EP1181414B1 - Purpose-made brick - Google Patents
Purpose-made brick Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1181414B1 EP1181414B1 EP00936842A EP00936842A EP1181414B1 EP 1181414 B1 EP1181414 B1 EP 1181414B1 EP 00936842 A EP00936842 A EP 00936842A EP 00936842 A EP00936842 A EP 00936842A EP 1181414 B1 EP1181414 B1 EP 1181414B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rib
- shaped block
- central plane
- longitudinal
- transversal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/02—Paving elements having fixed spacing features
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/20—Drainage details
- E01C2201/202—Horizontal drainage channels
- E01C2201/207—Horizontal drainage channels channels on the bottom
Definitions
- the invention relates to a molded block for laying in a longitudinal association with an essentially rectangular base, with longitudinal and transverse sides and spacing or toothing means such as cams.
- Shaped stones are known from the prior art which have a substantially rectangular base area and have shoulders with lateral shoulders arranged parallel to the longitudinal center plane and symmetrically to the transverse center plane. These stones are laid in a longitudinal bond.
- a disadvantage of these stones is that the half-stones drift out of the bandage at the laying edges that run transversely to the longitudinal bandage, because their shape does not keep them in the bandage.
- this known shaped block it is hardly possible for rainwater to seep away in the butt joints, since the shaped blocks lie close together with their side surfaces.
- a rectangular composite brick according to the preamble of claim 1 has become known from CH 688 827 A.
- This composite stone also has the disadvantage that, despite the formation of pairs of teeth, the laid stones can drift apart.
- the invention has for its object to provide a shaped block which is held in a longitudinal association against relative movements and has an optimal toothing.
- a cam arrangement is also intended to maintain a distance between the shaped stones and thus also to ensure good water permeability.
- Another task is to increase the strength of the stones and to create a water drain that is not visually recognizable if possible.
- each section of the longitudinal sides separated by a transverse central plane has at least two cams, the cams closer to a transverse side of the molded block forming a pair of teeth with a cam of a counter block further away from a transverse side is at least one cam width away from the pair of teeth, which forms the cam further away from the transverse side with the cam of the counter block closer to the transverse side, the cam further away from the transverse side being arranged on a trapezoidal shoulder with lateral shoulders symmetrical to the transverse central plane.
- tooth pairs which consist of only two cams
- the shaped block is in engagement and contact with the respective counter block at several points along its longitudinal side, so that the molded block and the counter block are aligned parallel to one another and are non-displaceable
- it is ensured that there is still sufficient side surface along the long side of the molded block between the pairs of teeth for the formation of drainage ducts.
- Another advantage is that this interlocking allows optimal grouting with sand.
- production with a simple tool is possible, since the undercuts of the shaped stone are evenly distributed on its surface.
- the shaped stone is also available as a half stone, which is created by dividing the shaped stone in the area of the transverse median plane. In this way it is possible to design the edges of a stone field running transversely to the longitudinal structure as straight edges.
- the cam closer to a transverse side or longitudinal side of the molded block is at least one to arrange half the cam width from the adjacent long side or transverse side. This ensures that the forces that this cam experiences as a distance and / or toothing means through the counter block or transmits to the counter block do not act on a sensitive corner area of the shaped block, so that breaking off or cracking of a corner area is unlikely.
- water drainage ducts are formed between the pairs of teeth. This ensures that the shaped stone has two water drainage shafts on its long sides and that the water on the stone surface only has to cover short distances to the next drainage shaft.
- the water drainage ducts are made between the opposite shoulders of the heels of a molded block and a counter block.
- This arrangement makes optimal use of the distance between the pairs of teeth, since the diagonal distance between the pairs of teeth is always longer than the distance between the pairs of teeth running parallel to the long side. This means that this measure directly affects the cross-section of the drain shaft positively.
- the shoulder of the heel is set back towards the middle of the stone.
- This measure in turn has a positive effect on the size of the cross-section of the drainage shaft.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention exists if the shaped block has channels running on its underside in a mirror-symmetrical manner to the transverse center plane. This measure makes it possible to connect the individual drain shafts of the shaped block to one another and to avoid the channel running in the transverse central plane of the shaped block. Thus, the resistance of the molded block against bending stress is greatly increased, since weakening of the molded block is avoided precisely at the point most critical for bending stress.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is present when the channels connect those water drainage shafts that lie opposite one another with respect to the line of intersection of the longitudinal center plane with the transverse center plane, the channels crossing.
- This measure creates a channel system that not only allows the water to flow away in the longitudinal direction, but also allows the water to move in all directions under the stone structure. It is thus possible for the water to drain off in all directions from places where it cannot seep away, and the risk of puddling due to water build-up on the shaped stone surface is thus reduced.
- the water drainage shafts each have a first channel which connects them to the water drainage shaft opposite with respect to the longitudinal center plane, and a second channel which connects them connects with the water drainage duct opposite with respect to the line of intersection of the longitudinal median plane with the transverse median plane.
- each section of the transverse side has at least two cams, the cam closer to the longitudinal center plane forming a pair of teeth with a cam of a counter block that is farther from the longitudinal center plane and that is spaced apart from the pair of teeth that is more distant from the cam center forms with the cam of the counter block closer to the longitudinal center plane, and the cam close to the longitudinal center plane together with that of the cam of the counter block close to the longitudinal center plane forms a third pair of teeth.
- three pairs of teeth are formed in a confined space, which prevent the molded block from moving against the counter block along the transverse side in two directions.
- the shaped stone has a greening recess symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane on the transverse side. This measure makes it possible to obtain a relatively large greening recess by a slight intervention in the contour of the shaped block, since the entire greening recess is each formed by two shaped stones.
- An advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is provided in that one side of the greening recess merges continuously into the cam remote from the longitudinal center plane.
- the greening recess is connected to at least one water drainage shaft via at least one channel.
- the plant sitting in the greening recess can not only absorb the water supplied to it from the top of the shaped stones, but it is also supplied with water from below and thereby contributes to the fact that the water discharged through the water drainage shafts is quickly absorbed.
- a molded block 1 is shown in a perspective view.
- the shaped block 1 has long sides 2, 3 and transverse sides 4, 5.
- the shaped block 1 is divided by a longitudinal central plane 6 and a transverse central plane 7.
- the longitudinal center plane 6 and the transverse center plane 7 intersect in a section line 8.
- the shaped block 1 has spacing or toothing means 9. These are visible in Fig. 1 as cams 10 to 15.
- the shaped block is essentially delimited by a contour 22, which is formed by an upper edge 23, side edges 24 and a lower edge 25.
- the edges 23, 24, 25 are optionally provided with chamfers. As a result, an attractive appearance and an insensitivity of the edges 23, 24, 25 to small damage is achieved.
- the cams 10 to 15 have contact surfaces 26, thrust surfaces 27 with shoulders 27a and cover surfaces 28, the cover surfaces 28 rising from the contact surfaces 26 to the long sides 2, 3 and to the transverse sides 4, 5.
- the push surfaces 27 also form an oblique transition from the contact surfaces 26 to the long sides 2, 3 or transverse sides 4, 5.
- the molded block 1 has an upper side 29 and an underside 30, 30 channels 31 being embedded in the underside, which admit the Long sides 2, 3 open.
- FIG. 2 shows the perspective view of a shaped block 1, which is designed analogously to FIG. 1, but has no channels 31.
- a stone can be provided under covered surfaces or on substrates that allow water to seep through.
- the shaped block 1 shown in Fig. 1 is shown in a side view. It can be seen that the longitudinal side 2 of the shaped block 1 is divided into a section 32 and a section 33 by the transverse center plane 7. The sections 32, 33 are symmetrical to each other. In section 32 is the cam 12 closer to the transverse side 4 and the cam 13 further away from the transverse side 4. In section 32 it can also be seen that the channel 31 opens in the region of the shoulder 20.
- Fig. 4 shows the shaped block 1 shown in Fig. 1 in one Top view. In this illustration, further cams 34 to 39 can be seen. It can be clearly seen that the cams 12 to 15 are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the cams 34 to 37 with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6.
- FIG 5 shows a shaped stone 41 designed as a half stone 40.
