EP1243986B1 - Uhrwerk mit Spannungsgenerator - Google Patents

Uhrwerk mit Spannungsgenerator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1243986B1
EP1243986B1 EP01201061A EP01201061A EP1243986B1 EP 1243986 B1 EP1243986 B1 EP 1243986B1 EP 01201061 A EP01201061 A EP 01201061A EP 01201061 A EP01201061 A EP 01201061A EP 1243986 B1 EP1243986 B1 EP 1243986B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torque
rotor
generator
barrel
timepiece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01201061A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1243986A1 (de
Inventor
Florian Serex
Frédéric Leuba
Denis Burdet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Original Assignee
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
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Publication date
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Priority to EP01201061A priority Critical patent/EP1243986B1/de
Priority to DE60140294T priority patent/DE60140294D1/de
Publication of EP1243986A1 publication Critical patent/EP1243986A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1243986B1 publication Critical patent/EP1243986B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C10/00—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a timepiece which comprises a time base, a generator including a rotor with permanent magnets and at least one coil, a spring barrel coupled to said generator for driving, means analog clockwise indication also driven by said barrel and operating substantially synchronously with respect to the time base, as long as the torque supplied by the barrel is greater than or equal to a minimum synchronization torque, braking means of the generator, and magnetized means having with the rotor, when stopping the generator, a static positioning torque to maintain the rotor in a substantially fixed position.
  • EP 0 822 470 A device of this type is described in EP 0 822 470 .
  • This document relates to an electronic timepiece comprising a power source formed of a spring barrel, manual or automatic winding, coupled to an alternating voltage generator for supplying an electronic circuit of the room, a game hour indication hands driven by a gear train itself driven by the barrel, braking means for adjusting the speed of rotation of the generator, for braking or stopping it, and magnets for prevent rotation of the generator after it has stopped.
  • magnets are placed in the vicinity of the periphery of the rotor of the generator. They have a very low force of attraction and exert a low static positioning torque on the rotor, which torque, in order not to prevent the restart, must not be greater than the torque that the barrel is capable of providing when the reserve of walking is almost exhausted.
  • Such a device has some disadvantages.
  • the watch when the minimum synchronization torque between the hands and the time base can no longer be ensured, the watch nevertheless continues to operate.
  • the barrel spring continues to discharge until the total energy of the barrel is exhausted.
  • the minimum synchronization torque corresponds for example to a winding of a turn and a half of the barrel spring and that for seven complete turns of the winder, it goes up a turn of the mainspring of the barrel, so we must count at least a dozen winder turns before the watch runs again synchronously.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the aforementioned prior art by providing a device for stopping the timepiece to maintain a torque of the barrel close to the minimum torque of synchronization when the room does not work, by stopping the generator as soon as the power reserve is no longer sufficient for a substantially synchronous operation of the timepiece.
  • the subject of the invention is a timepiece as defined in the claims.
  • the braking means of the generator are actuated to stop the generator as soon as the operation of the time indication means is no longer substantially synchronous with the time base and in that the magnetized means are arranged in such a way that the static positioning torque, which they exert on the rotor of the generator, is greater than or substantially equal to a reference torque for which the torque exerted by the barrel on the rotor is equal to the minimum synchronization torque .
  • the choice of a magnet taking into account the aforementioned uncertainties corresponds to a static positioning torque C T between the magnet and the rotor equivalent to a torque of the barrel for a winding of about 4 turns.
  • the generator is stopped for winding the barrel about 1.5 turns.
  • the generator is not restarted before a minimum of about 17 winding turns. If we assume that the wearer of the watch realizes a turn and a half of winding each handling, he must then perform a dozen manipulations to restart his watch, which may lead him to think that his watch does not work more.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a stop device further comprising means for adjusting the static positioning torque between the magnet and the rotor to adjust the torque so that it is substantially equal to the reference torque for which the torque exerted by the barrel on the rotor is equal to the minimum synchronization torque between the hands and the time base.
  • a factor of safety can be taken to take into account the degradation of the system, in particular, the aging of the barrel and the problems of lubrication or fouling of the gears.
