EP1266263A1 - Panoramic image acquisition device - Google Patents

Panoramic image acquisition device

Info

Publication number
EP1266263A1
EP1266263A1 EP00964329A EP00964329A EP1266263A1 EP 1266263 A1 EP1266263 A1 EP 1266263A1 EP 00964329 A EP00964329 A EP 00964329A EP 00964329 A EP00964329 A EP 00964329A EP 1266263 A1 EP1266263 A1 EP 1266263A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
primary
reflecting means
image
image sensor
cone shape
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00964329A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sajan Gianchandani
Alexandre Leroy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGG Solution
Original Assignee
EGG Solution
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EGG Solution filed Critical EGG Solution
Publication of EP1266263A1 publication Critical patent/EP1266263A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
    • G03B13/32—Means for focusing
    • G03B13/34—Power focusing
    • G03B13/36—Autofocus systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
    • G01C3/02—Details
    • G01C3/06—Use of electric means to obtain final indication
    • G01C3/08—Use of electric radiation detectors
    • G01C3/085—Use of electric radiation detectors with electronic parallax measurement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B37/00—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe
    • G03B37/06—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe involving anamorphosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of acquisition of panoramic images in order to allow viewing of an environment over 360 °.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a panoramic image acquisition device, of the type comprising at least one reflecting means provided with an at least partially reflecting external surface, in order to allow said image to be reflected towards a sensor device.
  • camera or camera type image
  • a panoramic image is a two-dimensional image which makes it possible to visualize the environment located in a complete perimeter around a precise point with a three-dimensional effect. This kind of image is very useful to visualize a landscape of a particular point, or to visualize the interior space of a room.
  • the device When the image is acquired using a camera, the device also makes it possible to carry out video surveillance.
  • panoramic image acquisition devices and in particular the international patent application WO-A-99/30197 which relates to an omnidirectional device used to capture the image of a scene from a point of view. unique.
  • This device comprises a substantially parabolic reflector means placed so as to reflect orthographically the main rays of electromagnetic radiation emitted by said scene. said reflecting means has a focal point which coincides with said unique view of said omnidirectional device, including said substantially parabolic reflecting means.
  • This device also comprises one or more image sensors placed so as to receive said main rays of electromagnetic radiation reflected orthographically from said parabolic reflector, which makes it possible to capture the image of said scene.
  • the major drawback of this device resides in the fact that: part of the field of vision of the paraboloid shape is obscured by the image sensor device; - the reflector means "sees" a part of the image sensor device, which will necessarily appear on the final image and therefore will have an impact on the quality and realism of the view;
  • the present invention intends to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a panoramic image acquisition device which makes it possible: to obscure the image sensor apparatus; - acquire an image centered on the horizontal very close to human vision; include the device in a protective box obscured on the acquired image; acquire an image making it possible to view the entire environment using a device comprising a complete field of vision; and allow for image overlays.
  • the present invention is of the type described above and it is remarkable, in its broadest sense, in that it proposes to offset the starting point of the viewing angle, from the proximal end from the reflecting means towards its distal end, by producing the surface of said conical and concave primary reflecting means.
  • a cone is a regulated surface whose generator passes through a fixed point, the vertex.
  • a concave cone is a cone whose generator has a curvature in the direction of the axis of the cone.
  • said primary conical surface is generated by a substantially parabolic generator or by a generator substantially in an arc of a circle or even by a substantially elliptical generator.
  • the image obtained, whether taken with a camera or a camera, is a two-dimensional anamorphic image which allows a complete 360 ° panorama to be recreated with a three-dimensional effect. Thanks to the device according to the invention, the average field of vision is closer to the horizontal and makes it possible to obtain images very close to natural human vision.
  • said reflecting means has a cone shape which includes a base having a return, in order to allow an overlap of the field of vision located behind the image sensor apparatus.
  • Said reflector means can, moreover, have a cone shape which has a truncated top, in order to allow positioning of a fixing element at the level of said top.
  • said reflecting means is primary and has a cone shape which has a hollowed top and the image acquisition device comprises at least one deflection surface, at least partially reflecting, making it possible to return the image to the image sensor device, for example through the hollowed-out vertex.
  • This version also has a variant in which the image acquisition device comprises a secondary reflecting means provided with an external secondary surface, having a cone shape, at the less partially reflecting and concave, coaxial with the primary reflecting means.
  • said secondary reflecting means having a cone shape whose secondary apex is truncated and possibly hollowed out to allow the image to pass.
  • the device according to the invention does not reflect the image sensor device and it makes it possible to obtain a total field of vision.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain maximum image quality in the area of the environment which contains the most information, that is to say in the area close to the horizontal.
  • the device according to the invention also makes it possible to place the reflective surface or surfaces in a protection device situated outside the field of vision of the image acquisition device. Thanks to the relevance of the field of vision offered with the device according to the invention, it is possible to use it for very specific applications, such as for example the qualitative and quantitative measurement of certain waves in spectral measuring devices, especially for the analysis of the composition of materials.
  • the present invention also relates to an image sensor device provided with an image acquisition device according to the invention, to a method of constructing a digital image by acquiring a panoramic anamorphic image at using an image acquisition device according to the invention, as well as a digital image obtained by the implementation of the image acquisition device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device for acquiring image of the prior art
  • Figure 2 illustrates the field of vision of the device of Figure 1
  • Figures 3 and 4 respectively illustrate a front view and a bottom view of the primary reflecting means of the device according to the invention
  • Figure 5 illustrates the field of vision of the device of Figures 3 and 4
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the field of vision of the device according to the invention when the primary reflecting means comprises a base having a return
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a sectional view of a fixing box for the device according to the invention on an optical system of an image sensor apparatus
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device for acquiring image of the prior art
  • Figure 2 illustrates the field of vision of the device of Figure 1
  • Figures 3 and 4 respectively illustrate a front view and a bottom view of the primary reflecting means of the device according to the invention
  • Figure 5 illustrates the field of vision of the device of Figures 3 and 4
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the field of vision of the device according to the invention when the primary reflecting means comprises a
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a version of the invention with medium primary reflector and medium secondary reflector arranged back to back
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a version of the invention with primary reflector means and secondary reflector arranged face to face
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a version of the invention with primary reflector means and secondary reflector arranged back to back with the image sensor apparatus positioned between them
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a version of the invention with primary reflector means and secondary reflector arranged face to face with the image sensor apparatus positioned between them
  • - Figure 12 illustrates the principle of determining the main parameters of the basic version of the device according to the invention.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a panoramic image acquisition device of the prior art comprising a primary reflector means (2) provided with a primary surface (3), external, reflecting, in order to allow the reflection of said image towards an image sensor device (4) of the camera or camera type.
