EP1162183A1 - Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren - Google Patents
Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1162183A1 EP1162183A1 EP01112894A EP01112894A EP1162183A1 EP 1162183 A1 EP1162183 A1 EP 1162183A1 EP 01112894 A EP01112894 A EP 01112894A EP 01112894 A EP01112894 A EP 01112894A EP 1162183 A1 EP1162183 A1 EP 1162183A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ignition mixture
- ignition
- weight
- gas
- mixture according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ignition mixture for use in gas generators for Safety devices in motor vehicles, in particular for a vehicle occupant restraint system.
- Gas generators for vehicle occupant restraint systems typically include one Solid fuel based on sodium azide. They are also gas generator fuels known from a flammable, mostly nitrogenous organic Compound and suitable inorganic oxidizing agents exist. For ignition these gas generator fuels are usually mixtures based on boron and potassium nitrate used.
- EP-A2-0736511 describes an ignition mixture for azide-free gas generator fuels which contains 5 to 100 percent by weight of Mg, TiH 2 , Al or Ti and 0 to 95 percent by weight of a carbohydrate fuel with an oxygen content of 35 to 65 percent by weight, as well as perchlorates or chlorates of Sodium or potassium as an oxidizing agent.
- the molar ratio of oxygen to fuel in the ignition mixture is at least 1, preferably at least 1.05.
- the ignition mixtures known from EP-A2-0736511 have a high Combustion temperature. This results in very high gaseous gases when burning Shares, for example of potassium chloride, which are used to ignite the gas generator fuels are poorly suited.
- the well-known ignition mixtures are also very good sensitive to friction and therefore cannot be grinded together in one Ball mill and subsequent compression on tablet presses into a manageable, bring precisely defined geometry or shape.
- that is known in the art as considered advantageous oxygen balance of greater than 1 is not desirable because in the high combustion temperatures a noticeable proportion of free oxygen is generated, which reacts with the nitrogen-containing gas generator fuels to form nitrogen oxides.
- WO-A-99/08983 describes an ignition mixture based on 5-aminotetrazole, Strontium nitrate, aluminum, mica and boron nitride are described. That in this Mixture of strontium nitrate used as an oxidizer produces together with aluminum however only solid fuel residues.
- the 5-aminotetrazole which is preferably used as fuel is known to be very hygroscopic, which makes processing and Storage of the known ignition mixtures is difficult. Even the oxygen balance of 5-aminotetrazole is compared to the nitrates of guanidine compounds, such as for example nitroguanidine, much worse, i.e. it becomes a much higher one Oxidizer content in the ignition mixture required.
- guanidine compounds such as for example nitroguanidine
- the conventionally used ignition mixtures based on boron and Potassium nitrate has a significant oxygen deficit in most cases on, with the result that large amounts are incompletely oxidized Reaction products are released. These can lead to an increase in Burning temperature of the fuel as a result of a reaction of the not completely oxidized Reaction products of the ignition mixture with components of the gas generator fuel contribute.
- B / KNO 3 ignition mixtures are also hygroscopic and show an undesirable aging behavior that can be attributed to the formation of boron oxides. After all, these ignition mixtures are very expensive due to the high raw material price of boron. The same also applies to the ignition mixtures described in EP-A2-0763511.
- the invention proposes an ignition mixture for use in one Gas generator for a safety device in motor vehicles, which thereby is characterized in that the ignition mixture from a gas-generating composition in a proportion of 15 to 70 percent by weight and a thermite composition in a proportion of 30 to 85 percent by weight.
- the gas generating The composition consists essentially of a guanidine compound Fuel and an inorganic oxidizer.
- the thermite composition consists of essentially of a metal and a metal oxide.
- the ignition mixture or the gas generating composition and the thermite composition in each case have an oxygen balance of between 0 and - 20%.
