EP1163686B1 - Electromagnet - Google Patents

Electromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1163686B1
EP1163686B1 EP01909656A EP01909656A EP1163686B1 EP 1163686 B1 EP1163686 B1 EP 1163686B1 EP 01909656 A EP01909656 A EP 01909656A EP 01909656 A EP01909656 A EP 01909656A EP 1163686 B1 EP1163686 B1 EP 1163686B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
side plates
yoke side
yoke
lamellae
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01909656A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1163686A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Leiber
Thomas Leiber
Dirk Dünkel
Frank KÄHNY
Ralf Hecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics AMP GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10002295A external-priority patent/DE10002295A1/en
Priority claimed from DE10039869A external-priority patent/DE10039869A1/en
Application filed by Tyco Electronics AMP GmbH filed Critical Tyco Electronics AMP GmbH
Publication of EP1163686A1 publication Critical patent/EP1163686A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1163686B1 publication Critical patent/EP1163686B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/02Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from sheets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081Magnetic constructions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/14Pivoting armatures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2105Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids comprising two or more coils
    • F01L2009/2109The armature being articulated perpendicularly to the coils axes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electromagnets with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Joches of magnetic circuits for electromagnets are bolted or obtained by beading in the sheets together a positive connection, by so-called stamped packetization. This is the usual technique, eg. B. for ignition transformers. Most of these yokes are also molded with plastic. This encapsulation serves the cohesion of the disk pack and to its isolation. Problematic the residual stress of thin sheets that resemble disc springs act and a dense composite in which each sheet without Game is in the composite, by bracing with Making screws very difficult.
  • the invention is based on the object, the yoke training to make a solenoid stiffer, to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is an electromagnetic actuator 1 for a valve actuation of an internal combustion engine.
  • the actuator 1 has two electromagnets 2 and 3 consisting of two-pole yokes 2a and 3a and one each Winding 2b and 3b.
  • the electromagnets 2 and 3 work with a lever 4 together, with an anchor tube 4a is connected.
  • This anchor tube 4a is about an axis. 5 pivoted.
  • a Torsion spring 6 is arranged in the form of a rotary tube, the is rigidly clamped at one end and with his other End is connected to the anchor tube 4a.
  • the torsion bar 6 generated in this embodiment, the on the lever 4 acting two spring forces.
  • the lever 4 carries a Anchor 7, which cooperates with the electromagnets 2 and 3 and generates the pivoting movement.
  • the right end 4b of the lever 4 acts on a shaft, not shown of the valve.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the yoke 2a of fins 2a 'and 2a' 'composed of magnetic material is.
  • the end plates 2a '' the yokes 2a and 3a are made thicker (e.g., 3mm) and as also shown in Figs. 3a and 3b (section X - X), also welded to the yoke side plates 8.
  • Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b is in each case one of the welded joints 8 'between the Jochendlamellen 2a' 'and the Yoke side plates 8 shown. This creates between the two yoke side plates and the end plates a cage, where the yoke side plates are fully on the Endlamellen rigidly support the large magnetic forces to catch the slats.
  • a Weld 8 '' between the yoke side plate 8 and the bearing plate 12 shown in a recess 8 '' ' is appropriate.
  • the bearing plate 12 directly with the yoke side plate 8 connected.
  • the Weld 8 '' also by a through-welding 12 '' replaced by the bearing plate 12 to the end plate 2a '' his. Both can also be used simultaneously.
  • the disk set before welding strongly compressed so that the lamellae close together lie. This can be done with a bracing device be effected, which will be described later.
  • Fig. 4 shows again the structure of the electromagnet of Fig. 1 with the laminated yoke 2a, with the thin Slats 2a 'and the thicker end plates 2a ", the winding 2b and the bearing plate 12.
  • the left side plate 8a at its upper end 8a ' is bent and is arranged outside the winding 2b.
  • a high bending stiffness is achieved. It is welded at least at the top with the slats.
  • the thick end plates used 2a "set a stiffening of the package; thin platelets would bulge because of the spring action of the disk pack and can not transfer the ones transferred to the yoke side plate absorb high magnetic forces.
  • the yoke side plates 8 and 8a with manufactured with a small length tolerance (eg ⁇ 20 [m]. This makes it possible the plate pack 2a without editing the end faces of the end plates 2a '' together and to weld to the bearing plate, wherein the weld preferably over a large length of the contact surface is made.
  • Fig. 6 shows a case where the yoke side plates 8 and 8a are butt welded to the bearing plate 12 (Welds 12 '' '). In addition, there may be a weld 12 '' between the thick end plate 2a '' and the bearing plate 12 done.
  • Fig. 7 the front view of a combination of two Actuators 40 and 41 shown behind a common Bearing plate 42 are located.
  • the actuator 41 corresponds the position of the actuator 1 in Fig. 1.
  • the actuator 40 is opposite the actuator 41; he is against it is rotated by 180 °, so that in Fig. 7, left at 41a the storage of the anchor tube and its connection to the Rotary tube 41b corresponding to the illustration of FIG. 2 is located and right at 40a the clamping of the rotary tube 40b in the bearing plate 42.
  • the rear and front bearing plate 42 are mounted on an actuator carrier 43.
  • the Valve actuations 44 corresponding to 4b, are correspondingly spatially offset the valve spacing in the cylinder head.
  • FIG. 7 now shows possible welds 45 and 46 between the common bearing plate 42 and the behind lying end lamellae of the four yokes.
  • the weld 47 would mapped according to the U-shape of the magnet, such as this is shown in the upper part of the actuator 41.
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment in which the yoke side plates to an embedding of the disk pack in one Sheath 48 are expanded by pouring or overmolding be made with metal or plastic can.
  • metal or plastic can Preferably here aluminum die casting offers on.
  • the case 48 On the left half of the picture is the case 48 with the disk pack 49 shown.
  • the coil 50 In the yoke, the coil 50 is mounted. At the end of the yoke legs, a part of the armature 51 is shown.
  • This shell 48 is here by means of screws 52 and 52a is clamped between the bearing plates 53 and 53a (see Fig. 9). The clamping forces of the screws act predominantly only on the case 48. For better adhesion of the disk pack 49 on the shell 48 has the disk pack cam 49 'for anchoring.
  • through-bolts 64 on the yoke side plates 61 and 62 are here designed as sheet bending parts on the left with inversion around the screw 64 and partly with welded together (weld S M ). These are welded at the welds S 1 to S 4 with the disk set.
  • the screws have advantages in terms of fine adjustment of the magnetic yoke to the anchor. In addition, they reduce the deflection of the yokes and thus support the yoke side plates 61 and 62.
  • the yoke side plate 61 and 62 are welded to the bearing plates 53, and 53a, respectively.
  • the coil with bobbin 50a is shown.
  • the yoke leg may have a toothing.
  • the yoke leg may have a toothing.
  • the z. B. Shrunk is, so that no air gap arises.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Elektromagnete mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to electromagnets with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Joche von Magnetkreisen für Elektromagnete werden verschraubt oder erhalten durch Sicken in den Blechen miteinander einen Formschluß, durch sogenannte Stanzpaketierung. Dies ist die übliche Technik, z. B. für Zündtrafos. Meistens werden diese Joche auch noch mit Kunststoff umspritzt. Diese Umspritzung dient dem Zusammenhalt des Lamellenpakets und zu dessen Isolation. Problematisch ist die Eigenspannung dünner Bleche, die wie Tellerfedern wirken und einen dichten Verbund, bei dem jedes Blech ohne Spiel in dem Verbund liegt, durch Verspannen mit Schrauben sehr erschweren. Joches of magnetic circuits for electromagnets are bolted or obtained by beading in the sheets together a positive connection, by so-called stamped packetization. This is the usual technique, eg. B. for ignition transformers. Most of these yokes are also molded with plastic. This encapsulation serves the cohesion of the disk pack and to its isolation. Problematic the residual stress of thin sheets that resemble disc springs act and a dense composite in which each sheet without Game is in the composite, by bracing with Making screws very difficult.

