EP1249263A2 - Method for operating a cleaning device - Google Patents

Method for operating a cleaning device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249263A2
EP1249263A2 EP02007976A EP02007976A EP1249263A2 EP 1249263 A2 EP1249263 A2 EP 1249263A2 EP 02007976 A EP02007976 A EP 02007976A EP 02007976 A EP02007976 A EP 02007976A EP 1249263 A2 EP1249263 A2 EP 1249263A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working chamber
condenser
solvent
work room
air
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Granted
Application number
EP02007976A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1249263A3 (en
EP1249263B1 (en
Inventor
Horst Erbel
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Pero AG P Erbel Maschinen- und Apparatebau
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Pero AG P Erbel Maschinen- und Apparatebau
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Publication of EP1249263A2 publication Critical patent/EP1249263A2/en
Publication of EP1249263A3 publication Critical patent/EP1249263A3/en
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Publication of EP1249263B1 publication Critical patent/EP1249263B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2230/00—Other cleaning aspects applicable to all B08B range
    • B08B2230/01—Cleaning with steam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a cleaning system.
  • Such systems are used to clean workpieces using a solvent in one lockable working chamber.
  • Hydrocarbons are usually used as solvents, Chlorinated hydrocarbons and alcohols are used.
  • Pero-cleaning system 2500 is after Introducing the workpieces to be cleaned into the working chamber, they are closed and closed Vacuum applied to the working chamber to the air in the working chamber largely eliminate.
  • a specified cleaning program then runs, at steam degreasing is also provided. For this purpose, a connection between the Working chamber and a steam container made, which causes solvent vapor in the Working chamber flows.
  • a drying process is started initiated in which a blower to the solvent vapor from the treatment chamber Capacitor promotes.
  • the capacitor consists of a at very low temperatures working refrigeration unit, which, depending on the solvent used, a temperature of -40 ° C to -60 ° C. As a result, the solvent vapor condenses.
  • a cleaning method is already known from DE 195 27 317 A1, in which Solvent vapor is fed to the working chamber after evacuation, after which Cleaning process using a vacuum pump for regeneration in a condenser comes that generated solvent condensate is fed to a reservoir and in the Working chamber for removing the items to be cleaned is ventilated.
  • the object is to design the method in such a way that an air or water cooled condenser can be used.
  • a major advantage of the method according to the invention is that the relative expensive and maintenance-intensive refrigeration units can be dispensed with.
  • To carry out the The process requires fewer and simpler components, which means that Maintenance costs can be reduced and operating costs can be reduced.
  • the inventive method it is possible to use e.g. also To clean plastics so that the CFCs can be replaced. Because of the low The process can also produce solvent emissions without complex filtering and Recovery systems are operated.
  • the cleaning system shown schematically contains a steam generator 1, in which liquid solvent is heated to generate a saturated solvent vapor.
  • a steam generator 1 leads a first steam line 2 with a shut-off valve arranged therein 3 to a pressure-tight lockable working chamber 4, in which the parts to be cleaned are housed during the cleaning process.
  • a Ventilation valve 5 arranged at the working chamber 4 .
  • a second steam line 6 leads from the steam generator 1 with a steam pressure valve 7 to a first part 8a of an air or water-cooled Condenser 8.
  • the working chamber 4 is connected to a first via a first suction line 9 Vacuum pump 10 connected.
  • a valve 11 is arranged in this line 9.
  • the solvent liquefied in part 8a of the two-part condenser 8 overflows a first drain line 21 into a water separator 22. That in part 8b of Condenser 8 liquefied solvent is a condensate separator 39 in the Water separator 22 leading discharge line 21 initiated. From the water separator 22 leads a connecting line 23 with a valve 24 to a pump 25, through which the Solvent distillate via a delivery line 27 in which can be shut off by a further valve 26 a reservoir 28 can be pumped.
  • One of the storage containers 28 carries along a further valve 29 provided supply line 30 for liquid solvent to the Working chamber 4. Via this line 30, the liquid heated in the storage container can Solvents for performing a bath cleaning are introduced into the working chamber 4.
  • the Working chamber 4 from a second drain line 31, which in the between Water separator 22 and the pump 25 arranged connecting line 23 upstream the pump 25 opens.
  • a filter 32 for filtering out Intermediate cleaning residues.
  • a shut-off valve 33 and 34 is arranged in the drain line 31.
  • a third drain line 36 provided with a drain valve 35 provided that also opens into line 23.
  • Between the reservoir 28 and the steam generator 1 also has an overflow line 37 with a shut-off valve 38.
  • the Steam pressure valve 7 is activated when an adjustable steam pressure limit value is exceeded open and closed when the desired vapor pressure is undershot. If that Steam pressure valve 7 is open, a pressure is set in the system that the Equilibrium between evaporator and condensation temperature corresponds. at When using trichlorethylene as a solvent and an air-free system, this pressure is approx. 150 mbar.
  • the steam temperature of trichlorethylene at 150 mbar is only approx. 40 ° C, which e.g. not sufficient to remove polishing pastes that only melt at 55 ° C is.
  • the setting of the steam pressure valve can then e.g. be chosen so that this first opens at 950 mbar, which corresponds to a steam temperature of approx. 83 ° C.
  • About the Steam pressure valve can be used for the solvent used and the respective Optimal steam temperature for the intended use.
  • the cleaning system works as follows:
  • the vacuum pump 10 is first used for the Air extracted from the system. If the system is empty, a continuous one Distillation takes place without the vacuum pump 10 continuing to run.
  • the flows in the Steam generator 1 generates solvent vapor with valve 3 closed via line 6 the part 8a of the condenser 8 and is liquefied there. That from the capacitor 8 escaping condensate enters the water separator 22.
  • the water separated there Distillate is returned to the reservoir 28 by the pump 25 via the line 27 initiated. Excess solvent can in the overflow line 37 Steam pressure vessel 1 are derived. Due to the continuous distillation, a constant cleaning quality guaranteed and an enrichment of the solvent with Oils and greases can be prevented.
  • the valve 11 is closed and the actual cleaning of the Parts are made according to a selectable cleaning program.
  • valve 29 is opened, whereby the Working chamber 4 can be flooded with the solvent heated in the reservoir 28.
  • the solvent is then opened via the valves 33 and 34 and the filter 32 drained and can be pumped back into the Storage container 28 are returned.
  • valve 3 is opened, as a result of which the saturated solvent steam located in the steam generator 1 is fed via line 2 into the working chamber flows.
  • the material to be cleaned is freed of adhering fat or oil by the solvent vapor.
  • the valve 15 is opened, whereby saturated steam from the Working chamber 4 to part 8a of the air- or water-cooled condenser 8 to approximately flows to the condensation pressure of the condenser and is liquefied there. That from the Condenser 8 emerging condensate is via the water separator 22 and the pump 25 fed back to the reservoir 28.
  • a pressure-controlled shut-off valve or Overflow valve are provided, which only opens when the by the vacuum pump 18th possible pressure is reached on the pressure side. This also allows the capacitor supplied residual steam can be brought to a pressure that condensation with a Air or water cooling enabled.
  • the capacitor 8 is divided into two.
  • the capacitor can also be made in one piece if appropriate measures are taken to ensure the different pressure conditions during the different Condensation phases are taken.

