and blending temperatures, and are therefore usually supplied and used in neat, 100% active ingredient form. However, if desired, they may be diluted with a solvent, such as eg mineral oil, which is inert under the conditions especially with respect to the performance of the lubricant.
  • the base oil of the ATF or other lubricant or functional fluid according to the invention may be a mineral oil, a synthetic oil or mixtures thereof.
  • the base oils are suitably selected from refined mineral oils, for example, a solvent refined and/or hydrotreated oils, oils derived from coal tar or shale, vegetable oils, animal oils, hydrocracked oils, hydroisomerised oils, poly-alphaolefins (PAO), esters, alkylbenzenes, polyglycols, alkylene oxide polymers, silicone oils and the like.
  • the base oil comprises a mineral oil
  • it is suitably a solvent refined and/or hydrotreated oil.
  • suitable oils of this type include inter alia solvent refined mineral oils in the range of 50N to 150N, preferably 80N to 130N.
  • Such mineral oils are available, for example, from Esso under the trade name Esso Solvent Neutral.
  • the base oil is a severely refined mineral oil such as eg white oil
  • these may be one of the varieties supplied by Esso under the trade names MARCOL® 52 and 172, PRIMOL® 352, PLASTOL® 135 and 352, and BAYOL® 52.
  • the base oils used may also be a hydrocracked or hydroisomerised oils such as eg a hydroisomerised paraffin.
  • the base oil is a synthetic oil
  • it is preferably a PAO produced by the oligomerisation of 1-alkenes which suitably contain 6-20 carbon atoms, preferably 8-14 carbon atoms.
  • PAOs produced from 1-decene are particularly preferred.
  • the KV 100 of the PAO selected is usually determined by the viscosity desired in the final lubricant formulation and is suitably in the range from 2-8mm 2 /s, preferably from 4-6mm 2 /s.
  • Such PAOs are commercially available eg from ExxonMobil.
  • the base oil is a mix of mineral oils and synthetic oils, eg a mixture of one or more solvent refined mineral oils with PAOs; or a mixture of solvent refined mineral oil with white oil, a hydrocracked oil or a hydroisomerised oil as stated above.
  • the base oil is a mixture of solvent refined mineral oil, a PAO and white oil.
  • the functional fluid formulations of the present invention may also contain other optional additives depending upon the intended use of the functional fluid.
  • additives include inter alia viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, antioxidants, anti-wear agents, extreme pressure additives, dispersants, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, erosion inhibitors, anti-foaming agents, seal swell conditioning agents (seal fix), anti-pitting agents and the like.
  • Such additives are all commercially available, the choice of one or more of these and the amounts of each used depending upon the intended end use of the functional fluid.
  • a viscosity index improver would typically be included in the functional fluids at a treat level of 2-15% by weight based on active ingredient (ie excluding solvent and carrier fluids, if any), preferably from 2-10% by weight, and the other additives would typically be included in the functional fluids at a treat level of 0.01-5% by weight based on active ingredient.
  • the optional additives recited above may be added individually to the base oil, or, two or more may be pre-mixed with a carrier fluid such as eg a mineral oil, to form an additive concentrate and can then be blended with the base oil.
  • a carrier fluid such as eg a mineral oil
  • the friction modifier additive combination according to the invention may also be pre-mixed with or without other additives into an additive concentrate.
  • the friction modifier additive combination and lubricating oil formulations produced therefrom are particularly effective when used in automatic transmission fluids, especially for automatic transmissions equipped with an electronically controlled converter clutch.
  • Tests 1-4 above passed the Electronically controlled converter clutch (ECCC) tests on the Mannesmann Sachs (MS) German for Geregelte Wandlerkupplung (hereafter "GWK").
  • ECCC Electronically controlled converter clutch
  • MS Mannesmann Sachs
  • GWK Garnier Wandlerkupplung