  • This setting allows a quick restart of the timepiece, after about 2-3 manipulations, while ensuring the synchronization of the analog time indicating means with the time base.
  • the timepiece always operates substantially synchronously, the advance of the time indication means with respect to the time base may be continuous or jerky.
  • the minimum synchronization torque will be taken to ensure a continuous synchronous operation of these time indication means with respect to the time base.
  • the invention also relates to the associated method for adjusting the static positioning torque between the magnet and the rotor.
  • the timepiece according to the invention comprises a generator symbolized by the rectangle 1 having a magnetized rotor 2 and at least one winding 3. It will preferably use three coils placed near the rotor.
  • the rotor is mechanically coupled, for example through a gear train 4, to a cylinder 5 in which is housed a spring 6. This can be armed by a winding mechanism, manual or automatic, known per se and not shown on the Fig.
  • the wheel 4 is also coupled to analog time indicating means 7, conventionally composed of a set of needles (8, 9, 10) integral in rotation with the rotor 2. As a result, these means 7 rotate as long as the rotor 2 is moving.
  • Generator 1 delivers an AC voltage at a given frequency. This frequency will preferably be 5.33 turns per second.
  • the generator is connected to a full-wave rectifier 11 comprising smoothing capacitors at the output of which is connected a logic control circuit 12.
  • the circuit 12 also receives a time information. This information is provided by a timebase 13 in particular consisting of a crystal oscillator 14 which delivers a pulse signal of a determined frequency, currently 32768 Hz, to different frequency divider stages 15.
  • the internal detail of the control logic circuit 12 will not be given here . Indeed, such a circuit is known from the prior art, particularly from the document EP 0 822 470 .
  • This logic control circuit 12 makes it possible to actuate, by means of a signal 17, switching means 16, formed in particular of a MOS transistor whose source-drain path is connected between the terminals of the generator 1.
  • switching means 16 have the role of temporarily short-circuit the generator 1, in order to regulate its speed of rotation. Depending on the controlled short-circuit time, the speed of rotation will be more or less reduced.
  • the assembly comprising the control logic circuit 12 and the switching means 16 constitutes braking means of the generator 1.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to obtain a timepiece that always operates in a synchronized manner, while retaining the residual energy of the cylinder when the workpiece does not work. Therefore, when the power reserve of the cylinder 5 becomes insufficient to ensure the synchronization of the time indication means 7 relative to the time base 13, the braking means are used to stop the generator 1 and therefore the needles 8 , 9 and 10 related to the latter, and the spring 6 of the barrel.
  • this necessary number of turns corresponds to a reference torque C REF for which the torque exerted by the barrel 5 on the rotor 2 is equal to the minimum synchronization torque.
  • this reference torque C REF will preferably be taken with a safety factor f S to take account of the degradation of the system.
  • the braking means of the generator are then implemented to stop it.
  • the switching means 16 then receive a continuous signal 17 of the control logic circuit 12, resulting in an extended short circuit of the terminals of the generator 1. The speed of the generator then becomes almost zero.
  • the complete stop of the generator 1 is guaranteed by at least one magnet 18 placed in the vicinity of the periphery of the rotor 2.
  • This magnet 18 is arranged in such a way that the static positioning torque C P between the magnet and the rotor is greater than or substantially equal to the reference torque C REF for which the torque exerted by the barrel 5 on the rotor 2 is equal to the minimum synchronization torque C SYNC .
  • the torque C P makes it possible to stop the rotor 2 and to keep it substantially fixed, once the braking means are inactive.
  • the generator 1 is placed around a shaft 21 integral with a pinion meshing with an intermediate wheel 23, itself meshing with the rest of the train, not shown here.
  • the rotor consists of two flanges, upper 24A and lower 24B, on which are disposed an even number of magnets, respectively 25A and 25B, having an alternating polarization. These flanges are mounted on the shaft 21 of the generator. Three coils 3 are disposed between the two flanges 24A and 24B.
  • each flange Preferably, six magnets will be used on each flange.
  • the magnets 25A and 25B facing the upper 24A and lower 24B flanges are positioned to attract each other to create a closed magnetic field F specific to the generator. It should be noted that the magnets 25A and 25B used for each flange may be of different thickness.
