EP1072314A1 - Form of the active part of a knife for a knife-crusher - Google Patents

Form of the active part of a knife for a knife-crusher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1072314A1
EP1072314A1 EP99420171A EP99420171A EP1072314A1 EP 1072314 A1 EP1072314 A1 EP 1072314A1 EP 99420171 A EP99420171 A EP 99420171A EP 99420171 A EP99420171 A EP 99420171A EP 1072314 A1 EP1072314 A1 EP 1072314A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profile
knife
teeth
shape according
profile shape
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99420171A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Labovreau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STE MODITEC
Original Assignee
Ste Moditec
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ste Moditec filed Critical Ste Moditec
Priority to EP99420171A priority Critical patent/EP1072314A1/en
Publication of EP1072314A1 publication Critical patent/EP1072314A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the shape of the part active of a crushing and shredding knife of a shred plastic parts and waste for disposal recycling.
  • the invention aimed at avoiding blockages, increasing and regulate the crushing power and the output of the mill for identical engine power.
  • Economic need aims to reduce the number of human intervention by reducing the number of blockages, to increase the efficiency of crushing and shredding, and improve equipment reliability by reducing fatigue mechanical.
  • FIG. 1 shows a front view and side, a knife.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in partial front view, a variant of the profile of the teeth of the knife.
  • Figure 3 shows in partial front view and in section CC, another variant of the profile of the knife teeth.
  • FIG. 4 represents in front view, another variant of the profile of the teeth of the knife obtained by angular distribution.
  • Figure 5 shows in front and side view, another variant of the knife teeth profile obtained by symmetry.
  • FIG. 6 represents in front and side view, another variant of the profile of the knife teeth obtained by composition of several profiles.
  • FIG. 7 represents in front and side view, another variant of the profile of the teeth of the knife obtained by different layering.
  • a knife (1) fig. 1, has an active part on its projection height H0.
  • This height H0 is divided into several stages (or landings) H1, H2 and H3, which form by offset angular ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, cutting teeth (2).
  • the profile of the teeth (2), fig. 1, the knife (1) is such that clearance angles ⁇ , cutting edge ⁇ and sections ⁇ , are calculated to optimize the cutting work.
  • angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, fig.1, between the different teeth (2) are calculated to distribute the work evenly over 360 ° teeth of one or more rotary knives, mounted on a same axis, and angularly offset if there are more than one,
  • the clearance angle ⁇ , fig. 1 can be calculated so such as the component of the cutting force on a radial plane, directs the waste to be ground towards the axis where the cutting force increases.
  • the profile of the teeth (2), fig. 2, can be provided with a form point (3) intended to pierce (or punch) the material to be shred.
  • the profile of the teeth (2), fig. 3, can be doubled in the thickness of the knife (1), by angular offset ⁇ 3 of a few degrees, to stagger the cutting force on the counter blade, first on stop A, then on stop B; which reduces the intensity of the blow caused by the attack of the two stops at the same time.
  • the profile of the stepped teeth (2), fig. 4, can be distributed angularly several times over 360 ° around the diameter of the knife (1).
  • the profile can be reproduced symmetrically, fig. 5, from so as to obtain a knife (1) with two directions of rotation or reversible.
  • the profile is obtained by an angular offset of the teeth made in the direction of rotation of the knife (1), in reverse compared to previous profiles described.
  • a knife can have a outer diameter of 150 to 500mm, a thickness of 10 to 40mm, and be cut from tool steel, either by flame cutting or by plasma or laser cutting, either by contour milling or by wire cutting.
  • the rotary drive of the knife can be either by a key on a tree or by a tree grooved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The shape of the profile of the active part of a cutter (1) consists of the projecting height being staged over several angularly displaced teeth (2). This shape allows the tooth cutting power to be increased and reduces the risk of jamming.

Description

La présente invention concerne la forme de la partie active d'un couteau de concassage et déchiquetage d'une machine à broyer des pièces et des déchets plastiques en vue de leur recyclage. L'invention visant à éviter les blocages, à augmenter et réguler la puissance de concassage et le rendement du broyeur pour une puissance moteur identique.The present invention relates to the shape of the part active of a crushing and shredding knife of a shred plastic parts and waste for disposal recycling. The invention aimed at avoiding blockages, increasing and regulate the crushing power and the output of the mill for identical engine power.

