EP1280989B1 - Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1280989B1
EP1280989B1 EP01935997A EP01935997A EP1280989B1 EP 1280989 B1 EP1280989 B1 EP 1280989B1 EP 01935997 A EP01935997 A EP 01935997A EP 01935997 A EP01935997 A EP 01935997A EP 1280989 B1 EP1280989 B1 EP 1280989B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
pressure
fuel
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01935997A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1280989A1 (en
Inventor
Stephan Schilling
Wolfgang Dehmel
Andreas Kellner
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE10103867A external-priority patent/DE10103867A1/en
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
    • F02D2041/1432—Controller structures or design the system including a filter, e.g. a low pass or high pass filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3863—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a fuel metering system Internal combustion engine according to the preambles of the independent Claims.
  • high pressure pumps are used to generate pressure, in particular as radial piston pumps with at least two, preferably three pump elements are formed. to Reduction of the pump power, these are preferably each equipped with an element shut-off valve.
  • One corresponding common rail system is for example in the MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift 58 (1997) No. 10 from page 572 described.
  • the case may occur that one of the Pump elements or a Elementabschaltventil not works properly.
  • Such a pump element failure can not be sure with the known monitoring systems be recognized.
  • Such a pump element failure is Usually only then safely detected when the flow rate no longer to cover the amount of fuel to be injected sufficient. This is especially true for large ones injected fuel quantities of the case.
  • the filtering is like that that takes frequencies that are in a certain ratio to the engine rotation, are selected. Or that Filtering is done in such a way that frequencies that a equal to integer multiples of a pump frequency, be selected. This can be done in a simple way Pressure fluctuations, which are based on a pump element does not promote, be recognized.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment is starting from a drive signal for a Element shutoff valve between a fault in the range of Elementabschaltventils or the pump distinguished.
  • This is particularly advantageous by a corresponding Plausibilmaschine of the drive signal for the Element shutoff valve and the filtered pressure signal reached. Displays the filtered pressure signal that a Pump element does not promote, then only on error detected when the drive signal for the Element shutoff valve assumes a value that does not disconnected element shutoff valve features. Shows that filtered pressure signal indicating that all pump elements promote Thus, an error is detected when the drive signal for the Element shutoff valve assumes a value that a disconnected element shutoff valve features.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Block diagram of the fuel metering system.
  • Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the monitoring according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a procedure
  • Figure 1 are those for the understanding of the invention required components of a fuel supply system an internal combustion engine with high-pressure injection shown.
  • the illustrated system is commonly referred to as Common rail system called.
  • a fuel tank is called. This is via a feed pump 110 with a high-pressure pump 125 in connection.
  • the high-pressure pump 125 can at least comprise an element shut-off valve.
  • the high pressure pump 125 is connected to a rail 130.
  • the rail 130 is also called memory and stands over Fuel lines with different injectors 131 in Contact.
  • a pressure control valve 135 is the rail 130 with the fuel tank 100 connectable.
  • the pressure regulating valve 135 is by means of a coil 136 controllable.
  • a controller 160 acts on the element shutoff valve 126 with a drive signal AP, the injectors 131 with a drive signal A and the pressure regulating valve 136 with a signal AV.
  • the controller 160 processes various Signals from various sensors 165, the operating state the internal combustion engine and / or the motor vehicle that the Internal combustion engine drives, characterize. Such a Operating state, for example, the speed N of Internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel the is in the reservoir, is of the Pre-feed pump 110 to the high-pressure pump 125 promoted.
  • the high pressure pump 125 delivers the fuel from Low pressure area in the high pressure area.
  • the High pressure pump 125 builds a very high pressure in the rail 130 on.
  • pressure values of about 30 to 100 bar and in self-igniting internal combustion engines pressure values of about 1000 to 2000 bar achieved.
  • About the injectors 131 of the Fuel under high pressure the single cylinder Internal combustion engine are metered.
  • the pressure P in the rail or in the entire high-pressure range detected and in the controller 160th compared with a setpoint.
  • the pressure regulating valve 135 is controlled.
  • Fuel consumption may be the flow rate of High pressure pump 125 by appropriate control of the Elementabschaltventils be gradually reduced.
  • the high pressure pump rotates with fixed ratio I Crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
  • the detection of pressure in the control unit is advantageously speed synchronous.
  • a bandpass filter which is preferably designed digitally, the Pump frequency filtered out of the rail pressure signal.
  • the pressure signal must at least double, preferably at least four times the pump frequency, scanned synchronously.
  • the rail pressure is preferably 2Z times, where Z is the number of cylinders, per Crankshaft rotation scanned equidistant.
  • the bandpass-filtered rail pressure signal is subsequently rectified and again preferably speed synchronous lowpass filtered.
  • the output of this Signal processing is a measure of the pressure oscillations with Pump frequency. Exceeds this filtered signal a threshold, then the pump only boosts up two or one instead of three elements.
  • Upon detection of a Pumpentelement failure are by suitable emergency running reactions further pump and possibly engine damage avoided. Especially advantageous it is when the rail pressure and / or the fuel quantity and / or the engine speed is limited to a smaller value than in normal operation. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the driver by a warning lamp on the emergency operation is informed so that he visits a workshop. Furthermore, the pump error is preferably in a Error memory entered. This simplifies the Fault diagnosis.
