EP1080305B2 - Soupape d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1080305B2
EP1080305B2 EP99957921A EP99957921A EP1080305B2 EP 1080305 B2 EP1080305 B2 EP 1080305B2 EP 99957921 A EP99957921 A EP 99957921A EP 99957921 A EP99957921 A EP 99957921A EP 1080305 B2 EP1080305 B2 EP 1080305B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
fuel injection
injection valve
fuel
sealing plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99957921A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1080305A1 (fr
EP1080305B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Ruehle
Hubert Stier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1080305B1 publication Critical patent/EP1080305B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0057—Means for avoiding fuel contact with valve actuator, e.g. isolating actuators by using bellows or diaphragms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.
  • the resulting from this document fuel injector consists of a valve body in which a valve needle is guided coaxially.
  • the valve body has a connection via which fuel is supplied to the fuel injection valve.
  • the valve needle is provided with a central bore.
  • the valve needle forms a sealing seat with the valve body.
  • the fuel is directed via the central bore of the valve needle to the sealing seat.
  • the valve needle On its outside, the valve needle is sealed against the surrounding valve body.
  • a piezoelectric actuator acts on the valve needle via a pressure shoulder.
  • the pressure shoulder is firmly connected to the valve needle and is guided on the inlet side close to the valve body. This protects the actuator against the effect of fuel pressure.
  • the known fuel injection valve the following disadvantages arise:
  • valve needle Since the valve needle is firmly connected to the pressure shoulder, the valve needle discharge side and the pressure shoulder inlet side are sealingly and movably guided in the valve body, the production is relatively complex and the fuel injector prone to bending or distortion of the valve needle or the change in the relative positions of the two sliding surfaces ,
  • the pressure shoulder or the valve needle Since the pressure shoulder or the valve needle is movably guided against the valve body, it comes to a wetting of the sealing surface with fuel and because of the high fuel pressure to an influx of fuel in the direction of the actuator. Thus, the actuator is only protected against the action of the fuel pressure but not against the action of the fuel. Due to the seal between the pressure shoulder or nozzle needle and the nozzle body, friction losses occur when the fuel injection valve is actuated. Thereby, the moldability of the fuel jet is deteriorated, the switching times of the valve increase, the actuator energy can be exploited worse, and there is an increased wear of the fuel injection valve. In particular, in the course of operation, there is a decreasing tightness of the sealing surfaces formed between the pressure shoulder or the nozzle needle and the nozzle body.
  • valve needle Since the central bore in the valve needle is part of a fuel line extending from the fuel inlet port to the sealing seat, the manufacture of the valve needle is expensive and the fuel injector is particularly susceptible to soiling at its sealing seat end.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that results in a low-cost, low-wear, frictionless and significantly more compact design by a simple solution. Furthermore, the seal is independent of the design of the valve needle and thus can be integrated into a plurality of fuel injection valves.
  • the sealed in this way with the seal against the fuel actuator can be integrated without major structural changes in both an inwardly opening and in an outwardly opening fuel injection valve.
  • the actuator is protected by the seal both against the action of the fuel and against the action of the fuel pressure.
  • the actuator jacket is formed wavy or folded. This allows a large actuator stroke in the actuator housing in a compact design.
  • the actuator is acted upon by the actuator shell with a biasing force. Additional components, such. B. springs, can be omitted.
  • a thermally conductive material in particular a thermal compound, is provided between the actuator casing and the actuator. As a result, the energy which is produced during actuation of the actuator and dissipated in the actuator can be forwarded from the actuator to the thermally conductive material and from there to the actuator housing. This reduces the thermal load on the actuator and extends the life of the fuel injector.
  • the seal on a tubular sleeve which penetrates the recess of the actuator and which is at least partially enclosed by the actuator.
  • the interior of the tubular sleeve is sealed against the actuator and thus can be traversed by the fuel.
  • the seal on a sealing seat side sealing plate which is connected to the actuator shell and / or with the sleeve.
  • the actuator can act via the sealing seat-side sealing plate on devices of the fuel injection valve or be supported on these.
  • the sealing seat side sealing plate can be designed similar to the inflow side sealing plate, whereby the production of the seal is simplified.
