EP1227179A1 - Card clothing - Google Patents

Card clothing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1227179A1
EP1227179A1 EP02001334A EP02001334A EP1227179A1 EP 1227179 A1 EP1227179 A1 EP 1227179A1 EP 02001334 A EP02001334 A EP 02001334A EP 02001334 A EP02001334 A EP 02001334A EP 1227179 A1 EP1227179 A1 EP 1227179A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
clothing
tip
degrees
carding
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Granted
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EP02001334A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1227179B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Hirschle
Jürg Faas
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01GPRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/84Card clothing; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • D01G15/86Card clothing; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for with flexible non-metallic backing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a point, the wire set towards the tip two tapering towards each other Has side surfaces, and a method for its production.
  • the invention relates in particular to wire clothing for stationary flat bars or for revolving flat bars of revolving flat aggregates in cards.
  • the carding process of the card plays a crucial role in spinning technology. Like no other sub-process, it influences the quality of the yarn produced as well the productivity of the spinning mill. Carding flakes is done with the help of Clothings.
  • the use of suitable sets is therefore essential for the carding process decisive. Thanks to the constant development of sets, Over the past few years or decades, the productivity of carding has steadily improved become. This development has led to the fact that today the individual work elements the card uses different sets. Have these trimmings completely different properties and are based on the respective sub-process in the Card optimized.
  • the invention according to this application deals exclusively with wire fittings, on all-steel fittings is therefore only in the following received on the edge.
  • carding fiber flakes The purpose of carding fiber flakes is primarily to dissolve the flakes in individual fibers and to align and parallelize the fibers. Carding also fulfills other functions: further cleaning of the fibers (dust and dirt), the dissolution (or reduction) of nits (which actually corresponds to the individual fiber dissolution), the excretion of short fibers and a mixture (homogenization) of the processed fibers.
  • the carding process takes place in the card at different points or on different working elements of the machine. Carding itself is made possible by the interaction of two sets. A basic distinction is made between the arrangement of the clothing between two positions: the carding position and the removal position. A carding effect is basically achieved through both positions (?). That means also in the acceptance position, albeit to a much lesser extent (is that correct?).
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically how the carding process takes place.
  • the teeth of the gamitures 2 and 3 are arranged in the carding position and move against each other (represented schematically by v1 and v2).
  • the figure shows two all-steel sets, but the process basically works with any set of cards that are in the carding position. Instead of the all-steel set 2, a wire set could also be shown.
  • the figure shows how a fiber 1 is held on the tooth 4 of the set 3 (eg the set of the reel) and is transported thereby. If the free end of the fiber 1 is gripped or touched by one or more teeth of the opposite clothing 2, the fiber 1 experiences a tensile force F1 from the clothing 2. This tensile force is transmitted from the free end of the fiber to the end abutting tooth 4 (tensile force F2).
  • the force component A presses the fiber against the clothing and holds it there. It contributes significantly to the carding process. It is it that holds the fibers to the teeth or tips of the clothing and thus allows the clothing to dissolve and align the fibers, almost like a comb.
  • the force component B is a pull-in force that pulls the fiber 1 into the clothing.
  • the retention capacity of the clothing also depends on the force component B.
  • the literature states that carding is carried out primarily by the upper edge 6.
  • Used clothing also has signs of wear on the side edges 7, which is why it can be assumed that the side edges 7 also make a significant contribution to the carding process.
  • How well fibers are held by the clothing elements primarily depends on the sharpness of the edges. Due to the constant processing of the fiber material, the edges of the clothing (especially the edge 6) round off over time and become blunt. As a result, the retention capacity of the clothing decreases and the carding process deteriorates. It is therefore important for the carding process and the retention that the sets are sharp and regrinded if necessary. If one looks at the examples shown in FIGS.
  • the present invention relates to wire clothing for cards (see Figures 5 and 6). Such sets can be found primarily in stationary flat bars or in the revolving flat bars of revolving flat aggregates. However, the invention is not limited to this area of application for wire clothing.
  • the wire sets are in carding position with the all-steel sets of the reel. The most important functions of the card, the single fiber dissolving, the stretching and parallelization of the fibers, are brought about by the interaction between the reel set and the cover set or by their carding work. Carding also has a cleaning function, namely the short fiber, dirt and dust excretion. There must therefore be enough space between the individual wire sets to allow dirt to be deposited (which must be removed periodically).
  • the wire fittings of the cover therefore make a significant contribution to the carding work of the card.
  • the fibers should stick to the all-steel clothing of the reel and the wire clothing of the covers should be aligned or carded.
  • the retention capacity of the all-steel clothing of the reel must therefore be greater than the retention capacity of the lid wire clothing.
  • the wire clothing should only card the fibers and not hold them, ie only touch them to such an extent that they are aligned.
  • Fiber flakes or nits should only stick to the wire clothing to the extent that they are broken down into individual fibers by the increased retention capacity of the all-steel clothing of the reel, whereby the individual fibers are transported on through the all-steel clothing.
  • the wire clothing of the lids would have to have a small contact surface, ie be needle-shaped. In the ideal case, they should have a point-like tip and the smallest possible cross-section without sharp edges (as with the all-steel set), so that the retention is as limited as possible.
  • a wire set that is too thin tends to be unable to withstand the load and to deform.
  • very thin wire clothing can be poorly inserted into the fabric or plastic layers, for example, pierced.
  • FIG. 7 shows a wire clothing 14 in different views with such a side grinding 11.
  • the ground sides are to be understood as meaning those surface areas of the wire clothing that do not lie frontally in the carding direction 15, but are approximately normal to them.
  • the abrasive surface and the retention capacity mentioned above are reduced by grinding and thus the carding efficiency is increased.
  • the clothing tip changes to a sharp degree 17. The individual wire clothing is first inserted into the fabric layer and then ground on the sides of the tip.
  • Wire sets are often made from flat wire, round wire or a biconvex wire and have an (unprocessed) diameter in width B (ie transverse to the carding direction, see FIG. 7) from 0.33 mm to 0.255 mm.
  • FIG. 5 shows, for example, typical semi-rigid sets 8. These are embedded in single or multi-layer, less elastic fabric or plastic layers 9. These semi-rigid sets 8 consist of flat wire, biconvex wire or round wire, can be bent in a U-shape (ie as a double hook, see figure) and have a tip with a side grinding 10.
  • the wire sets When using flat wire, the wire sets usually have no knee 11, with biconvex - Or round wire are common with and without knees. The presence of a knee is irrelevant for the wire clothing according to the invention.
  • Semi-rigid sets are, as mentioned, embedded in less elastic or deeper fabric or plastic layers 9. As a result, the wire can be bent less and hardly moved. The semi-rigid sets 8 can therefore yield much less when loaded than the elastic sets described below. The sets are also mostly hardened.
  • FIG. 6 shows flexible sets 12. These flexible sets 12 are individually (not shown) or as U-shaped double hooks inserted into elastic, possibly multilayered fabric layers 13 (more elastic layers than the fabric layers 9).
  • the flexible sets 12 can also consist of flat wire, biconvex wire or round wire.
  • FIG. 6 shows sets made of flat wire with side cut.
  • the wire sets usually have no knee, when using biconvex or round wire, designs with a knee are also common.
  • the sets are often hardened.
  • the invention can typically be applied to sets, ie wire sets, according to FIGS. 5 and 6, but is not limited to them.
  • the term “wire clothing” is understood to mean both semi-rigid fittings 8 and flexible fittings 12. The application of the idea of the invention relates to such "wire sets”.
  • the term “wire clothing” is in particular not to be understood to mean all-steel clothing with saw tooth wire, as was shown, for example, in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4.
  • the wire sets have to find an optimum in their interaction with the all-steel sets, for example the reel.
  • the wire clothing must not have too high a retention capacity, but it should nevertheless card the fibers.
  • the wire sets of the covers must therefore have the smallest possible contact surface, for example, be needle-shaped with a point-like tip.
  • the tips of the wire clothing maintain their optimal shape (small contact surface due to the sharp tip). Due to the constant carding of fiber material, the tips in the working area of the wire clothing wear out over time and become dull. An example of such a blunt clothing tip is shown in FIG.
  • the service life of the wire clothing is therefore influenced by the aggressiveness and the frequency of regrinding.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to design a wire clothing in such a way that it needs to be serviced as rarely as possible, ie, regrind.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ at least one of the two side surfaces 11 has an amount that is less than 5 Degree, particularly preferably it is less than 4.5 degrees.
  • the so-called side grinding usually works maximum up to the so-called knee of the needle 11, i.e. until the needle is bent. This corresponds to a height of about 3 mm away from the tip of the wire trim.
  • the wire set have, as mentioned, a normal wire thickness B transverse to the carding direction of 0.255 to 0.33 mm. This results in a minimum inclination angle ⁇ of 2.43 to 3,148, depending on the wire thickness.
  • the needle can be extended by lengthening the side grinding can be made slimmer or the angle of inclination ⁇ can be reduced. By the smaller angle of inclination ⁇ takes a comparatively longer time until the clothing tip has worn such that the edge surface 16 is formed. This effect is in Figure 11 illustrates.
  • the idea of the invention therefore comprises a wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a tip, the wire clothing having two wedge-shaped side faces towards the tip, the side faces having a vertical height h of at least 3 mm towards the clothing tip.
  • the side faces preferably have a vertical height h of 3 mm to 4.5 mm towards the clothing tip.
  • the idea of the invention can also be expressed by the angle of inclination of the ground side surface.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of at least one of the two side surfaces must have the following amount: Wire widths B transverse to the carding direction (see figures for value B): Tilt angle ⁇ less than or equal to: Up to 0.255 mm 2.43 degrees Between 0.255 and 0.28 mm 2.43 degrees Between 0.28 and 0.305 mm 2.7 degrees Between 0. 305 and 0.33 mm 2.91 degrees About 0.33 mm 3.15 degrees
  • angle of inclination ⁇ are depending on the wire thickness, i.e. Width B, 2.43 degrees, 2.67 degrees or 2.91 degrees or 3.15 degrees.
  • Wire clothing according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that that the set also has an undercut.
  • the idea of the invention also encompasses the process for the production of these wire clothing for textile machines.
  • the tips of the wire clothing will be provided with a side grinding (side grinding) on one or both sides, so that the clothing has two wedge-shaped side surfaces towards the tip, and the side grinding is carried out in such a way that the side surface resulting from the side grinding or Side surfaces have a height h (see for example FIG. 9 for h) of 3 mm to 4.5 mm, preferably 3.5 mm towards the clothing tip.
  • a relief grinding is preferably also carried out after or before the side grinding.
  • the suitable wire set corresponds to the previous versions. It can consist of flat wire, round wire, or particularly preferably of biconvex wire.
  • the wire diameter transverse to the carding direction B is preferably in the range from 0.255 to 0.33 mm and in the carding direction from 0.355 to 0.43 mm.
  • the wire set is not an all-steel set (e.g. according to Figures 1 or 2). It is not a saw tooth set.
  • the wire clothing preferably has a knee and / or one or more shoulders.
  • the wire clothing according to the invention is preferably used in stationary flat bars and / or in revolving flat bars of a revolving flat aggregate of a card.
  • the upper part of the wire clothing can be equipped with a shoulder 17.
  • FIG. 13 shows two further possible variants, which are encompassed by the invention become.
  • the figure shows two clothing tips, which only have a side cut on one side have received.
  • the other side quasi has an angle of inclination ⁇ of zero on.
  • One variant also has a shoulder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The wire clothing for a card, to form a fiber web, has points formed by angled wedge surfaces, where the side surfaces have a vertical height (h) of at least 3 mm to the clothing points. The wire clothing, for a card, has angled side surfaces to form the points, with a preferred vertical height of 3.0-4.5 mm to the clothing points. The pitch angle ( alpha ) of the point side surfaces, for clothing wire widths (B) across the carding direction, are set at 2.43 degrees for a wire up to 0.255mm and 0.25-0.28 mm, 2.7 degrees for a wire of 0.28-0.305 mm, 2.91 degrees for a wire of 0.305-0.33 mm and 3.15 degrees for a wire of ≥ 0.33 mm. The clothing wire has an additional relief grinding. The clothing wire is flat, round and particularly preferred as a bi-convex wire. The wire diameter across the carding direction is 0.25-0.33 mm and, in the carding direction, 0.355-0.43 mm. The clothing wire can have a knee bend and/or one or more shoulders. The clothing wire is fitted to static and/or revolving carding flats at a carding assembly.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Drahtgarnitur für Textilmaschinen, insbesondere für Karden, mit einer Spitze, wobei die Drahtgarnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist, und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. Die Erfindung bezieht sich insbesondere auf Drahtgarnituren für stationären Deckelstäbe oder für Wanderdeckelstäbe von Wanderdeckelaggregaten in Karden.The invention relates to a wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a point, the wire set towards the tip two tapering towards each other Has side surfaces, and a method for its production. The invention relates in particular to wire clothing for stationary flat bars or for revolving flat bars of revolving flat aggregates in cards.

