Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
  • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
  • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
  • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/04—Payment circuits
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
  • G06Q20/12—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
  • G06Q20/20—Point-of-sale [POS] network systems
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
  • G06Q20/20—Point-of-sale [POS] network systems
  • G06Q20/204—Point-of-sale [POS] network systems comprising interface for record bearing medium or carrier for electronic funds transfer or payment credit
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/32—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using wireless devices
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/32—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using wireless devices
  • G06Q20/327—Short range or proximity payments by means of M-devices
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
  • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
  • G06Q20/363—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes with the personal data of a user
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q30/00—Commerce
  • G06Q30/06—Buying, selling or leasing transactions
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
  • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
  • G07F7/0866—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by active credit-cards adapted therefor
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
  • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
  • G07F7/0873—Details of the card reader
  • G07F7/088—Details of the card reader the card reader being part of the point of sale [POS] terminal or electronic cash register [ECR] itself
  • G07F7/0886—Details of the card reader the card reader being part of the point of sale [POS] terminal or electronic cash register [ECR] itself the card reader being portable for interacting with a POS or ECR in realizing a payment transaction

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a transaction system and method, and more particularly to a transaction system and method comprising a personal transaction identification and control device.
• One embodiment of the present invention relates to a system and method for purchasing a offline product.
• Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a system and method for temporary access to a product by means of a smart card.
• These personal identification devices can be, for example, a credit card.
• These personal identification devices include an element which makes it possible to link the user of the device, to a money or credit account held by this user.
• Such an element making it possible to make this link is a magnetic strip affixed to a plastic card, which includes a code specific to the user's account, or even an electronic chip comprising such a code specific to the user's account.
• the following steps are performed to carry out a traditional transaction charged to a user's credit card account when purchasing merchandise from a retailer having an interface machine capable of reading the tapes magnetic credit cards: (a) the amount of the transaction is sent to the interface machine in an appropriate manner (by a keyboard provided on the machine, or by the transfer of this information via a link with an electronic cash register or a computer); (b) the user notes the amount displayed on the interface machine, and if he accepts the amount of this transaction, then: (c) the employee of the retailer swipes the credit card in the magnetic stripe reader of the interface machine, which then obtains, in coded form, the identification code associated with the credit card account of the card holder; (d) the interface machine then contacts the financial institution that issued the card, to verify, using the information concerning the card holder's account, that the client's account is in good order , and taking into account the credit limit, the financial institution accepts the transaction, applies it to the client's account, and transmits a confirmation message of the transaction to the
• a magnetic stripe debit card transaction For a magnetic stripe debit card transaction, the steps are similar to that of a credit card transaction, except that the account joined by the interface machine will be a bank account, and the transfer of money will then be made immediately from the debit card holder's account to the retailer's account. Also, no signature is usually required for transactions made with a debit card, but a personal identification number known only to the card holder, must be entered on the keyboard of the interface machine. to authorize the transaction. This personal identification number stamped on the keyboard of the interface machine is verified by the interface machine, which ensures that it corresponds to the personal identification number of the user who is associated with the bank account of the user.
• the card is only a simple tool to allow the financial institution, through the interface machine located at the retailer, to identify which account should be charged for the monetary transaction that takes place at the retailer.
• the amount indicated on the display screen of the interface machine is not the same as the amount traded between the interface machine and the financial institution, fraud is possible, since the card holder has no control over the amount to be transacted.
• the present invention relates to a point of sale transaction method via a DPPICT comprising the following steps: a) transmitting the amount of the transaction to said DPPICT; b) indicate the amount of the transaction via a communication device of said DPPICT; c) validate said transaction; and d) apply said transaction to a financial source associated with said DPPICT.
• the present invention also relates to a method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (d), said transaction is applied to a financial source associated with said DPPICT which is not located on said DPPICT according to the steps following:
• step (c) said transaction is validated on said DPPICT.
• step (d) said transaction is applied directly to a financial source associated with said DPPICT which is located on said DPPICT.
• said DPPICT is an electronic wallet.
• the present invention also relates to a method for an individual who is the holder of a DPPICT to complete a transaction at a point of sale through said DPPICT, said method comprising the following steps: a) transmitting the amount of the transaction at an interface machine of said point of sale; b) establishing communication between said interface machine and said DPPICT; c) transmit from said interface machine to said DPPICT the amount of the transaction; d) indicate to the holder of said DPPICT the amount of the transaction via a communication device of said DPPICT; e) validation of the transaction by the holder of said DPPICT; f) encode the amount of the transaction on said DPPICT with an electronic signature specific to said DPPICT; g) transmit the amount of the encoded transaction from said DPPICT to said interface machine; h) transmit the transaction amount encoded from said interface machine to a financial institution of the holder of said DPPICT associated with said DPPICT; i) decode the nature and amount of the transaction
• said DPPICT is a debit smart card.
• the transmission of the transaction amount to said interface machine of said point of sale in step (a) is done by means of a keyboard provided on said interface machine.
• DPPICT of step (b) is established by direct contact between an electronic chip provided on said DPPICT and said interface machine.
• step (b) the communication between the interface machine and the DPPICT of step (b) is established by optical waves between an electronic chip provided on said DPPICT and said interface machine.