- the half-stone 40 emerges from the shaped stone 1 essentially by dividing the shaped stone 1 along a plane 7a which is parallel to the transverse central plane 7 and displaced in the direction of the transverse side 4.
- the half-stone 40 forms a partition 42 in the region of the plane 7a.
- the half-stone 40 is shown in a view rotated by 180 ° in relation to the illustration in FIG. 5.
- the partition wall 42 has spacing or toothing means 9 which are designed as cams 43, 44.
- the longitudinal center plane 6 forms a section line 8a with the dividing wall 42.
- the half-stone 40 is also mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane 6 with respect to its long sides 2, 3.
- the cams 43, 44 have a depth t.
- the half-stone 40 has a length l.
- the shaped block 1 which has a length L (see FIG. 4), it applies that two assembled half stones 40 form a composite stone, the length of which corresponds to the length L of the shaped block. Hence the formula L ⁇ 2 l + t applies.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show, in analogy to FIGS. 5 and 6, half stones 40 which have channels 31.
- FIG. 9 shows a side view of the half stone 40 shown in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 10 shows the top view of the half-stone 40 shown in FIG. 9.
- This view again shows the cams 43, 44 arranged on the partition wall 42.
- the shaped block 41 shows exactly the same as that shown in FIG. 4 Shaped stone 1 on its transverse side 4, a cam 11 closer to the longitudinal center plane 6 and a cam 10 farther from the longitudinal center plane 6.
- Partition 42 corresponding to toothing means 9 and a cam 44 (38 in FIG. 4) closer to the longitudinal center plane 6 and a cam 43 (39 in FIG. 4) further away from the longitudinal center plane 6.
- This arrangement of the cams 43, 44 on the dividing wall 42 makes it possible to place two half stones 40 with their dividing walls 42 against one another and thereby practically obtain a solid stone. This possibility creates so-called parking lines 80 (see FIG. 12).
- the spacing or toothing means 9 are at a distance a from the side edge 24 (see FIG. 7) which corresponds to at least half the cam width b (see FIG. 7).
- FIG. 11 shows a bandage 45 of shaped blocks 1 and 41, which have pairs of teeth 45a to 45e. Specifically, these are stones 46 to 51.
- the bandage 45 has an edge 52 that runs perpendicular to the longitudinal bandage of the stones.
- the stone 51 which is a half stone 40, it is explained how this is held in the bandage 45.
- the stone 51 is supported with its cams 12, 13 and 34, 35 in the west direction (see rosette in FIG. 11) against the cams 12, 13 of the stone 46 and against the cams 34, 35 of the stone 50. This prevents it from drifting out of the bandage 45 in the west direction.
- a shift of the stone 51 in the north or south direction is prevented on the one hand by the contact surfaces 26 of the cams 12, 13 and 34, 35 resting on the side walls 2 and 3 of the stones 46 and 50, respectively.
- the stone 51 is held by the cams 10, 11, which form three pairs of teeth 53, 54, 55 with the cams 10, 11 of the stone 48.
- a move of the stone 51 in the east direction is prevented by the stone 48, which is supported on the stone 46 or 50 via its cams 34, 35 or 12, 13.
- the stones 51, 46 face each other with their shoulders 19, 20 in the association 45.
- a water drainage shaft 56 is formed between the shoulders 19, 20 and extends as far as the cam 13 of the stone 51 or 46 and has a cross section 57.
- shoulders 19 ', 20' are created, for example.
- a water drainage duct 56 'with an enlarged cross section 57' is now formed between the shoulders 19 ', 20', the long sides 2, 3 and the cams 13 of the stones 51, 46.
- an enlargement of the cross section 57 of the water drainage shaft 56 is also possible through the concave design of the shoulders 19 ′′, 20 ′′, as shown in broken lines between the stones 51 and 50. This measure results in a water drainage duct 56 ′′ with a cross section 57 ′′, which loosens up the strict appearance of the dressing 45 due to its soft shape.
- the stones 48, 50 show the channels 31 lying on the underside 30.
- the shaped stone 1 or the stone 48 has channels 58, 59 which connect the water drainage shafts 56 opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6. By this measure creates a system of channels 31 running parallel to one another in the association 45.
- channels 60, 61 which connect to each other at an angle with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6 water drainage shafts 56 and intersect at an intersection 62.
- This arrangement makes it possible for the water to be discharged to flow not only parallel to the transverse central plane 7 but also in the direction of the longitudinal central plane 6. This has the particular advantage that the dressing 45 can also be drained towards the edge 52.
- both the channels 58, 59 and the channels 60, 61 are attached to the underside 30 of a shaped block 1.
- This channel system has the particular advantage that the channel system can temporarily store a large amount of water with minimal weakening of the bending stiffness of the molded block 1 and a clogged individual channel does not constitute an absolute flow obstacle, since the water, for example in the case of a blocked channel 58, still flows through the channels 61, 60 can flow.
- greening recesses 71 can be provided on the shaped stones 1, 41 in the area of the transverse sides 4, 5.
- a greening island 72 results from the abutting greenery recesses 71, for example of the stones 66 and 67.
- the greening islands 72 can be provided by channels 73, 74, which are provided in addition to the existing channel system or alone can be supplied with water. That way ensures that the plant 72 growing in the greening island is optimally supplied with water.
- FIG. 13 shows a top view of the bandage 45.
- the shaped blocks 1 have cams 12 to 15 and 34 to 37 on the longitudinal sides 2, 3, which are offset with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6.
- This arrangement of the spacing or toothing means 9 on the long sides 2, 3 offers the advantage that the half-stone 40 adjoining the edge 52 of the bandage 45 adjoins the shaped stones lying on its long sides 2, 3 in both the east and west direction 1 can support.
- the half-stone 40 can divert loads in the west direction via the shaped stone 1 lying on its longitudinal side 2 and via the shaped stone 1 lying on its transverse side 4. Loads in the east direction are derived via the shaped stone 1 lying on the long side 3 of the half stone 40. Forces occurring are optimally distributed to the dressing 45.
- the dressing 45 has a grid 75.
- This grid is formed from grid lines 76, 77.
- the grid lines 76 run parallel to the transverse center planes 7 of the shaped blocks 1 and cut the spacing or toothing means 9 arranged on the transverse sides 4, 5 of the shaped blocks 1 in the center.
- the grid lines 77 run parallel to the longitudinal center planes 6 of the shaped blocks 1 and cut the cams 12, 15 and 34, 37 arranged on the longitudinal sides 2, 3 in the center.
- the grid 75 was not entered in FIGS. 11 and 12 in order to keep these figures clear.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Formstein zur Verlegung im Längsverband mit einer im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Grundfläche, mit Längs- und Querseiten und Distanz- oder Verzahnungsmitteln wie Nocken.The invention relates to a molded block for laying in a longitudinal association with an essentially rectangular base, with longitudinal and transverse sides and spacing or toothing means such as cams.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Formsteine bekannt, die eine im wesentlichen rechteckige Grundfläche aufweisen und parallel zur Längsmittelebene und symmetrisch zur Quermittelebene angeordnete Absätze mit seitlichen Schultern besitzen. Diese Steine werden im Längsverband verlegt. Nachteilig an diesen Steinen ist, daß die Halbsteine an den Verlegekanten, die quer zum Längsverband verlaufen, aus dem Verband driften, da sie aufgrund ihrer Form nicht im Verband gehalten werden. Weiterhin ist bei diesem bekannten Formstein ein Versickern von Regenwasser in den Stoßfugen kaum möglich, da die Formsteine mit ihren Seitenflächen dicht aneinander liegen.Shaped stones are known from the prior art which have a substantially rectangular base area and have shoulders with lateral shoulders arranged parallel to the longitudinal center plane and symmetrically to the transverse center plane. These stones are laid in a longitudinal bond. A disadvantage of these stones is that the half-stones drift out of the bandage at the laying edges that run transversely to the longitudinal bandage, because their shape does not keep them in the bandage. Furthermore, with this known shaped block, it is hardly possible for rainwater to seep away in the butt joints, since the shaped blocks lie close together with their side surfaces.
