EP1094276B1 - Steuervorrichtung zur Öffnung eines Sicherheitsventils des Gasdurchflusses eines Brenners - Google Patents

Steuervorrichtung zur Öffnung eines Sicherheitsventils des Gasdurchflusses eines Brenners Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1094276B1
EP1094276B1 EP00402919A EP00402919A EP1094276B1 EP 1094276 B1 EP1094276 B1 EP 1094276B1 EP 00402919 A EP00402919 A EP 00402919A EP 00402919 A EP00402919 A EP 00402919A EP 1094276 B1 EP1094276 B1 EP 1094276B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tap
burner
outlet passage
winding
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00402919A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1094276A1 (de
Inventor
Pascal Thomson-CSF Prop. Intellectuelle Oudart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brandt Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Brandt Cooking SAC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brandt Cooking SAC filed Critical Brandt Cooking SAC
Publication of EP1094276A1 publication Critical patent/EP1094276A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/005—Regulating fuel supply using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • F23N5/102—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/14—Fuel valves electromagnetically operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/08—Household apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an opening control device a gas flow control valve for a burner.
  • the invention applies especially in the field of household appliances with used gas burners domestic, used for example in gas ovens of stoves, or on the hobs, either independent or integrated into the stoves.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a tap.
  • the RBT tap notably includes a pipe 1 gas inlet, a gas outlet pipe 2 to the burner BRL corresponding to said tap, this duct having an outlet passage 21, whose diameter, fixed, determines the maximum gas flow in the burner.
  • the tap further comprises a movable part 3, called 'turning', by example in the shape of a cone with a slit with variable section, which is rotated in front of an orifice of fixed diameter, thus allowing adjust the gas flow.
  • the turn is driven mechanically by a joystick accessible to a user.
  • the valve also comprises an electromagnetic safety element, for example a solenoid valve 4, making it possible to close the outlet passage 21, in the case, for example, of an untimely extinction of the burner flame.
  • This solenoid valve for example, is formed of an electromagnet 41, driving a sealing pad 42, and connected to a flame detection system, for example a thermocouple TC located in the flame F of the burner. When the flame goes out, the current i tc delivered by the thermocouple in the electromagnet is no longer sufficient to maintain the sealing pad 42 and the latter closes the outlet passage 21.
  • the security element 4 is placed in a reception housing 5 of the tap, and the dimensions of these various parts are standard, varying little from one supplier to another.
  • the safety element When lighting the BRL burner, the safety element must be disengaged to allow the opening of the outlet passage 21. The disengagement is usually done by mechanical pressure of the user on the lever, causing a mechanism of pressing on the sealing pad 42, thus allowing the valve to open.
  • the flame detection system supplies the electromagnet with a current i tc which makes it possible to maintain the sealing pad, so that the passage 21 is kept open.
  • the invention provides an electronic control device for the opening of the tap which allows, according to an example of application, to control, in motorized rotary valves, the disengagement of the element of security.
  • the invention relates to a device for controlling the opening of at least one gas flow control valve of a burner, such as defined in claims 1 to 11.
  • the device according to the invention thus makes it possible to control electronically in burners with motorized rotary valves ignition of the burner by controlling the opening of the gas outlet passage in the tap. But it offers many other possibilities, such as management of certain functions such as simmer, timer, re-ignition, etc., both in manually operated ball valves and in those with motorized turning. It also has the advantage of using a solenoid valve of dimensions comparable to the electromagnetic safety elements of the prior art, which makes it possible not to change the structure of the taps or add additional electromagnetic elements to outside the tap.
  • FIG. 2 represents a diagram of an example of a device for control according to the invention. This is the order of at least one tap RBT for controlling the gas flow of a BRL burner.
  • the device according to the invention can be applied to the control of several valves each corresponding to a burner.
  • the burners are for example mounted on a hob, or independent, either integrated into a stove. It can also be gas oven burners, boiler burners, and generally type of gas burner whose gas flow control is ensured by a tap.
  • the tap notably comprises a conduit 1 gas inlet, a gas outlet pipe 2 to the burner BRL, said duct having an outlet passage 21 of predetermined fixed diameter and for example a turning point for controlling the gas flow rate (not shown).
