EP1131552B1 - Soupape d'injection de carburant destinee a des moteurs a combustion interne - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant destinee a des moteurs a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1131552B1
EP1131552B1 EP99947182A EP99947182A EP1131552B1 EP 1131552 B1 EP1131552 B1 EP 1131552B1 EP 99947182 A EP99947182 A EP 99947182A EP 99947182 A EP99947182 A EP 99947182A EP 1131552 B1 EP1131552 B1 EP 1131552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
injection valve
bore
fuel
piston
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99947182A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1131552A1 (fr
Inventor
Marco A. Ganser
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Ganser Hydromag AG
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Ganser Hydromag AG
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Publication of EP1131552A1 publication Critical patent/EP1131552A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve for intermittent fuel injection in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This Injection valve can for example in so-called common rail injection systems Diesel engines are used.
  • Fuel injection valves of this type are known, for example, from the patents EP 0 262 539, DE 196 50 865, EP 0 603 616 or US 5 685 483 are known.
  • the opening and closing movement of the injection valve member is controlled by Control of the control room pressure in a control room above a control piston, with the the injection valve member is operatively connected. At the end of its opening movement, the injection valve member stopped by a mechanical stop.
  • the injection valve member is multi-part and long.
  • the length of the injector member is depending on the application of the injection system for a certain engine type depending on the engine design.
  • the stop is in a distance from the top of the injector member. This causes a swing the free, upper end of the injection valve member after stopping its opening movement. This vibration causes undesired, imprecise closing movements of the injection valve member at the end of the injection process.
  • the present invention aims at both avoiding swinging and detaching of the injection valve member in a precisely controllable manner, with which the injection processes can be realized with great reproducibility and accuracy.
  • a fuel injection valve 1 via a high-pressure fuel connection 10 with a high-pressure delivery device for the fuel and via electrical connections 12 connected to an electronic control.
  • the high pressure conveyor and the electronic Controls are not shown in the drawing.
  • the housing of the fuel injector 1 is designated 14. At the bottom is that Housing 14 screwed with a retaining part 16 designed as a union nut.
  • the cap nut 16 presses a middle part 18 against a sealing surface 20 in a sealed manner is located between the housing 14 and the middle part 18.
  • the union nut 16 a nozzle body 22 on a sealing surface 24 between the middle part 18 and the nozzle body 22 pressed tightly.
  • the nozzle tip 26 protrudes from the union nut 16.
  • the nozzle tip 26 has a nozzle needle seat 28 and a plurality of injection openings 30 Mistake.
  • the nozzle body 22 there is an axially adjustable nozzle needle forming an injection valve member 32 closely guided in a needle guide bore 34.
  • the injection ports 30 of the Nozzle tip 26 can be closed by a lower end 36 of the nozzle needle 32.
  • the nozzle needle 32 On the face side, the nozzle needle 32 is in the middle part 18 in a piston guide bore 40 closely sliding, axially adjustable control piston 38 operatively connected.
  • the movement of the Control piston 38 and thus also the nozzle needle 32 is by means of a solenoid valve 6 cooperating control device 8, which is further below with reference to FIG. 2nd are described in more detail.
  • the fuel is fed through the high-pressure delivery device via the high-pressure fuel connection 10 into a fuel supply bore 42 and from there into a downward bore 44 of the housing 14 promoted.
  • the bore 44 opens into a made in the middle part 18 Bore 46.
  • the bore 46 opens at the lower end into a nozzle body bore 48.
  • In the middle part 18 connects a further, short bore 50 to the control device 8 with the bore 46.
  • the nozzle body bore 48 opens into an annular space 52 in the nozzle body 22. From the annular space 52, the fuel reaches the nozzle needle seat 28 via passages (not shown) or to the injection openings 30.
  • a retaining screw 54 is screwed, which with the extended portion 56, which extends into a receiving bore 58, the solenoid valve 6 holds in the housing 14.
  • the solenoid valve 6 is guided radially in the receiving bore 58.
  • the magnetic valve 6 has a magnetic body 60 in which a pole disk 62 is permanently installed.
  • the coil 64 which is the electrical Connections 12 is connected to the electronic control, not shown.
  • a magnetic valve spring 66 and a spring tensioning element 68 are located in the magnetic body 60 Choice of the length of the spring tensioning element 68 is an optimal bias of the solenoid valve spring 66 set.