Hinzu kommt bei einem sogenannten tiefen Magneten, d. h. einem Magneten mit schwenkbaren Anker und mit in Schwenkachsrichtung breit ausgebildeten Anker und entsprechenden Jochen, wie er in der DE 19854020.5 beschrieben ist, daß eine hohe Magnetkraft auftritt. Diese führt zu einer gewissen Durchbiegung des Joches. Diese wird noch verstärkt durch das Verspannen des Joches, wenn außen liegend Spannschrauben verwendet werden. Diese gestalten das Lamellenpaket fächerförmig, d. h. auf der den Schrauben gegenüberliegenden Seite findet eine Aufweitung statt, was sich als Jochdurchbiegung äußert. Hierdurch kommen unterschiedliche Luftspalte in der Mitte gegenüber außen des Pakets zustande. Um einen kleinen Haltestrom und eine entsprechend geringe Verlustleitung zu ermöglichen sollte jedoch ein kleiner und gleichmäßiger Luftspalt erreicht werden.In addition, in a so-called deep magnet, d. H. a magnet with a pivotable armature and in Schwenkachsrichtung wide trained anchor and corresponding Jochen, as described in DE 19854020.5 that a high magnetic force occurs. This leads to a certain Bend of the yoke. This will be reinforced by straining the yoke when lying outside Clamping screws are used. These design the disk pack fan-shaped, d. H. on the opposite side of the screws Side, an expansion takes place, which manifests itself as Jochdurchbiegung. There are different ones Air gaps in the middle opposite the outside Package. To a small holding current and a should allow correspondingly low power loss However, achieved a small and uniform air gap become.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, die Jochausbildung eines Elektromagneten durchbiegungssteifer zu gestalten, um die oben erwähnten Nachteile zu vermeiden.The invention is based on the object, the yoke training to make a solenoid stiffer, to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Die Unteransprüche 2 bis 12 enthalten Ausgestaltungen, die die Aufgabenlösung weiter unterstützen.The dependent claims 2 to 12 contain embodiments, who continue to support the task solution.