Der Kardierprozess der Karde spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in der Spinntechnologie. Er beeinflusst wie kein anderer Teilprozess die Qualität des hergestellten Garnes sowie die Produktivität der Spinnerei. Das Kardieren von Flocken geschieht mit der Hilfe von Garnituren. Für den Kardierprozess ist die Verwendung von geeigneten Garnituren daher ausschlaggebend. Dank der ständigen Weiterentwicklung von Garnituren, konnten in den letzten Jahren oder Jahrzehnten die Produktivität der Karderie ständig verbessert werden. Diese Entwicklung hat dazu geführt, dass man heute an den einzelnen Arbeitselementen der Karde unterschiedliche Garnituren verwendet. Diese Garnituren haben ganz unterschiedliche Eigenschaften und sind auf den jeweiligen Teilprozess in der Karde optimiert. Grundsätzlich lassen sich zwei Gruppen von Garnituren unterscheiden: Drahtgarnituren und Ganzstahlgarnituren. Bei den Drahtgarnituren unterscheidet die Literatur zusätzlich zwischen flexiblen und halbstarren Garnituren. In dieser Anmeldung sind unter "Drahtgarnituren" daher grundsätzlich sowohl flexible als auch halbstarre Garnituren zu verstehen. Die Erfindung gemäss dieser Anmeldung befasst sich ausschliesslich mit Drahtgarnituren, auf Ganzstahlgarnituren wird im folgenden daher nur am Rande eingegangen.The carding process of the card plays a crucial role in spinning technology. Like no other sub-process, it influences the quality of the yarn produced as well the productivity of the spinning mill. Carding flakes is done with the help of Clothings. The use of suitable sets is therefore essential for the carding process decisive. Thanks to the constant development of sets, Over the past few years or decades, the productivity of carding has steadily improved become. This development has led to the fact that today the individual work elements the card uses different sets. Have these trimmings completely different properties and are based on the respective sub-process in the Card optimized. There are basically two groups of sets: Wire fittings and all-steel fittings. The difference between wire sets Additional literature between flexible and semi-rigid sets. In this registration are therefore basically both flexible and semi-rigid under "wire fittings" Understand sets. The invention according to this application deals exclusively with wire fittings, on all-steel fittings is therefore only in the following received on the edge.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Garnituren bekannt. Zum Beispiel werden in CH 661 531, DE 39 24 890, FR 1176435, CH 177219, DE 35 36 403 C2, DE 24 47 470 verschiedene Anordnungen von Garnituren beschrieben.Various sets are known from the prior art. For example in CH 661 531, DE 39 24 890, FR 1176435, CH 177219, DE 35 36 403 C2, DE 24 47 470 different arrangements of sets described.

