EP1269105B1 - Pyrotechnische ladung mit doppelfunktion - Google Patents

Pyrotechnische ladung mit doppelfunktion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1269105B1
EP1269105B1 EP01921435A EP01921435A EP1269105B1 EP 1269105 B1 EP1269105 B1 EP 1269105B1 EP 01921435 A EP01921435 A EP 01921435A EP 01921435 A EP01921435 A EP 01921435A EP 1269105 B1 EP1269105 B1 EP 1269105B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
pyrotechnic
explosive
nominal
priming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01921435A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1269105A1 (de
Inventor
Dominique Chambolle
Jean-Philippe Borgoltz
Philippe Adamski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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Publication of EP1269105A1 publication Critical patent/EP1269105A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge

Definitions

  • the present invention is specifically intended to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a pyrotechnic load dual operation that meets the multi-mission requirements mentioned above.
  • this pyrotechnic charge further comprising a first priming means and a second priming means, the first and second priming means being controllable independently from control means, for optionally transmitting a pyrotechnic order respectively to the nominal explosive charge or secondary explosive charge, the detonation of the secondary explosive charge not causing the initiation of the nominal explosive charge, and wherein the secondary explosive charge is in the form of pellets or bands of a secondary explosive distributed in an inert wave damper material.
  • the pyrotechnic charge of the present invention may further comprise a chip generator cutting line placed between the secondary explosive charge and the chip generator and / or between the protective envelope and the chip generator, and a third priming means, the third priming means being independently controllable from the control means for transmitting a pyrotechnic order to the cutting line, the detonation of the cutting line not damaging the secondary explosive charge and not causing the priming of the nominal explosive charge.
  • the nominal explosive charge is not in contact with the secondary explosive charge.
  • the space between the nominal explosive charge and the flash generator depends in particular directly on the density of the main explosive and the sensitivity of the explosive to initiation.
  • the secondary explosive charge must detonate without priming the nominal explosive.
  • this detonating explosive is essential to respect the chronometry necessary during the engagement phase of the use of the load.
  • the total decomposition after the ignition signal of the secondary explosive charge must preferably be obtained in less than 100 ⁇ s, which imposes a detonation regime.
  • This explosive charge is therefore, in accordance with the present invention, in the form of pellets or strips of a low energy secondary explosive distributed in a material inert wave damper, this set forming an explosive architecture.
  • the secondary explosive may be of the same nature as the nominal explosive if it is sufficiently sensitive. This may be the V350, but also more sensitive, comparable octogenous compositions, or bands, for example V401. According to the present invention, a pentrite composition, easy to shape and very good detonation, can also be used. The secondary explosive can therefore, because of its nature and its conformation in the pyrotechnic charge of the present invention, be initiated in the same way as the nominal explosive.
  • the mass of the secondary explosive to be used is proportional to the kinetic energy ratio that one wishes to communicate to the chips between the two operations. Indeed, for a given "slice of load", the kinetic energy imparted to the chips is a function of the explosive mass that detonates.
  • the inert material may be, for example in the form of a foam such as a porous plastic or a honeycomb, metallic or composite honeycomb structure, having for example a density of about 0, 2 to 0.3.
  • the non-priming of the main explosive is essentially provided by the vacuum formed by the cells of the foam which acts as a damper.
  • the foam can also fill a space left between the nominal explosive and the chip generator. This space can be about 10 mm.
  • the layer formed by the inert material and the explosive secondary can be partially structuring and participate in the mechanical strength of the load.
  • the abovementioned damping material and secondary composition act as a disturbance of the main stress, during fragmentation into “small chips” of the chip generator. This disturbance remains low, due to the energy ratio between the nominal explosive and the secondary explosive.
  • the ignition delay or pyrotechnic delay, existing between the nominal explosive on the one hand and the network of cords and the secondary composition, on the other hand, must make it possible to reduce the influence of a local concentration of explosive, likely to disturb the desired speed field of the chips.
  • the chip generator according to the present invention is capable of generating according to the operating mode, ie according to the pyrotechnic order chosen, respectively large splinters in an "energetic" operation or small chips in low energy operation.
  • the chip generator be of dense metal selected for example from tantalum, tungsten, and steel. Tantalum is preferred for its good ductility properties. Tungsten is also suitable, however it may have problems of metallurgical fragility binding for speeding which limits the effectiveness of chips. The choice of a steel chip generator is also however, the effectiveness of splinters seems less.