Bei der Erfindung ist neben der Versteifung eine Justierung des Joches zum Anker möglich, um die Fertigungstoleranzen auszugleichen.In the invention, in addition to the stiffening an adjustment of the yoke to anchor possible to the manufacturing tolerances compensate.

In den Ansprüchen ab 13 ist eine Anwendung der Erfindung beschrieben, in der sich die Erfindung besonders günstig auswirkt. In the claims from 13 is an application of the invention described in which the invention is particularly advantageous effect.

Anhand der Zeichnung werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung erläutert.Reference to the drawings, embodiments of the invention explained.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
den Aufbau eines Aktuators für den Antrieb eines Ventils eines Verbrennungsmotors, bei dessen Elektromagneten die Erfindung eingesetzt ist;
Fig. 2
den Aktuator in perspektivischer Darstellung;
Fig. 3a und 3b
alternative Details der Verschweißung;
Fig. 4 bis 6
weitere Details des Jochaufbaus;
Fig. 7
den Zusammenbau zweier benachbarter Aktuatoren;
Fig. 8 bis 10
weitere Möglichkeiten der Ausgestaltung.
Show it:
Fig. 1
the structure of an actuator for driving a valve of an internal combustion engine, in the electromagnet, the invention is used;
Fig. 2
the actuator in perspective view;
Fig. 3a and 3b
alternative details of the weld;
4 to 6
further details of the Jochaufbaus;
Fig. 7
the assembly of two adjacent actuators;
Fig. 8 to 10
further possibilities of the design.

In Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ist ein elektromagnetischer Aktuator 1 für eine Ventilbetätigung eines Verbrennungsmotors gezeigt. Der Aktuator 1 weist zwei Elektromagnete 2 und 3 bestehend aus zweipoligen Jochen 2a und 3a und je einer Wicklung 2b und 3b auf. Die Elektromagnete 2 und 3 arbeiten mit einem Hebel 4 zusammen, der mit einem Ankerrohr 4a verbunden ist. Dieses Ankerrohr 4a ist um eine Achse 5 schwenkbar gelagert. Im Innern des Ankerrohrs 4a ist eine Torsionsfeder 6 in Form eines Drehrohrs angeordnet, das am einen Ende starr eingespannt ist und mit seinem andern Ende mit dem Ankerrohr 4a verbunden ist. Der Drehstab 6 erzeugt bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel die auf den Hebel 4 wirkenden beiden Federkräfte. Der Hebel 4 trägt einen Anker 7, der mit den Elektromagneten 2 und 3 zusammenarbeitet und die Schwenkbewegung erzeugt. Das rechte Ende 4b des Hebels 4 wirkt auf einen nicht gezeigten Schaft des Ventils ein.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is an electromagnetic actuator 1 for a valve actuation of an internal combustion engine. The actuator 1 has two electromagnets 2 and 3 consisting of two-pole yokes 2a and 3a and one each Winding 2b and 3b. The electromagnets 2 and 3 work with a lever 4 together, with an anchor tube 4a is connected. This anchor tube 4a is about an axis. 5 pivoted. In the interior of the anchor tube 4a is a Torsion spring 6 is arranged in the form of a rotary tube, the is rigidly clamped at one end and with his other End is connected to the anchor tube 4a. The torsion bar 6 generated in this embodiment, the on the lever 4 acting two spring forces. The lever 4 carries a Anchor 7, which cooperates with the electromagnets 2 and 3 and generates the pivoting movement. The right end 4b of the lever 4 acts on a shaft, not shown of the valve.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt, daß das Joch 2a aus Lamellen 2a' und 2a'' aus magnetischem Material zusammengesetzt ist. Die Lamellen 2a' sind z. B. 0,3mm dick. Die vorzugsweise äußeren Seiten jedes Magneten 2 und 3 tragen biegesteife Jochseitenplatten 8 und 9, die über die gesamte Jochtiefe entlang den Linien 10 mit den Lamellen 2a' verschweißt sind. Die Endlamellen 2a'' der Joche 2a und 3a sind dicker ausgebildet ( z.B. 3mm) und wie auch in den Fig. 3a und 3b gezeigt wird (Schnitt X - X), ebenfalls mit den Jochseitenplatten 8 verschweißt. Durch die Verwendung der Jochseitenplatten 8 und 9 und noch mehr durch die Einbeziehung der dickeren Endlamellen 2a'' entsteht eine einer Brücke ähnliche Konstruktion, die das Joch sehr durchbiegungssteif gestaltet. Das Joch befindet sich quasi in einem Käfig. Diese Konstruktion wird noch weiter verbessert und die Vorteile vermehrt, wenn man die Jochendlamellen 2a'' noch mit den Lagerplatten 12 des Aktuators 1 verschweißt, die die Lagerung des Ankers 7 tragen und an denen auch die Jochpakete 2a und 2b befestigt sind. Vor deren Befestigung ist eine Justierung der Magnete 2 und 3 und des Ankers 7 zueinander möglich, wobei die Lamellen 2a' und 2a'' mit den Jochseitenplatten 8 und 9 eine Montageeinheit bilden. Zusammen mit den Lagerplatten 12 bilden sie einen kompletten Aktuator. Fig. 2 shows that the yoke 2a of fins 2a 'and 2a' 'composed of magnetic material is. The fins 2a 'are z. B. 0.3mm thick. The preferably outer sides of each magnet 2 and 3 bear rigid yoke side plates 8 and 9, the along the entire Jochtiefe along the lines 10 with the lamellae 2a 'are welded. The end plates 2a '' the yokes 2a and 3a are made thicker (e.g., 3mm) and as also shown in Figs. 3a and 3b (section X - X), also welded to the yoke side plates 8. By using the yoke side plates 8 and 9 and more through the inclusion of the thicker ones Endlamellen 2a '' creates a bridge-like construction, which makes the yoke very resistant to bending. The yoke is almost in a cage. This Construction will be further enhanced and the benefits increased, if the yoke blades 2a '' still with the Bearing plates 12 of the actuator 1 welded, the storage carry the anchor 7 and where also the Jochpakete 2a and 2b are attached. Before their attachment is an adjustment of the magnets 2 and 3 and the armature 7 to each other possible, wherein the slats 2a 'and 2a' 'with the Yoke side plates 8 and 9 form a mounting unit. Together with the bearing plates 12, they form a complete Actuator.

