EP1295067A1 - Glühstiftkerze - Google Patents
GlühstiftkerzeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1295067A1 EP1295067A1 EP01943162A EP01943162A EP1295067A1 EP 1295067 A1 EP1295067 A1 EP 1295067A1 EP 01943162 A EP01943162 A EP 01943162A EP 01943162 A EP01943162 A EP 01943162A EP 1295067 A1 EP1295067 A1 EP 1295067A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- heating element
- layer
- section
- carrying layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910016006 MoSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polysiloxanes Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001709 polysilazane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in a combustion chamber according to the preamble of the independent claim.
- Glow plugs for arrangement in a combustion chamber are already known which have a metallic housing.
- a rod-shaped heating element is arranged in a concentric bore of the known glow plug, the heating element having a first current-carrying layer and a second current-carrying layer, the cross sections of the first and the second current-carrying layer
- the first and second current-carrying layers are separated by an insulation layer. Glow plugs are also known whose current-carrying layers have different lengths.
- the glow plug according to the invention with the features of the independent claim has the advantage that there is no risk of a short circuit at the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber. Another advantage is that the contact area between the first current-carrying layer and the contact element, which is on the End of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber is arranged, is enlarged. This reduces the contact resistance, which leads to less heating of the contact point. The risk of thermal destruction of the contact material between the heating element and the contact element is thus reduced. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the rod-shaped heating element does not have to be aligned in order to remove an insulating layer located on the rod-shaped heating element in the region in which the contact to the power supply is to take place.
- the measures listed in the subclaims enable advantageous further development and improvement of the glow plug described in the main claim. It is particularly advantageous to also form the insulation layer asymmetrically, so that here too the risk of short-circuiting is reduced due to damage or porosity of an insulation layer applied to the heating element. It is advantageous to extend the area in which the insulation layer is asymmetrically designed in the direction of the combustion chamber beyond the collar of the heating element, since this avoids a summation of the notch effect due to the shape and material.
- the heating element in such a way that in the area in which the first current-carrying layer projects into the housing, an advantageously semi-scaled insulation layer is applied, which consists of electrically insulating ceramic material, the insulation layer being between the first and second current-carrying materials Layer consists of the same material.
- this insulation layer in order not to have to provide additional insulation, it is advantageous to design this insulation layer so that it extends beyond the firing end of the Housing protrudes.
- FIG. 1 shows a glow plug according to the invention schematically in
- Heating element of a glow plug according to the invention schematically in longitudinal section and
- Figure 5 shows the firing end of a glow plug according to the invention in longitudinal section, schematically.
- FIG. 1 the longitudinal section of a glow plug according to the invention is shown schematically.
- the glow plug has a housing 3, which preferably consists of a metallic material, in the concentric, continuous bore of which a heating element is arranged at the end on the combustion chamber side.
- the heating element consists of a first current-carrying layer 11, a second current-carrying layer 12 and an insulation layer 15 lying in between.
- the first current-carrying layer 11 and the second current-carrying layer 12 are am through a conductive layer web 13 connected to the combustion chamber end of the heating element.
- the arrangement of the first current-carrying layer 11, the second current-carrying layer 12 and the conductive layer web 13 described above results in a U-shaped arrangement of the current-carrying layers.
- the electrical contact of the first current-carrying layer 11 takes place at the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber to a contact element 31, which is preferably designed as a graphite tablet or other resilient and conductive element (for example a metal spring).
- the contact element 31 and the end of the connecting bolt 35 on the combustion chamber side, which is arranged on the end of the contact element 31 remote from the combustion chamber, are arranged in a first clamping sleeve 33, the first clamping sleeve 33 having the shape of a hollow cylinder and consisting of electrically insulating material.
- Connecting bolt 35 extends to the end of the glow plug which is remote from the combustion chamber and runs in the inner, concentric bore of the housing 3. Further elements (second clamping sleeve 37 and the metal ring 39) are arranged in this bore, which have the shape of a hollow cylinder and through which the connecting bolt 35 runs.
