EP1191111A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixturhärten - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixturhärten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1191111A1
EP1191111A1 EP01203369A EP01203369A EP1191111A1 EP 1191111 A1 EP1191111 A1 EP 1191111A1 EP 01203369 A EP01203369 A EP 01203369A EP 01203369 A EP01203369 A EP 01203369A EP 1191111 A1 EP1191111 A1 EP 1191111A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
objects
pressing devices
coolant
pressing
conveyor path
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01203369A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ulf Gustavsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
J son Hardteknik AB
Original Assignee
J son Hardteknik AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J son Hardteknik AB filed Critical J son Hardteknik AB
Publication of EP1191111A1 publication Critical patent/EP1191111A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of tempering planar metal objects, comprising the steps that at least one metal object is heated, that the objects are placed between an upper and a lower pressing device, that the two pressing devices approach one another until parts of the pressing devices are urged against one another, at the same time as the objects are retained between the pressing devices, that the objects are cooled in a coolant, and that the objects are released and conveyed off from the pressing devices.
  • the present invention also relates to an apparatus for tempering planar metal objects, comprising an upper and a lower pressing device, a device for heating the objects and a cooling device containing a coolant.
  • USPS 1, 457, 772 discloses a method and an apparatus for forming and tempering sheet metal bodies.
  • the tempering takes place in the die which is employed for producing the body, which entails that the method is hardly intended for the rational tempering of large-scale series. Moreover, the capacity in the forming tool or die is limited. Nor is the method principally intended for planar objects.
  • the coolant that is employed is in the liquid phase and is led in through pipes or channels in the die.
  • SE 501 685 discloses an apparatus for cooling steel parts on tempering.
  • the patent specification principally relates to the tempering of flat objects.
  • the parts are placed between two grooved press surfaces and the distance between these surfaces is of the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the parts, and preferably 0.05 mm larger.
  • the coolant is a gas which is aspirated in through holes in the troughs of the grooved surfaces. The infeed and discharge of the parts between the surfaces are not described in greater detail.
  • the object forming the basis of the present invention will be attained in respect of the method if this is given the characterizing feature that one of the pressing devices moves vertically through the conveyor path when the objects are retained and released, respectively.
  • the object forming the basis of the present invention will be attained if this is given the characterizing feature that one of the pressing devices is movable in the vertical direction through the conveyor path for retaining and releasing the objects.
  • the present invention relates to a pressing and cooling apparatus which is included in a larger plant for tempering.
  • the plant has a furnace for heating the objects which are to be tempered.
  • the objects are surrounded by a controlled atmosphere which, for example, consists of a mixture of nitrogen and methanol.
  • the objects are conveyed through the furnace during a given period of time, whereafter they are fed into a press 1 for cooling, where the press operates at a predetermined pressure.
  • This press 1 constitutes the kernel subject matter of the present invention.
  • the press 1 which is shown in Fig. 1 has a tank 7 for a coolant and a pressing device which is disposed above it.
  • the tank 7 rests on a number of legs 21 which in turn are in contact with the floor.
  • the legs form part of a frame for the apparatus according to the invention.
  • On the upper side of the press there is disposed a lid 12 fixedly secured in the frame. Through the lid 12, there extend a number of guide rods 11 which are reciprocal upwards and downwards in relation to the frame.
  • the lower ends of the guide rods 11 are connected to a plate 18 which is movable together with the guide rods 11.
  • the plate 18 is connected to an upper pressing device 2.
  • a lower pressing device 3 is movably connected to the plate 18 by the intermediary of a number of rods 17 which extend upwards from the lower pressing device 3 and past the upper pressing device 2 to the plate 18.
  • the lower pressing device 2 moves towards the upper pressing device 3 on retention of the metal objects and away from it on release of them.
  • the objects are conveyed in and out of the press in the direction of the arrow A on a conveyor path which, in the preferred embodiment, consists of a series of rollers 4, a roller path 23.
  • Fig. 1 shows the press 1 from the side in its open position.
  • the objects that are to be tempered are conveyed along the roller path 23 in the conveying direction A until they arrive between the upper pressing device 2 and the lower pressing device 3.
  • the objects that are to be tempered are heated during their transport up to the press 1.
  • the heating has reached a sufficient level, the objects are retained between the two pressing devices 2 and 3, in that parts of them are brought into contact with one another and are cooled, in that the two pressing devices 2 and 3 are lowered, together with the objects, into a coolant in the tank 7 straight beneath the press.
  • the pressing devices 2 and 3 are once again raised to the original position, the objects are released and conveyed further in the conveying direction A.
  • the present invention discloses a novel method of tempering flat metal objects.
