EP1260779A1 - Indoor skiing ground - Google Patents

Indoor skiing ground Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1260779A1
EP1260779A1 EP02002670A EP02002670A EP1260779A1 EP 1260779 A1 EP1260779 A1 EP 1260779A1 EP 02002670 A EP02002670 A EP 02002670A EP 02002670 A EP02002670 A EP 02002670A EP 1260779 A1 EP1260779 A1 EP 1260779A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
protective elements
ski
snow
hall according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02002670A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1260779B1 (en
Inventor
Herman D'hulster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stevens Koeltechnik NV
Allrounder Winter World & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Stevens Koeltechnik NV
Allrounder Winter World & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP1260779A1 publication Critical patent/EP1260779A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/10—Ice-skating or roller-skating rinks; Slopes or trails for skiing, ski-jumping or tobogganing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/10—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds for artificial surfaces for outdoor or indoor practice of snow or ice sports
    • E01C13/12—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds for artificial surfaces for outdoor or indoor practice of snow or ice sports for snow sports, e.g. skiing or ski tow track
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/044—Snow making using additional features, e.g. additives, liquid gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ski hall with a with snow-covered, sloping floor and with a Cooling device to which laid along the floor surface and connected to cooling pipes through which a coolant flows to cool the hall floor.
  • ski halls In recent years, especially in Holland and Belgium a number of ski halls have been built there enable winter sports even in these lowland regions such as skiing, snowboarding etc. to operate.
  • a ski hall is basically an oversized cold store, whose bottom surface is designed as a ski slope and through Snow cannons are covered with snow.
  • the efforts go there, an equally good one
  • the object of the invention is a ski hall of the beginning to create mentioned type that is simple and it allows the air temperature with little effort and regulate moisture in the ski hall.
  • Cooling tubes from at least part of their length Step out of the floor surface or laid on the floor surface are, and that protective elements are provided between the cooling tubes are anchored to the floor surface and protrude above the cooling tubes to avoid damage to prevent the cooling pipes.
  • the invention is based on the consideration of the cooling tubes not to be laid in the floor as in the prior art, but on the surface of the ground, so that they operate immediately with the layer of snow lying on the floor come in contact to cool them. So it won't the hall floor, but rather the layer of snow cooled, thus providing additional insulation to the floor forms and on the other hand can be used to Regulate air temperature and humidity in the ski hall. For example, if you assume that the Layer of snow in a ski hall about a weight of 3,000 t, this layer of snow can be reduced the temperature around 1 ° C around 1,600 kWh of cooling energy take up. This energy is usually sufficient to the one entering the ski hall through the floor insulation To compensate for heat.
  • the snow temperature can also provide the energy be provided, which is required during the day to to cool the air in the ski hall.
  • the humidity can also be reduced regulate in the hall in a simple way. If namely the snow temperature below the air temperature holds, this leads to condensation of the air humidity on the snow, and in the opposite case, one will Sublimation of moisture reached by the snow, when the air is colder than the snow.
  • the ratio of Snow temperature to air temperature also humidity regulate in a simple way.
  • Protective elements are provided, through which it is prevented that the cooling pipes, for example, when passing over a Snow groomer can be damaged.
  • These protective elements are expediently formed like strips and laid along the cooling tubes, for example a trapezoidal profile with tapering towards the top Can have cross-section. With a suitable distance of Protective elements already offer sufficient protection Protection for the cooling pipes.
  • each still several across arranged protective elements are provided so that the protective elements form a protective grille.
  • This Protective elements arranged transversely to the cooling tubes can anchored to the floor surface, in particular screwed down his.
  • there is also a fixation along the Protection elements running cooling pipes conceivable. Conveniently, can run here transverse to the cooling tubes and used these spanning protective elements to position the cooling tubes on the floor surface and also to fix if necessary. hereby additional measures become superfluous.
  • the bottom surface in its longitudinal direction or transverse direction divided into several cooling sections and the cooling tubes of the cooling sections are in accordance with Art connected in parallel to the cooling device are so that they operate independently can be and especially in the individual Cooling sections also different depending on the need Cooling performance can be provided.