  • the generator of the profile and the thickness of the brightness generator are adjusted in each slice, in order to obtain the "good" speed distribution. It is thus possible to generate splinters varying in a ratio of mass and speed of up to twenty (ratio of more than 400 on the kinetic energy).
  • the small chips can be obtained by controlled fragmentation for example by means of an electron beam or by machining: that is to say that the whole chip generator is pre-cut according to inclined lines, for example by inclination close to 45 ° in order to allow the appearance of constraints "spreading" the pre-fragmentation lines with respect to the axis of revolution of the assembly.
  • the large chips can be obtained by cutting the monobloc chip generator using at least two cutting lines or a network of detonating cords. It is possible to use the lines of weakness of the small chips, for example a line on n lines, but it is preferable not to superimpose the cutting network of the big chips and small chips, to leave more latitude for the obtaining large chips and to limit mass losses at both ends of the spark generator cylinder, for example in triangular form.
  • the brightness generator is such that it can operate without the cutting cords.
  • splitting the chip generator into small chips or large chips is obtained according to the pyrotechnic energy supplied: in small chips if the bias is high, ie if the nominal load is initiated, and in big splinters if the solicitation is weak, ie if the secondary charge is initiated.
  • This can be achieved for example by using a structuring shell placed between the secondary explosive and the chip generator.
  • the ferrule is a cylinder of circular section and of curved generator, for example hyperboloid. The thickness of the cylinder is a priori constant.
  • the ferrule may be for example steel or titanium this which represents a weight gain for the pyrotechnic charge.
  • the large chips may be composed for example of preformed fragmentation projectiles, for example a set of parallelepipeds.
  • the large chips may be bonded together to provide some structural strength for example by gluing or inter-chip welding by means of an electron beam.
  • the small chips can be obtained for example or by controlled fragmentation: the small chips are from a precut accentuated large chips (for example to the electron beam or machining), or by "preformed fragmentation": small chips are parallelepipeds embedded in a matrix.
  • This matrix can be a polymer, a fusible metal, for example aluminum, or an explosive material for a dispersive effect of the chips, if the explosion takes place near the load, or amplifier of efficiency, if explosion takes place in contact with the target.
  • the detonation of the explosive architecture is just reflected by a swelling of the ferrule which speeds up the large chips that remain consistent.
  • the high stress generated has the effect of breaking all the links between the small chips.
  • the influence of the damping material on the dynamics of large chips is negligible, even favorable: it has an attenuation and homogenization effect.
  • the energy loss due to this influence can be offset, if necessary, by a small increase in the explosive mass of explosive architecture.
  • the shock absorber layer may according to the embodiment of the present invention, and in particular depending on the choice of the chip generator material, be necessary to attenuate the intensity of the detonation shock wave of the secondary explosive and thus allow the generation of flakes integrity. This is the case, for example, for a tungsten chip generator obtained by sintering.
  • the chip generator can also ensure the structuring of the pyrotechnic charge with respect to the external mechanical stresses.
  • the envelope serves to protect in its cycle of use the load of the present invention external attacks such as mechanical aggression, thermal, dust, moisture, etc., during its operational life.
  • external attacks such as mechanical aggression, thermal, dust, moisture, etc.
  • the splitter chisels can be placed on either side of the chip generator. They can also be placed between the protective envelope and the chip generator, or between the secondary charge and the chip generator. The position on either side of the splinter generator makes it possible to avoid crossing the cords.
  • the control means may for example comprise a charge control box and a switch.
  • the control unit performs the function of transmitting the firing order from the client, for example an electrical command, to the means, also called system, of initiation.
  • the priming system comprises the first priming means, or primary priming means for the initiation of the nominal load, consisting of a pyrotechnic cord, also called main cord, and an amplifier.
  • the priming system further comprises the second priming means for priming the secondary explosive, as well as a triggering network for the detonating fuses of the generator chips, and a detonation switch placed between the control box and the amplifier.
  • the switch can operate as a switch. It can, depending on the order received from the client, for example the control box, to cut or not the boot line of the nominal explosive.
  • the switch can be integrated into the control box. It does not call into question the safety because in case of untimely operation it does not detonate the charges.
  • the second priming means may comprise, for example, a network of detonating cords for priming said pellets.
  • the initiation of this network of detonating cords can be obtained by adding a derivation from the main cord.
  • the initiation of the cutting line may be obtained by adding a bypass between the control box and the aforementioned bypass for the secondary ignition.
  • the inventors have therefore provided a pyrotechnic charge comprising two types of operation to attack choice and effectively multiple types of targets.
