EP1135226B1 - Verbundgussteil und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Verbundgussteil und verfahren zu seiner herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1135226B1 EP1135226B1 EP99964403A EP99964403A EP1135226B1 EP 1135226 B1 EP1135226 B1 EP 1135226B1 EP 99964403 A EP99964403 A EP 99964403A EP 99964403 A EP99964403 A EP 99964403A EP 1135226 B1 EP1135226 B1 EP 1135226B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- insert part
- insert
- composite casting
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/02—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
Definitions
- the invention relates to a composite casting with a metallic matrix and at least one In the matrix located, purely metallic, melt metallurgically produced insert, wherein the at least one insert at least partially an open-pore sponge structure and the pores of the insert substantially completely of the material of the matrix are filled.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a Composite casting of the aforementioned type, wherein the material of the matrix by casting in the Insert is introduced.
- the sponge structure of the insert consists essentially of statistically in space distributed ridges converging at junctions. Especially in relation to Volume very large surface of the insert as well as the good heat transfer between the Allow insert and the liquefied matrix material when pouring the insert an intensive material connection between insert and matrix. But even without material Connection can in the case of pure positive connection due to the variety of webs and the small pore size ensures a stable anchoring of the insert in the matrix become.
- the use of the porous sponge structures allows in particular the use high-strength metal alloys as material for the insert.
- the inserts can be used in almost can be made of any shapes and therefore hardly limit the possible forms of Verbundgußmaschine. With the insert, the properties of the composite casting in desired way to be influenced.
- the statistical distribution of the webs of the insert in Space causes the influence of the insert designed independently of spatial directions can be, so for example, an isotropic material reinforcement can be achieved.
- the finely branched open-pored sponge structure contributes significantly to the fact that the matrix material makes an intimate connection with her without the insert preheated or would have to be coated. This behavior is also to be reinforced with thin-walled Ensures composite castings.
- the volume fraction of the insert on the composite casting can from 3% to 95%.
- the composite casting may be advantageous for the production of Grate bars, shredder hammers, grinding plates, sliding bushes, bearing shells, machine guides and the like can be used.
- a composite casting of the aforementioned type and a method for its production is known from DE 34 18 405 A1, where the matrix material consists of an aluminum alloy.
- the molten matrix material is at a pressure of at least 392 bar and kept at a temperature of about 450 to 550 ° C for 1 to 10 hours.
- JP 06 106 329 Patent Abstracts of Japan Vol 018, No. 380
- a composite casting of mentioned type and a method for its production in which also the matrix material is poured under high pressure into the cells of the porous insert.
- a composite casting with metallic matrix and at least one in the matrix, purely metallic insert produced by fusion metallurgy is known from EP 0 419 684 A1 known. It discloses a casting provided as a friction element of a friction pair, in which the insert is a three-dimensional framework of wear-resistant material, which is arranged at least in the zone of the friction surface. The friction surface has a regular micro-relief, which projects through the matrix and over its surface Front end of the framework is formed.
- the scaffolding can be under be formed in the form of a cell structure or a corrugated tape. It is discloses to make these structures by forming massive metal bands. Especially at the cell structure is this approach, especially in the case of cell sizes in the Order of magnitude of a few millimeters, very expensive. Brittle and high-strength metals or Metal alloys are not suitable for this purpose.
- composite castings are known (DE 42 11 199 A1), in which the insert from consists of perforated metal sheets enclosed hard metal balls or hard particles. From such sheets can also by setting welds a so-called alloy box, Contains the hard particles, made as an insert and cast around.
- carrier cores and perforated sheets has the particular disadvantage that the contour of the composite casting is not or only consuming can be displayed as desired and built the inserts of several items and need to be connected to each other.
- porous, open-pore metallic sponge structures are known. It is disclosed, these structures for producing an implant as a bone substitute or also within filters. Such a structure is further from DE 28 43 316 A1 in which it is disclosed, these for heat exchangers, mixers or separators for liquids and / or gases, sound absorbing or insulating material, damper material, catalysts, Flame extinguishing materials, wick materials for heat pipes, decorating materials, etc. use.