Aus der CH 688 827 A ist ein rechteckiger Verbundstein nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt geworden. Auch dieser Verbundstein hat den Nachteil, daß trotz der Bildung von Verzahnungspaaren ein Auseinanderdriften der verlegten Steine möglich ist.A rectangular composite brick according to the preamble of claim 1 has become known from CH 688 827 A. This composite stone also has the disadvantage that, despite the formation of pairs of teeth, the laid stones can drift apart.
Aus der weiterhin bekannten DE 197 33 741 A1 ist ein Verbundpflasterstein bekannt geworden, bei welchem seitliche Nocken vorgesehen sind. Die Nocken selbst sind jedoch nicht als Verzahnungspaare, sondern im Wesentlichen als Abstandshalter zwischen aneinandergrenzenden Formsteinen ausgebildet. Ein Auseinanderdriften von verlegten Formsteinen wird jedoch mittels trapezförmigen Einschnitten in den Längsseiten vermieden, wodurch eine Art Formschluß zwischen den Steinen gebildet ist.From the still known DE 197 33 741 A1, a composite paving stone has become known, in which lateral Cams are provided. However, the cams themselves are not designed as pairs of teeth, but essentially as spacers between adjoining shaped stones. A drifting apart of laid shaped stones is avoided by means of trapezoidal incisions in the long sides, whereby a kind of form fit is formed between the stones.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Formstein zu schaffen, welcher im Längsverband gegen relative Bewegungen gehalten ist und eine optimale Verzahnung aufweist. Eine Nockenanordnung soll darüber hinaus eine Distanzhaltung zwischen den Formsteinen und damit auch eine gute Wasserdurchlässigkeit bewirken. Eine weitere Aufgabe liegt in der Erhöhung der Festigkeit der Steine sowie in der Schaffung eines Wasserablaufs, der optisch möglichst nicht erkennbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a shaped block which is held in a longitudinal association against relative movements and has an optimal toothing. A cam arrangement is also intended to maintain a distance between the shaped stones and thus also to ensure good water permeability. Another task is to increase the strength of the stones and to create a water drain that is not visually recognizable if possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird in Verbindung mit dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß jeder Abschnitt der durch eine Quermittelebene getrennten Längsseiten wenigstens zwei Nocken aufweist, wobei der einer Querseite des Formsteines nähere Nocken mit einem einer Querseite ferneren Nocken eines Gegensteines ein Verzahnungspaar bildet, das um wenigstens eine Nockenbreite beabstandet von dem Verzahnungspaar liegt, welches der der Querseite fernere Nocken mit dem der Querseite näheren Nocken des Gegensteines bildet, wobei der der Querseite fernere Nocken auf einem zur Quermittelebene symmetrischen, trapezförmigen Absatz mit seitlichen Schultern angeordnet ist. Durch die Bildung von Verzahnungspaaren, die lediglich aus zwei Nocken bestehen, ist zum einen gewährleistet, daß der Formstein entlang seiner Längsseite mit dem jeweiligen Gegenstein an mehreren Stellen in Eingriff und Kontakt steht, so daß der Formstein und der Gegenstein parallel und verschiebesicher zueinander ausgerichtet sind. Zum anderen ist sichergestellt, daß entlang der Längsseite des Formsteines zwischen den Verzahnungspaaren noch ausreichend Seitenfläche für die Bildung von Abflußschächten zur Verfügung steht. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, daß diese Verzahnung ein optimales Verfugen mit Sand erlaubt. Außerdem ist eine Herstellung mit einem einfachen Werkzeug möglich, da die Hinterschneidungen des Formsteines gleichmäßig auf dessen Oberfläche verteilt sind.This object is achieved in connection with the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention in that each section of the longitudinal sides separated by a transverse central plane has at least two cams, the cams closer to a transverse side of the molded block forming a pair of teeth with a cam of a counter block further away from a transverse side is at least one cam width away from the pair of teeth, which forms the cam further away from the transverse side with the cam of the counter block closer to the transverse side, the cam further away from the transverse side being arranged on a trapezoidal shoulder with lateral shoulders symmetrical to the transverse central plane. The formation of tooth pairs, which consist of only two cams, on the one hand ensures that the shaped block is in engagement and contact with the respective counter block at several points along its longitudinal side, so that the molded block and the counter block are aligned parallel to one another and are non-displaceable , On the other hand, it is ensured that there is still sufficient side surface along the long side of the molded block between the pairs of teeth for the formation of drainage ducts. Another advantage is that this interlocking allows optimal grouting with sand. In addition, production with a simple tool is possible, since the undercuts of the shaped stone are evenly distributed on its surface.
Der Formstein liegt auch als Halbstein vor, der durch eine Teilung des Formsteines im Bereich der Quermittelebene entsteht. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die quer zum Längsverband verlaufenden Kanten eines Steinfeldes als gerade Kanten auszuführen.The shaped stone is also available as a half stone, which is created by dividing the shaped stone in the area of the transverse median plane. In this way it is possible to design the edges of a stone field running transversely to the longitudinal structure as straight edges.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, den einer Querseite bzw. Längsseite des Formsteines näheren Nocken mindestens eine halbe Nockenbreite von der benachbarten Längsseite bzw. Querseite entfernt anzuordnen. Dadurch wird gewährleistet, daß die Kräfte, die dieser Nocken als Distanz- und/oder Verzahnungsmittel durch den Gegenstein erfährt oder auf den Gegenstein überträgt, nicht auf einen empfindlichen Eckbereich des Formsteines wirken, so daß ein Ab- oder Anbrechen eines Eckbereichs unwahrscheinlich ist.Furthermore, it is advantageous for the cam closer to a transverse side or longitudinal side of the molded block to be at least one to arrange half the cam width from the adjacent long side or transverse side. This ensures that the forces that this cam experiences as a distance and / or toothing means through the counter block or transmits to the counter block do not act on a sensitive corner area of the shaped block, so that breaking off or cracking of a corner area is unlikely.
Nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind zwischen den Verzahnungspaaren Wasserablaufschächte ausgebildet. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß der Formstein an seinen Längsseiten jeweils zwei Wasserablaufschächte aufweist und somit das Wasser auf der Steinoberfläche nur kurze Wege bis zum nächsten Ablaufschacht zurücklegen muß.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, water drainage ducts are formed between the pairs of teeth. This ensures that the shaped stone has two water drainage shafts on its long sides and that the water on the stone surface only has to cover short distances to the next drainage shaft.
Nach einer ganz besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind die Wasserablaufschächte zwischen den gegenüberliegenden Schultern der Absätze eines Formsteines und eines Gegensteines ausgeführt. Durch diese Anordnung wird der zwischen den Verzahnungspaaren vorhandene Abstand optimal ausgenutzt, da der diagonale Abstand zwischen den Verzahnungspaaren immer länger ist, als der parallel zur Längsseite verlaufende Abstand zwischen den Verzahnungspaaren. Das heißt, daß durch diese Maßnahme direkt der Querschnitt des Abflußschachtes positiv beeinflußt wird.According to a very particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, the water drainage ducts are made between the opposite shoulders of the heels of a molded block and a counter block. This arrangement makes optimal use of the distance between the pairs of teeth, since the diagonal distance between the pairs of teeth is always longer than the distance between the pairs of teeth running parallel to the long side. This means that this measure directly affects the cross-section of the drain shaft positively.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Schulter des Absatzes zur Steinmitte hin zurückversetzt ist. Diese Maßnahme wirkt sich wiederum positiv auf die Größe des Querschnitts des Abflußschachtes aus. Wobei durch das Zurückversetzen der Schulter des Absatzes zur Steinmitte hin die Kontur des Formsteines nur in ihren Abmessungen und nicht in ihrem Wesen verändert wird, so daß die Maßnahme des Zurückversetzens der Schulter beim Betrachten der verlegten Formsteine praktisch nicht auffällt.It is also advantageous if the shoulder of the heel is set back towards the middle of the stone. This measure in turn has a positive effect on the size of the cross-section of the drainage shaft. Whereby by moving the shoulder of the heel back to the middle of the stone, the shape of the shaped stone is changed only in its dimensions and not in its essence, so that the measure of moving the shoulder back when looking at the laid shaped stones is practically not noticeable.