  • the device of the present invention can generate either small fast bursts, effective against a slowly evolving threat, or large slow bursts effective against a rapidly evolving threat.
  • the combination of the two operations in a single load allows a gain in mass and volume in the load carrier, and consequently a gain in efficiency and overall costs: reduction of the number of carriers, simplification of the maintenance and operational implementation etc.
  • Example 1 Pyrotechnic charge according to the present invention with a cutting line of the chip generator.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of one embodiment of the pyrotechnic charge according to FIG. the present invention comprising a cutting line of the chip generator.
  • the pyrotechnic charge (1) comprises a nominal explosive charge (3) surrounded by a detonating secondary explosive charge (5) surrounded by a chip generator (7) surrounded by a protective envelope (9), said pyrotechnic charge further comprising a first priming means (11,13) and a second priming means (15), the first and second priming means being independently controllable from control means (17,19), for optionally transmitting a pyrotechnic order respectively to the nominal explosive charge (3) or the secondary explosive charge (5), so that the detonation of the secondary explosive charge does not cause the initiation of the nominal explosive charge.
  • the pyrotechnic charge further comprises two cutting cords (21) of the chip generator placed between the secondary explosive charge (5) and the chip generator (7), and a third initiation means (not shown).
  • the third priming means is controlled independently from the control means (17, 19) for transmitting a pyrotechnic order to the cutting cords (21), so that the detonation of the cutting line does not damage the explosive charge. secondary and does not cause the initiation of the nominal explosive charge.
  • the load is equipped with means of initiation and control, at a height of 0.490 m for an outside radius of 0.0705 m.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Pyrotechnische Ladung (1) mit Doppelfunktion, mit einer Nominalexplosionsladung (3), umgeben von einer Sekundärexplosions-Detonationsladung (5), umgeben von einem Splittererzeuger (7), umgeben von einer Schutzhülle,
    wobei die genannte pyrotechnische Ladung außerdem eine erste Zündeinrichtung (11, 13) und eine zweite Zündeinrichtung (15) umfasst und die erste und die zweite Zündeinrichtung durch Steuereinrichtungen (17, 19) unabhängig voneinander gesteuert werden können, um einen pyrotechnischen Befehl wahlweise entweder zu der Nominalexplosionsladung (3) oder zu der Sekundärexplosionsladung (5) zu übertragen,
    wobei die Detonation der Sekundärexplosionsladung (5) keine Zündung der Nominalexplosionsladung (3) verursacht,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Splittererzeuger in der Sekundäroxplosionsladung (5), die einen Sekundärexplosionsstoff in Form von Tabletten oder Bändern bzw. Streifen umfasst, verteilt in einem wellendämpfenden inerten Material, jeweils entsprechend der gewählten pyrotechnischen Reihenfolge kleine Splitter oder große Splitter erzeugt, und in der der Splittererzeuger ein doppeltes Gitter zur kontrollierten Fragmentierung umfasst.
  2. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1, wenigstens zwei Trennschnüre des Splittererzeugers, die sich zwischen der Sekundärexplosionsladung und dem Splittererzeuger und/oder zwischen der Schutzhülle und dem Splittererzeuger befinden, und eine dritte Zündeinrichtung umfassend,
    wobei die dritte Zündeinrichtung von den Steuereinrichtungen aus unabhängig gesteuert werden kann, um einen pyrotechnischen Befehl an die Trennschnur zu senden,
    und die Detonation der Trennschnur die Sekundärexplosionsladung nicht beschädigt und nicht die Zündung der Nominalexplosionsladung verursacht.
  3. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die Steuereinrichtungen ein Ladungssteuergehäuse und einen Schalter umfassen.
  4. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, die außerdem einen Zündverstärker umfasst, verbunden mit der Nominalexplosionsladung.
  5. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1, bei der das inerte Material ein Schaum wie etwa ein poröser Kunststoff oder eine wabenförmige alveolare Metall- oder Verbundstruktur ist.
  6. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 5, bei der das inerte Material eine von ungefähr 0.2 bis 0.3 gehende Dichte hat.
  7. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1, bei der das inerte Material im Wesentlichen die Nichtzündung der Nominalexplosionstadung durch die Detonation der Sekundärexplosionsladung sicherstellt.
  8. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1, die außerdem einen zwischen dem Sekundärexpiosionsstoff und dem Splittererzeuger vorgesehenen strukturierenden Ring bzw. Mantel umfasst.
  9. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der der Splittererzeuger ein Verbundsystem aus vorgeformten Fragmentierungsprojektilen ist.
  10. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1, bei der der Splittererzeuger aus Tantal ist.
  11. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der der Splittererzeuger die Strukturierung der pyrotechnischen Ladung bewirkt.
  12. Pyrotechnische Ladung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die Außenhülle durch einen isolierenden Verbundwerkstoff gebildet wird.
EP01921435A 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Pyrotechnische ladung mit doppelfunktion Expired - Lifetime EP1269105B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0004044 2000-03-30
FR0004044A FR2807156B1 (fr) 2000-03-30 2000-03-30 Charge pyrotechnique a fonctionnement dual
PCT/FR2001/000944 WO2001075390A1 (fr) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Charge pyrotechnique a fonctionnement dual

