EP1157203B1 - Injector for an injection system of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Injector for an injection system of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1157203B1 EP1157203B1 EP00910542A EP00910542A EP1157203B1 EP 1157203 B1 EP1157203 B1 EP 1157203B1 EP 00910542 A EP00910542 A EP 00910542A EP 00910542 A EP00910542 A EP 00910542A EP 1157203 B1 EP1157203 B1 EP 1157203B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injector
- actuator
- housing
- valve piston
- control unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
- F02M63/0035—Poppet valves, i.e. having a mushroom-shaped valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M2547/003—Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston
Definitions
- the invention relates to an injector for an injection system an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the claim 1 (see EP-A-262 539).
- Conventional injectors for fuel injection in Internal combustion engines are generally modular and consist of several parts arranged coaxially one above the other, such as an injector body and a control module, the mechanical connection of two axially adjacent Parts through a connecting element like an adapter sleeve, a double clamping nut or a welding sleeve.
- the attachment of the injector in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine is usually done by a so-called Clamping claw that fits the injector axially into a corresponding Press the mounting hole in the cylinder head, the Clamping claw rests on a cylindrical collar on the outside is integrally formed on the injector.
- cylindrical collar and the key surfaces are used in the known injectors either directly on the injector head or attached to a hollow cylindrical union nut, which the individual parts of the injector and on their top is connected to the injector head.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of an injector for an injection system of an internal combustion engine create in which the effort for manufacturing and assembly is reduced.
- the task is based on one of the above Injectors according to the preamble of claim 1, by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved.
- the invention includes the general technical teaching, to provide an essentially one-piece injector housing, that goes into the injector head at the top and at least the control unit picks up.
- the injector housing preferably takes but several modules of the injector open and clamped these axially against each other to provide a high pressure seal on the To create joints between neighboring modules.
- the common injector housing is advantageous reduces the number of high pressure sealing surfaces that could leak to the outside.
- the injector housing accommodates all components of the injector and connects with each other.
- the nozzle body at the bottom of the injector via a conventional clamping nut with the injector housing is screwed while the other components of the injector, such as the control unit, in the injector housing are accommodated.
- a separate Transmission lever for transmitting the actuating movement of the actuator dispenses with the valve piston by the actuator acts directly on the valve piston. This advantageously eliminates a component of the injector, whereby the manufacturing and Assembly effort is further reduced. Furthermore is achieved by dispensing with a conventional transmission lever the durability of the injector increases because of such Component problematic in terms of service life is.
- the contact surface between the actuator on the one hand and the Valve piston on the other hand is preferably so large that that due to the reduced surface pressure even with one Switching another liquid film between the actuator and the valve piston remains, which is a hydraulic Game compensation effects.
- the facing end faces actuator and / or valve piston are preferred convex shaped to tear off the liquid film the mechanical load during a switching operation avoid, however, the end faces can also completely be flat, what a simple length adjustment by measuring and grinding allowed.
- actuator and valve piston a spring arranged, which actuator and valve piston pushes apart in the axial direction and thus at rest the injector restores full play compensation.
- a spring advantageously allows also compensation for thermal expansion.
- valve piston of the Injector not directly in the injector housing, but stored in a separate valve housing that inside the injector housing is arranged.
- This has the advantage that the valve seat of the valve piston to be hardened is thus is in the valve housing and not in the injector housing, so that no expensive heat treatment of the entire injector housing is required.
- a continuous Leakage line dispensed by the central bore for the control elements in addition to the leakage return line from the nozzle up to the control unit.
- the leakage is then above the control unit continued via a separate leakage line, the Connection of the leakage line with the central bore preferably through a radial connecting bore.
- the injector according to the invention is preferably used in a common rail injection system used, however, the invention not limited to such an application, but basically can also be used with other types of injection systems.
- the injector shown in Figure 1 is modular and is used to inject fuel into a combustion chamber Internal combustion engine, being at the top of the injector as a component an injector head 1 is arranged, which on the Underside seamlessly into the common injector housing 2 passes so that the essential components of the injector mechanically fixed by the common injector housing 2 become.
- the injector head 1 enables the connection of a Injection line to the injector with a central injection system to connect that for all cylinders of the internal combustion engine provides the required injection pressure.
- the injector head 1 is chamfered on its upper side and provided with a screw connection 3 with an internal thread, which receives the end of the injection line.