Es ist auch vorteilhaft, die Schultern des Absatzes zur Steinmitte hin konkav auszubilden. Durch diese Maßnahme wird wiederum der Querschnitt des Abflußschachtes positiv beeinflußt und außerdem wird dem Formstein bzw. dem im Verband verlegten Formstein eine besondere Note gegeben, da die konkav verlaufende Schulter des Formsteines zusammen mit der konkav verlaufenden Schulter des Gegensteines wieder ein ansprechendes, symmetrisches Muster bildet.It is also advantageous to make the shoulders of the heel concave towards the middle of the stone. This measure in turn has a positive influence on the cross-section of the drainage shaft and also gives the molded stone or the molded stone laid in the bond a special note, since the concave shoulder of the molded stone together with the concave shoulder of the counter-stone again forms an appealing, symmetrical pattern ,
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes liegt vor, wenn der Formstein an seiner Unterseite spiegelsymmetrisch zur Quermittelebene verlaufende Kanäle aufweist. Durch diese Maßnahme ist es möglich, die einzelnen Abflußschächte des Formsteines miteinander zu verbinden und zu vermeiden, daß der Kanal in der Quermittelebene des Formsteines verläuft. Somit wird die Widerstandsfähigkeit des Formsteines gegen Biegebelastung stark erhöht, da gerade an der für Biegebelastung kritischsten Stelle eine Schwächung des Formsteines vermieden wird.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention exists if the shaped block has channels running on its underside in a mirror-symmetrical manner to the transverse center plane. This measure makes it possible to connect the individual drain shafts of the shaped block to one another and to avoid the channel running in the transverse central plane of the shaped block. Thus, the resistance of the molded block against bending stress is greatly increased, since weakening of the molded block is avoided precisely at the point most critical for bending stress.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes liegt vor, wenn die Kanäle diejenigen Wasserablaufschächte verbinden, die sich bezüglich der Schnittgeraden der Längsmittelebene mit der Quermittelebene gegenüberliegen, wobei sich die Kanäle kreuzen. Durch diese Maßnahme wird ein Kanalsystem geschaffen, das nicht nur das Abfließen des Wassers in Längsrichtung erlaubt, sondern das dem Wasser erlaubt, sich in alle Richtungen unter dem Formsteinverband zu bewegen. Somit ist es möglich, daß das Wasser von Stellen, an denen es nicht versickern kann, in alle Richtungen abfließt und somit die Gefahr der Pfützenbildung durch aufgestautes Wasser an der Formsteinoberfläche geringer ist.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is present when the channels connect those water drainage shafts that lie opposite one another with respect to the line of intersection of the longitudinal center plane with the transverse center plane, the channels crossing. This measure creates a channel system that not only allows the water to flow away in the longitudinal direction, but also allows the water to move in all directions under the stone structure. It is thus possible for the water to drain off in all directions from places where it cannot seep away, and the risk of puddling due to water build-up on the shaped stone surface is thus reduced.
Um die Kanalfläche bzw. die Fläche, über die das Wasser versickert, zu vergrößern, ist es weiterhin vorteilhaft, daß die Wasserablaufschächte jeweils in einen ersten Kanal, der sie mit dem bezüglich der Längsmittelebene gegenüberliegenden Wasserablaufschacht verbindet, und in einen zweiten Kanal, der sie mit dem bezüglich der Schnittgeraden der Längsmittelebene mit der Quermittelebene gegenüberliegenden Wasserablaufschacht verbindet, münden.In order to enlarge the channel area or the area over which the water seeps away, it is further advantageous that the water drainage shafts each have a first channel which connects them to the water drainage shaft opposite with respect to the longitudinal center plane, and a second channel which connects them connects with the water drainage duct opposite with respect to the line of intersection of the longitudinal median plane with the transverse median plane.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausbildungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes liegt vor, wenn jeder Abschnitt der Querseite wenigstens zwei Nocken aufweist, wobei der der Längsmittelebene nähere Nocken mit einem der Längsmittelebene fernere Nocken eines Gegensteines ein Verzahnungspaar bildet, das beabstandet von dem Verzahnungspaar liegt, welches der der Längsmittelebene fernere Nocken mit dem der Längsmittelebene nähere Nocken des Gegensteines bildet, und wobei der der Längsmittelebene nahe Nocken zusammen mit dem der Längsmittelebene nahe Nocken des Gegensteines ein drittes Verzahnungspaar bildet. Durch diese Ausführungsform werden auf engstem Raum drei Verzahnungspaare gebildet, die ein Verschieben des Formsteines gegen den Gegenstein längs der Querseite in zwei Richtungen verhindern.A further advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention exists when each section of the transverse side has at least two cams, the cam closer to the longitudinal center plane forming a pair of teeth with a cam of a counter block that is farther from the longitudinal center plane and that is spaced apart from the pair of teeth that is more distant from the cam center forms with the cam of the counter block closer to the longitudinal center plane, and the cam close to the longitudinal center plane together with that of the cam of the counter block close to the longitudinal center plane forms a third pair of teeth. By this embodiment, three pairs of teeth are formed in a confined space, which prevent the molded block from moving against the counter block along the transverse side in two directions.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausbildungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes weist der Formstein an der Querseite eine zur Längsmittelebene symmetrische Begrünungsausnehmung auf. Durch diese Maßnahme ist es möglich, durch einen geringen Eingriff in die Kontur des Formsteines eine relativ große Begrünungsausnehmung zu erhalten, da die ganze Begrünungsausnehmung jeweils von zwei Formsteinen gebildet wird.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, the shaped stone has a greening recess symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane on the transverse side. This measure makes it possible to obtain a relatively large greening recess by a slight intervention in the contour of the shaped block, since the entire greening recess is each formed by two shaped stones.
Ein vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes liegt dadurch vor, daß eine Seite der Begrünungsausnehmung stetig in den der Längsmittelebene fernen Nocken übergeht.An advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is provided in that one side of the greening recess merges continuously into the cam remote from the longitudinal center plane.
Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß zwischen der Querseite des Formsteines und der Begrünungsausnehmung ein stabiler Übergang ohne die Bildung eines zusätzlichen Absatzes ausgebildet wird.This ensures that a stable transition is formed between the transverse side of the molded block and the greening recess without the formation of an additional shoulder.
Es ist weiterhin vorteilhaft, wenn die Begrünungsausnehmung über mindestens einen Kanal mit mindestens einem Wasserablaufschacht verbunden ist. Hierdurch kann die in der Begrünungsausnehmung sitzende Pflanze nicht nur das ihr von der Oberseite der Formsteine zugeführte Wasser aufnehmen, sondern sie wird auch von unten.mit Wasser versorgt und trägt hierdurch dazu bei, daß das durch die Wasserablaufschächte abgeführte Wasser schnell aufgenommen wird.It is also advantageous if the greening recess is connected to at least one water drainage shaft via at least one channel. As a result, the plant sitting in the greening recess can not only absorb the water supplied to it from the top of the shaped stones, but it is also supplied with water from below and thereby contributes to the fact that the water discharged through the water drainage shafts is quickly absorbed.
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden in der Zeichnung anhand von schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben.Further details of the invention are described in the drawing using schematically illustrated exemplary embodiments.