  • the sealing plates are pot-shaped, whereby means of the fuel injection valve can be accommodated in the interior of the sealing plates.
  • the sealing plates can thereby be easily guided in a guide.
  • each sealing plate respectively a recess through which the sleeve passes.
  • the sleeve is bent back on at least one sealing plate and connected to one of the respective other sealing plate facing away from the end face with this sealing plate. This allows a large actuator stroke in the actuator housing.
  • At least one of the sealing plates is cup-shaped, and an edge region of the sealing plate projects beyond the bent-back region of the sleeve. As a result, the bent-back portion of the sleeve is protected.
  • the inlet-side sealing plate has at least one supply duct, through which at least one electrical supply line is led to the actuator.
  • the electrical supply line is guided in a simple manner in the interior of the seal.
  • the supply channel is sealed against the fuel.
  • the sealing of the electrical supply line against the fuel is integrated into the sealing plate, whereby an additional seal can be omitted and results in a more compact design.
  • the sleeve is part of a fuel line extending from the fuel inlet port to the sealing seat.
  • the fuel line is simplified in particular for a terminal attached fuel port.
  • an additional fuel line can be omitted, which can save components.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a partial axial sectional view of an inventive fuel injector 1.
  • the fuel injector 1 is used in particular for direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline in a combustion chamber of a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engine as a so-called gasoline direct injection valve.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is also suitable for other applications.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is designed as an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has a valve housing 3 and a fuel inlet port 4 representing the fuel inlet, which together form the housing of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • a valve needle 5 valve closing body 6, which is formed in one piece in the illustrated embodiment with the valve needle 5.
  • the valve closure member 6 is frusto-conically tapered in Abspritzides.
  • the valve closing body 6 cooperates with a formed on a valve seat body 7 valve seat surface 8 to a sealing seat.
  • the valve needle 5 is guided in its axial movement by valve needle guides 9, 10, which are fastened to the valve housing 3.
  • the valve needle guides 9, 10 have slot-shaped recesses 11, 12.
  • an actuator 13 which is designed piezoelectric or magnetostrictive.
  • the actuation of the actuator 13 via an electrical control signal, which is guided over an electrical supply line, which is not shown in this embodiment for the sake of simplicity, to the actuator 13.
  • this expands and acts via an inflow-side sealing plate 14 on a base plate 15 to which the valve needle 5 is fixed, wherein the actuator 13 is supported on the valve housing 3 via a sealing seat-side sealing plate 16.
  • Characterized the valve needle 5 is moved in the axial direction of the fuel inlet port 4, whereby the valve closing body 6 lifts from the valve seat surface 8 of the valve seat body 7 and releases the sealing seat.
  • valve needle 5 is carried out in the embodiment via a compression spring 18, which is supported on one side on the base plate 15 and on the other side of the fuel inlet 4.
  • valve housing 3 The valve housing 3, the fuel inlet port 4, the base plate 15, the inflow-side sealing plate 14 and the sealing seat-side sealing plate 16 are secured to each other with welds 19a-19f.
  • the attachment can also be done on another titmouse.
  • an actuator shell 20 and a sleeve 21 are attached at the inflow side sealing plate 14 and the sealing seat side sealing plate 16.
  • the actuator jacket 20 permanently connected via a peripheral weld 22 with the inflow-side sealing plate 14 and a circumferential weld 23 with the sealing seat side sealing plate 16.
  • the connection can also be designed differently, in particular detachable.
  • the inflow-side sealing plate 14 and the sealing seat-side sealing plate 16 have inner recesses 24, 25, through which the sleeve 21 passes, the sleeve 21 is bent back at the inflow-side sealing plate 14 in a bent-back region 39 and at a circumferential weld 26 with an end face 37 of the inflow-side sealing plate 14 and is connected to a circumferential weld 27 with the sealing seat side sealing plate 16.
  • the inflow-side sealing plate 14 has an edge region 38, on which the inflow-side sealing plate 14 is connected to the base plate 15. A bent-back region 39 of the sleeve 21 is thereby surmounted by the edge region 38 of the inflow-side sealing plate 14.
  • the expanded on the inflow-side sealing plate 14 and bent back sleeve 21 can be moved in extension of the actuator 13 in the direction of the Brennscherinlönstutzens 4, wherein the sealing of the actuator 13 through the seal 14, 16, 20, 21 against the fuel remains.
  • the actuator shell 20 is formed wavy or folded. In this case, a bias voltage can be transmitted to the actuator 13 by the actuator shell 20, so that the compression spring 18 can be omitted.
