EP1218902A1 - Procede d'homogeneisation de l'usure globale des contacts d'un appareil de distribution electromagnetique et appareil de distribution electromagnetique correspondant - Google Patents

Procede d'homogeneisation de l'usure globale des contacts d'un appareil de distribution electromagnetique et appareil de distribution electromagnetique correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP1218902A1
EP1218902A1 EP00982978A EP00982978A EP1218902A1 EP 1218902 A1 EP1218902 A1 EP 1218902A1 EP 00982978 A EP00982978 A EP 00982978A EP 00982978 A EP00982978 A EP 00982978A EP 1218902 A1 EP1218902 A1 EP 1218902A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
total
phase
switching
control circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00982978A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1218902B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Elsner
Gerd Griepentrog
Reinhard Herbst
Reinhard Maier
Norbert Mitlmeier
Diethard Runggaldier
Christian Schreckinger
Bernhard Streich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1218902A1 publication Critical patent/EP1218902A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1218902B1 publication Critical patent/EP1218902B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H9/563—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for multipolar switches, e.g. different timing for different phases, selecting phase with first zero-crossing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0062—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for evening out total erosion of a contact arrangement of an electromagnetic switching device, in particular a contactor, with a plurality of contacts, and an electromagnetic switching device corresponding thereto.
  • Electromagnetically operated switching devices i.e. contactors and relays
  • switching burn-up Electromagnetically operated switching devices, i.e. contactors and relays, have one burn-up per switching operation, hereinafter referred to as switching burn-up.
  • multi-pole switching devices whose main contacts switch a three-phase system often have different wear on their contacts. This leads to a failure of the switching device and one of the contacts becomes inoperable. This represents a significant restriction on the lifespan of the switching device. The other contacts would often still be functional for quite some time.
  • This phenomenon arises from the fact that the contacts subject to the erosion are switched at statistically not equally distributed times with respect to the switched phases.
  • the causes of the synchronization effect can be on the one hand a network-synchronous control or the behavior of the switching device drive (so-called auto-synchronization). Mechanical tolerances of the switching device can also bring about such a synchronization.
  • DC-powered drive systems or electronically controlled drive systems can be used for the switching device.
  • switching synchronization effect with AC-operated shooters G.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an operating method for electromagnetic switching device and a corresponding electromagnetic switching device, in which a constant erosion of the contacts is always guaranteed.
  • the task is solved for the operating method in that the total burnup is determined for each contact, that the total burnings are fed to a control circuit and that the contact arrangement is actuated by the control circuit in dependence on the determined (cumulative) total burnups in such a way that the total burnups of the Contacts are brought closer together.
  • the object for the electromagnetic switching device is achieved in that it has a total burnout detection circuit, by means of which the respective total burnup can be determined for each contact, that the total burnup detection circuit is communicatively connected to a control circuit and that the contact arrangement of the control circuit can be actuated in dependence on the determined total erosions in such a way that the total erosions of the contacts are leveled.
  • the total erosion of a contact is the sum of the switching erosions of this contact.
  • Methods for determining the total burns are e.g. B. in DE 44 27 006 AI, DE 196 03 310 AI and DE 196 03 319 AI described.
  • the approximation of the total erosion of the contacts can be achieved, for example, by supplying the control circuit with a reference signal in a predetermined phase relation to one of the three phases of a three-phase network and a control command, that the contact arrangement is supplied with a switching delay with respect to the control circuit when the control command is supplied Reference signal is actuated and that the switching delay is determined by the drive circuit.
  • the method for approximating the total burn-ups is particularly simple if the drive circuit determines the contact with the largest total burn-up and the drive circuit determines the switching delay in such a way that the switch burn-off of the contact with the largest total burn-up is minimized.
  • the contact with the largest total erosion couples a first phase and the contact with the average total erosion connects a second phase to a three-phase load, the second phase has a phase offset with respect to the first phase and the switching delay is increased by the phase offset.
  • the operating method works particularly reliably and stably.
  • the switching delay it is possible for the switching delay to be maintained after the switching delay has been redetermined until the difference between the largest total erosion and the smallest total erosion reaches or exceeds a threshold value.
  • One way of determining the total erosion of the contacts during normal operation is, for example, that the contact arrangement is actuated by a movable contact carrier, that when the contact arrangement is opened, a reference time is recorded, at which the contact carrier assumes a reference position, that contact times are detected, to which the contacts open, and that from the differences of Contact times with the reference time, the total burns can be determined.