Hierbei zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Formsteines mit Nocken und Kanälen,
- Fig. 2
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Formsteines mit Nocken,
- Fig. 3
- eine Seitenansicht des in Fig. 1 gezeigten Formsteins,
- Fig. 4
- eine Draufsicht des in Fig. 1 gezeigten Formsteins,
- Fig. 5
- einen analog zu Fig. 2 ausgebildeten Halbstein,
- Fig. 6
- einen analog zu Fig. 2 ausgebildeten Halbstein in einer um 180° gedrehten Ansicht,
- Fig. 7
- einen analog zu Fig. 1 ausgebildeten Halbstein,
- Fig. 8
- einen analog zu Fig. 1 ausgebildeten Halbstein in einer um 180° gedrehten Ansicht,
- Fig. 9
- eine Seitenansicht des in Fig. 7 dargestellten Halbsteins,
- Fig. 10
- eine Draufsicht des in Fig. 7 dargestellten Halbsteins,
- Fig. 11
- eine Draufsicht auf im Verband verlegte Formsteine,
- Fig. 12
- eine weitere Draufsicht auf im Verband verlegte Formsteine,
- Fig. 13
- eine Draufsicht auf im Verband verlegte Formsteine mit an den Längsseiten versetzt liegenden Nocken.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of a shaped block with cams and channels,
- Fig. 2
- a perspective view of a molded block with cams,
- Fig. 3
- 2 shows a side view of the shaped block shown in FIG. 1,
- Fig. 4
- 2 shows a top view of the shaped block shown in FIG. 1,
- Fig. 5
- a half stone designed analogously to FIG. 2,
- Fig. 6
- a half stone designed analogously to FIG. 2 in a view rotated by 180 °,
- Fig. 7
- a half stone designed analogously to FIG. 1,
- Fig. 8
- 1 in a view rotated by 180 °,
- Fig. 9
- 7 shows a side view of the half-stone shown in FIG. 7,
- Fig. 10
- 7 shows a top view of the half-stone shown in FIG. 7,
- Fig. 11
- a top view of shaped stones laid in the association,
- Fig. 12
- another top view of shaped stones laid in the association,
- Fig. 13
- a plan view of cast stones laid in the association with cams offset on the long sides.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Formstein 1 in perspektivischer Ansicht dargestellt. Der Formstein 1 weist Längsseiten 2, 3 und Querseiten 4, 5 auf. Der Formstein 1 wird durch eine Längsmittelebene 6 und eine Quermittelebene 7 geteilt. Die Längsmittelebene 6 und die Quermittelebene 7 schneiden sich in einer Schnittgeraden 8. An den Längsseiten 2, 3 bzw. den Querseiten 4, 5 weist der Formstein 1 Distanz- bzw. Verzahnungsmittel 9 auf. Diese sind in Fig. 1 als Nocken 10 bis 15 sichtbar. An den Längsseiten 2, 3 sind Absätze 16, 17, die spiegelsymmetrisch zur Quermittelebene 7 ausgebildet sind, angeordnet. Die Absätze 16, 17 besitzen schräg zu den Längsseiten 2, 3 verlaufende Schultern 18 bis 21. Der Formstein ist im Wesentlichen durch eine Kontur 22, die von einer Oberkante 23, Seitenkanten 24 und einer Unterkante 25 gebildet wird, umgrenzt. Gemäß einer nicht dargestellten alternativen Ausführungsform sind die Kanten 23, 24, 25 wahlweise mit Fasen versehen. Hierdurch wird eine ansprechende Optik und eine Unempfindlichkeit der Kanten 23, 24, 25 gegen kleine Beschädigungen erreicht.In Fig. 1, a molded block 1 is shown in a perspective view. The shaped block 1 has long sides 2, 3 and transverse sides 4, 5. The shaped block 1 is divided by a longitudinal central plane 6 and a transverse central plane 7. The longitudinal center plane 6 and the transverse center plane 7 intersect in a section line 8. On the longitudinal sides 2, 3 and the transverse sides 4, 5, the shaped block 1 has spacing or toothing means 9. These are visible in Fig. 1 as cams 10 to 15. On the long sides 2, 3 shoulders 16, 17, which are mirror-symmetrical to the transverse center plane 7, are arranged. Paragraphs 16, 17 have at an angle to the Longitudinal sides 2, 3 shoulders 18 to 21. The shaped block is essentially delimited by a contour 22, which is formed by an upper edge 23, side edges 24 and a lower edge 25. According to an alternative embodiment, not shown, the edges 23, 24, 25 are optionally provided with chamfers. As a result, an attractive appearance and an insensitivity of the edges 23, 24, 25 to small damage is achieved.
Die Nocken 10 bis 15 weisen Kontaktflächen 26, Schubflächen 27 mit Schultern 27a und Deckflächen 28 auf, wobei die Deckflächen 28 von den Kontaktflächen 26 zu den Längsseiten 2, 3 bzw. zu den Querseiten 4, 5 steigend verlaufen. Auch die Schubflächen 27 bilden einen schrägen Übergang von den Kontaktflächen 26 auf die Längsseiten 2, 3 bzw. Querseiten 4, 5. Der Formstein 1 besitzt eine Oberseite 29 und eine Unterseite 30, wobei in die Unterseite 30 Kanäle 31 eingelassen sind, die an den Längsseiten 2, 3 münden.The cams 10 to 15 have contact surfaces 26, thrust surfaces 27 with shoulders 27a and cover surfaces 28, the cover surfaces 28 rising from the contact surfaces 26 to the long sides 2, 3 and to the transverse sides 4, 5. The push surfaces 27 also form an oblique transition from the contact surfaces 26 to the long sides 2, 3 or transverse sides 4, 5. The molded block 1 has an upper side 29 and an underside 30, 30 channels 31 being embedded in the underside, which admit the Long sides 2, 3 open.
Fig. 2 zeigt die perspektivische Ansicht eines Formsteines 1, der analog zu Fig. 1 ausgeführt ist, aber keine Kanäle 31 besitzt. Ein solcher Stein kann unter überdachten Flächen bzw. auf Untergründen, die Wasser gut durchsickern lassen, vorgesehen sein.FIG. 2 shows the perspective view of a shaped block 1, which is designed analogously to FIG. 1, but has no channels 31. Such a stone can be provided under covered surfaces or on substrates that allow water to seep through.
In Fig. 3 ist der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Formstein 1 in einer Seitenansicht abgebildet. Es ist zu sehen, daß die Längsseite 2 des Formsteines 1 durch die Quermittelebene 7 in einen Abschnitt 32 und einen Abschnitt 33 geteilt wird. Die Abschnitte 32, 33 sind symmetrisch zueinander ausgeführt. Im Abschnitt 32 liegt der der Querseite 4 nähere Nocken 12 und der der Querseite 4 fernere Nocken 13. Im Abschnitt 32 ist ebenfalls zu sehen, daß der Kanal 31 im Bereich der Schulter 20 mündet.In Fig. 3, the shaped block 1 shown in Fig. 1 is shown in a side view. It can be seen that the longitudinal side 2 of the shaped block 1 is divided into a section 32 and a section 33 by the transverse center plane 7. The sections 32, 33 are symmetrical to each other. In section 32 is the cam 12 closer to the transverse side 4 and the cam 13 further away from the transverse side 4. In section 32 it can also be seen that the channel 31 opens in the region of the shoulder 20.
Fig. 4 zeigt den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Formstein 1 in einer Draufsicht. In dieser Darstellung sind noch weitere Nocken 34 bis 39 zu sehen. Es ist deutlich erkennbar, daß die Nocken 12 bis 15 in Bezug auf die Längsmittelebene 6 spiegelsymmetrisch zu den Nocken 34 bis 37 angeordnet sind.Fig. 4 shows the shaped block 1 shown in Fig. 1 in one Top view. In this illustration, further cams 34 to 39 can be seen. It can be clearly seen that the cams 12 to 15 are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the cams 34 to 37 with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6.
In Fig. 5 ist ein als Halbstein 40 ausgeführter Formstein 41 zu sehen. Der Halbstein 40 geht aus dem Formstein 1 im Wesentlichen durch Teilung des Formsteines 1 entlang einer zur Quermittelebene 7 parallelen und in Richtung der Querseite 4 verschobenen Ebene 7a hervor. Im Bereich der Ebene 7a bildet der Halbstein 40 eine Trennwand 42 aus.5 shows a shaped stone 41 designed as a half stone 40. The half-stone 40 emerges from the shaped stone 1 essentially by dividing the shaped stone 1 along a plane 7a which is parallel to the transverse central plane 7 and displaced in the direction of the transverse side 4. The half-stone 40 forms a partition 42 in the region of the plane 7a.