  • the metal objects are many in number and may have a multiplicity of different configurations, if the only restriction is that their extend in the plane is greater than their extent in the vertical direction, i.e. the metal objects are planar and of a substantially constant thickness. Their thickness is substantially of equal size throughout all objects on one occasion. It is possible to change the permitted thickness, but the objects should be of the same thickness if they are to be tempered at the same time. No adaptation to the outer contour of the objects, above and beyond adjustment of the thickness, needs to be carried out.
  • the objects are placed inside a frame or a zone of predetermined outer dimensions.
  • the zone is square and its dimensions are 55 x 55 cm.
  • a so-called "batch" has been created.
  • a predetermined time must elapse.
  • the plant is advantageously provided with clocks and signal lamps which signal to the operator when a new "batch" can be fed in.
  • the time elapsed is determined by the speed of the roller path and by the time which is required for applying the pressing devices 2 and 3, cooling and conveying off one "batch".
  • the earlier "batch” has been discharged out of the press just before the next "batch” arrives.
  • the objects Before the objects arrive at the pressing devices 2 and 3, they are heated to a suitable temperature for a suitable time.
  • the temperature and heating time are determined by the material employed, the dimensions of the objects, and also by the desired final result. This type of calculation and appropriate measures are previously known in the art and will not be described in greater detail.
  • the heating time may vary between 5 and 30 minutes.
  • the speed ⁇ of the roller path is thus determined by the desired heating time t , since the conveying distance s is constant for each plant.
  • the distance between each "batch" is calculated when the speed ⁇ of the roller path and the time for cooling have been established.
  • the lower pressing device 3 When the objects on the roller path have been conveyed in between the two pressing devices 2 and 3, the lower pressing device 3 is raised towards the upper pressing device 2. The difference between the lowered position and the raised position of the lower pressing device 3 is apparent from a comparison between Figs. 2 and 3.
  • the lower pressing device 3 passes partially through and upwards in the vertical direction past the conveyor device which, in the preferred embodiment, consists of the rollers 4 spaced a short distance from each other. On retention of the metal objects, these are thus only in contact with the upper and lower pressing devices 2 and 3, possibly only with the lower pressing device.
  • the objects are not in contact with the conveyor rollers 4.
  • the compression force on the lower pressing device lies in the order of magnitude of 7,000 Newton.
  • the metal objects are surrounded by the controlled atmosphere which, in the preferred embodiment, contains nitrogen and methanol.
  • both the pressing devices 2 and 3 and the objects are cooled.
  • the cooling temperature and the time for cooling are determined in the same manner as corresponding parameters in the heating operation.
  • the objects are retained between the upper and lower pressing devices 2 and 3.
  • the objects are directed such that they will be planar.
  • Both of the pressing devices 2 and 3 are subsequently lowered down into the tank 7 with coolant straight beneath the press 1, and the conveyor rollers 4 which are located within the press 1 accompany the pressing devices 2 and 3 down into the coolant. Since the objects are held fixedly clamped between the pressing devices 2 and 3 during the cooling operation, they retain their original configuration and flatness. However, the objects have certain possibilities for movement in the plane, but not in the vertical direction. This implies that objects that are warped are straightened, since the space between the pressing devices 2 and 3 is limited.
  • both of the pressing devices 2 and 3 and the rollers 4 are lifted up out of the tank 7 and the objects are released in that the two pressing devices 2 and 3 distance themselves from each other by the press being opened with the aid of hydraulics and forces from a number of spring means 8.
  • the lower pressing device 3 moves downwards to a position beneath the conveyor rollers 4. The tempered objects are then free for further transport out of the press 1 along the outgoing roller path 23.
  • the apparatus is shown in detail in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • the conveying of the objects that are to be tempered takes place on a conveyor consisting of a large number of rollers 4 placed a short distance from one another.
  • the rollers rotate clockwise in the Figure, so that an object resting on them is conveyed in the direction A, i.e. to the right in the Figures.
  • the rollers 4 are substantially cylindrical.
  • the driving of the rollers 4 preferably takes place with the aid of chains.
  • the rollers 4 are disposed in support members 10 on retainer devices 22 which are shown in Fig. 5.
  • the retainer devices 22 extend downwards from the plate 18 on either side of the pressing devices 2 and 3.
  • the retainer devices 22 and the support members 10 accompany in the upward and downward movements of the plate 18, which also implies that the rollers 4 are lowered together with the pressing devices 2 and 3.
  • the distance between the rollers is of the same order of magnitude as their diameter. It is essential that the distance between the rollers 4 is not so great that the objects which are to be tempered run the risk of falling down between them or topple downwards and fasten between the rollers 4, with operational stoppage as a result. A large number of rollers with slight diameter in relation to the objects to be tempered is therefore to be preferred.