• the communication between the interface machine and the DPPICT of step (b) is established only if a personal identification code is punched on a keyboard provided on said interface machine.
• the communication to the holder of the DPPICT of the amount of the transaction of step (d), is done via a display screen provided on said DPPICT which displays the amount of the transaction, allowing visual inspection of this amount by the holder of the said DPPICT.
• the validation of the transaction by the holder of said DPPICT of step (e) is carried out by means of a validation button provided on said DPPICT.
• the validation of the transaction by the holder of said DPPICT of step (e) is carried out by means of a validation button provided on said interface machine.
• the validation of the transaction by the holder of said DPPICT of step (e) is carried out by means of a biometric parameter detector provided on said DPPICT.
• said biometric parameter detector is a fingerprint detector.
• the validation of the transaction by the holder of said DPPICT of step (e) is carried out in addition by means of a validation button provided on said DPPICT.
• the validation of the transaction by the holder of said DPPICT of step (e) is carried out by means of at least two sequential or simultaneous validation operations.
• said encoding on the DPPICT of the amount of the transaction in step (f) is done by means of an electronic signature specific to the DPPICT in the form of a cryptographic code.
• the present invention also relates to a point of sale transaction system via a DPPICT comprising: a) means for transmitting the amount of the transaction to said DPPICT; b) means for indicating the amount of the transaction via a communication device of said DPPICT; c) means for validating said transaction; and d) means for applying said transaction to a financial source associated with said DPPICT.
• the present invention also relates to a transaction system according to claim 21, characterized in that said financial source is not located on the smart card, said means for applying said transaction to said financial source associated with said DPPICT comprising: means for encoding the amount of the transaction on said DPPICT with an electronic signature specific to said DPPICT;
• the invention also relates to a system for an individual who is the holder of a DPPICT to complete a transaction at a point of sale via said DPPICT, said system comprising:
• the present invention also relates to a method for the purchase of a delayed product by means of a portable transaction device (DPT) which includes an electronic chip, comprising the following steps: a) establishing communication between said DPT and a first interface machine; b) a transaction code associated with said product is downloaded to said DPT from said first interface machine, said DPT storing said transaction code in memory; c) the communication between said first interface machine and said DPT is interrupted; d) establishing communication between said DPT and a second interface machine; e) said transaction code associated with said product is downloaded to said second interface machine from said DPT; and f) delivering said product associated with said transaction code.
• DPT portable transaction device
• the present invention also relates to a method for the purchase of a delayed product by a customer holding a smart card, from a product supplier having a terminal, comprising the following steps:
• the product supplier reserves the product selected by the customer; (e) the product supplier associates a transaction code with the reserved product;
• said first interface machine downloads said transaction code to said smart card, which stores it in memory; (h) communication is broken between said smart card and said first interface machine;
• said transaction code is downloaded from the point of sale interface machine to the terminal of the product supplier; (1) the product supplier associates the reserved product with said transaction code;
• the method also comprises the following step, between steps (a) and (b):
• said first interface machine and said point of sale interface machine are one and the same interface machine.
• said first interface machine and said point of sale interface machine are physically located at different locations.
• said smart card is provided with prerecorded personal data associated with the client, said method further comprising the following steps, between steps (a) and (b):
• said personal data pre-recorded on said smart card is downloaded to said first interface machine;
• said personal data is downloaded from said first interface machine to said terminal of the product supplier; and
• said product provider terminal provides said interface machine with a list of products based on personal data downloaded from the client to said product provider terminal; and in that, in said step (b), the customer selects the product he wishes to buy from said list of products provided by said terminal of the product supplier.
• the present invention also relates to a system for the purchase of a delayed product by means of a DPPICT, comprising: a) means for establishing communication between said DPPICT and a first interface machine; b) means for downloading onto said DPPICT, from said first interface machine, a transaction code associated with said product, said DPPICT recording said transaction code in memory; c) means for interrupting communication between said first interface machine and said DPPICT d) means for establishing communication between said DPPICT and a second interface machine; e) means for downloading to said second interface machine, from said DPPICT, said transaction code associated with said product; and f) means for delivering said product associated with said transaction code.
• the present invention also relates to a system for the purchase of a delayed product by a customer holding a smart card, from a product supplier having a terminal, said system comprising: (a) means for establishing communication between said customer's smart card and a first interface machine;
• (j) means for said transaction code to be downloaded from the smart card to the point of sale interface machine
• (k) means for said transaction code to be downloaded from the point of sale interface machine to the terminal of the product supplier; (1) means for the product supplier to associate the reserved product with said transaction code;
• (m) means for the product supplier to download the data associated with said reserved product to said point of sale interface machine
• (p) means for the customer to pay for the product by means of said smart card.
• the present invention also relates to a method of temporary access to a product accessible via an access device, by means of a smart card, comprising the following steps: a) reserving the product and choosing access conditions temporary to the product by means of said smart card via a first interface machine; b) an access code associated with said reserved product and with said temporary access conditions is downloaded onto said smart card, which stores it in memory; c) said access code is downloaded from said smart card to a second interface machine capable of controlling said access device; d) it is verified by means of said second interface machine that said temporary access conditions associated with said access code are met, and if so, said access device is controlled so that it allows access to said product; and e) payment is made for temporary access to said product at any time after step (a) by means of said smart card.