In Fig. 2 ist noch auf einen Schlitz 13 in der Jochseitenplatte hinzweisen, mit dessen Hilfe Wirbelströme reduziert werden.In Fig. 2 is still on a slot 13 in the Jochseitenplatte hinzweisen, with whose help eddy currents reduced become.

In Fig. 3a und Fig. 3b ist jeweils eine der Schweißverbindungen 8' zwischen den Jochendlamellen 2a'' und den Jochseitenplatten 8 gezeigt. Hierdurch entsteht zwischen den beiden Jochseitenplatten und den Endlamellen ein Käfig, wobei sich die Jochseitenplatten voll auf den Endlamellen biegesteif abstützen, um die großen Magnetkräfte der Lamellen aufzufangen. Auch ist in Fig. 3a eine Schweißverbindung 8'' zwischen der Jochseitenplatte 8 und der Lagerplatte 12 gezeigt, die in einer Aussparung 8''' angebracht ist. Hier ist die Lagerplatte 12 direkt mit der Jochseitenplatte 8 verbunden. Alternativ kann die Schweißverbindung 8'' auch durch eine Durchschweißung 12'' durch die Lagerplatte 12 zur Endlamelle 2a'' ersetzt sein. Beide können auch gleichzeitig angewandt sein. Vorzugsweise wird das Lamellenpaket vor dem Verschweißen stark zusammengepreßt, damit die Lamellen dicht aneinander liegen. Dies kann mit einer Verspannungsvorrichtung bewirkt werden, die später noch beschrieben wird.In Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b is in each case one of the welded joints 8 'between the Jochendlamellen 2a' 'and the Yoke side plates 8 shown. This creates between the two yoke side plates and the end plates a cage, where the yoke side plates are fully on the Endlamellen rigidly support the large magnetic forces to catch the slats. Also in Fig. 3a is a Weld 8 '' between the yoke side plate 8 and the bearing plate 12 shown in a recess 8 '' ' is appropriate. Here is the bearing plate 12 directly with the yoke side plate 8 connected. Alternatively, the Weld 8 '' also by a through-welding 12 '' replaced by the bearing plate 12 to the end plate 2a '' his. Both can also be used simultaneously. Preferably is the disk set before welding strongly compressed, so that the lamellae close together lie. This can be done with a bracing device be effected, which will be described later.

In Fig. 3b sind die Teile 8 und 12 nur indirekt miteinander verbunden: die Lagerplatte 12 und die Jochseitenplatte 8 sind jeweils mit der Endlamelle 2a" verbunden.In Fig. 3b, the parts 8 and 12 are only indirectly with each other connected: the bearing plate 12 and the yoke side plate 8 are each connected to the end plate 2a ".

Um zu vermeiden, daß an den Schweißnähten der Jochseitenplatten 8 entstehende Wirbelströme über die Lagerplatten 12 kurzgeschlossen werden, wird vorzugsweise zwischen den Endlamellen 2a'' und den Lagerplatten 12 eine Isolation 2c eingebracht z. B. eine Kunststofffolie oder ein Lackauftrag. To avoid that on the welds of the yoke side plates 8 eddy currents over the bearing plates 12 be short-circuited, is preferably between the Endlamellen 2a '' and the bearing plates 12 an insulation 2c introduced z. B. a plastic film or a paint job.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt nochmals den Aufbau des Elektromagneten der Fig. 1 mit dem lamellierten Joch 2a, mit den dünnen Lamellen 2a' und den dickeren Endlamellen 2a", der Wicklung 2b und der Lagerplatte 12. Um Wirbelströme zu verringern ist die linke Seitenplatte 8a an ihrem oberen Ende 8a' abgekröpft und ist außerhalb der Wicklung 2b angeordnet. Hierdurch wird eine hohe Biegesteifigkeit erreicht. Sie ist wenigstens oben mit den Lamellen verschweißt. Die verwendeten dicken Endlamellen 2a'' stellen eine Versteifung des Pakets dar; dünne Plättchen würden sich wegen der Federwirkung des Lamellenpakets aufwölben und können nicht die auf die Jochseitenplatte übertragenen hohen Magnetkräfte aufnehmen.Fig. 4 shows again the structure of the electromagnet of Fig. 1 with the laminated yoke 2a, with the thin Slats 2a 'and the thicker end plates 2a ", the winding 2b and the bearing plate 12. To reduce eddy currents is the left side plate 8a at its upper end 8a 'is bent and is arranged outside the winding 2b. As a result, a high bending stiffness is achieved. It is welded at least at the top with the slats. The thick end plates used 2a "set a stiffening of the package; thin platelets would bulge because of the spring action of the disk pack and can not transfer the ones transferred to the yoke side plate absorb high magnetic forces.