Le concassage et le déchiquetage des pièces ou des déchets plastiques dans des broyeurs équipés de rotors à rouleaux et couteaux dentés tournants à vitesse lente, se fait actuellement avec des couteaux ayant une ou deux longues dents de coupe de profil concave et continu sur la hauteur totale de saillie. Ce profil présente, pour une puissance moteur donnée, les inconvénients suivant;

  • Sensibilité aux surcharges de matières à broyer à cause de la grande surface de coupe des dents (largeur x hauteur), d'où parfois des blocages par manque de puissance, qui nécessitent une intervention humaine pour déblocage.
  • Manque de performance de concassage étant donné la faible quantité de dents (une à deux), d'où une dimension encore importante des morceaux concassés ou déchiquetés.
  • Génération d'a coups importants à chaque passage des dents devant l'appui fixe, ce qui fatigue les organes de transmission.
The crushing and shredding of plastic parts or waste in grinders equipped with roller rotors and toothed knives rotating at low speed, is currently done with knives having one or two long cutting teeth of concave and continuous profile over the total height protrusion. This profile has the following disadvantages for a given engine power;
  • Sensitivity to overloads of material to be ground because of the large cutting surface of the teeth (width x height), sometimes resulting in blockages due to lack of power, which require human intervention to unlock.
  • Lack of crushing performance given the small number of teeth (one to two), hence a still large dimension of the crushed or shredded pieces.
  • Generation of significant blows with each passage of the teeth in front of the fixed support, which tires the transmission organs.

Le besoin économique vise à réduire le nombre des interventions humaines en diminuant le nombre des blocages, à augmenter l'efficacité du concassage et déchiquetage, et à améliorer la fiabilité du matériel en diminuant la fatigue mécanique.Economic need aims to reduce the number of human intervention by reducing the number of blockages, to increase the efficiency of crushing and shredding, and improve equipment reliability by reducing fatigue mechanical.

La forme des couteaux selon l'invention répond à ces besoins. Sa caractéristique principale est que la hauteur de saillie du couteau est étagée sur plusieurs dents angulairement décalées. L'effet produit lors du travail sera:

  • Premièrement; de bénéficier lors de la coupe du couple moteur maximum sur une plus petite surface (surface de chaque étage), ce qui accroít la puissance de coupe de chaques dents. D'où une forte diminution du risque de blocage par manque de puissance.
  • Deuxièmement; de casser et déchiqueter la pièce en autant de morceaux qu'il y aura d'étages de dents sur la hauteur de saillie du couteau. d'où augmentation du rendement de concassage et déchiquetage par tour du couteau.
  • Troisièmement; d'optimiser l'utilisation de la source de puissance lors de chaque tour du couteau, en multipliant son utilisation par autant qu'il y a de séries de dents étagées.
  • Quatrièmement; de rendre plus constante la force de coupe sur chaque étage de dent, par une hauteur de dent dégressive en allant vers l'extérieur du couteau.
  • Cinquièmement; à résistance de la pièce égale, les a coups dans la rotation dus à de grandes surfaces de coupe seront réduits dans leur intensité et plus réguliers. Ceci ayant pour effet d'économiser les organes de transmission.
The shape of the knives according to the invention meets these needs. Its main characteristic is that the projection height of the knife is stepped on several angularly offset teeth. The effect produced during the work will be:
  • First; to benefit when cutting the maximum engine torque on a smaller surface (surface of each stage), which increases the cutting power of each tooth. Hence a strong reduction in the risk of blockage due to lack of power.
  • Secondly; to break and shred the piece into as many pieces as there are stages of teeth on the height of the projection of the knife. hence an increase in crushing and shredding performance per turn of the knife.
  • Thirdly; optimize the use of the power source during each turn of the knife, by multiplying its use by as many as there are series of stepped teeth.
  • Fourth; to make the cutting force more constant on each tooth stage, by a decreasing tooth height going towards the outside of the knife.
  • Fifth; with equal resistance of the workpiece, the knocks in rotation due to large cutting surfaces will be reduced in intensity and more regular. This has the effect of saving the transmission members.