• the present invention also relates to a method of temporary access to a product from a product supplier and accessible via an access device, by a customer holding a smart card, comprising the following steps: a) communication is established between said customer's smart card and a first interface machine capable of communicating with a terminal of the product supplier; b) the customer selects the desired product as well as the temporary conditions of access to this product on said terminal of the product supplier via said first interface machine; c) said product is reserved on said terminal of the product supplier; d) said terminal of the product supplier stores in memory an access code associated with said reserved product and said temporary access conditions associated with said reserved product; e) said terminal of the product supplier downloads said access code associated with said product onto said smart card, which stores it in memory, via said first interface machine; f) the communication between said smart card and said first interface machine is broken; g) communication is established between said smart card and a second interface machine associated with said reserved product, said second interface machine being capable of communicating with said terminal of the product supplier and being capable of controlling said access device
• the present invention also relates to a method of temporary access to a product of a product supplier and accessible via an access device, by a customer holding a smart card, said method comprising the following steps: a ) communication is established between said customer's smart card and a first interface machine; b) communication is established between said first interface machine and a terminal of the product supplier; c) the customer selects the desired product as well as temporary access conditions to this product on said first interface machine; d) the data associated with said product and with said selected temporary access conditions are downloaded from said first interface machine to said terminal of the product supplier; e) said product is indicated reserved on said terminal of the product supplier; f) said terminal of the product supplier stores in memory said temporary access conditions associated with said reserved product and associates them with an access code; g) said terminal of the product supplier downloads said product access code to said first interface machine; h) said first interface machine downloads said access code to said product to said smart card, which stores it in memory; i) the communication between said smart card and said first interface machine is broken;
• said second interface machine downloads said access code to said terminal of the product supplier; m) said product supplier verifies that said temporary access conditions associated with said access code are met, and if so downloads an access message to said second interface machine; n) on receipt of said access message, said second interface machine controls said access device so that it allows client access to said product; and m) the customer pays for the temporary access to said product by means of said smart card either between steps (c) and (i) exclusively, or after step (j).
• said temporary conditions of access to said product include access limited in time.
• the method also comprises the following step between steps (b) and (c):
• step (b1) also includes downloading restrictions to the temporary access conditions associated with said product from said terminal of the product supplier to said first interface machine, and in that the selection of said temporary access conditions in step (c) is done taking into account said restrictions to the conditions of temporary access.
• the present invention also relates to a system for temporary access to a product accessible via an access device, by means of a smart card, comprising: a) means for reserving the product and choosing conditions for temporary access to the produced by means of said smart card via a first interface machine; b) means for downloading an access code associated with said reserved product and with said temporary access conditions onto said smart card, which stores it in memory; c) means for downloading said access code from said smart card to a second interface machine capable of controlling said access device; d) means for verifying by means of said second interface machine that said temporary access conditions associated with said access code are met, and means so that, if so, said access device is controlled so that 'it allows access to said product; and e) means for paying for temporary access to said product at any time after step (a) by means of said smart card.
• the invention also relates to a system for temporary access to a product from a product supplier and accessible via an access device, by a customer holding a smart card, comprising: a) means for establishing communication between said customer's smart card and a first interface machine capable of communicating with a terminal of the product supplier; b) means for selecting the customer the desired product as well as the conditions for temporary access to this product on said terminal of the product supplier via said first interface machine; c) means for reserving said product on said terminal of the product supplier; d) means for said terminal of the product supplier to store in memory an access code associated with said reserved product and said temporary access conditions associated with said reserved product; e) means for said terminal of the product supplier to download said access code associated with said product to said smart card, which stores it in memory, via said first interface machine; f) means for breaking the communication between said smart card and said first interface machine; g) means for establishing communication between said smart card and a second interface machine associated with said reserved product, said second interface machine being capable of communicating with said product supplier and
• the invention also relates to a system for the temporary access to a product of a product supplier and accessible via an access device, by a customer holding a smart card, said system comprising: a) means for establishing communication between said customer's smart card and a first interface machine; b) means for establishing communication between said first interface machine and a terminal of the product supplier; c) means for the customer to select the desired product as well as temporary access conditions to this product on said first interface machine; d) means so that the data associated with said product and with said selected temporary access conditions are downloaded from said first interface machine to said terminal of the product supplier; e) means so that said product is indicated reserved on said terminal of the product supplier; f) means for said terminal of the product supplier to store in memory said temporary access conditions associated with said reserved product and associate an access code with them; g) means for said terminal of the product supplier to download said product access code to said first interface machine; h) means for said first interface machine to download said access code to said product to said smart card, which stores it in memory; i)
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the transaction system in accordance with the present invention
• Figure 2 is an elevational view of the end of the smart card of Figure
• FIG. 3 is a diagram showing steps of an implementation of the transaction method in accordance with the present invention.
• FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the system for purchasing a delayed product according to the present invention.