- the use of such structures within composite castings is of the foregoing Publications neither known nor suggested.
- metal foams are known (J. Banhart et al., Aluminum 1994 3/4, p a mixture of a metal powder are prepared with a blowing agent. The pressed and in a desired form brought mixture is for this purpose to a temperature above the Melting point of the metal brought. In this case, the propellant releases a gas, causing the Foam structure of the material is formed.
- the foam structure is characterized in contrast to Sponge structure through closed pores. The located within the foam body Pores can thus not form a composite material by another material be filled.
- the described prior art has the disadvantage that it is between the material of Matrix and the material of the insert to voltages, e.g. due to different Thermal expansion coefficient can come, which adversely affects the properties of Composite or even damage it.
- the present invention is based on the object of a composite casting of the aforementioned To provide a type in which stresses between the material of the matrix and the material of the at least one insert can be minimized, and a method for his To perform production.
- This object is achieved in a composite casting of the type mentioned in that the transitions between the material of the at least one insert and the material of the Matrix are graded substantially steadily.
- Various combinations of metals or metal alloys essentially allow one continuous transition from the matrix material to the material of the insert, i. from a footbridge of Initially inserting an insert of alloy material and closes Matrix material, in which with increasing distance to the bridge, the concentration of the Matrix material increases until the latter is present in substantially pure form. This can be the case suitable temperature and amount of einzug manenden material alone by the Casting arise.
- a gradation of the transitions could be, for example, by a brief melting of the Einlegeteilober Assembly when pouring the matrix material be achieved.
- the strength of the graded transition can be controlled by tempering the Insertion and / or a control of the cooling of the freshly cast composite casting to be influenced.
- a graded matrix transition is ensured together with, if necessary small pore sizes of a few millimeters or less, that stresses for example be minimized due to different thermal expansion coefficients.
- the composite casting according to the invention can also be designed so that the Melting temperature of the matrix material, the melting temperature of the material of at least exceeds an insert. It is a surprising effect that even with a share of Matrix material up to 95Vol% in the area of the sponge structure and at Melting temperature differences up to 200 ° C, the insert is not when pouring with the Matrix material is melted. Possibly form during the pouring of the Insert part due to the high temperature differences by deterrent protective Trays of the matrix material around the bars around. Anyhow, show microscopic Grinding analyzes the stock of the webs in the finished composite casting also in the above-mentioned Material and quantity combinations.
- the composite casting according to the invention can also be designed so that the at least one Inserted at least in some areas the surface of the composite casting interspersed. This may be particularly advantageous if primarily the surface of the composite casting is exposed to increased stress.
- the composite casting according to the invention may be designed so that the at least an insert is arranged near the surface, at least in some areas, wherein the overlying Surface is formed solely by the material of the matrix Matrix material, the material of the insert, for example, against harmful influences environment, for example, corrosion. It may be useful by the Insertion alone to influence the near - surface areas in their properties, for Example to increase the rigidity of the material, if on the surface itself the properties of the matrix material are needed.
- the composite casting according to the invention may also be advantageous to form the composite casting according to the invention such that the at least one insert made of a wear-resistant metal or a wear-resistant metal alloy and the matrix of a metal ductile to the at least one insert or a ductile metal alloy.
- the composite casting on the one hand has a certain ductility
- the structures the insert has a high wear resistance of the composite casting surface, for example at abrasive stress or when used under high temperatures or strong Temperature changes, ensure.
- any other combination of properties can be selected be, for example, an insert made of a soft metal, such as nickel or Copper, and the matrix of a hard material, such as wear-resistant steel.
- An insert made of a hard metal, for example stellite, can also be used with a hard matrix, For example, made of wear-resistant or heat-resistant steel.