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  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

Method for operating a cleaning system used for cleaning workpieces in a closable work room (4) using solvents comprises removing air from the work room, an air- or water-cooled condenser (8) and a line system (9, 12) connecting the work room and the condenser on the application of a very low negative pressure after closing the work room, cleaning the workpiece in the work room using a solvent whose saturated steam is fed to the work room by a steam generator (1), producing a first connection (14) between the work room and the condenser until the pressure has equalized between the two, interrupting the first connection and producing a second connection (16) between the work room and the condenser so that steam is sucked from the work room and compressed to a pressure at which its temperature lies above the cooling temperature of the air- or water-cooled condenser, feeding the solvent condensate formed in the condenser to the reservoir container (28), and ventilating t he work room after reaching a specified negative pressure in the work room and opening the work room. Preferred Features: After the removal of air the first and second connection are closed and remain closed during cleaning of the workpiece.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Reinigungsanlage.The invention relates to a method for operating a cleaning system.

Solche Anlagen dienen der Reinigung von Werkstücken mittels eines Lösemittels in einer verschließbaren Arbeitskammer. Als Lösemittel werden üblicherweise Kohlenwasserstoffe, Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe und Alkohole eingesetzt.Such systems are used to clean workpieces using a solvent in one lockable working chamber. Hydrocarbons are usually used as solvents, Chlorinated hydrocarbons and alcohols are used.