- the injector head 1 has on its underside essentially cylindrical fuselage part on which below the bevel key surfaces 4 are molded together with a circumferential cylindrical collar 5 the engagement allow a clamping claw, which for simplification not is shown.
- the clamping claw presses axially on top of the circumferential collar 5, which makes the entire injector in a corresponding location hole in the cylinder head the internal combustion engine is pressed axially downwards, wherein between the lower face of the injector and the bottom surface a copper disc is arranged in the receiving bore, to seal the location hole.
- the Clamping claw laterally into the key surfaces 4 and prevents thus a twist of the injector when assembled around its longitudinal axis.
- the injector has a center on its top arranged cylindrical bore for receiving a Actuator 6, wherein in the lateral surface of the actuator 6 below two cylindrical circumferential grooves 7, 8 arranged one above the other are, the lower groove 8 in the assembled state receives an O-ring that the annular gap between seals the actuator 6 and the bore in the injector head 1.
- the upper groove 7, however, is in the assembled state a wire ring is arranged, the fastening via a banjo bolt of the actuator 6 in the injector head 1.
- the actuator 6 allows axial in a conventional manner Actuating movement to control fuel injection.
- the Actuator 6 acts here without the conventional injectors used mechanical links directly to one Valve piston 9.
- this offers the advantage that a component can be dispensed with, which means that the manufacturing and Assembly effort is reduced.
- the contact surface between the lower end face of the actuator 6 and the upper end face of the valve piston 9 essential in comparison to conventional injectors larger, which has the advantage that even when switching of the injector a film of liquid between the actuator 6 and the valve piston 9 remains, whereby a hydraulic Match compensation takes place.
- the lower face of the Actuator 6 is slightly convex, as shown in the figure 2 can be seen. This will tear off the liquid film due to those occurring during a switching operation mechanical loads on the contact surface between the Actuator 6 and the valve piston 9 prevented.
- the upper end face of the valve piston 9 accordingly be convex.
- a spring 10 is arranged, the actuator 6 and Valve piston 9 axially apart and thus at rest of the injector restores full axial play compensation.
- the spring 10 also allows compensation of thermal expansion of the individual components.
- a separate valve housing is used to guide the valve piston 9 11 inserted into the injector housing 2, which is the advantage offers that the valve seat to be hardened for the valve piston 9 in the valve housing 11 and not in the common Injector housing 2 is located, so that a complex heat treatment of the entire injector housing 2 for hardening the Valve seat can be dispensed with and only a hardening of the Valve housing 11 is required, which is much less is complex.
- a control unit is also located below the valve piston 9 12 arranged with a servo valve, the actuator 6 actuated the servo valve via the valve piston 9 and thus indirectly the position of a nozzle needle 21 in the guide bore 20 a nozzle 13 and thus controls the fuel flow, of the injector into the combustion chamber via a nozzle 13 Internal combustion engine is injected.
- the nozzle 13 is in the Drawing only shown schematically and can with the injector housing 2 connected via a conventional clamping nut are not shown in the drawing in order to maintain clarity.
- the injector shown has a special one advantageous form of leakage return on by instead one essentially over the entire length of the injector continuous additional leakage line an already existing central bore 14 in which a piston 22 axially is slidably arranged, which acts on the nozzle needle 21, is used for the leakage return line. hereby the manufacturing cost of the illustrated invention Injector further reduced.
- the injector shown also has an axially extending leakage line 15 on, but this only extends from above to below the control unit 12, where the leakage line 15 then into the central bore 14 opens.
- the connection of the leakage line 15 with the central bore 14 takes place here a radial bore 16 located at the mouth of the Leakage line 15 from the outer surface of the injector housing 2 extends inwards to the central bore 14, wherein the leakage line 15 is cut to the entry of leakage fluid from the central bore Allow 14 in the leakage line 15.
- a radially from the lateral surface of the injector housing 2 internal bore 16 does require sealing the outer mouth opening by a ball 17, however manufacturing technology much easier than other constructive Possibilities of the leakage line 15 in the central To let bore 14 open.
- control unit 12 When assembling the injector, the control unit 12 is also used the servo valve, the valve housing 11 and the valve piston 9 pushed into the injector housing 2. Then then the axial position of the valve piston 9 relative to the actuator 6 set by the length of the valve piston 9 for example is adjusted by measuring and grinding.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Injektor für eine Einspritzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (siehe EP-A-262 539).The invention relates to an injector for an injection system an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the claim 1 (see EP-A-262 539).