- the Choice of related materials for the insert and the matrix can be used for encapsulating the Sponge structure be very beneficial.
- the composite casting according to the invention can advantageously also be designed so that the at least an insert is positioned alone in certain areas of the composite casting.
- the Composite material can be limited solely to particularly stressed areas of the composite casting, For example, on a region with a friction surface. This can cost and Process costs are reduced.
- composite casting according to the invention can also be designed so that the insert partly massive.
- the composite casting according to the invention can also be designed so that at least one area formed by a portion of the insert increased area Wear resistance is provided, in which in the insert the pore size on average smaller and / or the web thickness is on average larger than in the remaining portion of the Insert. Due to the spatial variation of the pore size and / or the web thickness can local differences in the stress of the composite casting are taken into account.
- the Pore size and / or the web thickness can vary graded.
- Figure 1 shows a composite casting 1, which is shown partly in section, partly in the oblique view is.
- This composite casting 1 contains in a limited area an insert 2 whose Structure the surface 3 of the composite casting 1 passes through.
- This surface 3 is in use the composite casting 1 of an increased stress, for example by friction exposed.
- the insert 2 consists of a hard Kobaltstellit, the abrasion resistance of the surface 3 increased.
- the matrix 4 of the composite casting 1 consists of an austenite, so that the Compound casting also after its production still has a ductility which, if appropriate required transformations is sufficient.
- Figure 2 shows an insert 2, which consists of a solid part 5 and a sponge-structured Part 6 is composed.
- FIG. 3 shows the structure of the open-pore sponge structure of the metallic insert part 2.
- the open porosity the structure ensures that cast metal penetrate the insert 2 well can.
- a mutual alloy takes place for graded transitions between the insert 2 and the material of the matrix 4 (FIG. 1).
- FIG. 4 shows a detail of a composite casting 9 with an insert 10, in which a Surface 11 has a regular lattice structure. This surface 11 forms simultaneously a portion of the surface 12 of the composite casting 9. The remaining part of the insert has the open-pore sponge structure already described above.
- Figure 5 shows a Verbundgußteil 13, in which a positioned to Figure 4 in a corresponding manner Insert 14 is arranged.
- this insert 14 has instead of the grid-structured Surface 11 ( Figure 4) a solid surface 15 of the material of the insert 14th on.
- Inserts with metallic, open-pored sponge structure can also be used for high temperature resistant materials such as cobalt stellite.
- starting material It serves a polyurethane foam with blistered cell membranes, that is with an open-pore Sponge structure. If necessary, this foam can be made by wax or a two-component Synthetic resin are thickened.
- the model is made of polyurethane with a ceramic Molded material, for example a silicate bonded ceramic slip, or finished Forming compounds based on phosphate, surrounded. After setting of the molding material, the polyurethane foam Burned out and then by firing the ceramic mold the necessary strength awarded. The ceramic mold can then with the metallic high-temperature material be poured off.
- differential pressure or centrifugal casting can be used become.
- the ceramic mold can mechanically by water jet, sandblast or ultrasound removed or eliminated by chemical attack.
- the sponge structure of the insert is encapsulated with the matrix material.
- investment casting, gravity, low pressure and die casting processes can be used become.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1:
- ein Verbundgußteil im Schnitt sowie in Schrägaufsicht,
- Fig. 2:
- ein Einlegeteil aus einem schwammstrukturierten und einem massiven Teil,
- Fig. 3:
- die offenporige Schwammstruktur eines Einlegeteils,
- Fig. 4:
- ein Verbundgußteil ähnlich zu Figur 1 mit einer gitterstrukturierten Oberfläche des Einlegeteils und
- Fig. 5:
- ein Verbundgußteil ähnlich zu Figur 1 mit einer massiven Oberfläche des Einlegeteils.
- 1.
- Verbundgußteil
- 2.
- Einlegeteil
- 3.
- Oberfläche
- 4.
- Matrix
- 5.
- massiver Teil des Einlegeteils
- 6.