Bei einer bekannten Reinigungsanlage (Pero-Reinigungsanlage 2500) wird nach dem Einbringen der zu reinigenden Werkstücke in die Arbeitskammer diese verschlossen und ein Unterdruck an die Arbeitskammer angelegt, um die in der Arbeitskammer befindliche Luft weitgehend zu beseitigen. Anschließend läuft ein vorgegebenes Reinigungsprogramm ab, bei dem auch eine Dampfentfettung vorgesehen ist. Hierzu wird eine Verbindung zwischen der Arbeitskammer und einem Dampfbehälter hergestellt, wodurch Lösemitteldampf in die Arbeitskammer strömt. Nach Beendigung des Reinigungsprogramms wird ein Trockenprozeß eingeleitet, in dem ein Gebläse den Lösemitteldampf aus der Behandlungskammer zu einem Kondensator fördert. Der Kondensator besteht aus einem bei sehr tiefen Temperaturen arbeitenden Kälteaggregat, das je nach dem verwendeten Lösemittel eine Temperatur von -40°C bis -60°C aufweist. Hierdurch kondensiert der Lösemitteldampf. Um die letzten Lösemittelreste aus der Arbeitskammer zu beseitigen, wird die in der Arbeitskammer befindliche lösemittelhaltige Luft durch Anlegen eines hohen Unterdrucks abgesaugt und dem Kondensator zugeführt. Vom Kondensator gelangt die Luft zu einem Gassammelbehälter. Die Luft im Gassammelbehälter weist noch Reste des Lösemitteldampfes auf. Nunmehr wird ein Belüftungsventil geöffnet, wodurch Frischluft in die Arbeitskammer einströmen kann. Herrscht in dieser Normaldruck, wird die Arbeitskammer geöffnet und die gereinigten Werkstücke entnommen.In a known cleaning system (Pero-cleaning system 2500) is after Introducing the workpieces to be cleaned into the working chamber, they are closed and closed Vacuum applied to the working chamber to the air in the working chamber largely eliminate. A specified cleaning program then runs, at steam degreasing is also provided. For this purpose, a connection between the Working chamber and a steam container made, which causes solvent vapor in the Working chamber flows. After the cleaning program has ended, a drying process is started initiated in which a blower to the solvent vapor from the treatment chamber Capacitor promotes. The capacitor consists of a at very low temperatures working refrigeration unit, which, depending on the solvent used, a temperature of -40 ° C to -60 ° C. As a result, the solvent vapor condenses. To the last Solvent residues from the working chamber will be removed in the working chamber Exhausted solvent-containing air is extracted by applying a high vacuum and the Capacitor supplied. The air passes from the condenser to a gas collection container. The Air in the gas collection container still contains residues of the solvent vapor. Now a Ventilation valve opened, which allows fresh air to flow into the working chamber. If there is normal pressure, the working chamber is opened and the cleaned one Workpieces removed.

Der apparative Aufwand bei dieser Reinigungsanlage ist erheblich, insbesondere wegen des als Kälteaggregat ausgebildeten Kondensators. Obwohl dieser bei sehr tiefen Temperaturen arbeitet, ist es nicht möglich, die lösemittelhaltige Luft, die beim Trockenprozeß in die Behandlungskammer eingeleitet wird, nach ihrem Absaugen völlig vom Lösemittel zu befreien, so daß als zusätzlicher Aufwand ein Gassammelbehälter erforderlich ist.The expenditure on equipment in this cleaning system is considerable, in particular because of the designed as a refrigeration unit condenser. Although at very low temperatures works, it is not possible for the solvent-containing air to enter the drying process Treatment chamber is initiated, after being completely sucked off by the solvent free, so that a gas collection container is required as additional effort.

Aus der DE 195 27 317 A1 ist bereits ein Reinigungsverfahren bekannt, bei dem Lösemitteldampf nach dem Evakuieren der Arbeitskammer dieser zugeführt wird, nach dem Reinigungsvorgang mittels einer Vakuumpumpe zur Regenerierung in einen Kondensator gelangt, dass erzeugte Lösemittelkondensat einem Vorratsbehälter zugeleitet wird und in der Arbeitskammer zum Entnehmen des Reinigungsgutes eine Belüftung erfolgt.A cleaning method is already known from DE 195 27 317 A1, in which Solvent vapor is fed to the working chamber after evacuation, after which Cleaning process using a vacuum pump for regeneration in a condenser comes that generated solvent condensate is fed to a reservoir and in the Working chamber for removing the items to be cleaned is ventilated.