- a contact plug 40 which represents the connection to the glow plug circuit, is placed on the connecting bolt 35 at the end remote from the combustion chamber.
- a sealing ring 41 is arranged, which seals the inside of the housing of the glow plug from the outside.
- This sealing ring 41 also has the shape of a hollow cylinder.
- the electrical contact of the second current-carrying layer occurs over an area in which the electrically insulating layer 16, which surrounds the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber, is also removed, via the sealing compound 5 to the housing 3.
- the sealing compound 5 is annular around the end remote from the combustion chamber arranged around the heating element and seals the interior of the housing towards the combustion chamber.
- a contact layer 17 can also be applied in the region in which the contact of the second current-carrying layer with the sealing compound 5 is to take place.
- a contact layer 17 can also establish the contact between the first current-carrying layer 11 and the contact element 31 at the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber.
- FIG. 2 shows schematically the longitudinal section through a heating element of a glow plug according to the invention.
- the same reference numerals used in this and the subsequent figures with reference to FIG. 1 denote the same elements. Therefore, these should not be discussed in detail again.
- the first current-carrying layer 11 has a cross section in a first section 21 which is enlarged compared to the cross section of the first current-carrying layer 11 over the remaining length.
- the first current-carrying layer 11 accordingly has an asymmetrical L shape when the longitudinal section is viewed.
- the regions of the first section 21 at the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber that are not filled by the first current-carrying layer 11 are filled by the insulation layer 15.
- the second current-carrying layer 12 does not protrude into this first section 21 of the heating element.
- the first current-carrying layer 11 in the first section 21 is widened to such an extent that the cross section of the first current-carrying layer 11 in this section corresponds to the cross section of the heating element.
- the design of this embodiment can also be seen in FIG. 1.
- the widening of the cross section of the first current-carrying layer 11 ensures that the contact area of the first current-carrying layer 11 with the contact element 31, which is arranged at the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber, is enlarged. This increase in the contact area leads to a reduction in the contact resistance and thus to less heating of this area.
- the first section 21 of the heating element is followed by a second section 22 in which the cross section of the insulation layer 15 compared to the cross section of its remaining length, i.e. the cross-section towards the combustion chamber is enlarged asymmetrically.
- the second current-carrying layer 12 does not protrude into this second section 22 either.
- the end of the second section 22 on the combustion chamber side can be selected such that it is part of the heating element collar (see FIG. 1) or of the heating element shaft (see FIG. 2) or exactly on
- Transition 19 is located between the heating element collar and the heating element shaft.
- the area of the heating element at the end remote from the combustion chamber that has the largest cross section is referred to as the heating element collar.
- the area of the heating element which adjoins the heating element shaft in the direction of the combustion chamber and which does not belong to the heating element collar is referred to as the heating element shaft.
- the end of the second section 22 is preferably not arranged in such a way that it lies exactly at the transition 19 between the heating element shaft and the heating element collar, since an additional notch effect due to the material transition at the particularly stressed point of the transition between the heating element shaft and heating element Covenant is prevented.
- this insulating layer 16 is preferably designed as a glass coating.
- this insulating layer 16 is interrupted or a contact layer 17 is formed which improves the contact between the second current-carrying layer 12 and the sealing compound 5.
- This contact layer 17 can preferably be formed as a metallic layer.
- FIG 3 another embodiment of a heating element of a glow plug according to the invention is shown schematically in longitudinal section.
- This heating element does not have an insulating layer 16 which completely surrounds the end of the heating element on the combustion chamber side, but only an insulating layer 18 in the region in which, without an insulating layer 18, the first current-carrying layer would have contact with the housing 3.
- the insulating layer 18 is preferably half-shell-shaped.
- the insulating layer 18 is applied, is referred to below as the third section 23. It is advantageous if the insulating layer 18 extends from the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber to beyond the edge of the housing. Thus, a short circuit between the first current-carrying layer 11 and the housing 3 is effectively prevented due to the thickness of the insulating layer 18 of up to a few 100 ⁇ m.
