EP1232794B1 - Verfahren zum Trennen eines Mehrphasengemisches und Dekantierzentrifungensystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Trennen eines Mehrphasengemisches und Dekantierzentrifungensystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDFInfo
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- EP1232794B1 EP1232794B1 EP01102962A EP01102962A EP1232794B1 EP 1232794 B1 EP1232794 B1 EP 1232794B1 EP 01102962 A EP01102962 A EP 01102962A EP 01102962 A EP01102962 A EP 01102962A EP 1232794 B1 EP1232794 B1 EP 1232794B1
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- immersion
- speed
- drum
- centrifuge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
- B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
- B04B1/2016—Driving control or mechanisms; Arrangement of transmission gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
- B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
- B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
- B04B2001/2041—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with baffles, plates, vanes or discs attached to the conveying screw
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
- B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
- B04B2001/2083—Configuration of liquid outlets
Definitions
- the pond depth is defined as the difference between external and inner diameter of the rotating in the centrifuge drum Liquid ring.
- a decanter centrifuge with at least partially hydraulic Promote how you perform the procedure is assumed is known from DE 43 20 265 C2.
- a liquid ring is placed in the rotating centrifuge drum between the submersible and the liquid weir certain fill level, the so-called pond depth and thus a hydrostatic due to the liquid phase Generates pressure that contributes to the discharge of the dry phase.
- Hydraulic delivery can be in addition to or instead of the discharge with a rotatable with differential speed Snail done.
- the weir is essentially in two parts.
- a Weir plate closes the cylindrical shell of the centrifuge drum and rotates with it. At least she is a passage for draining a liquid the centrifuge drum.
- the weir plate is a parallel one Throttle disc associated with the axially displaceable the stationary storage of the rotatable centrifuge drum is arranged. Between the rotating weir plate and the stationary throttle disc forms a gap that extends in the radial direction and through which the liquid phase flung out of the centrifuge bowl becomes.
- the axial displacement of the throttle plate can Weir gap width can be varied. By reducing the The width of the weir gap becomes a pressure increase in the liquid phase causes that this increases the dry phase pushes out of the centrifuge drum. The liquid phase partially penetrates into the dry phase and reduces its concentration of dry matter. Vice versa an expansion of the weir gap causes a reduction in pressure, reduced hydraulic delivery and finally an increase in dry matter concentration in the dry phase.
- This liquid weir has for a decanter centrifuge has proven itself as it is with a rotating centrifuge drum is adjustable and so a regulation of the dry matter concentration allowed over the weir gap.
- a regulation of the weir gap width can be based on concentration and Amount changes in the supplied multi-phase mixture in ongoing process.
- the defense position can change into a Move to the edge, in which the throttle plate of the weir is no longer adjustable.
- the throttle plate of the weir is no longer adjustable.
- major changes from Concentration and / or amount of the multi-phase mixture applied can then no regulation of the dry matter concentration done more. The process must be stopped and with approached an empirically determined drum speed become.
- a pneumatic liquid weir is known from DE 195 00 600 C1, by blowing compressed gas into the weir gap the flow resistance of the liquid phase in the weir is increased, which increases the pond depth. Also with this training of the liquid weir is a regulation the dry matter concentration through a weir adjustment possible during operation.
- a decanter with to operate a plunger and a liquid weir is that in a base load operation with largely constant Amount and concentration of the feed an optimization in terms of energy consumption can be made and that at the same time a willingness to react to sudden Changes in the inflow is given by the fact that the weir in returned a middle position defined by the tolerance range from which it becomes both the dry phase thicken more than it can further dilute.
- a decanter centrifuge is used, the liquid weir of which consists of a weir plate with at least one liquid recess and a throttle plate, which is fixed in position with the formation of a weir gap relative to the weir plate and is axially displaceable.
- the pond depth x T should be reduced by increasing the weir gap width x W and increasing by reducing the weir gap width x W.
- a corresponding weir gap width tolerance range with a lower weir gap width x W, U and an upper weir gap width x W, O is assigned to the pond depth tolerance range.
- the pond depth consequently decreases.
- the upper pond depth x T, U is reached for the lower weir gap width x W, U of the weir gap width tolerance range and vice versa.
- a further embodiment of the method provides that a decanter centrifuge is used, the liquid weir of which has at least one axially extending, U-shaped liquid channel, the inlet and outlet openings of which are arranged towards the outer circumference of the liquid weir and in the region of a U-shaped bend of the liquid channel, a compressed gas can be introduced to form a hydrohermetic pressure chamber.
- the pond depth x T can thus be increased by increasing the gas pressure and reduced by lowering the gas pressure.
- a corresponding gas pressure tolerance range with a lower gas pressure p U and an upper gas pressure p o is assigned to the pond depth tolerance range.