Es besteht die Aufgabe, das Verfahren so auszubilden, daß als Kondensator ein luft- oder wassergekühlter Kondensator verwendet werden kann.The object is to design the method in such a way that an air or water cooled condenser can be used.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar.This problem is solved with the features of claim 1. Advantageous Refinements can be found in the subclaims.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß auf die relativ teuren und wartungsintensiven Kälteaggregate verzichtet werden kann. Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sind weniger und einfacher aufgebaute Bauteile erforderlich, wodurch der Wartungsaufwand verringert und die Betriebskosten gesenkt werden können. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist es möglich, im niederen Temperaturbereich z.B. auch Kunststoffe zu reinigen, so daß die FCKW's ersetzt werden können. Aufgrund des geringen Lösemittelausstoßes kann das Verfahren auch ohne aufwendige Filter- und Rückgewinnungssysteme betrieben werden.A major advantage of the method according to the invention is that the relative expensive and maintenance-intensive refrigeration units can be dispensed with. To carry out the The process requires fewer and simpler components, which means that Maintenance costs can be reduced and operating costs can be reduced. With the The inventive method, it is possible to use e.g. also To clean plastics so that the CFCs can be replaced. Because of the low The process can also produce solvent emissions without complex filtering and Recovery systems are operated.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, die schematisch den Aufbau einer Reinigungsanlage wiedergibt.An embodiment is explained below with reference to the drawing schematically shows the structure of a cleaning system.

Die schematisch dargestellte Reinigungsanlage enthält einen Dampferzeuger 1, in dem flüssiges Lösemittel zur Erzeugung eines gesättigten Lösemitteldampfs erhitzt wird. Von dem Dampferzeuger 1 führt eine erste Dampfleitung 2 mit einem darin angeordneten Absperrventil 3 zu einer druckdicht verschließbaren Arbeitskammer 4, in der die zu reinigenden Teile während des Reinigungsvorgangs untergebracht sind. An der Arbeitskammer 4 ist ein Belüftungsventil 5 angeordnet. Von dem Dampferzeuger 1 führt eine zweite Dampfleitung 6 mit einem Dampfdruckventil 7 zu einem ersten Teil 8a eines luft- oder wassergekühlten Kondensators 8. Die Arbeitskammer 4 ist über eine erste Absaugleitung 9 mit einer ersten Vakuumpumpe 10 verbunden. In dieser Leitung 9 ist ein Ventil 11 angeordnet. Die erste Vakuumpumpe 10 steht außerdem mit dem Kondensator 8 über eine zweite Absaugleitung 12 in Verbindung, in der ein weiteres Ventil 13 zwischengeschaltet ist. Von der Arbeitskammer 4 führt ferner eine erste Zweigleitung 14 mit einem Ventil 15 zu dem ersten Teil des Kondensators 8. An die Arbeitskammer 4 ist außerdem eine zweite Zweigleitung 16 angeschlossen, die über ein Ventil 17 zu einer zweiten Vakuumpumpe 18 führt. Der Ausgang der zweiten Vakuumpumpe 18 ist über ein weiteres Ventil 19 mit dem Eingang eines Kompressors 20 verbunden, dessen Ausgang mit einem zweiten Teil 8b des Kondensators 8 in Verbindung steht.The cleaning system shown schematically contains a steam generator 1, in which liquid solvent is heated to generate a saturated solvent vapor. Of the Steam generator 1 leads a first steam line 2 with a shut-off valve arranged therein 3 to a pressure-tight lockable working chamber 4, in which the parts to be cleaned are housed during the cleaning process. At the working chamber 4 is a Ventilation valve 5 arranged. A second steam line 6 leads from the steam generator 1 with a steam pressure valve 7 to a first part 8a of an air or water-cooled Condenser 8. The working chamber 4 is connected to a first via a first suction line 9 Vacuum pump 10 connected. A valve 11 is arranged in this line 9. The first Vacuum pump 10 is also connected to the condenser 8 via a second suction line 12 in connection, in which a further valve 13 is interposed. From the work chamber 4 also leads a first branch line 14 with a valve 15 to the first part of the Capacitor 8. A second branch line 16 is also connected to the working chamber 4 connected, which leads to a second vacuum pump 18 via a valve 17. The exit the second vacuum pump 18 is connected to the input of a further valve 19 Compressor 20 connected, the output of which is connected to a second part 8b of the capacitor 8 in Connection is established.