  • the primary reflector means (2) is positioned in the optical axis of the image sensor device (4) and its optical system (4 ').
  • the primary surface (3) is convex and has a parabolic or semi-circular shape. Part of the field of vision (5) of the paraboloid shape is obscured by the optical system (4 ') of the image sensor apparatus (4).
  • the primary reflector means (2) "sees” a part of the image sensor device (4) and of the optical system (4 '), which will necessarily appear on the final image and therefore will have an impact on the quality and the realism of sight.
  • the device according to the invention is a device (1) for acquiring a panoramic image, of the type comprising at least one primary reflector means (2) provided with a primary surface (3), external , at least partially reflecting, in order to allow the said image to be reflected towards at least one image sensor device (4) of the camera or camera type.
  • the primary surface (3) preferably constitutes a mirror reflecting all the waves, but it may possibly include a filter in order to oppose the reflection of certain waves.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) consists of a conical, concave primary surface (3), that is to say curved towards the central axis.
  • said conical surface is generated by a substantially parabolic generator or by a generator substantially in a circular arc or by a generator substantially elliptical, depending on the characteristics of the image sought.
  • the bottom view section is therefore a circle or an ellipse.
  • the primary surface (3) can be a conical surface in an arc of a circle having a radius R of approximately 60 millimeters, for an angle P of approximately 56.5 ° and the external diameter I can be approximately 120 millimeters.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the field of vision (5) of a fictitious observer 0 using the device according to the invention.
  • the starting point of the angle of vision of the proximal end of the reflecting means is offset towards its distal end.
  • the primary surface (3) does not reflect the observer 0, nor an image sensor device positioned in its place.
  • the optical system of the image sensor device is then outside the field of vision (5) and the primary surface (3) can be placed in a protective device also located outside the field of vision (5).
  • said primary reflecting means (2) has a cone shape which includes a base (9) having a return (10), as illustrated in FIG. 6, in order to allow the field of vision V located to be covered. behind the image sensor device (4).
  • Said primary reflector means (2) can have a cone shape the top (6) of which is truncated and the device (1) can comprise a fixing element positioned at least at the level of said top (6), in order to allow it to be fixed to the image sensor device (4).
  • This fixing element may consist, for example, of a rod positioned in the axis A of the optical system of the device (1) and fixed against the top (6).
  • This fixing element can also consist, for example, of a housing (7) comprising a screw pitch intended to come to cooperate with the screw pitch usually formed at the end of the optical system (4 ') of the device. image sensor (4), this housing also being fixed against the top (6), as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • said primary reflector means (2) is positioned in the axis of the optical system of the image sensor device (4), either vertically, horizontally, or possibly inclined.
  • the image acquisition device (1) comprises at least one deflection surface (11, 21), at least partially reflecting, coaxial with the primary reflecting means (2), in order to allow to reverse the position of the image sensor device (4) on the optical axis A.
  • the device (1) comprises a secondary reflecting means (12) provided with a surface secondary (13), external, having an at least partially reflecting and concave cone shape, substantially coaxial with the primary reflecting means (2) and whose secondary apex (16) is truncated and hollowed out.
  • - Said primary reflecting means (2) and said secondary reflecting means (12) may be identical and may be positioned symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the optical axis A of the device (1).
  • the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflector means can be positioned face to face, that is to say, base (9) against base (19), as illustrated in FIG. 8.
  • the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflector means can be positioned back to back, that is to say, primary surface (3) facing secondary surface (13), as illustrated in FIG. 9. Said return surface (11) is then flat, even possibly concave and the top (16) of the secondary reflecting means (12) preferably comprises an at least partially transparent surface (25).
  • the image sensor device (4) is positioned in the optical axis A of the device (1), but it can also be imagined to position the image sensor device (4) between the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means, substantially perpendicular to the optical axis A of the device (1).
  • FIG. 10 illustrates, for example, a version of the invention in which the reflecting means primary (2) and secondary (12) are positioned back to back and the image sensor device (4) is placed between them.
  • the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means each then each have a reference surface (11, 21) of order 1, coaxial respectively with the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means, as well as a order 2 deflection surface (22, 32), inclined with respect to the optical axis A, in order to return the images which have passed through the respective vertices (6, 16) to the image pickup device (4).
  • the return surfaces (11, 21) of order 1 and the return surfaces (22, 32) of order 2 are not necessarily planar, they can present a calculated deformation.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates, for its part, a version of the invention in which the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means are positioned face to face and the image sensor apparatus (4) is placed between them.
  • the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means each then each have a deflection surface (11, 21), inclined relative to the optical axis A, in order to send the images back to the image sensor device ( 4).
  • the return surfaces (11, 21) are not necessarily flat, they can have a calculated deformation.
  • Said or said reflecting means (2, 12) is or are preferably arranged in a housing protection (7, 17) having at least one window (8, 18) at least partially transparent over at least the entire height respectively of said conical, concave surface (3, 13).
  • Said protective casing (7, 17) further comprises means for allowing its attachment to the image sensor apparatus (4) in a hermetic manner to light.
  • These fixing means consist for example of a thread.
  • the return surfaces (11, 21) of order 1 are positioned at the bottom of the housings (7, 17) and the return surfaces (22, 32) of order 2 are positioned in another housing (23) integral with the housings (7, 17) and which can be secured with the image sensor device (4).
  • the return surfaces (11, 21) are positioned in a housing (23) integral with the housings (7, 17) and which can be secured with the image sensor device (4).
  • the fields of vision (5, 15) of the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means respectively are not identical according to the versions.
  • the choice between the different versions is therefore made according to the desired fields of vision.
  • the present invention also relates to an image sensor apparatus (4) provided with a device (1), to a method of constructing a digital image by acquisition of a panoramic anamorphic image using a device (1) and by digital processing of said image, as well as a digital image obtained by the implementation of the device (1).
  • - D is the distance between the objective of the image sensor device (4) and the top of the primary reflector means (2); - T is the angle of view on the primary reflector means (2) from the objective of the image sensor (4);
  • - P is the angle describing the arc of circle in which the curvature of the primary surface (3) is inscribed;
  • - R is the radius of the circle characterizing the arc of a circle
  • - G is the tangent to the circle;
  • - Pmax is the value of the angle P for the complete arc of a circle;
  • - B is the value of the angle for which the image sensor device (4) sees the highest.