- the insulating layer 18 is produced from the material from which the insulating layer 15 is made. For example, a manufacturing process that includes the production of a layer composite between electrically insulating and electrically conductive ceramic layers is possible in a particularly cost-effective manner, since all layers can be produced using the same systems and devices. This saves a process step that involves applying a chemically different layer.
- FIG. 11 A further exemplary embodiment of a heating element of a glow plug according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG.
- the heating element now has on the combustion chamber-distant end of a stepped pin 11 ⁇ , which adjoins the first current-carrying layer 11 and is composed of the material of the first current-carrying layer. 11
- This stepped pin serves for the exact placement of the contacting element 31 and the first one
- Adapter sleeve 33 as is also shown with reference to FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 another embodiment of a glow plug according to the invention is shown schematically in longitudinal section. It was limited to the end of the glow plug on the combustion chamber side. It is to be shown once again with the aid of this drawing that the insulation layer 18 or the third section 23 extends from the end of the heating element lying against the combustion chamber to the edge of the housing 3 on the combustion chamber side.
- a first clamping sleeve 33 and a contact element 31 connect to the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber.
- the combustion chamber facing end face of the pin 11 ⁇ of the second insulation layer 11 may be provided with a contact layer 17 which improves the contact between the first insulation layer 11 and the contact element 31.
- the first current-carrying layer 11 and the second current-carrying layer exist in all exemplary embodiments
- the insulation layer 15 consists of electrically insulating material.
- the ceramic, electrically conductive and electrically insulating materials are preferably ceramic composite structures which contain at least two of the compounds Al 2 O 3 , MoSi 2 , Si 3 4 and Y 2 O3. These composite structures can be obtained by a single or multi-stage sintering process.
- the specific resistance of the layers can preferably be determined by the oSi 2 content and / or the grain size of oSi 2 , the MoSi 2 content of the first and second current-carrying layers 11, 12 and the conductive layer web 13 is preferably higher than the MoSi 2 content of the insulation layer 15.
- the matrix of this material consists of polysiloxanes, polysilsequioxanes, polysilanes or polysilazanes, which can be doped with boron or aluminum and which are produced by pyrolysis.
- the filler forms at least one of the compounds Al 2 O 3 , MoSi 2 and SiC for the individual layers.
- the MoSi 2 content and / or the grain size of oSi 2 can preferably determine the specific resistance of the layers.
- the oSi 2 content of the first and the second is preferably live Layer 11, 12 and the conductive layer web 13 are set higher than the oSi 2 content of the insulation layer 15.
- compositions of the insulation layer 15, the first and the second current-carrying layer 11, 12 and the conductive layer web 13 are selected in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments so that their thermal expansion coefficients and the shrinkage of the individual supply and conductive layer web which occur during the sintering or pyrolysis process - and insulation layers are the same, so that there are no cracks in the glow plug.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10030924 | 2000-06-24 | ||
DE10030924A DE10030924A1 (de) | 2000-06-24 | 2000-06-24 | Glühstiftkerze |
PCT/DE2001/002032 WO2002001112A1 (de) | 2000-06-24 | 2001-05-26 | Glühstiftkerze |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1295067A1 true EP1295067A1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
EP1295067B1 EP1295067B1 (de) | 2004-11-24 |
Family
ID=7646734
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01943162A Expired - Lifetime EP1295067B1 (de) | 2000-06-24 | 2001-05-26 | Glühstiftkerze |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6727472B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1295067B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5038575B2 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ2002546A3 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10030924A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2231507T3 (de) |
HU (1) | HU224593B1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL352576A1 (de) |
SK (1) | SK2342002A3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002001112A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005029837A1 (de) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glühstiftkerze |