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Combinaison d'additifs modifiant un frottement comprenant :
    (a) un composé d'amine grasse soluble dans l'huile de formule (I) :
    Figure 00180001
    dans laquelle :
    R est un groupe alkyle contenant 8 à 24 atomes de carbone ou un groupe aryle quelconque contenant un ou plusieurs substituants alkyle contenant 8 à 24 atomes de carbone;
    R1 et R2 sont chacun indépendamment un groupe alkylène contenant 1 à 8 atomes de carbone; et x et y sont chacun indépendamment 0 ou un entier de 1 à 5, et
    (b) un composé d'amide gras soluble dans l'huile de formule (II) :
    Figure 00180002
    dans laquelle R, R1 et R2, x et y sont chacun indépendamment tels que définis ci-dessus pour la formule (I) et dans laquelle le rapport pondéral de l'amine grasse à l'amide d'acide gras de la combinaison d'additifs se situe dans la plage de 0,5:1 à 10:1.
  2. Combinaison selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les groupes substituants R1 et R2 sont chacun indépendamment un groupe alkylène et ont 1 à 4 atomes de carbone.
  3. Combinaison selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle le nombre de groupes oxyalkylène représentés par x et y est chacun indépendamment commodément de 0, 1 ou de 2, de préférence de 0.
  4. Combinaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle l'amine grasse est choisie dans le groupe constitué d'une coco-bis(2-hydroxyéthyl)amine, d'une polyoxyéthylène(5)cocoamine et d'une oléyl-bis-(2-hydroxyéthyl)amine et de leurs mélanges.
  5. Combinaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant un mélange (a) d'une bis(hydroxyéthyl)amine grasse, dans laquelle le groupe gras comprend un groupe alkyle qui a 12 à 14 atomes de carbone, et (b) d'un bis(hydroxyéthyl)amide gras, dans lequel le groupe gras comprend un groupe alkyle qui a 12 à 18 atomes de carbone.
  6. Formulation de lubrifiant comprenant une quantité majeure d'huile de base de viscosité lubrifiante et une quantité mineure d'une combinaison d'additifs modificateurs de frottement comme défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 5.
  7. Formulation de lubrifiant selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle ladite formulation est un fluide de transmission automatique ayant une viscosité cinématique à 100°C (kV100) dans la plage de 2 à 15 mm2/s, mesurée selon la procédure d'essai standard ASTM D-446, une viscosité Brookfield à -40°C de moins de 50 000 mPa.s, mesurée selon la procédure d'essai standard ASTM D-2983 et un indice de viscosité dans la plage de 100 à 200, mesuré selon la procédure d'essai standard ASTM D-2270.
  8. Formulation de lubrifiant selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans laquelle la quantité totale de l'amine grasse et de l'amide d'acide gras présents sous forme de combinaison d'additifs modificateurs de frottement se situe dans la plage de 0,05 à 1,2 % en poids.
  9. Formulation de lubrifiant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 8, dans laquelle l'huile de base comprend une polyalphaoléfine (PAO) ayant un kV100 dans la plage de 2 à 8 mm2/s.
  10. Formulation de lubrifiant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 9, dans laquelle ladite formulation comprend un mélange d'une huile minérale raffinée au solvant, d'une PAO et d'une huile blanche (white oil).
  11. Formulation de lubrifiant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, dans laquelle ladite formulation comprend un renforçateur d'indice de viscosité à un niveau de 2 à 15% en poids par rapport à l'ingrédient actif.
  12. Formulation de lubrifiant selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle le renforçateur d'indice de viscosité est un poly(méthacrylate de méthyle).
  13. Utilisation de la formulation de lubrifiant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 12 comme fluide de transmission d'énergie.
  14. Utilisation de la formulation de lubrifiant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 12 comme fluide de boíte de vitesses automatique (ATF).
EP01949345A 2000-05-17 2001-05-17 Melange d'additifs a fonction de modificateur de frottement Expired - Lifetime EP1299509B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0011931.3A GB0011931D0 (en) 2000-05-17 2000-05-17 Friction modifier additive combination
GB0011931 2000-05-17
PCT/EP2001/005656 WO2001088067A2 (fr) 2000-05-17 2001-05-17 Mélange d'additifs à fonction de modificateur de frottement

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EP1299509B1 true EP1299509B1 (fr) 2004-08-25

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AT (1) ATE274567T1 (fr)
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GB (1) GB0011931D0 (fr)
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7989408B2 (en) 2007-04-10 2011-08-02 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Fuel economy lubricant compositions
US8299005B2 (en) 2006-05-09 2012-10-30 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Lubricating oil composition
US10947474B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2021-03-16 Valvoline Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc Friction modifier for motor oil

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TR200906533A2 (tr) 2009-08-25 2010-03-22 Nnt Nanoteknoloji̇ Bor Ür.Ve Ser.Malz Detonasyon teknolojisi ve argon rejimi ile üretilmiş nano yağlayıcı katkı maddesi bileşimi ve üretim prosesi.
US20150111801A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 Chevron Oronite Company Llc. Lubricating oil composition for protection of silver bearings in medium speed diesel engines
CN114540103B (zh) * 2020-11-24 2023-04-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 摩擦改进剂组合物及其应用和工业齿轮油

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ES2090686T3 (es) * 1991-09-16 1996-10-16 Lubrizol Corp Composiciones a base de aceite.
US5858929A (en) * 1995-06-09 1999-01-12 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition for providing anti-shudder friction durability performance for automatic transmissions
US5622923A (en) * 1995-06-16 1997-04-22 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating compositions, functional fluids and greases containing thiophosphorus esters or their salts with a oxyalkylene group, and methods of using the same
CA2217862A1 (fr) * 1995-07-17 1997-02-06 Ricardo Alfredo Bloch Liquides partiellement synthetiques pour boites de vitesses, ayant des proprietes a basse temperature ameliorees
US5641733A (en) * 1995-07-17 1997-06-24 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Automatic transmission fluids of improved viscometric properties
US5866519A (en) * 1995-07-17 1999-02-02 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Automatic transmission fluids of improved viscometric properties
US5646099A (en) * 1995-07-17 1997-07-08 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Automatic transmission fluids of improved viscometric properties
JP4334623B2 (ja) * 1996-06-12 2009-09-30 出光興産株式会社 自動変速機用潤滑油組成物
US6613722B1 (en) * 1997-03-07 2003-09-02 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Lubricating composition

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8299005B2 (en) 2006-05-09 2012-10-30 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Lubricating oil composition
US7989408B2 (en) 2007-04-10 2011-08-02 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Fuel economy lubricant compositions
US10947474B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2021-03-16 Valvoline Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc Friction modifier for motor oil

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WO2001088067A2 (fr) 2001-11-22
ATE274567T1 (de) 2004-09-15
WO2001088067A3 (fr) 2002-04-11
GB0011931D0 (en) 2000-07-05
PT1299509E (pt) 2005-01-31
EP1299509A2 (fr) 2003-04-09
DE60105165T2 (de) 2005-09-08
DE60105165D1 (de) 2004-09-30
AU7052501A (en) 2001-11-26
ES2227234T3 (es) 2005-04-01

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