EP1173045A2 - Elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit Schutzschaltung - Google Patents
Elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit Schutzschaltung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1173045A2 EP1173045A2 EP01113987A EP01113987A EP1173045A2 EP 1173045 A2 EP1173045 A2 EP 1173045A2 EP 01113987 A EP01113987 A EP 01113987A EP 01113987 A EP01113987 A EP 01113987A EP 1173045 A2 EP1173045 A2 EP 1173045A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switching
- heating
- heating elements
- mosfet
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0202—Switches
- H05B1/0205—Switches using a fusible material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric heater according to the features of the preamble of the claim 1.
- German patent DE 197 33 045 C1 describes such a heating device, at of the multiple series connections each consisting of two power MOSFETs connected in parallel to a supply voltage are. In series with the two power MOSFETs of each branch a fuse is switched. To a current flow and thus a warming in one of the branches of the known To effect heating device, both must be in the respective Conduct branch power MOSFET connected in series. It comes thereby to a defect or to a short circuit of one of the two power semiconductors in one branch, so each other power semiconductors switched off to another To prevent current flow.
- the aim of the present invention is to provide a heating device to provide, which in the event of a defect or overheating, one of the switching and heating elements used switches off safely.
- the heating device at least two switching and heating elements, each with a control terminal and have a load path, the load paths the switching and heating elements are connected in parallel.
- the Series connection of the fuse and the switching and heating elements is connected to a supply voltage.
- the invention Heater also has a protective circuit on the at least one of the control connection Switching elements is connected, and being the protective circuit is designed for the connected switching element depending on the temperature of at least one of the others Switch on switching elements.
- Switching and heating elements defective is activated by the protective circuit at least one of the other switching and Heating elements conductive, preferably all switching and Heating elements controlled by the protective circuit conductive.
- the control of those connected to the protective circuit Switching and heating elements take place in such a way that these Switching and heating elements have such a high current consumption, that the series connected to the switching and heating elements Fuse unit triggers and the power supply the entire heater interrupts.
- Heater preferably semiconductor devices, such as MOSFET, application. These semiconductor components can be used for heating via their respective control connection (gate connection) controlled in such a way that they have a variable, have medium to high-resistance switch-on resistance, so that over their load path (drain-source path) a variable current even with correspondingly high voltages flows and thus a controllable heating of the component occurs, which is desired and for heating air or Liquids, such as the cooling water of a car, are used becomes.
- the area in which the on-resistance occurs a suitable control can be varied during heating can, is of the desired heating output and the dimensioning dependent on the semiconductor device.
- the present invention all switching and heating elements connected in parallel the protection circuit must be connected to at least the defect one of the switching and heating elements controlled become. Or just some of the parallel ones Switching and heating elements on the protective circuit for control be connected. It should be noted that it is out Security reasons can be useful in the event of an error to control as many switching and heating elements as possible the greatest possible current flow through the fuse unit, and thus to safely trigger the fuse.
- the protective circuit of the heating device temperature controlled switch provided between a Node for a supply potential and a common one Node is connected.
- the control connections of the through the Protective circuit controllable switching elements are on coupled the common node.
- the temperature controlled Switch is designed so that it is exceeded a predetermined temperature on one of the switching and heating elements, with which the temperature controlled switch in is connected, the common node of the Protection circuit to which the control connections of the heating and switching elements are coupled to the value of a supply potential which ensures that the connected switching and heating elements are sufficient cause high current consumption at which the fuse trips.
- a temperature-controlled one Switches with each of the heating and switching elements thermally couple to ensure that at one Defect of each of the heating and switching elements the other switching and heating elements become conductive and the Trigger fuse.
- the temperature controlled switches are preferably thyristors, whose one connection to one of the load route connections of the switching and heating element is connected and whose other connection is connected to the common node is.
- the preferred temperature controlled one Thyristor ignites when a design temperature is reached, the voltage drop across the conductive thyristor is low, so the control connections of the non-defective Switching and heating elements can be controlled safely.
- the temperature controlled switch is preferably in the associated one Integrated switching and heating element, with one monolithic integration of the switching and heating element and the temperature controlled switch in a semiconductor body are trained.
- the temperature controlled switch and that associated switching and heating element can also be called Chip-on-chip arrangement can be formed in which a chip with the switching and heating element and a chip with the temperature controlled Switches arranged one above the other and thermally are conductively connected. With both solutions one achieves one optimal and defined heat coupling.
