Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
  • C08F10/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
  • C08F10/06—Propene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
  • C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
  • C08F110/06—Propene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
  • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
  • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
  • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
  • C08F4/65916—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond supported on a carrier, e.g. silica, MgCl2, polymer
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
  • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
  • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
  • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
  • C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
  • C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
  • C08F4/65927—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged

Definitions

• the present invention describes a catalyst system containing metallocene
• the catalyst system can advantageously be used for the polymerization of olefins, it being possible to dispense with the use of aluminoxanes, such as methylaluminoxane (MAO), which usually has to be used in large excess, as cocatalyst, and yet high catalyst activity and good polymer morphology are achieved.
• aluminoxanes such as methylaluminoxane (MAO)
• MAO methylaluminoxane
• EP-A-0,558,158 describes zwitterionic catalyst systems which are prepared from metallocene dialkyl compounds and salts of the form [R 3 NH] + [B (C 6 H 5 ) 4 ] -.
• the reaction of such a salt with, for example, Cp2ZrMe 2 provides an intermediate zirconocenemethyl cation by protolysis with elimination of methane. This reacts via CH activation to the zwitterion Cp2Zr + - (m-C6H) -BPh 3 -.
• the Zr atom is covalently bound to a carbon atom of the phenyl ring and is stabilized via agostic hydrogen bonds.
• US-A-5, 348,299 describes zwitterionic catalyst systems which consist of metallocendialkyl compounds and salts of the form [RsNH] + [B (C 6 F 5 )] - can be represented by protolysis. The CH activation as a subsequent reaction does not occur.
• EP-A-0,426,637 uses a method in which the Lewis acidic CPh 3 + cation is used for the abstraction of the methyl group from the metal center.
• B (C 6 F 5 ) 4 - also acts as a weakly coordinating anion.
• metallocene catalysts require heterogenization of the catalyst system in order to ensure an appropriate morphology of the resulting polymer.
• the support of cationic metallocene catalysts based on the above-mentioned borate anions is described in WO 91/09882.
• the catalyst system by applying a
• the carrier material is previously modified with a trialkyl aluminum compound. The disadvantage of this carrier method is that only a small part of the one used
• Metallocens physisorbtion is fixed on the carrier material.
• the metallocene can easily be detached from the support surface. This leads to a partially homogeneous polymerization, which results in an unsatisfactory morphology of the polymer.
• WO-96/04319 describes a catalyst system in which the cocatalyst is covalently bound to the support material.
• this catalyst system has a low polymerization activity, and the high sensitivity of the supported cationic metallocene can
• the object was to provide a catalyst system which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and nevertheless guarantees high polymerization activities and good polymer morphology.
• a process for producing this catalyst system had to be developed This enables the activation of the catalyst system either before the introduction or only in the polymerization autoclave.
• the present invention relates to a supported catalyst system and its use in the polymerization of olefins.
• the catalyst system according to the invention contains a) at least one metallocene, b) at least one Lewis base of the formula I, M2R3R4R5 (
• R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are identical or different and, for a hydrogen atom, a CC 2 o -alkyl-, CC 2 o-haloalkyl-, C 6 -C 0 -aryl-, C 6 -C 0 -haloaryl-, C -C 4 o -alkylaryl or C -C 0 arylalkyl group, where optionally two radicals or all three radicals R 3 , R 4 and R 5 via C 2 -C 20 -
• Carbon units can be connected to one another and M 2 represents an element of the V. main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, c) a carrier, d) at least one organoboruminum compound which consists of units of the
• R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C-
• Periodic table of the elements and i and j each represents an integer 0, 1 or 2, is built up and is covalently bound to the support, and optionally e) an organometallic compound of formula V
• M 4 is an element of I., II. And III. Main group of the periodic table of the elements is
• R 6 is the same or different and is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C -C 4 o -carbon-containing group, in particular C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 6 -C 0 aryl, C -C 40 aryl alkyl or C -C 0 alkyl aryl group, p is an integer from 1 to 3 and k is an integer from 1 to 4.
• the Lewis bases of the formula (I) are preferably those in which M 2 is nitrogen or phosphorus.
• Examples of such compounds are triethylamine, triisopropylamine, triisobutylamine, tri (n-butyl) amine, N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-diethylaniline, N, N-2,4,6-pentamethylaniline, dicyclohexylamine, pyridine, pyrazine,
• Triphenylphosphine tri (methylphenyl) phosphine and tri (dimethylphenyl) phosphine.