  • FIG. 2 shows the procedure according to the invention a block diagram shown.
  • elements such as the pressure sensor are with corresponding reference numerals.
  • This illustrated device is part of the Control 160.
  • the output signal P of the pressure sensor 140th passes through a bandpass filter 200 to an amount images 210. Its output signal passes through a low-pass filter 220 to a first input a of a first comparator 230.
  • At the second input b of the first comparator 230 is the Output signal S1 to a first threshold value 235.
  • the arrangement of the low-pass filter 220 is only exemplary chosen, the filter can also be at any other place disposed between the sensor 140 and the comparator 230 be.
  • the output signals of Comparators 230 and 240 are both each a first And gate 250 and inverted a second AND gate 260 fed, in turn, the controller 160 with apply corresponding signals.
  • the output signal P of the pressure sensor reaches the band-pass filter 200.
  • the Band-pass filter 200 is designed to provide frequencies, the pump revolution or an integer multiple correspond to the pump speed, filters out. Of the Amount images 210 rectifies the signal.
  • the low-pass filter 220 smoothes the signal. If the comparator 230 recognizes that the signal thus filtered is greater than the threshold S1 is, the comparator recognizes errors.
  • this signal with a Signal is plausible, indicating that a Pump element is turned off, that is a Element shutoff valve is driven accordingly.
  • This Signal is provided by the second comparator 240.
  • the drive signal A for the Element shutoff valve 126 with the second threshold S2 compared. Is the signal A greater than the second Threshold, that is, the Elementabschaltventil is with such a drive signal applied to it Usually not activated, so stands at the exit of the comparator, a signal indicating that Element shutoff valve is not activated.
  • This signal is in the AND gate 250 with the output of the Comparator 230 linked, that is, gives the comparator 230 a signal indicating that pressure oscillations with of a certain frequency, and shows that Output of the second comparator 240 to that a Element shutoff valve is not activated, so recognize that And member 250 and thus the device on failure of one Pump element.
  • the two signals are inverted to the second AND gate 260 forwarded. This recognizes a defect of the Element shut-off valve, if no pressure oscillations occur and the output of the second comparator 240 indicates that an element shut-off valve is activated.
  • the elements are 200, 210, 220, 230 and 235 are sufficient. In this case, must by an external logic in the area of the controller 160 be excluded that the test when switched off Element shutoff valve is performed. The same applies if no Elementabschaltventil is provided. In In these cases, the device only provides a signal indicating that a pump element is not working.
  • the rail pressure usually increases Plausibility checked. Occurs while driving one Implausibility on, this causes the driven Internal combustion engine is turned off. Will one Implausibility before the start or at the start detected, for example, because the rail pressure is not on one expected value increases, the internal combustion engine can not start. The cause of this error is not without More recognizable. Such an error can be on the one hand that is a mistake in the area of high pressure pump or an error has occurred in the area of the pressure regulating valve 135 is. The troubleshooting is therefore partly very consuming.
  • the invention therefore provides that starting from the procedure described in FIG a distinction is made between different errors.
  • FIG. 3 A corresponding procedure is shown in FIG. 3 shown. According to the invention, it was recognized that based on the detected pressure oscillations not only recognized that a Error exists, but that on the basis of the pressure oscillations It is also possible to distinguish which error is detected.
  • sub-figure 3a a method is shown with the Pressure vibrations detected and a corresponding error bit is set.
  • subfigure 3b is shown on the basis of detected pressure oscillations detected on the type of error becomes.
  • the rail pressure is evaluated.
  • the rail pressure is preferably with the Bandpass filter 200 filtered.
  • the frequency of the bandpass depends preferably on the number of cylinders Internal combustion engine, from the gear ratio between the crankshaft and the pump as well as the number of Pump elements of the pump. This frequency is preferably custom applied.
  • the Threshold values S1 of the threshold value specification 235 are given in such a way that usual fluctuations of the rail pressure do not contribute to Error detection lead. It is preferably provided that the review is done only in certain speed ranges. Preferably, the review is only at speeds below a predefinable speed threshold.
  • the subsequent query 310 checks whether Rail pressure vibrations detected with significant period were. If this is the case, then in step 320 Counter Z increased. If no vibrations are detected, then the counter by a certain value in step 325 reduced. Subsequent to step 325 and to step 320 the query 330, which checks whether the counter Z is greater than a threshold ZS. If this is the case, will in step 340, an error bit FB is set to 1. Otherwise the program proceeds to step 300.
  • step 360 If an error occurs in step 350 due to a Rail pressure implausibility or another Error check detected, it is checked in step 360, whether the error bit FB is set with 1. Is that the case, In step 370, an error of the pump 125 is detected. is this is not the case, then in step 365 an error of Pressure control valve 135 detected. Recognizes query 350 there is no error, the program proceeds to step 355 in normal operation.
  • step 350 both errors in a Implausibility during operation as well as an error in the Start of the internal combustion engine detected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine, especially a common rail system. The fuel is compressed by a pump and a pressure value characterising the fuel pressure is detected. A defect is identified when a filtered pressure value deviates from a threshold value.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumess-Systems einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß den Oberbegriffen der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a fuel metering system Internal combustion engine according to the preambles of the independent Claims.