Um die Wirkungsweise der erfindungsgemässen Drahtgarnitur zu begreifen, ist es wichtig den Kardierprozess verstehen. Im folgenden wird daher der Kardierprozess kurz erläutert. In order to understand the mode of operation of the wire set according to the invention, it is important to understand the carding process. In the following, the carding process is therefore brief explained.

Das Kardieren von Faserflocken bezweckt und beinhaltet in erster Linie die Auflösung der Flocken in Einzelfasem und das Ausrichten und Parallelisieren der Fasern. Darüber hinaus erfüllt das Kardieren weitere Funktionen: Die weitere Reinigung der Fasern (Staub und Schmutzausscheidung), die Auflösung (oder Reduzierung) von Nissen (was eigentlich der Einzelfaserauflösung entspricht), die Ausscheidung von Kurzfasern und eine Mischung (Homogenisierung) der verarbeiteten Fasern. Der Kardierprozess erfolgt in der Karde an verschiedenen Stellen bzw. an verschiedenen Arbeitselementen der Maschine. Das Kardieren wird an sich durch das Zusammenwirken von zwei Garnituren ermöglicht. Man unterscheidet grundsätzlich durch die Anordnung der Garnituren zwischen zwei Stellungen: Die Kardier- und die Abnahmestellung. Eine Kardierwirkung wird grundsätzlich durch beide Stellungen erzielt(?). D.h. auch in der Abnahmestellung, wenn auch in viel geringerem Masse (stimmt das?). In der Kardierstellung sind die Zähne der Garnituren gegeneinander gerichtet (Figur 1). Diese Anordnung findet man zwischen Tambour und Deckel vor, wie auch zwischen Tambour und Abnehmer. Damit ein Kardieren stattfindet, muss eine Relativgeschwindigkeit v1 zwischen den Garnituren resultieren, so dass sich die Garnituren gegeneinander bewegen. Bei dieser Relativbewegung werden die einzelnen Fasern der Flocken durch die gegeneinander gerichteten Gamituren auseinandergezogen, gestreckt und parallelisiert. In der Abnahmestellung (siehe Figur 2) bewegen sich die Zähne in die Richtung in die sie zeigen. Bei dieser Relativbewegung werden die einzelnen Fasern von der langsameren Garnitur an die schnellere Garnitur übergeben. Diese Stellung ist typischerweise zwischen Briseur und Tambour zu finden.
In Figur 3 wird schematisch gezeigt, wie der Kardierprozess stattfindet. Die Zähne der Gamituren 2 und 3 sind in Kardierstellung angeordnet und bewegen sich gegeneinander (durch v1 und v2 schematisch dargestellt). Die Figur zeigt zwei Ganzstahlgarnituren, der Vorgang funktioniert aber grundsätzlich mit beliebigen Garniturtypen, die in Kardierstellung zueinander stehen. Anstelle der Ganzstahlgamitur 2 könnte also auch eine Drahtgarnitur dargestellt sein. Die Figur zeigt, wie sich eine Faser 1 am Zahn 4 der Garnitur 3 (z.B. die Garnitur des Tambours) hält und dadurch transportiert wird. Wird das freie Ende der Faser 1 durch einen oder mehrere Zähne der gegenüberliegenden Garnitur 2 erfasst oder berührt, so erfährt die Faser 1 von der Garnitur 2 eine Zugkraft F1. Diese Zugkraft wird von freien Ende der Faser zum am Zahn 4 anliegenden Ende übertragen (Zugkraft F2). Diese Zugkräfte strecken und richten die Faser 1 aus. Sind mehrere Fasern als Flocken ineinander verworren, so werden sie durch diese Zugkräfte (Kardierkräfte genannt) zusätzlich in Einzelfasern aufgelöst. Betrachtet man die Zugkraft F2 des am Zahn 4 haftende Ende der Faser, so lässt sich diese Zugkraft in die zwei Kraftkomponenten A und B aufteilen. Die Kraftkomponente A drückt die Faser gegen die Garnitur und hält sie dort fest. Sie trägt massgebend zur Kardierprozess bei. Sie ist es, welche die Fasern an den Zähnen oder Spitzen der Garnituren hält und damit erlaubt, dass die Garnituren die Fasern, quasi wie ein Kamm, auflösen und ausrichten. Die Kraftkomponente B hingegen ist eine Einzugskraft, welche die Faser 1 in die Garnitur hineinzieht. Sie sorgt dafür, dass die Fasern an den Garnituren bleiben und damit überhaupt kardiert werden können. Von der Kraftkomponente B ist auch das Rückhaltevermögen der Garnitur abhängig. Je grösser die Neigung der vorderen Zahnflanken 5, desto höher ist das Rückhaltevermögen der Garnituren, um so aggressiver ist der Kardierprozess weil die Fasern eher oder länger am einzelnen Garniturelement haften bleiben.
Betrachtet man diese Vorgänge, so wird schnell klar, der Kardierprozess davon abhängt, wie gut das Rückhaltevermögen der Garnitur ist bzw. wie gut die Fasern von den Garnituren "gehalten" werden. Wie in Figur 4 beispielhaft gezeigt wird, werden die Fasern 1 durch die Zahnflanke 5 des Garniturelementes 4 gehalten und zwar sowohl von der Oberkante 6 als auch von den beiden Seitenkanten 7. Die Literatur besagt, dass vor allem durch die Oberkante 6 kardiert wird. Gebrauchte Garnituren haben aber auch Verschleissspuren an den Seitenkanten 7, weshalb davon auszugehen ist, dass auch die Seitenkanten 7 einen wesentlichen Beitrag zum Kardierprozess liefern. Wie gut Fasern von den Garniturelementen gehalten werden hängt in erster Linie von der Schärfe der Kanten ab. Durch das ständige Bearbeiten des Fasermaterials runden sich die Kanten der Garnitur (vor allen die Kante 6) mit der Zeit ab und werden somit stumpf. Das Rückhaltevermögen der Garnitur nimmt dadurch ab und der Kardierprozess wird verschlechtert. Für den Kardierprozess und das Rückhaltevermögen ist es daher wichtig, dass die Garnituren scharf sind und bei Bedarf nachgeschliffen werden.
Betrachtet man die in den Figuren 1 und 3 gezeigte Beispiele, so erkennt man, dass es bei gleichen in Kardierstellung gegenüberliegenden Garniturtypen eigentlich Zufall wäre, an welcher Garnitur die Faser hängen bleibt und weitertransportiert wird und welche Garnitur die Faser auskardiert. Natürlich will man den Fasertransport und die Art und Weise der gleichzeitigen Faserbearbeitung nicht dem Zufall überlassen. Es gibt unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten und Faktoren, um den Fluss der Fasern und das Kardieren zu beeinflussen: Die gegenüberliegenden Gamituren weisen unterschiedliche Graniturdichten auf, die Fasern werden von einer Garnitur ständig abtransportiert, die Garnituren weisen unterschiedliche Geschwindigkeiten auf, die Strömungsverhältnisse werden angepasst (z.B. durch Zwickel zwischen Tambour und Abnehmer) und besonders effektiv: Unterschiedliche Rückhaltevermögen der Garnituren durch Garniturschärfe und spezielle Formgebung (Einzugsvermögen, Griffigkeit) der einzelnen Elemente.
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf Drahtgarnituren für Karden (siehe Figuren 5 und 6). Derartige Garnituren sind vor allem in stationären Deckelstäben oder in den Wanderdeckelstäben von Wanderdeckelaggregaten anzufinden. Die Erfindung beschränkt sich aber nicht auf diesen Anwendungsbereich für Drahtgarnituren. Die Drahtgarnituren stehen, wie oben beschrieben, in Kardierstellung zu den Ganzstahlgarnituren des Tambours. Die wichtigsten Funktionen der Karde, das Einzelfaserauflösen, das Ausstrecken und Parallelisieren der Fasern, werden durch das Zusammenspiel zwischen der Tambourgarnitur und der Deckelgarnitur bewirkt bzw. durch deren Kardierarbeit. Das Kardieren hat auch eine Reinigungsfunktion und zwar die Kurzfaser-, Schmutz- und Staubausscheidung. Zwischen den einzelnen Drahtgarnituren muss daher genug Platz sein, um das Ablagern von Schmutz zu erlauben (welches periodisch entfernt werden muss). Die Drahtgarnituren der Deckel tragen daher massgeblich zur Kardierarbeit der Karde bei. Die Fasern sollen an der Ganzstahlgarnitur des Tambours hängen bleiben und von der Drahtgarnitur der Deckel ausgerichtet bzw. kardiert werden. Das Rückhaltevermögen der Ganzstahlgarnitur des Tambours muss daher grösser sein, als das Rückhaltevermögen der Deckel-Drahtgarnituren. Im optimalen Fall, sollen die Drahtgarnituren die Fasern nur kardieren und nicht halten, d.h. nur soweit berühren, dass diese ausgerichtet werden. Faserflocken oder Nissen sollen an den Drahtgarnituren nur insofern hängen bleiben, dass sie durch das erhöhte Rückhaltevermögen der Ganzstahlgarnitur des Tambours in einzelne Fasern aufgelöst werden, wobei die Einzelfasern dabei durch die Ganzstahlgarnitur weitertransportiert werden. Um diese Eigenschaft zu besitzen, zu kardieren ohne den Fasern ein Rückhaltevermögen zu bieten, müssten die Drahtgarnituren der Deckel eine geringe Angriffsfläche besitzen, d.h. nadelförmig sein. D.h. sie sollten im optimalen Fall eine punktförmige Spitze besitzen und einen möglichst kleinen Querschnitt ohne scharfe Kanten (wie bei der Ganzstahlgarnitur), so dass das Rückhaltevermögen möglichst limitiert ist.
Aus Gründen der Stabilität und ist es schwer eine Drahtgarnitur mit der beschriebenen Form herzustellen. Eine zu dünne Drahtgamitur hat die Tendenz der Belastung nicht standhalten zu können und sich zu verformen. Vor allem beim Herstellungsprozess, können sehr dünne Drahtgarnituren schlecht in die Gewebe- oder Plastiklagen eingebracht, z.B. eingestochen werden. Die Verwendung von härterem, steiferem Material für die Produktion der dünnen Drahtgarnituren erhöht zwar deren Stabilität, führt aber zu einer erhöhten Brüchigkeit und einer unerwünschten geringeren Elastizität. Um die Anforderungen zu erfüllen, werden Drahtgarnituren heutzutage in ihrem Arbeitsbereich (d.h. an der Spitze) mit einem Seitenschliff versehen. Die Figur 7 zeigt eine Drahtgarnitur 14 in verschiedenen Ansichten mit einem solchen Seitenschliff 11. Sinngemäss sind unter den geschliffen Seiten diejenigen Oberflächenbereiche der Drahtgarnitur zu verstehen, die nicht frontal in Kardierrichtung 15 liegen, sondern in etwa normal dazu stehen. Durch das Schleifen wird die oben angesprochene Angriffsfläche und das Rückhaltevermögen reduziert und damit die Kardiereffizienz erhöht. Die Garniturspitze geht über in einen scharfen Grad 17. Die einzelnen Drahtgarnituren werden zuerst in die Gewebeschicht eingebracht und anschliessend an den Seiten der Spitze geschliffen. Die vordere Angriffsfläche lässt sich dadurch auf ein Minimum reduzieren, man behält aber Dank dem länglichen Querschnitt in Kardierrichtung die nötige Stabilität (siehe Figur 7). Drahtgarnituren werden oft aus Flachdraht, Runddraht oder einem bikonvexen Draht hergestellt und haben einen (unbearbeiteten) Durchmesser in der Breite B (d.h. quer zur Kardierrichtung, siehe Figur 7) von 0.33 mm bis 0.255 mm. Die Figur 5 zeigt z.B. typische halbstarre Garnituren 8. Diese sind in ein- oder mehrschichtige, weniger elastische Gewebe- oder Plastiklagen 9 eingelassen. Diese halbstarren Garnituren 8 bestehen aus Flachdraht, Bikonvexdraht oder Runddraht, können U-förmig gebogen sein (d.h. als Doppelhäkchen, siehe Figur) und besitzen eine Spitze mit einem Seitenschliff 10. Bei der Verwendung von Flachdraht besitzen die Drahtgarnituren meist kein Knie 11, bei Bikonvex- oder Runddraht sind Ausführungen sowohl mit als auch ohne Knie üblich. Für die erfindungsgemässe Drahtgarnitur ist die Anwesenheit eines Knies belanglos. Halbstarre Garnituren ist wie erwähnt in weniger elastische oder tiefere Gewebe- oder Plastiklagen 9 eingelassen. Dadurch lässt sich der Draht weniger verbiegen und kaum bewegen. Die halbstarren Garnituren 8 können daher bei Belastung weit weniger nachgeben als die im folgenden beschriebenen elastische Garnituren. Die Garnituren sind zudem meist gehärtet. Die Figur 6 zeigt flexible Garnituren 12. Diese flexiblen Garnituren 12 sind einzeln (nicht dargestellt) oder als U-förmiges Doppelhäkchen in elatische, eventuell mehrschichtige Gewebelagen 13 eingestochen (elastischere Schichten als die Gewebeschichten 9). Auch die flexiblen Garnituren 12 können aus Flachdraht, Bikonvexdraht oder Runddraht bestehen. Sie besitzen ebenfalls eine Spitze mit oder ohne einem Seitenschliff 10 (die Figur 6 zeigt Garnituren aus Flachdraht mit Seitenschliff). Wird wie in der Figur gezeigt Flachdraht eingesetzt, besitzen die Drahtgarnituren meist kein Knie, bei der Verwendung von Bikonvex- oder Runddraht sind Ausführungen auch mit Knie üblich. Die Garnituren sind oft gehärtet. Der Erfindung lässt sich typischerweise auf Garnituren, d.h. Drahtgarnituren, gemäss den Figuren 5 und 6 anwenden, ist aber nicht darauf beschränkt.