  • the static positioning torque C P between the positioning magnet 18 and the flanges 24A and 24B of the rotor is variable.
  • the static positioning torque C P between the magnet 18 and the rotor 2 depends in particular on the distance between the two and their respective magnetization rate. Therefore, to obtain a torque C P which is greater than or substantially equal to the reference torque C REF , it is intended to use adjustment means of this torque C P , in a preferred embodiment.
  • This adjustment is made by means of an adjustment of the position of the magnet 18.
  • the magnet 18 is provided to be rotatable, which makes it possible to easily modify the torque C P , for example during assembly. of the timepiece. It is also possible to provide magnetic means sliding in translation, means for obtaining the same result.
  • a magnetized screw 18 driven or screwed into a hole provided for this purpose in the plate or in a bridge of the timepiece, this screw having an asymmetry such as a groove 19 indicating the direction of magnetization and allowing a tool to turn this screw.
  • the magnetization mark also serves as a means of action to adjust the orientation of the magnet.
  • the reference torque C REF for adjusting the torque C P can be taken with a safety factor f S to take account of the degradation of the system.
  • the fixing means may be a glue point, a weld or any other means known to those skilled in the art.
  • setting means not definitively fixed or even not fixed, this to allow a professional to adjust the torque C P again in case of malfunction.
  • two or more positioning magnets are regularly disposed at the periphery of the magnetized rotor in order to eliminate the parasitic friction induced by each positioning magnet.
  • the invention also relates to the method of adjusting the static positioning torque C P between the magnet 18 and the rotor 2.
  • This method relates to a timepiece comprising the elements shown in FIGS. figures 1 and 2 .
  • the objective to be achieved by means of this method is to obtain a static positioning torque C P which is greater than or substantially equal to the reference torque C REF for which the torque exerted by the barrel 5 on the rotor 2 is equal to the minimum synchronization torque C SYNC . It is advantageous to adjust this torque C P to have to perform a minimum of turns before the timepiece again operates in a synchronized manner.
  • the torque C P will be adjusted with a safety factor f S taking into account the degradation of the system.
  • the magnet 18 is magnetized, for example in the direction of the magnetization mark 19. Then, it is appropriate to place the magnet 18 near the rotor 2.
  • the magnetic energy of the magnet and its distance to the rotor define the static positioning torque C P between the two. This torque C P varies in particular according to the orientation of the magnet 18 relative to the rotor 2. This is why, it is preferred to use a magnet screw rotating in rotation.
  • this magnet 18 is selected and positioned so that the initial torque C P is greater than the reference torque C REF .
  • the selection is carried out all adverse tolerances included, in particular, the rotor leakage fields and the rate magnets magnetization.
  • the magnet 18 is turned into the position where the positioning torque C P is maximum.
  • This torque C P is maximum when the direction of magnetization is radial to the axis of the rotor 2.
  • the marker 19 is placed in the direction of the magnetization. But, it should be noted that this marker 19 can be placed in all other directions from the moment it determines the magnetization direction of the magnet.
  • the spring 6 of the barrel is pre-cocked by an automaton, not shown, or manually by a number of revolutions greater than or substantially equal to the number of revolutions corresponding to C REF .
  • C REF the torque exerted by the barrel on the rotor
  • This pre-arming of the barrel 5 can be performed by the ratchet screw or by the winding stem for example.
  • the magnet 18 is moved, by a controller or manually, until the generator 1 starts.
  • This displacement is either in rotation, in the case of a magnetized screw, or in translation, in the case of a sliding magnet.
  • the use of a magnetized screw makes it possible to turn the magnet using a simple screwdriver.
  • the static positioning torque C P between the magnet 18 and the rotor 2 will decrease and become smaller than that exerted by the barrel on the rotor.
  • the generator 1 is set in motion. This movement is detected by measuring the voltage at the output of the generator.
  • the position of the magnet 18 is fixed.
  • This attachment can be obtained by any means known to those skilled in the art, in particular by gluing or welding.
  • the figure 3 illustrates, according to a preferred embodiment, an example of evolution of the torque exerted by the spring of the cylinder on the rotor as a function of the number of turns of the spring.
