EP1249027B1 - Electric switch - Google Patents

Electric switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1249027B1
EP1249027B1 EP01907375A EP01907375A EP1249027B1 EP 1249027 B1 EP1249027 B1 EP 1249027B1 EP 01907375 A EP01907375 A EP 01907375A EP 01907375 A EP01907375 A EP 01907375A EP 1249027 B1 EP1249027 B1 EP 1249027B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
contact
housing
delay
delay means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01907375A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1249027A1 (en
Inventor
Alois Schäffeler
Alfons Steidle
Paul Leibinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marquardt GmbH
Original Assignee
Marquardt GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1249027A1 publication Critical patent/EP1249027A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1249027B1 publication Critical patent/EP1249027B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02Details
    • H01H21/18Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H21/36Driving mechanisms
    • H01H21/52Driving mechanisms with means for introducing a predetermined time delay
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/54Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand the operating part having at least five or an unspecified number of operative positions
    • H01H19/60Angularly-movable actuating part carrying no contacts
    • H01H19/635Contacts actuated by rectilinearly-movable member linked to operating part, e.g. by pin and slot
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/002Application electric motor braking, e.g. pole reversal of rotor, shorting motor coils, also for field discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Such electrical switches are used in electric hand tools, such as drills, Angle grinders, circular saws, routers, hedge trimmers or the like are used. In particular it can be power tools that are operated with direct current. In addition, such switches can switch with a delay, for example for one Soft start when switching on and / or for short-circuit braking of the power tool.
  • DE 42 32 402 A1 describes a short-circuit braking of the power tool suitable electrical switch known.
  • This switch has at least one Contact system that switches one between an off and an on position movable switch contact and one in the on position with the switch contact cooperating fixed contact.
  • the switch contact acts to switch over manually movable actuator.
  • the switch also has one Delay means for delaying the switching movement in the one switching position is in operative connection with the switch contact.
  • the delay means designed in the manner of a delay drum is in the housing the switch in the immediate vicinity, located below the contact system.
  • the Actuator is located above the contact system on the opposite one Side of the case.
  • the switch is therefore of a considerable size, which is often the case with the confined space in the power tool can be a hindrance.
  • They are Means for the operative connection between the delay drum and the switching contact complex.
  • the preparation of the agents is expensive and their assembly is complex.
  • the influence of errors in the operation of the switch cannot be excluded in all cases. especially when switching to the other switch position, one cannot desired delay of the switching movement of the switching contact occur.
  • the invention has for its object a switch that one with the switch contact cooperating delay means, in a small size and / or with a error-prone switchover delay to create a switch position.
  • This task is performed in a generic electrical switch by characterizing features of claim 1 solved.
  • a particularly compact switch is created in that the delay means and the actuating element are arranged on the same side of the contact system, on this side of the housing a slide articulated to the actuator, is located and the delay means is arranged in the extension of the slide.
  • a switch that operates particularly reliably is additionally created by that the operative connection between the delay means and the switching contact in the Switching movement of the switching contact in the other switching position, in particular in the Off switch position is reduced such that the switch contact is essentially moved to the other switch position without delay.
  • the contact system is arranged in a housing. preferably, there are up to four consecutive contact systems in the housing. For example, two contact systems are used for the power supply with one Soft start when switching on the electric motor of the power tool, the third Contact system for short-circuiting the electric motor for braking the Power tool when turning off the power, and the fourth Contact system as a bridge to the full power supply of the electric motor Power tool after soft start.
  • the actuator can be movably mounted on the top of the housing.
  • a Training is in the housing leading, acting on a slide on Actuator articulated.
  • the switch contact is on the slide using an elastic
  • Carriage used to generate the pressure point for the switching movement with the Housing cooperating first spring can be arranged.
  • Carriage used to generate the pressure point for the switching movement with the Housing cooperating first spring can be arranged.
  • the slider cooperating, supporting a snap switching movement second spring may be arranged.
  • one can be reset on the slide serving third spring.
  • a guide channel for is located on the top of the housing the slider. It then lends itself to the delay means on the top in the housing and to be arranged in the extension of the guide channel.
  • the delay means can be used as one Deceleration drum can be formed. It is preferably on the top of the housing a housing approach, which is in particular approximately semi-cylindrical, for Recording and storage arranged for the delay drum.
  • the delay means has a viscous liquid filled cylinder drum and a shaft arranged in the cylinder drum, so that the cylinder drum is movable damped relative to the shaft.
  • a transmission element can then act on the switching contact by means of counter teeth from the Cylinder drum can be moved damped.
  • the slide is against the elastic means for storage of the switching contact acting sliding element movably mounted.
  • the transmission element can then be coupled to the sliding element such that against the elastic
  • the force exerted during the switching movement of the switching contact is that of the Retarding force exerted inhibitory force to delay the switching movement acts.
  • the transmission element is an approximately circular one Ring element designed.
  • a stub shaft On the periphery facing away from the sliding element Ring element can be arranged a stub shaft, which in a bearing in Housing approach engages for the rotation of the ring member, the angle of rotation is particularly determined by stops in the housing approach.
  • Another training is the counter toothing in the manner of a Attach the internal toothing to the ring element.
  • the internal toothing be designed approximately in a circular section.
  • the sliding element can be approximately U-shaped Have receptacle in which the approach on the ring element engages. Can continue the switching contact and the sliding element on the side facing away from the delay means of the carriage.
  • the U-shaped receptacle can be broken through in the Project the carriage on the side of the carriage facing the deceleration device.
  • the transmission element has two ring elements which approximately by the height of the cylinder drum for the delay means from each other are spaced.
  • the Approaches can be used as a rod element connecting the two ring elements be trained.
  • the rod element can finally be approximately in the middle Have cross-sectional reduction with which the rod element in the U-shaped receptacle engages on the sliding element.
  • the electrical Switch has only a small installation space in the high performance Power tool required.
  • the switch is therefore particularly suitable for installation in slim, Ergonomically shaped handles of power tools are suitable. Because the Effectiveness of the delay means can be limited to one switching direction, goes out any arc that may occur when the power tool is switched off, with what destruction of the contact system is effectively prevented and the service life of the Switch is extended.
  • the switch is therefore for high currents, especially for DC applications, suitable.
  • the switch can also be used as a brake switch possible. With the design of the coupling between the delay means and the switching contact effecting transmission element succeeds in that Transmission element, despite its compactness, larger angular paths with little Can take up space. This in turn advantageously ensures that longer delay times can also be set as desired.
  • the switch has also comparatively few individual parts, making it very inexpensive to manufacture.
  • Fig. 1 an electrical switch 1 can be seen, which is used in electric hand tools becomes.
  • Power tools can include drills, angle grinders, Trade circular saws, routers, hedge trimmers or the like.
  • the electrical Switch 1 suitable for powerful power tools that operate with direct current become.
  • Switch 1 is also suitable for power tools with a soft start and / or an electrical short-circuit braking system.
  • the switch 1 has a housing 2 in which at least one contact system 3 is arranged.
  • Two contact systems 3a, 3b serve for the voltage supply with one Soft start when switching on the electric motor of the power tool.
  • For smooth start is, for example, a series resistor in the power supply to the electric motor connected.
  • the fourth contact system 3d can be used to bridge the series resistor full power supply of the electric motor of the power tool after completion of the Serve soft start.
  • the third contact system 3c short-circuits the Electric motor of the power tool when switching off the power supply, with what rapid braking of the electric motor is achieved.
  • the contact system 3 has one between two switch positions, namely an off switch position and an on-switch position, switchable movable switch contact 4 and a fixed contact 5.
  • switch positions namely an off switch position and an on-switch position
  • switchable movable switch contact 4 In the ON switch position, the switch contact 4 is on the fixed contact 5 and interacts with it to close the electrical connection.
  • the switching contact 4 In the From the switching position, the switching contact 4 is removed from the fixed contact 5, so that the electrical Connection is broken.
  • a switching contact 4 acts on Fig. 1 visible, on the top 7 of the housing 2 movably mounted actuator 6, which is thus manually movable. 3, is in the housing 2nd further a delay means 8 arranged to delay the switching movement of the switching contact 4 in at least one of the two switching positions with the switching contact 4 is in operative connection.
  • the delay means 8 is involved in the present case the switching contact 4 of the fourth contact system 3d for bridging the series resistor with a certain delay caused by the end of the soft start of the Electric motor is determined together.
  • the delay means 8 and the actuator 6 are now on the same side of the contact system 3, namely on the top 7 of the housing 2, arranged.
  • the delay means 8 does not require any significant additional Space required in switch 1, which gives a particularly compact switch 1.
  • the delay means 8 is only for delay the switchover movement in the one switching position, namely during the switchover movement in the ON switch position, with the switch contact 4 in operative connection.
  • This alternative / supplement Design is particularly advantageous in a switch 1 for a power tool, the is operated by means of direct current.
  • a first spring 10 of the type is on the carriage 9 Pressure point spring arranged.
  • One of the first springs 10 is located in the housing 2 assigned switching point backdrop 14.
  • the first spring 10 now acts when actuated of the actuator 6 via the slide 15 caused movement of the carriage 9 with the compared to the slide 9 fixed switching point backdrop 14 in the sense of a Pressure point generation in such a way that a spring force against the Direction of movement of the carriage 9 up to that when the pressure point is overcome reached switchover point is effective.
  • the stored spring energy of the first spring 10 free, so that the carriage 9 with a kind of Snap movement between its two positions is switchable.
  • a guide channel 16 for the slide 15 is located on the top 7 of the housing 2 . It can then offer that Delay means 8 on the top 7 in the housing 2, expediently in To extend extension of the guide channel 16. Is the delay means 8 in Art a delay drum, so can be used for recording and storage Delay drum on the top 7 of the housing 2, a housing attachment 17 is present be designed in a semi-cylindrical shape.
  • this has the form of a delay drum Delay means 8 a cylinder drum 18 and 10 filled with a viscous liquid a shaft 19 arranged in the cylinder drum 18.
  • This is the cylinder drum 18 movable relative to the shaft 19 damped.
  • a shaft end 31 of the shaft 19 protrudes from one Side out of the cylinder drum 18 so that the shaft end 31 for storing the Delay means 8 in the housing shoulder 17 is used.
  • On the cylinder drum 18 is one Toothing 21, in the manner of a pinion, on the shaft end 31st opposite side of the cylinder drum 18 attached.
  • a transmission element 20 which can be moved damped by the cylinder drum 18 by means of counter-toothing 22, serves to act on the switching contact 4, so as to switch contact 4 with a Switch delay time.
  • the delay time is due to the viscosity the liquid in the cylinder drum 18 and the other through the Gear ratio of toothing 21 and counter toothing 22 and by Size of the lever arm caused by the transmission element 20 is determined.
  • the Design by the toothing 21 with the counter toothing 22 results despite less Height of the transmission element 20, which is conducive to a small switch 1, large angular paths for the transmission element 20. This in turn gives the possibility also set longer delay times.
  • With the switch-on delay for the Soft start of the power tool can, for example, have a delay time of a few hundred milliseconds up to several seconds can be selected.
  • the transmission element 20 is with the Sliding element 23 coupled such that that exerted by the delay means 8 inhibitory force acts on the compression spring 13.
  • This inhibitory force works against exerted by the compression spring 13 on the switching contact 4 in the direction of the fixed contact 5 Force. Consequently, when the switching contact 4 moves in the direction of the on-switching position a delay of this switching movement causes, as far as the Switch contact 4 only the forces from the compression spring 13 and the delay means 8 act.
  • the switching contact 4 in FIG Direction to the off switch position the restoring force of the third spring 12 and optionally the first and second springs 10, 11 via a stop visible in FIG. 2 24 in the carriage 9 directly on the switching contact 4, which is an inhibitory effect of Delay means 8 can not affect and the switching contact 4 is essentially moved without delay.
  • the delay means 8 is therefore in the on-switch position effectively coupled into the movement of the switching contact 4 and at the movement in the off-switching position from the sequence of movements of the switching contact 4 in essentially decoupled.
  • Transmission element 20 is configured as an approximately circular ring element 25.
  • a stub shaft 26 arranged, which engages in a bearing point 27 shown in FIG. 5 in the housing attachment 17, so that the ring member 25 is rotatable by a certain angle. This angle can be fixed by stops 32 in the housing shoulder 17.
  • Approximately the stub shaft 26 opposite to the periphery of the ring element 25 is an extension 28 for the coupling attached with the sliding element 23. The angle around which the ring element 25 can rotate determines the effectiveness of the coupling between the delay means 8 and the sliding element 23 by means of the transmission element 20 and the Delay Time.
  • the counter toothing 22 is in the manner of an internal toothing on the ring element 25, specifically attached as an approximately circular section-shaped internal toothing.
  • the sliding element 23 has an approximately U-shaped receptacle 29 into which the attachment 28 on the ring element 25 engages for coupling.
  • the switch contact 4 and the sliding element 23 are on the Delay means 8 remote side of the carriage 9 arranged. To the To permit coupling engagement, the U-shaped receptacle 29 therefore projects through one Breakthrough 30 in the carriage 9 on the side facing the delay means 8 Slide out 9.
  • the transmission element 20 two ring elements 25, which are approximately at the height of the cylinder drum 18 for the Delay means 8 are spaced apart.
  • On each ring element 25 is a stub shaft 26 for mounting the transmission element 20 in one assigned bearing 27 located in the housing shoulder 17. Only on that Is shaft end 31 of the shaft 19 of the delay means 8 facing away from the ring element 25 an internal toothing is fitted as counter toothing 22.
  • the approaches 28 are as one two ring elements 25 connecting rod element formed.
  • the rod element has a cross-sectional reduction, not shown in the middle, with which the rod element engages in the U-shaped receptacle 29 on the sliding element 23.
  • the invention is not based on the described and illustrated embodiment limited. So the switch according to the invention can not only in Power tools are used, but can also be used in electrical garden tools, find electrical household appliances or the like.