• FIG. 5 is a diagram showing steps in carrying out the method of purchasing a delayed product according to the present invention
• Figure 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the temporary access system to a product according to the present invention
• FIG. 7 is a diagram showing steps of an implementation of the method of temporary access to a product in accordance with the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a diagram showing steps of another embodiment of the method of temporary access to a product according to the present invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a transaction system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• the transaction system 10 comprises an interface machine, which is here represented in the form of a debit machine 12, the latter being connected to a point of sale terminal 14, by a suitable communication system, for example by fiber optics or a wireless communication system.
• the terminal 14 can be, for example, an electronic cash register or a computer.
• the debit machine 12 is also connected, via an adequate network, for example a fiber optic network or a wireless communication system, to a terminal of a financial institution 18, for example the terminal of a bank.
• This link can be coded using an encryption system, as is obvious for someone skilled in the art of transmitting data in confidential form through computer systems.
• the flow machine 12 is optionally provided with an interface, comprising for example one or more of the following elements: a display screen 20, an indicator light 22, a keyboard comprising keys 24, and a single button d authorization 25.
• the debit machine 12 also comprises a communication device 26, which is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 in the form of a slot for smart cards, but which can be in any acceptable form of known communication , for example an optical reader and an optical transmitter making it possible to receive and send information in the form of optical waves.
• the transaction system 10 further comprises a personal portable transaction identification and control device (DPPICT), illustrated in the example of FIG. 1 in the form of a smart card 28, which can have a conventional format.
• the smart card 28 comprises an electronic chip 30, and a communication device 32 complementary to the communication device 26 of the debit machine 12; therefore, if by example the communication device 26 of the debit machine 12 is an arrangement of optical transmitter and receiver, then the communication device 32 of the smart card 28 is then also an arrangement of optical transmitter and receiver capable of communicating with the optical transmitters and receivers of the debit machine 12.
• the communication device of the smart card 28 is connected to the electronic chip 30.
• the smart card 28 furthermore comprises an interface device allowing at least the transmission of information and connected to the electronic chip 30.
• This interface device of the smart card 28 can comprise a small loudspeaker capable of '' emit sound messages; a device capable of transmitting messages in Braille; or, as illustrated in FIG. 1, can include a display screen 34 also connected to the electronic chip 30. No matter what exact format the interface device of the smart card 28 takes, it must be able at the very least to transmit or communicate information to the card holder.
• the interface device of the chip card 28 can moreover comprise one or both of the following elements: a keyboard comprising a single key 36 connected to the chip 30 or several keys (not shown) connected to the chip 30, and a biometric parameter detector such as a fingerprint detector 38 connected to the chip 30.
• the system 10 is suitable for use when purchasing a product which may be a good or a service, at a point of sale, and this by a customer.
• the smart card 28 is the property of the customer.
• the customer wishing to carry out a transaction for the purchase of his product can pay using his debit card 28.
• the amount of the purchase is communicated to the debit machine 12, which then waits for communication to be established with the customer's card.
• the amount of the purchase can be communicated to the debit machine 12 by directly punching in the information on its keyboard 24, or alternatively this amount can be downloaded to the debit machine 12 from the point of sale terminal. sale 14.
• the debit machine 12 transmits to the electronic chip 30 of the debit card 28, the amount of the transaction. This amount is then indicated to the customer, via the display screen 34 which allows him to visually note the amount of the transaction on his smart card 28. The amount can optionally also be indicated on the screen d display 20 of the debit machine 12. If the customer accepts the amount of the transaction as indicated on the display screen 34 of the smart card 30, then he validates the transaction.
• the validation of the transaction by the customer can be done according to at least one, or alternatively several, of the following methods: by pressing the validation button 36 located on the card 28, or on an arrangement of keys (not illustrated ) located on map 28; by applying his finger to the fingerprint detector 38 located on the card 28; by pressing the validation button 25 located on the debit machine 12, or by using an appropriate combination of the keys 24 of the debit machine 12.
• At least one method of personal authentication associated with the client will be used to validate the transaction, for example the detection of a fingerprint or the entry of a secret personal identification number (PIN) known only to the customer, which is stamped either on the keyboard 24 of the debit machine 12, or on the keys (not shown) of the smart card 28, which can be located directly on the screen if the latter is in the form of a touch screen, for example.
• PIN personal identification number
• the electronic chip 30 on the debit card encoded the amount of the transaction by means of an electronic signature which will confirm that the amount of the transaction does indeed come from the client's card.
• the transaction amount thus coded is then routed to the financial institution 18 from the debit machine 12, where the customer's account is debited from the transaction amount, after this transaction amount has been decoded and that the identification of the debit card holder has been confirmed. Then, the financial institution 18 can finally send a confirmation to the debit machine 12, to indicate that the customer's account has been debited for the amount of the transaction.
• the customer controls himself the amount which will be debited to his account, since his account will be debited from the amount which will have been authorized by the client, and this amount will be encoded using '' a signature specific to the card of customer, thus preventing the amount from being tampered with at the point of sale of the product purchased or between the interface machine and the financial institution.
• the transaction system 10 may be applicable to a credit transaction rather than a debit transaction.