Vorzugsweise werden die Jochseitenplatten 8 und 8a mit einer geringen Längentoleranz gefertigt (z. B. < 20[m). Damit wird es möglich das Lamellenpaket 2a ohne eine Bearbeitung der Stirnflächen der Endlamellen 2a'' zusammenzupressen und mit der Lagerplatte zu verschweißen, wobei die Schweißung vorzugsweise über eine große Länge der Berührungsfläche vorgenommen wird.Preferably, the yoke side plates 8 and 8a with manufactured with a small length tolerance (eg <20 [m]. This makes it possible the plate pack 2a without editing the end faces of the end plates 2a '' together and to weld to the bearing plate, wherein the weld preferably over a large length of the contact surface is made.

Vorzugsweise wird zwischen den Seitenplatten 8 und den Lamellen 2a' eine Isolierung 15 eingebracht, wie dies Fig. 5 zeigt. Diese kann auch aus einem definierten Luftspalt bestehen.Preferably, between the side plates 8 and the Slats 2a 'an insulation 15 introduced, as Fig. 5 shows. This can also be from a defined Air gap exist.

Fig. 6 zeigt einen Fall, bei dem die Jochseitenbleche 8und 8a stumpf mit der Lagerplatte 12 verschweißt sind (Schweißungen 12'''). Zusätzlich kann noch eine Verschweißung 12'' zwischen der dicken Endlamelle 2a'' und der Lagerplatte 12 erfolgen. Für die Verbindung des Lamellenpakets mit den Jochseitenplatten zur Lagerplatte gibt es viele Möglichkeiten, wobei hier nur einige beschrieben sind.Fig. 6 shows a case where the yoke side plates 8 and 8a are butt welded to the bearing plate 12 (Welds 12 '' '). In addition, there may be a weld 12 '' between the thick end plate 2a '' and the bearing plate 12 done. For the connection of the plate pack with the yoke side plates to the bearing plate There are many possibilities, although only a few are described here are.

Derartige Verschweißungen sind möglich, wenn die Jochseitenplatten eng toleriert werden und das Lamellenpaket mit einer Spannvorrichtung auf dieses eng tolerierte Maß (<20[m) zusammengedrückt (verspannt) wird.Such welds are possible when the yoke side plates are closely tolerated and the disk set with a clamping device on this tight tolerated measure (<20 [m] compressed (strained).

Um minimalen Schweißverzug, das heißt Abweichungen an den Magneten zu erzielen, ist es günstig zunächst nur einen Teil der Länge zwischen Jochseitenplatten 8 mit den Lagerplatten 12 zu verschweißen. Darauffolgend wird dann günstiger Weise in der selben Weise die gegenüberliegende Platte verschweißt. Vorzugsweise erfolgt dies auch diagonal.To minimize welding distortion, ie deviations in the To achieve magnets, it is cheap initially only one Part of the length between Jochseitenplatten 8 with the bearing plates 12 to weld. Subsequent will then favorably in the same way the opposite one Plate welded. Preferably, this is also done diagonally.

In Fig. 7 ist die Vorderansicht einer Kombination zweier Aktuatoren 40 und 41 gezeigt, die sich hinter einer gemeinsamen Lagerplatte 42 befinden. Der Aktuator 41 entspricht der Lage des Aktuators 1 in der Fig. 1. Der Aktuator 40 liegt dem Aktuator 41 gegenüber; er ist gegen ihn um 180° verdreht, so daß in Fig. 7 sich links bei 41a die Lagerung des Ankerrohrs und dessen Verbindung mit dem Drehrohr 41b entsprechend der Darstellung der Fig. 2 befindet und rechts bei 40a die Einspannung des Drehrohrs 40b in die Lagerplatte 42. Die hintere und vordere Lagerplatte 42 sind auf einem Aktuatorträger 43 befestigt. Die Ventilbetätigungen 44 entsprechend 4b, liegen entsprechend dem Ventilabstand im Zylinderkopf räumlich versetzt.In Fig. 7, the front view of a combination of two Actuators 40 and 41 shown behind a common Bearing plate 42 are located. The actuator 41 corresponds the position of the actuator 1 in Fig. 1. The actuator 40 is opposite the actuator 41; he is against it is rotated by 180 °, so that in Fig. 7, left at 41a the storage of the anchor tube and its connection to the Rotary tube 41b corresponding to the illustration of FIG. 2 is located and right at 40a the clamping of the rotary tube 40b in the bearing plate 42. The rear and front bearing plate 42 are mounted on an actuator carrier 43. The Valve actuations 44 corresponding to 4b, are correspondingly spatially offset the valve spacing in the cylinder head.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt nun mögliche Schweißstellen 45 und 46 zwischen der gemeinsamen Lagerplatte 42 und den dahinter liegenden Endlamellen der vier Joche. Bei einer Durchschweißung entsprechend Fig. 3a würde die Schweißnaht 47 entsprechend der U-Form des Magneten abgebildet sein, wie dies im oberen Teil des Aktuators 41 gezeigt ist.FIG. 7 now shows possible welds 45 and 46 between the common bearing plate 42 and the behind lying end lamellae of the four yokes. With a through-welding According to Fig. 3a, the weld 47 would mapped according to the U-shape of the magnet, such as this is shown in the upper part of the actuator 41.