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  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric switch (1) for electric hand tools such as drills, right-angle grinders, circular saws, surface milling cutters, hedge clippers, or similar. Said switch comprises at least one contact system (3) with a switching contact (4) that can be displaced to switch between an open and a closed position and a fixed contact (5) that interacts with the switching contact (4) in the closed position. The switch (1) has an actuating organ (6) which acts upon the switching contact (4) to effect the switching operation. Delay means (8) which co-operate with the switching contact (4) are provided in the switch (1) to delay the switch from being displaced into at least one of the two switching positions, in particular into the closed position. The delay means (8) and the actuating organ (6) are located on the same side of the contact system (3). Alternatively or in addition, the co-operation between the delay means (8) and the switching contact (4) during the displacement of the switching contact (4) into the other switching position, in particular into the open position, is reduced to such a degree, that the switching contact (4) is essentially displaced into the other switching position without delay.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Schalter nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Derartige elektrische Schalter werden in Elektrohandwerkzeugen, wie Bohrmaschinen, Winkelschleifer, Kreissägen, Oberfräsen, Heckenscheren o. dgl., verwendet. Insbesondere kann es sich dabei um Elektrowerkzeuge handeln, die mit Gleichstrom betrieben werden. Außerdem können solche Schalter mit einer Verzögerung schalten, beispielsweise für einen Sanftanlauf beim Einschalten und/oder fiir eine Kurzschlußbremsung des Elektrowerkzeugs.Such electrical switches are used in electric hand tools, such as drills, Angle grinders, circular saws, routers, hedge trimmers or the like are used. In particular it can be power tools that are operated with direct current. In addition, such switches can switch with a delay, for example for one Soft start when switching on and / or for short-circuit braking of the power tool.

Aus der DE 42 32 402 A1 ist ein für eine Kurzschlußbremsung des Elektrowerkzeugs geeigneter elektrischer Schalter bekannt. Dieser Schalter weist wenigstens ein Kontaktsystem auf, das einen zwischen einer Aus- und einer Ein-Schaltstellung umschaltend bewegbaren Schaltkontakt sowie einen in der Ein-Schaltstellung mit dem Schaltkontakt zusammenwirkenden Festkontakt besitzt. Zur Umschaltung wirkt auf den Schaltkontakt ein manuell bewegliches Betätigungsorgan ein. Weiter besitzt der Schalter ein Verzögerungsmittel, das zur Verzögerung der Umschaltbewegung in die eine Schaltstellung mit dem Schaltkontakt in Wirkverbindung steht.DE 42 32 402 A1 describes a short-circuit braking of the power tool suitable electrical switch known. This switch has at least one Contact system that switches one between an off and an on position movable switch contact and one in the on position with the switch contact cooperating fixed contact. The switch contact acts to switch over manually movable actuator. The switch also has one Delay means for delaying the switching movement in the one switching position is in operative connection with the switch contact.