Das im Teil 8a des zweiteilig ausgeführten Kondensators 8 verflüssigte Lösemittel läuft über eine erste Ablaufleitung 21 in einen Wasserabscheider 22 ab. Das im Teil 8b des Kondensators 8 verflüssigte Lösemittel wird über einen Kondensatabscheider 39 in die zum Wasserabscheider 22 führende Ablaufleitung 21 eingeleitet. Von dem Wasserabscheider 22 führt eine Verbindungsleitung 23 mit einem Ventil 24 zu einer Pumpe 25, durch die das Lösemitteldestillat über eine durch ein weiteres Ventil 26 absperrbare Förderleitung 27 in einen Vorratsbehälter 28 gepumpt werden kann. Von dem Vorratsbehälter 28 führt eine mit einem weiteren Ventil 29 versehene Zufuhrleitung 30 für flüssiges Lösemittel zu der Arbeitskammer 4. Über diese Leitung 30 kann das im Vorratsbehälter erwärmte flüssige Lösemittel zur Durchführung einer Badreinigung in die Arbeitskammer 4 eingeleitet werden. Zur Abführung des flüssigen Lösemittels nach erfolgter Badreinigung geht von der Arbeitskammer 4 eine zweite Ablaufleitung 31 ab, welche in die zwischen dem Wasserabscheider 22 und der Pumpe 25 angeordnete Verbindungsleitung 23 stromaufwärts der Pumpe 25 mündet. In der zweiten Ablaufleitung 31 ist ein Filter 32 zur Ausfilterung von Reinigungsrückständen zwischengeschaltet. Stromaufwärts und stromabwärts des Filters 32 ist in der Ablaufleitung 31 jeweils ein Absperrventil 33 und 34 angeordnet. Auch an dem Dampferzeuger 1 ist eine mit einem Ablaufventil 35 versehene dritte Ablaufleitung 36 vorgesehen, die ebenfalls in die Leitung 23 mündet. Zwischen dem Vorratsbehälter 28 und dem Dampferzeuger 1 verläuft außerdem eine Überlaufleitung 37 mit einem Absperrventil 38.The solvent liquefied in part 8a of the two-part condenser 8 overflows a first drain line 21 into a water separator 22. That in part 8b of Condenser 8 liquefied solvent is a condensate separator 39 in the Water separator 22 leading discharge line 21 initiated. From the water separator 22 leads a connecting line 23 with a valve 24 to a pump 25, through which the Solvent distillate via a delivery line 27 in which can be shut off by a further valve 26 a reservoir 28 can be pumped. One of the storage containers 28 carries along a further valve 29 provided supply line 30 for liquid solvent to the Working chamber 4. Via this line 30, the liquid heated in the storage container can Solvents for performing a bath cleaning are introduced into the working chamber 4. To remove the liquid solvent after the bath has been cleaned, the Working chamber 4 from a second drain line 31, which in the between Water separator 22 and the pump 25 arranged connecting line 23 upstream the pump 25 opens. In the second drain line 31 there is a filter 32 for filtering out Intermediate cleaning residues. Upstream and downstream of the filter 32 a shut-off valve 33 and 34 is arranged in the drain line 31. Also on that Steam generator 1 is a third drain line 36 provided with a drain valve 35 provided that also opens into line 23. Between the reservoir 28 and the steam generator 1 also has an overflow line 37 with a shut-off valve 38.

Mit Hilfe des Dampfdruckventils 7 wird der Dampfdruck im Dampferzeuger 1 geregelt. Das Dampfdruckventil wird bei Überschreiten eines einstellbaren Dampfdruck-Grenzwertes geöffnet und bei Unterschreiten des gewünschten Dampfdrucks geschlossen. Wenn das Dampfdruckventil 7 geöffnet ist, stellt sich in dem System ein Druck ein, der dem Gleichgewicht zwischen Verdampfer und Kondensations-Temperatur entspricht. Bei Verwendung von Trichlorethylen als Lösemittel und luftleerem System beträgt dieser Druck ca. 150 mbar. Die Dampftemperatur von Trichlorethylen bei 150 mbar liegt jedoch bei nur ca. 40°C, was z.B. zum Entfernen von erst bei 55°C schmelzenden Polierpasten nicht ausreichend ist. Die Einstellung des Dampfdruckventils kann dann z.B. so gewählt werden, daß dieses erst bei 950 mbar öffnet, was einer Dampftemperatur von ca. 83°C entspricht. Über das Dampfdruckventil kann so die für das verwendetet Lösemittel und den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck optimale Dampftemperatur festgelegt werden.With the help of the steam pressure valve 7, the steam pressure in the steam generator 1 is regulated. The Steam pressure valve is activated when an adjustable steam pressure limit value is exceeded open and closed when the desired vapor pressure is undershot. If that Steam pressure valve 7 is open, a pressure is set in the system that the Equilibrium between evaporator and condensation temperature corresponds. at When using trichlorethylene as a solvent and an air-free system, this pressure is approx. 150 mbar. The steam temperature of trichlorethylene at 150 mbar is only approx. 40 ° C, which e.g. not sufficient to remove polishing pastes that only melt at 55 ° C is. The setting of the steam pressure valve can then e.g. be chosen so that this first opens at 950 mbar, which corresponds to a steam temperature of approx. 83 ° C. About the Steam pressure valve can be used for the solvent used and the respective Optimal steam temperature for the intended use.