• a credit transaction a credit chip card is used in place of a debit chip card, and the customer's account in the financial institution is an account in a credit company.
• the purchase of a product can be done during the transaction in exchange for money currencies, or other appropriate exchange units, for example promotional points credited to the buyer's account.
• the method according to the present invention for allowing an individual who is the holder of a personal portable transaction identification and control device (DPPICT) to complete a transaction at a point of sale by the the intermediary of its DPPICT comprises the following steps, as illustrated in FIG.
• the DPPICT (66); and j) sending a confirmation message of the transaction by the financial institution to the point of sale interface machine (68).
• the DPPICT can be any form of credit or debit smart card, or any other portable device including an electronic chip and making it possible to carry out the steps of the method according to the present invention, for example an electronic wallet .
• Transmission of the transaction amount to the point of sale interface machine can be done by any acceptable form of transmission. If a keyboard is provided on the interface machine, then the amount can be punched on the keyboard. Alternatively, voice recognition software can be provided in the interface machine, as well as an electronic chip, and means for picking up the voice of a person such as a microphone. Alternatively, the amount can be downloaded from the point of sale terminal to the interface machine.
• Communication between the interface machine and the DPPICT can be established in any acceptable manner, for example by direct contact between an electronic chip provided on the DPPICT and the interface machine, by magnetic waves, by optical waves, or other .
• this communication is only established if a personal identification code is stamped on the keyboard 24 of the interface machine, or even on a keyboard provided on the DPPICT itself (not shown).
• another form of authorization required from the user for the communication to be established between the DPPICT and the interface machine for example an authorization button located on the DPPICT.
• the transmission amount of the transaction from the interface machine to the DPPICT is transmitted via the pre-established link.
• the indication of the amount of the transaction to the DPPICT holder can be done via any appropriate communication device which is provided on the DPPICT.
• the DPPICT may be provided with the display screen 34 which will display the amount of the transaction, allowing visual inspection of this amount by the holder of the DPPICT.
• the DPPICT can be equipped with appropriate software and a miniature amplification system, as well as a loudspeaker allowing the DPPICT to transmit the amount of the transaction to its holder by sound waves.
• the validation of the transaction by the DPPICT holder will take place in several different forms.
• a validation button can be provided on the card, with electrical contact established mechanically when the button is pressed (button 36 in FIG.
• This validation button can alternatively be located on the interface machine (button 25 in FIG. 1). It is also possible that the validation takes place only if a personal biometric parameter of the holder is not validly recognized by the DPPICT, the DPPICT then being provided with an appropriate biometric parameter detector. For example, we can consider voice recognition software, coupled with a microphone, which will verify that the voice of the DPPICT holder is correct by comparing sound waves. Alternatively, a fingerprint detector 38 can be provided on the DPPICT so that it verifies the authenticity of the holder of the DPPICT when the latter applies his finger to the detector 38.
• the validation of the transaction by the DPPICT holder can also be done by any combination of two or more validation means.
• the validation of the transaction will only be carried out if, for example, two fingerprint detectors located on the front and back of the card, are not engaged at the same time by the appropriate fingers of the DPPICT holder. .
• validation may only be performed if an appropriate fingerprint is detected, and a validation button on the card is punched.
• the validation button and the fingerprint sensor could be physically located in the same place on the card, so that a single application of the finger of the DPPICT holder is sufficient.
• the transaction amount is encoded on the DPPICT by means of an electronic signature specific to the DPPICT. More particularly, this signature can be in several different forms. It is thus envisaged that the signature is a cryptographic code which will make the amount of the transaction illegible for anyone except the financial institution which holds the key to the cryptographic code. For this purpose, we consider for example the use of a system of public keys and private keys, where the DPPICT is the sole holder of the private key which allows the encoding of transaction amounts, and where the (or the financial institution (s) hold the public keys used to decode the amount of the transaction received. It will be obvious to the person skilled in the art of encoding to determine how more appropriate and safer to encode the amount of the transaction on the DPPICT.
• the transmission of the transaction amount encoded from the DPPICT to the interface machine is always done by the same link established initially.
• the transmission of the transaction amount encoded from the interface machine to the financial institution of the DPPICT holder is done by any appropriate form of communication, for example, via modems, by communication with or without wires. It is understood that the financial institution of the holder of the DPPICT is associated with the DPPICT insofar as an account of the holder of the DPPICT is associated with the DPPICT and where the financial institution can decode the nature and the encoded amount of the transaction.
• the nature of the transaction refers to the type of transaction that can be made, for example if it is a debit, credit, or other transaction.
• this amount is applied to the account of the DPPICT holder in an appropriate manner depending on the nature of the transaction to be posted to the account.
• the financial institution can be a bank, a credit company, or any other institution where the holder of the DPPICT has an account.
• the financial institution sends a confirmation message of the transaction to the point of sale interface machine again using known means, for example a modem or wireless communication. Once the transaction has been validated by the financial institution, the transaction is completed.
• the method of transaction at a point of sale through a DPPICT can also be defined according to the following steps: a) transmit the amount of the transaction to the DPPICT; b) indicate the amount of the transaction via a communication device of the DPPICT; c) validate the transaction; and d) apply the transaction to a financial source associated with said DPPICT.