In dieser Anmeldung sind unter dem Begriff "Drahtgarnitur" sowohl halbstarren Gamituren 8, als auch flexible Garnituren 12 zu verstehen. Die Anwendung der Erfindungsidee bezieht sich auf solche "Drahtgarnituren". Unter dem Begriff "Drahtgarnitur" sind insbesondere nicht Ganzstahlgarnituren mit Sägezahndraht zu verstehen, wie sie beispielsweise in den Figuren 1, 2, 3 und 4 gezeigt wurden. Die Erfindungsgedanke lässt sich auf solchen Ganzstahlgarnituren nicht anwenden.
Wie vorhin angesprochen, muss bei den Drahtgarnituren ein Optimum in ihrem Zusammenspiel mit der Ganzstahlgarnituren, beispielsweise des Tambours, gefunden werden. Die Drahtgarnituren dürfen kein zu hohes Rückhaltevermögen aufweisen, dennoch sollen sie die Fasern kardieren. Die Drahtgarnituren der Deckel müssen daher eine möglichst geringe Angriffsfläche besitzen, zum Beispiel nadelförmig sein mit einer punktförmigen Spitze. Für die Effizienz des Kardierprozesses ist es daher wichtig, dass die Spitzen der Drahtgarnituren ihre optimale Form (geringe Angriffsfläche durch scharfe Spitze) beibehält. Durch das ständige kardieren von Fasermaterial nützen sich die Spitzen im Arbeitsbereich der Drahtgarnituren mit der Zeit aber ab und werden stumpf. Ein Beispiel einer solchen stumpfen Garniturspitze zeigt die Figur 8: Man sieht wie die ursprünglich scharfe Garniturspitze (gestrichelt angedeutet) abgestumpft ist. Da die Kardierarbeit der Drahtgarnituren (wie vorhin angesprochen wurde) vor allem an der Spitze stattfindet, bietet eine stumpfe Spitze 16, wie in Figur 8 dargestellt, eine zu hohe Angriffsfläche und ein zu hohes Rückhaltevermögen im Wechselspiel mit der gegenüberliegenden Garnitur. Der Kardierprozess wird dadurch verschlechtert. Der Zustand der Garniturspitze kann man mit der Kantenfläche 16 quantifizieren. Je grösser die Kantenfläche 16 der Garniturspitze wird, desto mehr verschlechtert sich der Kardierprozess. Erreicht die Kantenfläche 16 eine bestimmte Grösse, so müssen die Drahtgarnituren nachgeschliffen werden. Für das Nachschleifen können verschiedene Verfahren und Vorrichtungen verwendet werden. Besonders einfach und schnell ist das Nachschleifen der Drahtgarnituren mit einer Vorrichtung des Anmelders gemäss der Anmeldung WO 00/13850. Damit müssen die Träger der Drahtgarnituren (meist Deckelstäbe) nicht aus der Karde montiert werden, sondern können während des Betriebes der Karde nachgeschliffen werden (beim Schleifen von Wanderdeckelstäben). Eine solche Vorrichtung erlaubt also ein Wartung der Drahtgarnituren ohne die Maschinen abstellen zu müssen. Der Nachteil der Drahtgarnituren gemäss dem bisher beschriebenen Stand der Technik ist, dass man diese Drahtgarnituren auf die eine oder andere Weise dennoch warten (sprich nachschleifen) muss. Zudem kann man die Gamituren nicht beliebig oft Nachschleifen. Mit einem manuellen Nachschleifen (relativ hohe Schleifintensität bzw. - aggressivität) kann eine Drahtgarnitur ohne Seitenschliff 1 oder 2 mal, mit Seitenschliff bis ca. 4 mal geschliffen werden. Eine Vorrichtung gemäss der obengenannten patentierten Vorrichtung schleift die Drahtgarnituren mehr als 100 Mal, aber weit weniger aggressiv. Die Lebensdauer der Garnitur wird dadurch merklich erhöht. Die Lebensdauer der Drahtgarnituren wird daher von der Aggressivität und der Häufigkeit des Nachschleifens beeinflusst.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher eine Drahtgarnitur derart zu gestalten, dass sie möglichst selten gewartet, d.h. nachgeschliffen werden muss.
The purpose of carding fiber flakes is primarily to dissolve the flakes in individual fibers and to align and parallelize the fibers. Carding also fulfills other functions: further cleaning of the fibers (dust and dirt), the dissolution (or reduction) of nits (which actually corresponds to the individual fiber dissolution), the excretion of short fibers and a mixture (homogenization) of the processed fibers. The carding process takes place in the card at different points or on different working elements of the machine. Carding itself is made possible by the interaction of two sets. A basic distinction is made between the arrangement of the clothing between two positions: the carding position and the removal position. A carding effect is basically achieved through both positions (?). That means also in the acceptance position, albeit to a much lesser extent (is that correct?). In the carding position, the teeth of the clothing are directed towards each other (Figure 1). This arrangement can be found between the drum and the cover, as well as between the drum and the customer. For carding to take place, a relative speed v1 must result between the sets, so that the sets move against one another. During this relative movement, the individual fibers of the flakes are pulled apart, stretched and parallelized by the oppositely directed gamitures. In the removal position (see Figure 2) the teeth move in the direction in which they point. With this relative movement, the individual fibers are transferred from the slower clothing to the faster clothing. This position is typically found between the breeze and drum.
FIG. 3 shows schematically how the carding process takes place. The teeth of the gamitures 2 and 3 are arranged in the carding position and move against each other (represented schematically by v1 and v2). The figure shows two all-steel sets, but the process basically works with any set of cards that are in the carding position. Instead of the all-steel set 2, a wire set could also be shown. The figure shows how a fiber 1 is held on the tooth 4 of the set 3 (eg the set of the reel) and is transported thereby. If the free end of the fiber 1 is gripped or touched by one or more teeth of the opposite clothing 2, the fiber 1 experiences a tensile force F1 from the clothing 2. This tensile force is transmitted from the free end of the fiber to the end abutting tooth 4 (tensile force F2). These tensile forces stretch and align the fiber 1. If several fibers are tangled together as flakes, these tensile forces (called carding forces) also dissolve them into individual fibers. If one considers the tensile force F2 of the end of the fiber adhering to tooth 4, this tensile force can be divided into the two force components A and B. The force component A presses the fiber against the clothing and holds it there. It contributes significantly to the carding process. It is it that holds the fibers to the teeth or tips of the clothing and thus allows the clothing to dissolve and align the fibers, almost like a comb. The force component B, however, is a pull-in force that pulls the fiber 1 into the clothing. It ensures that the fibers remain on the clothing and can therefore be carded at all. The retention capacity of the clothing also depends on the force component B. The greater the inclination of the front tooth flanks 5, the higher the retention capacity of the clothing, the more aggressive the carding process because the fibers stick to the individual clothing element more or longer.
Looking at these processes, it quickly becomes clear that the carding process depends on how good the retention of the clothing is and how well the fibers are "held" by the clothing. As is shown by way of example in FIG. 4, the fibers 1 are held by the tooth flank 5 of the clothing element 4, specifically both from the upper edge 6 and from the two side edges 7. The literature states that carding is carried out primarily by the upper edge 6. Used clothing also has signs of wear on the side edges 7, which is why it can be assumed that the side edges 7 also make a significant contribution to the carding process. How well fibers are held by the clothing elements primarily depends on the sharpness of the edges. Due to the constant processing of the fiber material, the edges of the clothing (especially the edge 6) round off over time and become blunt. As a result, the retention capacity of the clothing decreases and the carding process deteriorates. It is therefore important for the carding process and the retention that the sets are sharp and regrinded if necessary.
If one looks at the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, it can be seen that, in the case of the same clothing types lying opposite one another in the carding position, it would actually be a coincidence on which clothing the fiber gets caught and is transported on and which clothing the fiber carded out. Of course, one does not want to leave the fiber transport and the way of simultaneous fiber processing to chance. There are different possibilities and factors to influence the flow of the fibers and the carding: the opposite yarns have different granulate densities, the fibers are constantly removed by a clothing, the clothing has different speeds, the flow conditions are adjusted (e.g. by gusset) between the spool and the customer) and particularly effective: Different retention capacity of the clothing due to the sharpness of the clothing and special shape (pull-in capacity, grip) of the individual elements.