- Such a decanter centrifuge system is from the PCT / WO 97/20634 known. Facilities are provided there by parameters such as speed and position weir the process of phase separation in the decanter centrifuge to influence. Since all parameters the combination of settings, where the desired result can be achieved is to be determined empirically so that the quality of the Process depends on the experience of the operator
- a generic decanter centrifuge system is also from the publication "Intelligent measurement and control technology for optimized process control in wastewater treatment” (DR. H.-J. BEYER / M. FLEUTER, Westfalia Separator Industry GmbH in: 4th Mersebug specialist conference automation, measurement methods and experiments in mechanical process engineering, November 1999).
- DR. H.-J. BEYER / M. FLEUTER Westfalia Separator Industry GmbH in: 4th Mersebug specialist conference automation, measurement methods and experiments in mechanical process engineering, November 1999.
- a weir control device it is achieved that the pond depth x T is adjusted depending on the dry matter concentration c TS . This enables extensive automation of the phase separation process. Intervention by the operator is still required, however, if there are strong changes in the type, quantity and / or concentration of the incoming product and the weir has reached a limit position from which it can no longer react to the changes that have occurred.
- high energy consumption can be determined in the ongoing process due to the high drum speeds.
- a decanter centrifuge system of the type mentioned above which is characterized in that the weir control device is switched over the speed control device and the speed control device during the control of the pond depth x T by the weir control device until a predetermined dry matter concentration c TS is reached by means of a Deactivation device can be deactivated.
- the speed control device is subordinate.
- the weir control device maintains priority in the system for the regulation of the pond depth depending on the Dry matter concentration. So that comes the speed control device a role as a supplementary system to that in Optimization of energy consumption during times of base load operation can effect or the position of the weir in With regard to system reactions to changes in the inflow can optimize.
- the weir control system can also the dry matter concentration by changing the drum speed regulated or at least reduced to the extent that the dry matter remains flowable and clogging the discharge lines is prevented.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a decanter centrifuge system according to the invention.
- a decanter centrifuge 100 is with an inlet pipe 11, a liquid line 36 and a dry substance discharge line 27 are connected.
- the decanter centrifuge 100 has a drum drive device 25 for driving a centrifuge drum 20 and a worm drive device 45 for driving one Screw conveyor 40 on.
- the decanter centrifuge 100 provided with a liquid weir that is adjustable via a weir adjustment device 35.
- a sensor device 60 is arranged on the dry substance discharge line 27, with which a dry substance concentration C TS can be measured in the dry phase drawn off there; is.
- the measurement signal from the sensor device 60 is applied to the concentration signal input 211 of a weir control device 210.
- a weir gap width control signal with which the weir adjusting device 35 is acted on, is output at its control output 214.
- the design of the weir control device 210 as a PI controller has proven to be particularly suitable. Due to a high integrating component, control deviations can initially be averaged over a period of time, so that the decanting centrifuge system is prevented from swinging up.
- the measurement signal of the sensor device 60 is also on the Concentration signal input 221 of a speed control device 220 activated.
- a weir gap signal input 222 a signal is applied, which is the current Weir gap width transmitted.
- This weir gap signal can directly from the control output 214 of the weir control device 210 can be removed, so that there is a target value of the weir gap represents.
- the actual weir gap width is preferred determined by distance measurement directly on the weir and the Weir gap width signal input 222 of the speed control device 220 activated.
- the speed control device 220 is designed as a step controller.
- the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 2 when using the method differs from the first from FIG. 1 in that it has a deactivation device 215 which only unlocks the speed control device 220 when the start-up phase of the process has ended and the weir gap width x w has been provisionally adjusted by the weir control device 210. Furthermore, the deactivation device 215 deactivates the speed control device 220 after a change in the drum speed until the associated influence on the dry substance concentration c TS to be measured on the sensor device 60 has been compensated for again by the weir control device 210. The speed control device 220 is then activated again, so that it can, if necessary, carry out a further change in the drum speed.
- FIG. 3 shows the internal structure of a decanter centrifuge 1 shown, consisting essentially of a centrifuge drum 20, a hollow shaft 20, a liquid weir 30 and there is a screw conveyor 40.
- the centrifuge drum 20 is rotatable at bearings 23, 24 stored and can via a drum drive device 25th (see Fig. 1) are rotated.
- a hollow shaft 10 is arranged, which via bearings 15, 16 is rotatably mounted on the drum jacket 21.
- a stationary inlet pipe 11 projects through the bore of the hollow shaft 10 into, which opens at least one inlet recess 12. Through this is a connection from the inner hole to External circumference of the hollow shaft 10 created.
- hollow shaft 10 On the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 10 is a screw conveyor 40 attached, which rotates via a worm drive device 45 is.
- the worm drive device 45 can also Be part of the drum drive device 25, for example be formed by a separate gear stage.
- hollow shaft 10 and drum jacket 21 are arranged concentrically, so that between the hollow shaft 10 and the drum jacket 21 an annular space 26 is formed.
