EP1171252B1 - Verfahren zur massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen bauteilen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen bauteilen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1171252B1 EP1171252B1 EP00914010A EP00914010A EP1171252B1 EP 1171252 B1 EP1171252 B1 EP 1171252B1 EP 00914010 A EP00914010 A EP 00914010A EP 00914010 A EP00914010 A EP 00914010A EP 1171252 B1 EP1171252 B1 EP 1171252B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- forming
- heat
- extrusion
- action
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
- B21J9/06—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses
- B21J9/08—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses equipped with devices for heating the work-piece
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the dimensional accuracy and surface quality should correspond to that of cold forming.
- the method should allow in connection with Follow-up operations of individual process steps, such as repressing, Switch off hardening, polishing, cutting or cutting etc., to simplify or cheapen.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the ability to change shape is not a pure material property but also depends on the process conditions.
- a local adaptation of the Resilience to the desired deformation by means of targeted heating of the workpiece using a combination of cold and hot forming, which has the advantages the good forming on the warm workpiece with the advantages cold forming, such as material hardening, dimensional accuracy and high surface quality.
- the cold forming or the resulting thereof Solidification through a specifically influenced Temperature curve on the workpiece can be optimized.
- the heat treatment before, during and after cross extrusion can be known by means known per se, such as induction heating, Flame or laser.
- the preheating of the workpiece can be inductive be carried out during the targeted introduction of Process heat on the press, through a timely and targeted guided high energy laser beam.
- inductive heating according to claim 4 is favorable.
- the depth of penetration of the heat can be determined by a time-dependent control of the frequency of the induction current adjust very precisely so that the transition areas between Cold and hot forming can be clearly distinguished, cf. Claim 5.- This allows the desired temperature profile pretend.
- Heat can also be dissipated using cooled grippers etc. to be controlled. Cooling with water has proven itself; but it can also be done by subsequent air cooling be added so that the press is already at the Removal of the compact is dry. Similar means could be used for the further processing of the Pellets are used in further process stages, what u.a. the lead time and energy costs are considerable would improve.
- a blank 100 is in its central area 40 by a heat source 30 above its recrystallization temperature heated.
- a heat source 30 above its recrystallization temperature heated.
- stamp 10 gripped on its shaft diameter and with a force F deformed so that an axially symmetric Bund (flange) is created.
- the blank 100 is shown individually and with Provide dimension lines; the shaft diameter is d1, the lower shaft diameter d2 and length L0.
- FIG. 1 creates a Pressing 100 'according to FIG. 3, which for example as Gear shaft is used. Because of the cross extrusion the original length L0 reduced to L1, in one area of material forming S1 are thickened material on the shaft lockable; a bundle was pressed with a Diameter D and a collar width S2.
- the hardening behavior is modified locally so that the resilience of the shape change to be achieved is adjusted. So there is a "tailoring" of the material property the forming process. So then local degrees of deformation very much greater than 1.0 without intermediate annealing possible. Since the procedure is essentially a Cold cross extrusion remains is a comparable accuracy the final shape and a desired increase in strength guaranteed. By customizing the chosen local Temperature and controlled cooling can be a in in practice sufficient strength of the hot or semi-hot formed Federal generated.
- FIG. 4 A commercially available robot 60 with an axis of rotation 61 and two articulated arms 62 and 63 and a controlled hydraulic telescopic arm 64 carries one Heater 30 with an induction coil, which over a Blank 100 grips and this through a displacement stroke V selectively partially heated.
- the blank 100 is preceded by the same robot 60 - In the die 20 of a notoriously known hydraulic Press 90 has been spent. There is an ejector cylinder underneath 92; The blank is over the blank 100 10 arranged and in operative connection with a press cylinder 91. - This stage of the process is designated I. and affects partial warming.
- process stage II is the start of the pressing process shown; the hydraulic piston of the press cylinder 91 is moved down in the direction of the arrow.
- Process stage III shows the final pressing at max. Print; The blank 100 has become the compact 100 '.
- process stage IV the die moves back in their starting position while a cooling tongs 50 that with a water and air supply that is heated Batch of compact 100 'cools.
- the cooling tongs 50 are constructed in a manner known per se and has an articulated guide 51 which leads to the robot 60 is compatible.
- a medium supply is also shown 52, a medium drain 53 and the supplied cooling medium M and the extracted medium M '.
- FIG. 5 shows a preferred variant of an inductive heater 30 by means of an induction coil 30 ', which is fed via a three-phase frequency converter 70, characterized by the phases R, S, T.
- the grid frequency is denoted by f N, f controlled by a frequency control signal S V variable frequency V is supplied at a constant current i K of the induction coil 30 '.
- the frequency control signal S V is preferably generated by a program control which takes into account all parameters of the blank 100 and of the compact 100 'to be generated when controlling the heating process.
- Another advantage is that from a simple Blank, without preforming or without an additional die, reproducible rotationally symmetrical spatial shapes can be achieved are.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Prinzipdarstellung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 2
- einen Rohling, vorbereitet für das Querpressen,
- Fig. 3
- den resultierenden Pressling,
- Fig. 4
- die Umsetzung der simultanen Kalt- und Warmumformung auf eine hydraulische Presse, dargestellt in den Verfahrensschritten I - IV und
- Fig. 5
- eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung der erfindungsgemäßen gesteuerten Erwärmung des Rohlings.