Das in der Art einer Verzögerungstrommel ausgestaltete Verzögerungsmittel ist im Gehäuse des Schalters in unmittelbarer Nähe, unterhalb des Kontaktsystems angeordnet. Das Betätigungsorgan befindet sich oberhalb des Kontaktsystems, an der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Gehäuses. Der Schalter weist daher eine beachtliche Größe auf, was bei den oft beengten Platzverhältnissen im Elektrowerkzeug hinderlich sein kann. Außerdem sind die Mittel für die Wirkverbindung zwischen der Verzögerungstrommel und dem Schaltkontakt komplex ausgestaltet. Die Herstellung der Mittel ist teuer und deren Montage aufwendig. Fehlereinflüsse im Betrieb des Schalters lassen sich nicht in allen Fällen ausschließen, insbesondere kann auch beim Umschalten in die andere Schaltstellung eine nicht gewünschte Verzögerung der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts auftreten.The delay means designed in the manner of a delay drum is in the housing the switch in the immediate vicinity, located below the contact system. The Actuator is located above the contact system on the opposite one Side of the case. The switch is therefore of a considerable size, which is often the case with the confined space in the power tool can be a hindrance. Besides, they are Means for the operative connection between the delay drum and the switching contact complex. The preparation of the agents is expensive and their assembly is complex. The influence of errors in the operation of the switch cannot be excluded in all cases. especially when switching to the other switch position, one cannot desired delay of the switching movement of the switching contact occur.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schalter, der ein mit dem Schaltkontakt zusammenwirkendes Verzögerungsmittel besitzt, in kleinbauender Größe und/oder mit einer fehlerunanfälligen Umschaltverzögerung in die eine Schaltstellung zu schaffen.The invention has for its object a switch that one with the switch contact cooperating delay means, in a small size and / or with a error-prone switchover delay to create a switch position.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen elektrischen Schalter durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This task is performed in a generic electrical switch by characterizing features of claim 1 solved.

Ein besonders kompakter Schalter wird dadurch geschaffen, daß das Verzögerungsmittel und das Betätigungsorgan an derselben Seite des Kontaktsystems angeordnet sind, wobei an dieser Seite des Gehäuses ein an Betätigungsorgan angelenkter Schieber, befindlich ist und das Verzögerungsmittel in Verlängerung des Schiebers angeordnet ist.A particularly compact switch is created in that the delay means and the actuating element are arranged on the same side of the contact system, on this side of the housing a slide articulated to the actuator, is located and the delay means is arranged in the extension of the slide.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Ein besonders betriebssicher arbeitender Schalter wird ergänzend dadurch geschaffen, daß die Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Verzögerungsmittel und dem Schaltkontakt bei der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts in die andere Schaltstellung, insbesondere in die Aus-Schaltstellung, derart verringert ist, daß sich der Schaltkontakt im wesentlichen unverzögert in die andere Schaltstellung bewegt.On A switch that operates particularly reliably is additionally created by that the operative connection between the delay means and the switching contact in the Switching movement of the switching contact in the other switching position, in particular in the Off switch position is reduced such that the switch contact is essentially moved to the other switch position without delay.

Im allgemeinen ist das Kontaktsystem in einem Gehäuse angeordnet. Bevorzugterweise befinden sich bis zu vier hintereinanderliegende Kontaktsysteme im Gehäuse. Beispielsweise dienen davon zwei Kontaktsysteme für die Spannungsversorgung mit einem Sanftanlauf beim Einschalten des Elektromotors des Elektrowerkzeugs, das dritte Kontaktsystem zum Kurzschließen des Elektromotors für das Bremsen des Elektrowerkzeugs beim Abschalten der Spannungsversorgung, und das vierte Kontaktsystem als Überbrückung zur vollen Spannungsversorgung des Elektromotors des Elektrowerkzeugs nach Beendigung des Sanftanlaufs. In general, the contact system is arranged in a housing. preferably, there are up to four consecutive contact systems in the housing. For example, two contact systems are used for the power supply with one Soft start when switching on the electric motor of the power tool, the third Contact system for short-circuiting the electric motor for braking the Power tool when turning off the power, and the fourth Contact system as a bridge to the full power supply of the electric motor Power tool after soft start.

Das Betätigungsorgan kann an der Oberseite des Gehäuses beweglich gelagert sein. In einer Ausbildung ist ein in das Gehäuse führender, auf einen Schlitten einwirkender Schieber am Betätigungsorgan angelenkt. Der Schaltkontakt ist am Schlitten mit Hilfe eines elastischen Mittels, beispielsweise mittels einer Druckfeder, elastisch gelagert. Weiterhin kann am Schlitten eine zur Druckpunkterzeugung für die Umschaltbewegung dienende, mit dem Gehäuse zusammenwirkende erste Feder angeordnet sein. Zusätzlich kann noch eine mit dem Schieber zusammenwirkende, eine schnappende Umschaltbewegung unterstützende zweite Feder angeordnet sein. Darüber hinaus kann am Schieber eine zur Rückstellung dienende dritte Feder befindlich sein.The actuator can be movably mounted on the top of the housing. In a Training is in the housing leading, acting on a slide on Actuator articulated. The switch contact is on the slide using an elastic By means of, for example by means of a compression spring, elastically supported. Furthermore, on Carriage used to generate the pressure point for the switching movement, with the Housing cooperating first spring can be arranged. In addition, one can also use the slider cooperating, supporting a snap switching movement second spring may be arranged. In addition, one can be reset on the slide serving third spring.

In einer Weiterbildung befindet sich an der Oberseite des Gehäuses ein Führungskanal für den Schieber. Es bietet sich dann an, das Verzögerungsmittel an der Oberseite im Gehäuse und in Verlängerung des Führungskanals anzuordnen. Das Verzögerungsmittel kann als eine Verzögerungstrommel ausgebildet sein. Bevorzugterweise ist an der Oberseite des Gehäuses ein Gehäuseansatz, der insbesondere in etwa halbzylinderförmig ausgestaltet ist, zur Aufnahme und Lagerung für die Verzögerungstrommel angeordnet.In a further development, a guide channel for is located on the top of the housing the slider. It then lends itself to the delay means on the top in the housing and to be arranged in the extension of the guide channel. The delay means can be used as one Deceleration drum can be formed. It is preferably on the top of the housing a housing approach, which is in particular approximately semi-cylindrical, for Recording and storage arranged for the delay drum.

In einer Ausgestaltung weist das Verzögerungsmittel eine mit einer viskosen Flüssigkeit gefüllte Zylindertrommel und eine in der Zylindertrommel angeordnete Welle auf, so daß die Zylindertrommel relativ zur Welle gedämpft bewegbar ist. Es kann ein Wellenende an einer Seite aus der Zylindertrommel herausragen. Weiter kann an der Zylindertrommel eine Verzahnung, insbesondere in der Art eines Ritzels an der dem Wellenende gegenüberliegenden Seite der Zylindertrommel, angebracht sein. Ein Übertragungselement kann dann zur Einwirkung auf den Schaltkontakt mittels einer Gegenverzahnung von der Zylindertrommel gedämpft bewegbar sein.In one embodiment, the delay means has a viscous liquid filled cylinder drum and a shaft arranged in the cylinder drum, so that the cylinder drum is movable damped relative to the shaft. There may be a shaft end protrude from one side of the cylinder drum. A further can be on the cylinder drum Toothing, especially in the manner of a pinion on the shaft end opposite side of the cylinder drum. A transmission element can then act on the switching contact by means of counter teeth from the Cylinder drum can be moved damped.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist im Schlitten ein gegen das elastische Mittel für die Lagerung des Schaltkontakts wirkendes Schiebeelement beweglich gelagert. Das Übertragungselement kann dann mit dem Schiebeelement derart gekoppelt sein, daß gegen die vom elastischen Mittel bei der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts ausgeübte Kraft die von dem Verzögerungsmittel ausgeübte hemmende Kraft zur Verzögerung der Umschaltbewegung wirkt. In a further embodiment, the slide is against the elastic means for storage of the switching contact acting sliding element movably mounted. The transmission element can then be coupled to the sliding element such that against the elastic The force exerted during the switching movement of the switching contact is that of the Retarding force exerted inhibitory force to delay the switching movement acts.