  • FFIIGG 22 is a phase diagram
  • FIG 1 A first figure
  • FFIIGG 66 a section of FIG 5,
  • an electromagnetic switching device 1 is designed as a contactor 1. It has a contact arrangement 2 with three contacts 3 - 5. Via the contacts 3-5, a three-phase load 6 can be coupled to three phases L1-L3 of a three-phase network or can be uncoupled from the three phases Ll-L3 when the switching device 1 is actuated.
  • the contact arrangement 2 is actuated, that is to say when the contacts 3 - 5 are opened or closed, switching burns occur at the contacts 3 - 5 per switching operation.
  • phase L1-L3 have a phase offset ⁇ of ⁇ 120 ° electrical relative to one another.
  • the phase offset ⁇ of phase L3 to phase L2, phase L2 to phase L1 and phase L1 to phase L3 is + 120 ° electrical.
  • the phase offset ⁇ of phase L3 to phase Ll, phase L1 to phase L2 and phase L2 to phase L3 is -120 ° or + 240 ° electrical. Since the phases Ll - L3 are only determined modulo 360 ° electrically, the phase offset ⁇ of phase L3 to phase Ll, phase Ll to phase L2 and phase L2 to phase L3 can also be expressed as + 240 ° electrically.
  • the contact arrangement 2 is actuated according to FIG. 3 by means of a movable contact carrier 7.
  • the contact carrier 7 is fastened to an armature 8 which is attracted by an iron core 9 of a coil 10 when the coil 10 is supplied with a current.
  • the contact carrier 7 is displaced such that the armature 8 assumes the position indicated by dashed lines in FIG.
  • the contact carrier 7 is held in the position shown by a return spring 11. In this position, contacts 3-5 are open.
  • contacts 3 - 5 are identical. Therefore, only contact 3 is described in more detail below in connection with FIG. 4. However, what has been said about contact 3 also applies analogously to contacts 4 and 5.
  • the contact 3 has a contact bridge 3 ⁇ and a counter contact 3 '.
  • the mating contact 3 ' is arranged rigidly.
  • the contact bridge 3 ⁇ is movably connected to the contact carrier 7. This is indicated in FIG. 3 by the arrows at the contacts 3-5.
  • the contact bridge 3 ⁇ is spring-loaded by means of a pressure spring 11.
  • the pressure spring 11 ⁇ has a considerably larger spring constant than the return spring 11. Due to the pressure spring 11, the contact force with which the contact bridge 3 ⁇ bears against the counter contact 3 'when the contact 3 is closed is essentially determined. In particular, it is independent of total erosion Gl - G3, which occur at contacts 3 - 5.
  • the armature 8 first detaches from the iron core 9. Then the contacts 3 - 5 open.
  • a characteristic voltage pulse arises at each of the contacts 3 - 5, which is generated by contact timers 14 - 16 is detected. The detection of these voltage pulses defines contact times tl - t3.
  • the contact times tl - t3 are thus determined by the opening of the contacts 3-5.
  • the contact times tl - t3 are functionally related to the total erosion Gl - G3.
  • the contact times tl-t3 are therefore transmitted to an overall erosion determination circuit 13.
  • the armature 8 detaches from the iron core 9, this likewise generates a voltage pulse in the coil 10, which is detected by means of a reference timer 12 and is likewise transmitted to the overall fire detection circuit 13.
  • the detection of the voltage pulse defines a reference time tO.
  • the reference time tO is thus determined by the release of the armature 8 from the iron core 9, the reference position by the position of the contact carrier 7 assumed at the reference time tO.
  • the total erosion determination circuit 13 forms the differences between the contact times t1-t3 and the reference time tO. From these differences, the total burn-up determination circuit 13 determines the total burns Gl - G3. With regard to details of the total erosion determination, reference is made to the prior art according to DE 44 27 006 AI, DE 196 03 310 AI and DE 196 03 319 AI.
  • a separate total erosion Gl - G3 is thus determined for each contact 3 - 5.
  • the total burns G1 - G3 are fed to a control circuit 17, which is communicatively connected to the total fire determination circuit 13.
  • a reference signal generator 18 is also connected to the control circuit 17.
  • the reference signal generator 18 is connected to two of the phases L1-L3 or one of the phases Ll-L3 and the neutral conductor N. It can therefore form a potential difference and determine a reference signal B from it, which it supplies to the control circuit 17.
  • the reference signal B is then in a predetermined phase relation to the three phases L1-L3.