- the hollow shaft 10 has one Immersion disc 14 on the one shown in Figure 1 Embodiment near a cross-sectional taper of hollow shaft 10 and drum shell 21 is arranged.
- the Exchange disc 14 is attached to the hollow shaft 10 and closes the annular space 26 towards the hollow shaft.
- the outer The circumference of the exchange disk 14 is spaced from the inner circumference of the centrifuge jacket 21, so that there is a passage of liquid or dry substance is possible.
- At the The end of the conical area includes the drum jacket 21 provided at least one dry matter discharge recess 22.
- a liquid weir 30 is arranged at the opposite axial end of the centrifuge drum 20 at the opposite axial end of the centrifuge drum 20 .
- the centrifuge drum 20 is completed with a weir plate 32, which has individual recesses, the leakage of liquid allow.
- the weir plate 32 is opposite Throttle plate 34 arranged on a stationary part the housing of the decanter centrifuge 1 is attached and does not rotate with the cylinder drum 20.
- the throttle plate 34 is displaceable parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylinder drum 20.
- the width of one between weir plate 32 and Throttle plate 34 forming weir gap 33 is thus also variable with rotating cylinder drum 20.
- the adjustment of the throttle plate 34 can be via electrical or pneumatic adjustment devices that are made via a gap width signal are controllable, which from the control output 214 of a weir control device 210 is output.
- FIG. 6 shows a section of a decanter centrifuge with a pneumatic liquid weir 330.
- This has a U-shaped liquid channel with an inlet opening 331 directed towards the centrifuge drum 20, a U-shaped bend 333 and an outlet opening 332. It closes in FIG. 6 Embodiment shown another U-shaped channel deflection, so that a labyrinth seal is formed with 4 deflections.
- a compressed gas line 334 allows compressed gas to be blown into the liquid channel in the region of the U-shaped bend 333, where a hydrohermetic pressure chamber is formed.
- the pressurized gas introduced into the bend 333 increases the flow resistance for the liquid phase 54 and thus increases the dynamic pressure at the liquid weir 330, so that the pond depth X T increases and the dry substance concentration of the discharged sludge phase 52 decreases. If the gas pressure is chosen too high, the gas phase breaks out of the bend 333 of the channel and either collects in the centrifuge drum 20 or flows outwards. At a gas pressure that corresponds approximately to the pressure of the rotating liquid phase in the bend 333, no more gas passes into the liquid phase 54 so that it can emerge unhindered. If these pressure values are exceeded or fallen below, the pond depth x T is no longer influenced.
- the method of the invention can be used in the same way as previously stated for a decanter centrifuge with a mechanically adjustable liquid weir 30.
- the previously described decanter centrifuge system can also be operated with its sensors 60 and control devices 210, 220 as well as together with a decanter centrifuge with a pneumatically adjustable liquid weir 330.
- the product to be processed is a Multi-phase mixture containing at least one liquid phase and has an insoluble solid phase.
- the solid phase with the lowest possible Separate residual liquid nevertheless should the dry phase consisting of solid and residual liquid still be conveyable through pipelines, so that it must remain fluid. This objective arises for example in the processing of sewage sludge in municipal Sewage treatment plants.
- the cylinder drum 20 is accelerated to a high nominal speed n Z0 and the product is introduced.
- the nominal speed n Z0 is limited by the design of the decanter centrifuge 100.
- the drying phase 52 which separates out in the centrifuge drum 20 has a high dry substance concentration C TS .
- the nominal speed n Z0 can be lower than the design-related maximum speed n Z, max .
- the process can then be started at a starting speed that corresponds to 0.5 to 0.7 times the maximum speed.
- the dry phase initially has an increased amount of residual water.
- the process is started with a weir wide open so that as much liquid as possible can flow off.
- the nominal speed n Z0 is chosen so high at the beginning of the process that a strong phase separation is achieved and that fine dust is not washed out with the separated liquid phase.
- the weir gap width x W of the weir gap 33 is initially set to a start value when the process is started, which is approximately 0.5% to 5% of the maximum adjustable weir gap width X W, max .
- the pressure in the annular space 26 rises through the narrow weir gap 33, so that liquid 54 presses into the centrifuged drying phase 52.
- the drying phase 52 thus diluted again is conveyed past the immersion disk 14 to the dry substance discharge recess 22.
- the width ratios on the weir are shown schematically in FIGS. 5a and 5b.
- the liquid phase 54 is flung radially outwards due to the high centrifugal forces.
- the gap width x W is then without influence on the hydraulic conveyance of the drying phase 52 in the centrifuge drum 20.
- the maximum adjustable weir gap width x W, max is therefore the width of the weir gap 33 at which the throttling plate 34 is just being wetted by the emerging liquid phase 54 takes place and thus a regulation of the dynamic pressure of the liquid phase can take place.