Herkömmliche Injektoren für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung in Brennkraftmaschinen sind in der Regel modular aufgebaut und bestehen aus mehreren, koaxial übereinander angeordneten Teilen, wie beispielsweise einem Injektorkörper und einem Steuermodul, wobei die mechanische Verbindung zweier axial benachbarter Teile durch ein Verbindungselement wie eine Spannhülse, eine Doppelspannmutter oder eine Schweißhülse erfolgt.Conventional injectors for fuel injection in Internal combustion engines are generally modular and consist of several parts arranged coaxially one above the other, such as an injector body and a control module, the mechanical connection of two axially adjacent Parts through a connecting element like an adapter sleeve, a double clamping nut or a welding sleeve.
Die Befestigung des Injektors in dem Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine erfolgt üblicherweise durch eine sogenannte Spannpratze, die den Injektor axial in eine entsprechende Aufnahmebohrung in dem Zylinderkopf hineindrückt, wobei die Spannpratze auf einem zylindrischen Bund aufliegt, der außen an dem Injektor umlaufend angeformt ist.The attachment of the injector in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine is usually done by a so-called Clamping claw that fits the injector axially into a corresponding Press the mounting hole in the cylinder head, the Clamping claw rests on a cylindrical collar on the outside is integrally formed on the injector.
Darüber hinaus sind an der Mantelfläche des Injektors Schlüsselflächen angeformt, in welche die Spannpratze eingreift, wodurch eine Verdrehung des Injektors um seine Längsachse verhindert wird.In addition, there are key surfaces on the lateral surface of the injector molded into which the clamping claw engages, causing the injector to rotate about its longitudinal axis is prevented.
Der zylindrische Bund und die Schlüsselflächen werden bei den bekannten Injektoren entweder direkt an dem Injektorkopf oder an einer hohlzylindrischen Überwurfmutter befestigt, welche die einzelnen Teile des Injektors aufnimmt und an ihrer Oberseite mit dem Injektorkopf verbunden ist.The cylindrical collar and the key surfaces are used in the known injectors either directly on the injector head or attached to a hollow cylindrical union nut, which the individual parts of the injector and on their top is connected to the injector head.
Nachteilig ist an den vorstehend beschriebenen Injektoren jedoch die Vielzahl der Teile, wodurch die Fertigung und Montage des Injektors relativ aufwendig ist. A disadvantage of the injectors described above, however the variety of parts, which makes the manufacturing and assembly the injector is relatively expensive.
Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Injektor für eine Einspritzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, bei dem der Aufwand für die Fertigung und Montage verringert ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of an injector for an injection system of an internal combustion engine create in which the effort for manufacturing and assembly is reduced.
Die Aufgabe wird, ausgehend von einem der eingangs beschriebenen Injektoren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The task is based on one of the above Injectors according to the preamble of claim 1, by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved.
Die Erfindung schließt die allgemeine technische Lehre ein, ein im wesentlichen einstückig geformtes Injektorgehäuse vorzusehen, das oben in den Injektorkopf übergeht und zumindest die Steuereinheit aufnimmt. Vorzugsweise nimmt das Injektorgehäuse aber mehrere Module des Injektors auf und verspannt diese axial gegeneinander, um eine Hochdruckabdichtung an den Stoßstellen benachbarter Module zu bewirken.The invention includes the general technical teaching, to provide an essentially one-piece injector housing, that goes into the injector head at the top and at least the control unit picks up. The injector housing preferably takes but several modules of the injector open and clamped these axially against each other to provide a high pressure seal on the To create joints between neighboring modules.
Durch die Verwendung eines gemeinsamen Gehäuses für die wesentlichen Bauteile des Injektors kann vorteilhaft auf separate Verbindungsmittel wie Spannhülsen, Doppelspannmuttern oder Schweißhülsen zur Verbindung der einzelnen Teile verzichtet werden, da die einzelnen Teile des Injektors bereits durch das gemeinsame Gehäuse mechanisch fixiert werden.By using a common housing for the essential Components of the injector can be advantageous on separate Lanyards such as clamping sleeves, double clamping nuts or welding sleeves to connect the individual parts as the individual parts of the injector already mechanically fixed by the common housing.