Aus der DE 195 20 300 (US 5.715.786) ist ein Verfahren und eine-Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Kraftstoffzumess-Systems einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Common-Rail-Systems, bekannt. Bei solchen Common-Rail-Systemen wird der Kraftstoff von einer Pumpe verdichtet und eine Druckgröße, die den Kraftstoffdruck charakterisiert, erfaßt. Bekannt ist, dass durch Überwachung des Verkaufs des Drucksignals bei bestimmten Betriebszuständen ein Fehler im Bereich des Kraftstoffzumess-Systems erkannt wird.From DE 195 20 300 (US 5,715,786) is a method and a device for monitoring a fuel metering system an internal combustion engine, in particular a common rail system, known. In such common rail systems is the fuel is compressed by a pump and a Pressure variable, which characterizes the fuel pressure, detected. It is known that by monitoring the sale of the Pressure signal in certain operating conditions an error in Area of the fuel metering system is detected.

Häufig werden zur Druckerzeugung Hochdruckpumpen verwendet, die insbesondere als Radialkolbenpumpen mit wenigstens zwei, vorzugsweise drei Pumpenelementen ausgebildet sind. Zur Verringerung der Pumpleistung sind diese vorzugsweise jeweils mit einem Elementabschaltventil ausgestattet. Ein entsprechendes Common-Rail-System ist beispielsweise in der MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift 58 (1997) Nr. 10 ab Seite 572 beschrieben.Often, high pressure pumps are used to generate pressure, in particular as radial piston pumps with at least two, preferably three pump elements are formed. to Reduction of the pump power, these are preferably each equipped with an element shut-off valve. One corresponding common rail system is for example in the MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift 58 (1997) No. 10 from page 572 described.

Durch Störungen kann der Fall eintreten, dass eines der Pumpenelemente oder ein Elementabschaltventil nicht ordnungsgemäß arbeitet. Ein solcher Pumpenelement-Ausfall kann mit den bekannten Überwachungssystemen nicht sicher erkannt werden. Ein solcher Pumpenelement-Ausfall wird üblicherweise nur dann sicher erkannt, wenn die Fördermenge nicht mehr zur Deckung der einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffmenge ausreicht. Dies ist insbesondere nur bei großen eingespritzten Kraftstoffmengen der Fall.Due to interference, the case may occur that one of the Pump elements or a Elementabschaltventil not works properly. Such a pump element failure can not be sure with the known monitoring systems be recognized. Such a pump element failure is Usually only then safely detected when the flow rate no longer to cover the amount of fuel to be injected sufficient. This is especially true for large ones injected fuel quantities of the case.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise ist es möglich, dass ein Defekt der Pumpe, insbesondere ein Ausfall eines oder mehrerer Pumpenelemente, unabhängig vom Motorbetriebspunkt erkannt werden kann. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass eine gefilterte Druckgröße ausgewertet wird. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn ein Fehler erkannt wird, wenn die gefilterte Druckgröße von einen bestimmten Schwellenwert abweicht.With the procedure according to the invention it is possible that a defect of the pump, in particular a failure of a or more pump elements, regardless of Engine operating point can be detected. This will be done achieved that a filtered print size is evaluated. It is particularly advantageous if an error is detected, if the filtered print size of a given Threshold deviates.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es; wenn die Filterung derart erfolgt, dass Frequenzen, die in einem bestimmten Verhältnis zur Motorumdrehung stehen, selektiert werden. Oder das die Filterung derart erfolgt, daß Frequenzen, die einem ganzzahligen Vielfachen einer Pumpenfrequenz entsprechen, selektiert werden. Dadurch können in einfacher Weise Druckschwankungen, die darauf beruhen, daß ein Pumpenelement nicht fördert, erkannt werden. It is particularly advantageous; if the filtering is like that that takes frequencies that are in a certain ratio to the engine rotation, are selected. Or that Filtering is done in such a way that frequencies that a equal to integer multiples of a pump frequency, be selected. This can be done in a simple way Pressure fluctuations, which are based on a pump element does not promote, be recognized.

Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird ausgehend von einem Ansteuersignal für ein Elementabschaltventil zwischen einem Fehler im Bereich des Elementabschaltventils oder der Pumpe unterschieden. Besonders vorteilhaft wird dies durch eine entsprechende Plausibilisierung des Ansteuersignals für das Elementabschaltventil und das gefilterte Drucksignal erreicht. Zeigt das gefilterte Drucksignal an, dass ein Pumpenelement nicht fördert, so wird nur dann auf Fehler erkannt, wenn das Ansteuersignal für das Elementabschaltventil einen Wert annimmt, der ein nicht abgeschaltetes Elementabschaltventil kennzeichnet. Zeigt das gefilterte Drucksignal an, dass alle Pumpenelemente fördern, so wird auf Fehler erkannt, wenn das Ansteuersignal für das Elementabschaltventil einen Wert annimmt, der ein abgeschaltetes Elementabschaltventil kennzeichnet.In a particularly advantageous embodiment is starting from a drive signal for a Element shutoff valve between a fault in the range of Elementabschaltventils or the pump distinguished. This is particularly advantageous by a corresponding Plausibilisierung of the drive signal for the Element shutoff valve and the filtered pressure signal reached. Displays the filtered pressure signal that a Pump element does not promote, then only on error detected when the drive signal for the Element shutoff valve assumes a value that does not disconnected element shutoff valve features. Shows that filtered pressure signal indicating that all pump elements promote Thus, an error is detected when the drive signal for the Element shutoff valve assumes a value that a disconnected element shutoff valve features.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, dass mittels der Vorgehensweise zwischen einem Defekt der Pumpe und einem Defekt einer anderen Komponente, insbesondere einem Druckregelventil, unterschieden wird. So können Fehler, die auftreten und durch andere Verfahren und Vorgehensweise erkannt werden, mit hoher Sicherheit einzelnen Komponenten des Systems zugeordnet werden. Insbesondere können Fehler im Bereich der Pumpe sicher von Fehlern anderer Komponenten unterschieden werden.It is particularly advantageous that by means of Procedure between a defect of the pump and a Defect of another component, especially one Pressure control valve, a distinction is made. So can mistakes that occur and through other procedures and procedures be detected, with high security individual components be assigned to the system. In particular, errors can occur in the Area of the pump safe from errors of other components be differentiated.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsformen erläutert. Figur 1 zeigt ein Blockdiagramm des Kraftstoffzumess-Systems. Figur 2 zeigt ein Blockdiagramm der erfindungsgemäßen Überwachung. Figur 3 zeigt ein Flußdiagramm einer VorgehensweiseThe invention will be described below with reference to the drawing illustrated embodiments explained. FIG. 1 shows a Block diagram of the fuel metering system. Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the monitoring according to the invention. FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a procedure

In Figur 1 sind die für das Verständnis der Erfindung erforderlichen Bauteile eines Kraftstoffversorgungssystems einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Hochdruckeinspritzung dargestellt. Das dargestellte System wird üblicherweise als Common-Rail-System bezeichnet.In Figure 1 are those for the understanding of the invention required components of a fuel supply system an internal combustion engine with high-pressure injection shown. The illustrated system is commonly referred to as Common rail system called.

Mit 100 ist ein Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter bezeichnet. Dieser steht über eine Vorförderpumpe 110 mit einer Hochdruckpumpe 125 in Verbindung. Die Hochdruchpumpe 125 kann wenigstens ein Elementabschaltventil umfassen. Die Hochdruckpumpe 125 steht mit einem Rail 130 in Verbindung. Das Rail 130 wird auch als Speicher bezeichnet und steht über Kraftstoffleitungen mit verschiedenen Injektoren 131 in Kontakt.With 100, a fuel tank is called. This is via a feed pump 110 with a high-pressure pump 125 in connection. The high-pressure pump 125 can at least comprise an element shut-off valve. The high pressure pump 125 is connected to a rail 130. The rail 130 is also called memory and stands over Fuel lines with different injectors 131 in Contact.

Mittels des Sensors 140 wird der Druck P im Rail bzw. im gesamten Hochdruckbereich erfaßt. Über ein Druckregelventil 135 ist das Rail 130 mit dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 100 verbindbar. Das Druckregelventil 135 ist mittels einer Spule 136 steuerbar.By means of the sensor 140, the pressure P in the rail or in the entire high-pressure range detected. Via a pressure control valve 135 is the rail 130 with the fuel tank 100 connectable. The pressure regulating valve 135 is by means of a coil 136 controllable.

Eine Steuerung 160 beaufschlagt das Elementabschaltventil 126 mit einem Ansteuersignal AP, die Injektoren 131 mit einem Ansteuersignal A und das Druckregelventil 136 mit einem Signal AV. Die Steuerung 160 verarbeitet verschiedene Signale verschiedener Sensoren 165, die den Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine und/oder des Kraftfahrzeugs, daß die Brennkraftmaschine antreibt, charakterisieren. Ein solcher Betriebszustand ist beispielsweise die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine.A controller 160 acts on the element shutoff valve 126 with a drive signal AP, the injectors 131 with a drive signal A and the pressure regulating valve 136 with a signal AV. The controller 160 processes various Signals from various sensors 165, the operating state the internal combustion engine and / or the motor vehicle that the Internal combustion engine drives, characterize. Such a Operating state, for example, the speed N of Internal combustion engine.

Diese Einrichtung arbeitet wie folgt: Der Kraftstoff, der sich im Vorratsbehälter befindet, wird von der Vorförderpumpe 110 zur Hochdruckpumpe 125 gefördert.This device works as follows: The fuel, the is in the reservoir, is of the Pre-feed pump 110 to the high-pressure pump 125 promoted.

Die Hochdruckpumpe 125 fördert den Kraftstoff vom Niederdruckbereich in den Hochdruckbereich. Die Hochdruckpumpe 125 baut im Rail 130 einen sehr hohen Druck auf. Üblicherweise werden bei Systemen für fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschinen Druckwerte von etwa 30 bis 100 bar und bei selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen Druckwerte von etwa 1000 bis 2000 bar erzielt. Über die Injektoren 131 kann der Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck den einzelnen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine zugemessen werden.The high pressure pump 125 delivers the fuel from Low pressure area in the high pressure area. The High pressure pump 125 builds a very high pressure in the rail 130 on. Usually, in systems for spark-ignited Internal combustion engine pressure values of about 30 to 100 bar and in self-igniting internal combustion engines pressure values of about 1000 to 2000 bar achieved. About the injectors 131 of the Fuel under high pressure the single cylinder Internal combustion engine are metered.