Die Arbeitsweise der Reinigungsanlage ist wie folgt:The cleaning system works as follows:

Vor dem eigentlichen Reinigungsbetrieb wird über die Vakuumpumpe 10 zunächst die im System befindliche Luft abgesaugt. Wenn das System luftleer ist, kann eine kontinuierliche Destillation erfolgen, ohne daß die Vakuumpumpe 10 weiterläuft. Dabei strömt der im Dampferzeuger 1 erzeugte Lösemitteldampf bei geschlossenem Ventil 3 über die Leitung 6 zu dem Teil 8a des Kondensators 8 und wird dort verflüssigt. Das aus dem Kondensator 8 austretende Kondensat gelangt in den Wasserabscheider 22. Das dort vom Wasser getrennte Destillat wird durch die Pumpe 25 über die Leitung 27 wieder in den Vorratsbehälter 28 eingeleitet. Überschüssiges Lösemittel kann über die Überlaufleitung 37 in den Dampfdruckbehälter 1 abgeleitet werden. Durch die kontinuierliche Destillation kann eine gleichbleibende Reinigungsqualität gewährleistet und eine Anreicherung des Lösemittels mit Ölen und Fetten verhindert werden.Before the actual cleaning operation, the vacuum pump 10 is first used for the Air extracted from the system. If the system is empty, a continuous one Distillation takes place without the vacuum pump 10 continuing to run. The flows in the Steam generator 1 generates solvent vapor with valve 3 closed via line 6 the part 8a of the condenser 8 and is liquefied there. That from the capacitor 8 escaping condensate enters the water separator 22. The water separated there Distillate is returned to the reservoir 28 by the pump 25 via the line 27 initiated. Excess solvent can in the overflow line 37 Steam pressure vessel 1 are derived. Due to the continuous distillation, a constant cleaning quality guaranteed and an enrichment of the solvent with Oils and greases can be prevented.

Nachdem die Arbeitskammer 4 mit den zu reinigenden Teilen befüllt und verschlossen und von der Vakuumpumpe 10 über die Leitung 9 bis zu einem Druck unterhalb von 1 mbar evakuiert wurde, wird das Ventil 11 geschlossen und es kann die eigentliche Reinigung der Teile nach einem auswählbaren Reinigungsprogramm erfolgen.After the working chamber 4 is filled with the parts to be cleaned and closed and from the vacuum pump 10 via line 9 to a pressure below 1 mbar was evacuated, the valve 11 is closed and the actual cleaning of the Parts are made according to a selectable cleaning program.

Zum Waschen der Teile in einem Reinigungsbad wird das Ventil 29 geöffnet, wodurch die Arbeitskammer 4 mit dem im Vorratsbehälter 28 erwärmten Lösemittel geflutet werden kann. Nach Beendigung der Badreinigung wird das Lösemittel über die dann geöffneten Ventile 33 und 34 sowie den Filter 32 abgelassen und kann über die Pumpe 25 wieder in den Vorratsbehälter 28 zurückgeführt werden. To wash the parts in a cleaning bath, the valve 29 is opened, whereby the Working chamber 4 can be flooded with the solvent heated in the reservoir 28. After the bath cleaning has ended, the solvent is then opened via the valves 33 and 34 and the filter 32 drained and can be pumped back into the Storage container 28 are returned.

Zur Durchführung einer Dampfentfettung wird das Ventil 3 geöffnet, wodurch der im Dampferzeuger 1 befindliche Lösemittel-Sattdampf über die Leitung 2 in die Arbeitskammer
strömt. In der Arbeitskammer 1 wird das zu reinigende Gut durch den Lösemitteldampf von anhaftendem Fett oder Öl befreit.To carry out steam degreasing, the valve 3 is opened, as a result of which the saturated solvent steam located in the steam generator 1 is fed via line 2 into the working chamber
flows. In the working chamber 1, the material to be cleaned is freed of adhering fat or oil by the solvent vapor.

Am Ende dieses Reinigungsschrittes wird das Ventil 15 geöffnet, wodurch Sattdampf aus der Arbeitskammer 4 zum Teil 8a des luft- oder wassergekühlten Kondensators 8 bis annähernd zum Kondensationsdruck des Kondensators strömt und dort verflüssigt wird. Das aus dem Kondensator 8 austretende Kondensat wird über den Wasserabscheider 22 und die Pumpe 25 wieder dem Vorratsbehälter 28 zugeführt.At the end of this cleaning step, the valve 15 is opened, whereby saturated steam from the Working chamber 4 to part 8a of the air- or water-cooled condenser 8 to approximately flows to the condensation pressure of the condenser and is liquefied there. That from the Condenser 8 emerging condensate is via the water separator 22 and the pump 25 fed back to the reservoir 28.