Oben wurde häufig von Verschweißen als Verbindung von Teilen erwähnt. Alternativ kann auch ein Verlöten, Verkleben oder ein formschlüssiges Verbinden, z. B. durch Stifte in Frage kommen.Above was often used by welding as a connection of Share mentioned. Alternatively, a soldering, bonding or a positive connection, for. B. by Pens come into question.

Fig. 8 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel bei dem die Jochseitenplatten zu einer Einbettung des Lamellenpakets in eine Hülle 48 erweitert sind, die durch Eingießen oder Umspritzen mit Metall oder Kunststoff hergestellt werden kann. Vorzugsweise bietet sich hier Aluminium-Druckguss an.Fig. 8 shows an embodiment in which the yoke side plates to an embedding of the disk pack in one Sheath 48 are expanded by pouring or overmolding be made with metal or plastic can. Preferably here aluminum die casting offers on.

Auf der linken Bildhälfte ist die Hülle 48 mit dem Lamellenpaket 49 gezeigt. Im Joch ist die Spule 50 gelagert. Am Ende der Jochschenkel ist ein Teil des Ankers 51 gezeigt. Diese Hülle 48 ist hier mittels Schrauben 52 und 52a zwischen die Lagerplatten 53 und 53a (sh. Fig. 9) geklemmt. Die Spannkräfte der Schrauben wirken vorwiegend nur auf die Hülle 48. Zur besserem Haftung des Lamellenpakets 49 an der Hülle 48 weist das Lamellenpaket Nocken 49' zur Verankerung auf.On the left half of the picture is the case 48 with the disk pack 49 shown. In the yoke, the coil 50 is mounted. At the end of the yoke legs, a part of the armature 51 is shown. This shell 48 is here by means of screws 52 and 52a is clamped between the bearing plates 53 and 53a (see Fig. 9). The clamping forces of the screws act predominantly only on the case 48. For better adhesion of the disk pack 49 on the shell 48 has the disk pack cam 49 'for anchoring.

Auf der rechten Bildhälfte ist die Hülle 54 ohne Verschraubung dargestellt. Der andersartige Zusammenhalt mit den Lagerplatten 53 und 53a ist in Fig. 9 in zwei Schnitten A-A und B-B durch die Anordnung der Fig. 8 gezeigt. Am Ende des Lamellenpakets ist eine dickere Endlamelle 55 vorgesehen, ähnlich der Endlamelle 2a'' der Fig. 5. Diese besitzt Nuten oder Aussparungen 56 zur Verankerung der Hülle 54. Diese Endlamellen sind mit der Lagerplatte 53 durch Verschweißungen 57 verbunden. Diese Verankerung mit den Endlamellen 55 hat den Vorteil, der Möglichkeit einer günstigen Befestigung 58 der Lagerplatten 53 und 53a mit dem Zylinderkopf 59. Es liegen nahezu gleiche Wärmeausdehnungen zwischen Hülle 54 und dem Zylinderkopf 59 vor, wenn die Hülle 54 und der Zylinderkopf 59 aus Aluminium sind. Auf der linken Seite sind die Durchgangsschrauben 52 und 52a mittels Muttern 60 und 60a an der Lagerplatte 53 angeschraubt. Die Spule 50 ragt durch die Lagerplatte hindurch. Die Hüllen 48 und 54 können zusätzlich mit den Lagerplatten 53 und 53a an der Stelle KL verbunden, z. B. verklebt werden.On the right half of the image, the shell 54 without screw shown. The different cohesion with the bearing plates 53 and 53a is in Fig. 9 in two sections A-A and B-B are shown by the arrangement of FIG. At the end of the disk pack is a thicker end plate 55th provided, similar to the end plate 2a '' of Fig. 5. This has grooves or recesses 56 for anchoring the Sheath 54. These end blades are connected to the bearing plate 53 connected by welds 57. This anchoring with the Endlamellen 55 has the advantage of the possibility of favorable attachment 58 of the bearing plates 53 and 53 a with the cylinder head 59. There are almost the same thermal expansions between shell 54 and the cylinder head 59, when the shell 54 and the cylinder head 59 made of aluminum are. On the left side are the through bolts 52 and 52a by means of nuts 60 and 60a on the bearing plate 53 bolted. The coil 50 protrudes through the bearing plate therethrough. The sheaths 48 and 54 may additionally with the Bearing plates 53 and 53 a connected at the point KL, z. B. be glued.