  • the distance D is determined as a function of the focal length of the objective, while knowing that this focal length represents an angle (for example 38mm in 4/3 is equivalent to an angle of 38 degrees on the horizontal plane).
  • h R (l - Sin (Pi / 2 - Pmax))
  • the device (1) thus determined makes it possible to acquire panoramic images.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention concerns a device (1) for acquiring panoramic image, comprising at least reflecting means (2) provided with an outer surface (3), at least partly reflecting, so as to reflect said image towards an imaging sensor (4) such as a camera. The invention is characterised in that said reflecting means (2) consists of a concave conical surface (3). The invention also concerns an imaging sensor (4), and a method for constructing a digital image and a digital image.

Description

DISPOSITIF D'ACQUISITION D'IMAGE PANORAMIQUE PANORAMIC IMAGE ACQUISITION DEVICE
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'acquisition d'images panoramiques afin de permettre de visualiser un environnement sur 360°.The present invention relates to the field of acquisition of panoramic images in order to allow viewing of an environment over 360 °.
La présente invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à un dispositif d'acquisition d'image panoramique, du type comportant au moins un moyen réflecteur muni d'une surface extérieure au moins partiellement réfléchissante, afin de permettre de réfléchir ladite image vers un appareil capteur d'image du type appareil photo ou caméra.The present invention relates more particularly to a panoramic image acquisition device, of the type comprising at least one reflecting means provided with an at least partially reflecting external surface, in order to allow said image to be reflected towards a sensor device. camera or camera type image.
Une image panoramique est une image en deux dimensions qui permet de visualiser l'environnement situé dans un périmètre complet autour d'un point précis avec un effet en trois dimensions. Ce genre d'image est très utile pour visualiser un paysage d'un point particulier, ou pour visualiser l'espace intérieur d'une pièce. Lorsque l'image est acquise à l'aide d'une caméra, le dispositif permet également de réaliser des vidéos surveillances.A panoramic image is a two-dimensional image which makes it possible to visualize the environment located in a complete perimeter around a precise point with a three-dimensional effect. This kind of image is very useful to visualize a landscape of a particular point, or to visualize the interior space of a room. When the image is acquired using a camera, the device also makes it possible to carry out video surveillance.
L'art antérieur connaît déjà des dispositifs d'acquisition d'image panoramique et notamment la demande de brevet internationale WO-A-99/30197 qui porte sur un dispositif omnidirectionnel servant à capter l'image d'une scène depuis un point de vue unique. Ce dispositif comprend un moyen réflecteur sensiblement parabolique placé de façon à réfléchir orthographiquement des rayons principaux de rayonnement électromagnétique émis par ladite scène. Ledit moyen réflecteur possède un point focal qui coïncide avec ledit point de vue unique dudit dispositif omnidirectionnel , y compris ledit moyen réflecteur sensiblement parabolique. Ce dispositif comporte également un ou plusieurs capteurs d'image placés de manière à recevoir lesdits rayons principaux du rayonnement électromagnétique réfléchis orthographiquement depuis ledit réflecteur parabolique, ce qui permet de capter l'image de ladite scène.The prior art already knows panoramic image acquisition devices and in particular the international patent application WO-A-99/30197 which relates to an omnidirectional device used to capture the image of a scene from a point of view. unique. This device comprises a substantially parabolic reflector means placed so as to reflect orthographically the main rays of electromagnetic radiation emitted by said scene. said reflecting means has a focal point which coincides with said unique view of said omnidirectional device, including said substantially parabolic reflecting means. This device also comprises one or more image sensors placed so as to receive said main rays of electromagnetic radiation reflected orthographically from said parabolic reflector, which makes it possible to capture the image of said scene.
L'inconvénient majeur de ce dispositif réside dans le fait que : une partie du champ de vision de la forme paraboloïde est occultée par l'appareil capteur d'image ; - le moyen réflecteur "voit" une partie de l'appareil capteur d'image, ce qui apparaîtra obligatoirement sur l'image finale et donc aura un impact sur la qualité et le réalisme de la vue ;The major drawback of this device resides in the fact that: part of the field of vision of the paraboloid shape is obscured by the image sensor device; - the reflector means "sees" a part of the image sensor device, which will necessarily appear on the final image and therefore will have an impact on the quality and realism of the view;
- le champ de vision est essentiellement centré vers le bas, alors que la vision humaine est essentiellement centré sur l'horizontale ; il est difficile de protéger la surface réfléchissante contre les coups et les rayures sans cacher tout ou partie de son champ de vision ; La seule solution étant d'opter pour un matériau de fabrication très dur et donc très cher ; le dispositif ne permet pas de visualiser la totalité de l'environnement car le champ de vision n'est que très partiel . La présente invention entend remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur en proposant un dispositif d'acquisition d'image panoramique qui permette : d'occulter l'appareil capteur d'image ; - d'acquérir une image recentrée sur l'horizontale très proche de la vision humaine ; d'inclure le dispositif dans un boîtier de protection occulté sur l'image acquise ; d'acquérir une image permettant de visualiser la totalité de l'environnement à l'aide d'un dispositif comportant un champ de vision complet ; et de permettre de réaliser des recouvrements d' image .- the field of vision is essentially centered downwards, while human vision is essentially centered on the horizontal; it is difficult to protect the reflective surface from bumps and scratches without hiding all or part of its field of vision; The only solution being to opt for a very hard and therefore very expensive manufacturing material; the device does not allow the entire environment to be viewed because the field of vision is only very partial. The present invention intends to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a panoramic image acquisition device which makes it possible: to obscure the image sensor apparatus; - acquire an image centered on the horizontal very close to human vision; include the device in a protective box obscured on the acquired image; acquire an image making it possible to view the entire environment using a device comprising a complete field of vision; and allow for image overlays.
Pour ce faire, la présente invention est du type décrit ci-dessus et elle est remarquable, dans son acception la plus large, en ce qu'elle propose de déporter le point de départ de l'angle de vision, de l'extrémité proximale du moyen réflecteur vers son extrémité distaie, en réalisant la surface dudit moyen réflecteur primaire conique et concave.To do this, the present invention is of the type described above and it is remarkable, in its broadest sense, in that it proposes to offset the starting point of the viewing angle, from the proximal end from the reflecting means towards its distal end, by producing the surface of said conical and concave primary reflecting means.
Un cône est une surface réglée dont la génératrice passe par un point fixe, le sommet.A cone is a regulated surface whose generator passes through a fixed point, the vertex.
