EP1273780B1 - Procedure for operating an internal combustion engine particularly in a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Procedure for operating an internal combustion engine particularly in a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1273780B1
EP1273780B1 EP20020012228 EP02012228A EP1273780B1 EP 1273780 B1 EP1273780 B1 EP 1273780B1 EP 20020012228 EP20020012228 EP 20020012228 EP 02012228 A EP02012228 A EP 02012228A EP 1273780 B1 EP1273780 B1 EP 1273780B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
internal combustion
combustion engine
fuel
accumulator
Prior art date
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Application number
EP20020012228
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1273780A3 (en
EP1273780A2 (en
Inventor
Andreas Pfaeffle
Christoph Weienauer
Andreas Kellner
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1273780A3 publication Critical patent/EP1273780A3/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3863Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/12Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
    • F02D41/123Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration the fuel injection being cut-off
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D2041/389Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type for injecting directly into the cylinder
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602Fuel pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/31Control of the fuel pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped

Definitions

  • The. invention is based on a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, in which fuel is conveyed from a high-pressure pump into an accumulator, in which the fuel is injected via an injection valve into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the pressure in the pressure accumulator to a Target pressure plus an offset value is limited, and in which no fuel is injected via the injection valve in a pushing operation of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to an internal combustion engine and a control device for an internal combustion engine of the corresponding type.
  • the existing pressure in the accumulator pressure must be reduced via the pressure control valve and leaks. Due to the offset value, however, the pressure regulating valve opens only when the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator is greater by the offset value than the setpoint pressure. This has the consequence that the actual pressure at the transition to the shift operation is always substantially greater than the target pressure. This means at the same time that the time required for the pressure reduction is relatively large.
  • a system for high-pressure generation in particular for high-pressure fuel generation in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine is known.
  • This system has a high pressure pump and a pressure control valve on the delivery side of the high pressure pump.
  • the pressure regulating valve opens upon reaching a threshold pressure, so that the amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump is discharged via a return line.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, in which the fastest possible pressure reduction is possible in the transition to the overrun mode.
  • This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in the present invention that is set in the shift operation of the offset value to a minimum value or even zero.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention.
  • the pressure regulating valve By reducing the offset value to the minimum value or even zero, it is achieved that the pressure regulating valve already opens after the detected shift operation when the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator is slightly greater than the setpoint pressure. Thus, the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator can begin immediately after the transition to the shift operation. The time required for the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator is thus very low.
  • the shift operation is detected by comparing the current volume flow through the high-pressure pump and the flow rate at zero promotion.
  • the computer program comprises program code which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention when it is executed on a computer.
  • the program code can be stored on a computer-readable data carrier, for example on a so-called flash memory.
  • the invention is realized by the computer program, so that this computer program in the same way represents the invention as the method to whose execution the computer program is suitable.
  • a fuel supply system 10 of an internal combustion engine is shown.
  • the Fuel supply system 10 is commonly referred to as a common rail system and is suitable for the direct injection of fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine under high pressure.
  • the fuel is sucked in from a fuel tank 11 via a first filter 12 from a prefeed pump 13.
  • the prefeed pump 13 may be, for example, an electric fuel pump.
  • the sucked by the feed pump 13 fuel is conveyed via a second filter 13- to a metering unit 15.
  • the metering unit 15 may, for example, be a solenoid-controlled proportional valve.
  • the metering unit 15 is followed by a high-pressure pump 16.
  • a high pressure pump 16 usually mechanical pumps are used, which are driven by the internal combustion engine.
  • the high pressure pump 16 is connected to a pressure accumulator 17, which is often referred to as a rail.
  • This accumulator 17 is connected via fuel lines with injectors 21 in contact. About the injectors 21, the fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
  • a pressure control valve 18 is connected, which is the output side coupled to the fuel tank 11.
  • the pressure regulating valve 18 may be, for example, an electrically controllable solenoid valve.
  • a pressure sensor 19 may be provided, which is coupled to the pressure accumulator 17.
  • a control device 20 is provided, which of a plurality is acted upon by input signals. These input signals may be the rotational speed N of the internal combustion engine or the engine temperature T of the internal combustion engine. It may also be the pressure within the fuel accumulator 17, which is measured by the pressure sensor 19.
  • the controller 20 In response to the input signals, the controller 20 generates a plurality of output signals. This may be, for example, a signal for controlling the prefeed pump 13 or a signal for controlling the metering unit 15 or a signal for controlling the pressure regulating valve 18.
  • the fuel supply system 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 operates as follows:
  • the fuel which is located in the fuel tank 11, is sucked by the prefeed pump 13 and conveyed to the metering unit 15.
  • the pressure in this region of the fuel supply system 10 is usually in a range of about 1 bar to about 3 bar. This area is therefore also referred to as low pressure area.
  • the aforementioned area can be monitored or controlled and / or regulated with the aid of a further valve (not shown in FIG. 1).
  • the amount of fuel supplied by the metering unit 15 of the high-pressure pump 16 is referred to as delivery rate.
  • the fuel to be injected is then conveyed into the fuel reservoir 17 in order to be injected from there via the injection valves 21 into the respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