The present invention relates to wire clothing for cards (see Figures 5 and 6). Such sets can be found primarily in stationary flat bars or in the revolving flat bars of revolving flat aggregates. However, the invention is not limited to this area of application for wire clothing. As described above, the wire sets are in carding position with the all-steel sets of the reel. The most important functions of the card, the single fiber dissolving, the stretching and parallelization of the fibers, are brought about by the interaction between the reel set and the cover set or by their carding work. Carding also has a cleaning function, namely the short fiber, dirt and dust excretion. There must therefore be enough space between the individual wire sets to allow dirt to be deposited (which must be removed periodically). The wire fittings of the cover therefore make a significant contribution to the carding work of the card. The fibers should stick to the all-steel clothing of the reel and the wire clothing of the covers should be aligned or carded. The retention capacity of the all-steel clothing of the reel must therefore be greater than the retention capacity of the lid wire clothing. In the ideal case, the wire clothing should only card the fibers and not hold them, ie only touch them to such an extent that they are aligned. Fiber flakes or nits should only stick to the wire clothing to the extent that they are broken down into individual fibers by the increased retention capacity of the all-steel clothing of the reel, whereby the individual fibers are transported on through the all-steel clothing. In order to have this property of carding without offering the fibers a retention capacity, the wire clothing of the lids would have to have a small contact surface, ie be needle-shaped. In the ideal case, they should have a point-like tip and the smallest possible cross-section without sharp edges (as with the all-steel set), so that the retention is as limited as possible.
For reasons of stability and it is difficult to produce a wire set with the shape described. A wire set that is too thin tends to be unable to withstand the load and to deform. Especially during the manufacturing process, very thin wire clothing can be poorly inserted into the fabric or plastic layers, for example, pierced. The use of harder, stiffer material for the production of the thin wire clothing increases its stability, but leads to increased brittleness and an undesirably lower elasticity. To meet the requirements, wire fittings are now provided with a side grinding in their work area (ie at the top). FIG. 7 shows a wire clothing 14 in different views with such a side grinding 11. The ground sides are to be understood as meaning those surface areas of the wire clothing that do not lie frontally in the carding direction 15, but are approximately normal to them. The abrasive surface and the retention capacity mentioned above are reduced by grinding and thus the carding efficiency is increased. The clothing tip changes to a sharp degree 17. The individual wire clothing is first inserted into the fabric layer and then ground on the sides of the tip. The front contact surface can be reduced to a minimum, but the necessary stability is maintained thanks to the elongated cross-section in the carding direction (see Figure 7). Wire sets are often made from flat wire, round wire or a biconvex wire and have an (unprocessed) diameter in width B (ie transverse to the carding direction, see FIG. 7) from 0.33 mm to 0.255 mm. FIG. 5 shows, for example, typical semi-rigid sets 8. These are embedded in single or multi-layer, less elastic fabric or plastic layers 9. These semi-rigid sets 8 consist of flat wire, biconvex wire or round wire, can be bent in a U-shape (ie as a double hook, see figure) and have a tip with a side grinding 10. When using flat wire, the wire sets usually have no knee 11, with biconvex - Or round wire are common with and without knees. The presence of a knee is irrelevant for the wire clothing according to the invention. Semi-rigid sets are, as mentioned, embedded in less elastic or deeper fabric or plastic layers 9. As a result, the wire can be bent less and hardly moved. The semi-rigid sets 8 can therefore yield much less when loaded than the elastic sets described below. The sets are also mostly hardened. FIG. 6 shows flexible sets 12. These flexible sets 12 are individually (not shown) or as U-shaped double hooks inserted into elastic, possibly multilayered fabric layers 13 (more elastic layers than the fabric layers 9). The flexible sets 12 can also consist of flat wire, biconvex wire or round wire. They also have a tip with or without a side cut 10 (FIG. 6 shows sets made of flat wire with side cut). If flat wire is used as shown in the figure, the wire sets usually have no knee, when using biconvex or round wire, designs with a knee are also common. The sets are often hardened. The invention can typically be applied to sets, ie wire sets, according to FIGS. 5 and 6, but is not limited to them.
In this application, the term "wire clothing" is understood to mean both semi-rigid fittings 8 and flexible fittings 12. The application of the idea of the invention relates to such "wire sets". The term “wire clothing” is in particular not to be understood to mean all-steel clothing with saw tooth wire, as was shown, for example, in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4. The idea of the invention cannot be applied to such all-steel fittings.
As mentioned before, the wire sets have to find an optimum in their interaction with the all-steel sets, for example the reel. The wire clothing must not have too high a retention capacity, but it should nevertheless card the fibers. The wire sets of the covers must therefore have the smallest possible contact surface, for example, be needle-shaped with a point-like tip. For the efficiency of the carding process, it is therefore important that the tips of the wire clothing maintain their optimal shape (small contact surface due to the sharp tip). Due to the constant carding of fiber material, the tips in the working area of the wire clothing wear out over time and become dull. An example of such a blunt clothing tip is shown in FIG. 8: one can see how the originally sharp clothing tip (indicated by dashed lines) has become blunted. Since the carding work of the wire clothing (as mentioned above) takes place primarily at the tip, a blunt tip 16, as shown in FIG. This worsens the carding process. The condition of the clothing tip can be quantified with the edge surface 16. The larger the edge area 16 of the clothing tip, the more the carding process deteriorates. If the edge surface 16 reaches a certain size, the wire clothing must be reground. Various methods and devices can be used for regrinding. Regrinding the wire clothing with a device of the applicant according to the application WO 00/13850 is particularly simple and quick. This means that the supports of the wire clothing (usually flat bars) do not have to be assembled from the card, but can be re-sharpened during operation of the card (when grinding revolving flat bars). Such a device thus allows maintenance of the wire clothing without having to shut down the machines. The disadvantage of the wire sets according to the prior art described so far is that one has to maintain (ie regrind) these wire sets in one way or another. In addition, you cannot regrind the gamitures as often as you like. With manual regrinding (relatively high grinding intensity or aggressiveness), a wire set without side grinding can be ground 1 or 2 times, with side grinding up to approx. 4 times. A device according to the patented device mentioned above grinds the wire clothing more than 100 times, but far less aggressively. This noticeably increases the life of the set. The service life of the wire clothing is therefore influenced by the aggressiveness and the frequency of regrinding.
The object of the present invention is therefore to design a wire clothing in such a way that it needs to be serviced as rarely as possible, ie, regrind.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der Neigungswinkel α mindestens einer der beiden Seitenflächen 11 einen Betrag aufweist, der geringer als 5 Grad ist, besonders bevorzugt ist er geringer als 4.5 Grad.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the angle of inclination α at least one of the two side surfaces 11 has an amount that is less than 5 Degree, particularly preferably it is less than 4.5 degrees.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Figur 9 erklärt. Der sog. Seitenschliff geht üblicherweise im Maximum bis zum sog. Knie der Nadel 11, d.h. bis zum Abbug der Nadel. Dies entspricht einer Höhe von etwa 3 mm von der Spitze der Drahtgamitur weg. Die Drahtgarnitur haben wie erwähnt eine übliche Drahtstärke B quer zur Kardierrichtung von 0.255 bis 0.33 mm. Dadurch ergibt sich ein minimaler Neigungswinkel α von 2.43 bis 3.148, je nach Drahtstärke. Durch Verlängern des Seitenschliffes kann die Nadel schlanker gemacht werden bzw. der Neigungswinkel α kann reduziert werden. Durch den geringeren Neigungswinkel α dauert es vergleichsweise länger bis sich die Garniturspitze derart abgenutzt hat, dass die Kantenfläche 16 entsteht. Dieser Effekt wird in Figur 11 verdeutlicht. Man sieht, dass bei der erfindungsgemässen Garniturspitze mit einem geringeren Neigungswinkel α (schraffiert dargestellt) deutlich mehr Material abgetragen werden muss, bis die gleiche Kantenfläche 16 entsteht. Bei der Abtragung oder Abrundung der Garniturspitze durch den Verschleiss, dauert es bei der erfindungsgemässen Garniturspitze also länger, bis Nachgeschliffen werden muss. Die Figur 9 verdeutlicht auch, dass die Garnitur zusammen mit dem Seitenschliff einen Hinterschliff erhalten kann, was sich günstig auf die Kardiereigenschaften auswirkt.The invention will now be explained with reference to FIG. 9. The so-called side grinding usually works maximum up to the so-called knee of the needle 11, i.e. until the needle is bent. This corresponds to a height of about 3 mm away from the tip of the wire trim. The wire set have, as mentioned, a normal wire thickness B transverse to the carding direction of 0.255 to 0.33 mm. This results in a minimum inclination angle α of 2.43 to 3,148, depending on the wire thickness. The needle can be extended by lengthening the side grinding can be made slimmer or the angle of inclination α can be reduced. By the smaller angle of inclination α takes a comparatively longer time until the clothing tip has worn such that the edge surface 16 is formed. This effect is in Figure 11 illustrates. It can be seen that with the clothing tip according to the invention a smaller angle of inclination α (hatched) significantly more material removed must be until the same edge surface 16 is formed. When removing or rounding of the clothing tip by the wear, it takes with the inventive The clothing tip therefore lasts longer until regrinding is required. The figure 9 also clarifies that the set, together with the side grind, creates a relief can get what has a favorable effect on the carding properties.