  • the tap also includes a reception housing 5 allowing receive any electromagnetic safety element.
  • the control device comprises, for each valve, a solenoid valve 4 whose size allows it to stay in the accommodation unit 5.
  • the solenoid valve 4 includes in particular an electromagnet 41 and a sealing pad 42, of sufficient size to allow closing of the outlet passage 21.
  • the sealing disc is driven axially by the electromagnet.
  • the solenoid valve 4 includes in addition to a return spring for the patch 42 (not shown in FIG. 2), allowing the outlet passage 21 to be kept in the closed position when no force is applied by the electromagnet.
  • FIG. 3 An exemplary embodiment of a solenoid valve for a device according to the invention is shown schematically in Figure 3.
  • This is in this example of a solenoid valve comprising an electromagnet 41 called 'U-shaped'.
  • the electromagnet has a single coil 43, distributed over the two branches of the U, with the total number of turns given and a frame 44, the sealing pad 42 being connected by a pin 45 to said frame.
  • FIG. 3 also shows the spring of recall (noted 46) of the sealing pad 42, allowing to maintain in closed position outlet passage 21 when no force is applied to the armature by the electromagnet. Spring 46 presses on the pad seal 42 and on the structure of the electromagnet placed around the winding.
  • the device further comprises means control electronics (noted 6 in Figure 2) of the solenoid valve each tap.
  • control electronics noted 6 in Figure 2 of the solenoid valve each tap.
  • These means make it possible to supply, in the winding, each solenoid valve has a given peak current.
  • This peak current, as well that the number of turns in the winding are dimensioned so that the product of the peak current with the number of turns (given in Amps) is sufficient for the electromotive force applied allows the displacement of the sealing pad 42 and the opening of outlet passage 21.
  • control means will be described in more detail detail below.
  • the user can have access to all or part of the functionality of these control means, allowing it by example of electronically controlling the ignition of a burner.
  • the solenoid valve of the control device is dimensioned in a specific way.
  • the spring return force is typically of the order of Newton for an outlet passage 21 with a diameter of about 6 mm.
  • the spring is sized to meet safety standards on the gas network.
  • the electromotive force applied to the electromagnet must be sufficient to overcome the return force of the spring.
  • the product of number of turns per peak current should be around a thousand Ampere-towers, a value significantly higher than that necessary for the simple support of the frame.
  • the number of turns of the winding is for example around a thousand. This number is largely greater than the number of turns conventionally encountered in an element of safety also having a U-shaped electromagnet (indeed, in this type electromagnet, the number of turns is about ten on each coil).
  • the applicant proposes in this example, a single winding whose section of wire has a diameter significantly less than a tenth of a millimeter, which is substantially a order of magnitude lower than what is done in a security element classic.
  • the control means 6 (see FIG. 2) comprise means 61 for controlling the quantity of energy delivered in the winding of each solenoid valve when the peak current is supplied. Indeed, the section of the wire being reduced, the resistivity is very high and safety means must be put in place to limit the power dissipated in the winding as a function of time.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the control means illustrating these control means. They are for example formed by a capacitor C in which is accumulated the energy necessary for the displacement of the sealing pad of a solenoid valve. The charging circuit of the capacitor C is formed in the example of FIG.
  • switch is meant any type of switch, mechanical or electrical (switch formed by a transistor).
  • the switch CT 1 closes briefly (for a duration approximately equal to three times the product of the value of R 2 by that of the capacitance of the capacitor, ie typically 1 second) to accelerate the charging of the capacitor C, for example of 0 at 50 V, then R 1 maintains this charge. This operation is done automatically, for example when the hob or oven is switched on, or after a first burner has been ignited.
  • the capacitor is recharged immediately and ready to discharge again in the winding of a solenoid valve.
  • the control means furthermore comprise, according to this example, and for each burner, means 62 for transferring the energy accumulated in the capacitor to the winding 43 of the solenoid valve of the burner tap, to move the disc of sealing of the solenoid valve and allow the opening of the outlet passage of said valve.
