EP1099000B1 - Material on an aluminium basis for anti-friction bearings - Google Patents

Material on an aluminium basis for anti-friction bearings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1099000B1
EP1099000B1 EP99936571A EP99936571A EP1099000B1 EP 1099000 B1 EP1099000 B1 EP 1099000B1 EP 99936571 A EP99936571 A EP 99936571A EP 99936571 A EP99936571 A EP 99936571A EP 1099000 B1 EP1099000 B1 EP 1099000B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
iron
mass
silicon
manganese
aluminum
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99936571A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1099000A1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Matucha
Thomas Steffens
Werner Schubert
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KS Gleitlager GmbH
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KS Gleitlager GmbH
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plain bearing material
  • Aluminum base comprising an aluminum alloy with 10 up to 25% by mass tin, 0.8 to 1.2% by mass iron and components due to contamination.
  • An aluminum alloy known under the short name AlSn20 usually also includes impurities in iron, which the manufacturers usually give as less than 0.7%. In fact, the iron content due to contamination is usually in the range from 0.3 to 0.4% by mass. According to popular belief, iron is rather undesirable in aluminum alloys, since the intermetallic phases that form, such as Al 3 Fe or in the presence of silicon FeSiAl 5 , have an embrittling effect and thus reduce fatigue strength and have a negative impact on formability. Iron aluminide crystallizes in the form of bars or needles or forms thin plates that form potential breakage nuclei and hinder forming. Efforts are therefore made to keep the iron content of the aluminum alloy forming the plain bearing material as low as possible, which limits the use of secondary aluminum or return scrap for the production of the plain bearing material and increases the manufacturing costs.
  • the present invention is the Task based on a plain bearing material of the beginning described way to improve that he on the one hand shows good forming behavior and high Has fatigue strength and also hard phases forming additives, but not embrittling Show effect, with the plain bearing material should be inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the disadvantageous morphology of the iron aluminides described at the outset can be improved by the targeted addition of either manganese and silicon or cobalt or molybdenum.
  • Intermetallic compounds of iron, manganese, aluminum and silicon or iron cobalt or iron molybdenum mixed aluminides are then formed, the morphology of which is suitable in terms of good formability and high fatigue strength for the production of a plain bearing material, since it is not as a needle or can be called plate-shaped, but is rather characterized by spherical, homogeneously distributed phases, so that one can speak of a globular excretion.
  • Examples include the addition of manganese and silicon, or primary (FeMn) 3 Si 2 Al 15 at higher contents. When cobalt or molybdenum is added, globular precipitates of the type (CoFe) 2 A 19 or MoFeAl x are formed.
  • iron excretions become like this modified that they can be used to increase hardness let insert. So with the invention proposed that existing in secondary aluminum Not to reduce iron content in a complex manner, but consciously the iron contained in it to use the manner described above by the Iron content is increased to the specified range and the amounts of either manganese and Silicon or cobalt or molybdenum can be added. There is the lower limit of the manganese and silicon content in the ratio of iron content referred to above Sufficient formation of undesirable iron aluminides Prevent dimensions or largely. In terms of Improvement in the morphology of iron excretions was made the addition of manganese and silicon or alternatively cobalt or molybdenum recognized as equivalent in principle.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

An aluminum-based material for anti-friction bearings composed of an aluminum alloy with 10-25 wt % tin or 5-25 wt % lead, impurity-caused components characterized by 0.75-2.5 wt % iron and an alloy additive capable of forming an intermetallic compound having a spherical phase homogeneously distributed in the aluminum alloy. The alloy additive is one of:a) manganese and silicon, in which the weight percentage fractions of manganese and silicon are at least half the weight percentage fraction of the iron and for manganese, at most 3 wt %, and for silicon, at most 2 wt %;b) 0.1-0.5 wt % cobalt; andc) 0.1-0.5 wt % molybdenum.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gleitlagerwerkstoff auf Aluminiumbasis, umfassend eine Aluminiumlegierung mit 10 bis 25 Masse-% Zinn, 0,8 bis 1,2 Masse-% Eisen sowie verunreinigungsbedingten Bestandteilen.The invention relates to a plain bearing material Aluminum base comprising an aluminum alloy with 10 up to 25% by mass tin, 0.8 to 1.2% by mass iron and components due to contamination.

