EP1164251A1 - Rotor blade locking means - Google Patents

Rotor blade locking means Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1164251A1
EP1164251A1 EP01401535A EP01401535A EP1164251A1 EP 1164251 A1 EP1164251 A1 EP 1164251A1 EP 01401535 A EP01401535 A EP 01401535A EP 01401535 A EP01401535 A EP 01401535A EP 1164251 A1 EP1164251 A1 EP 1164251A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
locking element
screw
blades
locking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01401535A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1164251B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Yvon Goga Jean-Luc
Naudet Jacky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA Moteurs SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA Moteurs SA filed Critical SNECMA Moteurs SA
Publication of EP1164251A1 publication Critical patent/EP1164251A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1164251B1 publication Critical patent/EP1164251B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/32—Locking, e.g. by final locking blades or keys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3023—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses
    • F01D5/303—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses in a circumferential slot
    • F01D5/3038—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses in a circumferential slot the slot having inwardly directed abutment faces on both sides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for blocking blades in the peripheral groove of a turbomachine disk, said blades with hammer-type feet likely to be introduced into said groove through a loading window and held in said groove by form cooperation with the side walls of the latter, said blocking device being capable of being introduced in said groove through said loading window and comprising a locking element capable of being reassembled in a housing latch formed in the side walls of said groove under the action a radial operating screw whose head is supported on the bottom of the groove.
  • the screw head which is wider than the barrel is housed in an imprint made in the bottom of the groove to the right of the housing corresponding lock. Because the screw head is wider than the barrel, the screw is made captive.
  • the locking element consists of a protrusion formed on the upper face of a body which in the locked position of the device is resting against the side walls of the groove in the vicinity of the groove of the groove. This body has a lower base which, in the position of locking device, is away from the screw head, to allow the sliding of said body in the groove during assembly of the blades. Indeed to allow this sliding, the protrusion formed on the body must be in the groove, the base of the body is then in support on the screw head and located near the bottom of the groove.
  • the one-piece piece formed by the body and its protrusion does not include positive guiding means during sliding in the groove during assembly.
  • the screw head can therefore be poorly positioned in its imprint during tightening, which may result in a subsequent displacement of the screw head during the operation of the turbomachine and by a loss of the bracing effect. Tightening the incorrectly positioned screw can also lead to seizure of the thread, which can maintain the protuberance in the latch housing, but which subsequently causes difficulties in dismantling the device during maintenance operations.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a device for locking of the type mentioned in the preamble which, in operating mode of the turbomachine, cannot loosen and which prevents the seizure of the screw during assembly.
  • the invention achieves its object by the fact that the element of locking device is axially sliding in a radial opening of a body having a section adapted to the section of the groove and by the causes the screw head to be trapped between the bottom of the groove and the base of the body.
  • the body is guided when it slides in the groove, which ensures a precise radial direction of the axis of the screw and prevents seizures.
  • the screw head is radially immobilized with respect to the body, and the action of centrifugal forces on the element of locking, in the event of partial loosening of the screw, prevents it from turn, because the screw head is then in positive support against the base from the body.
  • the proposed device is characterized by the has a body arranged between the feet of a pair of blades and having a section adapted to the section of said groove, said body having a lower base located above the bottom of the groove and a through radial opening of non-circular cross section in which the locking element is slidably mounted under the action of the operating screw, and by the fact that the screw head is dimensioned so as to remain trapped between the bottom of the groove and the base of the body.
  • the device also comprises means for limit the rise of the locking element.
  • the means to limit the rise of the element of interlocking have cooperating abutment surfaces formed in correspondence on the locking element and the body.
  • the locking element can be retracted into the body. This guarantees the sliding of the device in the groove during assembly.
  • Figure 3 shows in section a wheel disc 1 of turbomachine which has at its periphery a groove 2 intended for maintain the feet of blades with hammer attachment type.
  • This groove 2 delimited by side walls 3a and 3b of curvilinear section, opens outwards by a groove 4 which has a dimension, in the direction of the axis of rotation of the wheel, less than the dimension of the cavity 5 formed in the bottom of groove 2.
  • the feet of the blades have a section according to the plan radial passing through the axis of rotation of the disc 1 adapted to the section of the groove 2 in order to be held there by form cooperation.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of part of the disc 1.
  • the side walls 3a and 3b have opposite a first pair of radial notches 6a and 6b which constitute a loading window, allowing the introduction feet 7 of the blades 8 in the groove 2 during the mounting of these blades 8, as well as a second pair of radial notches 9a, 9b which constitute a housing for the lock of a device for locking vanes object of the invention.
  • the second pair of notches 9a, 9b is angularly offset from the first pair of notches 6a, 6b by a distance equal to the angle formed by two consecutive blades or at a multiple of this angle.
  • the same wheel disc 1 can include several locking devices according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same disc part 1 fitted with its blades 8.
  • Each blade 8 has, between its foot 7 and its part aerodynamics 10, a platform 11 which covers the periphery of the disc 1, all of the platforms 11 of the vanes 8 delimiting internally the gas flow vein.
  • each blade 8 is successively introduced in groove 2 through the window formed by the first pair notches 6a, 6b and the blade 8 is made to slide in the direction of the arrow F until its platform 11 abuts against the platform of the dawn previously introduced.
  • vanes 8 are identical except for the penultimate climb, referenced 8a, and the last climb, referenced 8b, which have on the adjacent edges of their platforms 11a and 11b notches 12a and 12b which constitute an orifice 13 whose function will be explained later in this brief.
  • the blocking device 14 shown in perspective is introduced in Figure 4 through the loading window in the groove 2, then we position the foot 7 of the last dawn 8b in the loading window between the last dawn on 8a and the first dawn on and we do slide the assembly of all the vanes 8 in the direction of the arrow F, an angle corresponding to the half measure of the angle between two blades consecutively, so that platforms 11 and 11b of the first blade up and the last blade 8b joined according to the median plane of the loading window constituted by the first pair of notches 6a and 6b. In this position, the blocking 14 disposed between the feet 7 of the vanes 8a and 8b is located opposite of the second pair of notches 9a and 9b.
  • the notches 9a and 9b have axial dimensions and peripheral lower than those of the notches 6a and 6b of the window loading the vanes 8, to prevent the vanes from escaping 8 when they pass in front of these notches 9a and 9b.
  • the blocking 14 consists of three parts, namely a body 15, shown in detail in Figures 5 to 7, a locking element 16, shown in detail in FIGS. 8 to 10 and an operating screw 17 visible in FIG. 11.
  • the body 15 has a section along a radial plane passing through the axis of rotation of the disc 1, substantially equal to that of a foot 7 of the blade 8, except that this body 15 has a lower base 20 located at little distance from the bottom of the groove 2 and which delimits with this bottom a sufficient space 21 to accommodate the head of the screw 17, so that the screw 17 is practically immobilized radially with respect to the body 15, as well as this is explained later in this brief.
  • the body 15 is thus held in groove 2 by form cooperation with the walls lateral 3a and 3b of groove 2 and is perfectly guided during its sliding in the groove 2.
  • the body 15 has an orifice radial through 22, of non-circular cross section, generally rectangular, in which the locking element slides.
  • the locking element 16 has a substantially equal section to the section of the radial through hole 22. Its height is substantially equal to the height of the body 15, and preferably this height is slightly less than the height of the body 15, so that in the position lowered, shown in Figure 4, the locking element 16 is completely retracted into the radial orifice 22 of the body 15. This position lowered corresponds to the position of assembly or disassembly of the blades 8.
  • the locking element 16 also has a radial thread 30 equipped with a thread 31 intended to cooperate with the thread of the barrel 40 of the operating screw 17. On the sides of the locking element 16, located facing the windows 22a and 22b of the body 15, are formed stops side 32a and 32b which slide respectively in the windows 22a and 22b.
  • the operating screw 17 has a large screw head 41 dimension which accommodates in the space 21 delimited by the base 20 of the body 15 and the bottom of the groove 2.
  • the diameter of this head 41 is such that its face upper 42 can be in abutment against the base 20 of the body 15.
  • the end 43 of the operating screw 17 opposite the screw head 41 is housed in the orifice 13 formed by the notches 12a and 12b of the platforms 11a and 11b. This end 43 is provided with means cooperating with a key tightening, a hexagon key or an Allen key for example.
  • the locking device 14 Before mounting the locking device 14 in the groove 2, first screwing the operating screw on the locking element 16 by the underside of the latter, then we mount the assembly in the orifice passing through radial 22 of the body 15 through the base 20, so that the base 20 is in abutment against the upper face 42 of the screw head 41, and in such a way that the locking element 16 completely accommodates in the radial through hole 22.
  • the locking device 14 By retaining the operating screw 17 by its end 43, the locking device 14 can be mounted in the groove 2 through the blade loading window 8.
  • the operating screw 17 is pivoted by means of a screwing tool cooperating with the end 43, in order to reassemble the locking element 16 partially in the housing lock formed by the notches 9a and 9b, until the faces upper stops 32a and 32b of the locking element 16 are resting on the upper faces 23a and 23b of the windows 22a and 22b of the body 15.
  • the screw head is in contact with the bottom of the groove 2 and the body 15 is supported on the side walls 3a and 3b of groove 2.
  • the locking element 16 can come out of its lock housing, it would require a significant rotation of the screw to drive the locking element in the radial transverse orifice 22, then that it is naturally pushed outward by centrifugal forces.
  • the invention thus ensures a secure blocking of the blades 8 on the disc 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