- the oxygen balance is to be understood as the percentage by weight of oxygen which is released when the fuel is completely converted to CO 2 , H 2 O, Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 or other metal oxides (O 2 overbalancing). If the available oxygen is not sufficient for this, the shortfall necessary for complete conversion is indicated with a negative sign (O 2 under-balancing).
- the guanidine compound is preferred in the ignition mixture according to the invention from that of cyanoguanidine, guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, Triaminoguanidine nitrate, aminonitroguanidine and nitroguanidine and mixtures thereof selected group.
- the inorganic oxidizer is preferably a Alkali perchlorate or an alkali perchlorate mixed with ammonium perchlorate.
- the metal is preferably made of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Hf and Si or their mixtures selected group.
- a metal oxide is preferably an oxide of Si, Fe, Mn, V, Mo, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ti, alone or in Combination with each other.
- the thermite composition preferably consists of Al and CuO.
- the oxygen balance of the ignition mixture or the gas-generating composition and the thermite composition are preferably between - 2% and - 15%, particularly preferably between - 4% and - 10%.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention can also contain up to 5% by weight usual processing aids such as pouring aids, pressing aids and Lubricant included.
- the gas-generating composition acts as an atomizer and the thermite composition as a particle supplier. Together, they thus ensure good ignition of the gas generator fuel.
- excess boron competes with the fuel of the gas generator fuel and generates additional energy during the combustion of B 2 O 3 . Furthermore, this can lead to the undesirable formation of carbon monoxide in the released gas mixture.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention are also inexpensive to produce, show a significantly lower hygroscopicity and a high resistance to aging.
- ignition tests in the gas generator show that with a smaller amount of the ignition mixtures according to the invention, compared to mixtures based on B / KNO 3, an improved or at least comparable ignition is achieved.
- the non-gaseous reaction products at the burning temperature not only as solid slag, but also to a certain extent in liquid form available. This improves the heat input into the fuel to be ignited.
- the non-gaseous reaction products are particularly preferred Ignition mixture at the combustion temperature of the mixture about half as a solid and the other half in liquid form.
- a conventional ignition mixture was prepared from 26 parts by weight of boron and 74 parts by weight of potassium nitrate. The oxygen balance of this mixture was -28.4%; the mixture had a combustion temperature of 3,078 K. The storage test over 408 h at 107 ° C. showed an increase in weight of 0.25%. In the chamber test (2.5 m 3 ), the CO fraction of 270 ppm was determined when the standardized pyrotechnic gas generator from Example 1 was bombarded. The NO X emission was 20 ppm.
- an ignition mixture was produced from 28 parts by weight of NTO, 62 parts by weight of strontium nitrate, 8 parts by weight of aluminum and 2 parts by weight of mica.
- the combustion temperature of this ignition mixture was 2,938 K; the oxygen balance was + 9.4%.