  • the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chambers by the injection valves 21 is referred to as an injection quantity.
  • the pressure regulating valve 18 is used to limit the pressure. This means that the pressure regulating valve 18 is actuated such that it opens at a predetermined pressure in the pressure accumulator 17. In this way, a pressure increase of the pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 is prevented above the predetermined value.
  • the metering of the fuel to be injected via the metering unit 15 is only possible to a limited extent. Instead, the metering unit 15 is actuated in such a way that a so-called full delivery takes place. This means that the high-pressure pump 16 conveys the respective maximum amount of fuel into the fuel accumulator 17.
  • the amount of fuel to be injected is influenced by the fact that the pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 is controlled and / or regulated.
  • the pressure regulating valve 18 and the pressure sensor 19 are used.
  • the pressure regulating valve 18 is also used for pressure limiting.
  • the pressure regulating valve 18 is activated in such a way that it only opens at a predetermined value of the pressure in the pressure accumulator 17. It is necessary that the pressure regulating valve 18 until reaching the intended Value at which the pressure control valve 18 is to open safely remains closed.
  • This predetermined value is therefore usually derived from the target pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 with the addition of an offset value. For example, if the setpoint pressure is 1600 bar, then the offset value to be additively added is about 250 bar.
  • the overrun operation-better: overrun operation-of the internal combustion engine is present. In this shift operation, no fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. Instead, the internal combustion engine is pushed by the downhill rolling motor vehicle and thus kept in operation.
  • the delivery rate of the metering unit 15 is designated by the reference numeral 25, the injection quantity of the injection valves 21 by the reference numeral 26, the target pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 by the reference numeral 27, the offset value by the reference numeral 28, the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 without the present Invention with the reference numeral 29 and the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 with the present invention by the reference numeral 30th
  • the transition to the shift operation has an immediate transition of the flow rate 25 and the injection amount 26 to zero result.
  • a time range which is designated by the reference numeral 31, and in which the flow rate 25 and the injection amount 26 remain at zero.
  • Control unit 20 and the target pressure 27 for the accumulator 17 is reduced according to the figure 2. Since no injection of fuel takes place via the injection valves 21 in the pushing operation, the pressure reduction of the actual pressure 29 in the pressure reservoir 17 can only take place via the pressure regulating valve 18 and via leakages of components.
  • the pressure control valve 18 opens - without application of the invention - but only when the actual pressure 29 is greater by the offset value 28 than the target pressure 27. This means that - without application of the invention - the actual pressure 29 in the time range 31 is always much larger than the set pressure 27. This means at the same time that - without application of the invention - the time required for the pressure reduction period is relatively large.
  • the shift operation is recognized by the invention.
  • the offset value of the invention is set to a minimum value or even zero.
  • the pressure control valve 18 opens already when the actual pressure 30 in the accumulator 17 is slightly greater than the target pressure 27.
  • the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator 17 immediately after the transition to the overrun mode kick off.
  • the actual pressure 30 in the pressure accumulator 17 thus deviates only slightly from the setpoint pressure 27 in the time range 31. The time required for the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator 17 is thus very low.
  • FIG. 3 shows a method with which the above-described mode of operation of the internal combustion engine can be carried out. This Method is realized by the controller 20 by software.
  • the speed N of the internal combustion engine and the setpoint pressure 27 determined and predetermined by the control unit 20 in the pressure accumulator 17 are fed to a pilot control map 35 which generates a pilot control variable 36 as a function of these operating variables.
  • the set pressure 27 is also fed to an offset characteristic 37, which determines the offset value 28 in dependence thereon. Via a switch 38 and an addition 39, the offset value 28 is then added to the pilot control quantity 36. At the output of the addition 39, this results in a control variable 40 for the pressure control valve 18, to which the pressure regulating valve 18 is set, and determines the pressure at which the pressure regulating valve 18 opens.
  • a block 44 it is checked in FIG. 3 in a block 44 whether the pressure 45 in the pressure accumulator 17 exceeds a minimum value 46.
  • a minimum value 46 for example, the current pressure measured by the pressure sensor 19 is compared with the predetermined minimum value 46.
  • the minimum value 46 is also given by way of example in FIG.
  • the output signals of the blocks 41 and 44 are supplied to an AND link 47, which - if the current flow 42 through the high pressure pump 16 is less than or equal to the flow rate 43 at zero flow, and if the current pressure 45 in the accumulator 17 is greater than the minimum value 46 - the switch 38 switches. This has the consequence that no longer the offset value 28 is applied to the addition 39, but the already explained minimum value for the offset value. This minimum value may - as mentioned - possibly even be zero.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die. Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei dem Kraftstoff von einer Hochdruckpumpe in einen Druckspeicher gefördert wird, bei dem der Kraftstoff über ein Einspritzventil in einen Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird, bei dem der Druck in dem Druckspeicher auf einen Solldruck zuzüglich eines Offsetwerts begrenzt wird, und bei dem in einem Schiebebetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine kein Kraftstoff über das Einspritzventil eingespritzt wird. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Brennkraftmaschine sowie ein Steuergerät für eine Brennkraftmaschine der entsprechenden Art.The. The invention is based on a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, in which fuel is conveyed from a high-pressure pump into an accumulator, in which the fuel is injected via an injection valve into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the pressure in the pressure accumulator to a Target pressure plus an offset value is limited, and in which no fuel is injected via the injection valve in a pushing operation of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to an internal combustion engine and a control device for an internal combustion engine of the corresponding type.