Les dessins annexés illustrent l'invention:
La figure 1 représente en vue de face et de coté, un couteau.
La figure 2 représente en vue de face partielle, une variante du profil des dents du couteau.
La figure 3 représente en vue de face partielle et en coupe C-C, une autre variante du profil des dents du couteau.
La figure 4 représente en vue de face, une autre variante du profil des dents du couteau obtenue par répartition angulaire.
La figure 5 représente en vue de face et de coté, une autre variante du profil des dents du couteau obtenue par symétrie.
La figure 6 représente en vue de face et de coté, une autre variante du profil des dents du couteau obtenue par composition de plusieurs profils.
La figure 7 représente en vue de face et de coté, une autre variante du profil des dents du couteau obtenue par étagement différent.The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention:
Figure 1 shows a front view and side, a knife.
FIG. 2 shows, in partial front view, a variant of the profile of the teeth of the knife.
Figure 3 shows in partial front view and in section CC, another variant of the profile of the knife teeth.
FIG. 4 represents in front view, another variant of the profile of the teeth of the knife obtained by angular distribution.
Figure 5 shows in front and side view, another variant of the knife teeth profile obtained by symmetry.
FIG. 6 represents in front and side view, another variant of the profile of the knife teeth obtained by composition of several profiles.
FIG. 7 represents in front and side view, another variant of the profile of the teeth of the knife obtained by different layering.

En référence à ces dessins;With reference to these drawings;

Un couteau (1), fig.1, possède une partie active sur sa hauteur de saillie H0. Cette hauteur H0 est divisée en plusieurs étages (ou paliers) H1, H2 et H3, qui forment par décalage angulaire ϕ1 et ϕ2, des dents de coupe (2).A knife (1), fig. 1, has an active part on its projection height H0. This height H0 is divided into several stages (or landings) H1, H2 and H3, which form by offset angular ϕ1 and ϕ2, cutting teeth (2).

Le profil des dents (2), fig. 1, du couteau (1) est tel que des angles de dépouille α, de taillant β et de coupes γ, sont calculés pour en optimiser le travail de coupe. The profile of the teeth (2), fig. 1, the knife (1) is such that clearance angles α, cutting edge β and sections γ, are calculated to optimize the cutting work.

Les angles ϕ1 et ϕ2, fig.1, entre les différentes dents (2) sont calculés pour répartir de façon uniforme sur 360° le travail des dents d'un ou de plusieurs couteaux tournants, montés sur un même axe, et décalés angulairement s'ils sont plusieurs,The angles ϕ1 and ϕ2, fig.1, between the different teeth (2) are calculated to distribute the work evenly over 360 ° teeth of one or more rotary knives, mounted on a same axis, and angularly offset if there are more than one,

L'angle de dépouille α, fig.1, peut être calculé de façon telle que la composante de la force de coupe sur un plan radial, dirige les déchets à broyer vers l'axe où la force de coupe augmente.The clearance angle α, fig. 1, can be calculated so such as the component of the cutting force on a radial plane, directs the waste to be ground towards the axis where the cutting force increases.

Le profil des dents (2), fig. 2, peut être muni d'une forme en pointe (3) destinée à percer (ou poiçonner) la matière à déchiqueter.The profile of the teeth (2), fig. 2, can be provided with a form point (3) intended to pierce (or punch) the material to be shred.

Le profil des dents (2), fig. 3, peut être doublé dans l'épaisseur du couteau (1), par décalage angulaire ϕ3 de quelques degrés, pour étager l'effort de coupe sur la contre lame, d'abord sur l'arrête A, puis sur l'arrête B; ce qui réduit l'intensité de l'a coup provoqué par l'attaque des deux arrête en même temps.The profile of the teeth (2), fig. 3, can be doubled in the thickness of the knife (1), by angular offset ϕ3 of a few degrees, to stagger the cutting force on the counter blade, first on stop A, then on stop B; which reduces the intensity of the blow caused by the attack of the two stops at the same time.