  • the reference signal generator 18 can emit a reference signal B each time the sign changes or the potential changes from minus to plus the potential difference detected by it.
  • a control command S is supplied to the control circuit 17 in accordance with FIG. 5 in a step 19.
  • the supply of the control command S initially increments a counter Z in a step 20.
  • the process waits until the next reference signal B is transmitted by the reference signal generator 18.
  • the expiration of a switching delay T is waited for in a step 22.
  • the contact arrangement 2 is then actuated in a step 23.
  • the switching delay T is recalculated in a step 24.
  • the switching delay T is determined by the control circuit 17 as a function of the total burns Gl - G3 supplied to it in such a way that the total burns Gl - G3 of the contacts 3-5 are brought closer to one another.
  • the (new) switching delay T is determined in such a way that according to FIG. 6 it is first checked in a step 25 whether the counter Z has reached a minimum counter reading Z0.
  • the minimum counter reading Z0 is typically between 1,000 and 10,000, e.g. B. at 3,000 to 5,000. Only if the counter reading Z exceeds the minimum counter reading Z0, the switching delay T is redetermined. Otherwise, the re-determination of the switching delay T is blocked by a locking device 26. The switching delay T is therefore retained in this case. If the switching delay T is to be redetermined, the total burns G1 - G3 of the contacts 3-5 are then queried by the total burnup determination device 13 in a step 27.
  • the threshold value S ⁇ is chosen in such a way that it lies significantly above the measurement accuracy limit. For example, the threshold value S ⁇ can be 10 times the measurement accuracy limit. Only when the threshold value S is reached or exceeded does the blocking device 26 release the further redefinition of the switching delay T. Otherwise, the re-determination of the switching delay T is blocked by the blocking device 26.
  • a step 30 the contact with the largest total burnup is determined, e.g. B. the contact 3.
  • the switching delay T is redetermined by the control circuit 17 such that the switching erosion of the contact with the largest total erosion, here of contact 3, is minimized.
  • the counter Z is set to the value zero.
  • the easiest way to redetermine the switching delay T is when the control circuit 17 is assigned a memory table 33 from which the new switching delay T can be found directly.
  • the content of the memory table 33 can in particular have been determined on the basis of test series in which the switching consumption of the individual contacts 3 - 5 has been determined as a function of the switching instant. If the test results are stored appropriately, given given total burnings, Gl - G3 can be obtained simply by addressing the memory a suitable new switching delay T can be determined.
  • the contact with the average total burnup is determined in a step 34, e.g. B. the contact 4.
  • the contact with the greatest total erosion, here the contact 3 couples a first phase, here the phase L1, to or from the three-phase load 6.
  • the contact with the average total erosion, here contact 4 couples a second phase, here phase L2, to or from the three-phase load 6.
  • the second phase L2 has a phase offset ⁇ with respect to the first phase L1. This phase shift ⁇ is in one
  • Step 35 determined.
  • the new switching delay T is then determined by increasing the previous switching delay T by the phase offset ⁇ in a step 36.
  • the three-phase network is designed as a clockwise rotating three-phase network, i. H. phase L3 lags phase L2 and phase L1 electrically by 120 °.
  • the switching delay T is electrically increased by 120 ° in the order of largest / middle / smallest total burn-off at contacts 3/4/5, 4/5/3 and 5/3/4.
  • the switching delay T is increased electrically by 240 °.
  • phase L1 electrically lagged phase L2 and phase L3 by 120 °.
  • the switching delay T would be electrically increased by 120 ° in the order of largest / middle / smallest total burn-off at contacts 5/4/3, 4/3/5 and 3/5/4. With the orders 3/4/5, 4/5/3 and 5/3/4, the switching delay T would be increased electrically by 240 °. Due to the increase in the switching delay T, it is now possible that this is now greater than a period T ⁇ (see FIG. 2) of the three-phase network. This is checked in a step 37. If necessary, the new switching delay T is then reduced by a period T ⁇ of the three-phase network in a step 38.
  • control circuit 17, the total erosion determination circuit 13, the blocking device 26, the memory table 33 and the counter Z are shown as separate components. However, they can also be integrated in a single microchip.
  • the operating method according to the invention can in principle be used both when coupling and when disconnecting phases L1-L3. At least it is used when connecting.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary result of the operating method according to the invention.
  • the number of switching commands S is plotted on the right in FIG. 8 in relative units, and the total burns Gl - G3 of contacts 3 - 5 are shown upward.