  • each cooling section has its own control loop with a temperature sensor and one provided on the inlet side Valve assigned so that in the individual Cooling sections different cooling capacities for setting the desired snow temperatures over the length the floor area can be generated.
  • This ski hall has one rectangular base and includes an outer skin 1 with Side walls and a roof and a floor area 2, the an essentially closed and thermally insulated Form space. In particular, is on the bottom surface 2 thermal insulation is provided.
  • cooling pipes 5 are laid along the bottom surface, which via connecting lines 4a, 4b and a pump 5 a cooling device 3 are connected and via this for cooling a layer of snow lying on the bottom surface 2 S with a coolant such as glycol be supplied.
  • a cooling device 3 are connected and via this for cooling a layer of snow lying on the bottom surface 2 S with a coolant such as glycol be supplied.
  • a cooling section formed, which according to Art a parallel connection to the connecting lines 4a, 4b are connected and a valve on the inlet side 6, via which the amount of coolant flowing through and thus regulates the cooling capacity in the cooling section can be.
  • Each cooling section is a control loop assigned over which the cooling capacity depending from the snow temperature by a temperature sensor is recorded, is regulated.
  • cooling tubes 5 meandering between the two long sides of the bottom surface 2, i.e. their main orientation is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the slopes.
  • the cooling tubes can of course also run in the longitudinal direction of the ski slope, the Cooling tubes can then be controlled individually or in groups can.
  • Cooling tubes 5 above the bottom surface 2 in the snow layer S relocated. This makes them susceptible to damage for example by a snow groomer, which groomed the ski slope.
  • protective elements 9, 10 intended. Firstly, extend between the cooling tubes 5, i.e. transverse to the longitudinal direction of the slopes, protective strips 9 with a trapezoidal shape that tapers towards the top Cross section anchored to the bottom surface 2 are and protrude above the cooling tubes 5. The distance between the protective strips 9 is between 20 and 40 cm, causing damage to the pipes practically excluded by a snow cat running over it are.
  • Protective webs 10 are provided, which in the longitudinal direction of the slopes run and each between two neighboring Protective strips 9 extend. Like especially the figures 3 and 4 clearly show, are the protective webs 10 their end faces on the flanks of the protective strips 9 and are anchored to the hall floor, screwed here. Point to their underside facing the bottom surface 2 the protective webs 10 recesses 11 for the cooling tubes 5 on, so that the cooling tubes 5 through the protective webs 10 the bottom surface 2 are positioned and also fixed.
  • ski hall 1 Snow generator 7 in the form of snow cannons and air coolers 8 provided for cooling the hall air.
  • the Snow generator 7 and the air cooler 8 are in one Metal structure 12 below the hall roof along the Ski slope at regular intervals of around 25 to 50 m attached to each other, each with a snow gun 7 and an air cooler 8 form a functional unit and are coupled in such a way that when commissioning a snow generator 7, the associated air cooler 8 runs at maximum performance. Otherwise everyone is Air cooler 8 a control loop with a temperature sensor assigned the cooler performance depending on the air temperature in the immediate vicinity of the Air cooler 8 regulates. In this way, the profile of the Air temperature in the ski hall in a desired manner can be set.
  • the setting is expediently carried out in such a way that at all five the temperature measuring points, i.e. over the entire length of the ski hall, sets the same temperature. This can difficult to control air circulation in the hall, which are due to temperature differences, largely be prevented.
  • the air inside the ski hall 1 is on the one hand from the bottom over the snow layer S and on the other hand via the air cooler from the ceiling side cooled.
  • the snow layer S through the cooling pipes 5 cooled down to a desired temperature be available to the required cooling energy to deliver.
  • By cooling over the snow layer S is achieved that along the entire floor area essentially sets a uniform temperature. If the snow temperature is below the air temperature is the additional effect that the in moisture in the air on the snow surface condensed. Conversely, moisture sublimes from the snow to the air when the snow temperature is above the air temperature.
  • cooling takes place by the air in the Ski hall is cooled via the air cooler 8, namely especially during snow production.
  • the control loops the air cooler 8 are set so that over the entire length of the ski slope in the upper hall area sets the same temperature. In this way become undesirable air circulation due to temperature differences avoided and on inside the hall each snow producer 7 equal conditions for that Snow creation created. This leads to an even good snow quality over the entire length of the ski slopes.
  • cooling takes place in the fresh air pre-cooled by cold exhaust air (heat exchange or mixing) and through the cooling units to the desired one Is brought into the hall becomes.