Eine unter der Kurzbezeichnung AlSn20 bekannte Aluminiumlegierung umfasst üblicherweise auch Verunreinigungen von Eisen, die von den Herstellern üblicherweise mit weniger als 0,7 % angegeben werden. Tatsächlich liegt der verunreinigungsbedingte Eisengehalt aber üblicherweise im Bereich von 0,3 bis 0,4 Masse-%. Nach gängiger Einschätzung ist Eisen in Aluminiumlegierungen eher unerwünscht, da sich bildende intermetallische Phasen, wie zum Beispiel Al3Fe oder in Gegenwart von Silizium FeSiAl5, versprödend wirken und damit die Ermüdungsfestigkeit herabsetzen und sich im Hinblick auf die Umformbarkeit negativ auswirken. Eisenaluminid kristallisiert nämlich balken- bzw. nadelförmig oder bildet dünne Platten aus, die potentielle Bruchkeime bilden und die Umformung behindern. Man ist daher bestrebt, den Eisengehalt der den Gleitlagerwerkstoff bildenden Aluminiumlegierung möglichst gering zu halten, was die Verwendung von Sekundäraluminium oder Rücklaufschrott zur Herstellung des Gleitlagerwerkstoffs begrenzt und die Herstellkosten verteuert.An aluminum alloy known under the short name AlSn20 usually also includes impurities in iron, which the manufacturers usually give as less than 0.7%. In fact, the iron content due to contamination is usually in the range from 0.3 to 0.4% by mass. According to popular belief, iron is rather undesirable in aluminum alloys, since the intermetallic phases that form, such as Al 3 Fe or in the presence of silicon FeSiAl 5 , have an embrittling effect and thus reduce fatigue strength and have a negative impact on formability. Iron aluminide crystallizes in the form of bars or needles or forms thin plates that form potential breakage nuclei and hinder forming. Efforts are therefore made to keep the iron content of the aluminum alloy forming the plain bearing material as low as possible, which limits the use of secondary aluminum or return scrap for the production of the plain bearing material and increases the manufacturing costs.

Gattungsgemäße Gleitlagerwerkstoffe auf Aluminiumbasis sind auch aus DE-PA-546567 (v. 11.08.37) und aus US-A-4 471 032 bekannt. Aus diesen Druckschriften sind Legierungszusätze in großem Umfang bekannt; das vorstehend erwähnte Problem ist jedoch nicht angesprochen.Generic plain bearing materials are based on aluminum also from DE-PA-546567 (v. 11.08.37) and from US-A-4 471 032 known. Alloy additives are from these publications widely known; the problem mentioned above is not addressed, however.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Gleitlagerwerkstoff der eingangs beschriebenen Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass er einerseits ein gutes Umformverhalten zeigt und eine hohe Ermüdungsfestigkeit aufweist und außerdem Hartphasen bildende Zusätze umfasst, die jedoch keine versprödende Wirkung zeigen, wobei der Gleitlagerwerkstoff auf kostengünstige Weise herstellbar sein soll.Proceeding from this, the present invention is the Task based on a plain bearing material of the beginning described way to improve that he on the one hand shows good forming behavior and high Has fatigue strength and also hard phases forming additives, but not embrittling Show effect, with the plain bearing material should be inexpensive to manufacture.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Gleitlagerwerkstoff der genannten Art gelöst, der gekennzeichnet ist entweder durch Legierungszusätze in Form von

  • a) 0,4 - 0,6 Masse-% Mangan und 0,4 - 0,6 Masse-% Silizium, wobei die masseprozentualen Anteile von Mangan und Silizium jeweils wenigstens die Hälfte des masseprozentualen Anteils des Eisens betragen,
    oder durch Legierungszusätze in Form von
  • b) 0,1 bis 0,5 Masse-% Cobalt oder Molybdän.
    • This object is achieved by a plain bearing material of the type mentioned, which is characterized either by alloy additives in the form of
  • a) 0.4-0.6% by mass of manganese and 0.4-0.6% by mass of silicon, the percentage by mass of manganese and silicon each being at least half of the percentage by mass of iron,
    or by alloy additions in the form of
  • b) 0.1 to 0.5% by mass of cobalt or molybdenum.