In einer Weiterbildung ist das Übertragungselement als ein in etwa kreisförmiges Ringelement ausgestaltet. An der dem Schiebeelement abgewandten Peripherie des Ringelements kann ein Wellenstumpf angeordnet sein, der in eine Lagerstelle im Gehäuseansatz für die Drehung des Ringelements eingreift, wobei der Drehwinkel insbesondere durch Anschläge im Gehäuseansatz festgelegt ist. In etwa dem Wellenstumpf gegenüberliegend kann an der Peripherie des Ringelements ein Ansatz für die Kopplung mit dem Schiebeelement angebracht sein.In one development, the transmission element is an approximately circular one Ring element designed. On the periphery facing away from the sliding element Ring element can be arranged a stub shaft, which in a bearing in Housing approach engages for the rotation of the ring member, the angle of rotation is particularly determined by stops in the housing approach. About the stump of the wave on the opposite side there can be an approach for coupling to the periphery of the ring element be attached to the sliding element.

Als weitere Ausbildung bietet sich an, die Gegenverzahnung in der Art einer Innenverzahnung am Ringelement anzubringen. Beispielsweise kann die Innenverzahnung in etwa kreisabschnittsförmig ausgestaltet sein. Das Schiebeelement kann eine in etwa U-formige Aufnahme besitzen, in die der Ansatz am Ringelement eingreift. Weiterhin können der Schaltkontakt und das Schiebelement an der dem Verzögerungsmittel abgewandten Seite des Schlittens angeordnet sein. Die U-förmige Aufnahme kann durch einen Durchbruch im Schlitten an der dem Verzögerungsmittel zugewandten Seite des Schlittens herausragen.Another training is the counter toothing in the manner of a Attach the internal toothing to the ring element. For example, the internal toothing be designed approximately in a circular section. The sliding element can be approximately U-shaped Have receptacle in which the approach on the ring element engages. Can continue the switching contact and the sliding element on the side facing away from the delay means of the carriage. The U-shaped receptacle can be broken through in the Project the carriage on the side of the carriage facing the deceleration device.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist das Übertragungselement zwei Ringelemente auf, die in etwa um die Höhe der Zylindertrommel für das Verzögerungsmittel voneinander beabstandet sind. Bevorzugterweise befindet sich an jedem Ringelement jeweils ein Wellenstumpf zur Lagerung des Übertragungselements in jeweils einer zugeordneten Lagerstelle im Gehäuseansatz. Es kann jedoch lediglich an dem dem Wellenende des Verzögerungsmittels abgewandten Ringelement eine Innenverzahnung angebracht sein. Die Ansätze können als ein die beiden Ringelemente miteinander verbindendes Stabelement ausgebildet sein. Das Stabelement kann schließlich in etwa mittig eine Querschnittsverringerung aufweisen, mit der das Stabelement in die U-förmige Aufnahme am Schiebeelement eingreift.In a further embodiment, the transmission element has two ring elements which approximately by the height of the cylinder drum for the delay means from each other are spaced. There is preferably one on each ring element Stub shaft for mounting the transmission element in an associated one Bearing in the housing approach. However, it can only at the end of the shaft An internal toothing can be attached to the ring element facing away from the delay element. The Approaches can be used as a rod element connecting the two ring elements be trained. The rod element can finally be approximately in the middle Have cross-sectional reduction with which the rod element in the U-shaped receptacle engages on the sliding element.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß der elektrische Schalter trotz hoher Leistungsfähigkeit einen lediglich geringen Einbauraum im Elektrowerkzeug erfordert. Der Schalter ist daher insbesondere zum Einbau in schlanke, ergonomisch geformte Handgriffe von Elektrowerkzeugen geeignet. Dadurch daß die Wirksamkeit des Verzögerungsmittels auf eine Schaltrichtung begrenzbar ist, erlischt ein eventuell beim Abschalten des Elektrowerkzeugs auftretender Lichtbogen sofort, womit einer Zerstörung des Kontaktsystems wirksam vorgebeugt und die Lebensdauer des Schalters verlängert ist. Der Schalter ist daher für hohe Ströme, insbesondere auch für Gleichstromanwendungen, geeignet. Ebenso ist ein Einsatz des Schalters als Bremsschalter möglich. Mit der Ausgestaltung des die Kopplung zwischen dem Verzögerungsmittel und dem Schaltkontakt bewirkenden Übertragungselementes gelingt es, daß das Übertragungselement trotz dessen Kompaktheit größere Winkelwege bei geringem Platzbedarf zurücklegen kann. Dadurch ist wiederum vorteilhafterweise gewährleistet, daß auch längere Verzögerungszeiten beliebig einstellbar sind. Schließlich besitzt der Schalter auch vergleichweise wenig Einzelteile, womit dieser sehr kostengünstig herzustellen ist.The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that the electrical Switch has only a small installation space in the high performance Power tool required. The switch is therefore particularly suitable for installation in slim, Ergonomically shaped handles of power tools are suitable. Because the Effectiveness of the delay means can be limited to one switching direction, goes out any arc that may occur when the power tool is switched off, with what destruction of the contact system is effectively prevented and the service life of the Switch is extended. The switch is therefore for high currents, especially for DC applications, suitable. The switch can also be used as a brake switch possible. With the design of the coupling between the delay means and the switching contact effecting transmission element succeeds in that Transmission element, despite its compactness, larger angular paths with little Can take up space. This in turn advantageously ensures that longer delay times can also be set as desired. Finally, the switch has also comparatively few individual parts, making it very inexpensive to manufacture.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit verschiedenen Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen elektrischen Schalter in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 3-3 in Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
einen Ausschnitt entlang der Linie 4-4 in Fig. 1 und
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 5-5 in Fig. 1.
An embodiment of the invention with various developments and refinements is shown in the drawings and is described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
an electrical switch in side view,
Fig. 2
2 shows a section along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
3 shows a section along the line 3-3 in FIG. 2,
Fig. 4
a section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 1 and
Fig. 5
a section along the line 5-5 in Fig. 1st

In Fig. 1 ist ein elektrischer Schalter 1 zu sehen, der in Elektrohandwerkzeugen verwendet wird. Es kann sich bei den Elektrowerkzeugen um Bohrmaschinen, Winkelschleifer, Kreissägen, Oberfräsen, Heckenscheren o. dgl. handeln. Insbesondere ist der elektrische Schalter 1 für leistungsstarke Elektrowerkzeuge geeignet, die mit Gleichstrom betrieben werden. Weiter ist der Schalter 1 für Elektrowerkzeuge geeignet, die mit einem Sanftanlauf und/oder einer elektrischen Kurzschlußbremsung ausgerüstet sind. In Fig. 1 an electrical switch 1 can be seen, which is used in electric hand tools becomes. Power tools can include drills, angle grinders, Trade circular saws, routers, hedge trimmers or the like. In particular, the electrical Switch 1 suitable for powerful power tools that operate with direct current become. Switch 1 is also suitable for power tools with a soft start and / or an electrical short-circuit braking system.