• the carrier is a porous inorganic or organic solid.
• the carrier preferably contains at least one inorganic oxide, such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminosilicates, zeolites, MgO, Zr0 2 , TiO 2 , B 2 0 3 , CaO, ZnO, Th0 2 ,
• the carrier can also contain at least one polymer, for example a homo- or copolymer, a crosslinked polymer or polymer blends. Examples of polymers are
• Polyethylene polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polystyrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyamide, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, polyester, polyacetal or polyvinyl alcohol.
• the carrier has a specific surface area in the range from 10 to 1000 m 2 / g, preferably from 150 to 500 m 2 / g.
• the average particle size of the carrier is 1 to 500 mm, preferably 5 to 350 mm, particularly preferably 10 to 200 mm.
• the carrier is preferably porous with a pore volume of the carrier of 0.5 to 4.0 ml / g, preferably 1.0 to 3.5 ml / g.
• a porous carrier has a certain proportion of voids (pore volume).
• the shape of the pores is usually irregular, often spherical.
• the pores can be connected to one another by small pore openings.
• the pore diameter is preferably about 2 to 50 nm.
• the particle shape of the porous carrier is dependent on the aftertreatment and can be irregular or spherical.
• the particle size of the carrier can e.g. B. can be set arbitrarily by cryogenic grinding and / or screening.
• the catalyst system according to the invention contains as a cocatalytically active chemical compound at least one organoboraluminum compound, the
• the compound containing the formula (II) units can exist as a monomer or as a linear, cyclic or cage-like oligomer. There can also be two or more chemical compounds which contain units of the formula (II) by
• Preferred cocatalytically active organoboraluminium compounds according to d) correspond to the formulas (III) and (IV),
• the organometallic compounds of the formula (V) are preferably neutral Lewis acids in which M 4 is lithium, magnesium and / or aluminum, in particular aluminum.
• Examples of the preferred organometallic compounds of the formula (V) are trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminium, triisopropylaluminum, trihexylaluminium, trioctylaluminium, tri-n-butylaluminium, trin-propylaluminium, triisoprenaluminium, dimethylaluminum monochloride, diethylaluminium aluminum diammonium chloride, diethylaluminium chloride, , Ethyl aluminum sesquichloride, dimethyl aluminum hydride, diethyl aluminum hydride, diisopropyl aluminum hydride, dimethyl aluminum (trimethylsiloxide), dimethyl aluminum (triethylsiloxide), phenylalane, pentafluorophenylalane and o-tolylalane
• the metallocene compounds contained in the catalyst system according to the invention can e.g. bridged or unbridged biscyclopentadienyl complexes, as described, for example, in EP-A-0, 129,368, EP-A-0,561, 479, EP-A-0,545,304 and EP-A-
• monocyclopentadienyl complexes such as bridged amidocyclopentadienylkomp.exe, which are described, for example, in EP-A-0,416,815, polynuclear cyclopentadienyl complexes, such as, for example, described in EP-A-0,632,063, p-ligand-substituted tetrahydropentalenes, such as described in EP-A-p-0,659,758 Ligand substituted tetrahydroindenes as described for example in EP-A-0,661,300.
• Organometallic compounds can also be used in which the complexing ligand does not contain a cyclopentadienyl ligand. Examples of this are diamine complexes of III. and IV subgroup of the periodic table of the
• 2,6- (imino) pyridyl complexes of subgroup VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements eg Co 2+ or Fe 2+ complexes
• Metallocene compounds whose complexing ligand contains heterocycles can also be used. Examples of this are described in WO 98/22486.
• Preferred metallocene compounds are unbridged or bridged compounds of the formula VI,
• M 1 is a metal of III., IV, V. or VI.