The fixing for turbine blades with hammer shaped roots set in a turbine disc groove (2) and inserted through a loading aperture has a body (15) located between the roots of two adjacent blades and with its base (20) located over the bottom of the groove. The body of the fixing has a transverse radial aperture of non-circular section for a locking element (16) adjusted and fixed in place by a screw (17), the head of which is held between the base of the body and the bottom of the groove.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de blocage des aubes dans la rainure périphérique d'un disque de turbomachine, lesdites aubes comportant des pieds de type attache marteau susceptibles d'être introduits dans ladite rainure par une fenêtre de chargement et maintenus dans ladite rainure par coopération de forme avec les parois latérales de cette dernière, ledit dispositif de blocage étant susceptible d'être introduit dans ladite rainure par ladite fenêtre de chargement et comportant un élément de verrouillage susceptible d'être remonté dans un logement de verrou ménagé dans les parois latérales de ladite rainure sous l'action d'une vis de manoeuvre radiale dont la tête est en appui sur le fond de la rainure.The invention relates to a device for blocking blades in the peripheral groove of a turbomachine disk, said blades with hammer-type feet likely to be introduced into said groove through a loading window and held in said groove by form cooperation with the side walls of the latter, said blocking device being capable of being introduced in said groove through said loading window and comprising a locking element capable of being reassembled in a housing latch formed in the side walls of said groove under the action a radial operating screw whose head is supported on the bottom of the groove.