Darüber hinaus wird durch das gemeinsame Injektorgehäuse vorteilhaft die Zahl der Hochdruckdichtflächen reduziert, die nach außen hin undicht werden könnten.In addition, the common injector housing is advantageous reduces the number of high pressure sealing surfaces that could leak to the outside.
Es ist jedoch im Rahmen der Erfindung nicht erforderlich, daß das Injektorgehäuse sämtliche Bauteile des Injektors aufnimmt und miteinander verbindet. So ist es beispielsweise auch möglich, daß der Düsenkörper an der Unterseite des Injektors über eine herkömmliche Spannmutter mit dem Injektorgehäuse verschraubt wird, während die übrigen Bauteile des Injektors, wie beispielsweise die Steuereinheit, in dem Injektorgehäuse untergebracht sind. However, it is not necessary within the scope of the invention that the injector housing accommodates all components of the injector and connects with each other. For example, it is also possible that the nozzle body at the bottom of the injector via a conventional clamping nut with the injector housing is screwed while the other components of the injector, such as the control unit, in the injector housing are accommodated.
In einer Variante der Erfindung wird auf einen separaten Übertragungshebel zur Übertragung der Stellbewegung des Aktuators auf den Ventilkolben verzichtet, indem der Aktuator direkt auf den Ventilkolben wirkt. Hierdurch entfällt vorteilhaft ein Bauteil des Injektors, wodurch der Fertigungsund Montageaufwand weiter verringert wird. Darüber hinaus wird durch den Verzicht auf einen herkömmlichen Übertragungshebel die Dauerhaltbarkeit des Injektors erhöht, da ein derartiges Bauteil hinsichtlich der Lebensdauer problematisch ist.In a variant of the invention, a separate Transmission lever for transmitting the actuating movement of the actuator dispenses with the valve piston by the actuator acts directly on the valve piston. This advantageously eliminates a component of the injector, whereby the manufacturing and Assembly effort is further reduced. Furthermore is achieved by dispensing with a conventional transmission lever the durability of the injector increases because of such Component problematic in terms of service life is.
Die Anlagefläche zwischen dem Aktuator einerseits und dem Ventilkolben andererseits ist hierbei vorzugsweise so groß, daß aufgrund der verringerten Flächenpressung auch bei einem Schaltvorgang noch ein Flüssigkeitsfilm zwischen dem Aktuator und dem Ventilkolben bestehen bleibt, was einen hydraulischen Spielausgleich bewirkt. Die einander zugewandten Stirnflächen von Aktuator und/oder Ventilkolben sind hierbei vorzugsweise konvex geformt, um ein Abreißen des Flüssigkeitsfilms aufgrund der mechanischen Belastung bei einem Schaltvorgang zu vermeiden, jedoch können die Stirnflächen auch vollständig plan sein, was eine einfache Längenjustierung durch Messen und Abschleifen erlaubt.The contact surface between the actuator on the one hand and the Valve piston on the other hand is preferably so large that that due to the reduced surface pressure even with one Switching another liquid film between the actuator and the valve piston remains, which is a hydraulic Game compensation effects. The facing end faces actuator and / or valve piston are preferred convex shaped to tear off the liquid film the mechanical load during a switching operation avoid, however, the end faces can also completely be flat, what a simple length adjustment by measuring and grinding allowed.
Zwischen dem Aktuator und dem Ventilkolben ist hierbei vorzugsweise eine Feder angeordnet, welche Aktuator und Ventilkolben in axialer Richtung auseinanderdrückt und somit im Ruhezustand des Injektors wieder den vollen Spielausgleich herstellt. Darüber hinaus erlaubt eine derartige Feder vorteilhaft auch eine Kompensation von Wärmedehnungen.It is preferred here between the actuator and the valve piston a spring arranged, which actuator and valve piston pushes apart in the axial direction and thus at rest the injector restores full play compensation. In addition, such a spring advantageously allows also compensation for thermal expansion.
Gemäß einer Variante der Erfindung wird der Ventilkolben des Injektors nicht direkt in dem Injektorgehäuse geführt, sondern in einem separaten Ventilgehäuse gelagert, das innerhalb des Injektorgehäuses angeordnet ist. Dies bietet den Vorteil, daß sich der zu härtende Ventilsitz des Ventilkolbens somit in dem Ventilgehäuse und nicht in dem Injektorgehäuse befindet, so daß keine aufwendige Wärmebehandlung des gesamten Injektorgehäuses erforderlich ist.According to a variant of the invention, the valve piston of the Injector not directly in the injector housing, but stored in a separate valve housing that inside the injector housing is arranged. This has the advantage that the valve seat of the valve piston to be hardened is thus is in the valve housing and not in the injector housing, so that no expensive heat treatment of the entire injector housing is required.