- schwammstrukturierter Teil des Einlegeteils
- 7.
- Steg
- 8.
- Knotenpunkt
- 9.
- Verbundgußteil
- 10.
- Einlegeteil
- 11.
- Oberfläche des Einlegeteils
- 12.
- Oberfläche des Verbundgußteils
- 13.
- Verbundgußteil
- 14.
- Einlegeteil
- 15.
- Oberfläche des Einlegeteils
Claims (11)
- Verbundgußteil mit einer metallischen Matrix (4) und mindestens einem in der Matrix (4) befindlichen, rein metallischen, schmelzmetallurgisch hergestellten Einlegeteil (2,10,14), wobei das zumindest eine Einlegeteil (2,10,14) zumindest zum Teil eine offenporige Schwammstruktur aufweist und die Poren des Einlegeteils (2,10,14) im wesentlichen vollständig vom Material der Matrix (4) ausgefüllt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Übergänge zwischen dem Material des zumindest einen Einlegeteils (2,10,14) und dem Material der Matrix (4) im wesentlichen stetig gradiert sind.
- Verbundgußteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmelztemperatur des Matrixmaterials die Schmelztemperatur des Materials des zumindest einen Einlegeteils (2,10,14) übersteigt.
- Verbundgußteil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zumindest eine Einlegeteil (2,10,14) zumindest in Teilbereichen die Oberfläche (12) des Verbundgußteils durchsetzt.
- Verbundgußteil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zumindest eine Einlegeteil (2,10,14) zumindest in Teilbereichen oberflächennah angeordnet ist, wobei die darüberliegende Oberfläche (3) allein vom Material der Matrix (4) gebildet ist.
- Verbundgußteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zumindest eine Einlegeteil (2,10,14) aus einem verschleißfesten Metall oder einer verschleißfesten Metallegierung und die Matrix (4) aus einem gegenüber dem zumindest einen Einlegeteil (2,10,14) duktilen Metall oder einer duktilen Metallegierung besteht.
- Verbundgußteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Matrix (4) aus einem verschleißfesten Metall oder einer verschleißfesten Metallegierung und das zumindest eine Einlegeteil (2,10,14) aus einem gegenüber der Matrix (4) duktilen Metall oder einer duktilen Metallegierung besteht.
- Verbundgußteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zumindest eine Einlegeteil (2,10,14) allein in bestimmten Bereichen des Verbundgußteiles positioniert ist.
- Verbundgußteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Einlegeteil (2,10,14) zum Teil massiv ist.
- Verbundgußteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein von einem Teilbereich des Einlegeteils (2,10,14) gebildeter Bereich erhöhter Verschleißbeständigkeit vorgesehen ist, in dem im Einlegeteil (2,10,14) die Porengröße im Durchschnitt kleiner und/oder die Stegdicke im Durchschnitt größer ist als im übrigen Teilbereich des Einlegeteils (2,10,14).