  • the transfer means are provided by means of a switch CT 2 .
  • the capacitor C in fact discharges into the winding 43 of the solenoid valve via the switch CT 2 , generating a current i b in the winding.
  • the switch CT 2 is for example controlled by the user when he wants to light the corresponding burner.
  • the electronic control means furthermore comprise, for each solenoid valve, means for supplying 63 of a holding current in the winding of the solenoid valve, making it possible to maintain the sealing pad so as to keep the outlet passage open. 21 from the corresponding tap.
  • the means for supplying the holding current are produced by an energy source U 1 connected to the terminals of the coil via a resistor R 3 in series with a third switch CT 3 .
  • the CT switch 3 closes for example substantially at the same time as the CT switch 2 , making it possible to immediately provide the holding current.
  • the CT switch 2 opens (and the capacitor can be charged again) while the CT switch 3 remains closed.
  • the opening of the switch CT 3 can for example be controlled by the user when he wants to close the burner.
  • the electronic control means also comprise electronic measurement 64 of a signal emitted by a flame detection system, for example a thermocouple TC placed in the flame F of each burners.
  • the measured signal is sent, for example, to the means 63 for supplying the holding current of the tap corresponding to the burner, allowing, in the event of an untimely extinction of the flame, stopping the supply of the holding current and closing the tap outlet passage.
  • the measured signal allows the opening of the switch CT 3 , in the example of FIG. 4.
  • control means 6 comprise a sequential management of the different switches, for example by means a state machine, or a microcontroller with a program sequencing. The user then acts on these control means by triggering a sequence.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates by a timing diagram giving the current i b in the winding as a function of time t, an example of operation of the device according to the invention incorporating control means of the type of those described in FIG. 4.
  • CT 1 closed briefly, allowing the capacitor to be charged.
  • the user decides to light a burner, and orders the closing of the switch CT 2 .
  • the capacitor discharges into the winding 43, causing a peak current i p in the winding, which allows the displacement of the armature of the corresponding valve, and the opening of the outlet passage.
  • CT 3 also closes, ensuring in the winding a holding current i m .
  • the user decides to extinguish the burner, and orders the opening of the switch CT 3 .
  • the operation can be repeated on each of the burners.
  • the control device opens up multiple possibilities of applications.
  • it allows re-ignition, sequential simmer, timer, etc.
  • re-ignition for example, if we take the example of embodiment of the control means of Figure 4, a detection of absence of flame on a burner can cause the closure of CT 2 and CT 3 , so discharge the capacitor in the winding to re-light the burner and keep it lit thanks to the holding current.
  • sequential simmering the closing and opening of switches CT 2 and CT 3 can be controlled sequentially to ensure sequential ignition of the burner and allow simmering.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Steuern des Öffnens zumindest eines Steuerventils (RBT) zum Steuern der Gasdurchflussmenge eines Brenners, wobei das Steuerventil insbesondere eine Gaszulaufleitung (1) und eine Gasablaufleitung (2) zum Brenner enthält, wobei die Ablaufleitung einen Ablaufdurchgang (21) mit festem, vorbestimmten Durchmesser aufweist, sowie eine Mulde (5) zum Aufnehmen eines Sicherheitselektroventils zum Verschließen des Ablaufdurchgangs bei einem unbeabsichtigten Erlöschen der Flamme (F) des Brenners, wobei die Steuervorrichtung enthält:
    für jedes Steuerventil ein Elektroventil (4), welches das Sicherheitselektroventil bildet und einen solchen Bauraum einnimmt, dass es in der Aufnahmemulde (5) aufgenommen werden kann, und insbesondere einen Elektromagneten (41) und eine Dichtscheibe (42) enthält, die groß genug ist, um das Verschließen des Ablaufdurchgangs zu gestatten, und axial vom Elektromagneten mitgenommen wird, sowie eine Dichtscheibenrückstellfeder (46), mit welcher der Ablaufdurchgang in Schließstellung gehalten werden kann, wobei der Elektromagnet eine einzige Wicklung (43) mit einer gegebenen Anzahl von Windungen enthält, die ferner das Öffnen des Ablaufdurchgangs (21) gestattet,
    elektronische Mittel (6) zum Steuern des bzw. der Elektroventile, über die in die Wicklung eines jeden Elektroventils ein gegebener Spitzenstrom (ip) eingeleitet werden kann, wobei der Spitzenstrom derart ist, dass das Produkt aus demselben und aus der Windungsanzahl ausreicht, um mit der vom Elektromagneten angelegten Elektroantriebskraft das Verschieben der Dichtscheibe (42) des Elektroventils (4) beim Öffnen des Ablaufdurchgangs (21) hervorzurufen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektronischen Steuermittel (6) Mittel (61) zur Kontrolle der Verlustleistung in der Wicklung eines jeden Elektroventils in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit beim Öffnen des Ablaufdurchgangs enthalten, wobei die Kontrollmittel (61) einen Kondensator (C) und einen Lastkreis für den Kondensator enthalten, der es ermöglicht, die Energie zu speichern, die erforderlich ist, um eine Dichtscheibe eines Elektroventils zu verschieben.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektronischen Steuermittel ferner enthalten
    für jedes Steuerventil Übertragungsmittel (62) zum Übertragen der im Kondensator gespeicherten Energie zur Wicklung (43) des Elektroventils des Steuerventils, um die Dichtscheibe des genannten Elektroventils zu verschieben,
    für jedes Steuerventil Mittel (63) zum Zuführen eines Haltestroms (im) in die Wicklung des Elektroventils des genannten Steuerventils, um die Dichtscheibe des genannten Elektroventils so zu halten, dass die Öffnung des Ablaufdurchgangs des genannten Steuerventils erhalten bleibt.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Übertragungsmittel (62) und die Zuführmittel (63) zum Zuführen des Haltestroms von einem Benutzer gesteuert werden können, um das Öffnen bzw. Schließen des Ablaufdurchgangs des entsprechenden Steuerventils zu steuern.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektronischen Steuermittel ferner eine Elektronik (64) zum Messen zumindest eines Signals enthalten, das von zumindest einer Einrichtung zum Erfassen der Flamme (F) eines Brenners ausgegeben wird, wobei das Messsignal den Haltestromzuführmitteln (63) des Steuerventils des genannten Brenners zugeführt wird, wodurch es bei einem unbeabsichtigten Erlöschen der Flamme (F) möglich ist, die Zuführung des Haltestroms in das Elektroventil des genannten Steuerventils abzuschalten und den Ablaufdurchgang des Steuerventils zu schließen.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromagnet des genannten Elektroventils U-förmig ausgeführt ist und insbesondere eine auf die beiden Schenkel der U-Form verteilte Wicklung und einen Anker (44) enthält, wobei die Dichtscheibe des Elektroventils über eine Achse (45) mit dem genannten Anker verbunden ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Rückstellkraft der Feder des genannten Elektroventils im Newtonbereich und bei einer Verlagerung (d) des Ankers von etwa 1,5 mm das Produkt aus der Anzahl von Windungen der Wicklung und aus dem Spitzenstrom im Bereich von 1000 Amperewindungen liegt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl von Windungen der Wicklung im Bereich von 1000 liegt und der Querschnitt des die Wicklung bildenden Drahts einen Durchmesser wesentlich unter 0,1 mm hat.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektromagnet des genannten Elektroventils zylinderförmig ist und insbesondere eine Wicklung und einen Kern enthält, der in der genannten Wicklung gleitet, wobei die Dichtscheibe des Elektroventils am genannten Kern befestigt ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bzw. die Steuerventile mit einem Antriebssystem zum Steuern der Durchflussmenge versehen sind, das elektronisch von einem Benutzer gesteuert werden kann, wobei mit Aufsteuern des bzw. der Steuerventile durch den Benutzer insbesondere das Zünden des entsprechenden Brenners möglich ist.