• Subgroup of the Periodic Table of the Elements, in particular Ti, Zr or Hf, R 7 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom or SiR 3 12 , in which
• R 12 identical or different, represents a hydrogen atom or a C ⁇ -C 4 o- carbon-containing group such as C ⁇ C ⁇ alkyl, C-
• Arylalkyl, C 7 -C 40 alkylaryl or C 8 -C 40 arylalkenyl, or R 8 are a CC 30 - carbon-containing group such as C-
• L 1 can be the same or different and a hydrogen atom, a C-Ci Q hydrocarbon group such as C ⁇ -C 10 alkyl or C 6 -C 10 aryl
• Halogen atom or OR 9 , SR 9 , OSiR 3 9 , SiR 3 9 , PR 2 9 or NR 2 9 , wherein R 9 is a halogen atom, a C ⁇ -C ⁇ o alkyl group, a halogenated C- C ⁇ o alkyl group, a Ce -C 2 o aryl group or a halogenated C 6 -C o
• L 1 is a toluenesulfonyl, trifluoroacetyl, trifluoroacetoxyl, trifluoromethanesulfonyl, nonafluorobutanesulfonyl or 2,2,2-
• Trifluoroethanesulfonyl group o is an integer from 1 to 4, preferably 2, Z denotes a bridging structural element between the two cyclopentadienyl rings and v is 0 or 1.
• Z are groups MR 10 R 1 , where M is carbon, silicon , Germanium or tin and R 10 and R 11, the same or different, are a C ⁇ -C 2 o- hydrocarbon-containing group such as C ⁇ C ⁇ alkyl, C 6 -C 14 aryl or trimethylsilyl mean.
• Z is preferably CH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 , CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 , CH (C 4 H 9 ) C (CH 3 ) 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 , (CH 3 ) 2 Si, (CH 3 ) 2 Ge, (CH 3 ) 2 Sn, (C 6 H 5 ) 2 Si, (C 6 H 5 ) (CH 3 ) Si, (C 6 H 5 ) 2 Ge, (C 6 H 5 ) 2 Sn , (CH 2 ) 4 Si, CH 2 Si (CH 3 ) 2 , oC 6 H 4 or 2,2 '- (C 6 H 4 ) 2 .
• Z can also form a mono- or polycyclic ring system with one or more R 7 and / or R 8 radicals.
• Chiral bridged metallocene compounds of the formula (VI) are preferred, in particular those in which v is 1 and one or both cyclopentadienyl rings are substituted such that they contain an indenyl ring, an indenyl-analogous heterocycle containing sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen or a sulfur, nitrogen or Represent oxygen-containing pentalen-analogous heterocycle.
• the rings mentioned are preferably substituted, in particular (according to the nomenclature in formula (VII)) in 2-, 4-, 2,4-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6-, 2,4,7 or 2,4,5,6-position, with -C-C 2 o-carbon-containing groups, such as C- ⁇ -C 10 alkyl or C6-C 2 o-aryl, with two or more substituents of the rings mentioned together a ring system can form.
• Chiral bridged metallocene compounds of the formula (VI) can be used as pure racemic or pure meso compounds. Mixtures of a racemic compound and a meso compound can also be used.
• metallocene compounds examples are:
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (4-naphthyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-benzo-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4- (1-naphthyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2 -indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-t-butyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-isopropyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• 4-dimethylsilandiylbis (methyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2,4-dimethyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Tetrachloro-I2- [bis ( ⁇ 5 -2-methyl-1 H-inden-1-ylidene) methoxysilyl] -5- ( ⁇ 5 -2, 3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopenta-2,4-diene-1- ylidene) -5- ( ⁇ 5 -9H-fluoren-9-ylidene) hexane] di-zirconium
• Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- (4'-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- (4'-trifluoromethyl-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- ( 4'-methoxy-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylb s (2-methyl-4- (4'-tert-butyl-phenyl-indenyl) zirconiumdimethyldimethylsilanediylb s (2-methyl-4- (4'-methyl-phenyl-indenyl ) zirconium dimethyl
• Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- (4'-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dimethyl Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- (4 l -trifluoromethyl-phenyl-indenyl) zirconiumdimethyl Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- ( 4'-methoxy-phenyl-indenyl) zirconiumdimethyl dimethylsilanediylb s (2-methyl-4- (4'-trimethylsilyl-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylb s (2-methyl-4- (4'-trimethylsilylphenyl-indenyl) zirconiumdis
• Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- (4'-trimethylsilyl-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-ethyl-4- (4'-trimethylsilyl-phenyl-indenyl) zirconiumdimethyl) Dimethylsilanediylb s (2-methyl-4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) hafnuimdichlorid Dimethylsilandiylb s (2-methyl-4- (4' -tert-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) titanium dichloride Dimethylsilandiylb s (2-methyl-4- (4 ' -methyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4- (4 '-n-propyl-phenyl) -indeny
• Dimethyisilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- (4 ' -methyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- (4 ' -ethyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- (4 '-n-propyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- (4' -n-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- (4 '-hexyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-propyl-4- (4 ' -methyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-propyl-4- (4 ' -ethyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-propyl-4- (4 ' -cyclohexyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-propyl-4- (4 ' -sec-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediyibis (2- n-propyl-4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-butyl-4-phenyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-butyl-4-phenyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-butyl-4- (4' -methyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zir