  • the conduit of the fuel may alternatively take place via the interior 29 of the valve housing 3, in which case suitable flow openings are provided in the sealing seat side sealing plate 16.
  • a thermally conductive material in particular a thermal paste may be introduced, whereby the heat of the actuator 13 is passed through the thermal paste in the intermediate space 30 and the sealing seat side sealing plate 16 to the valve housing 3.
  • the space between the actuator 13 and the sleeve 21 may be filled with a thermal grease to give off heat to the fuel.
  • Fig. 2 shows in a partial axial sectional view of a second embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention 1. Already described elements are provided with matching reference numerals, so that a repetitive description is unnecessary.
  • the cup-shaped, inflow-side sealing plate 14 is supported on the fuel inlet stub 4, so that when actuated the actuator 13 expands in the direction of the sealing seat and via the sealing seat-side sealing plate 16 and the base plate 15 acts on the valve needle 5, whereby the truncated cone, widening in Abspritzcardi valve closing body 6, which is integrally formed with the valve needle 5, lifts off from the valve seat 8 of the valve seat body 7 and releases the sealing seat.
  • the compression spring 18 which is supported on the one hand on the valve housing 3 and on the other hand on the base plate 15, the valve closing body 6 is pressed against the valve seat surface 8 of the valve seat body 7.
  • the function of the compression spring 18 can be completely or partially taken over by the actuator shell 20.
  • the electrical supply to the actuator 13 can be made via supply channels 32 and 33 in the fuel inlet 4 and in the sealing plate 14.
  • the supply channels 32, 33 can also serve for venting the seal 14, 16, 20, 21 or for drainage of leakage from the seal 14, 16, 20, 21.
  • a thermally conductive material in particular a thermal paste.
  • Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of a further embodiment of the seal 14, 16, 20 of the actuator 13.
  • the actuator shell 20 is welded via circumferential welds 22 and 23 to the inflow-side sealing plate 14 and the sealing seat side sealing plate 16.
  • the actuator 13 is located between the two cup-shaped sealing plates 14, 16.
  • a feed channel 33 for receiving an electrical line to the actuator 13 is provided in the inflow-side sealing plate 14.
  • the supply passage 33 may also be provided in the sealing seat side sealing plate 16.
  • the sleeve 21 is dispensed with, which is why the actuator 13 is formed without an inner longitudinal opening 31. Accordingly, the fuel supply is outside the actuator shell 20th
  • Fig. 4 shows in a sectional view of another embodiment of the inflow-side sealing plate 14.
  • the feed channel 33 is designed kinked, wherein the feed channel 33 opens on the peripheral surface 35 of the inflow-side sealing plate 14.
  • the inflow-side sealing plate 14 With the peripheral surface 35, the inflow-side sealing plate 14 on the inner wall of the valve housing 3, in particular by welding, are attached.
  • the opening of the supply passage 33 on the circumferential surface 35 is to prevent the penetration of fuel to seal against the fuel.
  • a weld running around the opening between the peripheral surface 35 and the valve housing 3 is suitable for this purpose.
  • the actuator shell 20 can be fastened to a lower circumferential surface 36 of the inflow-side sealing plate 14 having a smaller diameter than the upper peripheral surface 35.
  • the described embodiment of the inflow side sealing plate 14 is also suitable for the sealing seat side sealing plate 16th
  • the sealing plate 14 has a fuel passage 40.
  • the sealing plate 14 according to the Fig. 1 to provide with a recess 24.
  • the invention is not limited to the described embodiments.
  • another design of the actuator shell 20, the sleeve 21, in particular the bent-back portion 39 of the sleeve 21, and the two sealing plates 14, 16 is conceivable.
  • the action of the actuator 13 on the valve needle 5 in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown simplified and is not intended to limit the invention in this regard.
  • the invention is characterized by the possibility of using the seal 14, 16, 20, 21 in a plurality of fuel injection valves 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape d'injection de carburant (1), notamment une soupape d'injection pour des systèmes d'injection de carburant de moteurs à combustion interne. Cette soupape d'injection présente une tubulure d'admission de carburant (4) servant à acheminer le carburant, un actionneur piézoélectrique ou magnétostrictif (13) qui est rendu étanche vis-à-vis du carburant au moyen d'un élément d'étanchéification (14, 16, 20, 21), et un obturateur de soupape (6) qui peut être actionné au moyen d'un pointeau (5) par l'actionneur (13) et qui coopère avec une surface de siège de soupape (8) pour former un siège d'étanchéité. L'élément d'étanchéification (14, 16, 20, 21) comprend une plaque d'étanchéité (14), côté admission, qui est placée entre la tubulure d'admission de carburant (4) et l'actionneur (13), ainsi qu'une gaine d'actionneur (20) déformable élastiquement dans le sens longitudinal, raccordée à ladite plaque d'étanchéité (14), côté admission.

