EP1158562A1 - Tube radiogène à cathode plane - Google Patents

Tube radiogène à cathode plane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1158562A1
EP1158562A1 EP01000176A EP01000176A EP1158562A1 EP 1158562 A1 EP1158562 A1 EP 1158562A1 EP 01000176 A EP01000176 A EP 01000176A EP 01000176 A EP01000176 A EP 01000176A EP 1158562 A1 EP1158562 A1 EP 1158562A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electron emitter
ray tube
anode
electrode
electron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01000176A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1158562B1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Dr. Hess
Frank Demuth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Publication of EP1158562A1 publication Critical patent/EP1158562A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1158562B1 publication Critical patent/EP1158562B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/06—Cathodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/06—Cathodes
    • H01J35/064—Details of the emitter, e.g. material or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/06—Cathodes
    • H01J35/066—Details of electron optical components, e.g. cathode cups
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/14—Arrangements for concentrating, focusing, or directing the cathode ray
    • H01J35/147—Spot size control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/14—Arrangements for concentrating, focusing, or directing the cathode ray
    • H01J35/153—Spot position control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray tube with an anode and with a cathode arrangement the one cathode pot for electron focusing, a flat one with openings provided electron emitter and an electrode on the of the Anode facing away from the electron emitter is arranged.
  • Such X-ray tube is known from U.S. Patent 4,344,011.
  • the electrode emitter is flat, flat and meandering running metal band. Between the back and forth webs of this metal band there are breakthroughs.
  • the potential of the cathode pot compared to the electron emitter is variable, so that errors in the manufacturing process have no influence on the dimensions of the focal spot. If the potential at Cathode pot is positive by a certain amount than at the electron emitter Electrons from the side regions or from the back of the electron emitter reach the cathode pot and heat it up. Therefore, in one embodiment at a short distance from the electron emitter an electrode is provided, which is the back and shields the side areas of the electron emitter and their potential corresponds at least approximately to the potential of the electron emitter.
  • the object of the present invention is to design an X-ray tube of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the characteristic of the ideal surface emitter results at least approximately.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the electrode is provided for connection to a potential of such magnitude which is negative in the operating state of the X-ray tube with respect to the electron emitter that the electric field strength in the space between the electrode and the electron emitter is at least 20% - preferably at least 100% - the field strength on the side of the electron emitter facing the anode.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that in the known X-ray tube electric field reaches into the openings so that the equipotential lines on the the surface of the electron emitter facing the anode is drawn into the openings become. In the area of the breakthroughs, there are therefore electron trajectories deviate from that of an ideal flat emitter and prevent the characteristic of this ideal flat emitter can be achieved.
  • the fact that the electrode on the of the Back of the electron emitter facing away from the anode has a negative potential, the equipotential lines are pushed back out of the breakthroughs. With more suitable Choice of potential can be achieved that the equipotential surfaces on that of the anode facing front of the electron emitter are almost flat.
  • the electron orbits then run in a straight line and perpendicular to everywhere near the electron emitter its surface.
  • the electrosemitter can be located on a lower temperature, which extends its life.
  • Another advantage resulting from the invention is that the location and / or size of the Control focal spots more easily.
  • the electron emitter can also have a shape other than that of a meander (e.g. the shape of a spiral), but a meander is easier to manufacture.
  • a meander e.g. the shape of a spiral
  • By the configuration according to claim 3 becomes a better penetration of those on the back of the electron emitter Electrode reached to the front of the electron emitter. With the same The distance between the electron emitter and the electrode can be the electrical Tension between these parts can be reduced.
  • a preferred embodiment is specified in claim 4. Basically there is also one other shape possible, e.g. a curved shape of the electron emitter. In this case the electrode would have to be adapted to this curvature.
  • the better controllability of the location and / or the size of the focal spot can be achieved through the exploit measures specified in claim 6.
  • the dimensions of the focal spot can be varied continuously.
  • An x-ray device with an x-ray tube according to claim 1 is in claim 7 specified.
  • the embodiment according to claim 8 causes the bias of the Electrode as a function of the tube voltage (i.e. the voltage between the anode and cathode) varies so that in the area of the electron emitter the gives optimal field course.
  • the rotary anode X-ray tube shown in FIG. 1 has one in the operating state rotating anode disc 1 and a cathode arrangement 2.
  • the cathode arrangement 2 is connected to the metal housing 4 of the X-ray tube via an insulator 3.