Il peut être prévu plusieurs dispositifs de verrouillage de ce type par étage. En général, la tête de vis qui est plus large que le fût loge dans une empreinte ménagée dans le fond de la rainure au droit du logement de verrou correspondant. Du fait que la tête de vis est plus large que le fût, la vis est rendue imperdable. Dans les constructions actuelles, l'élément de verrouillage est constitué d'une excroissance formée sur la face supérieure d'un corps qui en position de verrouillage du dispositif est en appui contre les parois latérales de la rainure au voisinage de la gorge de la rainure. Ce corps présente une embase inférieure qui, en position de verrouillage du dispositif, est éloignée de la tête de vis, afin de permettre le coulissement dudit corps dans la rainure au cours du montage des aubes. En effet pour permettre ce coulissement, l'excroissance formée sur le corps doit se trouver dans la rainure, l'embase du corps est alors en appui sur la tête de vis et située au voisinage du fond de la rainure.Several such locking devices can be provided. per floor. In general, the screw head which is wider than the barrel is housed in an imprint made in the bottom of the groove to the right of the housing corresponding lock. Because the screw head is wider than the barrel, the screw is made captive. In current constructions, the locking element consists of a protrusion formed on the upper face of a body which in the locked position of the device is resting against the side walls of the groove in the vicinity of the groove of the groove. This body has a lower base which, in the position of locking device, is away from the screw head, to allow the sliding of said body in the groove during assembly of the blades. Indeed to allow this sliding, the protrusion formed on the body must be in the groove, the base of the body is then in support on the screw head and located near the bottom of the groove.

Lorsque le dispositif est positionné en regard du logement de verrou, en faisant pivoter l'ensemble des aubes autour du disque, on remonte le corps vers l'extérieur en actionnant la vis de manoeuvre au moyen d'une clef s'adaptant sur l'extrémité de la vis opposée à la tête et positionnée dans un orifice ménagé dans les plates-formes des deux aubes adjacentes. Le maintien de l'excroissance dans le logement de verrou s'effectue par arc-boutement entre, d'une part, le corps de verrou en appui dans la gorge du disque et, d'autre part, la tête de vis logée dans une empreinte effectuée au fond de la rainure. Le système fonctionne selon le type vis/écrou et est freiné soit par une déformation locale, soit par un filet rapporté, soit par tout autre moyen. When the device is positioned opposite the housing lock, by rotating all the blades around the disc, we raise the body outwards by actuating the operating screw at by means of a key fitting on the end of the screw opposite the head and positioned in an opening in the platforms of the two adjacent blades. Maintaining the growth in the housing of lock is made by bracing between, on the one hand, the lock body resting in the groove of the disc and, on the other hand, the screw head housed in an impression made at the bottom of the groove. The system works depending on the screw / nut type and is braked either by local deformation or by an attached net, or by any other means.

Si l'on perd l'effet d'arc-boutement, seul l'auto-frein retient la vis et empêche l'excroissance de s'échapper du logement de verrou.If you lose the bracing effect, only the auto-brake retains the screw and prevents the protrusion from escaping from the latch housing.

Par construction, la pièce monobloc constituée par le corps et son excroissance ne comporte pas de moyens de guidage positifs lors de son coulissement dans la rainure pendant le montage. La tête de vis peut donc être mal positionnée dans son empreinte au cours du serrage, ce qui peut se traduire par un déplacement ultérieur de la tête de vis au cours du fonctionnement de la turbomachine et par une perte de l'effet d'arc-boutement. Le serrage de la vis mal positionnée peut également entraíner un grippage du filetage, ce qui peut assurer un maintien de l'excroissance dans le logement de verrou, mais ce qui provoque ultérieurement des difficultés pour démonter le dispositif lors des opérations de maintenance.By construction, the one-piece piece formed by the body and its protrusion does not include positive guiding means during sliding in the groove during assembly. The screw head can therefore be poorly positioned in its imprint during tightening, which may result in a subsequent displacement of the screw head during the operation of the turbomachine and by a loss of the bracing effect. Tightening the incorrectly positioned screw can also lead to seizure of the thread, which can maintain the protuberance in the latch housing, but which subsequently causes difficulties in dismantling the device during maintenance operations.

En outre, lorsque la turbomachine est en fonctionnement, la vis est soumise à des forces centrifuges considérables, qui, si l'effet d'arc-boutement est perdu, peuvent entraíner une rotation de la vis qui sort alors dans la veine de gaz, ce qui, à la longue, peut libérer l'excroissance du logement de verrou lors de l'arrêt de la turbomachine.In addition, when the turbomachine is in operation, the screw is subject to considerable centrifugal forces, which, if the bracing effect is lost, can cause a rotation of the screw that comes out then in the gas stream, which in the long run can release the growth of the lock housing when the turbomachine stops.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif de verrouillage du type mentionné dans le préambule qui, en mode de fonctionnement de la turbomachine, ne puisse se desserrer et qui évite le grippage de la vis au cours du montage.The object of the invention is to propose a device for locking of the type mentioned in the preamble which, in operating mode of the turbomachine, cannot loosen and which prevents the seizure of the screw during assembly.

L'invention atteint son but par le fait que l'élément de verrouillage est monté axialement coulissant dans une ouverture radiale d'un corps ayant une section adaptée à la section de la rainure et par le fait que la tête de la vis est emprisonnée entre le fond de la rainure et l'embase du corps.The invention achieves its object by the fact that the element of locking device is axially sliding in a radial opening of a body having a section adapted to the section of the groove and by the causes the screw head to be trapped between the bottom of the groove and the base of the body.

Ainsi, le corps est guidé lors de son coulissement dans la rainure, ce qui assure une direction radiale précise de l'axe de la vis et évite les grippages. En outre, la tête de vis est radialement immobilisée par rapport au corps, et l'action des forces centrifuges sur l'élément de verrouillage, en cas de desserrage partiel de la vis, empêche celle-ci de tourner, du fait que la tête de vis est alors en appui positif contre l'embase du corps.Thus, the body is guided when it slides in the groove, which ensures a precise radial direction of the axis of the screw and prevents seizures. In addition, the screw head is radially immobilized with respect to the body, and the action of centrifugal forces on the element of locking, in the event of partial loosening of the screw, prevents it from turn, because the screw head is then in positive support against the base from the body.