Stellt sich ein Druckausgleich zwischen der Arbeitskammer 4 und dem Teil 8a des Kondensators 8 ein, wird das Ventil 15 geschlossen und das Ventil 17 geöffnet. Über die zweite Vakuumpumpe 18 wird der noch in der Arbeitskammer 4 befindliche restliche Lösemitteldampf abgesaugt und durch den Kompressor 20 verdichtet. Über den Kompressor 20 wird der Druck so erhöht, daß der restliche Lösemitteldampf durch eine Luft- oder Wasserkühlung auskondensiert werden kann. Die Druckerhöhung hängt vom verwendeten Lösemittel ab. Bei Verwendung von z.B. Trichlorethylen oder Perchlorethylen als Lösemittel wird der Druck auf über 1 bar erhöht. Bei Verwendung von Methylchlorid wird der Druck auf mehr als 2 bar erhöht. Dadurch wird der Lösemitteldampf derart warm, daß er mit einer Luftoder Wasserkühlung leicht kondensierbar ist. Der über den Kompressor 20 verdichtete Dampf wird so im Teil 8b des Kondensators 8 verflüssigt und das Kondensat kann über den Kondensatabscheider 39 und den Wasserabscheider 22 wieder dem Vorratsbehälter 28 zugeführt werden.Is there a pressure equalization between the working chamber 4 and part 8a of the A capacitor 8, the valve 15 is closed and the valve 17 is opened. About the second vacuum pump 18 is the remaining one still in the working chamber 4 Solvent vapor is sucked off and compressed by the compressor 20. About the compressor 20 the pressure is increased so that the remaining solvent vapor through an air or Water cooling can be condensed out. The pressure increase depends on the used Solvent. When using e.g. Trichlorethylene or perchlorethylene as a solvent the pressure is increased to over 1 bar. When using methyl chloride, the pressure is on increased more than 2 bar. As a result, the solvent vapor becomes so warm that it is mixed with an air or Water cooling is easily condensable. The vapor compressed by the compressor 20 is liquefied in part 8b of the condenser 8 and the condensate can be via the Condensate separator 39 and the water separator 22 again the reservoir 28 are fed.

Anstelle des Kompressors 20 kann auch ein druckgesteuertes Absperrventil bzw. Überströmventil vorgesehen werden, das erst öffnet, wenn der durch die Vakuumpumpe 18 druckseitig mögliche Druck erreicht wird. Auch dadurch kann der dem Kondensator zugeführte Restdampf auf einen Druck gebracht werden, der eine Kondensation mit einer Luft- oder Wasserkühlung ermöglicht. Instead of the compressor 20, a pressure-controlled shut-off valve or Overflow valve are provided, which only opens when the by the vacuum pump 18th possible pressure is reached on the pressure side. This also allows the capacitor supplied residual steam can be brought to a pressure that condensation with a Air or water cooling enabled.

Sind die restlichen Lösemitteldämpfe aus der Arbeitskammer 4 abgesaugt, dann wird das Ventil 17 geschlossen. Das Belüftungsventil 5 kann nunmehr geöffnet werden, wodurch Frischluft in die Arbeitskammer 4 strömt. Herrscht ein Druckausgleich zwischen der Umgebung und der Arbeitskammer 4, kann diese geöffnet und die gereinigten Werkstücke können entnommen werden.If the remaining solvent vapors are sucked out of the working chamber 4, then it will Valve 17 closed. The ventilation valve 5 can now be opened, whereby Fresh air flows into the working chamber 4. Is there a pressure equalization between the Environment and the working chamber 4, this can be opened and the cleaned workpieces can be removed.

Bei dem vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Kondensator 8 zweigeteilt. Der Kondensator kann aber auch einteilig ausgeführt sein, wenn entsprechende Maßnahmen zur Gewährleitung der unterschiedlichen Druckverhältnisse während der unterschiedlichen Kondensationsphasen getroffen werden.In the embodiment described above, the capacitor 8 is divided into two. The capacitor can also be made in one piece if appropriate measures are taken to ensure the different pressure conditions during the different Condensation phases are taken.