Un cône concave est un cône dont la génératrice présente une courbure en direction de l'axe du cône.A concave cone is a cone whose generator has a curvature in the direction of the axis of the cone.
Selon les variantes de l'invention, ladite surface conique primaire est engendrée par une génératrice sensiblement parabolique ou par une génératrice sensiblement en arc de cercle ou encore par une génératrice sensiblement elliptique. L'image obtenue, qu'elle soit prise avec un appareil photo ou une caméra, est une image d'anamorphose en deux dimensions qui permet de recréer un panorama complet sur 360 ° avec un effet en trois dimensions. Grâce au dispositif selon l'invention, le champ de vision moyen est plus proche de l'horizontale et permet d'obtenir des images très rapprochées de la vision humaine naturelle .According to the variants of the invention, said primary conical surface is generated by a substantially parabolic generator or by a generator substantially in an arc of a circle or even by a substantially elliptical generator. The image obtained, whether taken with a camera or a camera, is a two-dimensional anamorphic image which allows a complete 360 ° panorama to be recreated with a three-dimensional effect. Thanks to the device according to the invention, the average field of vision is closer to the horizontal and makes it possible to obtain images very close to natural human vision.
Dans une version de l'invention, ledit moyen réflecteur présente une forme de cône qui comporte une base présentant un retour, afin de permettre de réaliser un recouvrement du champ de vision situé derrière l'appareil capteur d' image .In one version of the invention, said reflecting means has a cone shape which includes a base having a return, in order to allow an overlap of the field of vision located behind the image sensor apparatus.
Ledit moyen réflecteur peut, de plus, présenter une forme de cône qui comporte un sommet tronqué, afin de permettre de positionner un élément de fixation au niveau dudit sommet. Dans une version préférée de l'invention, ledit moyen réflecteur est primaire et présente une forme de cône qui comporte un sommet évidé et le dispositif d'acquisition d'image comporte au moins une surface de renvoi, au moins partiellement réfléchissante, permettant de renvoyer l'image vers l'appareil capteur d'image, par exemple à travers le sommet évidé.Said reflector means can, moreover, have a cone shape which has a truncated top, in order to allow positioning of a fixing element at the level of said top. In a preferred version of the invention, said reflecting means is primary and has a cone shape which has a hollowed top and the image acquisition device comprises at least one deflection surface, at least partially reflecting, making it possible to return the image to the image sensor device, for example through the hollowed-out vertex.
Cette version présente en outre une variante dans laquelle, le dispositif d'acquisition d'image comporte un moyen réflecteur secondaire muni d'une surface secondaire, extérieure, présentant une forme de cône, au moins partiellement réfléchissante et concave, coaxial avec le moyen réflecteur primaire.This version also has a variant in which the image acquisition device comprises a secondary reflecting means provided with an external secondary surface, having a cone shape, at the less partially reflecting and concave, coaxial with the primary reflecting means.
De préférence, ledit moyen réflecteur secondaire présentant une forme de cône dont le sommet secondaire est tronqué et éventuellement évidé pour permettre le passage de l'image.Preferably, said secondary reflecting means having a cone shape whose secondary apex is truncated and possibly hollowed out to allow the image to pass.
Différentes versions peuvent ainsi être déclinées à partir de ces versions de bases en fonction des champs de vision souhaités, et plus précisément en fonction de l'orientation générale de l'image souhaitée.Different versions can thus be declined from these basic versions according to the desired fields of vision, and more precisely according to the general orientation of the desired image.
Avantageusement, le dispositif selon l'invention ne reflète pas l'appareil capteur d'image et il permet d'obtenir un champ de vision total.Advantageously, the device according to the invention does not reflect the image sensor device and it makes it possible to obtain a total field of vision.
Avantageusement, le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'obtenir une qualité d'image maximale dans la zone de l'environnement qui contient le plus d'information, c'est à dire dans la zone proche de l'horizontale.Advantageously, the device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain maximum image quality in the area of the environment which contains the most information, that is to say in the area close to the horizontal.
Le dispositif selon l'invention permet en outre de placer la ou les surfaces réfléchissantes dans un dispositif de protection situé en dehors du champ de vision de dispositif d'acquisition d'image. Grâce à la pertinence du champ de vision offert avec le dispositif selon l'invention, il est possible de l'utiliser pour des applications très spécifiques, comme par exemple pour la mesure qualitative et quantitative de certaines ondes dans des appareils de mesure de spectres, notamment pour l'analyse de la composition des matériaux. La présente invention se rapporte également à un appareil capteur d'image muni d'un dispositif d'acquisition d'image selon l'invention, à un procédé de construction d'une image numérique par acquisition d'une image d'anamorphose panoramique à l'aide d'un dispositif d'acquisition d'image selon l'invention, ainsi qu'à une image numérique obtenue par la mise en œuvre du dispositif d'acquisition d'image selon l'invention.The device according to the invention also makes it possible to place the reflective surface or surfaces in a protection device situated outside the field of vision of the image acquisition device. Thanks to the relevance of the field of vision offered with the device according to the invention, it is possible to use it for very specific applications, such as for example the qualitative and quantitative measurement of certain waves in spectral measuring devices, especially for the analysis of the composition of materials. The present invention also relates to an image sensor device provided with an image acquisition device according to the invention, to a method of constructing a digital image by acquiring a panoramic anamorphic image at using an image acquisition device according to the invention, as well as a digital image obtained by the implementation of the image acquisition device according to the invention.