Fig. 10 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit Jochseitenplatten 61 und 62. Die Befestigung des Lamellenpakets erfolgt, wie in Fig. 9, mittels Durchgangsschrauben 64 an den Jochseitenplatten 61 und 62. Diese sind hier als Blechbiegeteile links mit Umkehrung um die Schraube 64 ausgeführt und teilweise mit einander verschweißt (Verschweißung SM). Diese sind an den Schweißstellen S1 bis S4 mit dem Lamellenpaket verschweißt. Die Schrauben haben Vorteile hinsichtlich der Feinjustierung des Magnetjoches zum Anker. Außerdem verringern sie die Durchbiegung der Joche und unterstützen damit die Jochseitenplatten 61 und 62. An der Stelle SL sind die Jochseitenplatte 61 und 62 mit den Lagerplatten 53, bzw. 53a verschweißt.9, by means of through-bolts 64 on the yoke side plates 61 and 62. These are here designed as sheet bending parts on the left with inversion around the screw 64 and partly with welded together (weld S M ). These are welded at the welds S 1 to S 4 with the disk set. The screws have advantages in terms of fine adjustment of the magnetic yoke to the anchor. In addition, they reduce the deflection of the yokes and thus support the yoke side plates 61 and 62. At the point S L , the yoke side plate 61 and 62 are welded to the bearing plates 53, and 53a, respectively.

In den Fig. 8 ist die Spule mit Spulenkörper 50a gezeigt. Die Konzeption des Lamellenpakets mit umgebenden Jochseitenplatten, bzw. Hüllen bietet sich auf für eine körperlose eingespritzte oder gegossenen Spule an, wie dies Fig. 10 zeigt. Zur besseren Verankerung der Spule mit dem Lamellenpaket kann der Jochschenkel eine Verzahnung aufweisen. Hierbei besteht die Gefahr, dass sich im Betrieb Gießharzpartikel lösen und in den Luftspalt zwischen Joch und Anker geraten und damit zum Ausfall des Aktuators führen. Um dies zu verhindern ist zwischen den Jochen, bzw. zwischen den Jochen und der Jochseitenplatte eine Dichtungsschale 63 angeordnet, die z. B. eingeschrumpft ist, so dass kein Luftspalt entsteht.In Fig. 8, the coil with bobbin 50a is shown. The design of the lamella package with surrounding yoke side plates, or covers itself for a disembodied injected or cast coil on, like this Fig. 10 shows. For better anchoring of the coil with the Disc pack, the yoke leg may have a toothing. There is a risk that in operation Release casting resin particles and place in the air gap between the yoke and anchor and thus failure of the actuator to lead. To prevent this is between the Jochen, or between the yokes and the yoke side plate one Seal shell 63 is arranged, the z. B. Shrunk is, so that no air gap arises.

Claims (32)