- the experimentally determined values for the gas yield and the friction sensitivity are given in Table 2. Comparative Example No. Combustion temperature Gas yield (mass%) Gas yield (mol / 100g) Friction sensitivity Oxygen balance 1 3078 K 81 1.27 > 360 Nm - 28.4% 2: 3502 K 60 1.39 90 Nm + 10.7% 3: 3105 K.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Beispiel Nr. | Verbrennungs-temperatur | Gasausbeute (Massen %) | Gasausbeute (mol/100g) | Reibemp-findlichkeit | Sauerstoff-bilanz |
1: | 2956 K | 57 | 2,12 | >360 Nm | - 4,8 % |
2: | 3221 K | 44 | 1,71 | >360 Nm | - 7,2 % |
Vergleichsbeispiel Nr. | Verbrennungs-temperatur | Gasausbeute (Massen %) | Gasausbeute (mol/100g) | Reibemp-findlichkeit | Sauerstoff-bilanz |
1 | 3078 K | 81 | 1,27 | >360 Nm | - 28,4 % |
2: | 3502 K | 60 | 1,39 | 90 Nm | +10,7% |
3: | 3105 K | 53,5 | 1,88 | 240 Nm | - 0,1 % |
4: | 2938 K | 52,5 | 1,67 | 288 Nm | + 9,4 % |
Zusammensetzung | Gewichtszunahme (%) nach 168 h | |||
45 % rel. LF | 55 % rel. LF | 65 % rel. LF | 86 % rel. LF | |
Vergleichs-beispiel Nr. 1 | 0,11 | 0,13 | 0,24 | 0,63 |
Vergleichs-beispiel Nr. 3 | 2,06 | 3,58 | 5,48 | 7,70 |
Beispiel Nr. 1 | -0,07 | -0,03 | 0,02 | 0,18 |
Claims (8)
- Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in einem Gasgenerator für eine Sicherheitseinrichtung in Fahrzeugen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzündmischung aus einer gaserzeugenden Zusammensetzung in einem Anteil von 15 bis 70 Gew.-% und einer Thermit-Zusammensetzung in einem Anteil von 30 bis 85 Gew.-% besteht, wobei die gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung im wesentlichen aus einer Guanidinverbindung als Brennstoff und einem anorganischen Oxidator besteht, und die Thermit-Zusammensetzung im wesentlichen aus einem Metall und einem Metalloxid besteht und wobei die Anzündmischung oder die gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung und die Thermit-Zusammensetzung jeweils für sich eine Sauerstoffbilanz von zwischen 0 und -20 % aufweisen.
- Anzündmischung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Guanidinverbindung aus der aus Cyanoguanidin, Guanidinnitrat, Aminoguanidinnitrat, Diaminoguanidinnitrat, Triaminoguanidinnitrat, Aminonitroguanidin und Nitroguanidin sowie deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist.
- Anzündmischung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der anorganische Oxidator ein Alkaliperchlorat oder Alkaliperchlorat im Gemisch mit Ammoniumperchlorat ist.
- Anzündmischung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metall aus der aus Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Hf und Si, jeweils allein oder in Kombination miteinander, bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist.
- Anzündmischung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metalloxid aus der aus den Oxiden von Si, Fe, Mn, V, Mo, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ti, jeweils allein oder in Kombination miteinander, bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist.
- Anzündmischung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Thermit-Zusammensetzung aus Al und CuO besteht.
- Anzündmischung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sauerstoffbilanz zwischen -2 % und -15 % liegt.
- Anzündmischung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sauerstoffbilanz zwischen -4 % und -10 % liegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE20010154U | 2000-06-07 | ||
DE20010154U DE20010154U1 (de) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1162183A1 true EP1162183A1 (de) | 2001-12-12 |
EP1162183B1 EP1162183B1 (de) | 2007-10-24 |
Family
ID=7942547
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01112894A Expired - Lifetime EP1162183B1 (de) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-01 | Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6599380B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1162183B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE20010154U1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7337856B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2008-03-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Method and apparatus for suppression of fires |
US20050115721A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Blau Reed J. | Man-rated fire suppression system |
FR2945288B1 (fr) * | 2009-05-05 | 2011-07-22 | Snpe Materiaux Energetiques | Compose solide pyrotechnique, obtention par voie seche et utilisation |
US8672348B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2014-03-18 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas-generating devices with grain-retention structures and related methods and systems |
US8939225B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2015-01-27 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Inflator-based fire suppression |
US8616128B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2013-12-31 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas generator |
US8967284B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2015-03-03 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Liquid-augmented, generated-gas fire suppression systems and related methods |
US20150096653A1 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2015-04-09 | Arc Automotive | Autoignition for igniting gas-generative compositions used in inflator devices for protective passive restraints |