Plus précisément, le dispositif proposé est caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un corps disposé entre les pieds d'une paire d'aubes et ayant une section adaptée à la section de ladite rainure, ledit corps comportant une embase inférieure située au-dessus du fond de la rainure et une ouverture radiale traversante de section non circulaire dans laquelle l'élément de verrouillage est monté coulissant sous l'action de la vis de manoeuvre, et par le fait que la tête de vis est dimensionnée de manière à rester emprisonnée entre le fond de la rainure et l'embase du corps.More specifically, the proposed device is characterized by the has a body arranged between the feet of a pair of blades and having a section adapted to the section of said groove, said body having a lower base located above the bottom of the groove and a through radial opening of non-circular cross section in which the locking element is slidably mounted under the action of the operating screw, and by the fact that the screw head is dimensioned so as to remain trapped between the bottom of the groove and the base of the body.

De préférence, le dispositif comporte en outre des moyens pour limiter la remontée de l'élément de verrouillage.Preferably, the device also comprises means for limit the rise of the locking element.

Les moyens pour limiter la remontée de l'élément de verrouillage comportent des surfaces de butée coopérantes formées en correspondance sur l'élément de verrouillage et le corps.The means to limit the rise of the element of interlocking have cooperating abutment surfaces formed in correspondence on the locking element and the body.

Avantageusement, l'élément de verrouillage peut être escamoté dans le corps. Ceci garantit le coulissement du dispositif dans la rainure lors du montage.Advantageously, the locking element can be retracted into the body. This guarantees the sliding of the device in the groove during assembly.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif et en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'une partie de disque de roue non équipée d'aubes ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'une partie de disque de roue équipée d'aubes à attache marteau immobilisées par un dispositif de verrouillage conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 2, selon un plan radial passant par l'axe de la turbomachine, les aubes n'étant pas représentées sur cette figure par souci de clarté ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective du dispositif de verrouillage selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus du corps du dispositif de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 6 est une coupe, selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5, du corps du dispositif de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 7 est une coupe, selon la ligne VII-VII de la figure 5, du corps du dispositif de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue de dessus de l'élément de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 9 est une coupe, selon la ligne IX-IX de la figure 8, de l'élément de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 10 est une coupe, selon la ligne X-X de la figure 8, de l'élément de verrouillage ; et
  • la figure 11 est une vue latérale de la vis de manoeuvre.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a top view of a wheel disc portion not equipped with blades;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of a wheel disc portion equipped with hammer attachment vanes immobilized by a locking device according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a section along line III-III of Figure 2, along a radial plane passing through the axis of the turbomachine, the blades not being shown in this figure for the sake of clarity;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the locking device according to the invention;
  • Figure 5 is a top view of the body of the locking device;
  • Figure 6 is a section along line VI-VI of Figure 5 of the body of the locking device;
  • Figure 7 is a section along line VII-VII of Figure 5, of the body of the locking device;
  • Figure 8 is a top view of the locking member;
  • Figure 9 is a section along the line IX-IX of Figure 8 of the locking member;
  • Figure 10 is a section along line XX of Figure 8 of the locking element; and
  • Figure 11 is a side view of the operating screw.

La figure 3 montre en coupe un disque 1 de roue de turbomachine qui comporte à sa périphérie une rainure 2 destinée à maintenir les pieds d'aubes de type à attache marteau. Cette rainure 2, délimitée par des parois latérales 3a et 3b de section curviligne, s'ouvre vers l'extérieur par une gorge 4 qui a une dimension, dans le sens de l'axe de rotation de la roue, inférieure à la dimension de la cavité 5 formée dans le fond de la rainure 2. Les pieds des aubes ont une section selon le plan radial passant par l'axe de rotation du disque 1 adaptée à la section de la rainure 2 afin d'y être maintenus par coopération de forme.Figure 3 shows in section a wheel disc 1 of turbomachine which has at its periphery a groove 2 intended for maintain the feet of blades with hammer attachment type. This groove 2, delimited by side walls 3a and 3b of curvilinear section, opens outwards by a groove 4 which has a dimension, in the direction of the axis of rotation of the wheel, less than the dimension of the cavity 5 formed in the bottom of groove 2. The feet of the blades have a section according to the plan radial passing through the axis of rotation of the disc 1 adapted to the section of the groove 2 in order to be held there by form cooperation.

La figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'une partie du disque 1. Comme on le voit sur cette figure 1, les parois latérales 3a et 3b comportent en vis-à-vis une première paire d'échancrures radiales 6a et 6b qui constituent une fenêtre de chargement, permettant l'introduction des pieds 7 des aubes 8 dans la rainure 2 lors du montage de ces aubes 8, ainsi qu'une deuxième paire d'échancrures radiales 9a, 9b qui constituent un logement pour le verrou d'un dispositif de verrouillage des aubes objet de l'invention. La deuxième paire d'échancrures 9a, 9b est décalée angulairement par rapport à la première paire d'échancrures 6a, 6b d'une distance égale à l'angle formé par deux aubes consécutives ou à un multiple de cet angle. Il est à noter que le même disque 1 de roue peut comporter plusieurs dispositifs de verrouillage conformes à l'invention.FIG. 1 is a top view of part of the disc 1. As seen in this figure 1, the side walls 3a and 3b have opposite a first pair of radial notches 6a and 6b which constitute a loading window, allowing the introduction feet 7 of the blades 8 in the groove 2 during the mounting of these blades 8, as well as a second pair of radial notches 9a, 9b which constitute a housing for the lock of a device for locking vanes object of the invention. The second pair of notches 9a, 9b is angularly offset from the first pair of notches 6a, 6b by a distance equal to the angle formed by two consecutive blades or at a multiple of this angle. Note that the same wheel disc 1 can include several locking devices according to the invention.