- the heater according to the present invention hereinafter using described by power MOSFET as switching and heating elements using described by power MOSFET as switching and heating elements.
- the gate connection of a MOSFET fulfills the function a control connection
- the drain-source path of the MOSFET represents the load path of that formed by the MOSFET Switching and heating element.
- Figures 1 to 3 are n-channel MOSFET used as switching and heating elements.
- the invention is of course also in connection with p-channel MOSFET can be used, then supply voltages reverse polarity and the polarity of polarity-dependent components, such as for example diodes, must be exchanged.
- Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of an inventive Heater using power MOSFET T1, T2, Tn shown.
- the drain-source paths D-S of the MOSFET T1, T2, Tn are connected in parallel, this parallel connection in series with a fuse unit Si, for example a fuse or a magnetic fuse, is switched.
- the MOSFET T1, T2, Tn are usually spatial distributed in the medium to be heated to a better distribution of those emitted by the heater Heat, for example in an air supply or a liquid container, to effect. It is also conceivable that the individual MOSFET independently of one another for heating different ones Media operated.
- Gate connections G are used to control the heating mode the MOSFET T1, T2, Tn connected to a control circuit S. How it works and how it connects MOSFET T1, T2, Tn to the control circuit AS is for the irrelevant present invention.
- the control circuit AS and their connection to the MOSFET T1, T2, Tn is in the figures 1 and 2 are therefore shown in dashed lines.
- the essential Requirement for the control circuit AS is that it Controls MOSFET T1, T2, Tn for heating operation in such a way that they have a medium to high switch-on resistance, so that when a voltage is applied across their drain-source paths D-S a medium to low current flows in and out large part of the electrical power provided to the MOSFET T1, T2 controlled by the control circuit AS Tn is converted into heat.
- Such control by Apply a gate voltage at which the MOSFET do not switch through. Whether through the control circuit AS all MOSFET T1, T2, Tn simultaneously or independently of each other controlled depends on the respective application.
- the heating device has a protective device SC on, with output terminals A1, A2, A3 of the protection device each to the gate terminal G of one of the MOSFETs T1, T2, Tn is connected.
- the protective circuit SC has furthermore one corresponding to the number of MOSFET T1, T2, Tn Number of temperature-controlled switches S1, S2, Sn on, the thermally coupled to one of the MOSFETs T1, T2, Tn is.
- the temperature-controlled switches S1, S2, Sn are in the embodiment of Figure 2 as temperature controlled Thyristors are formed, each between a node N11 for supply potential and a common node N2 of the protective circuit SC are connected.
- the node N11 for supply potential is in the embodiment according to Fig.
- the node, which of the fuse unit Si and the Drain terminals D of all MOSFET T1, T2, Tn is common and at which a supply potential is present, which is the supply voltage V minus the one above the fuse unit Si falling voltage corresponds to Vsi.
- a series circuit made up of a resistor R1, R2, Rn and a diode D1, D2, Dn connected, which the Complete the task, the gate connections G of the MOSFET T1, T2, Tn to protect against excessive control levels.
- the MOSFET T1 is driven by the drive circuit AS is to heat a medium in which it is housed, further assuming that in the MOSFET T1 Defect occurs, which leads to excessive heating of this semiconductor component leads. If it is a due to the design Temperature threshold of the temperature controlled thyristor If S1 is reached, this thyristor ignites S1 and sets the common one Node N2 approximates the value of that on the Node N11 connected supply potential.
- the MOSFET T2, Tn are connected via the series connection of the diode D2 and the Resistor R2, or the diode Dn and the resistor Rn, driven, taking into account the resistances R2, Rn of the potential present at the common node N2 are selected that at the gate connections T2, Tn Sufficiently high potential exists to over the load routes D-S of this MOSFET T2, Tn to cause a large current flow, or to switch through the load paths of the MOSFET T2, Tn.
- the fuse unit Si is designed to control the current flow between the connection terminals AK1, AK1 of the supply voltage source to limit. If this current rises above you value due to the design of the fuse unit Si, so the fuse unit Si triggers and interrupts the Power supply to the MOSFET T1, T2, Tn.