Mittels des Sensors 140 wird der Druck P im Rail bzw. im gesamten Hochdruckbereich erfaßt und in der Steuerung 160 mit einem Sollwert verglichen. Abhängig von diesem Vergleich wird das Druckregelventil 135 gesteuert. Bei geringem Kraftstoffmengenbedarf kann die Förderleistung der Hochdruckpumpe 125 durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des Elementabschaltventils stufenweise verringert werden.By means of the sensor 140, the pressure P in the rail or in the entire high-pressure range detected and in the controller 160th compared with a setpoint. Depending on this comparison the pressure regulating valve 135 is controlled. At low Fuel consumption may be the flow rate of High pressure pump 125 by appropriate control of the Elementabschaltventils be gradually reduced.

Die Hochdruckpumpe dreht sich mit fester Übersetzung I zur Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine. Die Erfassung des Drucks im Steuergerät erfolgt vorteilhaft drehzahlsynchron. Der Verlauf des Raildrucks über der Zeit zeigt bei einem Pumpenelement-Ausfall einen charakteristischen Einbruch, der mit Pumpenfrequenz auftritt. Mittels eines Bandpaßfilters, der vorzugsweise digital ausgelegt ist, wird die Pumpenfrequenz aus dem Raildrucksignal herausgefiltert. The high pressure pump rotates with fixed ratio I Crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. The detection of pressure in the control unit is advantageously speed synchronous. Of the History of rail pressure over time shows at a Pump element failure a characteristic slump, the occurs at pump frequency. By means of a bandpass filter, which is preferably designed digitally, the Pump frequency filtered out of the rail pressure signal.

Hierzu muß das Drucksignal mindestens mit doppelter, vorzugsweise mit wenigstens vierfacher Pumpenfrequenz, drehzahlsynchron abgetastet. Der Raildruck wird vorzugsweise 2Z-mal, wobei Z der Zylinderzahl entspricht, pro Kurbelwellenumdrehung äquidistant abgetastet.For this purpose, the pressure signal must at least double, preferably at least four times the pump frequency, scanned synchronously. The rail pressure is preferably 2Z times, where Z is the number of cylinders, per Crankshaft rotation scanned equidistant.

Das bandpaß-gefilterte Raildrucksignal wird anschließend gleichgerichtet und nochmals vorzugsweise drehzahlsynchron tiefpaß-gefiltert. Das Ausgangssignal dieser Signalverarbeitung ist ein Maß für die Druckschwingungen mit Pumpenfrequenz. Überschreitet dieses so gefilterte Signal einen Schwellenwert, dann fördert die Pumpe nur noch auf zwei oder einem statt auf drei Elementen.The bandpass-filtered rail pressure signal is subsequently rectified and again preferably speed synchronous lowpass filtered. The output of this Signal processing is a measure of the pressure oscillations with Pump frequency. Exceeds this filtered signal a threshold, then the pump only boosts up two or one instead of three elements.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, dass die Funktionsweise eines Elementabschaltventils, das ein Pumpenelement deaktiviert, auf Funktion überwacht werden kann.It is particularly advantageous that the operation of a Element shut-off valve that deactivates a pump element can be monitored for function.

Bei Erkennen eines Pumpentelement-Ausfalls werden durch geeignete Notlaufreaktionen weitere Pumpen- und gegebenenfalls Motorschäden vermieden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Raildruck und/oder die Kraftstoffmenge und/oder die Motordrehzahl auf einen kleineren Wert begrenzt wird, als im Normalbetrieb. Desweiteren ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Fahrer durch eine Warnlampe über den Notbetrieb informiert wird, damit er eine Werkstatt aufsucht. Desweiteren wird der Pumpenfehler vorzugsweise in einem Fehlerspeicher eingetragen. Dadurch vereinfacht sich die Fehlerdiagnose.Upon detection of a Pumpentelement failure are by suitable emergency running reactions further pump and possibly engine damage avoided. Especially advantageous it is when the rail pressure and / or the fuel quantity and / or the engine speed is limited to a smaller value than in normal operation. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the driver by a warning lamp on the emergency operation is informed so that he visits a workshop. Furthermore, the pump error is preferably in a Error memory entered. This simplifies the Fault diagnosis.

In Figur 2 ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise anhand eines Blockdiagramms dargestellt. Bereits in Figur 1 beschriebene Elemente, wie der Drucksensor sind mit entsprechenden Bezugszeichen dargestellt. Vorzugsweise stellt diese dargestellte Einrichtung einen Teil der Steuerung 160 dar. Das Ausgangssignal P des Drucksensors 140 gelangt über einen Bandpaß-Filter 200 zu einem Betragsbilder 210. Dessen Ausgangssignal gelangt über einen Tiefpaß-Filter 220 zu einem ersten Eingang a eines ersten Vergleichers 230. Am zweiten Eingang b des ersten Vergleichers 230 liegt das Ausgangssignal S1 einer ersten Schwellwertvorgabe 235 an. Die Anordnung des Tiefpaß-Filters 220 ist nur beispielhaft gewählt, der Filter kann auch an beliebiger andere Stelle zwischen dem Sensor 140 und dem Vergleicher 230 angeordnet sein.FIG. 2 shows the procedure according to the invention a block diagram shown. Already in Figure 1 described elements, such as the pressure sensor are with corresponding reference numerals. Preferably This illustrated device is part of the Control 160. The output signal P of the pressure sensor 140th passes through a bandpass filter 200 to an amount images 210. Its output signal passes through a low-pass filter 220 to a first input a of a first comparator 230. At the second input b of the first comparator 230 is the Output signal S1 to a first threshold value 235. The arrangement of the low-pass filter 220 is only exemplary chosen, the filter can also be at any other place disposed between the sensor 140 and the comparator 230 be.