  • the objects are conveyed on the roller path 23 while being heated. During the heating operation, the objects are, as was mentioned above, preferably surrounded by a mixture of nitrogen and methanol. The heating takes place advantageously in a closed tunnel-like space.
  • the lower pressing device 3 is provided with a row of elongate support members or bars 5 whose width or thickness corresponds to or is slightly less than the distance between the rollers 4 in such a manner that the bars 5 may pass up between the rollers 4. When the lower pressing device 3 moves upwards, passage of the support members 5 is permitted between the rollers 4.
  • the upper pressing device 2 is provided with a number of downwardly directed elongate ribs 6 which are intended for contact with the objects to be tempered.
  • the lower pressing device 3 is moved towards the upper pressing device 2 and holds the objects therebetween. Along two opposing edge portions on the upper pressing device 2, once spacer element 24 is disposed on each.
  • the spacer elements 24 are elongate and replaceable. A replacement of the spacer elements 24 implies that spacer elements 24 of different, but pairwise equal, height are disposed on the upper pressing device 2.
  • the spacer elements 24 are those parts which determine how close to one another the two pressing devices 2 and 3 are moved.
  • the spacer elements 24 are selected such that the distance between the two pressing devices 2 and 3 inside the spacer elements 24 is always slightly larger than the maximum permitted thickness of the objects. As a result, full compression pressure is not applied on the metal objects.
  • a number of rods 17 are provided which extend upwards from the lower pressing device 3 past the upper pressing device 2 to the plate 18 which in turn is connected to the guide rods 11.
  • the clamping force of the lower pressing device 3 is given by a number of spring means (six in number in the preferred embodiment) which draw the lower pressing device 3 upwards until a number of arrest devices 9 stop the upwardly directed movement.
  • the arrest devices 9 are in the form of rings which are disposed on the rods 17 which interconnect the lower pressing device 3 with the plate 18. The arrest devices 9 stop the movement when they come into contact with sleeves 19 which are disposed on the underside of the plate 18.
  • the procedure for moving the pressing devices 2 and 3 towards one another is such that the plate 18 is moved downwards by a number of hydraulic cylinders (not shown).
  • the springs 8 lose contact with the lid 12
  • the two pressing devices 2 and 3 are moved into contact with one another with the aid of spring forces from the springs 8.
  • the two pressing devices 2 and 3 will be separated from one another when the springs 8, with the aid of the hydraulics, once again come into contact with the lid 12.
  • the upper pressing device 2 and the lower pressing device 3 are not only movable in relation to one another, but may also be displaced as a unit in the vertical direction. This takes place on the cooling of the objects to be tempered.
  • the conveyor rollers 4 in the support members 10 also accompany into the coolant.
  • the coolant is disposed in the tank 7 and, for example, consists of an oil.
  • the coolant circulates in the tank 7, and also outside it in order to be cooled.
  • the volume of the tank 7 is of the order of magnitude of 1 m 3 and the circulation system (not shown) disposed outside the tank 7 is of the order of magnitude of 2 m 3 . By such means, an almost constant temperature can be maintained in the coolant.
  • the coolant may also be heated to a suitable temperature.
  • the guide rods 11 are disposed from the upper pressing device 2 and up to the upper side or lid 12 of the press 1. By such means, a linear movement will be ensured.
  • the guide rods 11 consist, in the preferred embodiment, of four tempered shafts which run through ball bushings 16 in the upper side or lid 12 of the press 1.
  • one or more mechanical arrest members 20 are disposed on the upper side of the plate 18. When these come into contact with the upper side 12 of the press 1 from beneath, the movement is arrested.
  • the upper pressing device 2 (which, in the preferred embodiment, is a press plate) is provided with a large number of holes 13 through which the coolant passes. This is most clearly apparent from Fig. 4 where the upper press plate 2 is shown from beneath. In this Figure, the ribs 6 in the upper press plate 2 are also visible. The plate 2 is meticulously machined, polished and nitrocaburated in order to keep it planar despite repeated heating and cooling.
  • the lower pressing device 3 is, as was previously described, released from the upper pressing device with the aid of hydraulic cylinders, compressed air or other suitable prime movers which counteract the force of the spring means 8.
  • prime movers are not shown on the Drawings.
  • the two pressing devices 2 and 3 are separated and the elongate support members 5 sink down between the conveyor rollers 4 and the objects to be tempered once again come into contact with the conveyor rollers 4. Thereafter, the objects are conveyed on the conveyor rollers 4 out of the press.
  • the parts which have become warped or which are excessively high will, in this operation, be entrapped in the gap and can be sorted off.
  • the upper pressing device 2 is spherically suspended in the centremost guide rod 14.