    • Man hat festgestellt, dass die eingangs beschriebene nachteilige Morphologie der Eisenaluminide durch gezielten Zusatz von entweder Mangan und Silizium oder Cobalt oder Molybdän verbessert werden kann. Es bilden sich dann intermetallische Verbindungen von Eisen, Mangan, Aluminium und Silizium bzw. Eisencobalt- oder Eisenmolybdän-Mischaluminide, deren Morphologie im Hinblick auf eine gute Umformbarkeit und eine hohe Ermüdungsfestigkeit für die Herstellung eines Gleitlagerwerkstoffs geeignet ist, da sie nicht als nadel- oder plattenförmig bezeichnet werden kann, sondern eher durch kugelige homogen verteilte Phasen gekennzeichnet ist, so dass man von einer globularen Ausscheidung sprechen kann. Beispielhaft lassen sich bei Zusatz von Mangan und Silizium eutektisches bzw. bei höheren Gehalten primäres (FeMn)3Si2Al15 nennen. Bei Zusatz von Cobalt oder Molybdän werden globulare Ausscheidungen vom Typ (CoFe)2A19 bzw. MoFeAlx gebildet.It has been found that the disadvantageous morphology of the iron aluminides described at the outset can be improved by the targeted addition of either manganese and silicon or cobalt or molybdenum. Intermetallic compounds of iron, manganese, aluminum and silicon or iron cobalt or iron molybdenum mixed aluminides are then formed, the morphology of which is suitable in terms of good formability and high fatigue strength for the production of a plain bearing material, since it is not as a needle or can be called plate-shaped, but is rather characterized by spherical, homogeneously distributed phases, so that one can speak of a globular excretion. Examples include the addition of manganese and silicon, or primary (FeMn) 3 Si 2 Al 15 at higher contents. When cobalt or molybdenum is added, globular precipitates of the type (CoFe) 2 A 19 or MoFeAl x are formed.

    Nach der Erfindung werden die Eisenausscheidungen derart modifiziert, dass sie sich zur Erhöhung der Härte durchaus einsetzen lassen. Mit der Erfindung wird also vorgeschlagen, den in Sekundäraluminium ohnehin vorhandenen Eisengehalt nicht in aufwendiger Weise herabzusetzen, sondern das darin enthaltene Eisen bewusst in der vorstehend beschriebenen Weise zu nutzen, indem der Eisengehalt auf den angegebenen Bereich erhöht wird und die vorstehend angegebenen Mengen von entweder Mangan und Silizium oder Cobalt oder Molybdän zugesetzt werden. Dabei steht die untere Grenze des Mangan- und Siliziumgehalts in dem vorstehend genannten Verhältnis zum Eisengehalt, um die Ausbildung unerwünschter Eisenaluminide in hinreichendem Maße bzw. weitestgehend zu verhindern. Im Hinblick auf die Verbesserung der Morphologie von Eisenausscheidungen wurde der Zusatz von Mangan und Silizium oder alternativ Cobalt oder Molybdän als prinzipiell gleichwertig erkannt.According to the invention, iron excretions become like this modified that they can be used to increase hardness let insert. So with the invention proposed that existing in secondary aluminum Not to reduce iron content in a complex manner, but consciously the iron contained in it to use the manner described above by the Iron content is increased to the specified range and the amounts of either manganese and Silicon or cobalt or molybdenum can be added. there is the lower limit of the manganese and silicon content in the ratio of iron content referred to above Sufficient formation of undesirable iron aluminides Prevent dimensions or largely. In terms of Improvement in the morphology of iron excretions was made the addition of manganese and silicon or alternatively cobalt or molybdenum recognized as equivalent in principle.

    Es wird also mit der Erfindung erstmalig der bewusste Einsatz von eisenhaltigen Aluminium-Zinn-Legierungen zur Herstellung von Gleitlagerwerkstoffen vorgeschlagen. So with the invention it becomes the conscious one for the first time Use of iron-containing aluminum-tin alloys Manufacture of plain bearing materials proposed.

    Alüminium/Zinn/Eisen-Legierungen haben auch den Vorteil, dass Eisen in der Aluminium-Matrix praktisch unlöslich ist, und damit die zugehörigen eisenhaltigen Ausscheidungsphasen glühstabil sind und bei einer Wärmebehandlung nicht vergröbern. Sie haben den weiteren Vorteil, dass Rücklaufschrott enthaltendes Sekundäraluminium zur Herstellung der Gleitlagerwerkstoffe verwandt werden kann. Die Materialkosten sind daher geringer, da nicht die Forderung nach eisenarmen Qualitäten bei den einzukaufenden Metallen erhoben werden muss. Ein Teil des Eisens etwa im Bereich 0,3 bis 0,4 % sind im Sekundäraluminium außerdem quasi kostenlos enthalten.Aluminum / tin / iron alloys also have the advantage that iron is practically insoluble in the aluminum matrix, and thus the associated iron-containing elimination phases are stable to heat and not with heat treatment coarsen. You have the further advantage that Secondary aluminum containing return scrap Manufacture of plain bearing materials can be used. The material costs are therefore lower, since not the Demand for low-iron qualities among those to be bought Metals must be collected. Part of the iron in about The range 0.3 to 0.4% is in secondary aluminum as well included almost free.

    Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Lagerwerkstoffs sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Preferred developments of the invention Bearing material are the subject of the subclaims.