In Fig. 6 ist der Halbstein 40 in einer, gegenüber der Darstellung in Fig. 5, um 180° gedrehten Ansicht dargestellt. Die Trennwand 42 weist Distanz- bzw. Verzahnungsmittel 9 auf, die als Nocken 43, 44 ausgeführt sind. Die Längsmittelebene 6 bildet mit der Trennwand 42 eine Schnittgerade 8a. Auch der Halbstein 40 ist in Bezug auf seine Längsseiten 2, 3 spiegelsymmetrisch zur Längsmittelebene 6 ausgebildet. Die Nocken 43, 44 weisen eine Tiefe t auf. Der Halbstein 40 weist eine Länge l auf. In Bezug auf den Formstein 1, der eine Länge L aufweist (s. Fig. 4) gilt, daß zwei zusammengesetzte Halbsteine 40 einen zusammengesetzten Stein bilden, dessen Länge der Länge L des Formsteines entspricht. Somit gilt die Formel L ≈ 2 l + t.6, the half-stone 40 is shown in a view rotated by 180 ° in relation to the illustration in FIG. 5. The partition wall 42 has spacing or toothing means 9 which are designed as cams 43, 44. The longitudinal center plane 6 forms a section line 8a with the dividing wall 42. The half-stone 40 is also mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane 6 with respect to its long sides 2, 3. The cams 43, 44 have a depth t. The half-stone 40 has a length l. With regard to the shaped block 1, which has a length L (see FIG. 4), it applies that two assembled half stones 40 form a composite stone, the length of which corresponds to the length L of the shaped block. Hence the formula L ≈ 2 l + t applies.
Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen in Analogie zu den Fig. 5 und 6 Halbsteine 40, die Kanäle 31 aufweisen.7 and 8 show, in analogy to FIGS. 5 and 6, half stones 40 which have channels 31.
In Fig. 9 ist eine Seitenansicht des in Fig. 7 dargestellten Halbsteines 40 dargestellt.FIG. 9 shows a side view of the half stone 40 shown in FIG. 7.
Die Fig. 10 zeigt die Draufsicht auf den in Fig. 9 dargestellten Halbstein 40. In dieser Ansicht sind wiederum die an der Trennwand 42 angeordneten Nocken 43, 44 zu sehen. Der Formstein 41 zeigt genauso wie der in Fig. 4 dargestellte Formstein 1 auf seiner Querseite 4 einen der Längsmittelebene 6 näheren Nocken 11 und einen der Längsmittelebene 6 ferneren Nocken 10. In Analogie zur Querseite 5 des in Fig. 4 dargestellten Formsteines 1 zeigt der Formstein 41 auf seiner der Querseite 5 in Bezug auf die Distanz- bzw. Verzahnungsmittel 9 entsprechenden Trennwand 42 einen der Längsmittelebene 6 näheren Nocken 44 (38 in Fig. 4) und einen der Längsmittelebene 6 ferneren Nocken 43 (39 in Fig. 4). Durch diese Anordnung der Nocken 43, 44 an der Trennwand 42 ist es möglich, zwei Halbsteine 40 mit ihren Trennwänden 42 aneinander zu setzen und dadurch praktisch einen Vollstein zu erhalten. Durch diese Möglichkeit werden sogenannte Parklinien 80 (siehe Fig. 12) erzeugt.FIG. 10 shows the top view of the half-stone 40 shown in FIG. 9. This view again shows the cams 43, 44 arranged on the partition wall 42. The shaped block 41 shows exactly the same as that shown in FIG. 4 Shaped stone 1 on its transverse side 4, a cam 11 closer to the longitudinal center plane 6 and a cam 10 farther from the longitudinal center plane 6. In analogy to the transverse side 5 of the shaped stone 1 shown in FIG. Partition 42 corresponding to toothing means 9 and a cam 44 (38 in FIG. 4) closer to the longitudinal center plane 6 and a cam 43 (39 in FIG. 4) further away from the longitudinal center plane 6. This arrangement of the cams 43, 44 on the dividing wall 42 makes it possible to place two half stones 40 with their dividing walls 42 against one another and thereby practically obtain a solid stone. This possibility creates so-called parking lines 80 (see FIG. 12).
In den Fig. 1 bis 10 ist zu sehen, daß die Distanz- bzw. Verzahnungsmittel 9 von der Seitenkante 24 einen Abstand a (siehe Fig. 7) aufweisen, der mindestens der halben Nockenbreite b (siehe Fig. 7) entspricht.1 to 10 it can be seen that the spacing or toothing means 9 are at a distance a from the side edge 24 (see FIG. 7) which corresponds to at least half the cam width b (see FIG. 7).
Fig. 11 zeigt einen Verband 45 von Formsteinen 1 bzw. 41, die Verzahnungspaare 45a bis 45e aufweisen. Konkret handelt es sich hier um Steine 46 bis 51. Der Verband 45 weist eine Randabschlußkante 52 auf, die senkrecht zum Längsverband der Steine verläuft. Mit Hilfe des Steines 51, bei dem es sich um einen Halbstein 40 handelt, wird erklärt, wie dieser im Verband 45 gehalten wird. Der Stein 51 stützt sich mit seinen Nocken 12, 13 bzw. 34, 35 in Westrichtung (s. Rosette in Fig. 11) gegen die Nocken 12, 13 des Steines 46 bzw. gegen die Nocken 34, 35 des Steines 50 ab. Somit wird verhindert, daß er in Westrichtung aus dem Verband 45 driften kann. Eine Verschiebung des Steines 51 in Nord- bzw. Südrichtung wird zum einen durch das Anliegen der Kontaktflächen 26 der Nocken 12, 13 bzw. 34, 35 an den Seitenwänden 2 bzw. 3 der Steine 46 bzw. 50 verhindert. Zum anderen wird der Stein 51 durch die Nocken 10, 11, die mit den Nocken 10, 11 des Steines 48 drei Verzahnungspaare 53, 54, 55 bilden, gehalten. Ein Verschieben des Steines 51 in Ostrichtung wird durch den Stein 48 verhindert, der sich über seine Nocken 34, 35 bzw. 12, 13 am Stein 46 bzw. 50 abstützt.11 shows a bandage 45 of shaped blocks 1 and 41, which have pairs of teeth 45a to 45e. Specifically, these are stones 46 to 51. The bandage 45 has an edge 52 that runs perpendicular to the longitudinal bandage of the stones. With the help of the stone 51, which is a half stone 40, it is explained how this is held in the bandage 45. The stone 51 is supported with its cams 12, 13 and 34, 35 in the west direction (see rosette in FIG. 11) against the cams 12, 13 of the stone 46 and against the cams 34, 35 of the stone 50. This prevents it from drifting out of the bandage 45 in the west direction. A shift of the stone 51 in the north or south direction is prevented on the one hand by the contact surfaces 26 of the cams 12, 13 and 34, 35 resting on the side walls 2 and 3 of the stones 46 and 50, respectively. On the other hand, the stone 51 is held by the cams 10, 11, which form three pairs of teeth 53, 54, 55 with the cams 10, 11 of the stone 48. A move of the stone 51 in the east direction is prevented by the stone 48, which is supported on the stone 46 or 50 via its cams 34, 35 or 12, 13.
Die Steine 51, 46 liegen sich mit ihren Schultern 19, 20 im Verband 45 gegenüber. Zwischen den Schultern 19, 20 wird ein Wasserablaufschacht 56 ausgebildet, der sich bis zu dem Nocken 13 des Steines 51 bzw. 46 erstreckt und einen Querschnitt 57 aufweist. Durch eine Verschiebung der Schultern 19, 20 in Richtung der zum jeweiligen Stein gehörenden Schnittgeraden 8, 8a entstehen beispielsweise Schultern 19', 20'. Zwischen den Schultern 19', 20', den Längsseiten 2, 3 und den Nocken 13 der Steine 51, 46 wird nun ein Wasserablaufschacht 56' mit einem vergrößerten Querschnitt 57' ausgebildet. Diese Vergrößerung des Wasserablaufschachtes 56 beeinträchtigt weder das Aussehen des Verbandes 45, da die durch die Oberkante 23 gebildete Kontur im Wesentlichen beibehalten wird, noch beeinträchtigt sie den Zusammenhalt der Steine 51, 46, da für die Vergrößerung des Wasserablaufschachtes 56 nicht auf Distanz- bzw. Verzahnungsmittel 9 verzichtet werden muß.The stones 51, 46 face each other with their shoulders 19, 20 in the association 45. A water drainage shaft 56 is formed between the shoulders 19, 20 and extends as far as the cam 13 of the stone 51 or 46 and has a cross section 57. By shifting the shoulders 19, 20 in the direction of the straight line 8, 8a belonging to the respective stone, shoulders 19 ', 20' are created, for example. A water drainage duct 56 'with an enlarged cross section 57' is now formed between the shoulders 19 ', 20', the long sides 2, 3 and the cams 13 of the stones 51, 46. This enlargement of the water drainage shaft 56 does not impair the appearance of the dressing 45, since the contour formed by the upper edge 23 is essentially retained, nor does it impair the cohesion of the stones 51, 46, since the enlargement of the water drainage shaft 56 does not depend on distance or Gear means 9 must be dispensed with.