Die Erfindungsidee umfasst daher eine Drahtgarnitur für Textilmaschinen, insbesondere für Karden, mit einer Spitze, wobei die Drahtgarnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist, wobei die Seitenflächen eine vertikale Höhe h von mindestens 3 mm zur Garniturspitze hin aufweisen.
Bevorzugt weisen die Seitenflächen eine vertikale Höhe h von 3 mm bis 4.5 mm zur Garniturspitze hin auf.
Die Erfindungsidee kann auch durch den Neigungswinkel der geschliffenen Seitenfläche ausgedrückt werden. Der Neigungswinkel α mindestens einer der beiden Seitenflächen muss einen folgenden Betrag aufweisen: Drahtbreiten B quer zur Kardierrichtung (siehe Figuren für Wert B): Neigungswinkel α kleiner oder gleich: Bis zu 0.255 mm 2.43 Grad Zwischen 0.255 und 0.28 mm 2.43 Grad Zwischen 0.28 und 0.305 mm 2.7 Grad Zwischen 0. 305 und 0.33 mm 2.91 Grad Über 0.33 mm 3.15 Grad
The idea of the invention therefore comprises a wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a tip, the wire clothing having two wedge-shaped side faces towards the tip, the side faces having a vertical height h of at least 3 mm towards the clothing tip.
The side faces preferably have a vertical height h of 3 mm to 4.5 mm towards the clothing tip.
The idea of the invention can also be expressed by the angle of inclination of the ground side surface. The angle of inclination α of at least one of the two side surfaces must have the following amount: Wire widths B transverse to the carding direction (see figures for value B): Tilt angle α less than or equal to: Up to 0.255 mm 2.43 degrees Between 0.255 and 0.28 mm 2.43 degrees Between 0.28 and 0.305 mm 2.7 degrees Between 0. 305 and 0.33 mm 2.91 degrees About 0.33 mm 3.15 degrees