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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The ski stadium has an angled surface to represent a ski piste. A number of snow generators, at intervals, deliver snow to the piste surface, and a number of air cooler fans keep the interior of the stadium at a low temperature. A number of pipes (5), carrying a coolant flow, are laid on the piste surface. Protectors (9,10) are between the pipes, anchored to the piste surface and projecting over the cooling pipes to protect them from damage. The cooling pipes are linked to a control circuit, with temperature sensors, and valves (6) for each cooling section of the piste.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Skihalle mit einer zu beschneienden, geneigten Bodenfläche und mit einer Kühleinrichtung, an die entlang der Bodenfläche verlegte und mit einem Kühlmittel durchströmte Kühlrohre angeschlossen sind, um eine Kühlung am Hallenboden vorzunehmen.The present invention relates to a ski hall with a with snow-covered, sloping floor and with a Cooling device to which laid along the floor surface and connected to cooling pipes through which a coolant flows to cool the hall floor.

In den letzten Jahren sind insbesondere in Holland und Belgien eine Reihe von Skihallen gebaut worden, die es ermöglichen, auch in diesen Flachlandregionen Wintersportarten wie beispielsweise Skifahren, Snowboarden etc. zu betreiben. Bei einer solchen Skihalle handelt es sich im Grunde genommen um ein überdimensionales Kühlhaus, dessen Bodenfläche als Skipiste ausgebildet ist und durch Schneekanonen beschneit wird. Beim Betrieb solcher Skihallen gehen die Bestrebungen dahin, eine gleichmäßig gute Schneequalität in der Halle zu erzielen und dazu optimale Verhältnisse für die Schnee-Erzeugung herzustellen. Zu diesem Zweck werden in den existierenden Skihallen unterschiedliche Maßnahmen getroffen. Beispielsweise wird die Lufttemperatur und -feuchte in der Halle reguliert und werden Vorkehrungen getroffen, um die enormen Energiekosten, die mit der Schneeherstellung und der Beibehaltung der erforderlichen kalten Atmosphäre verbunden sind, in Grenzen zu halten.In recent years, especially in Holland and Belgium a number of ski halls have been built there enable winter sports even in these lowland regions such as skiing, snowboarding etc. to operate. Such a ski hall is basically an oversized cold store, whose bottom surface is designed as a ski slope and through Snow cannons are covered with snow. When operating such ski halls the efforts go there, an equally good one To achieve snow quality in the hall and optimal Establish conditions for snow production. For this purpose, there are different ones in the existing ski halls Measures taken. For example regulates the air temperature and humidity in the hall and precautions are taken to reduce the enormous energy costs, the one with snow making and maintaining the required cold atmosphere are to be kept within limits.

So wird in der EP 0 378 636 B1 vorgeschlagen, während der Schneeherstellung die Atmosphäre in der Halle auf eine Temperatur von minus 2° C oder weniger und die Luftfeuchte unterhalb von 100 % zu halten. Dies wird erreicht, indem während der Schneeherstellung kalte, trockene Luft der Halle zugeführt wird, die durch entsprechende Luftkühlungs- und Trocknungsmittel zur Verfügung gestellt wird. Der in diesen Zeiten erforderliche hohe Energiebedarf wird durch einen Energiespeicher beispielsweise in Form einer entlang des Bodens verlegten Aluminiumschicht gedeckt, der außerhalb der Schnee-Erzeugungszeiten gespeist, d.h. gekühlt wird. Durch diesen zusätzlichen Energiespeicher kann zwar zu Zeiten der Schnee-Erzeugung kurzfristig Energie zur Verfügung gestellt werden, so daß die Kühlaggregate klein gehalten werden können, jedoch ist der erforderliche Aufwand beträchtlich. Des weiteren müssen weitere Maßnahmen getroffen werden, um die Lufttemperatur und -feuchtigkeit einzustellen.So it is proposed in EP 0 378 636 B1, during the Snow making the atmosphere in the hall on one Temperature of minus 2 ° C or less and the humidity to keep below 100%. This is accomplished by cold, dry air during snow making the hall, which is cooled by air cooling and desiccant provided becomes. The high energy demand required in these times is, for example, in an energy storage Form of an aluminum layer laid along the floor covered, which is fed outside of the snow production times, i.e. is cooled. Through this additional Energy storage can be used at times of snow production Energy can be made available at short notice so that the cooling units can be kept small, however the effort required is considerable. Furthermore Further measures must be taken to control the air temperature and moisture.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Skihalle der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die einfach aufgebaut ist und es mit geringem Aufwand ermöglicht, die Lufttemperatur und -feuchtigkeit in der Skihalle zu regulieren. The object of the invention is a ski hall of the beginning to create mentioned type that is simple and it allows the air temperature with little effort and regulate moisture in the ski hall.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Kühlrohre zumindest auf einem Teil ihrer Länge aus der Bodenfläche heraustreten oder auf der Bodenfläche verlegt sind, und daß zwischen den Kühlrohren Schutzelemente vorgesehen sind, die an der Bodenfläche verankert sind und über die Kühlrohre nach oben vorstehen, um Beschädigungen der Kühlrohre zu verhindern.This object is achieved in that the Cooling tubes from at least part of their length Step out of the floor surface or laid on the floor surface are, and that protective elements are provided between the cooling tubes are anchored to the floor surface and protrude above the cooling tubes to avoid damage to prevent the cooling pipes.