Da im Schiebebetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine kein Kraftstoff über die Einspritzventile in die Brennräume derselben eingespritzt wird, muß der in dem Druckspeicher vorhandene Druck über das Druckregelventil und über Leckagen abgebaut werden. Aufgrund des Offsetwerts öffnet das Druckregelventil jedoch erst, wenn der Istdruck in dem Druckspeicher um den Offsetwert größer ist als der Solldruck. Dies hat zur Folge, daß der Istdruck beim Übergang in den Schiebebetrieb immer wesentlich größer ist als der Solldruck. Dies bedeutet gleichzeitig, daß die für den Druckabbau erforderliche Zeitdauer relativ groß ist.Since no fuel is injected via the injectors into the combustion chambers of the same in the overrun mode of the internal combustion engine, the existing pressure in the accumulator pressure must be reduced via the pressure control valve and leaks. Due to the offset value, however, the pressure regulating valve opens only when the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator is greater by the offset value than the setpoint pressure. This has the consequence that the actual pressure at the transition to the shift operation is always substantially greater than the target pressure. This means at the same time that the time required for the pressure reduction is relatively large.

Aus der DE 197 38 502 A1 ist ein System zur Hochdruckerzeugung, insbesondere zur Kraftstoffhochdruckerzeugung bei einem Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt. Dieses System weist eine Hochdruckpumpe und ein Druckregelventil auf der Förderseite der Hochdruckpumpe auf. Das Druckregelventil öffnet bei Erreichen eines Schwelldrucks, so dass die von der Hochdruckpumpe geförderte Kraftstoffmenge über einen Rücklauf abgelassen wird.From DE 197 38 502 A1 a system for high-pressure generation, in particular for high-pressure fuel generation in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine is known. This system has a high pressure pump and a pressure control valve on the delivery side of the high pressure pump. The pressure regulating valve opens upon reaching a threshold pressure, so that the amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump is discharged via a return line.

Aufgabe und Vorteile der ErfindungPurpose and advantages of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs zu schaffen, bei dem ein möglichst rascher Druckabbau beim Übergang in den Schiebebetrieb möglich ist.The object of the invention is to provide a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, in which the fastest possible pressure reduction is possible in the transition to the overrun mode.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß im Schiebebetrieb der Offsetwert auf einen Minimalwert oder gar auf Null gesetzt wird. Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine und einem Steuergerät der eingangs genannten Art wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß entsprechend gelöst.This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in the present invention that is set in the shift operation of the offset value to a minimum value or even zero. In an internal combustion engine and a control unit of the type mentioned, the object is achieved according to the invention.

Durch die Verminderung des Offsetwerts auf den Minimalwert oder gar auf Null wird erreicht, daß das Druckregelventil nach erkanntem Schiebebetrieb bereits dann öffnet, wenn der Istdruck in dem Druckspeicher geringfügig größer ist als der Solldruck. Damit kann der Druckabbau in dem Druckspeicher sofort nach dem Übergang in den Schiebebetrieb beginnen. Die für den Druckabbau in dem Druckspeicher erforderliche Zeitdauer ist damit sehr gering.By reducing the offset value to the minimum value or even zero, it is achieved that the pressure regulating valve already opens after the detected shift operation when the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator is slightly greater than the setpoint pressure. Thus, the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator can begin immediately after the transition to the shift operation. The time required for the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator is thus very low.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Schiebebetrieb durch einen Vergleich des aktuellen Volumenstroms durch die Hochdruckpumpe und des Volumenstroms bei Nullförderung erkannt.Appropriately, the shift operation is detected by comparing the current volume flow through the high-pressure pump and the flow rate at zero promotion.

Von besonderer Bedeutung ist die Realisierung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in der Form eines Computerprogramms, das für ein Steuergerät einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs vorgesehen ist. Das Computerprogramm weist Programmcode auf, der dazu geeignet ist, das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchzuführen, wenn er auf einem Computer ausgeführt wird.Of particular importance is the realization of the method according to the invention in the form of a computer program which is provided for a control unit of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle. The computer program comprises program code which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention when it is executed on a computer.

Weiterhin kann der Programmcode auf einem computerlesbaren Datenträger gespeichert sein, beispielsweise auf einem sogenannten Flash-Memory. In diesen Fällen wird also die Erfindung durch das Computerprogramm realisiert, so daß dieses Computerprogramm in gleicher Weise die Erfindung darstellt wie das Verfahren, zu dessen Ausführung das Computerprogramm geeignet ist.Furthermore, the program code can be stored on a computer-readable data carrier, for example on a so-called flash memory. In these cases, therefore, the invention is realized by the computer program, so that this computer program in the same way represents the invention as the method to whose execution the computer program is suitable.

Weitere Merkmale, Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung, die in den Figuren der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. Dabei bilden alle beschriebenen.oder dargestellten Merkmale für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination den Gegenstand der Erfindung, unabhängig von ihrer Zusammenfassung in den Patentansprüchen oder deren Rückbeziehung sowie unabhängig von ihrer Formulierung bzw. Darstellung in der Beschreibung bzw. in der Zeichnung.Other features, applications and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention, which are illustrated in the figures of the drawing. All described or illustrated features alone or in any combination form the subject matter of the invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their dependency and regardless of their formulation or representation in the description or in the drawing.