Nach einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist eine Vergrößerung des Querschnitts 57 des Wasserablaufschachtes 56 auch durch die konkave Ausbildung der Schultern 19'', 20'', wie sie zwischen den Steinen 51 und 50 gestrichelt dargestellt ist, möglich. Durch diese Maßnahme ergibt sich ein Wasserablaufschacht 56'' mit einem Querschnitt 57'', der durch seine weiche Form das strenge Aussehen des Verbandes 45 auflockert.According to an alternative embodiment, an enlargement of the cross section 57 of the water drainage shaft 56 is also possible through the concave design of the shoulders 19 ″, 20 ″, as shown in broken lines between the stones 51 and 50. This measure results in a water drainage duct 56 ″ with a cross section 57 ″, which loosens up the strict appearance of the dressing 45 due to its soft shape.
Weiterhin zeigen die Steine 48, 50 die auf der Unterseite 30 liegenden Kanäle 31. Nach einer ersten Ausführungsform besitzt der Formstein 1 bzw. der Stein 48 Kanäle 58, 59, die die sich in Bezug auf die Längsmittelebene 6 gegenüberliegenden Wasserablaufschächte 56 verbinden. Durch diese Maßnahme wird im Verband 45 ein System von parallel zueinander verlaufenden Kanälen 31 geschaffen.Furthermore, the stones 48, 50 show the channels 31 lying on the underside 30. According to a first embodiment, the shaped stone 1 or the stone 48 has channels 58, 59 which connect the water drainage shafts 56 opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6. By this measure creates a system of channels 31 running parallel to one another in the association 45.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, daß Kanäle 60, 61, die sich in Bezug auf die Längsmittelebene 6 schräg gegenüberliegenden Wasserablaufschächte 56 verbinden und sich an einem Kreuzungspunkt 62 schneiden. Durch diese Anordnung ist es möglich, daß das abzuführende Wasser nicht nur parallel zur Quermittelebene 7, sondern auch in Richtung der Längsmittelebene 6 fließen kann. Dies bringt insbesondere den Vorteil, daß der Verband 45 auch zur Randabschlußkante 52 hin entwässert werden kann.According to a further embodiment, it is provided that channels 60, 61, which connect to each other at an angle with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6 water drainage shafts 56 and intersect at an intersection 62. This arrangement makes it possible for the water to be discharged to flow not only parallel to the transverse central plane 7 but also in the direction of the longitudinal central plane 6. This has the particular advantage that the dressing 45 can also be drained towards the edge 52.
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante ist es vorgesehen, sowohl die Kanäle 58, 59 als auch die Kanäle 60, 61 an der Unterseite 30 eines Formsteines 1 anzubringen. Hierbei entstehen weitere Kreuzungspunkte 63, in denen sich der Kanal 59 mit den Kanälen 60, 61 bzw. der Kanal 58 mit den Kanälen 60, 61 schneidet. Dieses Kanalsystem weist insbesondere den Vorteil auf, daß das Kanalsystem bei minimaler Schwächung der Biegesteifigkeit des Formsteines 1 eine große Wassermenge zwischenspeichern kann und ein verstopfter Einzelkanal kein absolutes Durchflußhindernis bildet, da das Wasser beispielsweise bei einem verstopften Kanal 58 immer noch über die Kanäle 61, 60 fließen kann.According to a further embodiment variant, it is provided that both the channels 58, 59 and the channels 60, 61 are attached to the underside 30 of a shaped block 1. This creates further crossing points 63 in which the channel 59 intersects with the channels 60, 61 and the channel 58 intersects with the channels 60, 61. This channel system has the particular advantage that the channel system can temporarily store a large amount of water with minimal weakening of the bending stiffness of the molded block 1 and a clogged individual channel does not constitute an absolute flow obstacle, since the water, for example in the case of a blocked channel 58, still flows through the channels 61, 60 can flow.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung (siehe Fig. 12) können an den Formsteinen 1, 41 im Bereich der Querseiten 4, 5 Begrünungsausnehmungen 71 vorgesehen sein. Durch die aneinander stoßenden Begrünungsausnehmungen 71, beispielsweise der Steine 66 und 67, ergibt sich eine Begrünungsinsel 72. Wie im Stein 67 beispielhaft durch gestrichelte Linien dargestellt ist, können die Begrünungsinseln 72 durch Kanäle 73, 74, die zusätzlich zum bestehenden Kanalsystem oder alleine vorgesehen sein können, mit Wasser versorgt werden. Auf diese Weise ist sichergestellt, daß die in der Begrünungsinsel wachsende Pflanze 72 optimal mit Wasser versorgt wird.According to a development of the invention (see FIG. 12), greening recesses 71 can be provided on the shaped stones 1, 41 in the area of the transverse sides 4, 5. A greening island 72 results from the abutting greenery recesses 71, for example of the stones 66 and 67. As shown by broken lines in stone 67, the greening islands 72 can be provided by channels 73, 74, which are provided in addition to the existing channel system or alone can be supplied with water. That way ensures that the plant 72 growing in the greening island is optimally supplied with water.
Figur 13 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf den Verband 45. Die Formsteine 1 weisen an den Längsseiten 2, 3 Nocken 12 bis 15 und 34 bis 37 auf, die sich bezüglich der Längsmittelebene 6 versetzt gegenüberliegen. Diese Anordnung der Distanz- bzw. Verzahnungsmittel 9 an den Längsseiten 2, 3 bietet den Vorteil, daß sich der an die Randabschlußkante 52 des Verbandes 45 angrenzende Halbstein 40 sowohl in Ost- als auch in Westrichtung an den an seinen Längsseiten 2, 3 anliegenden Formsteinen 1 abstützen kann. Somit kann der Halbstein 40 Belastungen in Westrichtung über den an seiner Längsseite 2 anliegenden Formstein 1 und über den an seiner Querseite 4 anliegenden Formstein 1 ableitet. Belastungen in Ostrichtung werden über den an der Längsseite 3 des Halbsteines 40 anliegenden Formstein 1 abgeleitet. Somit werden auftretende Kräfte optimal auf den Verband 45 verteilt.FIG. 13 shows a top view of the bandage 45. The shaped blocks 1 have cams 12 to 15 and 34 to 37 on the longitudinal sides 2, 3, which are offset with respect to the longitudinal center plane 6. This arrangement of the spacing or toothing means 9 on the long sides 2, 3 offers the advantage that the half-stone 40 adjoining the edge 52 of the bandage 45 adjoins the shaped stones lying on its long sides 2, 3 in both the east and west direction 1 can support. Thus, the half-stone 40 can divert loads in the west direction via the shaped stone 1 lying on its longitudinal side 2 and via the shaped stone 1 lying on its transverse side 4. Loads in the east direction are derived via the shaped stone 1 lying on the long side 3 of the half stone 40. Forces occurring are optimally distributed to the dressing 45.
Der Verband 45 weist ein Raster 75 auf. Dieses Raster wird aus Rasterlinien 76, 77 gebildet. Die Rasterlinien 76 verlaufen parallel zu den Quermittelebenen 7 der Formsteine 1 und schneiden die an den Querseiten 4, 5 der Formsteine 1 angeordneten Distanz- bzw. Verzahnungsmittel 9 mittig. Die Rasterlinien 77 verlaufen parallel zu den Längsmittelebenen 6 der Formsteine 1 und schneiden die an den Längsseiten 2, 3 angeordneten Nocken 12, 15 bzw. 34, 37 mittig. Auf eine Eintragung des Rasters 75 in die Figuren 11 und 12 wurde verzichtet, um diese Figuren übersichtlich zu halten.The dressing 45 has a grid 75. This grid is formed from grid lines 76, 77. The grid lines 76 run parallel to the transverse center planes 7 of the shaped blocks 1 and cut the spacing or toothing means 9 arranged on the transverse sides 4, 5 of the shaped blocks 1 in the center. The grid lines 77 run parallel to the longitudinal center planes 6 of the shaped blocks 1 and cut the cams 12, 15 and 34, 37 arranged on the longitudinal sides 2, 3 in the center. The grid 75 was not entered in FIGS. 11 and 12 in order to keep these figures clear.