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-butyl-4- (4 ' -cyclohexyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-n-butyl-4- (4 ' -sec-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-hexyl-4- (4 ' -cyclohexyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-hexyl-4- (4 ' -sec-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Ethylidenebis (2-hexyl-4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) zirconium dibenzyl ethylidenebis- (2-ethyl-4- (4' -tert-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) hafniumdibenzyl
• EthyIidenbis (2- methyl-4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) titanium dibenzyl ethylidenebis- (2-methyl-4- (4' -tert-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride ethylidenebis (2-ethyl-4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) hafnium
• Ethylidenebis (2-n-propyl-4-phenyl) indenyl) titanium EthyIidenbis (2-ethyl-4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconiumbis (dimethylamide) ethylidenebis (2-ethyl-4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) hafniumbis (dimethylamide) ethylidenebis (2-ethyl-4- (4' -tert-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) titanium bis (dimethylamide) ethylethylidenbis (2-ethyl- 4- (4 '-tert-butyl-phenyl) indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediyl (2-methyl-N-phenyl-4-azapentalen) (2-methyl-4- (4 ' -n-hexylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• DimethylsilandiyI (2-methyl-N-phenyl-5-azapentalen) (2-methyl -4- (4 '-n-hexylphenyl indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• DimethylsilandiyI (2-methyl-N-phenyl-5-azapentalen) (2-methyl-4 - (4 ' - adamantylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• the catalyst system according to the invention can be obtained by reacting a Lewis base of the formula (I) and an organoboraluminium compound,
• Units of formula (II) is built up with a carrier.
• the reaction is then carried out with a solution or suspension of one or more metallocene compounds of the formula (VI) and optionally one or more organometallic compounds of the formula (V).
• the activation of the catalyst system can be carried out either before it is introduced into the reactor or can only be carried out in the reactor.
• a process for the production of polyolefins is also described.
• the addition of a further chemical compound, which is added as an additive before the polymerization, can additionally be advantageous.
• the carrier material is suspended in an organic solvent.
• Suitable solvents are aromatic or aliphatic solvents such as hexane, heptane, toluene or xylene or halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as o-dichlorobenzene.
• the carrier can be pretreated beforehand with a compound of the formula (V). Then one or more compounds of the formula (I) are added to this suspension, the reaction time being between 1 minute and 48 hours, a reaction time between 10 minutes and 2 hours being preferred.
• the reaction solution can be isolated and then resuspended, or it can also be reacted directly with a cocatalytically active organoboraluminim compound which is composed of units of the formula (II).
• the reaction time is between 1 minute and 48 hours, a reaction time of between 10 minutes and 2 hours being preferred.
• the amount is preferably from 1 to 4
• a Lewis base of the formula (I) with one equivalent of a cocatalytically active compound which is built up according to the formula (II).
• the amount of one equivalent of a Lewis base of the formula (I) with one equivalent of a cocatalytically active compound which is synthesized according to the formula (II) is particularly preferred.
• the reaction product of this reaction is a metallocenium-forming compound that is covalently attached to the carrier material. It is referred to below as a modified carrier material.
• the reaction solution is then filtered and washed with one of the solvents mentioned above.
• the modified carrier material is then dried in a high vacuum. After drying, the modified carrier material can be resuspended and treated with a compound of the formula (V).
• the compound of formula (V) can also be added before the filtration and drying of the modified carrier material.
• the application of one or more metallocene compounds, preferably of the formula (VI) and one or more organometallic compounds of the formula (V), to the modified support material is preferably such that one or more metallocene compounds of the formula (VI) are dissolved or suspended in a solvent described above and then one or more compounds of the formula (V), which is preferably also dissolved or suspended, are reacted.
• the stoichiometric ratio of metallocene compound of the formula (VI) and an organometallic compound of (V) is 100: 1 to 10 -4 : 1.
• the ratio is preferably 1: 1 to 10 " 2 : 1.
• the modified support material can either be directly in the polymerization reactor or in a reaction flask in a solvent mentioned above, followed by the addition of the mixture of a metallocene compound Formula (VI) and an organometallic compound of formula (V).