On comprendra mieux l'invention à l'aide de la description, faite ci-après à titre purement explicatif, de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention, en référence aux figures annexées : - la figure 1 illustre un dispositif d'acquisition d'image de l'art antérieur ; la figure 2 illustre le champ de vision du dispositif de la figure 1 ; les figures 3 et 4 illustrent respectivement une vue de face et une vue de dessous du moyen réflecteur primaire du dispositif selon l'invention ; la figure 5 illustre le champ de vision du dispositif des figures 3 et 4 ; la figure 6 illustre le champ de vision du dispositif selon l'invention lorsque le moyen réflecteur primaire comporte une base présentant un retour ; la figure 7 illustre une vue en coupe d'un boîtier de fixation du dispositif selon l'invention sur un système optique d'un appareil capteur d'image ; la figure 8 illustre une version de l'invention à moyen réflecteur primaire et moyen réflecteur secondaire disposés dos à dos ; la figure 9 illustre une version de l'invention à moyen réflecteur primaire et moyen réflecteur secondaire disposés face à face ; la figure 10 illustre une version de l'invention à moyen réflecteur primaire et moyen réflecteur secondaire disposés dos à dos avec l'appareil capteur d'image positionné entre eux ; la figure 11 illustre une version de l'invention à moyen réflecteur primaire et moyen réflecteur secondaire disposés face à face avec l'appareil capteur d'image positionné entre eux ; et - la figure 12 illustre le principe de détermination des principaux paramètres de la version de base du dispositif selon l'invention.The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description, given below for purely explanatory purposes, of several embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended figures: - Figure 1 illustrates a device for acquiring image of the prior art; Figure 2 illustrates the field of vision of the device of Figure 1; Figures 3 and 4 respectively illustrate a front view and a bottom view of the primary reflecting means of the device according to the invention; Figure 5 illustrates the field of vision of the device of Figures 3 and 4; FIG. 6 illustrates the field of vision of the device according to the invention when the primary reflecting means comprises a base having a return; FIG. 7 illustrates a sectional view of a fixing box for the device according to the invention on an optical system of an image sensor apparatus; FIG. 8 illustrates a version of the invention with medium primary reflector and medium secondary reflector arranged back to back; FIG. 9 illustrates a version of the invention with primary reflector means and secondary reflector arranged face to face; FIG. 10 illustrates a version of the invention with primary reflector means and secondary reflector arranged back to back with the image sensor apparatus positioned between them; FIG. 11 illustrates a version of the invention with primary reflector means and secondary reflector arranged face to face with the image sensor apparatus positioned between them; and - Figure 12 illustrates the principle of determining the main parameters of the basic version of the device according to the invention.
Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent un dispositif d'acquisition d'image panoramique de l'art antérieur comportant un moyen réflecteur primaire (2) munis d'une surface primaire (3), extérieure, réfléchissante, afin de permettre de réfléchir ladite image vers un appareil capteur d'image (4) du type appareil photo ou caméra. Le moyen réflecteur primaire (2) est positionné dans l'axe optique de l'appareil capteur d'image (4) et de son système optique (4') .Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a panoramic image acquisition device of the prior art comprising a primary reflector means (2) provided with a primary surface (3), external, reflecting, in order to allow the reflection of said image towards an image sensor device (4) of the camera or camera type. The primary reflector means (2) is positioned in the optical axis of the image sensor device (4) and its optical system (4 ').
La surface primaire (3) est convexe et présente une forme parabolique ou semi-circulaire. Une partie du champ de vision (5) de la forme paraboloïde est occultée par le système optique (4') de l'appareil capteur d'image (4) .The primary surface (3) is convex and has a parabolic or semi-circular shape. Part of the field of vision (5) of the paraboloid shape is obscured by the optical system (4 ') of the image sensor apparatus (4).
Le moyen réflecteur primaire (2) "voit" une partie de l'appareil capteur d'image (4) et du système optique (4'), ce qui apparaîtra obligatoirement sur l'image finale et donc aura un impact sur la qualité et le réalisme de la vue .The primary reflector means (2) "sees" a part of the image sensor device (4) and of the optical system (4 '), which will necessarily appear on the final image and therefore will have an impact on the quality and the realism of sight.
Le dispositif selon l'invention, illustré figures 3 et 4, est un dispositif (1) d'acquisition d'image panoramique, du type comportant au moins un moyen réflecteur primaire (2) muni d'une surface primaire (3), extérieure, au moins partiellement réfléchissante, afin de permettre de réfléchir ladite image vers au moins un appareil capteur d'image (4) du type appareil photo ou caméra.The device according to the invention, illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, is a device (1) for acquiring a panoramic image, of the type comprising at least one primary reflector means (2) provided with a primary surface (3), external , at least partially reflecting, in order to allow the said image to be reflected towards at least one image sensor device (4) of the camera or camera type.
La surface primaire (3) constitue de préférence un miroir renvoyant toutes les ondes, mais elle peut éventuellement comporter un filtre afin de s'opposer à la réflexion de certaines ondes.The primary surface (3) preferably constitutes a mirror reflecting all the waves, but it may possibly include a filter in order to oppose the reflection of certain waves.
Le dispositif selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) est constitué d'une surface primaire (3) conique, concave, c'est à dire incurvée vers l'axe central.The device according to the invention is characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) consists of a conical, concave primary surface (3), that is to say curved towards the central axis.
Selon les variantes de l'invention, ladite surface conique est engendrée par une génératrice sensiblement parabolique ou par une génératrice sensiblement en arc de cercle ou encore par une génératrice sensiblement elliptique, suivant les caractéristiques de 1 ' image recherchées .According to the variants of the invention, said conical surface is generated by a substantially parabolic generator or by a generator substantially in a circular arc or by a generator substantially elliptical, depending on the characteristics of the image sought.
La section vue du bas est donc un cercle ou une ellipse.The bottom view section is therefore a circle or an ellipse.
Par exemple, la surface primaire (3) peut être une surface conique en arc de cercle présentant un rayon R d'environ 60 millimètres, pour un angle P d'environ 56,5° et le diamètre extérieur I peut être d'environ 120 millimètres .For example, the primary surface (3) can be a conical surface in an arc of a circle having a radius R of approximately 60 millimeters, for an angle P of approximately 56.5 ° and the external diameter I can be approximately 120 millimeters.
La figure 5 illustre le champ de vision (5) d'un observateur fictif 0 grâce au dispositif selon 1 ' invention.FIG. 5 illustrates the field of vision (5) of a fictitious observer 0 using the device according to the invention.
Grâce à la surface primaire (3) conique et concave, le point de départ de l'angle de vision de l'extrémité proximale du moyen réflecteur est déporté vers son extrémité distale.Thanks to the conical and concave primary surface (3), the starting point of the angle of vision of the proximal end of the reflecting means is offset towards its distal end.
Ainsi, la surface primaire (3) ne reflète ni l'observateur 0, ni un appareil capteur d'image positionné à sa place. Le système optique de l'appareil capteur d'image est alors en dehors du champ de vision (5) et la surface primaire (3) peut être placée dans un dispositif de protection situé également hors du champ de vision (5) .Thus, the primary surface (3) does not reflect the observer 0, nor an image sensor device positioned in its place. The optical system of the image sensor device is then outside the field of vision (5) and the primary surface (3) can be placed in a protective device also located outside the field of vision (5).