  • the Anode 1 can be connected to the housing 4 via an insulator or the potential of the (grounded) housing.
  • the electrons emitted from the cathode meet in a focal spot on the anode and generate X-rays there through a Window 5 can leave the X-ray tube.
  • the X-ray tube shown in Fig. 1 is a rotating anode X-ray tube, as in medical examinations diagnostic examinations is used however the invention is also applicable to x-ray tubes with fixed anodes or x-ray tubes, that are used in the non-medical field.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cathode arrangement in a cross section.
  • You recognize one Cathode pot 201 which is provided with a die 202, which the focusing of the Serves electron beam.
  • FIG. 3 which clearly shows this slot, is located in the Slit a flat, flat electron emitter 203
  • the front side that is that of Anode 1 facing side
  • the Electron emitter has the shape of a meander, the individual webs of which are perpendicular to the 3 - and thus extend in the longitudinal direction of the slot 204.
  • the Breakthroughs between adjacent webs have a dimension of approx. 0.1 mm, while the width of the webs (that is the dimension in the vertical direction in the Plane) is approx. 0.2 mm.
  • the webs 203 can also be perpendicular to The longitudinal direction of the web 204 runs - similar to US Pat. No. 4,344,011 then make yourself easier.
  • the electron emitter 203 is by an im Operating condition heated by electrical current flowing through it, so that it Can emit electrons.
  • Fig. 4 provides a highly simplified, schematic block diagram of a X-ray device with the X-ray tube according to the invention Output of a first rectifier 91 connected to a DC voltage in the range supplies between 40 and 125 kV.
  • a second rectifier 92 at its positive Output connection of the electron emitter 203 and at its negative output connection Electrode 205 are connected, provides the negative bias voltage of a few kV the electrode 205 opposite the electron emitter 203.
  • a heating current source which The electron emitter heats up so that electrons can be emitted from it Not shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • the negative bias of the electrode 205 against the electron emitter 203 is now chosen so that on the front of the electron emitter - also in the Area of the breakthroughs between the webs - an approximately flat course of the Equipotential surfaces results.
  • the X-ray generator feeding the X-ray tube 100 can also have a different structure to have. It is essential that it is an (additional) DC voltage source for generation contains a DC voltage between electron emitter 203 and electrode 205, which is preferably proportional to the high voltage between the anode and cathode changes. (This condition is very simplified by the circuit shown in FIG. 4 with the primary winding 81 connected to an inverter Transformer 8, on the secondary windings 82 and 83, the rectifiers 91, 92 connected, only fulfilled with restrictions.)
  • the electrical field at the back of the Electron emitters be stronger than the front. How much stronger it has to be depends on the thickness of the webs (these are horizontal in the plane of Fig. 3) running dimensions), their width and their mutual distance.
  • One way to pass through the electrical generated by electrode 205 To improve the field on the front of the electron emitter is that Bevel the side surfaces of the individual webs of the electron emitter so that they are taper towards the electrode 203 or the openings widen towards the electrode.
  • FIGS. 5a to d The effect of the invention compared to other embodiments of a Electrode arrangement results from FIGS. 5a to d.
  • the representation in these figures is distorted in such a way that the scale for the vertical dimensions is awake is as large as the scale for the horizontal dimensions
  • Electron emitter 5a shows the electron trajectories in the case of a helically wound wire 203 'as Electron emitter (its cross section is elliptical due to the distorted representation appears). The course of the electron orbits depends on at which point of the Electron emitters which leak electrons. Despite focusing (not shown in detail) the electrons therefore meet in a comparatively large cross-section.
  • Fig. 5b are compared to the conditions for an ideal area emitter. All Electron orbits start perpendicular to the surface of the emitter until they are below the Hit the effect of a focusing field in a focal spot of minimal size.
  • 5c shows the conditions in a real meandering electron emitter.
  • the electron paths are curved, which despite the focusing leads to an enlargement of the focal spot (compared to the ideal surface emitter) leads.
  • the focal spot is significantly smaller than one helically wound electron emitter.
  • FIG. 5d shows the situation with the cathode arrangement according to the invention with a negatively biased electrode on the back of the meandering electron emitter.
  • the electrons are initially perpendicular to the electron emitter accelerating paths in order to then be focused in the focal spot.
  • the Ratios are not quite as favorable as in Fig. 5b, but significantly better than in flat, meandering emitter without the electrode (Fig. 5c).
  • the slot is with Provide protrusions 206 which are the edges of the electrode, the dimensions of which are larger than that of the electron emitter.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP01000176A 2000-05-24 2001-05-22 Tube radiogène à cathode plane Expired - Lifetime EP1158562B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10025807A DE10025807A1 (de) 2000-05-24 2000-05-24 Röntgenröhre mit Flachkathode
DE10025807 2000-05-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1158562A1 true EP1158562A1 (fr) 2001-11-28
EP1158562B1 EP1158562B1 (fr) 2008-08-13