- the inventive Heating device triggers the fuse unit Si in the above Use case when the MOSFET T2, Tn driven through the temperature-controlled thyristor S2 and so a large current flow through the fuse unit Si cause. This is regardless of whether the two are not defective MOSFET T2, Tn before the defect of the MOSFET T1 by the Control circuit AS were also controlled to heat, or whether they were switched off.
- Heater takes advantage of the power MOSFET T1, T2, Tn operated with different power consumption can be.
- the power MOSFETs are used for heating T1, T2, Tn controlled via the control circuit AS, that they have a low power consumption, the maximum current permissible by the fuse unit Si and the recorded by the MOSFET T1, T2, Tn during the heating operation Currents are coordinated so that the Fuse unit Si does not trip even if all are in parallel switched MOSFET T1, T2, Tn by the drive circuit AS are controlled for heating mode.
- the power MOSFET T1, T2, Tn can also be controlled that they have a large current draw around the fuse unit To trigger Si.
- the power MOSFETs are T1, T2, Tn preferably dimensioned such that a through the Protection circuit SC controlled conductive MOSFET T1; T2; Tn is sufficient to trigger the fuse unit Si.
- temperature-controlled switches S1, S2, Sn are in addition to temperature-controlled Thyristors of course any further temperature-controlled switches can be used, which at Switch a predefined temperature or switch one have low line resistance in order not to defective Control MOSFET.
- the control circuit AS must be trained to raise the Potentials at the gate connections of the power MOSFET the protection circuit SC allows to enable that conduct the power MOSFET well and trip the fuse Si.
- Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention Heating device in which the protective circuit SC only has an output terminal A, to which all MOSFET T1, T2, Tn are connected together. Between the common Node N2 and output terminal A are in the corresponding Way as in Fig. 1 a series connection of a Diode D4 and a resistor R4 connected to the gate terminals G the power MOSFET T1, T2, Tn before the drive potentials are too high to protect.
- the heating device shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1 and heater described above.
- Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of an inventive Heating device, which differs from those in Figures 1 and 2 shown heating devices in that that not for each of the power MOSFETs connected in parallel T1, T4, T5, Tn a thermally coupled temperature controlled Switch S1, S4, Sn is provided. Only that Power MOSFET T1, T4, Tn have such a temperature-controlled Switches S1, S4, Sn on, while for the No such security element is provided for MOSFET T5. Furthermore, not every one of the power MOSFETs is shown in FIG. 3 can be controlled by the protective circuit. So is the power MOSFET T4 to the control circuit AS for heating operation however not connected to the protective circuit.
- the temperature-controlled Thyristors S1, S4, Sn different from the exemplary embodiments according to Figures 1 and 2 not to the Drain connections D of the power MOSFET T1, T4, T5, Tn but to another node N12 at which a control potential Va is connected.
Landscapes
- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1:
- Schaltbild einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung;
- Figur 2:
- Schaltbild einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung.
- Figur 3:
- Schaltbild einer dritten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung.
- A
- Ausgangsklemme
- A1, A2, An
- Ausgangsklemmen
- AK1, AK2
- Anschlussklemmen
- AS
- Ansteuerschaltung
- D
- Drain-Anschluss
- D1, D2, Dn
- Dioden
- D4, D5
- Dioden
- G
- Gate-Anschluss
- N11, N12
- Knoten für Ansteuerpotential
- N2
- Gemeinsamer Knoten
- R1, R2, Rn
- Widerstände
- R4, R5,
- Widerstände
- S
- Source-Anschluss
- S1, S2, S4
- Temperaturgesteuerte Schalter
- Sn
- Temperaturgesteuerte Schalter
- Si
- Sicherungseinheit
- T1, T2, Tn
- Leistungs-MOSFET
- T4, T5
- Leistungs-MOSFET
- V
- Versorgungsspannung
- Vsi
- Spannung über der Sicherungseinheit
Claims (9)
- Elektrische Heizvorrichtung, die folgende Merkmale aufweist:wenigstens zwei Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, T5, Tn), die jeweils eine Ansteuerklemme (G) und eine Laststrecke (D-S) aufweisen, wobei die Laststrecken (D-S) der wenigstens zwei Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, T5, Tn) parallel geschaltet sind,eine Sicherungseinheit (Si), die in Reihe zu den Laststrekken (D-S) der Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, T5, Tn) geschaltet ist, wobei die Reihenschaltung an eine Versorgungsspannung (V) angeschlossen ist,eine an den Steueranschluss (G) wenigstens eines der Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T5, Tn) angeschlossene Schutzschaltung (SC) zum Einschalten des angeschlossenen Schalt- und Heizelements (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T5, Tn) nach Maßgabe der Temperatur an wenigstens einem der Schaltelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, Tn).
- Heizvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Schutzschaltung (SC) an die Steueranschlüsse (G) aller Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn) angeschlossen ist.
- Heizvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die Temperaturen an allen Schalt- und Heizelementen (T1, T2, Tn) bei der Ansteuerung der an die Schutzschaltung (SC) angeschlossenen Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn) berücksichtigt werden.
- Heizvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche , bei der die Schutzschaltung wenigstens einen temperaturgesteuerten Schalter (S1, S2, Sn; S1, S4, Sn) aufweist, der zwischen einem Knoten (N1; N11) für ein Versorgungspotential und einem gemeinsamen Knoten (N2), an den die Steueranschlüsse (G) der durch die Schutzschaltung ansteuerbaren Schaltelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, T5, Tn) gekoppelt sind, verschaltet ist und der an eines der Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, Tn) thermisch gekoppelt ist.
- Heizvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, bei der an jedes der Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn) ein temperaturgesteuerter Schalter thermisch gekoppelt ist.
- Heizvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei der die Steueranschlüsse (G) der durch die Schutzschaltung (SC) ansteuerbaren Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T5, Tn) über Dioden (D1, D2, Dn; D1, D5, Dn) an den gemeinsamen Knoten (N2) gekoppelt sind.
- Heizvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Schalt- und Heizelemente (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, T5, Tn) Halbleiterschaltelemente, insbesondere Transistoren sind.
- Heizvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der die temperaturgesteuerten Schalter (S1, S2, Sn; S1, S4, Sn) jeweils an einen Anschluss (D) der Laststrecke (D-S) eines Schalt- und Heizelements (T1, T2, Tn; T1, T4, Tn) angeschlossen sind.
- Heizvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der temperaturgesteuerte Schalter (S1, S2, Sn; S1, S4, Sn) ein Thyristor ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10034063A DE10034063C2 (de) | 2000-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit Schutzschaltung |
DE10034063 | 2000-07-13 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1173045A2 true EP1173045A2 (de) | 2002-01-16 |
EP1173045A3 EP1173045A3 (de) | 2003-01-22 |
EP1173045B1 EP1173045B1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
Family
ID=7648796
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01113987A Expired - Lifetime EP1173045B1 (de) | 2000-07-13 | 2001-06-08 | Elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit Schutzschaltung |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1173045B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10034063C2 (de) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3393870A (en) * | 1966-12-20 | 1968-07-23 | Texas Instruments Inc | Means for controlling temperature rise of temperature stabilized substrates |
EP0031475A1 (de) * | 1979-12-07 | 1981-07-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Heizbare Flüssigkristallzelle |
GB2076056A (en) * | 1980-05-20 | 1981-11-25 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Fuel heating device |
DE19733045C1 (de) * | 1997-07-31 | 1998-07-30 | Fahrzeugklimaregelung Gmbh | Elektrische Heizung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19744765A1 (de) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-04-15 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Sicherungselements |
DE19754415A1 (de) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-06-10 | Wickmann Werke Gmbh | Schutzschaltung |
-
2000
- 2000-07-13 DE DE10034063A patent/DE10034063C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-06-08 DE DE50103377T patent/DE50103377D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-08 EP EP01113987A patent/EP1173045B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3393870A (en) * | 1966-12-20 | 1968-07-23 | Texas Instruments Inc | Means for controlling temperature rise of temperature stabilized substrates |
EP0031475A1 (de) * | 1979-12-07 | 1981-07-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Heizbare Flüssigkristallzelle |
GB2076056A (en) * | 1980-05-20 | 1981-11-25 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Fuel heating device |
DE19733045C1 (de) * | 1997-07-31 | 1998-07-30 | Fahrzeugklimaregelung Gmbh | Elektrische Heizung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1173045A3 (de) | 2003-01-22 |
EP1173045B1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
DE10034063A1 (de) | 2002-01-31 |
DE50103377D1 (de) | 2004-09-30 |
DE10034063C2 (de) | 2003-10-16 |
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