La figure 2 montre la même partie de disque 1 équipée de ses aubes 8. Chaque aube 8 comporte, entre son pied 7 et sa partie aérodynamique 10, une plate-forme 11 qui vient recouvrir la périphérie du disque 1, l'ensemble des plates-formes 11 des aubes 8 délimitant intérieurement la veine du flux gazeux.Figure 2 shows the same disc part 1 fitted with its blades 8. Each blade 8 has, between its foot 7 and its part aerodynamics 10, a platform 11 which covers the periphery of the disc 1, all of the platforms 11 of the vanes 8 delimiting internally the gas flow vein.

Pour le montage des aubes 8 sur le disque 1, on procède de la même manière. On introduit successivement le pied 7 de chaque aube 8 dans la rainure 2 par la fenêtre constituée par la première paire d'échancrures 6a, 6b et on fait coulisser l'aube 8 dans le sens de la flèche F jusqu'à ce que sa plate-forme 11 vienne buter contre la plate-forme de l'aube précédemment introduite.For mounting the blades 8 on the disc 1, the procedure is same way. The foot 7 of each blade 8 is successively introduced in groove 2 through the window formed by the first pair notches 6a, 6b and the blade 8 is made to slide in the direction of the arrow F until its platform 11 abuts against the platform of the dawn previously introduced.

Toutes les aubes 8 sont identiques à l'exception de l'avant-dernière montée, référencée 8a, et de la dernière montée, référencée 8b, qui présentent sur les bords adjacents de leurs plates-formes 11a et 11b des encoches 12a et 12b qui constituent un orifice 13 dont la fonction sera expliquée plus loin dans le présent mémoire.All the vanes 8 are identical except for the penultimate climb, referenced 8a, and the last climb, referenced 8b, which have on the adjacent edges of their platforms 11a and 11b notches 12a and 12b which constitute an orifice 13 whose function will be explained later in this brief.

Après l'introduction de l'avant-dernière aube 8a dans la rainure 2, on introduit le dispositif de blocage 14 montré en perspective sur la figure 4 par la fenêtre de chargement dans la rainure 2, puis on positionne le pied 7 de la dernière aube 8b dans la fenêtre de chargement entre la dernière aube montée 8a et la première aube montée et on fait coulisser l'ensemble de toutes les aubes 8 dans le sens de la flèche F, d'un angle correspondant à la demi mesure de l'angle entre deux aubes consécutives, de telle manière que les plates-formes 11 et 11b de la première aube montée et de la dernière aube montée 8b soient jointives selon le plan médian de la fenêtre de chargement constituée par la première paire d'échancrures 6a et 6b. Dans cette position, le dispositif de blocage 14 disposé ente les pieds 7 des aubes 8a et 8b se trouve en face de la deuxième paire d'échancrures 9a et 9b.After the introduction of the penultimate dawn 8a in the groove 2, the blocking device 14 shown in perspective is introduced in Figure 4 through the loading window in the groove 2, then we position the foot 7 of the last dawn 8b in the loading window between the last dawn on 8a and the first dawn on and we do slide the assembly of all the vanes 8 in the direction of the arrow F, an angle corresponding to the half measure of the angle between two blades consecutively, so that platforms 11 and 11b of the first blade up and the last blade 8b joined according to the median plane of the loading window constituted by the first pair of notches 6a and 6b. In this position, the blocking 14 disposed between the feet 7 of the vanes 8a and 8b is located opposite of the second pair of notches 9a and 9b.

Les échancrures 9a et 9b ont des dimensions axiale et périphérique inférieures à celles des échancrures 6a et 6b de la fenêtre de chargement des aubes 8, pour éviter l'échappement des aubes 8 lorsqu'elles passent devant ces échancrures 9a et 9b.The notches 9a and 9b have axial dimensions and peripheral lower than those of the notches 6a and 6b of the window loading the vanes 8, to prevent the vanes from escaping 8 when they pass in front of these notches 9a and 9b.

Ainsi que cela est montré sur les figures 3 et 4, le dispositif de blocage 14 est constitué de trois pièces, à savoir un corps 15, montré en détail sur les figures 5 à 7, un élément de verrouillage 16, montré en détail sur les figures 8 à 10 et une vis de manoeuvre 17 visible sur la figure 11.As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the blocking 14 consists of three parts, namely a body 15, shown in detail in Figures 5 to 7, a locking element 16, shown in detail in FIGS. 8 to 10 and an operating screw 17 visible in FIG. 11.