- the weir gap width x W is then regulated as a function of the dry matter concentration C TS in the extracted drying phase 52 until a predetermined desired dry matter concentration C TS, 0 is reached .
- a weir gap width is defined as the desired working point, which is determined taking into account machine-technical and product-specific data and, if necessary, determined through preliminary tests. Furthermore, a weir gap width tolerance range designated 37 in FIG. 4b and a starting weir gap width x W, 1 are defined. The width of the weir gap width tolerance range 37 is preferably 0.5% to 5% of the maximum weir gap width x W, max .
- the working point can also be in the middle of the process effective travel range of the throttle plate 34 set so that there are equally large reserves for the Travel path of the throttle plate in both directions.
- the optimization of the method according to the invention begins with a view to saving energy, provided that the regulated weir gap width x W is not within the weir gap width tolerance range 37.
- weir gap width lies within the weir gap width tolerance range 37, the process is continued without optimizing energy consumption by continuously feeding in the product and subtracting the liquid and dry phases.
- a control of the weir gap width reacts to changes in concentration or quantity in the feed, so that the dry matter concentration C TS corresponds to a predetermined target value again after a short period of time.
- the drum speed n Z is increased so that the dry substance concentration C TS tends to be increased in the dry phase. This is counteracted by an increase in pressure in the liquid phase, which is brought about by reducing the weir gap width x W.
- the throttle plate of the weir is again positioned in the weir gap width tolerance range 37, possibly after repetition.
- the centrifuge drum speed n Z is reduced by a speed step value ⁇ n Z , which is preferably 2% of the maximum nominal speed. It is also possible to carry out the method with speed step values ⁇ n Z of 30 to 70 rpm. It has been shown that, on the one hand, this preferred value for the speed step values is large enough to bring about energy savings in the shortest possible time and in as few steps as possible. On the other hand, the amount of change imposed on the process does not cause the system to swing up or have any other negative effects.
- the weir gap width x W is readjusted as a function of the dry matter concentration c TS in the subtracted drying phase 52 until a predetermined desired dry matter concentration C TS, 0 is reached .
- the weir 30 is then in a position in which there are still sufficient reserves to move the throttle valve 34 in the process-technically effective range and thus to change the weir gap width x W if a change in the quantity and / or composition of the product added so requires ,
- the decanting system of the invention is used for drying, thickening or reducing the volume flow of sewage sludge, which is a mixture of liquid and solids with a dry matter content of 0.1-50 g / l.
- the aim is to dewater to a dry matter concentration C TS of 60 g / l.
- FIG. 4 shows the time course of the drum speed n z (FIG. 4a), the weir gap width x W (FIG. 4b) and the volume flow of the product supplied (FIG. 4c) in the method according to the invention.
- the weir gap width x W is increased in a ramp function until the drum is completely filled with the volume of the multi-phase mixture provided during operation, the predetermined drum speed is reached and a constant volume throughput in the decanter centrifuge is available.
- phase "I" which comprises steps a) to d) of the method according to the invention, the weir gap width x W is readjusted until a predefined dry substance concentration C TS is reached in the removed drying phase 52.
- phase “II” a check is carried out at the beginning of phase “II” as to whether the weir gap width x W is already within the weir gap width tolerance range 37, which is shown in FIG. 4b between the dashed lines.
- the drum speed n Z can be reduced by a speed step value ⁇ n Z , thereby saving energy.
- the lower dry matter concentration C TS due to the reduction of the drum speed in the discharged dry phase is compensated for by an increase in the weir gap width x W.
- phase "IV” the weir gap width x W after the readjustment has been carried out is within the weir gap width tolerance range 37.
- the speed control device 220 is deactivated, and there is no further reduction in the drum speed.
- the weir 30 is now in a position from out the decanter centrifuge system of the invention Changes in the product feed react in both directions can.
- the weir gap 33 can be opened further to the Dehydration in a product with a lower dry matter concentration to increase. But he can go on be closed, which makes a more concentrated Product a certain residual moisture in the carried out drying phase remains what a clogging of the discharge side Pipe systems prevented.
- phase "V" of FIG. 4c an increase in the inflow amount, for example due to a rain shower, is recorded. At the same time, the solids content is lower. In order to keep the dry matter concentration C TS of the discharge constant, the weir gap width x W is greatly increased out of the tolerance range 37 in order to be able to draw off more and more liquid.
- the process flow is also in the flow chart of the Fig. 7 shows graphically: First the centrifuge drum start and the weir to a starting weir gap can be set. It then becomes the feed of the multiphase mixture opened in the rotating decanter centrifuge, that is gradually being filled with it. The liquid phase and the drying phase is continuously subtracted.