Family

ID=7643462

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01000176A Expired - Lifetime EP1158562B1 (fr) 2000-05-24 2001-05-22 Tube radiogène à cathode plane

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6556656B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1158562B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002033063A (fr)
DE (2) DE10025807A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1296350B1 (fr) * 2001-09-19 2012-04-11 Rigaku Corporation Cathode chaude pour tube à rayons X

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6028190A (en) * 1994-02-01 2000-02-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Probes labeled with energy transfer coupled dyes
US6785359B2 (en) * 2002-07-30 2004-08-31 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc Cathode for high emission x-ray tube
DE10314537A1 (de) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-28 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Röntgenstrahlen
US7447298B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2008-11-04 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Decontamination and sterilization system using large area x-ray source
US7280636B2 (en) 2003-10-03 2007-10-09 Illinois Institute Of Technology Device and method for producing a spatially uniformly intense source of x-rays
CN103177919B (zh) * 2006-10-13 2016-12-28 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 电子光学设备、x射线发射装置及产生电子束的方法
CN105849851B (zh) * 2013-10-29 2017-10-24 万睿视影像有限公司 发射特点可调节以及磁性操控和聚焦的具有平面发射器的x射线管
DE102013225589B4 (de) 2013-12-11 2015-10-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Röntgenstrahler
US9865423B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2018-01-09 General Electric Company X-ray tube cathode with shaped emitter
GB2531326B (en) * 2014-10-16 2020-08-05 Adaptix Ltd An X-Ray emitter panel and a method of designing such an X-Ray emitter panel
US10991539B2 (en) * 2016-03-31 2021-04-27 Nano-X Imaging Ltd. X-ray tube and a conditioning method thereof
US10636608B2 (en) 2017-06-05 2020-04-28 General Electric Company Flat emitters with stress compensation features
EP3518266A1 (fr) 2018-01-30 2019-07-31 Siemens Healthcare GmbH Dispositif d'émission thermionique

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4344011A (en) * 1978-11-17 1982-08-10 Hitachi, Ltd. X-ray tubes
GB2183904A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-10 Raytheon Co Cathode focusing arrangement
US5633907A (en) * 1996-03-21 1997-05-27 General Electric Company X-ray tube electron beam formation and focusing

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4868842A (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-09-19 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. Cathode cup improvement
FR2633774B1 (fr) * 1988-07-01 1991-02-08 Gen Electric Cgr Tube a rayons x a foyer variable auto-adapte a la charge
US5007074A (en) * 1989-07-25 1991-04-09 Picker International, Inc. X-ray tube anode focusing by low voltage bias
DE3929888A1 (de) * 1989-09-08 1991-03-14 Philips Patentverwaltung Roentgengenerator zum betrieb einer roentgenroehre mit an masse angeschlossenen roehrenteilen
JP2713860B2 (ja) * 1994-04-26 1998-02-16 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Ｘ線管装置
DE19510048C2 (de) * 1995-03-20 1998-05-14 Siemens Ag Röntgenröhre
DE19639920C2 (de) * 1996-09-27 1999-08-26 Siemens Ag Röntgenröhre mit variablem Fokus
US6229876B1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-05-08 Kevex X-Ray, Inc. X-ray tube

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4344011A (en) * 1978-11-17 1982-08-10 Hitachi, Ltd. X-ray tubes
GB2183904A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-10 Raytheon Co Cathode focusing arrangement
US5633907A (en) * 1996-03-21 1997-05-27 General Electric Company X-ray tube electron beam formation and focusing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1296350B1 (fr) * 2001-09-19 2012-04-11 Rigaku Corporation Cathode chaude pour tube à rayons X

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1158562B1 (fr) 2008-08-13
JP2002033063A (ja) 2002-01-31
US6556656B2 (en) 2003-04-29
DE50114206D1 (de) 2008-09-25
US20020009179A1 (en) 2002-01-24
DE10025807A1 (de) 2001-11-29

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