In einer anderen Variante der Erfindung wird auf eine durchgehende Leckageleitung verzichtet, indem die zentrische Bohrung für die Steuerglieder zusätzlich zur Leckagerückleitung von der Düse bis hinauf zur Steuereinheit verwendet wird. Hierdurch wird der Fertigungsaufwand für den Injektor weiter verringert. Oberhalb der Steuereinheit wird die Leckage dann über eine separate Leckageleitung weitergeführt, wobei die Verbindung der Leckageleitung mit der zentrischen Bohrung vorzugsweise durch eine radiale Verbindungsbohrung erfolgt.In another variant of the invention, a continuous Leakage line dispensed by the central bore for the control elements in addition to the leakage return line from the nozzle up to the control unit. As a result, the manufacturing effort for the injector continues reduced. The leakage is then above the control unit continued via a separate leakage line, the Connection of the leakage line with the central bore preferably through a radial connecting bore.
Der erfindungsgemäße Injektor wird vorzugsweise in einer Common-Rail-Einspritzanlage verwendet, jedoch ist die Erfindung nicht auf einen derartigen Einsatz beschränkt, sondern grundsätzlich auch bei anderen Arten von Einspritzanlagen verwendbar.The injector according to the invention is preferably used in a common rail injection system used, however, the invention not limited to such an application, but basically can also be used with other types of injection systems.
Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- als bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung den Kopfbereich eines Injektors in einer Querschnittsdarstellung sowie
Figur 2- eine Detailansicht der Kontaktstelle zwischen dem Aktuator und dem Ventilkolben des in Figur 1 dargestellten Injektors im Querschnitt.
- Figure 1
- as a preferred embodiment of the invention, the head area of an injector in a cross-sectional view and
- Figure 2
- a detailed view of the contact point between the actuator and the valve piston of the injector shown in Figure 1 in cross section.
Der in Figur 1 gezeigte Injektor ist modular aufgebaut und
dient zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer
Brennkraftmaschine, wobei an der Oberseite des Injektors
als ein Bauteil ein Injektorkopf 1 angeordnet ist, der an der
Unterseite ansatzlos in das gemeinsame Injektorgehäuse 2
übergeht, so daß die wesentlichen Bauteile des Injektors
durch das gemeinsame Injektorgehäuse 2 mechanisch fixiert
werden.The injector shown in Figure 1 is modular and
is used to inject fuel into a combustion chamber
Internal combustion engine, being at the top of the injector
as a component an injector head 1 is arranged, which on the
Underside seamlessly into the
Zum einen ermöglicht der Injektorkopf 1 den Anschluß einer Einspritzleitung, um den Injektor mit einer zentralen Einspritzanlage zu verbinden, die für alle Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine den erforderlichen Einspritzdruck bereitstellt. Hierzu ist der Injektorkopf 1 an seiner Oberseite abgeschrägt und mit einem Schraubanschluß 3 mit einem Innengewinde versehen, welches das Endstück der Einspritzleitung aufnimmt.On the one hand, the injector head 1 enables the connection of a Injection line to the injector with a central injection system to connect that for all cylinders of the internal combustion engine provides the required injection pressure. For this purpose, the injector head 1 is chamfered on its upper side and provided with a screw connection 3 with an internal thread, which receives the end of the injection line.