- the weir control device 210 (cf. FIGS. 1, 2) is used for the weir position the discharge concentration to the desired Setpoint adjusted. During this time the function is the speed control device 220 is still bridged. After this this bridging period has ended, the scheme Approved. For the specific application is considered of machine-technical and plant-specific Data of the optimal working point of the weir control system 210 set. From this operating point the Area in which the decanter centrifuge is procedural and works optimally in terms of energy consumption. The central position and width of this area become the definition of a weir gap tolerance range.
- the current position of the weir is then determined and with compared to the weir gap tolerance range.
- the control valve's control value is below of this area, the decanter is underutilized and the drum speed, which is related to the energy consumption of the Separation process is directly related to one Speed step value can be reduced.
- the control output value leaves the range in positive Direction, the drum speed is too low and must be raised to the weir position in the weir gap width tolerance range due.
- the result for the Weir control equipment that is constantly active may be a new one Operating point. This operating point must be determined by the control and be approached. This will be a recovery time started for the scheme. After this time begins again the cycle that defines the weir gap tolerance range and a new comparison of the weir position with the tolerance range.
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Description
- eine ringförmige Tauchscheibe, die an ihrem inneren Umfang mit einer Welle verbunden ist und deren Außendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser einer Zentrifugentrommel; und
- wenigstens ein endseitig an der Zentrifugentrommel angeordnetes Flüssigkeitswehr mit einem Wehrspalt, durch den die Flüssigkeitsphase aus der Zentrifugentrommel ableitbar ist, und mit einer Teichtiefeneinstellvorrichtung, mit der die Teichtiefe xT der in der Zentrifugentrommel rotierenden Flüssigkeitsphase einstellbar ist,
- a) Anlaufen der Zentrifugentrommel auf eine Starttrommeldrehzahl nZ,1 und Einstellen der Teichtiefe xT auf eine Startteichtiefe xT,1;
- b) Einleiten des Mehrphasengemisches in die rotierende Zentrifugentrommel;
- c) Abzug der Trockenphase durch die wenigstens eine Trokkensubstanzaustragsausnehmung und Abzug der Flüssigkeitsphase durch den Wehrspalt;
- d) Regeln der Teichtiefe XT mittels der Teichtiefeneinstellvorrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS in der abgezogenen Trockenphase bis zum Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Soll-Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS,1.
Ein Verfahren, das zum Betreiben einer Dekantierzentrifuge mit einem verstellbaren Flüssigkeitswehr geeignet wäre, ist nicht offenbart.
- einer Dekantierzentrifuge umfassend:
- eine Hohlwelle, die wenigstens ein innenliegendes Einlaufrohr aufweist;
- eine um die Hohlwelle rotierbare Zentrifugentrommel, welche mit wenigstens einer in ihren Trommelmantel eingebrachten Trockensubstanzaustragsausnehmung versehen ist;
- eine ringförmigen Tauchscheibe, die an ihrem inneren Umfang mit der Hohlwelle verbunden ist und deren Außendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Trommelmantels;
- wenigstens ein endseitig an der Zentrifugentrommel angeordnetes Flüssigkeitswehr mit einem Wehrspalt, durch den die Flüssigkeitsphase aus der Zentrifugentrommel ableitbar ist, und mit einer Teichtiefeneinstellvorrichtung, mit der die Teichtiefe xT der in der Zentrifugentrommel rotierenden Flüssigkeitsphase einstellbar ist,
- einer Sensoreinrichtung zur Messung der Trockensubstanzkonzentration cTS in der abgezogenen Trockenphase;
- eine Wehrregeleinrichtung zur Regelung der Teichtiefe xT in Abhängigkeit von der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS.
- und einer Drehzahlregeleinrichtung zur Regelung der Trommeldrehzahl nz in Abhängigkeit von der Teichtiefe xT und von der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS, mit einem Konzentrationssignaleingang, einem Teichtiefensignaleingang und einem Drehzahlsteuersignalausgang.
- Fig. 1
- eine erste Ausführungsform eines Dekantierzentrifugensystems in schematischer Übersicht;
- Fig. 2
- eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Dekantierzentrifugensystems in schematischer Übersicht,
- Fig. 3
- den inneren Aufbau einer Dekantierzentrifuge mit mechanischem Flüssigkeitswehr in Schnittansicht;
- Fig. 4a bis 4c
- den Verlauf verschiedener Parameter während des Verfahrens, jeweils aufgetragen in einem Diagramm über der Zeitachse;
- Fig. 5a,b
- die ausströmende Flüssigkeit bei verschiedenen Stellungen eines mechanischen Flüssigkeitswehrs in Schnittansicht;
- Fig. 6
- eine Dekantierzentrifuge mit pneumatischein Flüssigkeitswehr in Schnittansicht; und
- Fig. 7
- den Ablauf des Verfahrens in einem Flussdiagramm.