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundgußteils gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9, bei dem das Material der Matrix (4) durch Gießen in das Einlegeteil (2,10,14) eingebracht wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gießtemperatur des Matrixmaterials derart gewählt wird, daß ohne weitere Maßnahmen die Übergänge zwischen dem Material des zumindest einen Einlegeteils (2,10,14) und dem Material der Matrix (4) weitgehend stetig gradiert ausgebildet werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gießtemperatur des Matrixmaterials die Schmelztemperatur des Materials des zumindest einen Einlegeteils (2,10,14) übersteigt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19855841 | 1998-12-03 | ||
DE19855841 | 1998-12-03 | ||
PCT/DE1999/003886 WO2000032335A1 (de) | 1998-12-03 | 1999-12-03 | Verbundgussteil und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1135226A1 EP1135226A1 (de) | 2001-09-26 |
EP1135226B1 true EP1135226B1 (de) | 2003-03-05 |
Family
ID=7889882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99964403A Expired - Lifetime EP1135226B1 (de) | 1998-12-03 | 1999-12-03 | Verbundgussteil und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1135226B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002531270A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE233626T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU3030700A (de) |
DE (2) | DE59904491D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000032335A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10121861B4 (de) * | 2001-05-05 | 2005-02-17 | Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh | Aus Leichtmetallwerkstoff gegossenes Motorelement und Verstärkungselement |
DE10164975B4 (de) * | 2001-05-11 | 2009-08-20 | Shw Casting Technologies Gmbh | Bearbeitungskörper mit eingegossenem Hartstoffkörper |
DE10122886B4 (de) * | 2001-05-11 | 2006-09-14 | Shw Casting Technologies Gmbh | Bearbeitungskörper mit eingegossenem Hartstoffkörper zum Zerkleinern eines Aufgabeguts |
JP2004188452A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | 複合部材及びその製造方法 |
DE10260487B4 (de) * | 2002-12-21 | 2015-02-12 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Einlegeteile für einen Kurbelwellenlagerverbund |
DE102004047850A1 (de) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-06 | Georg Fischer Gmbh & Co.Kg | Gussformteil mit hoher Festigkeit |
AT503824B1 (de) * | 2006-07-13 | 2009-07-15 | Huette Klein Reichenbach Gmbh | Metallformkörper und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
DE102008032271B4 (de) | 2007-07-30 | 2009-11-12 | Ambos, Eberhard, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundmaterials |
US9662706B2 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2017-05-30 | Disa Industries A/S | Lining plate for lining of moulding chambers of moulding machines |
US10995192B2 (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2021-05-04 | Central South University | Composite material reinforced by foamed skeleton and preparation method and uses thereof |
DE102017119257A1 (de) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-02-28 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Tragbock für ein lenkergeführtes Doppelachsaggregat |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5483624A (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1979-07-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Production of three dimentional net like porous metal having continuous voids |
DE3418405A1 (de) * | 1983-05-18 | 1984-11-29 | Mazda Motor Corp., Hiroshima | Verfahren zur herstellung von gussteilen aus aluminiumlegierung und aus einer aluminiumlegierung bestehender kolben |
JPS60114531A (ja) * | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | 合金の製造方法 |
JPH0677799B2 (ja) * | 1985-10-31 | 1994-10-05 | マツダ株式会社 | 摺接部材およびその製造方法 |
EP0419684A4 (en) * | 1989-04-04 | 1991-10-02 | Zaporozh Avtomobil | Friction element of a friction pair |
DE3917033C1 (de) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-08-02 | Olaf 2000 Hamburg De Ahlers | |
DE4112000A1 (de) * | 1991-03-23 | 1992-09-24 | Karl Lange | Verfahren zur herstellung von verschleissgeschuetzten gussstuecken |
JP3073105B2 (ja) * | 1992-09-29 | 2000-08-07 | マツダ株式会社 | 軽合金製複合部材の製造方法 |
EP0815989A3 (de) * | 1996-07-06 | 2000-05-10 | SAB WABCO BSI Verkehrstechnik Products GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung von lokal keramikverstärkten, gegossenen Bremsscheiben aus Leichtmetallegierungen |
-
1999
- 1999-12-03 EP EP99964403A patent/EP1135226B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-03 DE DE59904491T patent/DE59904491D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-03 WO PCT/DE1999/003886 patent/WO2000032335A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-03 AU AU30307/00A patent/AU3030700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-03 JP JP2000585014A patent/JP2002531270A/ja active Pending
- 1999-12-03 DE DE19982528T patent/DE19982528D2/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-03 AT AT99964403T patent/ATE233626T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59904491D1 (de) | 2003-04-10 |
WO2000032335A1 (de) | 2000-06-08 |
DE19982528D2 (de) | 2001-11-08 |
EP1135226A1 (de) | 2001-09-26 |
ATE233626T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
JP2002531270A (ja) | 2002-09-24 |
AU3030700A (en) | 2000-06-19 |
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