Ausführungsbeispiele der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention

Figur 1FIG. 1
zeigt ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug,shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an internal combustion engine according to the invention for a motor vehicle,
Figur 2FIG. 2
zeigt ein schematisches Diagramm von Betriebsgrößen der Brennkraftmaschine der Figur 1, undshows a schematic diagram of operating variables of the internal combustion engine of Figure 1, and
Figur 3FIG. 3
zeigt ein schematisches Ablaufdiagramm eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Betreiben der Brennkraftmaschine der Figur 1.shows a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the invention for operating the internal combustion engine of Figure 1.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Kraftstoffversorgungssystem 10 einer Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt. Das Kraftstoffversorgungssystem 10 wird üblicherweise auch als Common-Rail-System bezeichnet und ist zur direkten Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine unter Hochdruck geeignet.1, a fuel supply system 10 of an internal combustion engine is shown. The Fuel supply system 10 is commonly referred to as a common rail system and is suitable for the direct injection of fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine under high pressure.

Der Kraftstoff wird aus einem Kraftstofftank 11 über ein erstes Filter 12 von einer Vorförderpumpe 13 angesaugt. Bei der Vorförderpumpe 13 kann es sich bspw. um eine elektrische Kraftstoffpumpe handeln.The fuel is sucked in from a fuel tank 11 via a first filter 12 from a prefeed pump 13. The prefeed pump 13 may be, for example, an electric fuel pump.

Der von der Vorförderpumpe 13 angesaugte Kraftstoff wird über ein zweites Filter 13- zu einer Zumesseinheit 15 gefördert. Bei der Zumesseinheit 15 kann es sich bspw. um ein magnetgesteuertes Proportionalventil handeln.The sucked by the feed pump 13 fuel is conveyed via a second filter 13- to a metering unit 15. The metering unit 15 may, for example, be a solenoid-controlled proportional valve.

Der Zumesseinheit 15 ist eine Hochdruckpumpe 16 nachgeordnet. Als Hochdruckpumpe 16 werden üblicherweise mechanische Pumpen eingesetzt, die von der Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben werden.The metering unit 15 is followed by a high-pressure pump 16. As a high pressure pump 16 usually mechanical pumps are used, which are driven by the internal combustion engine.

Die Hochdruckpumpe 16 ist mit einem Druckspeicher 17 verbunden, der häufig auch als Rail bezeichnet wird. Dieser Druckspeicher 17 steht über Kraftstoffleitungen mit Einspritzventilen 21 in Kontakt. Über die Einspritzventile 21 wird der Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt.The high pressure pump 16 is connected to a pressure accumulator 17, which is often referred to as a rail. This accumulator 17 is connected via fuel lines with injectors 21 in contact. About the injectors 21, the fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.

Mit dem Druckspeicher 17 ist ein Druckregelventil 18 verbunden, das ausgangsseitig mit dem Kraftstofftank 11 gekoppelt ist. Bei dem Druckregelventil 18 kann es sich bspw. um ein elektrisch ansteuerbares Magnetventil handeln.With the accumulator 17, a pressure control valve 18 is connected, which is the output side coupled to the fuel tank 11. The pressure regulating valve 18 may be, for example, an electrically controllable solenoid valve.

Weiterhin kann ein Drucksensor 19 vorgesehen sein, der mit dem Druckspeicher 17 gekoppelt ist.Furthermore, a pressure sensor 19 may be provided, which is coupled to the pressure accumulator 17.

Ein Steuergerät 20 ist vorgesehen, die von einer Mehrzahl von Eingangssignalen beaufschlagt ist. Bei diesen Eingangssignalen kann es sich um die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine oder die Motortemperatur T der Brennkraftmaschine handeln. Ebenfalls kann es sich dabei um den Druck innerhalb des Kraftstoffspeichers 17 handeln, der von dem Drucksensor 19 gemessen wird.A control device 20 is provided, which of a plurality is acted upon by input signals. These input signals may be the rotational speed N of the internal combustion engine or the engine temperature T of the internal combustion engine. It may also be the pressure within the fuel accumulator 17, which is measured by the pressure sensor 19.

In Abhängigkeit von den Eingangssignalen erzeugt das Steuergerät 20 eine-Mehrzahl von Ausgangssignalen. Dabei kann es sich bspw. um ein Signal zur Ansteuerung der Vorförderpumpe 13 oder um ein Signal zur Ansteuerung der Zumesseinheit 15 oder um ein Signal zur Ansteuerung des Druckregelventils 18 handeln.In response to the input signals, the controller 20 generates a plurality of output signals. This may be, for example, a signal for controlling the prefeed pump 13 or a signal for controlling the metering unit 15 or a signal for controlling the pressure regulating valve 18.