- Drehzahlabsenkung,
- Nachregelung des Wehrspaltes 33 und
- Überprüfung der Wehrspaltweite
Claims (23)
- Verfahren zum Trennen eines Mehrphasengemisches (50) in wenigstens eine Flüssigkeitsphase (54) und eine Trockenphase (52) mit einer vorbestimmten Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS,
mittels einer Dekantierzentrifuge (100), die aufweist:eine ringförmige Tauchscheibe (14), die an ihrem inneren Umfang mit einer Welle (10) verbunden ist und deren Außendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser einer Zentrifugentrommel (20); undwenigstens ein endseitig an der Zentrifugentrommel (20) angeordnetes Flüssigkeitswehr mit einem Wehrspalt, durch den die Flüssigkeitsphase (54) aus der Zentrifugentrommel (20) ableitbar ist, und mit einer Teichtiefeneinstellvorrichtung, mit der die Teichtiefe xT der in der Zentrifugentrommel (20) rotierenden Flüssigkeitsphase einstellbar ist,a) Anlaufen der Zentrifugentrommel (20) auf eine Starttrommeldrehzahl nz,1 und Einstellen der Teichtiefe xT auf eine Startteichtiefe xT,1;b) Einleiten des Mehrphasengemisches (50) in die rotierende Zentrifugentrommel (20);c) Abzug der Trockenphase (52) durch die wenigstens eine Trockensubstanzaustragsausnehmung (22) und Abzug der Flüssigkeitsphase (54) durch den Wehrspalt (33);d) Regeln der Teichtiefe xT mittels der Teichtiefeneinstellvorrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS in der abgezogenen Trockenphase (52) bis zum Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Soll-Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS,1;
gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schrittee) Festlegen eines Teichtiefentoleranzbereichs mit einer unteren Teichtiefe xT,U und einer oberen Teichtiefe xT,O;f) Vergleichen der eingeregelten Teichtiefe xW mit dem Teichtiefentoleranzbereich und fortwährende Durchführung der Schritte b) bis f) bei einer innerhalb des Teichtiefentoleranzbereiches liegenden Teichtiefe xT;g) Erhöhen der Zentrifugentrommeldrehzahl nZ um einen Drehzahlstufenwert ΔnZ bei einer Teichtiefe xT, die kleiner ist als die untere Teichtiefe xT,U, oder Absenken der Zentrifugentrommeldrehzahl nZ um einen Drehzahlstufenwert ΔnZ bei einer Teichtiefe xT, die größer ist als die obere Teichtiefe xT,O:h) Nachregeln der Teichtiefe xT in Abhängigkeit von der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS in der abgezogenen Trockenphase (52) bis zum Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Soll-Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS,0;i) Vergleich der nachgeregelten Teichtiefe xT mit einem vorgegebenen Teichtiefentoleranzbereich und Wiederholung der Schritte f) bis i) bei einer außerhalb des Teichtiefentoleranzbereiches liegenden Teichtiefe xT unter fortwährender Einleitung des Mehrphasengemisches (50) in die rotierende Zentrifugentrommel (20) und Abzug der Flüssigkeits- und Trockenphase (54, 52). - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Dekantierzentrifuge (100) verwendet wird, deren Flüssigkeitswehr (30) aus einer Wehrplatte (32) mit wenigstens einer Flüssigkeitsausnehmung und aus einer Drosselplatte (34) besteht, die ortsfest unter Ausbildung eines Wehrspaltes (33) gegenüber der Wehrplatte (32) gelagert und axial verschiebbar ist und dass die Teichtiefe XT über eine Vergrößerung der Wehrspaltweite xW abzusenken und über eine Verringerung der Wehrspaltweite xW zu erhöhen ist, wobei dem Teichtiefentoleranzbereich ein entsprechender Wehrspaltweitentoleranzbereich mit einer unteren Wehrspaltweite xW,U und einer oberen Wehrspaltweite xW,O zugeordnet ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Mittelpunkt des Wehrspaltweitentoleranzbereiches (37) die Hälfte der maximalen Wehrspaltweite xW,max gewählt wird, bei welcher gerade keine Benetzung der Drosselplatte (34) durch die aus dem Wehrspalt (33) austretende Flüssigkeitsphase (54) mehr stattfindet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Mittelpunkt des Wehrspaltweitentoleranzbereiches (37) die in Schritt d) eingeregelte Wehrspaltweite xW gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt a) zur Einstellung der Startteichtiefe xT,1 eine Startwehrspaltweite xW,1 entsprechend 0,5% bis 5% der maximalen Wehrspaltweite xW,max gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Breite des Wehrspaltweitentoleranzbereiches (37) zwischen einer unteren Wehrspaltweite xW,U und einer oberen Wehrspaltweite xW,O 0,5% bis 5% der maximalen Wehrspaltweite xW,max beträgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt d) die Wehrspaltweite xW als lineare Funktion der Zeit erhöht wird, solange eine Regelabweichung der gemessenen Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS von der Soll-Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS,1 mehr als 10% beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Dekantierzentrifuge