CN105689724B (zh) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-01-05 | 南京师范大学 | 一种纳米Al/CuO‑AP含能复合粒子的制备方法 |
CN110317120B (zh) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-10-20 | 湖北航鹏化学动力科技有限责任公司 | 点火药及其制备方法与应用以及安全气囊气体发生器 |
US20210032180A1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-04 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Ignition booster compositions and methods of making the same |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2063586A1 (de) * | 1969-12-26 | 1971-07-22 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) | Gasbildende Masse |
US4963203A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1990-10-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | High- and low-temperature-stable thermite composition for producing high-pressure, high-velocity gases |
DE19548544A1 (de) * | 1995-12-23 | 1997-06-26 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Initialsprengstoff-freie Anzündmischung |
US5700974A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-12-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Preparing consolidated thermite compositions |
DE19805976C1 (de) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-04-29 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Frühzündpulver für thermische Sicherungen für Airbag-Gasgeneratoren |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4352397A (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1982-10-05 | Jet Research Center, Inc. | Methods, apparatus and pyrotechnic compositions for severing conduits |
FR2628735B1 (fr) * | 1988-03-15 | 1990-08-24 | Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies | Charges d'amorcage a percussion et leur procede de fabrication |
US5256451A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-10-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Guanidine based vehicle/binders for use with oxides, metals and ceramics |
US5439537A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1995-08-08 | Thiokol Corporation | Thermite compositions for use as gas generants |
US5429691A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1995-07-04 | Thiokol Corporation | Thermite compositions for use as gas generants comprising basic metal carbonates and/or basic metal nitrates |
DE4401214C1 (de) | 1994-01-18 | 1995-03-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
DE4435524C2 (de) | 1994-10-05 | 1996-08-22 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Festtreibstoff auf der Basis von reinem oder phasenstabilisiertem Ammoniumnitrat |
US5668345A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1997-09-16 | Morton International, Inc. | Airbag inflators employing coated porous substrates |
EP0864553B1 (de) | 1995-12-01 | 2013-02-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobeseikosho | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung und übertragungsladung zur verwendung in einem gasgenerator für einen airbag und diese zusammensetzung und übertragungsladung enthaltendes gasgenerator |
US5959242A (en) | 1996-05-14 | 1999-09-28 | Talley Defense Systems, Inc. | Autoignition composition |
FR2772370B1 (fr) | 1997-12-12 | 2000-01-07 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Compositions pyrotechniques generatrices de gaz non toxiques a base de perchlorate d'ammonium |
FR2772750B1 (fr) | 1997-12-22 | 2000-01-28 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Composition pyrotechnique generatrice de gaz propres, a faible teneur en oxyde d'azote, et pastilles d'une telle composition |
DE29806504U1 (de) * | 1998-04-08 | 1998-08-06 | TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG, 84544 Aschau | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung |
SE513315C2 (sv) | 1998-12-30 | 2000-08-21 | Nexplo Bofors Ab | Sätt att framställa gasbildare för gasdrivna bilsäkerhetsdetaljer och pyrotekiska gasbildare framställd i enlighet med sättet |
-
2000
- 2000-06-07 DE DE20010154U patent/DE20010154U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-06-01 EP EP01112894A patent/EP1162183B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-01 DE DE50113161T patent/DE50113161D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-06 US US09/875,526 patent/US6599380B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2063586A1 (de) * | 1969-12-26 | 1971-07-22 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) | Gasbildende Masse |
US4963203A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1990-10-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | High- and low-temperature-stable thermite composition for producing high-pressure, high-velocity gases |
US5700974A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-12-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Preparing consolidated thermite compositions |
DE19548544A1 (de) * | 1995-12-23 | 1997-06-26 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Initialsprengstoff-freie Anzündmischung |
DE19805976C1 (de) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-04-29 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Frühzündpulver für thermische Sicherungen für Airbag-Gasgeneratoren |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020033211A1 (en) | 2002-03-21 |
EP1162183B1 (de) | 2007-10-24 |
DE50113161D1 (de) | 2007-12-06 |
US6599380B2 (en) | 2003-07-29 |
DE20010154U1 (de) | 2000-09-07 |
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