Der Schalter 1 besitzt ein Gehäuse 2, in dem wenigstens ein Kontaktsystem 3 angeordnet ist. Vorliegend befinden sich insgesamt bis zu vier hintereinanderliegende Kontaktsysteme 3 im Gehäuse 2, wobei diese in Fig. 2 näher mit den Bezugszeichen 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d bezeichnet sind. Dabei dienen zwei Kontaktsysteme 3a, 3b für die Spannungsversorgung mit einem Sanftanlauf beim Einschalten des Elektromotors des Elektrowerkzeugs. Für den Sanftanlauf ist beispielsweise ein Vorwiderstand in die Spannungsversorgung zum Elektromotor geschaltet. Das vierte Kontaktsystem 3d kann als Überbrückung des Vorwiderstandes zur vollen Spannungsversorgung des Elektromotors des Elektrowerkzeugs nach Beendigung des Sanftanlaufs dienen. Das dritte Kontaktsystem 3c schließlich bewirkt ein Kurzschließen des Elektromotors des Elektrowerkzeugs beim Abschalten der Spannungsversorgung, womit ein schnelles Abbremsen des Elektromotors erzielt wird.The switch 1 has a housing 2 in which at least one contact system 3 is arranged. In the present case there are a total of up to four consecutive contact systems 3 in the Housing 2, which in Fig. 2 is designated by reference numerals 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d are. Two contact systems 3a, 3b serve for the voltage supply with one Soft start when switching on the electric motor of the power tool. For smooth start is, for example, a series resistor in the power supply to the electric motor connected. The fourth contact system 3d can be used to bridge the series resistor full power supply of the electric motor of the power tool after completion of the Serve soft start. Finally, the third contact system 3c short-circuits the Electric motor of the power tool when switching off the power supply, with what rapid braking of the electric motor is achieved.

Das Kontaktsystem 3 weist einen zwischen zwei Schaltstellungen, nämlich einer Aus-Schaltstellung und einer Ein-Schaltstellung, umschaltend bewegbaren Schaltkontakt 4 sowie einen Festkontakt 5 auf. In der Ein-Schaltstellung liegt der Schaltkontakt 4 am Festkontakt 5 an und wirkt mit diesem zum Schliessen der elektrischen Verbindung zusammen. In der Aus-Schaltstellung ist der Schaltkontakt 4 vom Festkontakt 5 entfernt, womit die elektrische Verbindung unterbrochen ist.The contact system 3 has one between two switch positions, namely an off switch position and an on-switch position, switchable movable switch contact 4 and a fixed contact 5. In the ON switch position, the switch contact 4 is on the fixed contact 5 and interacts with it to close the electrical connection. In the From the switching position, the switching contact 4 is removed from the fixed contact 5, so that the electrical Connection is broken.

Zur Umschaltung zwischen den beiden Schaltstellungen wirkt auf den Schaltkontakt 4 ein in Fig. 1 sichtbares, an der Oberseite 7 des Gehäuses 2 beweglich gelagertes Betätigungsorgan 6 ein, das somit manuell beweglich ist. Wie näher aus Fig. 3 hervorgeht, ist im Gehäuse 2 weiter ein Verzögerungsmittel 8 angeordnet, das zur Verzögerung der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts 4 in wenigstens eine der beiden Schaltstellungen mit dem Schaltkontakt 4 in Wirkverbindung steht. Vorliegend wirkt zum Beispiel das Verzögerungsmittel 8 mit dem Schaltkontakt 4 des vierten Kontaktsystems 3d zur Überbrückung des Vorwiderstands mit einer gewissen Verzögerungszeit, die durch die Beendigung des Sanftanlaufs des Elektromotors bestimmt ist, zusammen.To switch between the two switching positions, a switching contact 4 acts on Fig. 1 visible, on the top 7 of the housing 2 movably mounted actuator 6, which is thus manually movable. 3, is in the housing 2nd further a delay means 8 arranged to delay the switching movement of the switching contact 4 in at least one of the two switching positions with the switching contact 4 is in operative connection. For example, the delay means 8 is involved in the present case the switching contact 4 of the fourth contact system 3d for bridging the series resistor with a certain delay caused by the end of the soft start of the Electric motor is determined together.

Erfindungsgemäß sind nun das Verzögerungsmittel 8 und das Betätigungsorgan 6 an derselben Seite des Kontaktsystems 3, und zwar an der Oberseite 7 des Gehäuses 2, angeordnet. Dadurch erfordert das Verzögerungsmittel 8 keinen wesentlichen zusätzlichen Platzbedarf im Schalter 1, womit man einen besonders kompakten Schalter 1 erhält.According to the invention, the delay means 8 and the actuator 6 are now on the same side of the contact system 3, namely on the top 7 of the housing 2, arranged. As a result, the delay means 8 does not require any significant additional Space required in switch 1, which gives a particularly compact switch 1.

In einer Alternative/Ergänzung steht das Verzögerungsmittel 8 lediglich zur Verzögerung der Umschaltbewegung in die eine Schaltstellung, und zwar bei der Umschaltbewegung in die Ein-Schaltstellung, mit dem Schaltkontakt 4 in Wirkverbindung. Hier ist nun die Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Verzögerungsmittel 8 und dem Schaltkontakt 4 bei der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts 4 in die andere Schaltstellung, und zwar bei der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts 4 in die Aus-Schaltstellung, derart verringert, daß sich der Schaltkontakt 4 im wesentlichen unverzögert in die andere Schaltstellung bewegt. Da keine wesentliche Verzögerung beim Ausschalten des Schalters 1 auftritt, wird ein eventuell auftretender Lichtbogen unmittelbar gelöscht, womit eine Zerstörung des Kontaktsystems 3 des Schalters 1 wirksam verhindert ist. Diese alternative/ergänzende Ausgestaltung ist insbesondere bei einem Schalter 1 für ein Elektrowerkzeug vorteilhaft, das mittels Gleichstrom betrieben wird.In an alternative / supplement, the delay means 8 is only for delay the switchover movement in the one switching position, namely during the switchover movement in the ON switch position, with the switch contact 4 in operative connection. Here is the one Active connection between the delay means 8 and the switching contact 4 in the Switching movement of the switching contact 4 in the other switching position, namely in the Switching movement of the switching contact 4 in the off-switching position, reduced such that the switching contact 4 moves essentially without delay into the other switching position. Since there is no significant delay when switch 1 is switched off, on any arc that arises is immediately extinguished, thus destroying the Contact system 3 of the switch 1 is effectively prevented. This alternative / supplement Design is particularly advantageous in a switch 1 for a power tool, the is operated by means of direct current.

Im folgenden sollen verschiedene Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Schalters 1 näher beschrieben werden.Various further developments of the switch 1 according to the invention are intended below are described in more detail.

Bei einer solchen weiteren Ausgestaltung, zu der auch auf die nicht vorveröffentlichte deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 199 30 558 A1 Bezug genommen wird, befindet sich im Gehäuse 2 ein Schlitten 9, an dessen Unterseite der Schaltkontakt 4 mit Hilfe eines elastischen Mittels, beispielsweise mittels einer Druckfeder 13, elastisch gelagert ist. Mit Hilfe eines in das Gehäuse 2 führenden, auf den Schlitten 9 einwirkenden Schiebers 15, der am Betätigungsorgan 6 angelenkt ist, ist der Schlitten 9 zwischen zwei Stellungen bewegbar. In der einen Stellung des Schlittens 9 befindet sich dann das Kontaktsystem 3 in der Aus-Schaltstellung und in der anderen Stellung des Schlittens 9 befindet sich das Kontaktsystem 3 in der Ein-Schaltstellung. Bevorzugterweise ist der Schaltkontakt 4 in der Art einer Kontaktbrücke ausgebildet, womit dieser in der Ein-Schaltstellung jeweils zwei zugeordnete Festkontakte 5 überbrückt, wie man anhand von Fig. 2 erkennt. In the case of such a further embodiment, also to the one not previously published German Offenlegungsschrift DE 199 30 558 A1 is referenced in Housing 2 is a slide 9, on the underside of which the switching contact 4 with the aid of a elastic means, for example by means of a compression spring 13, is mounted elastically. With With the help of a leading in the housing 2, acting on the slide 9 slide 15, the is articulated on the actuator 6, the carriage 9 is movable between two positions. In one position of the slide 9, the contact system 3 is then in the off switch position and in the other position of the carriage 9 is the contact system 3 in the on position. The switching contact 4 is preferably of the type Contact bridge is formed, with which this is assigned two each in the on-switching position Fixed contacts 5 bridges, as can be seen from FIG. 2.