  • the magnet armature 70 is firmly connected to the control valve stem 72, so that these two elements form a control valve 74.
  • a control body 78 is inserted in a bore 76 of the housing 14 and on the lower one Supported area 80 of the federal government 82.
  • the control body 78 is preferably provided with a press or a narrow sliding seat in the bore 76, so that no significant Leakage can take place.
  • other fuel-tight connections could also be used, for example can be realized using suitable sealing rings.
  • the control piston 38 which is guided in the piston guide bore 40 in the middle part 18 so as to slide closely has a groove 84 and a transverse bore 86 connected to the groove 84.
  • the groove is 84 with the short bore 50, the transverse bore 86 with an axially made in the control piston 38
  • a needle spring 90 a spring tensioning element
  • the spring tensioning element 92 serves to set a specific one Force of the needle spring 90.
  • the needle spring 90 holds the nozzle needle in a known manner 32 in contact with the nozzle needle seat 28 when there is no injection and when there is no pressure Injection system.
  • the fuel pressure it pushes the upper end 96 of the control sleeve 94 continuously on the control body 78.
  • the control sleeve 94 has a longitudinal bore 98 opening into the bore 88.
  • a first one Control bore 100 connects the longitudinal bore 98 to the control chamber 102.
  • the control chamber 102 is connected to the second control bore 106.
  • the control bore 106 By means of a Flat seat 108 between the control body 78 and control valve 74, the control bore 106 at de-energized solenoid valve 6 closed by the control valve 74 against the high system pressure held.
  • the one emerging from the second control bore 106 when the control valve 74 is raised Fuel is, together with the leak fuel, which from the two guide holes 34 and 40 enters the annular space 110, by means of the bore 112 (FIG. 1) to known ones Returned way at low pressure of the high pressure conveyor.
  • the longitudinal axis 114 is the receiving bore 58 of the solenoid valve 6 with respect to the longitudinal axis common to the control piston 38 and the nozzle needle 32 116 disaxed. This is only in the dimensions of the housing 14 and shown Solenoid valve 6 required to have enough wall thickness for the high pressure bore 44 available to deliver. With larger dimensions of the housing 14, or smaller dimensions of the solenoid valve 6, the two longitudinal axes 114 and 116 can also match.
  • the connection 104 in the control body 78 is omitted in this case.
  • Control piston 38 has an annular web 124 which is not interrupted on the circumference. 3a, 3b and 3c, the two annular leak gaps 126 (between the control sleeve 94 and control piston 38) and 128 (between control piston 38 and middle part 18) for clarification the operation of the fuel injector 1 shown exaggerated.
  • the mode of operation of the fuel injection valve 1 is now based on FIGS. 1, 2, 3a, 3b and 3c as follows: when the solenoid valve 6 is energized with a current pulse, the control valve shaft moves 72 after a short time away from the flat seat 108 and gives the second control bore 106 free. The fuel control pressure in the connection 104, in the control chamber 102 and in the relief chamber 122 drops. On the one hand, this enables injection by lifting the control piston 38 and the nozzle needle 32 start away from the nozzle needle seat 28. The control piston moves 38 relative to the middle part 18 and the stationary control sleeve 94 upwards.
  • the fuel flow through the leakage gaps 128 and 126 is quantitative is smaller than that through the first control bore 100. This is achieved by realizing a tight sliding fit (with, for example, 1 to 3 micrometers of play) between the parts.
  • the height of the web 124 can only amount to a few hundredths of a millimeter (for example 2 to 10 hundredths). That was realized causes very small volume of the relief space 122, despite the small inflow amount through the leakage gap 124, an instantaneous increase in the pressure in the relief space 122nd
  • Fig. 4 shows a partial longitudinal section of a second embodiment of a fuel injector 2.
  • the elements not shown can be the same as those of the fuel injector 1 according to Fig. 1. Same elements as in Figs. 1 to 3c or those which are the exact perform the same function have been given the same numbers in FIG. 4.
  • the control valve stem 72 is located in the fuel injector 2 (and therefore not shown solenoid valve 6) on the same longitudinal axis 116 as the control piston 130 and the Nozzle needle 32.
  • the control body 132 is in the middle part 18 in an analogous manner to the Fuel injector 1 installed.