  1. Electromagnet (2, 3) with a yoke (2a, 3a) having an electric coil (2b, 3b) and an armature (7) lying opposite the poles of the yoke (2a, 3a), whereby the yoke (2a, 3a) is composed of lamellae (2a', 2a'') and means (8, 9, 10) are provided for holding the lamella packet together, characterised in that yoke side plates (8, 9) are arranged at least on a part of the sides, preferably on the outer sides of the lamella packet (2a, 3a) over its depth, whereby the lamellae (2a', 2a") are welded, soldered, bonded or positively connected at least partly to the yoke side plates (8, 9).
  2. Electromagnet according to Claim 1, characterised in that the lamella packet is compressed before and during the welding or soldering etc.
  3. Electromagnet according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the edges of the yoke side plates (8, 9) are welded, soldered or bonded at their contact points (10) to at least some of the lamellae (2a').
  4. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the yoke side plates (8, 9) are pressed into the lamellae (2a', 2a") resulting in a positive tight fit.
  5. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the end lamellae (2a") are formed thicker than the other lamellae (2a') and that these end lamellae (2a") are welded or soldered etc. to the yoke side plates (8, 9).
  6. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the yoke side plates (8, 9) consist of magnetically non-conductive material.
  7. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the yoke side plates (8, 9) consist of magnetically conductive material.
  8. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that laser welding is used.
  9. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the yoke side plates (8, 8a) are fitted outside the coils (2b, 3b) to reduce eddy currents.
  10. Electromagnet according to Claim 9, characterised in that the one yoke side plate (8a) is crimped at its upper part (8a') for embracing the coil (2b).
  11. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that insulation (15) is provided between the thin lamellae (2a') and the yoke sides plates (8, 9).
  12. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the yoke side plates (8, 9) are provided approximately parallel to the lamellae (2a) with at least one slot (13).
  13. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the yoke side plates (61, 62) are connected by means of through bolts (60) to the base plates (53, 53a).
  14. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that mechanical sealing (seal membrane 63) of the air gap is provided between the armature opposite the poles of the coil.
  15. Electromagnet according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised by its application as part of an electromagnetic actuator (1), in the case of which the armature (7) is moved to two end positions by magnetic force (2, 3) in conjunction with two oppositely-directed spring forces (6) and in the case of which the armature movement to the two end positions is used to operate a valve of a combustion engine (by means of extension 4b).
  16. Actuator according to Claim 15, characterised in that if base plates (12) are used for mounting and holding the actuator (1), these base plates (12) are directly (Fig. 3a and Fig. 6) or indirectly (Fig. 3b) welded or soldered etc. to the yoke side plates (8).
  17. Actuator according to Claim 15, characterised in that insulation, in particular plastic foil or paint, is applied between the base plates (12) and the lamella packet.
  18. Actuator according to Claim 15, 16 or 17, characterised in that the armature (7) is pivotally mounted and a torsion spring (5) connected to the armature supplies at least some of the spring forces.
  19. Actuator according to any one of Claims 15 to 18, characterised in that its end lamellae and/or yoke side plates together with the end lamellae and/or yoke side plates of a further actuator (40) are welded etc. to base plates (42) common for both actuators (40, 41), whereby the actuators (40, 41) face one another.
  20. Actuator according to any one of Claims 15 to 19, characterised in that the length of the yoke side plates (8, 9) has close tolerances.
  21. Actuator according to Claim 20, characterised in that preferably the yoke side plates (8, 9) are welded etc. over a large part of the length directly to the base plates (12).
  22. Actuator according to any one of Claims 20 or 21, characterised in that the lamella packages (2a, 3a) are stretched to constant length over the side plates (8, 9) by means of a stretching device and then welded etc.
  23. Actuator according to any one of Claims 15 to 22, characterised in that for adjusting the magnets the respective armature is fastened at the end position, whereby the respective yokes are pressed onto the armature (preferably by inherent magnetic force) and whereby afterwards the weld is carried out between yoke end lamella and base plate.
  24. Actuator according to Claim 23, characterised in that during the adjustment bearing play is eliminated by virtue of the fact that the base tube (4a) is preferably pressed towards the magnet (2).
  25. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 19, characterised in that the actuators lying opposite each other are arranged rotated 180° against one another.
  26. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 19 or 25, characterised in that the common base plates (42) are mounted on an actuator carrier or cylinder head (43).
  27. Actuator arrangement according to any one of Claims 1 to 26, characterised in that one yoke side plate (8, 9) is firstly only partially welded to the base plates (12), then welding is switched to the other yoke side plate (8, 9), whereby the welds are preferably carried out diagonally.
  28. Actuator arrangement according to any one of Claims 15 to 27, characterised in that the yoke side plates are expanded to form covers (48, 54), laterally encasing at least to a large extent the lamella packet (49).
  29. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 28, characterised in that the covers (48, 54) are produced by extrusion coating or all-round casting.
  30. Actuator arrangement according to Claim 28 or 29, characterised in that the covers (48, 54) are connected to the base plates (53, 53a) by means of through bolts (52, 52a).
  31. Actuator arrangement according to any one of Claims 28 to 30, characterised in that the lamella packet has cams (49a) and/or recesses on the face turned towards the covers (48, 54).
  32. Actuator arrangement according to any one of Claims 28 to 31, characterised in that the covers (48, 54) are connected, especially welded, to the end lamellae (55) and these to the base plates.
EP01909656A 2000-01-20 2001-01-18 Electromagnet Expired - Lifetime EP1163686B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10002295A DE10002295A1 (en) 2000-01-20 2000-01-20 Electromagnet has yoke side plates mounted on lateral surface, preferably outer lateral surface, and over depth of surface, yoke lamellas attached to yoke side plates
DE10002295 2000-01-20
DE10039869 2000-08-16
DE10039869A DE10039869A1 (en) 2000-08-16 2000-08-16 Electromagnet has yoke side plates mounted on lateral surface, preferably outer lateral surface, and over depth of surface, yoke lamellas attached to yoke side plates
PCT/EP2001/000569 WO2001054147A1 (en) 2000-01-20 2001-01-18 Electromagnet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1163686A1 EP1163686A1 (en) 2001-12-19
EP1163686B1 true EP1163686B1 (en) 2004-07-28

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EP01909656A Expired - Lifetime EP1163686B1 (en) 2000-01-20 2001-01-18 Electromagnet

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WO (1) WO2001054147A1 (en)

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JP2008202427A (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-09-04 Toyota Motor Corp Solenoid valve
EP3133615B1 (en) * 2015-08-20 2018-12-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electrical winding assembly

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE946169C (en) * 1942-06-19 1956-07-26 Aeg Leafed magnetic core
JPS6313306A (en) * 1986-07-04 1988-01-20 Hitachi Ltd Electromagnet iron core and manufacture thereof
WO1998042958A1 (en) * 1997-03-24 1998-10-01 Lsp Innovative Automotive Systems Gmbh Electromagnetic control device
DE19824537A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 1999-12-09 Lsp Innovative Automotive Sys Electromagnetic drive for actuating valve in internal combustion engine

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WO2001054147A1 (en) 2001-07-26
EP1163686A1 (en) 2001-12-19

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