  • the centremost guide rod 14 is also provided with a handle or spindle 15 for setting the height of the pressing position, i.e. the distance between the two pressing devices 2 and 3 on pressing.
  • a section of the guide rod 14 is threaded, like its passage through the plate 18.
  • the guide rod 14 extends further through a bushing in the lid 12.
  • the guide rod 14 is movable through the lid 12.
  • the present invention may be modified so that the two pressing devices 2 and 3 are not wholly closed until the objects to be tempered are located a short distance down in the coolant.
  • two hydraulic rams are provided so that they counteract or delay the release of the springs 8.
  • the pressing devices 2 and 3 will then have time to be lowered a short distance down into the coolant before the spring forces move them into contact with each other.
  • a complete contact between the objects and the coolant will be obtained, since the compression pressure does not prevent the coolant from penetrating in between the pressing devices 2 and 3 and the objects.
  • the present invention may also be modified for practical application in which the metal objects on average are subjected to a considerably higher pressure. This takes place in that use is made of spacer elements 24 which are as high as or lower than the maximum permitted thickness of the objects. However, this procedure may result in marks in the tempered metal objects, and the method is therefore only suitable when lower standards are placed on surface finish.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
EP01203369A 2000-09-18 2001-09-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixturhärten Withdrawn EP1191111A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0003297 2000-09-18
SE0003297A SE517224C2 (sv) 2000-09-18 2000-09-18 Sätt och anordning för presshärdning

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1191111A1 true EP1191111A1 (de) 2002-03-27

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EP01203369A Withdrawn EP1191111A1 (de) 2000-09-18 2001-09-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixturhärten

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EP (1) EP1191111A1 (de)
SE (1) SE517224C2 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005028010B3 (de) * 2005-06-16 2006-07-20 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Presse zum Warmformen
CN103484632A (zh) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-01 宁夏机械研究院（有限责任公司） 全自动多工位回转式套圈类零件模压淬火压床
US20150021838A1 (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-01-22 Siemens Industry, Inc Adjustable die fixture and support system for heating treating process
WO2015155136A1 (de) * 2014-04-07 2015-10-15 Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zum kühlen von stahlblechplatinen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113621782B (zh) * 2021-08-17 2023-08-18 济宁金众辉机械有限公司 一种工业生产用齿轮热处理装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR668820A (fr) * 1928-02-06 1929-11-07 Ind De L Aluminium Sa Procédé et dispositif pour le recuit et le refroidissement brusque de tôles
DE913293C (de) * 1941-12-28 1954-06-10 Eugen Bellmann Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Blechen
JPS59129718A (ja) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-26 Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd 連続プレス焼入れ移送装置
EP0753587A1 (de) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-15 HEIMSOTH VERWALTUNGEN GmbH & CO. KG Beteiligungsgesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Vergüten von metallischem Gut
WO1998002592A1 (fr) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-22 T.I. Consult Procede et dispositif de trempe de produits metalliques plats

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR668820A (fr) * 1928-02-06 1929-11-07 Ind De L Aluminium Sa Procédé et dispositif pour le recuit et le refroidissement brusque de tôles
DE913293C (de) * 1941-12-28 1954-06-10 Eugen Bellmann Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Blechen
JPS59129718A (ja) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-26 Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd 連続プレス焼入れ移送装置
EP0753587A1 (de) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-15 HEIMSOTH VERWALTUNGEN GmbH & CO. KG Beteiligungsgesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Vergüten von metallischem Gut
WO1998002592A1 (fr) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-22 T.I. Consult Procede et dispositif de trempe de produits metalliques plats

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 251 (C - 252) 16 November 1984 (1984-11-16) *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005028010B3 (de) * 2005-06-16 2006-07-20 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Presse zum Warmformen
US7533553B2 (en) 2005-06-16 2009-05-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Hot-shaping and hardening a workpiece
US20150021838A1 (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-01-22 Siemens Industry, Inc Adjustable die fixture and support system for heating treating process
US9102991B2 (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-08-11 Primetals Technologies USA LLC Adjustable die fixture and support system for heating treating process
CN103484632A (zh) * 2013-10-08 2014-01-01 宁夏机械研究院（有限责任公司） 全自动多工位回转式套圈类零件模压淬火压床
CN103484632B (zh) * 2013-10-08 2017-02-08 宁夏机械研究院股份有限公司 全自动多工位回转式套圈类零件模压淬火压床
WO2015155136A1 (de) * 2014-04-07 2015-10-15 Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zum kühlen von stahlblechplatinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE517224C2 (sv) 2002-05-14
SE0003297D0 (sv) 2000-09-18
SE0003297L (sv) 2002-03-19

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