Das Kraftstoffversorgungssystem 10, das in der Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, arbeitet wie folgt:The fuel supply system 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 operates as follows:

Der Kraftstoff, der sich im Kraftstofftank 11 befindet, wird von der Vorförderpumpe 13 angesaugt und zur Zumesseinheit 15 gefördert. Der Druck in diesem Bereich des Kraftstoffversorgungssystems 10 liegt üblicherweise in einem Bereich von etwa 1 bar bis etwa 3 bar. Dieser Bereich wird deshalb auch als Niederdruckbereich bezeichnet. Der vorgenannte Bereich kann dabei mit Hilfe eines weiteren, in der Fig. 1 nicht dargestellten Ventils überwacht bzw. gesteuert und/oder geregelt werden.The fuel, which is located in the fuel tank 11, is sucked by the prefeed pump 13 and conveyed to the metering unit 15. The pressure in this region of the fuel supply system 10 is usually in a range of about 1 bar to about 3 bar. This area is therefore also referred to as low pressure area. The aforementioned area can be monitored or controlled and / or regulated with the aid of a further valve (not shown in FIG. 1).

Von der Zumesseinheit 15 wird diejenige Menge an Kraftstoff zu der Hochdruckpumpe 16 weitergegeben, die - aufgrund des jeweils momentanen Betriebszustands der Brennkraftmaschine - über die Einspritzventile 21 in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt werden soll. Die von der Zumesseinheit 15 der Hochdruckpumpe 16 zugeführte Kraftstoffmenge wird dabei als Fördermenge bezeichnet.From the metering unit 15 that amount of fuel is passed to the high-pressure pump 16, which - is to be injected via the injectors 21 into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine - due to the respective current operating state of the internal combustion engine. The amount of fuel supplied by the metering unit 15 of the high-pressure pump 16 is referred to as delivery rate.

Von der Hochdruckpumpe 16 wird dann der einzuspritzende Kraftstoff in den Kraftstoffspeicher 17 gefördert, um von dort über die Einspritzventile 21 in die jeweiligen Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt zu werden. Die von den Einspritzventilen 21 den Brennräumen zugeführte Kraftstoffmenge wird dabei als Einspritzmenge bezeichnet.From the high-pressure pump 16, the fuel to be injected is then conveyed into the fuel reservoir 17 in order to be injected from there via the injection valves 21 into the respective combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. The amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chambers by the injection valves 21 is referred to as an injection quantity.

Während der vorbeschriebenen Betriebsweise der Brennkraftmaschine wird das Druckregelventil 18 zur Druckbegrenzung eingesetzt. Dies bedeutet, dass das Druckregelventil 18 derart angesteuert wird, dass es bei einem vorgegebenen Druck in dem Druckspeicher 17-öffnet. Auf diese Weise wird ein Druckanstieg des Drucks in dem Druckspeicher 17 über den vorgegebenen Wert verhindert.During the above-described operation of the internal combustion engine, the pressure regulating valve 18 is used to limit the pressure. This means that the pressure regulating valve 18 is actuated such that it opens at a predetermined pressure in the pressure accumulator 17. In this way, a pressure increase of the pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 is prevented above the predetermined value.

Insbesondere bei niederen Kraftstofftemperaturen ist die Zumessung des einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffs über die Zumesseinheit 15 nur bedingt möglich. Es wird dann stattdessen die Zumesseinheit 15 derart angesteuert, dass eine sogenannte Vollförderung stattfindet. Dies bedeutet, dass die Hochdruckpumpe 16 die jeweils maximale Kraftstoffmenge in den Kraftstoffspeicher 17 fördert.Especially at low fuel temperatures, the metering of the fuel to be injected via the metering unit 15 is only possible to a limited extent. Instead, the metering unit 15 is actuated in such a way that a so-called full delivery takes place. This means that the high-pressure pump 16 conveys the respective maximum amount of fuel into the fuel accumulator 17.

Bei dieser Betriebsweise wird die einzuspritzende Kraftstoffmenge dadurch beeinflusst, dass der Druck in dem Druckspeicher 17 gesteuert und/oder geregelt wird. Hierzu werden das Druckregelventil 18 und der Drucksensor 19 herangezogen.In this mode of operation, the amount of fuel to be injected is influenced by the fact that the pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 is controlled and / or regulated. For this purpose, the pressure regulating valve 18 and the pressure sensor 19 are used.

Wie beschrieben wurde, wird das Druckregelventil 18 auch zur Druckbegrenzung eingesetzt. Bei dieser Betriebsweise wird, wie ebenfalls bereits erwähnt wurde, das Druckregelventil 18 derart angesteuert, dass es erst bei einem vorgegebenen Wert des Drucks in dem Druckspeicher 17 öffnet. Dabei ist es erforderlich, dass das Druckregelventil 18 bis zum Erreichen des vorgesehenen Wertes, bei dem das Druckregelventil 18 öffnen soll, sicher geschlossen bleibt. Dieser vorgegebene Wert wird deshalb üblicherweise aus dem Solldruck in dem Druckspeicher 17 unter Hinzufügung eines Offsetwerts abgeleitet. Beträgt der Solldruck beispielsweise 1600 bar, so ist der additiv hinzuzufügende Offsetwert etwa 250 bar.As has been described, the pressure regulating valve 18 is also used for pressure limiting. In this mode of operation, as has already been mentioned, the pressure regulating valve 18 is activated in such a way that it only opens at a predetermined value of the pressure in the pressure accumulator 17. It is necessary that the pressure regulating valve 18 until reaching the intended Value at which the pressure control valve 18 is to open safely remains closed. This predetermined value is therefore usually derived from the target pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 with the addition of an offset value. For example, if the setpoint pressure is 1600 bar, then the offset value to be additively added is about 250 bar.