Dans une version de l'invention, ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) présente une forme de cône qui comporte une base (9) présentant un retour (10), comme illustré figure 6, afin de permettre un recouvrement du champ de vision V situé en arrière de l'appareil capteur d ' image ( 4 ) . Ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) peut présenter une forme de cône dont le sommet (6) est tronqué et le dispositif (1) peut comporter un élément de fixation positionné au moins au niveau dudit sommet (6), afin de permettre de le fixer à l'appareil capteur d'image (4) .In a version of the invention, said primary reflecting means (2) has a cone shape which includes a base (9) having a return (10), as illustrated in FIG. 6, in order to allow the field of vision V located to be covered. behind the image sensor device (4). Said primary reflector means (2) can have a cone shape the top (6) of which is truncated and the device (1) can comprise a fixing element positioned at least at the level of said top (6), in order to allow it to be fixed to the image sensor device (4).
Cet élément de fixation peut être constitué, par exemple, d'une tige positionnée dans l'axe A du système optique du dispositif (1) et fixée contre le sommet (6) . Cet élément de fixation peut également être constitué, par exemple, d'un boîtier (7) comportant un pas de vis destiné à venir coopérer avec le pas de vis habituellement ménagé à l'extrémité du système optique (4') de l'appareil capteur d'image (4), ce boîtier étant également fixé contre le sommet (6), comme illustré figure 7.This fixing element may consist, for example, of a rod positioned in the axis A of the optical system of the device (1) and fixed against the top (6). This fixing element can also consist, for example, of a housing (7) comprising a screw pitch intended to come to cooperate with the screw pitch usually formed at the end of the optical system (4 ') of the device. image sensor (4), this housing also being fixed against the top (6), as illustrated in FIG. 7.
Dans cette version de base, ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) est positionné dans l'axe du système optique de l'appareil capteur d'image (4), soit verticalement, soit horizontalement, soit éventuellement incliné .In this basic version, said primary reflector means (2) is positioned in the axis of the optical system of the image sensor device (4), either vertically, horizontally, or possibly inclined.
Dans une version préférée de l'invention, le dispositif (1) d'acquisition d'image comporte au moins une surface de renvoi (11, 21) , au moins partiellement réfléchissante, coaxiale avec le moyen réflecteur primaire (2), afin de permettre d'inverser la position de l'appareil capteur d'image (4) sur l'axe optique A.In a preferred version of the invention, the image acquisition device (1) comprises at least one deflection surface (11, 21), at least partially reflecting, coaxial with the primary reflecting means (2), in order to allow to reverse the position of the image sensor device (4) on the optical axis A.
Dans cette version, le dispositif (1) comporte un moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) muni d'une surface secondaire (13), extérieure, présentant une forme de cône au moins partiellement réfléchissante et concave, sensiblement coaxiale avec le moyen réflecteur primaire (2) et dont le sommet secondaire (16) est tronqué et évidé. - Ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) et ledit moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) peuvent être identiques et peuvent être positionnés symétriquement par rapport à un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe optique A du dispositif (1).In this version, the device (1) comprises a secondary reflecting means (12) provided with a surface secondary (13), external, having an at least partially reflecting and concave cone shape, substantially coaxial with the primary reflecting means (2) and whose secondary apex (16) is truncated and hollowed out. - Said primary reflecting means (2) and said secondary reflecting means (12) may be identical and may be positioned symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the optical axis A of the device (1).
Les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12) peuvent être positionnés face à face, c'est à dire, base (9) contre base (19), comme illustré figure 8.The primary (2) and secondary (12) reflector means can be positioned face to face, that is to say, base (9) against base (19), as illustrated in FIG. 8.
Les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12) peuvent être positionnés dos à dos, c'est à dire, surface primaire (3) face à surface secondaire (13), comme illustré figure 9. Ladite surface de renvoi (11) est alors plane, voire éventuellement concave et le sommet (16) du moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) comporte de préférence une surface au moins partiellement transparente (25) .The primary (2) and secondary (12) reflector means can be positioned back to back, that is to say, primary surface (3) facing secondary surface (13), as illustrated in FIG. 9. Said return surface (11) is then flat, even possibly concave and the top (16) of the secondary reflecting means (12) preferably comprises an at least partially transparent surface (25).
Dans ces deux précédentes versions, l'appareil capteur d'image (4) est positionné dans l'axe optique A du dispositif (1), mais il peut également être imaginé de positionner l'appareil capteur d'image (4) entre les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12), sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe optique A du dispositif (1) .In these two previous versions, the image sensor device (4) is positioned in the optical axis A of the device (1), but it can also be imagined to position the image sensor device (4) between the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means, substantially perpendicular to the optical axis A of the device (1).
La figure 10 illustre, par exemple, une version de l'invention dans laquelle les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12) sont positionnés dos à dos et l'appareil capteur d'image (4) est placé entre eux.FIG. 10 illustrates, for example, a version of the invention in which the reflecting means primary (2) and secondary (12) are positioned back to back and the image sensor device (4) is placed between them.
Les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12) comportent alors chacun respectivement une surface de renvoi (11, 21) d'ordre 1, coaxiale respectivement avec les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12), ainsi qu'une surface de renvoi (22, 32) d'ordre 2, inclinée par rapport à l'axe optique A, afin de renvoyer les images qui sont passées à travers les sommets respectifs (6,, 16) vers l'appareil capteur d'image (4).The primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means each then each have a reference surface (11, 21) of order 1, coaxial respectively with the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means, as well as a order 2 deflection surface (22, 32), inclined with respect to the optical axis A, in order to return the images which have passed through the respective vertices (6, 16) to the image pickup device (4).
Les surfaces de renvoi (11, 21) d'ordre 1 et les surfaces de renvoi (22, 32) d'ordre 2 ne sont pas forcément planes, elles peuvent présenter une déformation calculée .The return surfaces (11, 21) of order 1 and the return surfaces (22, 32) of order 2 are not necessarily planar, they can present a calculated deformation.
La figure 11 illustre, quant à elle, une version de l'invention dans laquelle les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12) sont positionnés face à face et l'appareil capteur d'image (4) est placé entre eux. Les moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12) comportent alors chacun respectivement une surface de renvoi (11, 21) , inclinée par rapport à l'axe optique A, afin de renvoyer les images vers l'appareil capteur d'image (4). Les surfaces de renvoi (11, 21) ne sont pas forcément planes, elles peuvent présenter une déformation calculée .FIG. 11 illustrates, for its part, a version of the invention in which the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means are positioned face to face and the image sensor apparatus (4) is placed between them. The primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means each then each have a deflection surface (11, 21), inclined relative to the optical axis A, in order to send the images back to the image sensor device ( 4). The return surfaces (11, 21) are not necessarily flat, they can have a calculated deformation.