Wie man näher in Fig. 4 sieht, ist am Schlitten 9 eine erste Feder 10 in der Art einer Druckpunktfeder angeordnet. Im Gehäuse 2 befindet sich eine der ersten Feder 10 zugeordnete Schaltpunktkulisse 14. Die erste Feder 10 wirkt nun bei der durch Betätigung des Betätigungsorgans 6 über den Schieber 15 bewirkten Bewegung des Schlittens 9 mit der gegenüber dem Schlitten 9 feststehenden Schaltpunktkulisse 14 im Sinne einer Druckpunkterzeugung derart zusammen, daß eine Federkraft entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des Schlittens 9 bis zu dem bei Überwindung des Druckpunkts erreichten Umschaltpunkt wirksam ist. Nach Überwindung des Umschaltpunkts wird die gespeicherte Federenergie der ersten Feder 10 frei, so daß der Schlitten 9 mit einer Art von Schnappbewegung zwischen seinen beiden Stellungen umschaltbar ist. Am Schlitten 9 ist eine weitere, zweite Feder 11 angeordnet, die beim Umschalten beziehungsweise bei Bewegung des Schlittens 9 eine zusätzliche Federkraft erzeugt. Diese zusätzliche Federkraft wirkt bis zum Umschaltpunkt entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des Schlittens 9. Bei Überwindung des Umschaltpunkts wirkt diese weitere Federkraft dann in Bewegungsrichtung des Schlittens 9, wodurch eine Unterstützung der Schnappbewegung des Schlittens 9 erreicht wird. Am Schieber 15 schließlich ist eine zur Rückstellung von der Ein- in die Aus-Schaltstellung dienende dritte Feder 12 befindlich, die in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist.As can be seen in more detail in FIG. 4, a first spring 10 of the type is on the carriage 9 Pressure point spring arranged. One of the first springs 10 is located in the housing 2 assigned switching point backdrop 14. The first spring 10 now acts when actuated of the actuator 6 via the slide 15 caused movement of the carriage 9 with the compared to the slide 9 fixed switching point backdrop 14 in the sense of a Pressure point generation in such a way that a spring force against the Direction of movement of the carriage 9 up to that when the pressure point is overcome reached switchover point is effective. After the changeover point has been overcome, the stored spring energy of the first spring 10 free, so that the carriage 9 with a kind of Snap movement between its two positions is switchable. On the carriage 9 is a further, second spring 11 is arranged, which when switching or at Movement of the carriage 9 generates an additional spring force. This extra spring force acts against the direction of movement of the slide 9 up to the switchover point Overcoming the switchover point, this further spring force then acts Direction of movement of the carriage 9, which supports the snap movement of the carriage 9 is reached. Finally, on the slide 15 is one for resetting the A third spring 12, which is shown in FIG. 3, is located in the off-switching position.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist, wie in Fig. 1 zu sehen ist, an der Oberseite 7 des Gehäuses 2 ein Führungskanal 16 für den Schieber 15 befindlich. Es kann sich dann anbieten, das Verzögerungsmittel 8 an der Oberseite 7 im Gehäuse 2, und zwar zweckmäßigerweise in Verlängerung des Führungskanals 16 anzuordnen. Ist das Verzögerungsmittel 8 in der Art einer Verzögerungstrommel ausgebildet, so kann zur Aufnahme und Lagerung für die Verzögerungstrommel an der Oberseite 7 des Gehäuses 2 ein Gehäuseansatz 17 vorhanden sein, der in etwa halbzylinderförmig ausgestaltet ist.In a further embodiment, as can be seen in FIG. 1, on the top 7 of the housing 2 a guide channel 16 for the slide 15 is located. It can then offer that Delay means 8 on the top 7 in the housing 2, expediently in To extend extension of the guide channel 16. Is the delay means 8 in Art a delay drum, so can be used for recording and storage Delay drum on the top 7 of the housing 2, a housing attachment 17 is present be designed in a semi-cylindrical shape.

Wie man in Fig. 5 sieht, weist das als Verzögerungstrommel ausgestaltete Verzögerungsmittel 8 eine mit einer viskosen Flüssigkeit gefüllte Zylindertrommel 18 und eine in der Zylindertrommel 18 angeordnete Welle 19 auf. Dadurch ist die Zylindertrommel 18 relativ zur Welle 19 gedämpft bewegbar. Ein Wellenende 31 der Welle 19 ragt an einer Seite aus der Zylindertrommel 18 heraus, so daß das Wellenende 31 zur Lagerung des Verzögerungsmittels 8 im Gehäuseansatz 17 dient. An der Zylindertrommel 18 ist eine Verzahnung 21, und zwar in der Art eines Ritzels, an der dem Wellenende 31 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Zylindertrommel 18 angebracht. Ein Übertragungselement 20, das mittels einer Gegenverzahnung 22 von der Zylindertrommel 18 gedämpft bewegbar ist, dient zur Einwirkung auf den Schaltkontakt 4, um so den Schaltkontakt 4 mit einer Verzögerungszeit umzuschalten. Die Verzögerungszeit wird zum einen durch die Viskosität der Flüssigkeit in der Zylindertrommel 18 und zum anderen auch durch das Übersetzungsverhältnis von Verzahnung 21 und Gegenverzahnung 22 sowie durch die Größe des durch das Übertragungselement 20 bewirkten Hebelarmes bestimmt. Die Ausgestaltung durch die Verzahnung 21 mit der Gegenverzahnung 22 ergibt trotz geringer Höhe des Übertragungselementes 20, was fiir einen kleinbauenden Schalter 1 förderlich ist, große Winkelwege fiir das Übertragungselement 20. Das gibt wiederum die Möglichkeit, auch größere Verzögerungszeiten einzustellen. Bei der Einschaltverzögerung für den Sanftanlauf des Elektrowerkzeugs kann beispielsweise eine Verzögerungszeit von einigen hundert Millisekunden bis zu mehreren Sekunden gewählt werden.As can be seen in FIG. 5, this has the form of a delay drum Delay means 8 a cylinder drum 18 and 10 filled with a viscous liquid a shaft 19 arranged in the cylinder drum 18. This is the cylinder drum 18 movable relative to the shaft 19 damped. A shaft end 31 of the shaft 19 protrudes from one Side out of the cylinder drum 18 so that the shaft end 31 for storing the Delay means 8 in the housing shoulder 17 is used. On the cylinder drum 18 is one Toothing 21, in the manner of a pinion, on the shaft end 31st opposite side of the cylinder drum 18 attached. A transmission element 20 which can be moved damped by the cylinder drum 18 by means of counter-toothing 22, serves to act on the switching contact 4, so as to switch contact 4 with a Switch delay time. The delay time is due to the viscosity the liquid in the cylinder drum 18 and the other through the Gear ratio of toothing 21 and counter toothing 22 and by Size of the lever arm caused by the transmission element 20 is determined. The Design by the toothing 21 with the counter toothing 22 results despite less Height of the transmission element 20, which is conducive to a small switch 1, large angular paths for the transmission element 20. This in turn gives the possibility also set longer delay times. With the switch-on delay for the Soft start of the power tool can, for example, have a delay time of a few hundred milliseconds up to several seconds can be selected.

Im Schlitten 9 kann ein gegen die als elastisches Mittel für die Lagerung des Schaltkontakts 4 dienende Druckfeder 13 wirkendes Schiebeelement 23 beweglich gelagert sein, wie anhand von Fig. 3 näher zu sehen ist. Das Übertragungselement 20 ist mit dem Schiebeelement 23 derart gekoppelt, daß die von dem Verzögerungsmittel 8 ausgeübte hemmende Kraft auf die Druckfeder 13 einwirkt. Diese hemmende Kraft wirkt gegen die von der Druckfeder 13 auf den Schaltkontakt 4 in Richtung zum Festkontakt 5 ausgeübte Kraft. Folglich wird bei der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts 4 in Richtung zur Ein-Schaltstellung eine Verzögerung dieser Umschaltbewegung bewirkt, da insoweit auf den Schaltkontakt 4 lediglich die Kräfte von der Druckfeder 13 und dem Verzögerungsmittel 8 einwirken. Umgekehrt wirkt jedoch bei der Umschaltbewegung des Schaltkontakts 4 in Richtung zur Aus-Schaltstellung die rückstellende Kraft der dritten Feder 12 sowie gegebenenfalls der ersten und zweiten Feder 10, 11 über einen in Fig. 2 sichtbaren Anschlag 24 im Schlitten 9 direkt auf den Schaltkontakt 4 ein, womit sich eine Hemmwirkung des Verzögerungsmittels 8 nicht auswirken kann und der Schaltkontakt 4 sich im wesentlichen unverzögert bewegt. Das Verzögerungsmittel 8 ist daher bei der Bewegung in die Ein-Schaltstellung wirksam in den Bewegungsablauf des Schaltkontakts 4 eingekoppelt und bei der Bewegung in die Aus-Schaltstellung vom Bewegungsablauf des Schaltkontakts 4 im wesentlichen entkoppelt.In the carriage 9, one can act as an elastic means for mounting the switching contact 4 serving compression spring 13 acting sliding element 23 can be movably mounted, such as can be seen in more detail with reference to FIG. 3. The transmission element 20 is with the Sliding element 23 coupled such that that exerted by the delay means 8 inhibitory force acts on the compression spring 13. This inhibitory force works against exerted by the compression spring 13 on the switching contact 4 in the direction of the fixed contact 5 Force. Consequently, when the switching contact 4 moves in the direction of the on-switching position a delay of this switching movement causes, as far as the Switch contact 4 only the forces from the compression spring 13 and the delay means 8 act. Conversely, however, the switching contact 4 in FIG Direction to the off switch position, the restoring force of the third spring 12 and optionally the first and second springs 10, 11 via a stop visible in FIG. 2 24 in the carriage 9 directly on the switching contact 4, which is an inhibitory effect of Delay means 8 can not affect and the switching contact 4 is essentially moved without delay. The delay means 8 is therefore in the on-switch position effectively coupled into the movement of the switching contact 4 and at the movement in the off-switching position from the sequence of movements of the switching contact 4 in essentially decoupled.