  • the control sleeve 94 of the fuel injector 1 is omitted in the fuel injector 2.
  • a short bore 142 connects the groove 84 with the first Control bore 100.
  • the control bore 100 opens into a made in the control piston 130 Longitudinal bore 136, which together with the bore 134 in the control body 132 and the Disk space 138 forms the control space 140.
  • the needle spring 144 is in the lower tapered portion 146 of spool 130 in a region with low fuel pressure level. Two elements 148a and 148b position and tension the needle spring 144.
  • the tapered one Section 146 presses on the end face of the nozzle needle 32.
  • this area of the fuel injection valve 2 becomes simplified. Attaching the needle spring 144 outside the high pressure spool area enables a freer design of the volume of the control room 140 and the radial dimensioning of the web 124. On the other hand, a longer version of the middle part 18 are accepted. How the fuel injector works 2 is analogous to that of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the middle part 18 in the a lower thread on which the union nut 16 is screwed With another The middle part 18 is screwed onto the housing 14. The middle part 18 points in this top a waistband. This embodiment is cheap if a long one Fuel injector must be used.
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial longitudinal section of a third embodiment of a fuel injector 3. Again, the elements not shown are the same as those of the fuel injector 1 according to Fig. 1. The same elements as in the preceding figures or those which perform exactly the same function, were also in Fig. 5 with the same digits as in the preceding Figures.
  • the control valve stem 72 is located on the longitudinal axis 116.
  • a disk-shaped one Intermediate plate 150 is located between the lower end of the housing 14 and the nozzle body 22.
  • the intermediate plate 150 and the nozzle body 22 held together by the union nut 16 in a sealed manner by means of the two sealing surfaces 20 and 24.
  • the fuel supply bore 44 opens into a bore 152 in the intermediate plate 150.
  • the first control bore 100 in a on the longitudinal axis 116 in the intermediate plate 150 Bore 158. Bore 158 is with the second control bore 106 and with an in Control piston 160 connected bore 162 connected.
  • a pressed-in can be used instead of the intermediate plate 150 Part, similar to the control body 78 of FIG. 2 or the control body 132 of FIG. 4, be used.
  • control piston 160 is now one piece with the nozzle needle 32.
  • a needle spring 164 is located together with the spring tensioning element 166, in the bore 162.
  • the spring tensioning element 166 has a nose 167, which as Filler piece is used. Without the nose 167, the total volume of the control room consists of the fuel volume in the bores 158 and 162 depending on the dimensioning of these Elements unfavorably large. With the nose 167 it can be reduced. That being said the function of these elements the same as before.
  • the relief chamber 122 is in turn between that at the upper end of the control piston 160 existing web 124 and the needle guide bore 34.
  • the leak fuel now flows during the injection process from the annular space 52 in the nozzle body 22 over the Leakage gap between control piston 160 and needle guide bore 34 in the relief chamber 122.
  • the mode of operation of the fuel injection valve 3 is again analogous to that of the previous one Versions.
  • the design of the fuel injector 3 is particularly simple.
  • a throttle bore 168 may be between bore 152 and bore 48, however after the inlet to the bore 156. This throttle bore 168 causes during the injection process a pressure drop of, for example, 5-10% of the standing pressure and causes a faster closing movement of the nozzle needle 32 in a known manner.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the fuel injection valve 3 from FIG. 5 6, the needle spring 164 was in a bore 170 of the Intermediate plate 150 installed. 5 has been omitted, although it is also in Fig. 6 either on the bottom or on the top of the needle spring 164 could be installed.
  • the throttle bore 168 is now part of the intermediate plate 150.
  • the operation of the fuel injector 3a is the same as that of the fuel injector Third
  • control body 132 of the fuel injector 2 can either in the housing 14 or in the Intermediate plate 150 can be installed.
  • This control body can either only be the second Have control bore 106 or the first control bore 100.
  • the intermediate plate 150 of the fuel injector 3a can be shown with a dashed line Separation line 172 shown level are ended. in this case, the needle spring 164 of the side of the dividing line 172. Then the force of the needle spring 164 with transfer a narrow pin attached to the underside of the spring onto the needle piston 160, the underside 120 of the intermediate plate 150 facing the web 124 can be covered with a smaller bore than the bore 170 through which only the narrow pin protrudes. In this way you get, analogous to the design of the fuel injector 2 of FIG. 4, greater freedom in the radial dimensioning of the web 124.