  10. Kochfeld mit zumindest einem Gasbrenner und pro Brenner einem Steuerventil zum Steuern der Gasdurchflussmenge, wobei das Steuerventil insbesondere eine Gaszulaufleitung und eine Gasablaufleitung zum Brenner enthält, wobei die Ablaufleitung einen Ablaufdurchgang mit festem, vorbestimmten Durchmesser aufweist, sowie eine Aufnahmemulde zum Aufnehmen eines Sicherheitselektroventils zum Verschließen des genannten Ablaufdurchgangs, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Vorrichtung zum Steuern des Öffnens des bzw. der Steuerventile nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche enthält.
  11. Gasofen mit zumindest einem Gasbrenner und pro Brenner einem Steuerventil zum Steuern der Gasdurchflussmenge, wobei das Steuerventil insbesondere eine Gaszulaufleitung und eine Gasablaufleitung zum Brenner enthält, wobei die Ablaufleitung einen Ablaufdurchgang mit festem, vorbestimmten Durchmesser aufweist, sowie eine Aufnahmemulde zum Aufnehmen eines Sicherheitselektroventils zum Verschließen des genannten Ablaufdurchgangs, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine Vorrichtung zum Steuern des Öffnens des bzw. der Steuerventile nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 enthält.
EP00402919A 1999-10-22 2000-10-20 Steuervorrichtung zur Öffnung eines Sicherheitsventils des Gasdurchflusses eines Brenners Expired - Lifetime EP1094276B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9913216 1999-10-22
FR9913216A FR2800154B1 (fr) 1999-10-22 1999-10-22 DISPOSITIF DE COMMANDE DE l'OUVERTURE D'UN ROBINET DE CONTROLE DU DEBIT DE GAZ D'UN BRULEUR

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EP1094276A1 EP1094276A1 (de) 2001-04-25
EP1094276B1 true EP1094276B1 (de) 2004-01-28

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EP00402919A Expired - Lifetime EP1094276B1 (de) 1999-10-22 2000-10-20 Steuervorrichtung zur Öffnung eines Sicherheitsventils des Gasdurchflusses eines Brenners

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EP (1) EP1094276B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60007933T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2215012T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2800154B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11841145B2 (en) * 2020-02-28 2023-12-12 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Configurable control selectors
US11442487B2 (en) 2020-02-28 2022-09-13 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Appliance burner assignment indication

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1233793B (de) * 1964-05-27 1967-02-09 Krefft Aktien Ges W Einrichtung zum Sichern von Gasbrennern von Gasgeraeten
BE759396A (fr) * 1969-11-25 1971-04-30 Junkers & Co Garniture d'aimant, en particulier pour dispositifs de surveillance d'appareils a chauffage au gaz
DE2605461C2 (de) * 1976-02-12 1986-02-06 GoGas Goch GmbH & Co, 4600 Dortmund Vorrichtung für die Steuerung eines Brenners
DE2710940A1 (de) * 1977-03-12 1978-09-14 Ernst Ing Grad Sandmann Elektronische ueberwachungseinrichtung zur sicherung, zuendung, steuerung und regelung von gasgeraeten
JPS5528409A (en) * 1978-08-17 1980-02-29 Atago Seisakusho:Kk Electromagnetic holding valve control system of heat apparatus
JPS58175719A (ja) * 1982-04-06 1983-10-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ガス点火安全装置
JPS58178118A (ja) * 1982-04-09 1983-10-19 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ガス点火安全装置
JPS59122816A (ja) * 1982-07-21 1984-07-16 Paloma Ind Ltd ガス燃焼器の燃焼制御装置
DE4206875A1 (de) * 1992-03-05 1993-09-16 Pierburg Gmbh Gasdruckregelsystem
FR2758179A1 (fr) * 1997-01-07 1998-07-10 Eaton Sa Monaco Dispositif de surveillance et de securite pour appareil de cuisson ou de chauffage a gaz

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Publication number Publication date
FR2800154B1 (fr) 2002-03-22
DE60007933T2 (de) 2004-12-23
FR2800154A1 (fr) 2001-04-27
ES2215012T3 (es) 2004-10-01
EP1094276A1 (de) 2001-04-25
DE60007933D1 (de) 2004-03-04

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