Der Erfindung liegt die Überlegung zugrunde, die Kühlrohre nicht wie im Stand der Technik im Boden zu verlegen, sondern an der Bodenoberfläche, so daß sie im Betrieb unmittelbar mit der auf dem Boden liegenden Schneeschicht in Kontakt kommen, um diese zu kühlen. Es wird also nicht der Hallenboden, sondern vielmehr die Schneeschicht gekühlt, die somit eine zusätzliche Isolation zum Boden hin bildet und zum anderen selbst genutzt werden kann, um die Lufttemperatur und -feuchtigkeit in der Skihalle zu regulieren. Geht man beispielsweise davon aus, daß die Schneeschicht in einer Skihalle etwa ein Gewicht von 3.000 t hat, so kann diese Schneeschicht durch Reduzierung der Temperatur um 1° C etwa 1.600 kWh Kälteenergie aufnehmen. Diese Energie ist in der Regel ausreichend, um die durch die Bodenisolation in die Skihalle eintretende Wärme zu kompensieren. Mit einer weiteren Verringerung der Schneetemperatur kann außerdem die Energie zur Verfügung gestellt werden, die tagsüber erforderlich ist, um die Luft in der Skihalle zu kühlen. Durch diese bewußte Kühlung der Hallenluft mittels der Schneeschicht wird sich eine einheitliche Temperatur am ganzen Hallenboden einstellen. Des weiteren läßt sich auch die Luftfeuchtigkeit in der Halle auf einfache Weise regulieren. Wenn man nämlich die Schneetemperatur unterhalb der Lufttemperatur hält, führt dies zu einer Kondensation der Luftfeuchtigkeit auf dem Schnee, und im umgekehrten Fall wird eine Sublimation von Feuchtigkeit von dem Schnee erreicht, wenn die Luft kälter als der Schnee ist.The invention is based on the consideration of the cooling tubes not to be laid in the floor as in the prior art, but on the surface of the ground, so that they operate immediately with the layer of snow lying on the floor come in contact to cool them. So it won't the hall floor, but rather the layer of snow cooled, thus providing additional insulation to the floor forms and on the other hand can be used to Regulate air temperature and humidity in the ski hall. For example, if you assume that the Layer of snow in a ski hall about a weight of 3,000 t, this layer of snow can be reduced the temperature around 1 ° C around 1,600 kWh of cooling energy take up. This energy is usually sufficient to the one entering the ski hall through the floor insulation To compensate for heat. With another reduction the snow temperature can also provide the energy be provided, which is required during the day to to cool the air in the ski hall. Through this conscious Cooling of the indoor air by means of the layer of snow there is a uniform temperature all over the hall floor to adjust. Furthermore, the humidity can also be reduced regulate in the hall in a simple way. If namely the snow temperature below the air temperature holds, this leads to condensation of the air humidity on the snow, and in the opposite case, one will Sublimation of moisture reached by the snow, when the air is colder than the snow.

Somit kann durch die Kühlung der Schneeschicht mit beispielsweise billigem Nachtstrom der tagsüber für die Luftkühlung erforderliche Energiebedarf zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Außerdem läßt sich über das Verhältnis von Schneetemperatur zur Lufttemperatur auch die Luftfeuchtigkeit in einfacher Weise regulieren.Thus, by cooling the layer of snow with, for example cheap night electricity during the day for the Air cooling provided the required energy become. In addition, the ratio of Snow temperature to air temperature also humidity regulate in a simple way.

Nachdem erfindungsgemäß die Kühlrohre unmittelbar in der Schneeschicht liegen, sind zwischen den Kühlrohren Schutzelemente vorgesehen, über die verhindert wird, daß die Kühlrohre beispielsweise beim Überfahren durch eine Pistenraupe beschädigt werden können. Diese Schutzelemente sind zweckmäßigerweise leistenartig ausgebildet und längs der Kühlrohre verlegt, wobei sie beispielsweise ein trapezförmiges Profil mit sich nach oben hin verjüngenden Querschnitt aufweisen können. Bei geeignetem Abstand der Schutzelemente bieten diese bereits einen ausreichenden Schutz für die Kühlrohre.After the cooling tubes according to the invention directly in the Layers of snow are between the cooling tubes Protective elements are provided, through which it is prevented that the cooling pipes, for example, when passing over a Snow groomer can be damaged. These protective elements are expediently formed like strips and laid along the cooling tubes, for example a trapezoidal profile with tapering towards the top Can have cross-section. With a suitable distance of Protective elements already offer sufficient protection Protection for the cooling pipes.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist jedoch vorgesehen, daß zwischen zwei längs der Kühlrohre verlaufenden leistenartigen Schutzelementen jeweils noch mehrere quer dazu angeordnete Schutzelemente vorgesehen sind, so daß die Schutzelemente quasi ein Schutzgitter bilden. Diese quer zu den Kühlrohren angeordneten Schutzelemente können an der Bodenfläche verankert, insbesondere festgeschraubt sein. Zusätzlich ist auch eine Fixierung an den längs der Kühlrohre verlaufenden Schutzelementen denkbar. Zweckmäßigerweise können hierbei die quer zu den Kühlrohren verlaufenden und diese überspannenden Schutzelemente verwendet werden, um die Kühlrohre an der Bodenfläche zu positionieren und gegebenenfalls auch zu fixieren. Hierdurch werden zusätzliche Maßnahmen überflüssig.According to a preferred embodiment, however, that between two running along the cooling tubes strip-like protective elements each still several across arranged protective elements are provided so that the protective elements form a protective grille. This Protective elements arranged transversely to the cooling tubes can anchored to the floor surface, in particular screwed down his. In addition, there is also a fixation along the Protection elements running cooling pipes conceivable. Conveniently, can run here transverse to the cooling tubes and used these spanning protective elements to position the cooling tubes on the floor surface and also to fix if necessary. hereby additional measures become superfluous.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Bodenfläche in ihrer Längsrichtung oder Querrichtung in mehrere Kühlabschnitte unterteilt ist und die Kühlrohre der Kühlabschnitte jeweils nach Art einer Parallelschaltung an die Kühleinrichtung angeschlossen sind, so daß sie unabhängig voneinander betrieben werden können und insbesondere in den einzelnen Kühlabschnitten je nach Bedarf auch unterschiedliche Kühlleistungen erbracht werden können. Hierbei ist zweckmäßigerweise jedem Kühlabschnitt ein eigener Regelkreis mit einem Temperaturfühler und einem einlaßseitig vorgesehenen Ventil zugeordnet, so daß in den einzelnen Kühlabschnitten unterschiedliche Kühlleistungen zur Einstellung der gewünschten Schneetemperaturen über die Länge der Bodenfläche erzeugt werden können.According to a further embodiment of the invention provided that the bottom surface in its longitudinal direction or transverse direction divided into several cooling sections and the cooling tubes of the cooling sections are in accordance with Art connected in parallel to the cooling device are so that they operate independently can be and especially in the individual Cooling sections also different depending on the need Cooling performance can be provided. This is convenient each cooling section has its own control loop with a temperature sensor and one provided on the inlet side Valve assigned so that in the individual Cooling sections different cooling capacities for setting the desired snow temperatures over the length the floor area can be generated.