• one or more metallocene compounds of the formula (VI) can also be added to the modified support material without prior addition of an organometallic compound of the formula (V).
• the amount of modified carrier to form a metallocene compound of the formula (VI) is preferably 10 g: 1: mol to 10 -2 g: 1: mol.
• the stoichiometric ratio of metallocene compound of the formula (VI) to the supported cocatalytically active organoboron aluminum compound, consisting of units of the formula (II), is 100: 1 to 10 " 4 : 1, preferably 1: 1 to 10 ⁇ 2 : 1.
• the supported catalyst system can be used directly for the polymerization.
• the polymerization can be a homo- or a copolymerization.
• olefins examples include 1-olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, styrene, cyclic olefins such as norbornene, vinylnorbornene, tetracyclododecene,
• Ethylidene norbornene dienes such as 1, 3-butadiene or 1, 4-hexadiene, biscyclopentadiene or methyl methacrylate.
• propylene or ethylene are homopolymerized, ethylene with one or more C 3 -C Q-1 olefins, in particular propylene, and / or one or several C 4 -C 20 dienes, in particular 1, 3-butadiene, copolymerized or
• the polymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature of from -60 to 300.degree. C., particularly preferably from 30 to 250.degree.
• the pressure is 0.5 to 2500 bar, preferably 2 to 1500 bar.
• the polymerization can be carried out continuously or batchwise, in one or more stages, in solution, in suspension, in the gas phase or in a supercritical medium.
• the supported catalyst system can either be formed directly in the polymerization system or it can be resuspended as a powder or solvent and resuspended as a suspension in an inert suspension medium
• Polymerization system be metered.
• a prepolymerization can be carried out with the aid of the catalyst system according to the invention.
• the (or one of the) olefin (s) used in the polymerization is preferably used.
• catalyst systems are preferably used which contain two or more different transition metal compounds, e.g. B. contain metallocenes.
• an aluminum alkyl for example trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum or triisobutyl aluminum
• This cleaning can take place both in the polymerization system itself or the olefin is brought into contact with the Al compound before the addition into the polymerization system and then separated again.
• Hydrogen is preferably added as a molecular weight regulator and / or to increase the activity.
• the total pressure in the polymerization system is 0.5 to 2500 bar, preferably 2 to 1500 bar.
• the compound according to the invention is used in a concentration, based on the transition metal, of preferably 10 -3 to 10 ⁇ 8 , preferably 10 -4 to 10- 7 mol of transition metal per dm 3 solvent or per dm 3 reactor volume.
• Suitable solvents for the preparation of both the supported chemical compound according to the invention and the catalyst system according to the invention are aliphatic or aromatic solvents, such as hexane or toluene, ethereal solvents such as tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether or halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as o-dichlorobenzene.
• an alkylaluminum compound such as trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminium, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminium or isoprenylaluminium can be added to the reactor to render the polymerization system inert (for example to separate off existing catalyst poisons in the olefin). This is in a concentration of 200 to 0.001 mmol AI per kg reactor content
• Triisobutylaluminum and triethylaluminum are preferably used in a concentration of 10 to 0.01 mmol Al per kg reactor content, so that the molar Al / M 1 ratio can be chosen to be small in the synthesis of a supported catalyst system.
• an additive such as a
• Antistatic agents are used, for example, to improve the grain morphology of the olefin polymer.
• all antistatic agents that are suitable for the polymerization can be used. Examples of these are salt mixtures of calcium salts of medialanic acid and chromium salts of N-stearylanthranilic acid, which are described in DE-A-3,543,360.
• Other suitable antistatic agents are, for example, C ⁇ 2 - to C 22 -
• Medialan acid a metal salt of anthranilic acid and a polyamine can be used, as described in EP-A-0,636,636.
• Copolymer of dec-1-en and SO 2 and dec-1-en or ASA®-3 from Shell and ARU5R® 163 from ICI can also be used.
• the antistatic is preferably used as a solution; in the preferred case of Stadis® 450, 1 to 50% by weight of this solution, preferably 5 to 25% by weight, based on the mass of the supported catalyst used (support with covalently fixed metallocenium-forming compound and one or more metallocene compounds, for example of the formula IV).
• the required amounts of antistatic can vary widely.
• the actual polymerization is preferably carried out in liquid monomer (bulk) or in the gas phase.