Claims (3)

Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Reinigungsanlage, die eine verschließbare Arbeitskammer (4) zur Behandlung eines Reinigungsguts mit einem Lösemittel, einen Dampferzeuger (1) zur Erzeugung eines Lösemittel-Sattdampfs, eine Vakuumpumpe (18) zum Abpumpen des Lösemittel-Sattdampfs aus der Arbeitskammer (4) nach der Behandlung des Reinigungsguts mit dem Lösemittel-Sattdampf, einen Kondensator (8) zur Kondensation des Lösemitteldampfs und eine Pumpe (25) zur Rückführung des Lösemittelkondensats in einen Vorratsbehälter (28) enthält, mit folgenden Verfahrensschritten: a) Entfernen der Luft aus der Arbeitskammer (4), dem Kondensator (8) und aus einem Leitungssystem (9, 12), das Arbeitskammer (4) und Kondensator (8) miteinander verbindet, durch Anlegen eines hohen Unterdrucks nach dem Verschließen der Arbeitskammer (4), b) Reinigen des Reinigungsguts in der Arbeitskammer (4) durch das Lösemittel, wobei zuletzt Lösemittel-Sattdampf vom Dampferzeuger (1) der Arbeitskammer (4) zugeführt wird, c) Herstellen einer ersten Verbindung (14) zwischen der Arbeitskammer (4) und dem Kondensator (8), bei dem es sich um einen luft- oder wassergekühlten Kondensator handelt, bis ein Druckausgleich zwischen der Arbeitskammer (4) und dem Kondensator (8) vorhanden ist, d) Unterbrechen der ersten Verbindung (14) und Herstellen einer zweiten Verbindung (16) zwischen der Arbeitskammer (4) und dem Kondensator (8), wonach Dampf von der Arbeitskammer (4) abgesaugt und auf einen Druck verdichtet wird, bei welchem seine Temperatur über der Kühltemperatur des luft- oder wassergekühlten Kondensators (8) liegt, e) Zuführen des im Kondensator (8) erzeugten Lösemittelkondensats zum Vorratsbehälter (28) während der Schritte c) und d) und f) Belüften der Arbeitskammer (4) nach Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Unterdrucks in der Arbeitskammer (1) und Öffnen der Arbeitskammer (1). Method for operating a cleaning system, comprising a closable working chamber (4) for treating a cleaning material with a solvent, a steam generator (1) for generating saturated solvent steam, a vacuum pump (18) for pumping out the saturated solvent steam from the working chamber (4) after the treatment of the items to be cleaned with the saturated solvent vapor, contains a condenser (8) for condensing the solvent vapor and a pump (25) for returning the solvent condensate to a storage container (28), with the following process steps: a) Removing the air from the working chamber (4), the condenser (8) and from a line system (9, 12) connecting the working chamber (4) and condenser (8) to one another by applying a high vacuum after closing the working chamber (4) b) cleaning the items to be cleaned in the working chamber (4) by the solvent, lastly saturated solvent steam being fed from the steam generator (1) to the working chamber (4), c) Establishing a first connection (14) between the working chamber (4) and the condenser (8), which is an air- or water-cooled condenser, until a pressure equalization between the working chamber (4) and the condenser (8) is available, d) interrupting the first connection (14) and establishing a second connection (16) between the working chamber (4) and the condenser (8), after which steam is drawn off from the working chamber (4) and compressed to a pressure at which its temperature is above the cooling temperature of the air-cooled or water-cooled condenser (8), e) supplying the solvent condensate generated in the condenser (8) to the reservoir (28) during steps c) and d) and f) venting the working chamber (4) after reaching a predetermined negative pressure in the working chamber (1) and opening the working chamber (1). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Entfernen der Luft die erste und die zweite Verbindung verschlossen und während des Reinigens des Reinigungsguts verschlossen gehalten werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that after removing the air, the first and the second connection are closed and kept closed during the cleaning of the items to be cleaned. Verfahren nach nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu entfernende Luft abgekühlt wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the air to be removed is cooled.
EP02007976A 2001-04-12 2002-04-10 Method for operating a cleaning device Expired - Lifetime EP1249263B1 (en)

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DE10118601 2001-04-12
DE10118601A DE10118601C1 (en) 2001-04-12 2001-04-12 Process for operating a cleaning system

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CN103128074B (en) * 2011-11-25 2016-06-22 株式会社Ihi Vacuum cleaner and vacuum cleaned method

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EP0581113A1 (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-02-02 S.VE.D.A. S.R.L. Società Veneta Depuratori e Affini Process and plant for degreasing mechanical parts
US5304253A (en) * 1990-09-12 1994-04-19 Baxter International Inc. Method for cleaning with a volatile solvent
DE19527317A1 (en) * 1994-07-27 1996-02-01 Serec Partners Fully closed circuit dry cleaning system
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US5304253A (en) * 1990-09-12 1994-04-19 Baxter International Inc. Method for cleaning with a volatile solvent
EP0581113A1 (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-02-02 S.VE.D.A. S.R.L. Società Veneta Depuratori e Affini Process and plant for degreasing mechanical parts
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EP1249263A3 (en) 2003-01-22
DE10118601C1 (en) 2002-08-14
EP1249263B1 (en) 2007-01-24
DE50209322D1 (en) 2007-03-15

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