In einer zweckmäßigen Ausbildung, die in Fig. 3 näher zu sehen ist, ist das Übertragungselement 20 als ein in etwa kreisförmiges Ringelement 25 ausgestaltet. An der dem Schiebeelement 23 abgewandten Peripherie des Ringelements 25 ist ein Wellenstumpf 26 angeordnet, der in eine in Fig. 5 gezeigte Lagerstelle 27 im Gehäuseansatz 17 eingreift, so daß das Ringelement 25 um einen bestimmten Winkel drehbar ist. Dieser Winkel kann durch Anschläge 32 im Gehäuseansatz 17 festgelegt sein. In etwa dem Wellenstumpf 26 gegenüberliegend an der Peripherie des Ringelements 25 ist ein Ansatz 28 für die Kopplung mit dem Schiebeelement 23 angebracht. Der Winkel, um den sich das Ringelement 25 drehen kann, bestimmt die Wirksamkeit der Kopplung zwischen dem Verzögerungsmittel 8 und dem Schiebeelement 23 mittels des Übertragungselements 20 sowie die Verzögerungszeit.In a practical training, which can be seen in Fig. 3, that is Transmission element 20 is configured as an approximately circular ring element 25. At the The periphery of the ring element 25 facing away from the sliding element 23 is a stub shaft 26 arranged, which engages in a bearing point 27 shown in FIG. 5 in the housing attachment 17, so that the ring member 25 is rotatable by a certain angle. This angle can be fixed by stops 32 in the housing shoulder 17. Approximately the stub shaft 26 opposite to the periphery of the ring element 25 is an extension 28 for the coupling attached with the sliding element 23. The angle around which the ring element 25 can rotate determines the effectiveness of the coupling between the delay means 8 and the sliding element 23 by means of the transmission element 20 and the Delay Time.

Die Gegenverzahnung 22 ist in der Art einer Innenverzahnung am Ringelement 25 und zwar als eine in etwa kreisabschnittsförmige Innenverzahnung angebracht. Das Schiebeelement 23 besitzt eine in etwa U-förmige Aufnahme 29, in die der Ansatz 28 am Ringelement 25 zur Kopplung eingreift. Der Schaltkontakt 4 und das Schiebelement 23 sind an der dem Verzögerungsmittel 8 abgewandten Seite des Schlittens 9 angeordnet. Um den Kopplungseingriff zu gestatten, ragt daher die U-förmige Aufnahme 29 durch einen Durchbruch 30 im Schlitten 9 an der dem Verzögerungsmittel 8 zugewandten Seite des Schlittens 9 heraus.The counter toothing 22 is in the manner of an internal toothing on the ring element 25, specifically attached as an approximately circular section-shaped internal toothing. The sliding element 23 has an approximately U-shaped receptacle 29 into which the attachment 28 on the ring element 25 engages for coupling. The switch contact 4 and the sliding element 23 are on the Delay means 8 remote side of the carriage 9 arranged. To the To permit coupling engagement, the U-shaped receptacle 29 therefore projects through one Breakthrough 30 in the carriage 9 on the side facing the delay means 8 Slide out 9.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung, die in Fig. 5 gezeigt ist, weist das Übertragungselement 20 zwei Ringelemente 25 auf, die in etwa um die Höhe der Zylindertrommel 18 für das Verzögerungsmittel 8 voneinander beabstandet sind. An jedem Ringelement 25 ist jeweils ein Wellenstumpf 26 zur Lagerung des Übertragungselements 20 in jeweils einer zugeordneten Lagerstelle 27 im Gehäuseansatz 17 befindlich. Lediglich an dem dem Wellenende 31 der Welle 19 des Verzögerungsmittels 8 abgewandten Ringelement 25 ist eine Innenverzahnung als Gegenverzahnung 22 angebracht. Die Ansätze 28 sind als ein die beiden Ringelemente 25 miteinander verbindendes Stabelement ausgebildet. Das Stabelement weist in etwa mittig eine nicht weiter gezeigte Querschnittsverringerung auf, mit der das Stabelement in die U-förmige Aufnahme 29 am Schiebeelement 23 eingreift.In a further embodiment, which is shown in FIG. 5, the transmission element 20 two ring elements 25, which are approximately at the height of the cylinder drum 18 for the Delay means 8 are spaced apart. On each ring element 25 is a stub shaft 26 for mounting the transmission element 20 in one assigned bearing 27 located in the housing shoulder 17. Only on that Is shaft end 31 of the shaft 19 of the delay means 8 facing away from the ring element 25 an internal toothing is fitted as counter toothing 22. The approaches 28 are as one two ring elements 25 connecting rod element formed. The The rod element has a cross-sectional reduction, not shown in the middle, with which the rod element engages in the U-shaped receptacle 29 on the sliding element 23.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das beschriebene und dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. So kann der erfindungsgemäße Schalter nicht nur in Elektrowerkzeugen eingesetzt werden, sondern kann auch in elektrischen Gartengeräten, elektrischen Haushaltsgeräten o. dgl. Verwendung finden. The invention is not based on the described and illustrated embodiment limited. So the switch according to the invention can not only in Power tools are used, but can also be used in electrical garden tools, find electrical household appliances or the like.

Bezugszeichen-Liste:Reference numeral list:

1:1:
elektrischer Schalterelectrical switch
2:2:
Gehäusecasing
3,3a, 3b,3c, 3d:3,3a, 3b, 3c, 3d:
KontaktsystemContact system
4:4:
Schaltkontaktswitching contact
5:5:
Festkontaktfixed contact
6:6:
Betätigungsorganactuator
7:7:
Oberseite (von Gehäuse)Top (from housing)
8:8th:
Verzögerungsmittelretardants
9:9:
Schlittencarriage
10:10:
erste Federfirst spring
11:11:
zweite Federsecond spring
12:12:
dritte Federthird spring
13:13:
Druckfeder (an Schaltkontakt)Compression spring (on switching contact)
14:14:
SchaltpunktkulisseSwitch point setting
15:15:
Schieberpusher
16:16:
Führungskanalguide channel
17:17:
Gehäuseansatzhousing extension
18:18:
Zylindertrommelcylinder drum
19:19:
Wellewave
20:20:
Übertragungselementtransmission element
21:21:
Verzahnung (an Verzögerungsmittel)Gearing (on delay means)
22:22:
Gegenverzahnung (an Übertragungselement)Counter-toothing (on transmission element)
23:23:
Schiebeelementsliding element
24:24:
Anschlag (im Schlitten)Stop (in the carriage)
25:25:
Ringelementring element
26:26:
Wellenstumpf (an Ringelement)Stub shaft (on ring element)
27:27:
Lagerstelle (im Gehäuseansatz)Bearing (in the housing approach)
28:28:
Ansatz (an Ringelement) Approach (to ring element)
29:29:
U-förmige Aufnahme (an Schiebeelement)U-shaped receptacle (on sliding element)
30:30:
Durchbruch (im Schlitten)Breakthrough (in the sledge)
31:31:
Wellenende (von Welle)Shaft end (from shaft)
32:32:
Anschlag (im Gehäuseansatz)Stop (in the housing attachment)