Claims (17)

  1. Injecteur de carburant (1) notamment injecteur pour une installation d'injection de carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne comprenant une arrivée de carburant (4) pour l'alimentation en carburant, un actionneur piézo-électrique ou magnétostrictif (13) rendu étanche vis-à-vis du carburant par une étanchéité (14, 16, 20, 21) et un organe d'obturation (6) de l'injecteur, commandé par l'actionneur (13) par l'intermédiaire d'une aiguille (5), cet organe d'obturation coopérant avec une surface formant siège de soupape (8) pour constituer un siège d'étanchéité, caractérisé en ce que l'étanchéité (14, 16, 20, 21) comprend une plaque d'étanchéité amont (14) entre l'arrivée de carburant (4) et l'actionneur (13) et une enveloppe d'actionneur (20) déformable élastiquement dans la direction longitudinale, cette enveloppe étant reliée à la plaque d'étanchéité amont (14) et étant espacée de l'actionneur (13) par un espace intermédiaire (30).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la plaque d'étanchéité amont (14) a une forme de pot.
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe (20) de l'actionneur est de forme ondulée ou pliée.
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur (13) est sollicité par une force de précontrainte par l'enveloppe (20) de l'actionneur.
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'entre l'enveloppe (20) de l'actionneur et l'actionneur (13) est prévue une matière conductrice de chaleur, en particulier une pâte conductrice de chaleur.
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur (13) comporte un orifice longitudinal intérieur (31).
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'étanchéité (14, 16, 20, 21) comporte un manchon tubulaire (21) qui traverse l'orifice longitudinal (31) de l'actionneur (13) et est entouré au moins par segments par l'actionneur (13).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'étanchéité (14, 16, 20, 21) comprend une plaque d'étanchéité (16) du côté du siège d'étanchéité, cette plaque étant reliée à l'enveloppe (20) de l'actionneur et/ou au manchon (21).
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la plaque d'étanchéité (16) du côté du siège d'étanchéité est en forme de pot.
  10. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les plaques d'étanchéité (14, 16) comportent chacune une découpe (24, 25) traversée par le manchon (21), et le manchon (21) est replié et élargi contre au moins une plaque d'étanchéité (14) en étant relié à la plaque d'étanchéité (14) sur une face frontale (37) non tournée vers l'autre plaque d'étanchéité (16).
  11. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des plaques d'étanchéité (14, 16) est en forme de pot et une zone formant bord (38) de la plaque d'étanchéité (14) dépasse la zone repliée (39) du manchon (21).
  12. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 a 11, caractérisé en ce que la plaque d'étanchéité amont (14) comporte au moins un canal d'alimentation (33) par lequel passe au moins une ligne d'alimentation électrique de l'actionneur (13).
  13. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le canal de la ligne d'alimentation (33) est rendu étanche vis-à-vis du carburant.
  14. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur (13) agit par l'intermédiaire de la plaque d'étanchéité amont (14) sur l'aiguille (5).
  15. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 14, caractérisé en ce que l'aiguille (5) est entourée par segments par le manchon (21).
  16. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur (13) agit sur l'aiguille (5) par l'intermédiaire de la plaque d'étanchéité (16) du côté du siège d'étanchéité.
  17. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le manchon (21) est une partie d'une conduite de carburant reliant l'entrée de carburant (4) au siège d'étanchéité.
EP99957921A 1999-03-20 1999-10-20 Soupape d'injection de carburant Expired - Lifetime EP1080305B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19912666 1999-03-20
DE19912666A DE19912666A1 (de) 1999-03-20 1999-03-20 Brennstoffeinspritzentil
PCT/DE1999/003357 WO2000057049A1 (fr) 1999-03-20 1999-10-20 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1080305A1 EP1080305A1 (fr) 2001-03-07
EP1080305B1 EP1080305B1 (fr) 2002-07-31
EP1080305B2 true EP1080305B2 (fr) 2012-04-25

Family

ID=7901815

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99957921A Expired - Lifetime EP1080305B2 (fr) 1999-03-20 1999-10-20 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US6435430B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1080305B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP4469506B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100658955B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19912666A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000057049A1 (fr)

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DE10136807A1 (de) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE10139550A1 (de) * 2001-08-10 2003-03-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Hülse für ein Piezo-Aktormodul
DE10140799A1 (de) * 2001-08-20 2003-03-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
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JP2002540341A (ja) 2002-11-26
EP1080305A1 (fr) 2001-03-07
DE59902197D1 (de) 2002-09-05
KR20010025057A (ko) 2001-03-26
WO2000057049A1 (fr) 2000-09-28
DE19912666A1 (de) 2000-09-21
EP1080305B1 (fr) 2002-07-31
US6435430B1 (en) 2002-08-20
US6889913B2 (en) 2005-05-10
JP4469506B2 (ja) 2010-05-26
US20030015601A1 (en) 2003-01-23
KR100658955B1 (ko) 2006-12-19

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