  • the solenoid valve 6 can also be operated with the control valve stem 72 either as in FIGS. 5 and 6 on the longitudinal axis 116 or, as in the case of the fuel injector 1, out of alignment become.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1; 2; 3; 3a) pour l'injection intermittente de carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, avec un logement (14), avec un élément de siège de soupape (26) pourvu d'ouvertures d'injection (30), avec un organe de soupape d'injection (32) réglable en longueur pour la fermeture ou l'ouverture des ouvertures d'injection (30), avec un dispositif de commande pour la commande du mouvement de réglage de l'organe de soupape d'injection (32), le dispositif de commande présentant un piston de commande (38; 130; 160) au moins en liaison coopérante avec l'organe de soupape d'injection (32), disposé de manière déplaçable en longueur, qui est sollicité d'une part par la pression du système de carburant provenant d'une conduite d'amenée à haute pression (42, 44, 46, 48) et d'autre part par la pression de commande de carburant dans une chambre de commande (102, 104; 140; 158, 162; 170), la chambre de commande (102, 104; 140; 158, 162; 170) étant connectée par au moins une première ouverture de commande (100) à la conduite d'amenée à haute pression (42, 44, 46, 48), et la pression de commande dans la chambre de commande (102, 104; 140; 158, 162; 170) étant commandable par l'ouverture ou la fermeture d'au moins une deuxième ouverture de commande (106), un élément d'actionnement (6) actionnable électriquement étant associé pour cela au dispositif de commande, et présentant un élément de soupape de commande (72) réglable axialement, fermant, dans sa position de fermeture, la deuxième ouverture de commande (106), dont le mouvement d'ouverture lors de l'activation de l'élément d'actionnement (6) ouvre la deuxième ouverture de commande (106), et le piston de commande (38; 130; 160) étant guidé sur sa périphérie avec un ajustement serré de coulissement dans un alésage de guidage de piston (40; 34),
    caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité du piston de commande (38; 130; 160) tournée vers la chambre de commande (102, 104; 140; 158, 162; 170) présente une nervure annulaire (124), le piston de commande (38; 130; 160) est connecté, par le biais de l'ajustement serré de coulissement dans l'alésage de guidage de piston (40; 34), à la conduite d'amenée à haute pression (42, 44, 46, 48) et l'ajustement serré de coulissement forme une fente de fuite (128), une chambre de détente (122) est formée entre le côté de sortie de la fente de fuite (128) et la nervure (124), et en ce que lorsque l'organe de soupape d'injection (32) est ouvert, la nervure (124) réduit le débit de carburant de la chambre de détente (122) dans la chambre de commande (102, 104; 140; 158, 162; 170) par réduction de la section transversale de passage, ce qui fait que la pression de carburant augmente dans la chambre de détente (122) par rapport à la pression de carburant dans la chambre de commande (102, 104; 140; 158, 162, 170).
  2. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1; 2) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le piston de commande (38; 130) est intégré dans une partie centrale (18) qui se trouve entre le logement (14) et le corps de buse (22), et qui est pressée de manière étanche par au moins une partie de retenue (16) contre le logement (14) et contre le corps de buse (22).
  3. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1, 2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la partie centrale (18) est pourvue d'au moins un alésage haute pression (46) qui conduit le carburant de l'alésage haute pression (44) dans le logement (14) jusqu'à l'alésage haute pression (48) dans le corps de buse (22) et jusqu'au premier alésage de commande (100).
  4. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1, 2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la partie centrale (18) possède des passages (112) pour évacuer le carburant de fuite qui s'accumule dans une chambre annulaire (110) sous le piston de commande (38, 130), à basse pression, hors de la chambre annulaire (110).
  5. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1, 2) selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle un corps de commande (78, 132) est intégré de manière étanche soit dans le logement (14) soit dans la partie centrale (18), le corps de commande (78, 132) est pourvu d'un côté inférieur (120), qui forme conjointement avec la nervure (124) la limitation de la course du piston de commande (38, 130).
  6. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1, 2) selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le corps de commande (78, 132) est pourvu du deuxième alésage de commande (106).