Claims (12)

  1. Electrical switch, in particular for electrical handheld tools, such as drills, angle grinders, circular saws, routers, hedge trimmers or the like, having at least one contact system (3) which has a switching contact (4) which can be moved between two switch positions for switching, having an operating member (6) which acts on the switching contact (4) for switching, and having a delay means (8), with the delay means (8) being operatively connected to the switching contact (4) in at least one of the two switch positions in order to delay the switching movement, characterized in that the delay means (8) and the operating member (6) are arranged on the same side of the contact system (3), a hinged slide (15) being situated on the operating member (6) and the delay means (8) being arranged in the extension of the slide (15) on this side of the housing (2).
  2. Electrical switch according to claim 1, characterised in that the contact system (3) has a switching contact (4) which can be moved between a switched-off position and a switched-on position for switching, as well as a stationary contact (5) which interacts with the switching contact (4) in the switched-on position, and in that the operative connection between the delay means (8) and the switching contact (4) is reduced during the switching movement of the switching contact (4) to the other switch position, in particular to the switched-off position, in such a way that the switching contact (4) is moved to the other switch position substantially without any delay.
  3. Electrical switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the contact system (3) is arranged in a housing (2), preferably in that up to four contact systems (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d), which are located one behind the other, are located in the housing (2), in particular with two contact systems (3a, 3b) being used for the voltage supply with soft starting when the electric motor of the electrical tool is switched on, the third contact system (3c) being used for short-circuiting the electric motor in order to brake the electrical tool when the voltage supply is switched off, and the fourth contact system (3d) being used as a bridge for the full voltage supply for the electric motor of the electrical tool after completion of the soft starting process.
  4. Electrical switch according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the operating member (6) is mounted on the upper face (7) of the housing (2) such that it can move, in that a slide (15), which is guided into the housing (2) and acts on a carriage (9), is preferably hinged on the operating member (6), and in that, furthermore and preferably, the switching contact (4) is elastically mounted on the carriage (9) with the aid of an elastic means, for example by means of a compression spring (13).
  5. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a first spring (10), which is used to produce a pressure point for the switching movement and interacts with the housing (2) and, possibly, a second spring (11), which interacts with the slide (15) and assists a snap-action switching movement, are arranged on the carriage (9), and in that a third spring (12), which is used for resetting, is preferably located on the slide (15).
  6. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a guide channel (16) for the slide (15) is located on the upper face (7) of the housing (2), with the delay means (8) preferably being arranged on the upper face (7) in the housing (2), in particular in an extension of the guide channel (16).
  7. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the delay means (8) is in the form of a delay drum, and in that a housing attachment (17) which, in particular, is approximately half-cylindrical in shape, is preferably arranged on the upper face (7) of the housing (2), for holding and as a bearing for the delay drum.
  8. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the delay means (8) has a cylindrical drum (18), which is filled with a viscous liquid, and a shaft (19), which is arranged in the cylindrical drum (18), such that the cylindrical drum (18) can move in a damped manner relative to the shaft (19), in that one shaft end (31) preferably projects one side out of the cylindrical drum (18), in that, furthermore and preferably, a tooth system (21) is fitted on the cylindrical drum (18), in particular in the form of a pinion on that side of the cylindrical drum (18) which is opposite the shaft end (31), and in that, furthermore and preferably, a transmission element (20) can be moved in a damped manner by the cylindrical drum (18) in order to act on the switching contact (4) by means of a mating tooth system (22).
  9. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a sliding element (23), which acts against the elastic means for the bearing of the switching contact (4), is mounted in the carriage (9) such that it can move, and in that the transmission element (20) is preferably coupled to the sliding element (23) such that the restraining force which is exerted by the delay means (8) acts against the force which is exerted by the elastic means during the switching movement of the switching contact (4), in order to delay the switching movement.
  10. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the transmission element (20) is in the form of an approximately circular annular element (25), in that a shaft stub (26) is preferably arranged on the periphery of the annular element (25) facing away from the sliding element (23) and engages in a bearing point (27) in the housing attachment (17) in order to allow the annular element (25) to rotate through an angle which is defined in particular by stops (32) in the housing attachment (17) and in that, furthermore and preferably, an attachment (28) for coupling to the sliding element (23) is fitted, approximately opposite the shaft stub (26), on the periphery of the annular element (25).
  11. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the mating tooth system (22) is fitted in the manner of an internal tooth system on the annular element (25), in particular in the manner of an internal tooth system substantially in the form of a segment of a circle, in that the sliding element (23) preferably has an approximately U-shaped holder (29), in which the attachment (28) on the annular element (25) engages, in that, furthermore and preferably, the switching contact (4) and the sliding element (23) are arranged on that side of the carriage (9) which faces away from the delay means (8), and in that, furthermore and preferably, the U-shaped holder (29) projects through an aperture (30) in the carriage (9) on that side of the carriage (9) which faces the delay means (8).
  12. Electrical switch according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the transmission element (20) has two annular elements (25) which are separated from one another by approximately the height of the cylindrical drum (18) for the delay means (8), in that a respective shaft stub (26) for bearing the transmission element (20) is preferably located in a respective associated bearing point (27) in the housing attachment (17) on each annular element (25), in that, furthermore and preferably, an internal tooth system is fitted only on that annular element (25) which faces away from the shaft end (31) of the delay means (8), in that, furthermore and preferably, the attachments (28) are in the form of a rod element which connects the two annular elements (25) to one another, and in that, furthermore and preferably, the rod element has a reduction in its cross section approximately in the centre, by means of which the rod element engages in the U-shaped holder (29) on the sliding element (23).
EP01907375A 2000-01-22 2001-01-19 Electric switch Expired - Lifetime EP1249027B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10002695 2000-01-22
DE10002696 2000-01-22
DE10002695 2000-01-22
DE10002696 2000-01-22
PCT/DE2001/000216 WO2001054153A1 (en) 2000-01-22 2001-01-19 Electric switch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1249027A1 EP1249027A1 (en) 2002-10-16
EP1249027B1 true EP1249027B1 (en) 2003-10-01

Family

ID=26003975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01907375A Expired - Lifetime EP1249027B1 (en) 2000-01-22 2001-01-19 Electric switch

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6727450B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1249027B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1207741C (en)
DE (1) DE50100714D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001054153A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7705260B2 (en) * 2005-04-18 2010-04-27 Xinsheng Xu Switch assembly
JP4696670B2 (en) * 2005-05-02 2011-06-08 オムロン株式会社 Trigger switch
DE602007004427D1 (en) * 2006-12-28 2010-03-11 Defond Components Ltd Electric switch
DE102011017453A1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Marquardt Verwaltungs-Gmbh Electric switch
US8872049B2 (en) 2012-04-18 2014-10-28 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Trigger lock-on lock-off mechanism

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DE383915C (en) 1921-11-13 1923-10-20 Frau Anna Knuppertz Time switch
DE410719C (en) 1923-11-16 1925-03-07 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Momentary switching for automatic switching devices
US2810051A (en) * 1956-03-07 1957-10-15 Arrow Hart & Hegeman Electric Trigger switch with automatic kick-off
US3745286A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-07-10 Lucerne Products Inc Trigger operated tool handle switch
US3777092A (en) * 1972-07-19 1973-12-04 Arrow Hart Inc Trigger operated actuating mechanism for an electric switch with integrally molded fulcrum and snap-on connecting means associated with the trigger
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DE3126816A1 (en) 1981-07-08 1983-01-27 Marquardt Gmbh, 7201 Rietheim-Weilheim "ELECTRIC SWITCH"
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JPH0621153Y2 (en) * 1988-03-15 1994-06-01 オムロン株式会社 Trigger switch
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1404613A (en) 2003-03-19
DE50100714D1 (en) 2003-11-06
WO2001054153A1 (en) 2001-07-26
US20030010617A1 (en) 2003-01-16
CN1207741C (en) 2005-06-22
EP1249027A1 (en) 2002-10-16
US6727450B2 (en) 2004-04-27

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