EP1294956A1 - Corrosion resistant material - Google Patents
Corrosion resistant materialInfo
- Publication number
- EP1294956A1 EP1294956A1 EP01942857A EP01942857A EP1294956A1 EP 1294956 A1 EP1294956 A1 EP 1294956A1 EP 01942857 A EP01942857 A EP 01942857A EP 01942857 A EP01942857 A EP 01942857A EP 1294956 A1 EP1294956 A1 EP 1294956A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- less
- resistance
- equal
- corrosion
- free state
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002907 paramagnetic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
Definitions
- the invention relates to a material with great corrosion resistance in media with a high chloride concentration, suitable for devices in oilfield technology, in particular for drill string components, consisting of the elements carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), nitrogen (N), iron (Fe) and manufacturing-related impurities, which material is thermoformed and cold-formed after cooling.
- drill string components consisting of the elements carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), nitrogen (N), iron (Fe) and manufacturing-related impurities, which material is thermoformed and cold-formed after cooling.
- Corrosion-resistant materials that show paramagnetic behavior and have high strength can be used for equipment in oilfield technology, especially for drill string components. However, ever higher demands are placed on the parts and ever stricter standards for the materials.
- the material must have a permeability of less than 1.005 in order to be able to carry out directional measurements with a necessary accuracy when drilling or sinking a hole.
- a high mechanical strength, in particular a high 0.2% elongation value, is necessary with regard to an advantageous system design and high operational reliability of the parts, because the stresses on the parts are intended up to the limit values of the respective material load capacity and ever greater drilling depths are required. Furthermore, a notched impact strength of the material is important because the parts have to endure high loads suddenly or suddenly.
- a high fatigue strength is of importance in many cases, in particular for drill string parts and drill collars, because swelling or changing stresses can be present when the parts or drill collars rotate.
- the parts are often assembled or used at low temperatures, so that The toughness transition temperature (FATT) of the material is also of great importance.
- FATT toughness transition temperature
- Corrosion behavior is of crucial importance for parts used in oilfield technology, that is stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and pitting corrosion (pitting, CPT).
- SCC stress corrosion cracking
- CPT pitting corrosion
- materials with high corrosion resistance in media with a high chloride concentration which are suitable for devices in oil field technology, are simultaneously exposed to a large number of high loads.
- the aim of the invention is to create a paramagnetic material with a high yield strength, high impact strength and high fatigue strength as well as a low toughness transition temperature, which is at the same time corrosion-resistant, in particular resistant to pitting, in chloride-containing media.
- Iron (Fe) rest as well as production-related impurities exist, which material in the nitride excretion-free state and without excreted socialized
- the advantages achieved by the invention lie in particular in the alloying effect of a balanced nitrogen concentration. It has surprisingly been found that a particularly high output can be achieved in the production of parts. Although there are no nitride precipitates during hot forming, the formability of the material is suddenly deteriorated when the forging heat fluctuates at levels above 0.29% by weight nitrogen. In the narrow concentration range from 0.17 to 0.29% by weight N, separation of associated phases can be prevented in a simple manner if the further alloying elements are present in the intended content ranges. Nitrogen, nickel and molybdenum also synergistically provide extremely high resistance to pitting.
- the upper limit of the carbon content of the alloy for corrosion-chemical reasons is 0.03% by weight, a further reduction of which increases the corrosion resistance of the material, in particular pitting and stress corrosion cracking.
- the silicon content in the material according to the invention should not exceed 0.89% by weight, for reasons of corrosion chemistry and in particular because of the low magnetic permeability.
- the nitrogen solubility of the alloy and the austenite stabilization are promoted by manganese.
- manganese levels are 4.49% by weight and nickel is introduced into the alloy.
- a minimum content of 0.51% by weight of manganese is required for effective sulfur binding.
- chromium is the basis for the formation of a passive layer on the surface of the parts. Contents of at least 25.1% by weight of Cr are necessary in order to largely prevent this layer from possibly breaking through, in synergy with the other alloying elements, in particular Mo and N. Levels higher than 38.9% by weight increase the risk of intermetallic phases being eliminated.
- the alloying element nickel is important in the intended concentrations for stabilizing the face-centered cubic atomic lattice, i.e. for low permeability, and interactively with chromium and molybdenum is effective for avoiding pitting corrosion.