  7. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'élément d'actionnement (60) est désaxé par rapport à un axe longitudinal (116) commun au piston de commande (38) et a l'organe de soupape d'injection (32).
  8. Soupape d'injection de carburant (3, 3a) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le piston de commande (160) est réalisé d'une pièce avec le pointeau (32) et est guidé dans un alésage de guidage (34) avec un ajustement serré de coulissement dans le corps de buse (22).
  9. Soupape d'injection de carburant (3) selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle le piston de commande (160) est pourvu d'un alésage (162) dans lequel se trouvent un ressort (164) agissant dans la direction de fermeture de l'organe de soupape d'injection et un élément de contrainte (166) pour ajuster la précontrainte souhaitée du ressort.
  10. Soupape d'injection de carburant (3, 3a) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un point d'étranglement (168) se trouve entre l'alésage haute pression (44) et l'alésage haute pression (48), mais après l'entrée (156) vers le premier alésage de commande (100).
  11. Soupape d'injection de carburant (3, 3a) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle une plaque intermédiaire (150) se trouve entre le logement (14) et le corps de buse (22) et est pressée de manière étanche par une partie de retenue (16) contre le logement (14) et contre le corps de buse (22), la plaque intermédiaire (150) présentant au moins un passage de carburant (152) de l'alésage haute pression (44) à l'alésage haute pression (48) et le deuxième alésage de commande (106).
  12. Soupape d'injection de carburant (3, 3a) selon les revendications 10 et 11, caractérisée en ce que le point d'étranglement (168) se trouve dans la plaque intermédiaire (150).
  13. Soupape d'injection de carburant (3, 3a) selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que la plaque intermédiaire (150) présente le premier alésage de commande (100).
  14. Soupape d'injection de carburant (3, 3a) selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce qu'un côté inférieur (120) de la plaque intermédiaire (150) forme la limitation de la course du piston de commande (130).
EP99947182A 1998-11-10 1999-10-21 Soupape d'injection de carburant destinee a des moteurs a combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP1131552B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH225198 1998-11-10
CH225198 1998-11-10
PCT/CH1999/000499 WO2000028205A1 (fr) 1998-11-10 1999-10-21 Soupape d'injection de carburant destinee a des moteurs a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1131552A1 EP1131552A1 (fr) 2001-09-12
EP1131552B1 true EP1131552B1 (fr) 2002-11-27

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EP99947182A Expired - Lifetime EP1131552B1 (fr) 1998-11-10 1999-10-21 Soupape d'injection de carburant destinee a des moteurs a combustion interne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6405941B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1131552B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002529654A (fr)
AT (1) ATE228614T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59903599D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000028205A1 (fr)

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DE10039083A1 (de) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
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DE10221384A1 (de) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
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WO2006072757A1 (fr) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Appareil d’injection de carburant
DE102006027780A1 (de) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor
DE102006036780A1 (de) * 2006-08-07 2008-02-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Krafstoffinjektor mit direkter Nadelsteuerung und Servoventil-Unterstützung
WO2008046238A2 (fr) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-24 Ganser-Hydromag Ag Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne
US8087735B1 (en) 2007-05-31 2012-01-03 Steelcase Inc. Free standing furniture kit and method of assembly
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DE102008040680A1 (de) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Injektor
US7661410B1 (en) 2008-08-18 2010-02-16 Caterpillar Inc. Fluid leak limiter
DE102010008467A1 (de) 2010-02-18 2011-08-18 Continental Automotive GmbH, 30165 Hochdruck-Kraftstoff-Einspritzventil für einen Verbrennungsmotor
EP2669503A1 (fr) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-04 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Injecteur de carburant
US10982635B2 (en) 2012-05-29 2021-04-20 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited Fuel injector and method for controlling the same
CN104989573A (zh) * 2015-07-16 2015-10-21 江苏大学 一种涡流室式柴油机用长型短结构喷油器

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Publication number Publication date
US6405941B2 (en) 2002-06-18
JP2002529654A (ja) 2002-09-10
WO2000028205A1 (fr) 2000-05-18
ATE228614T1 (de) 2002-12-15
US20020008156A1 (en) 2002-01-24
DE59903599D1 (de) 2003-01-09
EP1131552A1 (fr) 2001-09-12

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