verwendet wird, deren Flüssigkeitswehr wenigstens einen sich axial erstreckenden, U-förmigen Flüssigkeitskanal aufweist, deren Eintrittsund Austrittsöffnungen zum Außenumfang des Flüssigkeitswehrs hin angeordnet sind und bei dem im Bereich der U-förmigen Biegung ein Druckgas unter Ausbildung einer hydrohermetischen Druckkammer einleitbar ist und dass die Teichtiefe xT durch Erhöhung des Gasdrucks zu erhöhen ist und durch Erniedrigen des Gasdruck abzusenken ist, wobei dem Teichtiefentoleranzbereich ein entsprechender Gasdrucktoleranzbereich mit einem unteren Gasdruck pu und einem oberen Gasdruck po zugeordnet ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Mittelpunkt des Teichtiefentoleranzbereiches die in Schritt d) eingeregelte Teichtiefe xW gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt a) zur Einstellung der Startteichtiefe xT,1 ein Startgasdruck p1 entsprechend 95% bis 99,5% eines maximalen Gasdrucks pmax gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Breite des Gasdrucktoleranzbereiches zwischen einem unteren Gasdruck PU und einem oberen Gasdruck PO 0,5% bis 5% des maximalen Gasdrucks pmax beträgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schritt d) der Gasdruck als lineare Funktion der Zeit gesenkt wird, solange eine Regelabweichung der gemessenen Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS von der Soll-Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS,1 mehr als 10% beträgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Starttrommeldrehzahl nZ,1 die maximal zulässige, bauartbedingte Nenndrehzahl nZ,maxder Dekantierzentrifuge (100) gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Starttrommeldrehzahl nZ,1 dem 0,5 fachen bis 0,7fachen der maximal zulässigen, bauartbedingten Nenndrehzahl nZ,max der Dekantierzentrifuge (100) gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Drehzahlstufenwert Δnz 1% bis 3% der maximal zulässigen, bauartbedingten Nenndrehzahl nz,max entspricht.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Drehzahlstufenwert ΔnZ 30...70 Umdrehungen pro Minute beträgt.
- Dekantierzentrifugensystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, mit wenigstens folgenden Einzelteilen:einer Dekantierzentrifuge (100) umfassend:eine Hohlwelle (10), die wenigstens ein innenliegendes Einlaufrohr (11) aufweist;eine um die Hohlwelle (10) rotierbare Zentrifugentrommel (20), welche mit wenigstens einer in ihren Trommelmantel (21) eingebrachten Trockensubstanzaustragsausnehmung (22) versehen ist;einer ringförmigen Tauchscheibe (14), die an ihrem inneren Umfang mit der Hohlwelle (10) verbunden ist und deren Außendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Trommelmantels (21);wenigstens ein endseitig an der Zentrifugentrommel (20) angeordnetes Flüssigkeitswehr mit einem Wehrspalt, durch den die Flüssigkeitsphase (54) aus der Zentrifugentrommel (20) ableitbar ist, und mit einer Teichtiefeneinstellvorrichtung, mit der die Teichtiefe xT der in der Zentrifugentrommel (20) rotierenden Flüssigkeitsphase einstellbar ist,einer Sensoreinrichtung (200) zur Messung der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS in der abgezogenen Trockenphase (52);einer Wehrregeleinrichtung (210) zur Regelung der Teichtiefe xT in Abhängigkeit von der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS;einer Drehzahlregeleinrichtung (220) zur Regelung der Trommeldrehzahl nZ in Abhängigkeit von der Teichtiefe xT und von der Trockensubstanzkonzentration CTS, mit einem Konzentrationssignaleingang (221), einem Teichtiefensignaleingang (222) und einem Drehzahlsteuersignalausgang (224),
- Dekantierzentrifugensystem nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dekantierzentrifuge (100) eine in dem zwischen der Hohlwelle (10) und der Zentrifugentrommel (20) ausgebildeten Kreisringraum (26) angeordnete Förderschnecke (40) aufweist, die mit der Hohlwelle (10) mit einer Schneckendrehzahl nS rotierbar ist, welche gegenüber der Trommeldrehzahl nZ um eine Differenzdrehzahl ΔnS erhöhbar ist.
- Dekantierzentrifugensystem nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flüssigkeitswehr (30) aus einer Wehrplatte (32) mit wenigstens einer Flüssigkeitsausnehmung und aus einer Drosselplatte (34) besteht, die ortsfest unter Ausbildung eines Wehrspaltes (33) gegenüber der Wehrplatte (32) gelagert und axial verschiebbar ist.
- Dekantierzentrifugensystem nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Flüssigkeitswehr (330) wenigstens einen sich axial erstreckenden, U-förmigen Flüssigkeitskanal aufweist, deren Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnungen (331, 332) zum Außenumfang des Flüssigkeitswehrs (330) hin angeordnet sind und bei dem im Bereich einer U-förmigen Biegung (333) Druckgas unter Ausbildung einer hydrohermetischen Druckkammer über eine Druckgasleitung (334) einleitbar ist.