Bevorzugte Werte für den Neigungswinkel α sind je nach Drahtstärke, d.h. Breite B, 2.43 Grad, 2.67 Grad oder 2.91 Grad oder 3.15 Grad aufweist.Preferred values for the angle of inclination α are depending on the wire thickness, i.e. Width B, 2.43 degrees, 2.67 degrees or 2.91 degrees or 3.15 degrees.

Drahtgarnitur nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Garnitur zusätzlich einen Hinterschliff aufweist.Wire clothing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the set also has an undercut.

Die Erfindungsidee umfasst auch das Verfahren für die Herstellung dieser Drahtgarnituren für Textilmaschinen. Dabei werden die Spitzen der Drahtgarnitur einseitig oder beidseitig mit einem seitlichen Schliff (Seitenschliff) versehen werden, so dass die Garnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist, weiter wird der Seitenschliff so durchgeführt, dass die durch den seitliche Schliff sich ergebende Seitenfläche oder Seitenflächen eine Höhe h (siehe z.B. Figur 9 für h) von 3 mm bis 4.5 mm, bevorzugt 3.5 mm zur Garniturspitze hin aufweisen. Vorzugsweise wird bei diesem Verfahren nach oder vor dem Seitenschliff auch ein Hinterschliff durchgeführt.
Die geeignete Drahtgarnitur entspricht den bisherigen Ausführungen. Sie kann aus Flachdraht, Runddraht, oder besonders bevorzugt aus Bikonvexdraht bestehen. Der Drahtdurchmesser quer zur Kardierrichtung B (siehe Figuren) liegt bevorzugt im Bereich von 0.255 bis 0.33 mm und in Kardierrichtung von 0.355 bis 0.43 mm. Die Drahtgarnitur ist keine Ganzstahlgarnitur (z.B. gemäss Figuren 1 oder 2). Sie ist keine Sägezahngarnitur. Vorzugsweise weist die Drahtgarnitur ein Knie und/oder eine oder mehrere Schultern auf.
Die erfindungsgemässe Drahtgarnitur wird bevorzugt in stationären Deckelstäben und/oder in Wanderdeckelstäben eines Wanderdeckelaggregates einer Karde verwendet.
In einer weiteren erfindungsgemässen Ausführung gemäss Figur 10 kann der obere Teil der Drahtgarnitur mit einer Schulter 17 ausgestattet sein. Dadurch kann die Drahtstärke im Arbeitsbereich der Garnitur (das heisst im Bereich wo das Kardieren stattfindet) geringer sein, ohne die Stabilität der ganzen Garnitur im Wesentlichen zu verringern.
The idea of the invention also encompasses the process for the production of these wire clothing for textile machines. The tips of the wire clothing will be provided with a side grinding (side grinding) on one or both sides, so that the clothing has two wedge-shaped side surfaces towards the tip, and the side grinding is carried out in such a way that the side surface resulting from the side grinding or Side surfaces have a height h (see for example FIG. 9 for h) of 3 mm to 4.5 mm, preferably 3.5 mm towards the clothing tip. In this method, a relief grinding is preferably also carried out after or before the side grinding.
The suitable wire set corresponds to the previous versions. It can consist of flat wire, round wire, or particularly preferably of biconvex wire. The wire diameter transverse to the carding direction B (see figures) is preferably in the range from 0.255 to 0.33 mm and in the carding direction from 0.355 to 0.43 mm. The wire set is not an all-steel set (e.g. according to Figures 1 or 2). It is not a saw tooth set. The wire clothing preferably has a knee and / or one or more shoulders.
The wire clothing according to the invention is preferably used in stationary flat bars and / or in revolving flat bars of a revolving flat aggregate of a card.
In a further embodiment according to the invention according to FIG. 10, the upper part of the wire clothing can be equipped with a shoulder 17. As a result, the wire thickness in the working area of the clothing (that is, in the area where the carding takes place) can be less without substantially reducing the stability of the entire clothing.

Die Figur 13 zeigt zwei weitere mögliche Varianten, welche von der Erfindung umfasst werden. Die Figur zeigt zwei Garniturspitzen, welche nur auf der einen Seite einen Seitenschliff erhalten haben. Die andere Seite weist quasi einen Neigungswinkel α von Null auf. Die eine Variante besitzt dazu noch eine Schulter.FIG. 13 shows two further possible variants, which are encompassed by the invention become. The figure shows two clothing tips, which only have a side cut on one side have received. The other side quasi has an angle of inclination α of zero on. One variant also has a shoulder.