• the DPPICT can be a smart card or another device which will communicate with a financial source which is not located on the DPPICT, or alternatively the DPPICT can be an electronic wallet or another similar device who will contact a financial source that is located on the DPPICT. According to this last alternative, the DPPICT must be charged beforehand with a certain amount of money, as is known to do for devices of the electronic wallet type. Thus, the transaction is then applied directly to the financial source of the DPPICT which is then located on the electronic chip of the DPPICT.
• the transaction is applied to a financial source associated with the DPPICT which is not located on said DPPICT, this is done according to the following steps: dl) encode on the DPPICT the amount of the transaction with an electronic signature specific to the PPITCD; d2) transmit the amount of the encoded transaction from the DPPICT to a financial institution associated with the DPPICT; and d3) decode the nature and amount of the transaction and apply the transaction to an account associated with the DPPICT at the financial institution associated with the DPPICT.
• a smart card can be used to buy a product according to a method of purchasing this product offline.
• This smart card can be used as a DPPICT.
• the method of purchasing a delayed product may or may not be performed in combination with the method of completing a transaction as described above.
• the method of purchasing a product is done in accordance with the diagram in FIG. 4.
• a customer holding a chip card 100 which can be a debit card, a credit card or an electronic wallet, comes into contact with a first interface machine 102 by means of its chip card 100, with the aim of purchasing any product.
• the product can be a good, a service, and the term "purchase” includes rental within the meaning of this method of purchasing a delayed product.
• Known authentication methods such as those employing a personal identification number, can be used to verify the identity of the smart card holder.
• the list of available products can be located on the interface machine as such, or alternatively this list of products can be downloaded from the terminal of a supplier 104 of this product with which the interface machine can be in communication by known means, for example a modem or wireless communication.
• the customer Once the product has been selected, the customer must indicate that he reserves it, and can pay for this product, according to the payment policy of the product supplier.
• a customer account associated with his smart card for example a bank account, a credit account, or even a currency account located on the smart card itself (which is then an electronic wallet) - this account , therefore, is debited from the amount associated with the purchase of the selected product.
• the data associated with the product purchased is downloaded from the first interface machine 102 to the terminal of the product supplier 104, and this product is indicated appropriately in the database of the product supplier as being reserved.
• the product provider's terminal 104 then associates a transaction code with this purchased product, and this transaction code is recorded in association with the product on the product provider's terminal 104, and this code is also downloaded to the machine.
• interface 102 then on the chip card 100 from the interface machine 102.
• the transaction code is recorded and stored in memory by the chip card 102.
• the intervention of the product supplier can be automated to the extent that the terminal of the product supplier 104 is provided with adequate software, that is to say that the terminal provided with this adequate software can provide a list of products available to the interface machine, receive the reservation order for a product, indicate the product as reserved in the inventory of the terminal of the product supplier, associate a transaction code with the product, then download this transaction code to the interface machine, without human intervention.
• an individual interacting with the terminal of the product supplier 104 can manually control the terminal 104 so that the relevant steps are accomplished. It is envisaged, in accordance with an alternative of the present invention, that a certain number of personal data are pre-recorded on the smart card.
• This personal data is of course specific to the card holder, and may include, in a non-exclusive manner: the name of the holder, his address, his telephone number, his preferences concerning certain particular products, etc.
• This personal data can be downloaded from the smart card to the interface machine 102, then to the terminal of the product supplier 104, to be recorded there until the delivery of the product.
• the chip card 100 Once the transaction code has been received by the chip card 100, the reservation and purchase of the product are completed, and the communication between the chip card 100 and the first interface machine 102 is broken.
• the customer wishes to take possession of the reserved and purchased product, he establishes communication between his chip card and a point of sale interface machine 106, where the reserved product can be delivered.
• the transaction code pre-recorded on the smart card is then downloaded from the smart card 100 to the interface machine of the point of sale 106, then from the latter to the product supplier 104, which then associates the product purchased to the transaction code.
• the product supplier 104 then downloads the data on the reserved product to the point of sale interface machine 106, and the product is delivered to the customer as appropriate, either manually or automatically. Then the communication between the smart card 100 and the point of sale interface machine is broken.
• the first interface machine 102 is the same as the point of sale interface machine 106.
• this method of purchasing a delayed product can be applied to the purchase of an airline ticket.
• the steps followed in this example are as follows: (a) the customer establishes communication between his smart card and an ATM (which is the first interface machine);
• the transaction code is downloaded from the airline's terminal to the ATM, then from the ATM to the smart card, where it is stored in memory;
• the transaction code is then downloaded from the airline ticket dispensing machine to the terminal of the airline company, which then associates the reserved airline ticket with this transaction code; .
• the plane ticket dispensing machine prints and delivers the plane ticket to the customer, or alternatively access to the plane is immediately granted to the customer;
• personal data of the customer are pre-recorded on his chip card, for later use during the purchase of the product as deferred as described above.
• This data may include his name, address details, and preferences.
• the customer's personal data may include his name, address, seat positioning preferences on the plane, his food allergies if he has them, his hours of work preferences. departure during the day, etc.