- Dekantierzentrifugensystem (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wehrregeleinrichtung (210) ein PI-Regler oder ein PID-Regler ist.
- Dekantierzentrifugensystem (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehzahlregeleinrichtung (220) ein Schrittregler ist, der einen Teichtiefensignaleingang (222), eine Konzentrationssignaleingang (221) und einen Drehzahlsteuersignalausgang (224) aufweist.
- Dekantierzentrifugensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Teichtiefensignaleingang (221) der Drehzahlregeleinrichtung (220) und der Wehrsteuersignalausgang (214) der Wehrregeleinrichtung (210) direkt miteinander verbunden sind.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01102962A EP1232794B1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Verfahren zum Trennen eines Mehrphasengemisches und Dekantierzentrifungensystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
DK01102962T DK1232794T3 (da) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Fremgangsmåde til adskillelse af en flerfaseblanding og et dekanteringscentrifugesystem til udövelse af fremgangsmåden |
AT01102962T ATE268644T1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Verfahren zum trennen eines mehrphasengemisches und dekantierzentrifungensystem zur durchführung des verfahrens |
DE50102530T DE50102530D1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Verfahren zum Trennen eines Mehrphasengemisches und Dekantierzentrifungensystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
US10/467,640 US7115202B2 (en) | 2001-02-08 | 2002-02-05 | Method for the separation of multi-phase mixture and decanting centrifuge system for carrying out said method |
PCT/EP2002/001148 WO2002062483A1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2002-02-05 | Verfahren zum trennen eines mehrphasengemisches und dekantierzentrifugensystem zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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EP01102962A EP1232794B1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Verfahren zum Trennen eines Mehrphasengemisches und Dekantierzentrifungensystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
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EP1232794A1 EP1232794A1 (de) | 2002-08-21 |
EP1232794B1 true EP1232794B1 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
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US (1) | US7115202B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1232794B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE268644T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50102530D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1232794T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002062483A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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DE10220757B4 (de) | 2002-05-08 | 2004-06-24 | Westfalia Separator Ag | Zentrifuge, insbesondere Separator |
DE10223802B4 (de) | 2002-05-29 | 2005-06-09 | Westfalia Separator Ag | Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge |
DE10336350B4 (de) | 2003-08-08 | 2007-10-31 | Westfalia Separator Ag | Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge, mit Schälscheibe |
DE102005027553A1 (de) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Westfalia Separator Ag | Drei-Phasen-Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge und Verfahren zur Regelung des Trennprozesses |
EP2015871B1 (de) | 2006-05-11 | 2017-04-26 | GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH | Drei-phasen-trennseparator mit einer schälscheibe und feststoffaustragsöffnungen |
CA2732622C (en) | 2008-08-15 | 2016-01-12 | M-I Llc | Changeable weir inserts for a centrifuge |
SE534386C2 (sv) | 2009-10-29 | 2011-08-02 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | Centrifugalseparator samt metod för separering av fasta partiklar |
DE102022100511A1 (de) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-07-13 | Gea Westfalia Separator Group Gmbh | Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge und Verfahren zur Regelung des Trennprozesses der Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge |
CN115672576B (zh) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏东邦机械有限公司 | 一种基于模糊自适应的卧螺离心机双闭环运行控制*** |
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US3532264A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1970-10-06 | Bird Machine Co | Centrifugal separation apparatus |
JPS5610353A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-02-02 | Suguru Katsume | Completely-enclosed type screw-carrying centrifugal separator |
DE4320265C2 (de) * | 1993-06-18 | 1995-08-03 | Westfalia Separator Ag | Wehr für Vollmantelschleudertrommeln |
DE19500600C1 (de) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-02-08 | Westfalia Separator Ag | Vollmantelzentrifuge |
WO1997020634A1 (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-06-12 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and apparatus for controlling and monitoring continuous feed centrifuge |
US6368264B1 (en) | 1999-03-29 | 2002-04-09 | M-I L.L.C. | Centrifuge control system and method with operation monitoring and pump control |
-
2001
- 2001-02-08 DK DK01102962T patent/DK1232794T3/da active
- 2001-02-08 AT AT01102962T patent/ATE268644T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-08 DE DE50102530T patent/DE50102530D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-08 EP EP01102962A patent/EP1232794B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-02-05 WO PCT/EP2002/001148 patent/WO2002062483A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
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DE50102530D1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
DK1232794T3 (da) | 2004-10-25 |
EP1232794A1 (de) | 2002-08-21 |
WO2002062483A1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
US7115202B2 (en) | 2006-10-03 |
US20040219065A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
ATE268644T1 (de) | 2004-06-15 |
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