Le profil des dents étagées (2), fig. 4, peut être réparti angulairement plusieurs fois sur 360° autour du diamètre du couteau (1).The profile of the stepped teeth (2), fig. 4, can be distributed angularly several times over 360 ° around the diameter of the knife (1).

Le profil peut être reproduit de façon symétrique, fig. 5, de manière à obtenir un couteau (1) à double sens de rotation ou réversible.The profile can be reproduced symmetrically, fig. 5, from so as to obtain a knife (1) with two directions of rotation or reversible.

La combinaison, fig. 6, des différents profils précédemment cités est caractérisante du profil de couteau selon l'invention.The combination, fig. 6, different profiles previously cited is characterizing the knife profile according to the invention.

Dans sa forme de réalisation fig. 7, le profil est obtenu par un décalage angulaire des dents fait dans le sens de rotation du couteau (1), de façon inverse par rapport aux précédents profils décrits.In its embodiment fig. 7, the profile is obtained by an angular offset of the teeth made in the direction of rotation of the knife (1), in reverse compared to previous profiles described.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, un couteau peut avoir un diamètre extérieur de 150 à 500mm, une épaisseur de 10 à 40mm, et être découpé dans un acier à outil, soit par oxycoupage, soit par découpe plasma ou laser, soit par fraisage contournage, soit par découpe au fil. L'entraínement en rotation du couteau peut se faire soit par une clavette sur un arbre, soit par un arbre cannelé.By way of nonlimiting example, a knife can have a outer diameter of 150 to 500mm, a thickness of 10 to 40mm, and be cut from tool steel, either by flame cutting or by plasma or laser cutting, either by contour milling or by wire cutting. The rotary drive of the knife can be either by a key on a tree or by a tree grooved.

Claims (7)

Forme du profil de la partie active d'un couteau de concassage et déchiquetage d'une machine à broyer des pièces et des déchets plastiques, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur de saillie H0, fig. 1, est divisée en plusieurs étages (ou paliers) H1, H2 et H3, qui forment par décalage angulaire ϕ1 et ϕ2, des dents de coupe (2).Profile shape of the active part of a crushing knife and shredding of a machine for grinding parts and waste plastics, characterized in that the projection height H0, fig. 1, is divided into several stages (or stages) H1, H2 and H3, which form by angular offset ϕ1 and ϕ2, cutting teeth (2). Forme du profil selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ce profil peut être muni d'une forme en pointe (3), fig. 2, destinée à percer (ou poiçonner) la matière à déchiqueter.Profile shape according to claim 1 characterized in that this profile can be provided with a point shape (3), fig. 2, intended for pierce (or punch) the material to be shredded. Forme du profil selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que Le profil des dents étagées (2), fig. 4, peut être réparti angulairement plusieurs fois sur 360° autour du diamètre du couteau (1).Profile shape according to claim 1 characterized in that Le profile of stepped teeth (2), fig. 4, can be distributed angularly several times over 360 ° around the diameter of the knife (1). Forme du profil selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que Le profil peut être reproduit de façon symétrique, fig. 5, de manière à obtenir un couteau (1) à double sens de rotation ou réversible.Profile shape according to claim 1 characterized in that Le profile can be reproduced symmetrically, fig. 5, so that obtain a knife (1) with a double direction of rotation or reversible. Forme du profil selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que Le profil des dents (2), fig. 3, est doublé dans l'épaisseur du couteau (1), par décalage angulaire ϕ3 de quelques degrés.Profile shape according to claim 1 characterized in that Le tooth profile (2), fig. 3, is doubled in the thickness of the knife (1), by angular offset ϕ3 of a few degrees. Forme du profil selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'il est en combinaison avec une ou plusieurs des différentes formes selon les revendications 2, 3 , 4 ,5 et 6.Profile shape according to claim 1 characterized in that it is in combination with one or more of the different forms depending claims 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Forme du profil selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le décalage angulaire des dents (2), fig. 7, se fait dans le sens de rotation du couteau (1), soit de façon inverse par rapport aux précédents profils décrits.Shape of the profile according to claim 1 characterized in that the angular offset of the teeth (2), fig. 7, is in the direction of rotation of the knife (1), either inversely with respect to previous profiles described.
EP99420171A 1999-07-22 1999-07-22 Form of the active part of a knife for a knife-crusher Withdrawn EP1072314A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP99420171A EP1072314A1 (en) 1999-07-22 1999-07-22 Form of the active part of a knife for a knife-crusher