• the ATM may already have obtained his personal data from the customer's smart card, so that only tickets corresponding to the customer's preferences are offered to him.
• the customer selects the desired product from the list of available products which correspond to his pre-recorded preferences.
• the customer does not have to provide information concerning his personal details, which are also downloaded from the smart card to the interface machine, such as his address, etc.
• transaction code could be kept for an indefinite time or determined on the chip card, for subsequent access by means of the chip card to the product of the product supplier.
• the method of purchasing a delayed product includes the following steps, as illustrated in FIG. 5: (a) communication is established between the customer's smart card and a first machine d 'interface (110);
• the data associated with the selected product is downloaded from the first interface machine to the terminal of the product supplier (114); (d) the product supplier reserves the product selected by the customer (116);
• the product supplier associates a transaction code with the reserved product (118);
• the first interface machine downloads the transaction code to the smart card, which stores it in memory (122);
• the transaction code is downloaded from the point of sale interface machine to the product provider terminal (130); (1) the product supplier associates the reserved product with the transaction code (132);
• the method for the purchase of a delayed product can be accomplished by means of a portable transaction device (DPT) which includes an electronic chip, such as for example a smart card or an electronic wallet, and comprises the steps following: a) establishing communication between the DPT and a first interface machine; b) a transaction code associated with the product is downloaded from the first interface machine to the DPT, the DPT recording the transaction code in memory; c) the communication between the first interface machine and the DPT is interrupted; d) establishing communication between the DPT and a second interface machine; e) the transaction code associated with the product is downloaded to the second interface machine from the DPT; and we deliver the product associated with the transaction code.
• DPT portable transaction device
• a smart card which can also be used in accordance with the transaction method described above, which may or may not be a DPPICT, and which can also be used or not in agreement with the purchase method of a delayed product described above, can be used within the framework of a system and a method of temporary access to a product by means of this smart card.
• FIG. 6 schematically illustrates the system and the method of temporary access to a product according to the present invention.
• a product supplier 200 which offers a certain number of products 202 for rental for a limited period of time. These products can be goods or services, for example vehicles for rent or accommodation for rent. All products are appropriately linked to a terminal 204 of the product supplier, either permanently or on an ad hoc basis.
• a user can have access to one or more products of the product supplier via a smart card 206.
• the smart card 206 can be for example a debit smart card, a credit smart card, or an electronic wallet.
• a customer can establish communication between his chip card 206 and an appropriate interface machine 208, in known manner. Via this interface machine 208, the client can obtain from the terminal 204 of the product supplier 200, the list of available products 202, and select one or more products 202a from the available products 202.
• the product supplier reserves the product 202a for a determined period of time, in accordance with the customer's request.
• An access code is then downloaded from the terminal 204 of the product supplier 200, to the interface machine 208, then to the smart card 206, where the access code is stored in the memory of the smart card.
• instructions concerning the instructions for accessing the product 202a selected by the customer are downloaded from the terminal of the product supplier 204 to an interface machine 210a associated with the product 202a selected by the customer. The link between the smart card 206 and the interface machine 208 can then be broken.
• the customer wishes to take possession of the selected product 202a for the period of time to which he is entitled to the product 202a, he establishes communication in a known manner between his chip card 206 and the interface machine 210a associated with the product 202a.
• the interface machine 210a then downloads from the smart card 206 the access code which has been recorded there, and verifies that this code as well as the rental conditions of the product 202a, indeed correspond to the instructions received from the terminal 204. In if so, access to product 202a is granted, via an access device 212a associated with product 202a. If not, access to product 202a is refused.
• Access device 212b does not would then not allow access to product 202b to which the customer cannot have access according to the rental conditions which he has established with the supplier of product 200.
• the access devices 212a, 212b can be an electrically controlled lock, or any other device allowing selective access of the customer to the product, provided that the access conditions are encountered when the customer's smart card is put in communication with the interface machines 210 associated with the products 202.
• the instructions concerning the conditions of access to the product 202a selected by the customer are not downloaded from the terminal 204 to the interface machine 210a associated with the product 202a, but rather kept in memory on the product provider terminal.
• the interface machine When the smart card 206 is put in communication with the interface machine 210a associated with the product 202a by the customer who wishes to have access to the product 202a, the interface machine then communicates with the terminal 204, and downloads the code access from the smart card to route it to the terminal 204.
• the terminal 204 then associates the access code with the conditions of access to the product, and if the conditions are met, then an access right message is downloaded from terminal 204 to the interface machine 210a, which then controls the access device 212a to allow access to the product 202a.
• a client wishes to rent a hotel room for two nights.
• his smart card Using his smart card, he inserts it into an automatic teller machine which contacts the hotel terminal where he wishes to have a room. He chooses his room, according to his preferences (which can be pre-recorded in the form of personal data in the memory of the smart card), and reserves the room for the two nights he wishes.
• the hotel terminal downloads an access code onto the card and stores the access instructions associated with this access code in memory. In the case which concerns us, the access instructions are to let the holder of the access code enter the appropriate room during the period during which this room is rented.