Das Ausgangssignal einer Pumpenansteuerung 161, die vorzugsweise ein Teil der Steuerung 160 darstellt, gelangt zu einem ersten Eingang a eines zweiten Vergleichers 240 an dessen zweiten Eingang b das Ausgangssignal S2 einer zweiten Schwellwertvorgabe 245 anliegt. Die Ausgangssignale der Vergleicher 230 und 240 werden beide jeweils einem ersten Und-Glied 250 und invertiert einem zweiten Und-Glied 260 zugeleitet, die wiederum die Steuerung 160 mit entsprechenden Signalen beaufschlagen.The output signal of a pump driver 161, the preferably part of the controller 160, passes to a first input a of a second comparator 240 whose second input b, the output signal S2 of a second Threshold value 245 is present. The output signals of Comparators 230 and 240 are both each a first And gate 250 and inverted a second AND gate 260 fed, in turn, the controller 160 with apply corresponding signals.

Diese Einrichtung arbeitet nun wie folgt. Das Ausgangssignal P des Drucksensors gelangt zu dem Bandpaß-Filter 200. Der Bandpaß-Filter 200 ist derart ausgelegt, dass er Frequenzen, die der Pumpenumdrehung oder einem ganzzahligen Vielfachen der Pumpendrehzahl entsprechen, ausfiltert. Der Betragsbilder 210 richtet das Signal gleich. Der Tiefpaß-Filter 220 glättet das Signal. Erkennt der Vergleicher 230, dass das so gefilterte Signal größer als der Schwellwert S1 ist, so erkennt der Vergleicher auf Fehler.This facility works as follows. The output signal P of the pressure sensor reaches the band-pass filter 200. The Band-pass filter 200 is designed to provide frequencies, the pump revolution or an integer multiple correspond to the pump speed, filters out. Of the Amount images 210 rectifies the signal. The low-pass filter 220 smoothes the signal. If the comparator 230 recognizes that the signal thus filtered is greater than the threshold S1 is, the comparator recognizes errors.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn dieses Signal mit einem Signal verplausibilisiert wird, das anzeigt, dass ein Pumpenelement abgeschaltet wird, das heißt ein Elementabschaltventil entsprechend angesteuert wird. Dieses Signal wird von dem zweiten Vergleicher 240 bereitgestellt. Hierzu wird das Ansteuersignal A für das Elementabschaltventil 126 mit dem zweiten Schwellwert S2 verglichen. Ist das Signal A größer als der zweite Schwellwert, das heißt, das Elementabschaltventil wird mit einem solchen Ansteuersignal beaufschlagt, dass es üblicherweise nicht aktiviert ist, so steht an dem Ausgang des Vergleichers ein Signal an, das anzeigt, das Elementabschaltventil nicht aktiviert ist. Dieses Signal wird im Und-Glied 250 mit dem Ausgangssignal des Vergleichers 230 verknüpft, das heißt, gibt der Vergleicher 230 ein Signal ab, das anzeigt, dass Druckschwingungen mit einer bestimmten Frequenz auftreten, und zeigt das Ausgangssignal des zweiten Vergleichers 240 an, dass ein Elementabschaltventil nicht aktiviert ist, so erkennt das Und-Glied 250 und damit die Einrichtung auf Ausfall eines Pumpenelements.It is particularly advantageous if this signal with a Signal is plausible, indicating that a Pump element is turned off, that is a Element shutoff valve is driven accordingly. This Signal is provided by the second comparator 240. For this purpose, the drive signal A for the Element shutoff valve 126 with the second threshold S2 compared. Is the signal A greater than the second Threshold, that is, the Elementabschaltventil is with such a drive signal applied to it Usually not activated, so stands at the exit of the comparator, a signal indicating that Element shutoff valve is not activated. This signal is in the AND gate 250 with the output of the Comparator 230 linked, that is, gives the comparator 230 a signal indicating that pressure oscillations with of a certain frequency, and shows that Output of the second comparator 240 to that a Element shutoff valve is not activated, so recognize that And member 250 and thus the device on failure of one Pump element.

Ferner werden die beiden Signale invertiert dem zweiten Und-Glied 260 zugeleitet. Dieses erkennt auf einen Defekt des Elementabschaltventils, wenn keine Druckschwingungen auftreten und das Ausgangssignal des zweiten Vergleichers 240 anzeigt, dass ein Elementabschaltventil aktiviert ist..Further, the two signals are inverted to the second AND gate 260 forwarded. This recognizes a defect of the Element shut-off valve, if no pressure oscillations occur and the output of the second comparator 240 indicates that an element shut-off valve is activated.