Hinsichtlich weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wird auf die Unteransprüche sowie die nachfolgende Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende Zeichnung verwiesen. In der Zeichnung zeigt

Figur 1
in schematischer Darstellung eine Skihalle gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung in Seitenansicht,
Figur 2
die Bodenfläche der Skihalle aus Figur 1 in schematischer Draufsicht einschließlich der Bodenkühlung,
Figur 3
einen Ausschnitt der Bodenkühlung aus Figur 2 in geschnittener Seitenansicht und
Figur 4
den Ausschnitt aus Figur 3 in Draufsicht.
With regard to further advantageous refinements of the invention, reference is made to the subclaims and the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing. In the drawing shows
Figure 1
a schematic representation of a ski hall according to the present invention in side view,
Figure 2
1 in a schematic plan view including the floor cooling,
Figure 3
a section of the floor cooling from Figure 2 in a sectional side view and
Figure 4
the section of Figure 3 in plan view.

In Figur ist eine Skihalle gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Diese Skihalle besitzt eine rechteckige Grundfläche und umfaßt eine Außenhaut 1 mit Seitenwänden und einem Dach sowie eine Bodenfläche 2, die einen im wesentlichen geschlossenen und thermisch isolierten Raum bilden. Insbesondere ist an der Bodenfläche 2 eine thermische Isolierung vorgesehen.In the figure is a ski hall according to the present invention shown schematically. This ski hall has one rectangular base and includes an outer skin 1 with Side walls and a roof and a floor area 2, the an essentially closed and thermally insulated Form space. In particular, is on the bottom surface 2 thermal insulation is provided.

Wie insbesondere in den Figuren 1 und 2 gut erkennbar ist, sind entlang der Bodenfläche 2 Kühlrohre 5 verlegt, die über Verbindungsleitungen 4a, 4b und eine Pumpe 5 an eine Kühleinrichtung 3 angeschlossen sind und über diese zur Kühlung einer auf der Bodenfläche 2 liegenden Schneeschicht S mit einem Kühlmittel wie beispielsweise Glykol versorgt werden. Dabei werden in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in Skipistenlängsrichtung gesehen hintereinander sechs Kühlabschnitte gebildet, die nach Art einer Parallelschaltung an die Verbindungsleitungen 4a, 4b angeschlossen sind und jeweils einlaßseitig ein Ventil 6 aufweisen, über welches die durchströmende Kühlmittelmenge und damit die Kühlleistung in dem Kühlabschnitt reguliert werden kann. Jedem Kühlabschnitt ist ein Regelkreis zugeordnet, über den die Kühlleistung in Abhängigkeit von der Schneetemperatur, die durch einen Temperaturfühler erfaßt wird, geregelt wird. In den einzelnen Kühlabschnitten verlaufen die Kühlrohre 5 im wesentlichen mäanderförmig zwischen den beiden Längsseiten der Bodenfläche 2, d.h. ihre Hauptausrichtung ist quer zur Pistenlängsrichtung. Alternativ können die Kühlrohre natürlich auch in Längsrichtung der Skipiste verlaufen, wobei die Kühlrohre dann einzeln oder in Gruppen angesteuert werden können.As can be seen particularly well in FIGS. 1 and 2 cooling pipes 5 are laid along the bottom surface, which via connecting lines 4a, 4b and a pump 5 a cooling device 3 are connected and via this for cooling a layer of snow lying on the bottom surface 2 S with a coolant such as glycol be supplied. Here, in the illustrated embodiment seen one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the ski slopes six cooling sections formed, which according to Art a parallel connection to the connecting lines 4a, 4b are connected and a valve on the inlet side 6, via which the amount of coolant flowing through and thus regulates the cooling capacity in the cooling section can be. Each cooling section is a control loop assigned over which the cooling capacity depending from the snow temperature by a temperature sensor is recorded, is regulated. In each of Cooling sections essentially run the cooling tubes 5 meandering between the two long sides of the bottom surface 2, i.e. their main orientation is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the slopes. Alternatively, the cooling tubes can of course also run in the longitudinal direction of the ski slope, the Cooling tubes can then be controlled individually or in groups can.