• the antistatic can be metered in at any time for the polymerization.
• a preferred procedure is that the supported catalyst system is resuspended in an organic solvent, preferably alkanes such as heptane or isododecane. It is then added to the polymerization autoclave with stirring. Then the antistatic is added. The polymerization is carried out at temperatures in the range from 0 to 100.degree.
• a further preferred procedure is that the antistatic agent is metered into the polymerization autoclave before the supported catalyst system is added.
• the resuspended supported catalyst system is then metered in with stirring at temperatures in the range from 0 to 100.degree.
• the polymerization time can range from 0.1 to 24 hours. A polymerization time in the range from 0.1 to 5 hours is preferred.
• the polymers produced by the process according to the invention are distinguished by a narrow molecular weight distribution and good grain morphology.
• Example 1 Synthesis of bis (dimethylalumoxy) pentafluorophenylborane 10 ml of trimethyl aluminum (2M in toluene, 20 mmol) are placed in 40 ml of toluene. At 40 ° C, 2.1 g of pentafluoroboronic acid (10 mmol) in 50 ml are added to this solution Toluene added dropwise over 15 minutes. The mixture is stirred at -40 ° C for 1 hour and then at room temperature (RT) for a further hour. The slightly cloudy, light yellow solution is filtered through a G4 frit. The result is a clear, light yellow solution (0.1 M based on boron) of bis (dimethylalumoxy) pentafluorophenylborane in toluene.
• Example 2 Synthesis of bis (pentafluorophenylboroxy) methylalan 5 ml of trimethyl aluminum (2M in toluene, 10 mmol) are placed in 45 ml of toluene. At -40 ° C., 6.92 g of bis (pentafluorophenyl) boric acid (20 mmol) in 50 ml of toluene are added dropwise to this solution over 15 minutes. The mixture is stirred at -40 ° C. for 1 hour and then at room temperature for a further hour. The slightly cloudy, light yellow solution is filtered through a G4 frit. The result is a clear, light yellow solution (0.1M based on Al) of bis (pentafluorophenylboroxy) methylalane in toluene.
• Example 4 Synthesis of bis (pentafluorophenylboroxy) isobutylalan 10 ml of triisobutyl aluminum (1 M in toluene, 10 mmol) are placed in 40 ml of toluene. At -40 ° C., 6.92 g of bis (pentafluorophenyl) boric acid (20 mmol) in 50 ml of toluene are added dropwise to this solution over 15 minutes. The mixture is stirred at -40 ° C. for 1 hour and then at room temperature for a further hour. The slightly cloudy, light yellow solution is filtered through a G4 frit. The result is a clear, light yellow solution (0.1M based on Al) of bis (pentafluorophenylboroxy) isobutylalane in toluene.
• Example 6 Support of bis (pentafluorophenylboroxy) methylalane 2 g SiO 2 (PQ MS3030, pretreated at 140 ° C., 10 mbar, 10 hours) are suspended in 30 ml toluene and 0.5 ml N, N-dimethylaniline is added at room temperature. It is cooled to 0 ° C. and 40 ml of the solution prepared in Example 2 are added dropwise via a dropping funnel. The mixture is allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred
• the suspension is then filtered and washed with pentane.
• the residue is then dried to constant weight in an oil pump vacuum. The result is 3.17 g of a slightly yellow-colored carrier material.
• Example 5 0.5 g of the carrier prepared in Example 5 are added to 5.8 mg of dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dimethyl (10 ⁇ mol) in 3 ml of toluene at room temperature. The suspension is stirred briefly and then 0.01 ml of trimethyl aluminum (TMA) (2M in toluene, 20: mol) is added.
• TMA trimethyl aluminum
• the catalyst solution is stirred for 1 hour and then the solvent is stripped off in an oil pump vacuum. The result is a pink, free-flowing powder.
• a dry 2 l reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 l of liquid propylene.
• 3 ml of triisobutyl aluminum (TIBA) (20% in Varsol) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes.
• the catalyst system 1 prepared in Example 9 is then injected resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and rinsed with 15 ml of heptane.
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C. and polymerized for 1 hour.
• the polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet.
• the result is 151g polypropylene powder (PP).
• the reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer.
• the catalyst activity is 26 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• Example 6 0.43 g of the carrier prepared in Example 6 is added to 5.8 mg of dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dimethyl (10 ⁇ mol) in 3 ml of toluene at room temperature. The suspension is stirred briefly and then 0.01 ml of TMA (2M in toluene, 20: mol) is added. The catalyst solution is stirred for 1 hour and then the solvent is removed in an oil pump vacuum. The result is a pink, free-flowing powder.