Wenn das Kraftfahrzeug beispielsweise ein Gefälle hinunterfährt und der Fahrer des Kraftfahrzeugs die Kupplung und das Fahrpedal nicht betätigt, so liegt der Schubbetrieb - besser: Schiebebetrieb - der Brennkraftmaschine vor. In diesem Schiebebetrieb wird kein Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt. Statt dessen wird die Brennkraftmaschine von dem bergab rollenden Kraftfahrzeug angeschoben und damit in Betrieb gehalten.If the motor vehicle, for example, drives down a gradient and the driver of the motor vehicle does not actuate the clutch and the accelerator pedal, the overrun operation-better: overrun operation-of the internal combustion engine is present. In this shift operation, no fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. Instead, the internal combustion engine is pushed by the downhill rolling motor vehicle and thus kept in operation.

In der Figur 2 sind Betriebsgrößen der Brennkraftmaschine über der Zeit t aufgetragen, und zwar bei deren Übergang in den Schiebebetrieb. So ist die Fördermenge der Zumesseinheit 15 mit dem Bezugszeichen 25 gekennzeichnet, die Einspritzmenge der Einspritzventile 21 mit dem Bezugszeichen 26, der Solldruck in dem Druckspeicher 17 mit dem Bezugszeichen 27, der Offsetwert mit dem Bezugszeichen 28, der Istdruck in dem Druckspeicher 17 ohne die vorliegende Erfindung mit dem Bezugszeichen 29 und der Istdruck in dem Druckspeicher 17 mit der vorliegenden Erfindung mit dem Bezugszeichen 30.In FIG. 2, operating variables of the internal combustion engine are plotted over the time t, namely during their transition into the shift operation. Thus, the delivery rate of the metering unit 15 is designated by the reference numeral 25, the injection quantity of the injection valves 21 by the reference numeral 26, the target pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 by the reference numeral 27, the offset value by the reference numeral 28, the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 without the present Invention with the reference numeral 29 and the actual pressure in the pressure accumulator 17 with the present invention by the reference numeral 30th

Wie aus der Figur 2 hervorgeht, hat der Übergang in den Schiebebetrieb einen sofortigen Übergang der Fördermenge 25 und der Einspritzmenge 26 auf Null zur Folge. Unmittelbar an diesen Übergang schließt sich dann gemäß der Figur 2 ein zeitlicher Bereich an, der mit dem Bezugszeichen 31 gekennzeichnet ist, und in dem die Fördermenge 25 und die Einspritzmenge 26 auf Null verbleiben.As can be seen from the figure 2, the transition to the shift operation has an immediate transition of the flow rate 25 and the injection amount 26 to zero result. Immediately following this transition then joins according to the figure 2, a time range, which is designated by the reference numeral 31, and in which the flow rate 25 and the injection amount 26 remain at zero.

Aufgrund des Übergangs in den Schiebebetrieb wird von dem. Steuergerät 20 auch der Solldruck 27 für den Druckspeicher 17 gemäß der Figur 2 vermindert. Da in dem Schiebebetrieb keine Einspritzung von Kraftstoff über die Einspritzventile 21 erfolgt, kann der Druckabbau des Istdrucks 29 in dem Druckspeicher 17 nur über das Druckregelventil 18 und über Leckagen von Bauteilen erfolgen. Das Druckregelventil 18 öffnet - ohne Anwendung der Erfindung - jedoch erst, wenn der Istdruck 29 um den Offsetwert 28 größer ist als der Solldruck 27. Dies bedeutet, daß - ohne Anwendung der Erfindung - der Istdruck 29 in dem Zeitbereich 31 immer wesentlich größer ist als der Solldruck 27. Dies bedeutet gleichzeitig, daß - ohne Anwendung der Erfindung - die für den Druckabbau erforderliche Zeitdauer relativ groß ist.Due to the transition to the shift operation is of the. Control unit 20 and the target pressure 27 for the accumulator 17 is reduced according to the figure 2. Since no injection of fuel takes place via the injection valves 21 in the pushing operation, the pressure reduction of the actual pressure 29 in the pressure reservoir 17 can only take place via the pressure regulating valve 18 and via leakages of components. The pressure control valve 18 opens - without application of the invention - but only when the actual pressure 29 is greater by the offset value 28 than the target pressure 27. This means that - without application of the invention - the actual pressure 29 in the time range 31 is always much larger than the set pressure 27. This means at the same time that - without application of the invention - the time required for the pressure reduction period is relatively large.

Wie im Zusammenhang mit der Figur 3 noch beschrieben wird, wird der Schiebebetrieb von der Erfindung erkannt. Sobald der Schiebebetrieb erkannt ist, wird der Offsetwert von der Erfindung auf einen Minimalwert oder gar auf Null gesetzt.As will be described in connection with FIG. 3, the shift operation is recognized by the invention. As soon as the shift operation is detected, the offset value of the invention is set to a minimum value or even zero.