Le corps 15 a une section selon un plan radial passant par l'axe de rotation du disque 1, sensiblement égale à celle d'un pied 7 d'aube 8, si ce n'est que ce corps 15 présente une embase inférieure 20 située à peu de distance du fond de la rainure 2 et qui délimite avec ce fond un espace 21 suffisant pour loger la tête de la vis 17, afin que la vis 17 soit pratiquement immobilisée radialement par rapport au corps 15, ainsi que cela est expliqué plus loin dans le présent mémoire. Le corps 15 est ainsi maintenu dans la rainure 2 par coopération de forme avec les parois latérales 3a et 3b de la rainure 2 et est parfaitement guidé au cours de son coulissement dans la rainure 2. Le corps 15 comporte un orifice traversant radial 22, de section non circulaire, globalement rectangulaire, dans lequel coulisse l'élément de verrouillage 16.The body 15 has a section along a radial plane passing through the axis of rotation of the disc 1, substantially equal to that of a foot 7 of the blade 8, except that this body 15 has a lower base 20 located at little distance from the bottom of the groove 2 and which delimits with this bottom a sufficient space 21 to accommodate the head of the screw 17, so that the screw 17 is practically immobilized radially with respect to the body 15, as well as this is explained later in this brief. The body 15 is thus held in groove 2 by form cooperation with the walls lateral 3a and 3b of groove 2 and is perfectly guided during its sliding in the groove 2. The body 15 has an orifice radial through 22, of non-circular cross section, generally rectangular, in which the locking element slides.

Les parois du corps 15, situées en regard des pieds 7 des aubes adjacentes 8a et 8b, comportent chacune une fenêtre respectivement 22a, 22b, ouverte du côté de l'embase 20, et dont les parois supérieures 23a, 23b servent à limiter le débattement vertical de l'élément de verrouillage 16 dans l'orifice traversant radial 22.The walls of the body 15, located opposite the feet 7 of the adjacent blades 8a and 8b, each have a window respectively 22a, 22b, open on the side of the base 20, and the walls of which 23a, 23b serve to limit the vertical movement of the element locking device 16 in the radial through-hole 22.

L'élément de verrouillage 16 a une section sensiblement égale à la section de l'orifice traversant radial 22. Sa hauteur est sensiblement égale à la hauteur du corps 15, et de préférence cette hauteur est légèrement inférieure à la hauteur du corps 15, afin que, dans la position baissée, montrée sur la figure 4, l'élément de verrouillage 16 soit totalement escamoté dans l'orifice radial 22 du corps 15. Cette position baissée correspond à la position de montage ou de démontage des aubes 8. L'élément de verrouillage 16 présente en outre un taraudage radial 30 équipé d'un filetage 31 destiné à coopérer avec le filetage du fût 40 de la vis de manoeuvre 17. Sur les flancs de l'élément de verrouillage 16, situés en regard des fenêtres 22a et 22b du corps 15, sont formées des butées latérales 32a et 32b qui coulissent respectivement dans les fenêtres 22a et 22b. Lorsque les faces supérieures des butées 32a et 32b sont en appui contre les parois supérieures 23a et 23b des fenêtres 22a et 22b, ainsi que cela est visible sur la figure 3, la partie supérieure de l'élément de verrouillage 16 émerge au-dessus du corps 15 et loge en partie dans les deuxièmes échancrures 9a et 9b. Dans cette position le corps 15 est immobilisé dans la rainure 2, ce qui bloque l'ensemble des aubes 8.The locking element 16 has a substantially equal section to the section of the radial through hole 22. Its height is substantially equal to the height of the body 15, and preferably this height is slightly less than the height of the body 15, so that in the position lowered, shown in Figure 4, the locking element 16 is completely retracted into the radial orifice 22 of the body 15. This position lowered corresponds to the position of assembly or disassembly of the blades 8. The locking element 16 also has a radial thread 30 equipped with a thread 31 intended to cooperate with the thread of the barrel 40 of the operating screw 17. On the sides of the locking element 16, located facing the windows 22a and 22b of the body 15, are formed stops side 32a and 32b which slide respectively in the windows 22a and 22b. When the upper faces of the stops 32a and 32b are in support against the upper walls 23a and 23b of the windows 22a and 22b, as can be seen in figure 3, the upper part of the element locking device 16 emerges above the body 15 and partly accommodates in the second notches 9a and 9b. In this position the body 15 is immobilized in the groove 2, which blocks all of the blades 8.

La vis de manoeuvre 17 comporte une tête de vis 41 de grande dimension qui loge dans l'espace 21 délimité par l'embase 20 du corps 15 et le fond de la rainure 2. Le diamètre de cette tête 41 est tel que sa face supérieure 42 peut être en appui contre l'embase 20 du corps 15. L'extrémité 43 de la vis de manoeuvre 17 opposée à la tête de vis 41 loge dans l'orifice 13 formé par les encoches 12a et 12b des plates-formes 11a et 11b. Cette extrémité 43 est munie de moyens coopérant avec une clef de serrage, une clef à six pans ou une clef "Allen" par exemple. The operating screw 17 has a large screw head 41 dimension which accommodates in the space 21 delimited by the base 20 of the body 15 and the bottom of the groove 2. The diameter of this head 41 is such that its face upper 42 can be in abutment against the base 20 of the body 15. The end 43 of the operating screw 17 opposite the screw head 41 is housed in the orifice 13 formed by the notches 12a and 12b of the platforms 11a and 11b. This end 43 is provided with means cooperating with a key tightening, a hexagon key or an Allen key for example.

Avant de monter le dispositif de blocage 14 dans la rainure 2, on visse d'abord la vis de manoeuvre sur l'élément de verrouillage 16 par la face inférieure de cette dernière, puis on monte l'ensemble dans l'orifice traversant radial 22 du corps 15 par l'embase 20, de telle manière que l'embase 20 soit en appui contre la face supérieure 42 de la tête de vis 41, et de telle manière que l'élément de verrouillage 16 loge totalement dans l'orifice traversant radial 22. En retenant la vis de manoeuvre 17 par son extrémité 43, on peut monter le dispositif de blocage 14 dans la rainure 2 par la fenêtre de chargement des aubes 8.Before mounting the locking device 14 in the groove 2, first screwing the operating screw on the locking element 16 by the underside of the latter, then we mount the assembly in the orifice passing through radial 22 of the body 15 through the base 20, so that the base 20 is in abutment against the upper face 42 of the screw head 41, and in such a way that the locking element 16 completely accommodates in the radial through hole 22. By retaining the operating screw 17 by its end 43, the locking device 14 can be mounted in the groove 2 through the blade loading window 8.