DE102006062309A1 (de) | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glühstiftkerze |
US20100078421A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-01 | Federal-Mogul Italy Sr1 | Glow plug adn heater assembly therefor with an improved connection between a central electrode and a heater probe of the heater assembly |
DE102013215269A1 (de) | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glühstiftkerze mit einem Heizelement mit innen liegender Kontaktierung, und Herstellungsverfahren derselben |
FR3025153B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-12-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Bougie de prechauffage |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE142714C (de) * | ||||
US4486651A (en) * | 1982-01-27 | 1984-12-04 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Ceramic heater |
US4475029A (en) * | 1982-03-02 | 1984-10-02 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Ceramic heater |
JPS62141423A (ja) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-24 | Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd | デイ−ゼルエンジン用グロ−プラグ |
DE3701929A1 (de) * | 1986-01-22 | 1987-08-13 | Jidosha Kiki Co | Gluehkerze fuer eine dieselmaschine |
JPS62148869U (de) * | 1986-03-11 | 1987-09-19 | ||
DE3924777A1 (de) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-02-08 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | Keramische heizvorrichtung und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
DE3843863A1 (de) * | 1988-12-24 | 1990-06-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Hochtemperatur-heizelement, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung desselben |
CH681186A5 (de) * | 1989-11-09 | 1993-01-29 | Battelle Memorial Institute | |
US5304778A (en) * | 1992-11-23 | 1994-04-19 | Electrofuel Manufacturing Co. | Glow plug with improved composite sintered silicon nitride ceramic heater |
US5750958A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1998-05-12 | Kyocera Corporation | Ceramic glow plug |
DE19506950C2 (de) * | 1995-02-28 | 1998-07-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren |
JP3801756B2 (ja) * | 1996-11-19 | 2006-07-26 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | セラミックグロープラグ |
JPH10208853A (ja) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-08-07 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | セラミックヒータ、およびその製造方法 |
DE19930334C2 (de) * | 1999-07-02 | 2003-07-31 | Beru Ag | Keramischer Heizstab und diesen enthaltende Glühkerze und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
-
2000
- 2000-06-24 DE DE10030924A patent/DE10030924A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-05-26 SK SK234-2002A patent/SK2342002A3/sk unknown
- 2001-05-26 JP JP2002506004A patent/JP5038575B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-26 DE DE50104622T patent/DE50104622D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-26 US US10/069,212 patent/US6727472B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-26 PL PL01352576A patent/PL352576A1/xx unknown
- 2001-05-26 EP EP01943162A patent/EP1295067B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-26 WO PCT/DE2001/002032 patent/WO2002001112A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-26 HU HU0202427A patent/HU224593B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-26 ES ES01943162T patent/ES2231507T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-26 CZ CZ2002546A patent/CZ2002546A3/cs unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0201112A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10030924A1 (de) | 2002-01-03 |
EP1295067B1 (de) | 2004-11-24 |
CZ2002546A3 (cs) | 2002-10-16 |
US20030116553A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
US6727472B2 (en) | 2004-04-27 |
HU224593B1 (hu) | 2005-11-28 |
DE50104622D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
SK2342002A3 (en) | 2002-10-08 |
PL352576A1 (en) | 2003-08-25 |
JP5038575B2 (ja) | 2012-10-03 |
ES2231507T3 (es) | 2005-05-16 |
WO2002001112A1 (de) | 2002-01-03 |
JP2004502120A (ja) | 2004-01-22 |
HUP0202427A2 (en) | 2002-12-28 |
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Inventor name: DRESSLER, WOLFGANG Inventor name: MONDAL, PIA Inventor name: KERN, CHRISTOPH Inventor name: HOFFMANN, RUTH Inventor name: REISSNER, ANDREAS Inventor name: ENGEL, CHRISTINE Inventor name: SCHOTT, STEFFEN Inventor name: BOEDER, HORST |
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Inventor name: SCHOTT, STEFFEN Inventor name: MONDAL, PIA Inventor name: HOFFMANN, RUTH Inventor name: ENGEL, CHRISTINE Inventor name: KERN, CHRISTOPH Inventor name: REISSNER, ANDREAS Inventor name: DRESSLER, WOLFGANG Inventor name: BOEDER, HORST |
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