Daraus ergibt sich bei der Erfindung folgendes:This results in the following in the invention:

Sobald nach erkanntem Schiebebetrieb der Offsetwert auf den Minimalwert gesetzt ist, öffnet das Druckregelventil 18 bereits dann, wenn der Istdruck 30 in dem Druckspeicher 17 geringfügig größer ist als der Solldruck 27. Damit kann der Druckabbau in dem Druckspeicher 17 sofort nach dem Übergang in den Schiebebetrieb beginnen. Der Istdruck 30 in dem Druckspeicher 17 weicht somit in dem Zeitbereich 31 nur geringfügig von dem Solldruck 27 ab. Die für den Druckabbau in dem Druckspeicher 17 erforderliche Zeitdauer ist damit sehr gering.Once after the detected shift operation, the offset value is set to the minimum value, the pressure control valve 18 opens already when the actual pressure 30 in the accumulator 17 is slightly greater than the target pressure 27. Thus, the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator 17 immediately after the transition to the overrun mode kick off. The actual pressure 30 in the pressure accumulator 17 thus deviates only slightly from the setpoint pressure 27 in the time range 31. The time required for the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator 17 is thus very low.

In der Figur 3 ist ein Verfahren dargestellt, mit dem die vorstehend beschriebene Betriebsweise der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt werden kann. Dieses Verfahren wird von dem Steuergerät 20 per Software realisiert.FIG. 3 shows a method with which the above-described mode of operation of the internal combustion engine can be carried out. This Method is realized by the controller 20 by software.

Die Drehzahl N der Brennkraftmaschine und der von dem Steuergerät 20 ermittelte und vorgegebene Solldruck 27 in dem Druckspeicher 17 werden einem Vorsteuerkennfeld 35 zugeführt, das in Abhängigkeit von diesen Betriebsgrößen eine Vorsteuergröße 36 erzeugt.The speed N of the internal combustion engine and the setpoint pressure 27 determined and predetermined by the control unit 20 in the pressure accumulator 17 are fed to a pilot control map 35 which generates a pilot control variable 36 as a function of these operating variables.

Der Solldruck 27 ist auch einer Offsetkennlinie 37 zugeführt, die in Abhängigkeit davon den Offsetwert 28 bestimmt. Über einen Schalter 38 und eine Addition 39 wird dann der Offsetwert 28 zu der Vorsteuergröße 36 hinzugefügt. Am Ausgang der Addition 39 ergibt sich damit eine Steuergröße 40 für das Druckregelventil 18, auf die das Druckregelventil 18 eingestellt wird, und die den Druck bestimmt, bei dem das Druckregelventil 18 öffnet.The set pressure 27 is also fed to an offset characteristic 37, which determines the offset value 28 in dependence thereon. Via a switch 38 and an addition 39, the offset value 28 is then added to the pilot control quantity 36. At the output of the addition 39, this results in a control variable 40 for the pressure control valve 18, to which the pressure regulating valve 18 is set, and determines the pressure at which the pressure regulating valve 18 opens.

Mit Hilfe eines Blocks 41 der Figur 3 wird erkannt, ob der Schiebebetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine vorliegt. Dies wird durch einen Vergleich des aktuellen Volumenstroms 42 durch die Hochdruckpumpe 16 und des Volumenstroms 43 bei Nullförderung erreicht. Ist der aktuelle Volumenstrom 42 kleiner oder gleich dem Volumenstrom 43 bei Nullförderung, so liegt der Schiebebetrieb vor.With the help of a block 41 of Figure 3 is detected whether the shift operation of the internal combustion engine is present. This is achieved by comparing the current volume flow 42 through the high-pressure pump 16 and the volume flow 43 at zero delivery. If the current volume flow 42 is less than or equal to the volume flow 43 at zero delivery, then the shift operation is present.

Weiterhin wird in der Figur 3 in einem Block 44 überprüft, ob der Druck 45 in dem Druckspeicher 17 einen Minimalwert 46 übersteigt. Hierzu wird beispielsweise der von dem Drucksensor 19 gemessene aktuelle Druck mit dem vorgegebenen Minimalwert 46 verglichen. Der Minimalwert 46 ist beispielhaft auch in der Figur 2 angegeben. Durch den Block 44 wird auf diese Weise erreicht, daß die nachfolgend erläuterte Umschaltung des Offsetwerts nur dann erfolgt, wenn der aktuelle Druck 45 in dem Druckspeicher 17 größer ist als der Minimalwert 46.Furthermore, it is checked in FIG. 3 in a block 44 whether the pressure 45 in the pressure accumulator 17 exceeds a minimum value 46. For this purpose, for example, the current pressure measured by the pressure sensor 19 is compared with the predetermined minimum value 46. The minimum value 46 is also given by way of example in FIG. By the block 44 is achieved in this way that the below explained switching of the offset value only takes place when the current pressure 45 in the pressure accumulator 17 is greater than the minimum value 46th

Die Ausgangssignale der Blöcke 41 und 44 werden einer UND-Verknüpfung 47 zugeführt, die - sofern der aktuelle Volumenstrom 42 durch die Hochdruckpumpe 16 kleiner oder gleich ist als der Volumenstrom 43 bei Nullförderung, und sofern der aktuelle Druck 45 in dem Druckspeicher 17 größer ist als der Minimalwert 46 - den Schalter 38 umschaltet. Dies hat zur Folge, daß nicht mehr der Offsetwert 28 an der Addition 39 anliegt, sondern der bereits erläuterte Minimalwert für den Offsetwert. Dieser Minimalwert kann - wie erwähnt - gegebenenfalls sogar Null sein.The output signals of the blocks 41 and 44 are supplied to an AND link 47, which - if the current flow 42 through the high pressure pump 16 is less than or equal to the flow rate 43 at zero flow, and if the current pressure 45 in the accumulator 17 is greater than the minimum value 46 - the switch 38 switches. This has the consequence that no longer the offset value 28 is applied to the addition 39, but the already explained minimum value for the offset value. This minimum value may - as mentioned - possibly even be zero.