- 11
- Formsteincast stone
- 22
- Längsseitelong side
- 33
- Längsseitelong side
- 44
- Querseitetransverse side
- 55
- Querseitetransverse side
- 66
- LängsmittelebeneLongitudinal center plane
- 77
- QuermmittelebeneQuermmittelebene
- 7a7a
- Ebenelevel
- 88th
- Schnittgeradeline of intersection
- 8a8a
- Schnittgeradeline of intersection
- 99
- Distanz- bzw. VerzahnungsmittelDistance or gear means
- 10 - 1510-15
- Nockencam
- 1616
- Absatzparagraph
- 1717
- Absatzparagraph
- 18 - 2118-21
- Schultershoulder
- 2222
- Konturcontour
- 2323
- Oberkantetop edge
- 2424
- Seitenkanteside edge
- 2525
- Unterkantelower edge
- 2626
- Kontaktflächecontact area
- 2727
- Schubflächepushing surface
- 27a27a
- Schultershoulder
- 2828
- Deckflächecover surface
- 2929
- Oberseitetop
- 3030
- Unterseitebottom
- 3131
- Kanalchannel
- 3232
- Abschnittsection
- 3333
- Abschnittsection
- 34 - 3934-39
- Nockencam
- 4040
- Halbsteinsemi stone
- 4141
- Formsteincast stone
- 4242
- Trennwandpartition wall
- 4343
- Nockencam
- 4444
- Nockencam
- 4545
- VerbandAssociation
- 45a45a
- Verzahnungspaarinterlocking pair
- 45b45b
- Verzahnungspaarinterlocking pair
- 45c45c
- Verzahnungspaarinterlocking pair
- 45d45d
- Verzahnungspaarinterlocking pair
- 45e45e
- Verzahnungspaarinterlocking pair
- 47 - 4947-49
- Verzahnungspaarinterlocking pair
- 46 - 5146-51
- Steinstone
- 5252
- RandabschlußkanteEdge sealing edge
- 53 - 5553-55
- Verzahnungspaarinterlocking pair
- 5656
- WasserablaufschachtWater downcomer
- 5757
- Querschnittcross-section
- 58 - 6158-61
- Kanalchannel
- 6262
- Kreuzungspunktintersection
- 63 - 7063-70
- Steinstone
- 7171
- BegrünungsausnehmungBegrünungsausnehmung
- 7272
- Begrünungsinselgreening island
- 7373
- Kanalchannel
- 7474
- Kanalchannel
- 7575
- Rastergrid
- 7676
- Rasterliniegrid line
- 7777
- Rasterliniegrid line
- 8080
- ParkliniePark line
Claims (15)
- A shaped block (1) to be laid in the longitudinal bond having a substantially rectangular area with longitudinal and transversal sides and spacing or interlocking means such as ribs, wherein the rib (12, 15 or 34, 37) closer to one transversal side (4, 5) of the shaped block (1) forms an interlocking pair with a rib of an opposing brick,
characterised in that each section of the longitudinal sides (2, 3) separated by a transversal central plane (7) comprises at least two ribs (12, 13; 14, 15; 34, 35; 36, 37), wherein the rib (12; 15; 34; 37) closer to one transverse side (4, 5) of the shaped block (1) with a rib (13; 14; 35; 36) of an opposing block farther from a transverse side (4, 5) and closer to the transversal central plane (7) forms an interlocking pair (45a), which is spaced by at least one rib width (b) from the interlocking pair (45b), which is formed by the rib (13; 14; 35; 36) farther from the transverse side (4, 5) and the rib (12; 15; 34; 37) of the opposing block closer to the transverse side (4, 5), wherein the rib (13; 14; 35; 36) farther from the transverse side (4, 5) is disposed on a trapezoidal projecting part (16, 17) which is symmetrical to the transversal central plane (7) and has lateral shoulders (18-21). - A shaped block,
characterised in that a half-block (40) is formed by halving the shaped block (1) according to Claim 1 in the transversal central plane (7), less half the depth of a rib (43, 44) provided there. - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the rib (12, 34, 37, 15, 10, 39) closer to one transverse side (4, 5) or longitudinal side (2, 3) of the shaped block (1, 41) with its shoulder (27a) close to the transverse side (4, 5) or longitudinal side (2, 3) has at least a distance (a) to the transverse side (4, 5) or longitudinal side (2, 3) which corresponds to half the rib width (b). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that water run-off ducts (56) are constructed between the interlocking pairs (45a, 45b). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the water run-off ducts (56) are primarily constructed between the opposite shoulders (18-21) of the projecting parts (16, 17) of the shaped blocks (1, 41) and of the opposing blocks. - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the shoulder (18-21) of the projecting part (16, 17) is set back towards the centre of the block. - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the shoulder (18-21) runs concavely towards the centre of the block. - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that at its under side (30) the shaped block (1) comprises channels (31) running with mirror symmetry to the transversal central plane (7). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the channels (31) connect the water run-off ducts (56), which lie opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal central plane (6). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the channels (31) connect the water run-off ducts (56), which lie opposite one another with respect to the intersecting line (8) of the longitudinal central plane (6) with the transversal central plane, wherein the channels intersect. - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the water run-off ducts (56) discharge respectively into a first channel (58, 59), which connects them to the water run-off duct (56) situated opposite with respect to the longitudinal central plane (6), and into a second channel (60, 61), which connects them to the water run-off duct (56) situated opposite with respect to the intersecting line (8) of the longitudinal central plane (6). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that each transverse side (4, 5) comprises at least two ribs (10, 11; 38, 39), wherein the rib (11, 38) closer to the longitudinal central plane (6) with a rib (10; 39) of an opposing block farther from the longitudinal central plane (6) forms an interlocking pair (45c), which is spaced from the interlocking pair (45d), which is formed by the rib (10; 39) farther from the longitudinal central plane (6) with the rib (11, 38) of the opposing block closer to the longitudinal central plane (6), and wherein the rib (11; 38) closer to the longitudinal central plane (6) together with the rib (11; 38) of the opposing block closer to the longitudinal central plane (6) forms a third interlocking pair (45e). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that on the transverse side (4, 5) the shaped block (1) comprises a vegetation recess (71) symmetrical to the longitudinal central plane (6). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that one side of the vegetation recess (71) always passes into the rib (10; 39) farther from the longitudinal central plane (6). - A shaped block according to one of the preceding Claims,
characterised in that the vegetation recess (71) is connected to at least one water run-off duct (56) via a channel (31).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19925352A DE19925352A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Shaped stone |
DE19925352 | 1999-06-02 | ||
PCT/EP2000/004975 WO2000075431A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2000-05-31 | Purpose-made brick |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1181414A1 EP1181414A1 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
EP1181414B1 true EP1181414B1 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
Family
ID=7910069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00936842A Expired - Lifetime EP1181414B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2000-05-31 | Purpose-made brick |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1181414B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE263284T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19925352A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000075431A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10323511B4 (en) * | 2003-05-24 | 2006-01-26 | Betonwerke Munderkingen Reinschütz GmbH | stone set |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH688827A5 (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1998-04-15 | Tschuemperlin Ag A | Connecting stone block used in roads and squares |
DE29619583U1 (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-07-02 | Johann Pfennig GmbH, 68623 Lampertheim | Concrete paving stone for seepable paving with high load-bearing capacity |
DE29712833U1 (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 1998-08-20 | Betonwerk Münstermann GmbH, 33334 Gütersloh | Concrete form stone for drainage paving in the composite |
-
1999
- 1999-06-02 DE DE19925352A patent/DE19925352A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-05-31 WO PCT/EP2000/004975 patent/WO2000075431A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-31 DE DE50005910T patent/DE50005910D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-31 AT AT00936842T patent/ATE263284T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-31 EP EP00936842A patent/EP1181414B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000075431A1 (en) | 2000-12-14 |
DE50005910D1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
DE19925352A1 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
EP1181414A1 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
ATE263284T1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
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