Zum anderen weist der Injektorkopf 1 an seiner Unterseite ein
im wesentlichen zylindrisches Rumpfteil auf, an dem unterhalb
der Abschrägung Schlüsselflächen 4 angeformt sind, die zusammen
mit einem umlaufenden zylindrischen Bund 5 den Eingriff
einer Spannpratze ermöglichen, die zur Vereinfachung nicht
dargestellt ist. Einerseits drückt die Spannpratze axial von
oben auf den umlaufenden Bund 5, wodurch der gesamte Injektor
in einer entsprechenden Aufnahmebohrung in dem Zylinderkopf
der Brennkraftmaschine axial nach unten gedrückt wird, wobei
zwischen der unteren Stirnfläche des Injektors und der Bodenfläche
der Aufnahmebohrung eine Kupferscheibe angeordnet ist,
um die Aufnahmebohrung abzudichten. Andererseits greift die
Spannpratze seitlich in die Schlüsselflächen 4 ein und verhindert
somit im montierten Zustand eine Verdrehung des Injektors
um seine Längsachse.On the other hand, the injector head 1 has on its underside
essentially cylindrical fuselage part on which below
the bevel key surfaces 4 are molded together
with a circumferential
Weiterhin weist der Injektor an seiner Oberseite eine zentrisch
angeordnete zylindrische Bohrung zur Aufnahme eines
Aktuators 6 auf, wobei in der Mantelfläche des Aktuators 6
unten zwei zylindrisch umlaufende Nuten 7, 8 übereinander angeordnet
sind, wobei die untere Nut 8 im montierten Zustand
einen O-Ring aufnimmt, der den ringförmigen Spalt zwischen
dem Aktuator 6 und der Bohrung in dem Injektorkopf 1 abdichtet.
In der oberen Nut 7 ist dagegen im montierten Zustand
ein Drahtring angeordnet, der über eine Hohlschraube eine Befestigung
des Aktuators 6 in dem Injektorkopf 1 ermöglicht.
Der Aktuator 6 ermöglicht in herkömmlicher Weise eine axiale
Stellbewegung, um die Kraftstoffeinspritzung zu steuern. Der
Aktuator 6 wirkt hierbei ohne die bei herkömmlichen Injektoren
verwendeten mechanischen Zwischenglieder direkt auf einen
Ventilkolben 9. Dies bietet zum einen den Vorteil, daß auf
ein Bauteil verzichtet werden kann, wodurch der Fertigungsund
Montageaufwand verringert wird. Zum anderen wird dadurch
die Lebensdauer und Zuverlässigkeit des Injektors erhöht, da
die herkömmlicherweise verwendeten Übertragungshebel hinsichtlich
der Lebensdauer problematisch sind.Furthermore, the injector has a center on its top
arranged cylindrical bore for receiving a
Die Anlagefläche zwischen der unteren Stirnfläche des Aktuators
6 und der oberen Stirnfläche des Ventilkolbens 9 ist
hierbei im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Injektoren wesentlich
größer, was den Vorteil bietet, daß auch bei einem Schaltvorgang
des Injektors ein Flüssigkeitsfilm zwischen dem Aktuator
6 und dem Ventilkolben 9 bestehen bleibt, wodurch ein hydraulischer
Spielausgleich erfolgt. Die untere Stirnfläche des
Aktuators 6 ist hierbei leicht konvex geformt, wie aus Figur
2 ersichtlich ist. Dadurch wird ein Abreißen des Flüssigkeitsfilms
aufgrund der bei einem Schaltvorgang auftretenden
mechanischen Belastungen an der Kontaktfläche zwischen dem
Aktuator 6 und dem Ventilkolben 9 verhindert. Alternativ dazu
kann auch die obere Stirnfläche des Ventilkolbens 9 entsprechend
konvex geformt sein.The contact surface between the lower end face of the
Darüber hinaus ist zwischen dem Aktuator 6 und dem Ventilkolben
9 eine Feder 10 angeordnet, die den Aktuator 6 und den
Ventilkolben 9 axial auseinanderdrückt und somit im Ruhezustand
des Injektors den vollen axialen Spielausgleich wiederherstellt.