  • the diagram is plotted in grams per millimeter as a function of the number of turns made by the barrel, both during the winding and during the disarming of the spring.
  • a turn of the barrel corresponds to a running time of about eight hours of the timepiece.
  • the curve A corresponds to the arming, it starts from a point A1 total relaxation of the spring and ends after reassembly of the latter, during which the barrel is between 8 and 9 revolutions, at a maximum arming point A2 for which the potential torque of the barrel is about 950 gr.mm.
  • Curve B represents the disarming of the spring during which this barrel supplies energy to the system. This curve starts at point B1 corresponding to a torque value of about 800 gr.mm (this reduction in torque compared to the value of point A2 is due to the inevitable mechanical losses of the system) and leads to a total disarming point B2. of course, this point obviously coinciding with point A1.
  • the diagram also indicates, by a point S on the curve B, the minimum value of synchronization of the torque C SYNC . As long as the barrel is able to provide a torque greater than this minimum value, the rotor of the generator can still reach the nominal rotation speed for the room to keep the exact time.
  • the difference between the torque C S' and the torque C SYNC corresponds to the torque that the wearer of the watch must exert on the winder in order to be able to raise it.
  • the diagram further indicates, by a point P, the value of the static positioning torque C P between the magnet and the rotor. This value takes into account a safety factor f S due to the degradation of the system.
  • the diagram indicates, by a point T, the value of the static positioning torque C T required between the magnet and the rotor when the method of adjusting the torque C P according to the present invention is not implemented, for stop the generator when it is no longer running synchronously.
  • the braking means are then only responsible for limiting the speed of rotation of the generator 1.
  • the braking means are then actuated , the control logic circuit 12 sending a continuous control signal 17 to actuate the switching means 16 in a prolonged manner.
  • the generator 1 is then stopped and then held fixed by the static positioning torque C P between the magnet 18 and the rotor 2.
  • the braking means are then deactivated. Since the torque C P is greater than the torque C SYNC , the rotor is effectively kept fixed.
  • the needles (8, 9 and 10) are also stopped, which allows the user to know that he must remount the spring of his watch.
  • the torque exerted by the user on the winder must be sufficient to allow the passage of the point S of the disarming curve B at point S 'of the winding curve A.
  • the torque C B exerted by the barrel on the rotor is then greater than the torque C P , which allows the synchronous restart of the generator and therefore the time indication means 7, which is quite similar to a mechanical watch.
  • the torque C P is chosen in such a way that the user is obliged to do 2 to 3 manipulations to allow the watch to restart.
  • this state nevertheless last for several hours. This does not prevent the user to completely reassemble his watch to allow it to work longer, including the wearing for the case of an automatic winding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Zeitmessgerät, umfassend eine Zeitbasis (13), einen Generator (1), der insbesondere aus einem Rotor (2) mit Permanentmagneten und aus wenigstens einer Spule (3) zusammengesetzt ist, ein Federhaus (5) mit einer Feder, die mit dem Generator gekoppelt ist, um ihn anzutreiben, Mittel (7) zum Anzeigen der analogen Zeit, welche Mittel ebenfalls vom Federhaus angetrieben werden und merklich synchron relativ zur Zeitbasis funktionieren, solange das durch das Federhaus gelieferte Moment CB grösser oder gleich ist, wie ein minimales Synchronisationsmoment CSYNC, Mittel (12, 16) zum Bremsen des Generators, magnetische Mittel (18), die mit dem Rotor beim Stillstand des Generators ein Moment statischer Positionierung CP aufweisen, das ermöglicht, den Rotor in einer merklich ortsfesten Position zu halten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (12, 16) zum Bremsen des Generators derart angeordnet sind, dass sie den Generator stoppen, sobald der Gang der Zeitanzeigemittel (7) nicht mehr merklich synchron mit der Zeitbasis (13) ist, und dass die magnetischen Mittel (18) derart angeordnet sind, dass das Moment statischer Positionierung CP grösser oder merklich gleich ist, wie ein Referenzmoment CREF, bei dem das durch das Federhaus auf den Rotor ausgeübte Moment CB gleich ist, wie das minimale Synchronisationsmoment CSYNC.