Wie in den Figuren 1 und 3 gut erkennbar ist, sind die Kühlrohre 5 oberhalb der Bodenfläche 2 in der Schneeschicht S verlegt. Damit sind sie anfällig gegen Beschädigungen beispielsweise durch eine Pistenraupe, welche die Skipiste präpariert. Um die Kühlrohre 5 gegen solche Beschädigungen zu schützen, sind Schutzelemente 9, 10 vorgesehen. Zum einen erstrecken sich zwischen den Kühlrohren 5, d.h. quer zur Pistenlängsrichtung, Schutzleisten 9 mit einem sich nach oben hin verjüngenden, trapezförmigen Querschnitt, die an der Bodenfläche 2 verankert sind und nach oben über die Kühlrohre 5 vorstehen. Der Abstand zwischen zwischen den Schutzleisten 9 beträgt zwischen 20 und 40 cm, so daß Beschädigungen der Rohre durch eine überfahrende Pistenraupe praktisch ausgeschlossen sind. Zusätzlich zu den Schutzleisten 9 sind Schutzstege 10 vorgesehen, welche in Pistenlängsrichtung verlaufen und sich jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Schutzleisten 9 erstrecken. Wie insbesondere die Figuren 3 und 4 deutlich zeigen, liegen die Schutzstege 10 mit ihren Stirnflächen an den Flanken der Schutzleisten 9 an und sind am Hallenboden verankert, hier festgeschraubt. An ihren zur Bodenfläche 2 weisenden Unterseite weisen die Schutzstege 10 Ausnehmungen 11 für die Kühlrohre 5 auf, so daß die Kühlrohre 5 durch die Schutzstege 10 an der Bodenfläche 2 positioniert und auch fixiert werden.As can be clearly seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, the Cooling tubes 5 above the bottom surface 2 in the snow layer S relocated. This makes them susceptible to damage for example by a snow groomer, which groomed the ski slope. To the cooling tubes 5 against such To protect damage, protective elements 9, 10 intended. Firstly, extend between the cooling tubes 5, i.e. transverse to the longitudinal direction of the slopes, protective strips 9 with a trapezoidal shape that tapers towards the top Cross section anchored to the bottom surface 2 are and protrude above the cooling tubes 5. The distance between the protective strips 9 is between 20 and 40 cm, causing damage to the pipes practically excluded by a snow cat running over it are. In addition to the protective strips 9 are Protective webs 10 are provided, which in the longitudinal direction of the slopes run and each between two neighboring Protective strips 9 extend. Like especially the figures 3 and 4 clearly show, are the protective webs 10 their end faces on the flanks of the protective strips 9 and are anchored to the hall floor, screwed here. Point to their underside facing the bottom surface 2 the protective webs 10 recesses 11 for the cooling tubes 5 on, so that the cooling tubes 5 through the protective webs 10 the bottom surface 2 are positioned and also fixed.