• a dry 2 l reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 l of liquid propylene. 3 ml of TIBA (20% in Varsol) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. The catalyst system 2 prepared in Example 11 is then resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and rinsed with 15 ml of heptane. The reaction mixture is on the Polymerization temperature of 60 ° C heated and polymerized for 1 hour. The polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene. The polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet. The result is 272 g of polypropylene powder. The reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer. The catalyst activity is 47 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• Example 14 Polymerization with the catalyst system 3 A dry 2 l reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 l of liquid propylene. For this, 3 ml TIBA (20% in
• the catalyst system 3 prepared in Example 13 is then resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and rinsed with 15 ml of heptane.
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C. and polymerized for 1 hour.
• the polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is in
• Vacuum drying cabinet dried. The result is 214 g of polypropylene powder.
• the reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer.
• the catalyst activity is 37 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• Example 7 0.91 g of the carrier prepared in Example 7 is added to 5.8 mg of dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dimethyl (10 ⁇ mol) in 3 ml of toluene at room temperature. The suspension is stirred briefly and then 0.01 ml of TMA (2M in toluene, 20: mol) is added. The catalyst solution is stirred for 1 hour and then the solvent is removed in an oil pump vacuum. The result is a pink, free-flowing powder.
• a dry 2 l reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 l of liquid propylene. For this, 3 ml TIBA (20% in Varsol) added and stirred for 15 minutes.
• the catalyst system 4 prepared in Example 15 is then resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and rinsed with 15 ml of heptane.
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C. and polymerized for 1 hour. The polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is in
• Example 17 Preparation of the catalyst system 5 to 5.8 mg of dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dimethyl (10
• a dry 2 l reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 l of liquid propylene.
• 3 ml of TIBA (20% in Varsol) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes.
• the catalyst system 5 prepared in Example 17 is then resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and rinsed with 15 ml of heptane.
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C. and polymerized for 1 hour.
• the polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet. The result is 258 g of polypropylene powder.
• Reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer.
• the catalyst activity is 45 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• Example 19 Preparation of the catalyst system 6 To 5.8 mg of dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dimethyl (10 ⁇ mol) in 3 ml of toluene, 0.44 g of the carrier prepared in Example 8 is added. The catalyst solution is stirred for 1 hour and then the solvent is removed in an oil pump vacuum. The result is a pink, free-flowing powder.
• Example 20 Polymerization with the catalyst system 6
• a dry 21 reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 liters of liquid propylene. 3 ml of TIBA (20% in Varsol) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. Then the catalyst system 6 produced in Example 19 is resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and injected with
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C. and polymerized for 1 hour.
• the polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet.
• the result is 198 g of polypropylene powder.
• the reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer.
• the catalyst activity is 34 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• a dry 2 l reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 l of liquid propylene. 3 ml of TIBA (20% in Varsol) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. Then the catalyst system 7 produced in Example 21 is resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and injected with
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C. and polymerized for 1 hour.
• the polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet.
• the result is 600 g of polypropylene powder.
• the reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer.
• the catalyst activity is 95 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• a dry 21 reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 liters of liquid propylene. 3 ml of TIBA (20% in Varsol) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. The catalyst system 8 prepared in Example 24 is then resuspended in 20 ml of heptane and injected with
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C. and polymerized for 1 hour.
• the polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet.
• the result is 640 g of polypropylene powder.
• the reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer.
• the catalyst activity is 102 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• the reaction mixture is heated to the polymerization temperature of 60 ° C and polymerized for one hour.
• the polymerization is stopped by exhausting the remaining propylene.
• the polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet.
• the result is 480 g of polypropylene powder.
• the reactor showed no deposits on the
• the catalyst activity is 308 kg PP / g metallocene x h.
• a dry 21 reactor is first flushed with nitrogen and then with propylene and filled with 1.5 liters of liquid propylene.
• 3 ml of TIBA (20% in Varsol) are added and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. Then 0.753 g (5.97 mg).
• Polymer is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet.
• the result is 316 g of polypropylene powder.
• the reactor showed no deposits on the inner wall or stirrer.
• the catalyst activity is 53 kg PP / g metallocene x h.

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• 1998
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