Darüber hinaus erlaubt die Feder 10 auch eine Kompensation
von Wärmedehnungen der einzelnen Bauteile.In addition, there is between the
Zur Führung des Ventilkolbens 9 ist ein separates Ventilgehäuse
11 in das Injektorgehäuse 2 eingesetzt, was den Vorteil
bietet, daß sich der zu härtende Ventilsitz für den Ventilkolben
9 in dem Ventilgehäuse 11 und nicht in dem gemeinsamen
Injektorgehäuse 2 befindet, so daß auf eine aufwendige Wärmebehandlung
des gesamten Injektorgehäuses 2 zur Härtung des
Ventilsitzes verzichtet werden kann und nur eine Härtung des
Ventilgehäuses 11 erforderlich ist, was wesentlich weniger
aufwendig ist.A separate valve housing is used to guide the
Unterhalb des Ventilkolbens 9 ist weiterhin eine Steuereinheit
12 mit einem Servoventil angeordnet, wobei der Aktuator
6 über den Ventilkolben 9 das Servoventil betätigt und damit
indirekt die Position einer Düsennadel 21 in der Führungsbohrung
20 einer Düse 13 und somit den Kraftstoffstrom steuert,
der über eine Düse 13 des Injektors in den Brennraum der
Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Die Düse 13 ist in der
Zeichnung nur schematisch dargestellt und kann mit dem Injektorgehäuse
2 über eine herkömmliche Spannmutter verbunden
werden, auf deren Darstellung in der Zeichnung verzichtet
wurde, um die Übersichtlichkeit zu wahren.A control unit is also located below the
Schließlich weist der dargestellte Injektor eine besonders
vorteilhafte Form der Leckagerückleitung auf, indem anstelle
einer im wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge des Injektors
durchgehenden zusätzlichen Leckageleitung eine ohnehin vorhandene
zentrische Bohrung 14, in der ein Kolben 22 axial
verschiebbar angeordnet ist, der die Düsennadel 21 beaufschlagt,
für die Leckagerückleitung verwendet wird. Hierdurch
wird der Fertigungsaufwand des dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen
Injektors weiter verringert. Der dargestellte Injektor
weist zwar ebenfalls eine axial verlaufende Leckageleitung 15
auf, jedoch erstreckt sich diese von oben nur bis unterhalb
der Steuereinheit 12, wo die Leckageleitung 15 dann in die
zentrische Bohrung 14 mündet. Die Verbindung der Leckageleitung
15 mit der zentrischen Bohrung 14 erfolgt hierbei durch
eine radiale Bohrung 16, die sich an der Mündungsstelle der
Leckageleitung 15 von der äußeren Mantelfläche des Injektorgehäuse
2 bis nach innen zu der zentrischen Bohrung 14 erstreckt,
wobei die Leckageleitung 15 angeschnitten wird, um
den Eintritt von Leckageflüssigkeit aus der zentrischen Bohrung
14 in die Leckageleitung 15 zu ermöglichen. Eine derartige,
radial von der Mantelfläche des Injektorgehäuses 2 nach
innen verlaufende Bohrung 16 erfordert zwar eine Abdichtung
der äußeren Mündungsöffnung durch eine Kugel 17, ist jedoch
fertigungstechnisch wesentlich einfacher als andere konstruktive
Möglichkeiten, die Leckageleitung 15 in die zentrische
Bohrung 14 münden zu lassen.Finally, the injector shown has a special one
advantageous form of leakage return on by instead
one essentially over the entire length of the injector
continuous additional leakage line an already existing
Bei der Montage des Injektors wird die Steuereinheit 12 mit
dem Servoventil, dem Ventilgehäuse 11 und dem Ventilkolben 9
in das Injektorgehäuse 2 hineingeschoben. Daraufhin wird dann
die axiale Lage des Ventilkolbens 9 relativ zu dem Aktuator 6
eingestellt, indem die Länge des Ventilkolbens 9 beispielsweise
durch Messen und Schleifen angepaßt wird.When assembling the injector, the
Claims (9)
- Injector for an injection unit of an internal combustion engine, with an injector head (1), a nozzle (13) to inject fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, a control unit (12) to control the passage of fuel from the injector head (1) to the nozzle (13) and an actuator (6) for the mechanical activation of the control unit (12) to control fuel injection, whereby at the injector head (1) an injector housing (2) comprises a single part, which holds the control unit (12) as a minimum and whereby the actuator (6) acts directly on a valve piston (9), characterised in that the contact surface between the actuator (6) and the valve piston (9) is so large that a fluid film remains between the contact surfaces of the actuator (6) and the valve piston (9) during a switching process.
- Injector according to Claim 1, characterised in that the surfaces of the actuator (6) and/or the valve piston (9) facing each other are slightly convex in form, to prevent removal of the fluid film.
- Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a spring (10) is mounted between the actuator (6) and the valve piston (9).
- Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the valve piston (9) is mounted in a separate valve housing (11) inside the injector housing (2), so that thermal treatment of the injector housing (2) otherwise required to harden the valve seat becomes superfluous.
- Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a circumferential collar (5) is formed externally on the sleeve surface of the injector housing (2), which collar (5) is used as a base for a tensioning claw, to hold the injector axially in a recess in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
- Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that key surfaces (4) are formed externally on the sleeve surface of the injector housing (2) to engage a tensioning claw, to prevent twisting of the injector when assembled.
- Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an essentially axial leakage line (15) is provided, which discharges below the control unit (12) into a centric hole (14), which is used to hold a control bar and for return leakage.
- Injector according to Claim 7, characterised in that an essentially radial hole (16) is located in the injector housing (2), which runs from outside to the centric hole (14) at the discharge point of the leakage line (14), to connect the leakage line (15) to the centric hole (14), whereby the external discharge opening of the radial hole (16) is closed when assembled.
- Injector according to Claim 8, characterised in that the external discharge opening of the radial hole (16) is closed by a sphere (17) when assembled.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19907544A DE19907544C2 (en) | 1999-02-22 | 1999-02-22 | Injector for an injection system of an internal combustion engine |
DE19907544 | 1999-02-22 | ||
PCT/DE2000/000469 WO2000050761A1 (en) | 1999-02-22 | 2000-02-18 | Injector for an injection system of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1157203A1 EP1157203A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
EP1157203B1 true EP1157203B1 (en) | 2002-10-23 |
Family
ID=7898419
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00910542A Expired - Lifetime EP1157203B1 (en) | 1999-02-22 | 2000-02-18 | Injector for an injection system of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6561435B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1157203B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19907544C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000050761A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10038301A1 (en) * | 2000-08-05 | 2002-02-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
DE10111783B4 (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2005-10-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | injection |
DE10131953A1 (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-23 | Siemens Ag | Control module for an injector of a storage injection system |
ITBO20020497A1 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-01-30 | Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa | FUEL INJECTOR FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH HYDRAULIC PIN ACTUATION |
DE10240442C1 (en) * | 2002-09-02 | 2003-12-24 | Siemens Ag | Fuel injector with a control valve |
DE10338081A1 (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
DE102007042466B3 (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2009-04-09 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Injection system with reduced switching leakage and method of manufacturing an injection system |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2445269A (en) * | 1939-03-01 | 1948-07-13 | Ex Cell O Corp | Combined injector nozzle and filter |
BE554051A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | |||
US4408718A (en) * | 1981-09-25 | 1983-10-11 | General Motors Corporation | Electromagnetic unit fuel injector |
ATE98340T1 (en) * | 1986-09-25 | 1993-12-15 | Ganser Hydromag | ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED INJECTION SYSTEM. |
US5033442A (en) * | 1989-01-19 | 1991-07-23 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Fuel injector with multiple variable timing |
US5127584A (en) * | 1991-05-06 | 1992-07-07 | General Motors Corporation | Fuel injection nozzle |
CH686845A5 (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1996-07-15 | Ganser Hydromag | Control arrangement for an injection valve for internal combustion engines. |
DE9407079U1 (en) * | 1993-08-03 | 1994-12-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart | Fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine |
DE4341546A1 (en) * | 1993-12-07 | 1995-06-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines |
DE4423657C2 (en) * | 1994-07-06 | 1997-10-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Actuating device for an engine brake valve of an internal combustion engine |
GB9520243D0 (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 1995-12-06 | Lucas Ind Plc | Injector |
JP3687758B2 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 2005-08-24 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection device |
US5779149A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1998-07-14 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Piezoelectric controlled common rail injector with hydraulic amplification of piezoelectric stroke |
DE19634105A1 (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1998-01-15 | Daimler Benz Ag | Injection valve for internal combustion engines |
DE19650900A1 (en) * | 1996-12-07 | 1998-06-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Piezoelectric actuator |
DE19802495A1 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1998-12-24 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Liquid control valve |
DE19816316A1 (en) * | 1998-04-11 | 1999-10-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines |
-
1999
- 1999-02-22 DE DE19907544A patent/DE19907544C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-02-18 EP EP00910542A patent/EP1157203B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-18 DE DE50000680T patent/DE50000680D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-18 WO PCT/DE2000/000469 patent/WO2000050761A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2001
- 2001-08-06 US US09/922,896 patent/US6561435B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50000680D1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
WO2000050761A1 (en) | 2000-08-31 |
US6561435B2 (en) | 2003-05-13 |
US20010054652A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
DE19907544A1 (en) | 2000-08-31 |
EP1157203A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
DE19907544C2 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
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