- the toughness, the FATT and the fatigue strength are advantageously increased. If the value falls below 22.9% by weight, the stabilizing effect with regard to corrosion, in particular stress corrosion cracking, in chloride-containing media and with regard to the magnetic values during cold working is increasingly reduced; the tendency to form zones with deformation martensite increases.
- a copper content is also provided within the limits of the alloy, although the effect of this element is questioned in various ways.
- the nitrogen content is synergistically matched to the rest of the alloy composition. This content of 0.17 to 0.29% by weight has the further advantage that a block can be solidified under atmospheric pressure without gas inclusions being formed by exceeding the solubility limit during solidification.
- the magnetic, mechanical and in particular the corrosion resistance values of the material can be set at a particularly high level if the material consists essentially of the elements in% by weight.
- Si less than or equal to 0.75, preferably 0.20 to 0.70
- Mn 1.1 to 2.9, preferably 2.01 to 2.6
- Ni 27.9 to 32.5, preferably 30.9 to 32.1
- N 0.15 to 0.29, preferably 0.18 to 0.22
- High mechanical property values with a relative magnetic permeability of 1.004 and less are achieved if the material is thermoformed at least 3.6 times in the precipitation-free state and at a temperature of 100 to 590 ° C, preferably 360 to 490 ° C, with a degree of deformation of less than 38%, preferably from 6 to 19%, is cold worked.
- the material has a pitting corrosion potential in neutral solution at room temperature of greater than 1100 mVH / 1000 ppm chlorides and / or 1000 mVH / 80,000 ppm chlorides.
- Table 1 shows the chemical composition of the alloys according to the invention and of the comparison materials. Furthermore, the key figures for the hot forming and the cold forming of the forgings in this table.
- Table 2 shows the magnetic and mechanical parameters
- sample designation 1 to 5 are comparative alloys and with the
- Sample designations A to E are alloys composed according to the invention in Table 1.
- Table 2 The test results of the materials can be found in Table 2, the results of which are briefly discussed below.
- Alloys 1 to 3 have low nitrogen contents, therefore do not show any desired hardening during cold deformation, as can be seen from the R ⁇ values, and low numerical values (not shown in the table) of 1,270, 210 and 290 were also used for the fatigue strength N / mm 2 determined. Neither the SCC nor the CPT values are sufficient in terms of corrosion chemistry, which can be attributed in particular to the low Mo content and, in the case of material 2, to a low Cr content.
- Alloys 4 and 5 have an insufficiently high and an excessive nitrogen concentration, which leads to higher yield strength values and also increases the value of the fatigue strength (+ 308, 340 N / mm 2 ). Due to a low Cr content, material 4 has a disadvantageous DUAL microstructure (etchings at the grain boundaries), although it should also be noted that material 5 also meets the requirements despite the sufficient Cr concentrations due to the lower Cr contents does not meet the corrosion resistance.
- the results of alloys A to E show that the nitrogen contents lead to a desired hardening by cold working and the respective concentrations of nitrogen, nickel and molybdenum synergistically bring about a high corrosion resistance of the material in chloride-containing media, in particular a high resistance to pitting.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT113300 | 2000-06-30 | ||
AT0113300A AT408889B (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2000-06-30 | CORROSION-RESISTANT MATERIAL |
PCT/AT2001/000188 WO2002002837A1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-06-08 | Corrosion resistant material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1294956A1 true EP1294956A1 (en) | 2003-03-26 |
EP1294956B1 EP1294956B1 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
Family
ID=3685991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01942857A Expired - Lifetime EP1294956B1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-06-08 | Corrosion resistant material |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6764647B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1294956B1 (en) |
AT (2) | AT408889B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001265657A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2396207C (en) |
DE (1) | DE50104841D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2231505T3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO330002B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002002837A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE525252C2 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2005-01-11 | Sandvik Ab | Super austenitic stainless steel and the use of this steel |
AT410550B (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-05-26 | Boehler Edelstahl | Material used as a tool material in the glass industry, especially as a molding material for machine pressed glass consists of an alloy containing carbon, silicon, chromium, nickel and nitrogen |
US20040221929A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-11 | Hebda John J. | Processing of titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloys and products made thereby |
US7837812B2 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2010-11-23 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Metastable beta-titanium alloys and methods of processing the same by direct aging |
US20080000554A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-03 | Jorgensen Forge Corporation | Austenitic paramagnetic corrosion resistant material |
US10351922B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2019-07-16 | Questek Innovations Llc | Surface hardenable stainless steels |
US8808471B2 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2014-08-19 | Questek Innovations Llc | Martensitic stainless steel strengthened by copper-nucleated nitride precipitates |
US10053758B2 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2018-08-21 | Ati Properties Llc | Production of high strength titanium |