Des weiteren sind in der Skihalle 1 mehrere hier fünf Schnee-Erzeuger 7, in Form von Schneekanonen sowie Luftkühler 8 zur Kühlung der Hallenluft vorgesehen. Die Schnee-Erzeuger 7 sowie die Luftkühler 8 sind an einer Metallstruktur 12 unterhalb des Hallendaches entlang der Skipiste in gleichmäßigen Abständen von etwa 25 bis 50 m zueinander angebracht, wobei jeweils ein Schnee-Erzeuger 7 und ein Luftkühler 8 eine funktionelle Einheit bilden und in der Weise gekoppelt sind, daß bei Inbetriebnahme eines Schnee-Erzeugers 7 jeweils der zugehörige Luftkühler 8 auf maximaler Leistung läuft. Im übrigen ist jedem Luftkühler 8 ein Regelkreis mit einem Temperatursensor zugeordnet, der die Kühlerleistung in Abhängigkeit von der Lufttemperatur in der unmittelbaren Umgebung des Luftkühlers 8 regelt. Auf diese Weise kann das Profil der Lufttemperatur in der Skihalle in einer gewünschten Weise eingestellt werden. Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt die Einstellung in der Weise, daß sich an allen fünf den Temperaturmeßpunkten, d.h. über die gesamte Länge der Skihalle, die gleiche Temperatur einstellt. Hierdurch können schwer kontrollierbare Luftzirkulationen in der Halle, die durch Temperaturunterschiede bedingt sind, weitgehend verhindert werden.There are also five here in ski hall 1 Snow generator 7, in the form of snow cannons and air coolers 8 provided for cooling the hall air. The Snow generator 7 and the air cooler 8 are in one Metal structure 12 below the hall roof along the Ski slope at regular intervals of around 25 to 50 m attached to each other, each with a snow gun 7 and an air cooler 8 form a functional unit and are coupled in such a way that when commissioning a snow generator 7, the associated air cooler 8 runs at maximum performance. Otherwise everyone is Air cooler 8 a control loop with a temperature sensor assigned the cooler performance depending on the air temperature in the immediate vicinity of the Air cooler 8 regulates. In this way, the profile of the Air temperature in the ski hall in a desired manner can be set. The setting is expediently carried out in such a way that at all five the temperature measuring points, i.e. over the entire length of the ski hall, sets the same temperature. This can difficult to control air circulation in the hall, which are due to temperature differences, largely be prevented.

Zusätzlich sind zwei Kühlaggregate mit Entfrostungsautomatik vorgesehen, um Frischluft vor Eintritt in die Halle zu kühlen.In addition, there are two cooling units with automatic defrosting provided fresh air before entering the hall to cool.

Im Betrieb wird die Luft innerhalb der Skihalle 1 einerseits von der Bodenseite her über die Schneeschicht S und andererseits über die Luftkühler von der Deckenseite her gekühlt. Hierzu kann die Schneeschicht S durch die Kühlrohre 5 auf eine gewünschte Temperatur heruntergekühlt werden, um die erforderliche Kälteenergie zur Verfügung zu stellen. Durch die Kühlung über die Schneeschicht S wird erreicht, daß sich entlang der gesamten Bodenfläche im wesentlichen eine einheitliche Temperatur einstellt. Wenn die Schneetemperatur unterhalb der Lufttemperatur liegt, wird der zusätzliche Effekt erzielt, daß die in der Luft enthaltene Feuchtigkeit auf der Schneeoberfläche kondensiert. In umgekehrter Weise sublimiert Feuchtigkeit aus dem Schnee in die Luft, wenn die Schneetemperatur oberhalb der Lufttemperatur liegt. In operation, the air inside the ski hall 1 is on the one hand from the bottom over the snow layer S and on the other hand via the air cooler from the ceiling side cooled. For this purpose, the snow layer S through the cooling pipes 5 cooled down to a desired temperature be available to the required cooling energy to deliver. By cooling over the snow layer S is achieved that along the entire floor area essentially sets a uniform temperature. If the snow temperature is below the air temperature is the additional effect that the in moisture in the air on the snow surface condensed. Conversely, moisture sublimes from the snow to the air when the snow temperature is above the air temperature.

Zusätzlich erfolgt eine Kühlung, indem die Luft in der Skihalle über die Luftkühler 8 gekühlt wird, und zwar insbesondere während der Schnee-Erzeugung. Die Regelkreise der Luftkühler 8 sind dabei so eingestellt, daß sich über die gesamte Länge der Skipiste im oberen Hallenbereich die gleiche Temperatur einstellt. Auf diese Weise werden unerwünschte Luftzirkulationen aufgrund von Temperaturunterschieden innerhalb der Halle vermieden und an jedem Schnee-Erzeuger 7 gleiche Verhältnisse für die Schnee-Erzeugung geschaffen. Dies führt zu einer gleichmäßig guten Schneequalität über die gesamte Skipistenlänge.In addition, cooling takes place by the air in the Ski hall is cooled via the air cooler 8, namely especially during snow production. The control loops the air cooler 8 are set so that over the entire length of the ski slope in the upper hall area sets the same temperature. In this way become undesirable air circulation due to temperature differences avoided and on inside the hall each snow producer 7 equal conditions for that Snow creation created. This leads to an even good snow quality over the entire length of the ski slopes.

Schließlich erfolgt eine Kühlung indem Frischluft, die durch kalte Abluft (Wärmeaustausch oder Vermischung) vorgekühlt und durch die Kühlaggregate auf die gewünschte Eintrittstemperatur gebracht wird, der Halle zugeführt wird.Finally, cooling takes place in the fresh air pre-cooled by cold exhaust air (heat exchange or mixing) and through the cooling units to the desired one Is brought into the hall becomes.