Claims (11)

Drahtgarnitur für Textilmaschinen, insbesondere für Karden, mit einer Spitze, wobei
die Drahtgarnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Seitenflächen eine vertikale Höhe h von mindestens 3 mm zur Garniturspitze hin aufweisen.
Wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a tip, whereby
the wire clothing has two wedge-shaped side faces towards the tip, characterized in that
the side surfaces have a vertical height h of at least 3 mm towards the clothing tip.
Drahtgarnitur für Textilmaschinen, insbesondere für Karden, mit einer Spitze, wobei
die Drahtgarnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Seitenflächen eine vertikale Höhe h von 3 mm bis 4.5 mm zur Garniturspitze hin aufweisen.
Wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a tip, whereby
the wire clothing has two wedge-shaped side faces towards the tip, characterized in that
the side surfaces have a vertical height h of 3 mm to 4.5 mm towards the clothing tip.
Drahtgarnitur für Textilmaschinen, insbesondere für Karden, mit einer Spitze, wobei
die Drahtgarnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Neigungswinkel α mindestens einer der beiden Seitenflächen einen folgenden Betrag aufweist: Drahtbreiten B quer zur Kardierrichtung: Neigungswinkel α kleiner oder gleich: Bis zu 0.255 mm 2.43 Grad Zwischen 0.255 und 0.28 mm 2.43 Grad Zwischen 0.28 und 0.305 mm 2.7 Grad Zwischen 0. 305 und 0.33 mm 2.91 Grad Über 0.33 mm 3.15 Grad
Wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a tip, whereby
the wire clothing has two wedge-shaped side faces towards the tip, characterized in that
the angle of inclination α has at least one of the two side surfaces: Wire widths B across the carding direction: Tilt angle α less than or equal to: Up to 0.255 mm 2.43 degrees Between 0.255 and 0.28 mm 2.43 degrees Between 0.28 and 0.305 mm 2.7 degrees Between 0. 305 and 0.33 mm 2.91 degrees About 0.33 mm 3.15 degrees
Drahtgarnitur für Textilmaschinen, insbesondere für Karden, mit einer Spitze, wobei
die Drahtgarnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Neigungswinkel α einen Betrag von 2.43 Grad, 2.67 Grad oder 2.91 Grad oder 3.15 Grad aufweist.
Wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, with a tip, whereby
the wire clothing has two wedge-shaped side faces towards the tip, characterized in that
the angle of inclination α has an amount of 2.43 degrees, 2.67 degrees or 2.91 degrees or 3.15 degrees.
Drahtgarnitur nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Garnitur zusätzlich einen Hinterschliff aufweist.Wire set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the set additionally has a relief. Verfahren für die Herstellung von Drahtgarnituren für Textilmaschinen, insbesondere für Karden, wobei die Spitzen der Drahtgarnitur einseitig oder beidseitig mit einem seitlichen Schliff (Seitenschliff) versehen werden, so dass die Garnitur zur Spitze hin zwei keilförmig aufeinander zulaufende Seitenflächen aufweist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Seitenschliff so durchgeführt wird, dass die durch den seitliche Schliff sich ergebende Seitenfläche oder Seitenflächen eine Höhe von 3 mm bis 4.5 mm, bevorzugt 3.5 mm zur Garniturspitze hin aufweisen.
Process for the production of wire clothing for textile machines, in particular for cards, the tips of the wire clothing being provided with a side grinding (side grinding) on one or both sides, so that the clothing has two wedge-shaped side surfaces towards the tip, characterized in that
the side grinding is carried out in such a way that the side surface or side surfaces resulting from the side grinding have a height of 3 mm to 4.5 mm, preferably 3.5 mm, towards the clothing tip.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
nach oder vor dem Seitenschliff auch ein Hinterschliff durchgeführt wird.
A method according to claim 6, characterized in that
a relief grinding is carried out after or before the side grinding.
Drahtgamitur nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drahtgarnitur aus Flachdraht, Runddraht, oder besonders bevorzugt aus Bikonvexdraht besteht.Wire clothing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wire clothing consists of flat wire, round wire, or particularly preferably of biconvex wire. Drahtgarnitur nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drahtgarnitur einen Drahtdurchmesser quer zur Kardierrichtung B von 0.255 bis 0.33 mm und in Kardierrichtung von 0.355 bis 0.43 mm aufweisen kann.Wire clothing according to claim 8, characterized in that the wire clothing can have a wire diameter transverse to the carding direction B from 0.255 to 0.33 mm and in the carding direction from 0.355 to 0.43 mm. Drahtgarnitur nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drahtgarnitur ein Knie und/oder eine oder mehrere Schultern aufweisen kann. Wire set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wire set can have a knee and / or one or more shoulders. Drahtgarnitur nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drahtgarnitur in stationären Deckelstäben und/oder in Wanderdeckelstäben eines Wanderdeckelaggregates einer Karde verwendet wird.Wire clothing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wire clothing is used in stationary flat bars and / or in revolving flat bars of a revolving flat aggregate of a card.
EP20020001334 2001-01-25 2002-01-18 Card clothing Revoked EP1227179B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1312001 2001-01-25
CH131012001 2001-01-25

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EP1227179A1 true EP1227179A1 (en) 2002-07-31
EP1227179B1 EP1227179B1 (en) 2005-12-28

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DE (1) DE50205392D1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1411157A1 (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-04-21 Hollingsworth GmbH Carding machine with a flat-clothing having a zero degree point grinding
WO2006136479A1 (en) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 Nv Bekaert Sa Carding flat with hard coating on card clothing
WO2008144950A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Flexible card clothing
DE102007037055A1 (en) 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Graf + Cie Ag Wire brush for releasing and parallelization of synthetic material in textile machine i.e. cover carding engine, has tooth with tooth tip, where length of tooth is less than specific millimeter and parallel to axis from knee to tip
CN108342793A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-31 武汉纺织大学 A kind of flat-clothing and carding machine improving fiber carding quality
CN108456954A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-08-28 青岛大学 A kind of reversible twill doffer needle cloth

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ306426B6 (en) * 2014-10-31 2017-01-18 Technická univerzita v Liberci A disc for combing out pile on the surface of felt semi-finished products and equipment for combing out pile on the surface of felt semi-finished products fitted with this disc

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GB1232172A (en) * 1969-11-11 1971-05-19
DE2539089A1 (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-03-17 Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh Licker-in roller card clothing - has teeth of a hard material bonded to a base of a more pliable material
GB1474889A (en) * 1973-10-04 1977-05-25 English Card Clothing Card clothing
US4537096A (en) * 1978-09-06 1985-08-27 Hollingsworth John D Metallic card clothing and method and apparatus for making same
US5701637A (en) * 1995-08-07 1997-12-30 Graf+Cie Ag Kratzen- Und Maschinenfabrik Sawtooth wire for all-steel clothing

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GB1232172A (en) * 1969-11-11 1971-05-19
GB1474889A (en) * 1973-10-04 1977-05-25 English Card Clothing Card clothing
DE2539089A1 (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-03-17 Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh Licker-in roller card clothing - has teeth of a hard material bonded to a base of a more pliable material
US4537096A (en) * 1978-09-06 1985-08-27 Hollingsworth John D Metallic card clothing and method and apparatus for making same
US5701637A (en) * 1995-08-07 1997-12-30 Graf+Cie Ag Kratzen- Und Maschinenfabrik Sawtooth wire for all-steel clothing

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1411157A1 (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-04-21 Hollingsworth GmbH Carding machine with a flat-clothing having a zero degree point grinding
DE10248776B3 (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-09-09 Hollingsworth Gmbh Card with a drum that has an all-steel set
WO2006136479A1 (en) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 Nv Bekaert Sa Carding flat with hard coating on card clothing
WO2008144950A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Flexible card clothing
DE102007037055A1 (en) 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Graf + Cie Ag Wire brush for releasing and parallelization of synthetic material in textile machine i.e. cover carding engine, has tooth with tooth tip, where length of tooth is less than specific millimeter and parallel to axis from knee to tip
CN108342793A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-31 武汉纺织大学 A kind of flat-clothing and carding machine improving fiber carding quality
CN108342793B (en) * 2018-03-20 2023-11-17 武汉纺织大学 Cover plate card clothing capable of improving fiber carding quality and carding machine
CN108456954A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-08-28 青岛大学 A kind of reversible twill doffer needle cloth
CN108456954B (en) * 2018-04-20 2023-05-09 青岛大学 Double-sided twill doffer card clothing

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Publication number Publication date
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DE50205392D1 (en) 2006-02-02

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