US9255316B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2016-02-09 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Processing of α+β titanium alloys |
US8499605B2 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2013-08-06 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Hot stretch straightening of high strength α/β processed titanium |
US9206497B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2015-12-08 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Methods for processing titanium alloys |
US8613818B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2013-12-24 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Processing routes for titanium and titanium alloys |
US10513755B2 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2019-12-24 | Ati Properties Llc | High strength alpha/beta titanium alloy fasteners and fastener stock |
US8652400B2 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2014-02-18 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Thermo-mechanical processing of nickel-base alloys |
US9347121B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2016-05-24 | Ati Properties, Inc. | High strength, corrosion resistant austenitic alloys |
US9050647B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-06-09 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Split-pass open-die forging for hard-to-forge, strain-path sensitive titanium-base and nickel-base alloys |
US9869003B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 | 2018-01-16 | Ati Properties Llc | Methods for processing alloys |
US9192981B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2015-11-24 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Thermomechanical processing of high strength non-magnetic corrosion resistant material |
US9777361B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-10-03 | Ati Properties Llc | Thermomechanical processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys |
US11111552B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2021-09-07 | Ati Properties Llc | Methods for processing metal alloys |
US10094003B2 (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2018-10-09 | Ati Properties Llc | Titanium alloy |
RU2611252C1 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-02-21 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет" (НИУ "БелГУ") | Method of producing high-strength rolled product of austenite stainless steel with nanostructure |
US10502252B2 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2019-12-10 | Ati Properties Llc | Processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys |
DE102018133251A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Schoeller-Bleckmann Oilfield Technology Gmbh | Drill string component with high corrosion resistance and process for their manufacture |
DE102018133255A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg | Super austenitic material |
CN114502757B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2023-04-07 | 日本制铁株式会社 | Alloy material and seamless pipe for oil well |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI760020A (en) * | 1976-01-07 | 1977-07-08 | Rauma Repola Oy | |
US4201575A (en) * | 1979-05-18 | 1980-05-06 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | Austenitic stainless corrosion-resistant alloy |
US4400349A (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1983-08-23 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Alloy for making high strength deep well casing and tubing having improved resistance to stress-corrosion cracking |
US4421571A (en) | 1981-07-03 | 1983-12-20 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Process for making high strength deep well casing and tubing having improved resistance to stress-corrosion cracking |
DE3716665A1 (en) | 1987-05-19 | 1988-12-08 | Vdm Nickel Tech | CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOY |
US4824638A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-04-25 | Carondelet Foundry Company | Corrosion resistant alloy |
JPS6447817A (en) | 1987-08-13 | 1989-02-22 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of austenitic stainless steel having excellent seawater corrosion resistance |
DE4342188C2 (en) | 1993-12-10 | 1998-06-04 | Bayer Ag | Austenitic alloys and their uses |
DE19748205A1 (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 1999-05-06 | Abb Research Ltd | Process for producing a workpiece from a chrome alloy and its use |
-
2000
- 2000-06-30 AT AT0113300A patent/AT408889B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-06-08 DE DE50104841T patent/DE50104841D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-08 US US10/182,725 patent/US6764647B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-08 EP EP01942857A patent/EP1294956B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-08 ES ES01942857T patent/ES2231505T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-08 AT AT01942857T patent/ATE284979T1/en active
- 2001-06-08 CA CA002396207A patent/CA2396207C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-08 AU AU2001265657A patent/AU2001265657A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-08 WO PCT/AT2001/000188 patent/WO2002002837A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2002
- 2002-06-18 NO NO20022917A patent/NO330002B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0202837A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002002837A1 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
US20030024612A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
CA2396207A1 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
NO330002B1 (en) | 2011-02-07 |
NO20022917D0 (en) | 2002-06-18 |
ATA11332000A (en) | 2001-08-15 |
DE50104841D1 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
ATE284979T1 (en) | 2005-01-15 |
ES2231505T3 (en) | 2005-05-16 |
AT408889B (en) | 2002-03-25 |
NO20022917L (en) | 2002-06-18 |
US6764647B2 (en) | 2004-07-20 |
AU2001265657A1 (en) | 2002-01-14 |
EP1294956B1 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
CA2396207C (en) | 2007-08-14 |
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