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1269105A1 EP1269105A1 (de) 2003-01-02
EP1269105B1 true EP1269105B1 (de) 2006-11-29

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EP01921435A Expired - Lifetime EP1269105B1 (de) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Pyrotechnische ladung mit doppelfunktion

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EP (1) EP1269105B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60124882T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2807156B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2001075390A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2840402B1 (fr) 2002-05-31 2004-07-16 Giat Ind Sa Enveloppe generatrice d'eclats, charge explosive et munition mettant en oeuvre une telle enveloppe
DE102021002470B4 (de) 2021-05-10 2023-09-21 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mit beschränkter Haftung Skalierbares Wirksystem und Gefechtskopf

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2428232A1 (fr) * 1978-06-05 1980-01-04 Mulleman Michel Enveloppe de corps de bombe a fragmentation preparee
DE3016861C2 (de) * 1980-05-02 1984-07-12 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Gefechtskopf mit einer Hülle zur Splitterbildung
US4655139A (en) * 1984-09-28 1987-04-07 The Boeing Company Selectable deployment mode fragment warhead
FR2599134B1 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1988-08-26 Matra Tete militaire pour engin
FR2671549A1 (fr) 1991-01-16 1992-07-17 Commissariat Energie Atomique Composition explosive et procedes de preparation d'une poudre et d'une piece de cette composition.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60124882T2 (de) 2007-05-31
FR2807156A1 (fr) 2001-10-05
DE60124882D1 (de) 2007-01-11
WO2001075390A1 (fr) 2001-10-11
FR2807156B1 (fr) 2002-12-13
EP1269105A1 (de) 2003-01-02

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