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99420171A EP1072314A1 (en) 1999-07-22 1999-07-22 Form of the active part of a knife for a knife-crusher

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EP1072314A1 true EP1072314A1 (en) 2001-01-31

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002058851A3 (en) * 2000-10-30 2003-05-01 Badger Bite Co Comminution blade
WO2004035215A1 (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-29 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Grinding machine for all kinds of material, e.g. waste or wood
US7500630B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2009-03-10 Badger Shredding Products, Inc. Reversible blade for a comminution machine
DE102013112221A1 (en) * 2013-11-06 2015-05-21 Erdmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Ripper disk and rotor ripper
WO2018091008A1 (en) * 2016-11-16 2018-05-24 Netzsch Pumpen & Systeme Gmbh Cutting unit for recovering gluten from a mixture containing starch and gluten
WO2024110484A1 (en) * 2022-11-21 2024-05-30 Vogelsang Gmbh & Co. Kg Comminuting device for larger solid substances

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2420913A1 (en) * 1974-04-30 1975-11-13 Wilhelm Haeberle Disintegrator esp for plastics waste and glass - has flat parallel segment-shaped meshing oscillating blades
EP0420731A1 (en) * 1989-09-25 1991-04-03 Gérard Courbet Knifecrusher-shredder for refuse
EP0434975A1 (en) * 1989-11-29 1991-07-03 GUMMIVERWERTUNGS-GmbH (KSB) Chopping machine for reducing waste tyres to small pieces
WO1991014501A1 (en) * 1990-03-21 1991-10-03 Per Torp An apparatus for reducing materials
WO1997010057A1 (en) * 1995-09-12 1997-03-20 Niro Separation A/S A comminution machine
DE9422104U1 (en) * 1994-07-06 1998-01-22 Svedala Lindemann GmbH, 40231 Düsseldorf Rotor shears for crushing particularly bulky waste

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2420913A1 (en) * 1974-04-30 1975-11-13 Wilhelm Haeberle Disintegrator esp for plastics waste and glass - has flat parallel segment-shaped meshing oscillating blades
EP0420731A1 (en) * 1989-09-25 1991-04-03 Gérard Courbet Knifecrusher-shredder for refuse
EP0434975A1 (en) * 1989-11-29 1991-07-03 GUMMIVERWERTUNGS-GmbH (KSB) Chopping machine for reducing waste tyres to small pieces
WO1991014501A1 (en) * 1990-03-21 1991-10-03 Per Torp An apparatus for reducing materials
DE9422104U1 (en) * 1994-07-06 1998-01-22 Svedala Lindemann GmbH, 40231 Düsseldorf Rotor shears for crushing particularly bulky waste
WO1997010057A1 (en) * 1995-09-12 1997-03-20 Niro Separation A/S A comminution machine

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002058851A3 (en) * 2000-10-30 2003-05-01 Badger Bite Co Comminution blade
US7131606B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2006-11-07 Badger Bite Co. Comminution blade
US7500630B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2009-03-10 Badger Shredding Products, Inc. Reversible blade for a comminution machine
WO2004035215A1 (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-29 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Grinding machine for all kinds of material, e.g. waste or wood
GB2410908A (en) * 2002-10-10 2005-08-17 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Grinding machine for all kinds of material, e.g. waste or wood
US7237739B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2007-07-03 Metso Lindemann Gmbh Grinding machine and method of grinding material
DE102013112221A1 (en) * 2013-11-06 2015-05-21 Erdmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Ripper disk and rotor ripper
DE102013112221B4 (en) * 2013-11-06 2018-11-15 Erdmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Ripper disk and rotor ripper
WO2018091008A1 (en) * 2016-11-16 2018-05-24 Netzsch Pumpen & Systeme Gmbh Cutting unit for recovering gluten from a mixture containing starch and gluten
WO2024110484A1 (en) * 2022-11-21 2024-05-30 Vogelsang Gmbh & Co. Kg Comminuting device for larger solid substances

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