  • the service life of the contact arrangement 2 and thus of the switching device 1 as a whole is thus significantly increased.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de distribution électromagnétique (1) présentant un système de contacts (2) à trois contacts (3 à 5) qui couple une charge de courant triphasé (6) à trois phases (L1 à L3) d'un réseau de distribution de courant triphasé et découple ladite charge de courant triphasé des trois phases (L1 à L3). Des usures globales (G1 à G3) interviennent au niveau des contacts (3 à 5). Une usure globale (G1 à G3) est déterminée pour chaque contact (3 à 5) et la valeur obtenue est transmise à un circuit d'amorçage (17). Le système de contacts (2) est actionné par le circuit d'amorçage (17) en fonction des usures globales (G1 à G3), de manière que les usures globales (G1 à G3) des contacts soient approchées les unes des autres.
EP00982978A 1999-10-08 2000-10-09 Procede d'homogeneisation de l'usure globale des contacts d'un appareil de distribution electromagnetique et appareil de distribution electromagnetique correspondant Expired - Lifetime EP1218902B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999148551 DE19948551C1 (de) 1999-10-08 1999-10-08 Verfahren zur Vergleichmäßigung von Gesamtabbränden eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgeräts und hiermit korrespondierendes elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät
DE19948551 1999-10-08
PCT/DE2000/003539 WO2001027951A1 (fr) 1999-10-08 2000-10-09 Procede d'homogeneisation de l'usure globale des contacts d'un appareil de distribution electromagnetique et appareil de distribution electromagnetique correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1218902A1 true EP1218902A1 (fr) 2002-07-03
EP1218902B1 EP1218902B1 (fr) 2005-01-19

Family

ID=7924975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00982978A Expired - Lifetime EP1218902B1 (fr) 1999-10-08 2000-10-09 Procede d'homogeneisation de l'usure globale des contacts d'un appareil de distribution electromagnetique et appareil de distribution electromagnetique correspondant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6765316B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1218902B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1187775C (fr)
DE (2) DE19948551C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001027951A1 (fr)

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DE10029789C1 (de) * 2000-06-16 2001-10-11 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgeräts und elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät
US7596459B2 (en) * 2001-02-28 2009-09-29 Quadlogic Controls Corporation Apparatus and methods for multi-channel electric metering
DE10352580B3 (de) * 2003-11-11 2005-04-28 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Verfahren zur Überwachung des Kontaktabbrandes bei Stufenschaltern
DE102005035658B3 (de) * 2005-07-29 2007-04-12 Siemens Ag Betriebsverfahren für ein Schaltgerät und hiermit korrespondierendes Schaltgerät
EP1793235A1 (fr) * 2005-11-30 2007-06-06 ABB Technology AG Système de surveillance pour des commutateurs à haute tension
DE102006014914B3 (de) * 2006-03-30 2007-10-04 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektromechanisch betätigten Schaltgerätes und nach diesem Verfahren betriebenes Schaltgerät
US20110062960A1 (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-17 Lenin Prakash Device and method to monitor electrical contact status
US10141143B2 (en) * 2014-11-06 2018-11-27 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Wear-balanced electromagnetic motor control switching
EP3885862B1 (fr) 2020-03-26 2023-07-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de surveillance d'état
EP4084265A1 (fr) 2021-04-29 2022-11-02 Volvo Truck Corporation Procédé de fonctionnement d'un agencement de commutation d'un système de stockage d'énergie
EP4084035A1 (fr) 2021-04-29 2022-11-02 Volvo Truck Corporation Agencement de commutation

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US5440180A (en) * 1992-09-28 1995-08-08 Eaton Corporation Microprocessor based electrical contactor with distributed contactor opening
US5617281A (en) * 1994-06-01 1997-04-01 Eaton Corporation Low cost circuit controller
US5530613A (en) * 1994-06-01 1996-06-25 Eaton Corporation Current limiting circuit controller
DE4427006A1 (de) * 1994-07-29 1996-02-01 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung
DE4434074A1 (de) * 1994-09-23 1996-03-28 Siemens Ag Mehrpoliges Schütz
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001027951A1 (fr) 2001-04-19
CN1187775C (zh) 2005-02-02
DE50009300D1 (de) 2005-02-24
CN1377506A (zh) 2002-10-30
US6765316B1 (en) 2004-07-20
DE19948551C1 (de) 2001-07-05
EP1218902B1 (fr) 2005-01-19

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