• letting the access code holder enter the appropriate room means that the electronic lock on the door leading to the reserved room must be unlockable during the two-day rental period of the room by the customer, when a card with the appropriate access code is put into communication with the machine interface controlling the lock mentioned above.
• the link between the ATM and the smart card can then be broken.
• the client shows up at the hotel for his stay, he can thus have access to the interior of the hotel, and to the interior of his room, thanks to the access code which is recorded on his card, and this during the period of time during which the hotel room was rented.
• the client establishes communication between his smart card and the interface machine controlling the lock in his reserved hotel room.
• the interface machine downloads the access code from the customer's smart card, and routes it to the hotel terminal.
• the terminal compares the access conditions with the downloaded code. More specifically, this comparison is carried out as follows: the access code makes it possible to retrieve the data associated with the rental of the room, namely during which period access to the room is granted, and from which room is it precisely.
• the hotel terminal verifies that the room is the one that has been reserved, and that the moment when access is requested in this room falls well within the period when the room is reserved. If all the conditions are met, then the terminal downloads to the interface machine of the rented room a right of access message, which will result in the interface machine of the rented room controlling the door lock for unlock it. The customer will thus have access to his reserved room by means of his smart card.
• Payment for rental of products 202 can be made at any time, according to the product supplier's payment policy. Thus, it can be envisaged that the payment is made initially when the product 202a is reserved, via the interface machine 208 external to the product supplier. Alternatively, payment can be made once the rental of the product 202a has ended, or even in real time if the interface machine 210a associated with the product 202a is continuously in contact with the smart card 206.
• the method of temporary access to a product from a product supplier and accessible via an access device, by a customer holding a smart card can be defined according to the following steps, as illustrated in the figure. 7: a) communication is established between the customer's smart card and a first interface machine (250); b) communication is established between the first interface machine and a terminal of the product provider (252); c) the customer selects the desired product as well as temporary access conditions to this product on the first interface machine (254); d) the data associated with the product and the selected temporary access conditions are downloaded from the first interface machine to the terminal of the product supplier (255); e) the product is indicated reserved on the terminal of the product supplier (256); f) the terminal of the product supplier stores in memory the temporary access conditions associated with the reserved product and associates them with an access code (258); g) the terminal of the product supplier downloads the product access code (260) to the first interface machine; h) the first interface machine downloads the product access code to the smart card, which stores it in memory (262); i) the
• the second interface machine downloads the transaction code (270) to the terminal of the product supplier; m) the product supplier verifies that the temporary access conditions are met, and if so downloads an access message (272) to the second interface machine; n) the second interface machine controls the access device so that it allows customer access to the product (274); and m) the customer pays for the temporary access to the product using his smart card either between stages (c) and (i) exclusively, or after stage (j).
• the conditions of access to the product can be of several types, but always imply that the access code must be located on the smart card to allow access to the product.
• Examples of access conditions can be access limited in time, either to a particular time interval, or to a time of total availability of the product; or access limited by the use of the product, for example a car to which access is allowed for a certain number of kilometers.
• access conditions which depend on the availability of credit on the smart card. Any other acceptable conditions for temporary access to a product may also be considered.
• step (c) With regard to the selection of the product in step (c), it is envisaged that it is accomplished from a list of products already present on the first interface machine, or alternatively that the product list is previously downloaded to the first interface machine from the terminal of the product supplier.
• the customer must also choose the conditions of temporary access to the product he wishes to obtain. It is understood that these temporary access conditions may be subject to restrictions according to the product supplier's policy, and the customer may therefore choose the temporary access conditions according to the freedom offered by the product supplier in this choice.
• the method of temporary access to a product from a product supplier and accessible via an access device can be summarized as follows, by a customer holding a smart card, such as illustrated in FIG. 8: a) the communication is established between the customer's smart card and a first interface machine capable of communicating with the product terminal of the product supplier (280); b) the customer selects the desired product as well as the temporary conditions of access to this product on the terminal of the product supplier (282); c) the product is reserved on the terminal of the product supplier (284); d) the terminal of the product supplier stores in memory an access code associated with the reserved product and the temporary access conditions associated with the reserved product (286); e) the terminal of the product supplier downloads the access code associated with the product to the smart card, which stores it in memory (288); f) the communication between the smart card and the first interface machine is broken (290); g) communication is established between the smart card and a second interface machine associated with the reserved product and capable of communicating with the product terminal of the product supplier (292); h) the product access
• the present method of temporary access to a product and accessible via an access device, by a customer holding a smart card can be defined according to the following steps: a) the customer reserves the product and chooses temporary access conditions by means of said smart card via a first interface machine; b) an access code associated with said reserved product and with said temporary access conditions is downloaded to said smart card, which stores it in memory; c) said product access code is downloaded from said smart card to a second interface machine capable of controlling said access device; d) said second interface machine verifies that said temporary access conditions associated with said access code are met, and if so controls said access device so that it allows the client to access said product; and e) the customer pays for the temporary access to said product after step (a) by means of said smart card.
• the DPPICT, the DPT or the smart card keeps in memory all the transactions which are carried out.

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• 2001
  • 2001-03-12 AU AU2001237669A patent/AU2001237669A1/en not_active Abandoned
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• 2002
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