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Massivumformung von axial symmetrischen metallischen Bauteilen durch Fliesspressen an einem partiell über die Rekristallisationstemperatur erwärmten Werkstück (100), wobei dieses endseitig in einer Matrize (20) geführt ist und durch einen Press-Stempel (10) fliessgepresst wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einzig der Bereich des durch Querfliessen zu bildenden Bundes über die Rekristallisationstemperatur erwärmt wird, wobei diese Temperatur während des Umformvorganges aufrecht erhalten bleibt, dass dabei in einem durch die Matrize (20) und den Stempel (10) gebildeten axialen Zwischenraum das Formänderungsverhalten des Werkstoffs durch eine gezielte Wärmeeinwirkung an die Umformung angepasst wird, so dass durch eine simultane Warm- und Kaltumformung partielle Kalt- Verfestigungen entstehen und ein querfliessgepresster, axial symmetrischer Bund mit einem Umformgrad des Werkstoffs grösser als 1,0 resultiert.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest während des Erwärmens des Werkstücks (100) die neben dem Bereich maximaler Umformung vorhandenen Bereiche gekühlt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Werkstück (100) nach dem Fliesspressen partiell und kontrolliert abgekühlt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur gezielten Wärmeeinwirkung eine Induktionsspule (30) eingesetzt wird, welche durch einen konstanten Strom (ik), während vorgegebener Zeit, die Wärmeeinwirkung auf das rohe Bauteil (100) steuert.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine variable Frequenz (fv) die Eindringtiefe der Wärmeeinwirkung gesteuert wird.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00914010A EP1171252B1 (de) | 1999-04-16 | 2000-04-12 | Verfahren zur massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen bauteilen |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99810319 | 1999-04-16 | ||
EP99810319A EP1046440A1 (de) | 1999-04-16 | 1999-04-16 | Verfahren zur Massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen Bauteilen |
PCT/CH2000/000212 WO2000062956A1 (de) | 1999-04-16 | 2000-04-12 | Verfahren zur massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen bauteilen |
EP00914010A EP1171252B1 (de) | 1999-04-16 | 2000-04-12 | Verfahren zur massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen bauteilen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1171252A1 EP1171252A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 |
EP1171252B1 true EP1171252B1 (de) | 2003-11-05 |
Family
ID=8242776
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99810319A Withdrawn EP1046440A1 (de) | 1999-04-16 | 1999-04-16 | Verfahren zur Massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen Bauteilen |
EP00914010A Expired - Lifetime EP1171252B1 (de) | 1999-04-16 | 2000-04-12 | Verfahren zur massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen bauteilen |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99810319A Withdrawn EP1046440A1 (de) | 1999-04-16 | 1999-04-16 | Verfahren zur Massivumformung von axial-symmetrischen metallischen Bauteilen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP1046440A1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE253422T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU3548700A (de) |
DE (1) | DE50004335D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000062956A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009009982A1 (de) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | Unikassel Transfer Gmbh Metakus - Anwendungszentrum Metallformgebung | Verfahren zur Herstellung innen- und außenprofilierter Werkstücke |
CN102554584A (zh) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-07-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于制造具有大的轴承支承部位的丝杠的方法 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2865949B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-11 | 2006-05-19 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Presse hybride pour le formage de pieces de fortes dimensions |
DE102007001515B4 (de) * | 2007-01-10 | 2009-10-29 | Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ventils mit mindestens einem Flügel, sowie danach hergestelltes Ventil |
CN102120293A (zh) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-13 | 江苏森威集团有限责任公司 | 一种电枢轴的精密锻造加工方法 |
CN102357552A (zh) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-02-22 | 南京通用电器有限公司 | 传动轴压方及制造传动轴的方法 |
WO2016103316A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 熱間据込み鍛造用の素材形状 |
CN105903871A (zh) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州市东盛锻造有限公司 | 羊头的锻造方法 |
CN105750840A (zh) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-07-13 | 苏州市东盛锻造有限公司 | 三通锻件的锻造方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1408570A (fr) * | 1964-09-22 | 1965-08-13 | Hasenclever Ag Maschf | Presse électrique à refouler pour pièces brutes en forme de tiges chauffées par effet joule |
US3399290A (en) * | 1965-07-23 | 1968-08-27 | Gen Motors Corp | Iridium heading process |
JPS59130641A (ja) * | 1983-01-15 | 1984-07-27 | Akira Yusa | 端部に膨大部を有する金属棒の製造方法及び装置 |
DE3474524D1 (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1988-11-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and apparatus for increasing thickness of tubular member |
DE19746235A1 (de) * | 1996-11-02 | 1998-05-07 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Tellerventiles |
-
1999
- 1999-04-16 EP EP99810319A patent/EP1046440A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-04-12 AU AU35487/00A patent/AU3548700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-12 EP EP00914010A patent/EP1171252B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-12 AT AT00914010T patent/ATE253422T1/de active
- 2000-04-12 WO PCT/CH2000/000212 patent/WO2000062956A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-12 DE DE50004335T patent/DE50004335D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009009982A1 (de) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | Unikassel Transfer Gmbh Metakus - Anwendungszentrum Metallformgebung | Verfahren zur Herstellung innen- und außenprofilierter Werkstücke |
CN102554584A (zh) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-07-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于制造具有大的轴承支承部位的丝杠的方法 |
CN102554584B (zh) * | 2010-12-01 | 2016-06-15 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于制造具有大的轴承支承部位的丝杠的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000062956A1 (de) | 2000-10-26 |
ATE253422T1 (de) | 2003-11-15 |
DE50004335D1 (de) | 2003-12-11 |
EP1171252A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 |
AU3548700A (en) | 2000-11-02 |
EP1046440A1 (de) | 2000-10-25 |
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