Claims (10)

Skihalle mit einer zu beschneienden, geneigten Bodenfläche (2) und mit einer Kühleinrichtung (3), an die entlang der Bodenfläche (2) verlegte und mit einem Kühlmittel durchströmte Kühlrohre (5) angeschlossen sind, um eine Kühlung am Hallenboden vorzunehmen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlrohre (5) zumindest auf einem Teil ihrer Länge aus der Bodenfläche (2) heraustreten oder auf der Bodenfläche (2) verlegt sind, und daß zwischen den Kühlrohren (5) Schutzelemente (9, 10) vorgesehen sind, die an der Bodenfläche (2) verankert sind und über die Kühlrohre (5) nach oben vorstehen, um Beschädigungen der Kühlrohre (5) zu verhindern.Ski hall with an inclined floor surface (2) to be covered with snow and with a cooling device (3) to which cooling pipes (5) laid along the floor surface (2) and through which a coolant flows are connected in order to carry out cooling on the hall floor, characterized in that that the cooling tubes (5) emerge at least over part of their length from the bottom surface (2) or are laid on the bottom surface (2), and that between the cooling tubes (5) protective elements (9, 10) are provided which are on the bottom surface (2) are anchored and protrude above the cooling pipes (5) to prevent damage to the cooling pipes (5). Skihalle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzelemente (9) leistenartig ausgebildet und längs der Kühlrohre (5) verlegt sind. Ski hall according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective elements (9) are designed like strips and are laid along the cooling tubes (5). Skihalle nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die leistenartigen Schutzelemente (9) ein trapezförmiges Profil mit sich nach oben hin verjüngendem Querschnitt aufweisen.Ski hall according to claim 2, characterized in that the strip-like protective elements (9) have a trapezoidal profile with a cross section which tapers towards the top. Skihalle nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen zwei längs der Kühlrohre (5) verlaufenden leistenartigen Schutzelementen (9) jeweils mehrere quer dazu angeordnete Schutzelemente (10) vorgesehen sind.Ski hall according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that between two strip-like protective elements (9) running along the cooling tubes (5) there are in each case a plurality of protective elements (10) arranged transversely thereto. Skihalle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die quer zu den Kühlrohren (5) angeordneten Schutzelemente (10) an der Bodenfläche (2) verankert, insbesondere festgeschraubt sind.Ski hall according to claim 4, characterized in that the protective elements (10) arranged transversely to the cooling tubes (5) are anchored, in particular screwed, to the bottom surface (2). Skihalle nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlrohre (5) durch die quer zu ihnen verlaufenden Schutzelemente (10) an der Bodenfläche (2) positioniert werden.Ski hall according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the cooling tubes (5) are positioned on the bottom surface (2) by the protective elements (10) running transversely to them. Skihalle nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlrohre (5) durch die quer zu ihnen verlaufenden Schutzelemente (10) an der Bodenfläche (2) fixiert werden.Ski hall according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the cooling tubes (5) are fixed to the floor surface (2) by the protective elements (10) running transversely to them. Skihalle nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die längs zu den Kühlrohren (5) verlaufenden Schutzelemente (9) und die quer zu den Kühlrohren (5) verlaufenden Schutzelemente (10) an ihrer Oberseite im wesentlichen bündig miteinander abschließen.Ski hall according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the protective elements (9) running longitudinally to the cooling pipes (5) and the protective elements (10) running transverse to the cooling pipes (5) are essentially flush with one another on their upper side. Skihalle nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bodenfläche (2) in ihrer Längsrichtung oder Querrichtung in mehrere Kühlabschnitte unterteilt ist und die Kühlrohre (5) der Kühlabschnitte jeweils nach Art einer Parallelschaltung an die Kühleinrichtung (3) angeschlossen sind.Ski hall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom surface (2) is divided into a plurality of cooling sections in its longitudinal or transverse direction and the cooling tubes (5) of the cooling sections are each connected to the cooling device (3) in the manner of a parallel connection. Skihalle nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedem Kühlabschnitt ein Regelkreis mit einem Temperaturfühler und einem einlaßseitig vorgesehenen Ventil (6) zugeordnet ist, so daß in den einzelnen Kühlabschnitten unterschiedliche Kühlleistungen zur Einstellung einer gleichmäßigen hohen Temperatur über die Länge der Bodenfläche (2) erzeugt werden können.Ski hall according to claim 9, characterized in that each cooling section is assigned a control circuit with a temperature sensor and a valve (6) provided on the inlet side, so that different cooling capacities are generated in the individual cooling sections for setting a uniformly high temperature over the length of the base surface (2) can be.
EP02002670A 2001-05-23 2002-02-06 Indoor skiing ground Expired - Lifetime EP1260779B1 (en)

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DE10125496 2001-05-23
DE10125496A DE10125496C1 (en) 2001-05-23 2001-05-23 Skihalle

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JPH07301476A (en) * 1994-04-28 1995-11-14 Kurebu:Kk Artificial snow and artificial skiing slope
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EP1260779B1 (en) 2005-06-01
ATE296999T1 (en) 2005-06-15
WO2002095304A1 (en) 2002-11-28
DE10125496C1 (en) 2003-02-27
DE50203238D1 (en) 2005-07-07

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