Lorsque toutes les aubes 8 sont montées et que l'on a fait coulisser l'ensemble pour que le dispositif de blocage 14 se trouve en regard des échancrures 9a et 9b, on fait pivoter la vis de manoeuvre 17 au moyen d'un outil de vissage coopérant avec l'extrémité 43, afin de remonter l'élément de verrouillage 16 en partie dans le logement de verrou constitué par les échancrures 9a et 9b, jusqu'à ce que les faces supérieures des butées 32a et 32b de l'élément de verrouillage 16 soient en appui sur les faces supérieures 23a et 23b des fenêtres 22a et 22b du corps 15. Dans cette position finale, la tête de vis est en appui sur le fond de la rainure 2 et le corps 15 est en appui sur les parois latérales 3a et 3b de la rainure 2.When all the vanes 8 are fitted and we have done slide the assembly so that the locking device 14 is in look of the notches 9a and 9b, the operating screw 17 is pivoted by means of a screwing tool cooperating with the end 43, in order to reassemble the locking element 16 partially in the housing lock formed by the notches 9a and 9b, until the faces upper stops 32a and 32b of the locking element 16 are resting on the upper faces 23a and 23b of the windows 22a and 22b of the body 15. In this final position, the screw head is in contact with the bottom of the groove 2 and the body 15 is supported on the side walls 3a and 3b of groove 2.

Si par hasard, la vis tourne légèrement dans l'autre sens, au cours du fonctionnement de la turbomachine, l'effet d'arc-boutement créé à l'origine disparaít, il y une perte des appuis entre les butées 32a, 32b de l'élément de verrouillage 16 et les faces supérieures 23a, 23b des fenêtres 22a, 22b du corps 15, mais alors, la masse de l'élément de verrouillage 16, soumise en fonctionnement aux forces centrifuges charge la vis de manoeuvre 17, et la face supérieure 42 de la tête de vis 41 vient en appui sur l'embase 20 du corps 15, à une distance appréciable de l'axe de la vis de manoeuvre 17, ce qui s'oppose à une rotation supplémentaire de la vis de manoeuvre 17.If by chance the screw turns slightly in the other direction, at during the operation of the turbomachine, the bracing effect created originally disappears, there is a loss of support between the stops 32a, 32b of the locking element 16 and the upper faces 23a, 23b of the windows 22a, 22b of the body 15, but then, the mass of the element of lock 16, subjected in operation to centrifugal forces load the operating screw 17, and the upper face 42 of the screw head 41 comes resting on the base 20 of the body 15, at a considerable distance from the axis of the operating screw 17, which prevents additional rotation of the operating screw 17.

Pour que l'élément de verrouillage 16 puisse sortir de son logement de verrou, il faudrait une rotation appréciable de la vis pour entraíner l'élément de verrouillage dans l'orifice transversal radial 22, alors qu'il est naturellement repoussé vers l'extérieur par les forces centrifuges. So that the locking element 16 can come out of its lock housing, it would require a significant rotation of the screw to drive the locking element in the radial transverse orifice 22, then that it is naturally pushed outward by centrifugal forces.

A l'inverse, un arc-boutement trop important produit un gros effort sous la tête de vis qui a tendance à provoquer un desserrement de la vis dans le champ centrifuge.Conversely, too much bracing produces a large effort under the screw head which tends to cause loosening of the screw in the centrifugal field.

Ainsi, grâce à l'invention soit on charge la vis 17 par l'élément de verrouillage 16, si elle est légèrement desserrée, soit on a tendance à la desserrer, si l'arc-boutement d'origine est trop élevé, grâce aux forces centrifuges.Thus, thanks to the invention either the screw 17 is loaded by the element lock 16, if it is slightly loose, or we tend to loosen it, if the original bracing is too high, thanks to the forces centrifugal.

L'invention assure ainsi un blocage sûr des aubes 8 sur le disque 1.The invention thus ensures a secure blocking of the blades 8 on the disc 1.

Claims (4)