Ledit ou lesdits moyens réflecteurs (2, 12) est ou sont, de préférence, disposé (s) dans un boîtier de protection (7, 17) présentant au moins une fenêtre (8, 18) au moins partiellement transparente sur au moins toute la hauteur respectivement de ladite surface (3, 13) conique, concave . Ledit boîtier de protection (7, 17) comporte en outre des moyens pour permettre sa fixation à l'appareil capteur d'image (4) d'une manière hermétique à la lumière. Ces moyens de fixation sont par exemple constitués d'un pas de vis. Dans la version illustrée figure 10, les surfaces de renvoi (11, 21) d'ordre 1 sont positionnées au fond des boîtiers (7, 17) et les surfaces de renvoi (22, 32) d'ordre 2 sont positionnées dans un autre boîtier (23) solidaire des boîtiers (7, 17) et qui peut être solidarisé avec l'appareil capteur d'image (4) .Said or said reflecting means (2, 12) is or are preferably arranged in a housing protection (7, 17) having at least one window (8, 18) at least partially transparent over at least the entire height respectively of said conical, concave surface (3, 13). Said protective casing (7, 17) further comprises means for allowing its attachment to the image sensor apparatus (4) in a hermetic manner to light. These fixing means consist for example of a thread. In the version illustrated in FIG. 10, the return surfaces (11, 21) of order 1 are positioned at the bottom of the housings (7, 17) and the return surfaces (22, 32) of order 2 are positioned in another housing (23) integral with the housings (7, 17) and which can be secured with the image sensor device (4).
Dans la version illustrée figure 11, les surfaces de renvoi (11, 21) sont positionnées dans un boîtier (23) solidaire des boîtiers (7, 17) et qui peut être solidarisé avec l'appareil capteur d'image (4).In the version illustrated in Figure 11, the return surfaces (11, 21) are positioned in a housing (23) integral with the housings (7, 17) and which can be secured with the image sensor device (4).
Comme on peut le constater, les champs de vision (5, 15) respectivement des moyens réflecteurs primaire (2) et secondaire (12) ne sont pas identiques selon les versions. Le choix entre les différentes versions s'effectue donc en fonction des champs de vision souhaités.As can be seen, the fields of vision (5, 15) of the primary (2) and secondary (12) reflecting means respectively are not identical according to the versions. The choice between the different versions is therefore made according to the desired fields of vision.
La présente invention se rapporte également à un appareil capteur d'image (4) muni d'un dispositif (1), à un procédé de construction d'une image numérique par acquisition d'une image d'anamorphose panoramique à l'aide d'un dispositif (1) et par traitement numérique de ladite image, ainsi qu'à une image numérique obtenue par la mise en œuvre du dispositif (1) .The present invention also relates to an image sensor apparatus (4) provided with a device (1), to a method of constructing a digital image by acquisition of a panoramic anamorphic image using a device (1) and by digital processing of said image, as well as a digital image obtained by the implementation of the device (1).
Pour une meilleure compréhension de l'invention, un exemple de détermination mathématique des dimensions de la version de base du dispositif (1) est donné ci-après :For a better understanding of the invention, an example of mathematical determination of the dimensions of the basic version of the device (1) is given below:
Pour simplifier la détermination mathématique des dimensions de la surface (3) conique, nous allons prendre le cas où la courbure de cette forme conique concave est un arc de cercle. Les dimensions du système vont dépendre de plusieurs variables énumérée en référence à la figure 12 :To simplify the mathematical determination of the dimensions of the conical surface (3), we will take the case where the curvature of this concave conical shape is an arc of a circle. The dimensions of the system will depend on several variables listed with reference to Figure 12:
- D est la distance entre l'objectif de l'appareil capteur d'image (4) et le haut du moyen réflecteur primaire (2) ; - T est l'angle de vue sur le moyen réflecteur primaire (2) à partir de l'objectif du capteur d ' image (4 ) ;- D is the distance between the objective of the image sensor device (4) and the top of the primary reflector means (2); - T is the angle of view on the primary reflector means (2) from the objective of the image sensor (4);
- P est l'angle décrivant l'arc de cercle dans lequel s'inscrit la courbure de la surface primaire (3) ;- P is the angle describing the arc of circle in which the curvature of the primary surface (3) is inscribed;
- R est le rayon du cercle caractérisant l'arc de cercle ;- R is the radius of the circle characterizing the arc of a circle;
- E est l'angle de réflexion de l'image ;- E is the angle of reflection of the image;
- G est la tangente au cercle ; - Pmax est la valeur de l'angle P pour l'arc de cercle complet ;- G is the tangent to the circle; - Pmax is the value of the angle P for the complete arc of a circle;
- Tmin est la valeur de l'angle T pour P = Pmax ;- Tmin is the value of the angle T for P = Pmax;
- B est la valeur de l'angle pour laquelle l'appareil capteur d'image (4) voit le plus haut.- B is the value of the angle for which the image sensor device (4) sees the highest.
- h est la hauteur de la forme.- h is the height of the form.
La détermination de la distance D se fait en fonction de la focale de l'objectif, tout en sachant que cette focale représente un angle (par exemple 38mm en 4/3 équivaut à un angle de 38 degrés sur le plan horizontal) .The distance D is determined as a function of the focal length of the objective, while knowing that this focal length represents an angle (for example 38mm in 4/3 is equivalent to an angle of 38 degrees on the horizontal plane).
Pour que la surface (3) soit entièrement vue par l'objectif, il faut que :For the surface (3) to be fully seen by the objective, it is necessary that:
D = (D1+D2) / tan (Angle de la focale)D = (D1 + D2) / tan (Focal angle)
La détermination de l'angle Pmax afin que l'extrémité inférieure de la forme ne reflète pas l'extrémité supérieure est alors telle que :The determination of the angle Pmax so that the lower end of the shape does not reflect the upper end is then such that:
Bmax = 2Pmax - Pi/2 + TminBmax = 2Pmax - Pi / 2 + Tmin
Etant donné que pour le cas où ladite surface (3) conique est engendrée par une génératrice sensiblement en arc de cercle :Given that for the case where said conical surface (3) is generated by a generator substantially in an arc:
Bmax = Pmax/2,Bmax = Pmax / 2,
on a :we have :
Pmax/2 = 2Pmax - Pi/2 + TminPmax / 2 = 2Pmax - Pi / 2 + Tmin
Pmax = -2 (Tmin - Pi/2) / 3.Pmax = -2 (Tmin - Pi / 2) / 3.