Durch diese Umschaltung des Offsetwerts nach erkanntem Schiebebetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine wird somit die Vorsteuergröße 40 für das Druckregelventil 18 vermindert, und zwar etwa um dem Offsetwert 28. Damit wird insbesondere die Zeitdauer für den Druckabbau beim Übergang in den Schiebebetrieb wesentlich verkürzt, wie dies bereits im Zusammenhang mit der Figur 2 erläutert wurde.By this switching of the offset value after detected overrun operation of the internal combustion engine thus the pilot control quantity 40 is reduced for the pressure control valve 18, and about the offset value 28. Thus, in particular the time for the pressure reduction during the transition to the overrun significantly shortened, as already in connection has been explained with the figure 2.

Sobald der aktuelle Druck 45 in dem Druckspeicher 17 kleiner wird als der Minimalwert 46, so wird dies von dem Block 44 erkannt. Ist dies der Fall, so bedeutet dies, daß der Druckabbau in dem Druckspeicher 17 durchgeführt ist. Dies hat dann zur Folge, daß der Schalter 38 wieder zurückgeschaltet wird, so daß der Offsetwert 28 wieder aktiv ist.As soon as the current pressure 45 in the pressure accumulator 17 becomes smaller than the minimum value 46, this is detected by the block 44. If this is the case, this means that the pressure reduction in the pressure accumulator 17 is performed. This has the consequence that the switch 38 is switched back again, so that the offset value 28 is active again.

Claims (8)

  1. Method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which method fuel is delivered into a pressure accumulator (17) by a high pressure pump (16), in which method the fuel is injected into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine by means of an injection valve (21), in which method the pressure in the pressure accumulator (17) is limited to a nominal pressure (27) plus an offset value (28), and in which method no fuel is injected by means of the injection valve (21) in an overrun mode of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that, in the overrun mode, the offset value (28) is set to a minimum value or even to zero.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the overrun mode is detected by means of a comparison of the instantaneous volume flow rate (42) through the high pressure pump (16) with the volume flow rate (43) in the case of zero feed.
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the overrun mode is detected by means of a comparison of the instantaneous pressure (45) in the pressure accumulator (17) with a minimum value (46).
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the nominal pressure (27) is determined as a function of operating variables of the internal combustion engine.
  5. Computer program for a control unit (20) of an internal combustion engine having program code which, if it is executed on a computer, is suitable for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 4.
  6. Computer program according to Claim 5, the program code being stored on a computer-readable data carrier.
  7. Control unit (20) for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 4.
  8. Internal combustion engine having a control unit according to Claim 7.
EP20020012228 2001-07-02 2002-06-04 Procedure for operating an internal combustion engine particularly in a motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1273780B1 (en)

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DE2001131506 DE10131506A1 (en) 2001-07-02 2001-07-02 Method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle
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DE10261446A1 (en) * 2002-12-31 2004-07-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for actuating a pressure control valve in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine
DE10323874A1 (en) 2003-05-26 2004-12-30 Siemens Ag Method for operating an internal combustion engine, fuel system and a volume flow control valve
DE102007017649A1 (en) 2007-04-12 2008-10-16 Vistec Semiconductor Systems Gmbh A method for determining the focal position of at least two edges of structures on a substrate
DE102007023898A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for controlling an injection valve
DE102010012152A1 (en) 2010-03-20 2011-09-22 Audi Ag Method for operating fuel supply system for combustion engine of motor vehicle, involves controlling pressure setting medium by different size of pressure in accumulator
DE102010043755B4 (en) 2010-11-11 2021-11-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an internal combustion engine, control device and internal combustion engine
DE102014209540A1 (en) 2014-05-20 2015-11-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for reducing a pressure in a high pressure accumulator of an internal combustion engine

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JP2964665B2 (en) * 1991-02-27 1999-10-18 株式会社デンソー Accumulation type fuel injection system for diesel engine
DE19626689C1 (en) * 1996-07-03 1997-11-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Common-rail fuel injection system monitoring method
JP3713918B2 (en) * 1997-08-29 2005-11-09 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Engine fuel injection method and apparatus
DE19738502A1 (en) * 1997-09-03 1999-03-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert High pressure generation system
JP2000073815A (en) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-07 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel injection control device
DE10003906A1 (en) * 2000-01-29 2001-08-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel dosing system pressure sensor calibrating process, involving using pressure in high-pressure zone as reference pressure
DE10020629A1 (en) * 2000-04-27 2001-11-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method for operating a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle

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EP1273780A3 (en) 2005-01-05
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DE50209819D1 (en) 2007-05-10
JP2003056384A (en) 2003-02-26
EP1273780A2 (en) 2003-01-08

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