Dispositif de blocage des aubes (8) dans la rainure périphérique (2) d'un disque (1) de turbomachine, lesdites aubes comportant des pieds (7) de type attache marteau susceptibles d'être introduits dans ladite rainure (2) par une fenêtre de chargement (6a, 6b) et maintenus dans ladite rainure (2) par coopération de forme avec les parois latérales (3a, 3b) de cette dernière, ledit dispositif de blocage étant susceptible d'être introduit dans ladite rainure (2) par ladite fenêtre de chargement (6a, 6b) et comportant un élément de verrouillage (16) susceptible d'être remonté dans un logement de verrou (9a, 9b) ménagé dans les parois latérales (3a, 3b) de ladite rainure (2) sous l'action d'une vis de manoeuvre (17) radiale dont la tête (41) est en appui sur le fond de la rainure (2),
   caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte en outre un corps (15) disposé entre les pieds (7) d'une paire d'aubes (8a, 8b) et ayant une section adaptée à la section de ladite rainure (2), ledit corps (15) comportant une embase inférieure (20) située au-dessus du fond de la rainure (2) et une ouverture radiale traversante (22) de section non circulaire dans laquelle l'élément de verrouillage (16) est monté coulissant sous l'action de la vis de manoeuvre (17), et par le fait que la tête de vis (41) est dimensionnée de manière à rester emprisonnée entre le fond de la rainure (2) et l'embase (20) du corps (15).Device for blocking the blades (8) in the peripheral groove (2) of a turbomachine disk (1), said blades comprising feet (7) of the hammer attachment type capable of being introduced into said groove (2) by a loading window (6a, 6b) and held in said groove (2) by form cooperation with the side walls (3a, 3b) of the latter, said locking device being capable of being introduced into said groove (2) by said loading window (6a, 6b) and comprising a locking element (16) capable of being reassembled in a lock housing (9a, 9b) formed in the side walls (3a, 3b) of said groove (2) under the action of a radial operating screw (17), the head (41) of which rests on the bottom of the groove (2),
characterized by the fact that it further comprises a body (15) disposed between the feet (7) of a pair of blades (8a, 8b) and having a section adapted to the section of said groove (2), said body (15) comprising a lower base (20) located above the bottom of the groove (2) and a through radial opening (22) of non-circular section in which the locking element (16) is slidably mounted under the action of the operating screw (17), and by the fact that the screw head (41) is dimensioned so as to remain trapped between the bottom of the groove (2) and the base (20) of the body (15 ). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte en outre des moyens pour limiter la remontée de l'élément de verrouillage (16).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises means for limiting the ascent of the locking element (16). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens pour limiter la remontée de l'élément de verrouillage (16) comportent des surfaces de butée (23a, 23b ; 32a, 32b) coopérantes formées en correspondance sur l'élément de verrouillage (16) et le corps (15).Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for limiting the ascent of the locking element (16) comprise abutment surfaces (23a, 23b; 32a, 32b) cooperating formed in correspondence on the locking element (16) and the body (15). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément de verrouillage (16) peut être escamoté dans le corps (2).Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the locking element (16) can be retracted in the body (2).
EP01401535A 2000-06-15 2001-06-14 Rotor blade locking means Expired - Lifetime EP1164251B1 (en)

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FR0007610 2000-06-15
FR0007610A FR2810366B1 (en) 2000-06-15 2000-06-15 DEVICE FOR LOCKING BLADES WITH HAMMER FASTENERS ON A DISC

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EP1164251B1 EP1164251B1 (en) 2006-01-04

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JP (1) JP4043733B2 (en)
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DE (1) DE60116460T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2251446T3 (en)
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US2315631A (en) * 1942-02-14 1943-04-06 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Turbine blade locking apparatus
GB659592A (en) * 1948-09-17 1951-10-24 Sulzer Ag Improvements relating to rotors for turbines or axial flow compressors
US3088708A (en) * 1961-12-29 1963-05-07 Seymour J Feinberg Compressor blade locking device
US3216700A (en) * 1963-10-24 1965-11-09 Gen Electric Rotor blade locking means
DE2237348B1 (en) * 1972-07-29 1974-01-24 Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München DEVICE FOR SECURING THE BLADES OF FLOW MACHINERY
GB2156908A (en) * 1984-03-30 1985-10-16 Rolls Royce Bladed rotor assembly for gas turbine engine

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1321630A2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-06-25 Nuovo Pignone Holding S.P.A. System for connecting and locking rotor blades of an axial compressor
EP1321630A3 (en) * 2001-12-21 2005-01-12 Nuovo Pignone Holding S.P.A. System for connecting and locking rotor blades of an axial compressor
KR100779289B1 (en) 2001-12-21 2007-11-23 누보 피그노네 홀딩 에스피에이 System for connecting and locking rotor blades of an axial compressor
WO2012110735A1 (en) 2011-02-16 2012-08-23 Snecma Device for blocking vanes around a periphery, for a turbomachine, to be deployed radially by a rotational movement of a member of the device
FR2973066A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-28 Snecma Device for locking blade in groove of disk of turbomachine, has braking strips and screw head arranged so as to slow down rotation of screw in direction with respect to plate, where braking plate is interdependent of locking body
FR2973067A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-28 Snecma Device for locking blade in groove of disk of turboshaft engine, has braking plate immobilized axially relative to locking body and provided with finger including locking end that prevents screw head from approaching body
FR2973068A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-28 Snecma Device for locking blade in groove of disk of turboshaft engine, has lock body equipped with braking strips, where strips and tightening unit are arranged to stop rotation of screw along direction relative to lock body
WO2012131227A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-10-04 Snecma Device for locking blades in a groove of a turbomachine disc
CN103726885A (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-16 航空技术空间股份有限公司 Lock for drum blades in a circumferential rotor groove
CN103726885B (en) * 2012-10-12 2017-05-24 赛峰航空助推器股份有限公司 Lock for drum blades in a circumferential rotor groove
RU2633308C2 (en) * 2012-10-12 2017-10-11 Сафран Аэро Бустерс Са Drum blade lock in rotor circular groove
CN104481594A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-04-01 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 Locking device used for circumferential compressor annular dovetail-shaped blade root of gas compressor
EP3696380A1 (en) * 2019-02-04 2020-08-19 Rolls-Royce plc Adapter for positioning a machining tool between two aerofoils

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2349692C (en) 2009-01-13
FR2810366B1 (en) 2002-10-11
FR2810366A1 (en) 2001-12-21
EP1164251B1 (en) 2006-01-04
WO2001096711A1 (en) 2001-12-20
US20010055527A1 (en) 2001-12-27
UA57883C2 (en) 2003-07-15
JP4043733B2 (en) 2008-02-06
DE60116460T2 (en) 2006-09-07
DE60116460D1 (en) 2006-03-30
RU2222700C2 (en) 2004-01-27
CA2349692A1 (en) 2001-12-15
JP2002021504A (en) 2002-01-23
ES2251446T3 (en) 2006-05-01
US6464463B2 (en) 2002-10-15

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