    Als besonders vorteilhaft haben sich folgende Legierungen erwiesen:

  • AlSn12Fe1Mn0,5Si0,5,
  • AlSn12Fe1Co0,2,
  • A1Sn12Fe1Mo0,2.
    • The following alloys have proven to be particularly advantageous:
  • AlSn12Fe1Mn0,5Si0,5,
  • AlSn12Fe1Co0,2,
  • A1Sn12Fe1Mo0,2.

    • Auch eine Kombination dieser Legierungen kann zum Einsatz kommen.A combination of these alloys can also be used come.

    Claims (4)

    1. Sliding bearing material based on aluminium, comprising an aluminium alloy with 10 to 25 % by mass tin, 0.8 to 1.2 % by mass iron and alloy additives of
      a) 0.4 to 0.6 % by mass manganese and 0.4 to 0.6 % by mass silicon, wherein the amounts in percent by mass of manganese and silicon are each at least half the amounts in % by mass of the iron,
      or
      b) 0.1 to 0.5 % by mass cobalt or molybdenum,
      and components caused by contamination and the remainder aluminium.
    2. Sliding bearing material according to variation b) of claim 1, characterised by 0.1 to 0.3 % by mass cobalt.
    3. , Sliding bearing material according to variant b) of claim 1, characterised by 0.1 to 0.3 % by mass molybdenum.
    4. Sliding bearing material according to any of the preceding claims, characterised by 10 to 14 % by mass tin.
    EP99936571A 1998-07-23 1999-07-20 Material on an aluminium basis for anti-friction bearings Expired - Lifetime EP1099000B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19833200A DE19833200A1 (en) 1998-07-23 1998-07-23 Aluminum-tin or aluminum-lead plain bearing alloy, contains iron, manganese and silicon or cobalt or molybdenum for globular mixed iron aluminide formation
    DE19833200 1998-07-23
    PCT/EP1999/005152 WO2000005427A1 (en) 1998-07-23 1999-07-20 Material on an aluminium basis for anti-friction bearings

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1099000A1 EP1099000A1 (en) 2001-05-16
    EP1099000B1 true EP1099000B1 (en) 2002-12-04

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP99936571A Expired - Lifetime EP1099000B1 (en) 1998-07-23 1999-07-20 Material on an aluminium basis for anti-friction bearings

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    US (1) US6673168B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP1099000B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2002521565A (en)
    AT (1) ATE229089T1 (en)
    BR (1) BR9909145A (en)
    DE (2) DE19833200A1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2186388T3 (en)
    WO (1) WO2000005427A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    JP3857503B2 (en) * 2000-07-26 2006-12-13 大同メタル工業株式会社 Aluminum bearing alloy
    GB2366531B (en) 2000-09-11 2004-08-11 Daido Metal Co Method and apparatus for continuous casting of aluminum bearing alloy
    DE102011004133B4 (en) * 2011-02-15 2015-11-19 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh Method for producing a lead-free, plated aluminum plain bearing

    Family Cites Families (10)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE69936C (en) B. MÜNSBERG in Berlin O., Mühlenstrafse 8 Microphone in which the power circuit is formed by charred fiber
    GB623486A (en) * 1947-05-02 1949-05-18 Rupert Martin Bradbury A bearing alloy
    US4278740A (en) * 1978-07-11 1981-07-14 Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. Aluminum-tin base bearing alloy and composite
    JPS6055582B2 (en) * 1979-08-30 1985-12-05 大豊工業株式会社 aluminum bearing material
    US4471032A (en) * 1981-10-15 1984-09-11 Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. Aluminum base bearing alloy and bearing composite
    JPS6058774B2 (en) * 1982-02-01 1985-12-21 大豊工業株式会社 aluminum bearing alloy
    GB2182348B (en) * 1985-09-13 1989-08-23 Nippon Dia Clevite Co Aluminium alloy and its use in a two-layer bearing material
    JP2810057B2 (en) * 1988-08-05 1998-10-15 日産自動車株式会社 Aluminum bearing alloy
    JP3298635B2 (en) * 1990-04-27 2002-07-02 大豊工業株式会社 Aluminum bearing alloy
    CN1056888C (en) * 1996-07-18 2000-09-27 吉林工业大学 Material for casting sliding bearing of Al-Pb alloy and technology and apparatus thereof

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ATE229089T1 (en) 2002-12-15
    DE59903668D1 (en) 2003-01-16
    EP1099000A1 (en) 2001-05-16
    US6673168B1 (en) 2004-01-06
    ES2186388T3 (en) 2003-05-01
    BR9909145A (en) 2000-12-05
    JP2002521565A (en) 2002-07-16
    DE19833200A1 (en) 2000-01-27
    WO2000005427A1 (en) 2000-02-03

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