Ainsi, le rayon R est R= D2 / ( cos ( Pi/2 - Pmax) ) ,So the radius R is R = D2 / (cos (Pi / 2 - Pmax)),
et la hauteur h : h = R(l - Sin (Pi/2 - Pmax) )and the height h: h = R (l - Sin (Pi / 2 - Pmax))
Le dispositif (1) ainsi déterminé permet d'acquérir des images panoramiques. The device (1) thus determined makes it possible to acquire panoramic images.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif (1) d'acquisition d'image panoramique, du type comportant au moins un moyen réflecteur primaire (2) muni d'une surface primaire (3), extérieure, au moins partiellement réfléchissante, afin de permettre de réfléchir ladite image vers au moins un appareil capteur d'image (4) du type appareil photo ou caméra, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) est constitué d'une surface primaire (3) conique, concave.1. Device (1) for acquiring a panoramic image, of the type comprising at least one primary reflective means (2) provided with an external primary surface (3), at least partially reflecting, in order to reflect said image to at least one image sensor device (4) of the camera or camera type, characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) consists of a conical, concave primary surface (3).
2. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite surface primaire (3) conique est engendrée par une génératrice sensiblement parabolique. 2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said primary conical surface (3) is generated by a substantially parabolic generator.
3. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite surface primaire (3) conique est engendrée par une génératrice sensiblement en arc de cercle .3. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said primary conical surface (3) is generated by a generator substantially in an arc.
4. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite surface primaire (3) conique est engendrée par une génératrice sensiblement elliptique.4. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said primary conical surface (3) is generated by a substantially elliptical generator.
5. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) présente une forme de cône qui comporte une base (9) présentant un retour (10) .5. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) has a cone shape which comprises a base (9) having a return (10).
6. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) présente une forme de cône qui comporte un sommet (6) tronqué. 6. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) has a cone shape which has a truncated top (6).
7. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) présente une forme de cône qui comporte un sommet (6) évidé . . 7. Device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) has a cone shape which has a recessed top (6). .
8. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un élément de fixation positionné au niveau dudit sommet (6) .8. Device (1) according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a fixing element positioned at the level of said top (6).
9. Dispositif (1) selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins une surface de renvoi (11, 21), au moins partiellement réfléchissante.9. Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one deflection surface (11, 21), at least partially reflecting.
10. Dispositif (1) selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) muni d'une surface secondaire (13), extérieure, présentant une forme de cône au moins partiellement réfléchissante et concave, sensiblement coaxiale avec le moyen réflecteur primaire (2 ) .10. Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a secondary reflective means (12) provided with a secondary surface (13), external, having a cone shape at least partially reflecting and concave, substantially coaxial with the primary reflecting means (2).
11. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) présentant une forme de cône dont le sommet secondaire (16) est tronqué.11. Device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that said secondary reflecting means (12) having a cone shape whose secondary apex (16) is truncated.
12. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) présentant une forme de cône dont le sommet secondaire (16) est évidé.12. Device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that said secondary reflecting means (12) having a cone shape whose secondary apex (16) is hollowed out.
13. Dispositif (1) selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) et ledit moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) sont positionnés dos à dos. 13. Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) and said secondary reflecting means (12) are positioned back to back.
14. Dispositif (1) selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) et ledit moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) sont positionnés face à face. •14. Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said primary reflecting means (2) and said secondary reflecting means (12) are positioned face to face. •
15. Dispositif (1) selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit appareil capteur d'image (4) est positionné entre ledit moyen réflecteur primaire (2) et ledit moyen réflecteur secondaire (12) . 15. Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said image sensor device (4) is positioned between said primary reflecting means (2) and said secondary reflecting means (12).
16. Dispositif (1) selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit ou lesdits moyens réflecteurs (2, 12) est ou sont disposé(s) dans un boîtier de protection (7) présentant au moins une fenêtre (8, 18) au moins partiellement transparente sur au moins toute la hauteur respectivement de ladite surface (3, 13) conique.16. Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said one or more reflecting means (2, 12) is or are arranged in a protective housing (7) having at least one window (8, 18) at least partially transparent over at least the entire height respectively of said conical surface (3, 13).
17. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que ledit boîtier de protection (7, 17) comporte des moyens pour permettre sa fixation à l'appareil capteur d'image (4) d'une manière hermétique à la lumière.17. Device (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that said protective housing (7, 17) comprises means for allowing its attachment to the image sensor device (4) in a hermetic manner to light .
18. Appareil capteur d'image (4) muni d'un dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17.18. Image sensor apparatus (4) provided with a device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
19. Procédé de construction d'une image numérique par acquisition d'une image d'anamorphose panoramique à l'aide d'un dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, et par traitement numérique de ladite image. 19. A method of constructing a digital image by acquiring a panoramic anamorphic image using a device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, and by digital processing of said image.
20. Image numérique obtenue par la mise en œuvre du dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17. 20. Digital image obtained by the implementation of the device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
EP00964329A 2000-03-22 2000-09-20 Panoramic image acquisition device Withdrawn EP1266263A1 (en)

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FR0003672A FR2806809B1 (en) 2000-03-22 2000-03-22 PANORAMIC IMAGE AQUISITION DEVICE
FR0003672 2000-03-22
PCT/FR2000/002606 WO2001071423A1 (en) 2000-03-22 2000-09-20 Panoramic image acquisition device

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EP (2) EP1266263A1 (en)
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AU7528900A (en) 2001-10-03
FR2806809B1 (en) 2002-11-22
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IL151845A0 (en) 2003-04-10
US20030043261A1 (en) 2003-03-06
CN1452730A (en) 2003-10-29
FR2806809A1 (en) 2001-09-28
TW528924B (en) 2003-04-21
US20030053080A1 (en) 2003-03-20
ZA200208455B (en) 2003-10-20
BR0017169A (en) 2003-01-14
CA2402618A1 (en) 2001-09-27
IL151842A0 (en) 2003-04-10
IL151844A0 (en) 2003-04-10
US20020126395A1 (en) 2002-09-12
AU4662901A (en) 2001-10-03
WO2001071420A1 (en) 2001-09-27
EA200200984A1 (en) 2003-02-27
JP2003528351A (en) 2003-09-24
AU4662801A (en) 2001-10-03
MXPA02009246A (en) 2004-08-12
EP1266260A1 (en) 2002-12-18
KR20030005235A (en) 2003-01-17

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