Bei einer vereinfachten Ausführungsform sind die Elemente 200, 210, 220, 230 und 235 ausreichend. In diesem Fall muss durch eine externe Logik im Bereich der Steuerung 160 ausgeschlossen werden, dass die Prüfung bei abgeschaltetem Elementabschaltventil durchgeführt wird. Entsprechendes gilt, wenn kein Elementabschaltventil vorgesehen ist. In diesen Fällen stellt die Einrichtung nur ein Signal bereit, das anzeigt, dass ein Pumpenelement nicht arbeitet. In a simplified embodiment, the elements are 200, 210, 220, 230 and 235 are sufficient. In this case, must by an external logic in the area of the controller 160 be excluded that the test when switched off Element shutoff valve is performed. The same applies if no Elementabschaltventil is provided. In In these cases, the device only provides a signal indicating that a pump element is not working.

Bei Common-Rail-Systemen wird in der Regel der Raildruck auf Plausibilität überprüft. Tritt im Fahrbetrieb eine Unplausibilität auf, führt dies dazu, dass die angetriebene Brennkraftmaschine abgestellt wird. Wird eine solche Unplausibilität bereits vor dem Start oder beim Start erkannt, beispielsweise weil der Raildruck nicht auf einen erwarteten Wert ansteigt, kann die Brennkraftmaschine nicht starten. Die Ursache dieses Fehlers ist dabei nicht ohne Weiteres erkannbar. Ein solcher Fehler kann zum einen darauf beruhen, dass ein Fehler im Bereich der Hochdruckpumpe oder ein Fehler im Bereich des Druckregelventils 135 aufgetreten ist. Die Fehlersuche gestaltet sich daher zum Teil sehr aufwendig. Erfindungsgemäß ist deshalb vorgesehen, dass ausgehend von der in Figur 2 beschriebenen Vorgehensweise zwischen unterschiedlichen Fehlern unterschieden wird.In common-rail systems, the rail pressure usually increases Plausibility checked. Occurs while driving one Implausibility on, this causes the driven Internal combustion engine is turned off. Will one Implausibility before the start or at the start detected, for example, because the rail pressure is not on one expected value increases, the internal combustion engine can not start. The cause of this error is not without More recognizable. Such an error can be on the one hand that is a mistake in the area of high pressure pump or an error has occurred in the area of the pressure regulating valve 135 is. The troubleshooting is therefore partly very consuming. The invention therefore provides that starting from the procedure described in FIG a distinction is made between different errors.

Dadurch, dass die Fehler unterschieden werden können, ist eine bessere Diagnose und dadurch eine vereinfachte Fehlerbehebung möglich. Desweiteren ist bei einer Ausgestaltung möglich, dass auftretende Fehler bereits im Vorfeld erkannt und entsprechende Maßnahmen eingeleitet werden können.The fact that the errors can be distinguished is a better diagnosis and thus a simplified one Troubleshooting possible. Furthermore, is at a Design possible that occurring errors already in Apron detected and appropriate action initiated can be.

Eine entsprechende Vorgehensweise ist in Figur 3 dargestellt. Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass anhand der erkannten Druckschwingungen nicht nur erkannt wird, dass ein Fehler vorliegt, sondern dass anhand der Druckschwingungen auch unterschieden werden kann welcher Fehler erkannt wird.A corresponding procedure is shown in FIG. 3 shown. According to the invention, it was recognized that based on the detected pressure oscillations not only recognized that a Error exists, but that on the basis of the pressure oscillations It is also possible to distinguish which error is detected.

In der Teilfigur 3a ist ein Verfahren dargestellt, mit der Druckschwingungen erkannt und ein entsprechendes Fehlerbit gesetzt wird. In Teilfigur 3b ist dargestellt wir anhand der erkannten Druckschwingungen auf die Art des Fehlers erkannt wird.In the sub-figure 3a, a method is shown with the Pressure vibrations detected and a corresponding error bit is set. In subfigure 3b is shown on the basis of detected pressure oscillations detected on the type of error becomes.

In einem ersten Schritt 300 wird der Raildruck ausgewertet. Hierzu wird der Raildruck vorzugsweise mit dem Bandpassfilter 200 gefiltert. Die Frequenz des Bandpasses hängt vorzugsweise ab von der Zylinderzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, von dem Übersetzungsverhältnis zwischen der Kurbelwelle und der Pumpe sowie von der Zahl der Pumpenelemente der Pumpe. Diese Frequenz wird vorzugsweise kundenspezifisch appliziert. Entsprechend werden die Schwellwerte S1 der Schwellwertvorgabe 235 so vorgegeben, dass übliche Schwankungen des Raildrucks nicht zur Fehlererkennung führen. Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass die Überprüfung nur in bestimmten Drehzahlbereichen erfolgt. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Überprüfung nur bei Drehzahlen unterhalb einer vorgebbaren Drehzahlschwelle.In a first step 300, the rail pressure is evaluated. For this purpose, the rail pressure is preferably with the Bandpass filter 200 filtered. The frequency of the bandpass depends preferably on the number of cylinders Internal combustion engine, from the gear ratio between the crankshaft and the pump as well as the number of Pump elements of the pump. This frequency is preferably custom applied. Accordingly, the Threshold values S1 of the threshold value specification 235 are given in such a way that usual fluctuations of the rail pressure do not contribute to Error detection lead. It is preferably provided that the review is done only in certain speed ranges. Preferably, the review is only at speeds below a predefinable speed threshold.