  2. Zeitmessgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ausserdem Mittel (19, 20) zum Einstellen des Moments statischer Positionierung CP zwischen dem Magnet (18) und dem Rotor (2) umfasst, die ermöglichen, dieses Moment CP derart einzustellen, dass es merklich gleich ist, wie das Referenzmoment CREF.
  3. Zeitmessgerät nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Referenzmoment CREF mit einem Sicherheitsfaktor fs gewählt wird, der die Verschlechterung des Systems berücksichtigt.
  4. Zeitmessgerät nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Moment CP grösser ist, als die Summe des Referenzmoments CREF und des durch einen Benutzer zum Aufziehen des Geräts ausgeübten Moments.
  5. Zeitmessgerät nach Anspruch 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Mittel (18) dreh- und/oder translationsbeweglich (20) sind.
  6. Zeitmessgerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Mittel (18) ein Mittel (19) zum Kennzeichnen der magnetischen Richtung aufweisen.
  7. Zeitmessgerät nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mittel (19) zum Kennzeichnen der magnetischen Richtung eine Schraubennut ist.
  8. Verfahren zum Einstellen des Anlaufs eines Zeitmessgeräts nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Moment statischer Positionierung CP während der Montage des Zeitmessgeräts gemäss den folgenden Schritten eingestellt wird:
    - Anbringen der magnetischen Mittel (18) in der Nähe des Rotors (2);
    - Positionieren der magnetischen Mittel in der Art, dass das Moment statischer Positionierung CP mit dem Rotor grösser ist, als das Referenzmoment CREF, bei dem das durch das Federhaus (5) auf den Rotor ausgeübte Moment CB gleich ist, wie das minimale Synchronisationsmoment CSYNC;
    - Vorspannen des Federhauses, damit sein Moment CB grösser oder merklich gleich ist, wie das Referenzmoment CRFF;
    - Drehen und/oder Verschieben der magnetischen Mittel bis der Generator (1) anläuft.
  9. Einstellverfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Mittel (18) unter Einbeziehung von allen ungünstigen Toleranzen gewählt werden.
  10. Einstellverfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die anfängliche Positionierung der magnetischen Mittel derart ausgeführt wird, dass das Moment statischer Positionierung CP mit dem Rotor maximal ist.
  11. Einstellverfahren nach Anspruch 8, 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Referenzmoment CREF mit einem Sicherheitsfaktor fs genommen wird, der die Verschlechterung des Systems berücksichtigt.
  12. Einstellverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Moment CP derart eingestellt wird, dass es grösser ist, als die Summe des Referenzmoments CREF und des durch einen Benutzer zum Aufziehen des Zeitmessgeräts ausgeübten Moments.
  13. Einstellverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen zusätzlichen Schritt umfasst, der darin besteht, die magnetischen Mittel zu befestigen, wenn die Einstellung des Moments statischer Positionierung CP einmal ausgeführt ist.
EP01201061A 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Uhrwerk mit Spannungsgenerator Expired - Lifetime EP1243986B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01201061A EP1243986B1 (de) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Uhrwerk mit Spannungsgenerator
DE60140294T DE60140294D1 (de) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Uhrwerk mit Spannungsgenerator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01201061A EP1243986B1 (de) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Uhrwerk mit Spannungsgenerator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1243986A1 EP1243986A1 (de) 2002-09-25
EP1243986B1 true EP1243986B1 (de) 2009-10-28

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EP01201061A Expired - Lifetime EP1243986B1 (de) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Uhrwerk mit Spannungsgenerator

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DE (1) DE60140294D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3838423A1 (de) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-23 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Musik- oder schlagwerkmechanismus, der ein system mit einem stromgenerator umfasst

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5668414A (en) * 1994-07-04 1997-09-16 Seiko Epson Corporation Spring driven electricity generator with a control circuit to regulate the release of energy in the spring
FR2752070B1 (fr) * 1996-08-01 1998-09-18 Asulab Sa Piece d'horlogerie electronique comportant une generatrice entrainee par un barillet a ressort

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EP1243986A1 (de) 2002-09-25

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