Die anschließende Abfrage 310 überprüft, ob Raildruckschwingungen mit signifikanter Periode erkannt wurden. Ist dies der Fall, so wird in Schritt 320 ein Zähler Z erhöht. Werden keine Schwingungen erkannt, so wird der Zähler um einen bestimmten Wert in Schritt 325 verringert. Anschließend an Schritt 325 und an Schritt 320 erfolgt die Abfrage 330, die überprüft, ob der Zähler Z größer als ein Schwellwert ZS ist. Ist dies der Fall, wird in Schritt 340 ein Fehlerbit FB mit 1 gesetzt. Andernfalls setzt das Programm mit Schritt 300 fort.The subsequent query 310 checks whether Rail pressure vibrations detected with significant period were. If this is the case, then in step 320 Counter Z increased. If no vibrations are detected, then the counter by a certain value in step 325 reduced. Subsequent to step 325 and to step 320 the query 330, which checks whether the counter Z is greater than a threshold ZS. If this is the case, will in step 340, an error bit FB is set to 1. Otherwise the program proceeds to step 300.

Wird in Schritt 350 ein Fehler aufgrund einer Raildruckunplausibilität oder einer anderen Fehlerüberprüfung erkannt, so wird in Schritt 360 überprüft, ob das Fehlerbit FB mit 1 gesetzt ist. Ist dies der Fall, wird in Schritt 370 ein Fehler der Pumpe 125 erkannt. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so wird in Schritt 365 ein Fehler des Druckregelventils 135 erkannt. Erkennt die Abfrage 350 dass kein Fehler vorliegt, so setzt das Programm mit Schritt 355 im Normalbetrieb fort.If an error occurs in step 350 due to a Rail pressure implausibility or another Error check detected, it is checked in step 360, whether the error bit FB is set with 1. Is that the case, In step 370, an error of the pump 125 is detected. is this is not the case, then in step 365 an error of Pressure control valve 135 detected. Recognizes query 350 there is no error, the program proceeds to step 355 in normal operation.

Im Schritt 350 wird sowohl auf Fehler im Rahmen einer Unplausibilität im laufenden Betrieb als auch ein Fehler im Start der Brennkraftmaschine erkannt.In step 350, both errors in a Implausibility during operation as well as an error in the Start of the internal combustion engine detected.

Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise, die in Figur 3a gestrichelt dargestellt wird, erfolgt nach der Abfrage 330 eine weitere Abfrage 335 die überprüft, ob der Zähler Z größer als ein zweiter Schwellwert ZS2 ist. Dieser Wert ZS2 ist deutlich kleiner als der Wert ZS. Dieser Wert ZS2 zeigt an, dass möglicherweise in Kürze ein Fehler im Bereich der Hochdruckpumpe 125 auftreten könnte, da gehäuft Druckschwankungen auftreten. Wird dies erkannt, so können bereits vor dem Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine Ersatzreaktionen und Notlaufverfahren zum Beispiel eine Mengenbegrenzung und/oder eine Raildruckbegrenzung erfolgen. Diese erfolgen dann in Schritt 338.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the Inventive procedure, which in Figure 3a is shown by dashed lines, takes place after the query 330 another query 335 which checks whether the counter Z is greater than a second threshold ZS2. This value ZS2 is significantly smaller than the value ZS. This value ZS2 shows that may shortly be a mistake in the area of High pressure pump 125 could occur as heaped Pressure fluctuations occur. If this is recognized, then even before switching off the internal combustion engine Replacement reactions and emergency procedures, for example one Quantity limitation and / or a rail pressure limit done. These then take place in step 338.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a common rail system, wherein the fuel is compressed by a pump and a pressure variable which characterizes the fuel pressure is sensed, characterized in that a fault is detected if a pressure variable which is filtered with a bandpass filter and a lowpass filter deviates from a threshold value, wherein frequencies which have a specific relationship with the rotation of the engine are selected.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that frequencies which correspond to an integral multiple of a pump frequency are selected.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fault in the region of the element shut-off valve is distinguished from a fault in the pump on the basis of an actuation signal for an element shut-off valve.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absolute value of the filtered signal is compared with a threshold value.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a defect in the pump is detected.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a defect in the pump is distinguished from a defect in another component, in particular a pressure-regulating valve.
  7. Device for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a common rail system, wherein a pump compresses the fuel, characterized in that means are provided which detect a fault if a pressure variable which is filtered with a bandpass filter and a lowpass filter deviates from a threshold value, wherein frequencies which have a specific relationship with the rotation of the engine are selected.
EP01935997A 2000-05-03 2001-04-26 Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1280989B1 (en)

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DE10021534 2000-05-03
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DE10103867A DE10103867A1 (en) 2000-05-03 2001-01-30 Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine
DE10103867 2001-01-30
PCT/DE2001/001572 WO2001083971A1 (en) 2000-05-03 2001-04-26 Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine

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DE50108242D1 (en) 2006-01-05
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WO2001083971A1 (en) 2001-11-08
EP1280989A1 (en) 2003-02-05

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