EP1060106A1 - Behälter mit einer auslassdüse - Google Patents
Behälter mit einer auslassdüseInfo
- Publication number
- EP1060106A1 EP1060106A1 EP99910301A EP99910301A EP1060106A1 EP 1060106 A1 EP1060106 A1 EP 1060106A1 EP 99910301 A EP99910301 A EP 99910301A EP 99910301 A EP99910301 A EP 99910301A EP 1060106 A1 EP1060106 A1 EP 1060106A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- membrane
- outlet
- closure cap
- container according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
- B65D51/20—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing
- B65D51/22—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure
- B65D51/221—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening
- B65D51/226—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening the piercing or cutting means being non integral with, or not fixedly attached to, the outer closure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
- B65D2251/0015—Upper closure of the 41-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0037—Intermediate closure(s)
- B65D2251/0056—Intermediate closure(s) of the 47-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
- B65D2251/0093—Membrane
- B65D2251/0096—Membrane integral with the container
Definitions
- the invention relates to a container with an outlet nozzle and a cap for the outlet nozzle, the container having an outlet opening closed with a membrane and the outlet nozzle having an outlet body with an outlet channel and a connecting element for connecting the outlet body to the outlet opening of the container, and wherein an element is provided with which the membrane can be pierced during or after the connection of the outlet body to the outlet opening of the container.
- Known containers of this type are filled with a liquid or pasty product. Examples include adhesive tubes and cartridges for joint sealants and other pasty products. Such containers are known for example from DE 41 26 477 C2 and DE 44 20 719 A1.
- the containers have three main elements, namely firstly the actual container with an outlet opening, secondly the outlet nozzle which can be fitted or screwed onto the outlet opening and has an elongated narrow channel which is intended to enable the contents of the container to be finely metered, and thirdly a closure cap which is used before the Container is removed.
- the outlet opening of the container is closed with a membrane which must be pierced before the container is used for the first time.
- a needle-shaped piercing element is provided inside the cap, which is axially movable relative to the cap.
- the needle-shaped mandrel is moved downwards in the direction of the outlet opening of the container with the closure cap attached, so that the membrane is pierced.
- the cap is then removed from the container together with the needle-shaped mandrel, so that the contents of the container can emerge in a metered manner through the outlet opening and the narrow channel of the outlet nozzle.
- the membrane is attached to the tip of the outlet nozzle.
- the needle-shaped piercing element is designed as part of the closure cap.
- the closure cap After using the container according to DE 44 20 719 A1 or DE 41 26 477 C2, the closure cap must usually be replaced on the outlet nozzle in order to prevent the contents of the container from flowing out or drying out unintentionally.
- the long, needle-shaped piercing element must be reinserted into the narrow channel of the outlet nozzle in order to close the container opening.
- This closing requires a special skill. To simplify the closing, the push-through element cannot be easily removed in the known containers, since in this case the container opening is not completely closed when the closure cap is put on.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of considerably facilitating the reclosing of a container of the type mentioned at the beginning.
- the element with which the membrane can be pierced is formed as part of the outlet body. It is particularly preferred that the membrane is only pierced after connecting the outlet body to the outlet opening of the container, because in this case the unintentional leakage of the container contents with subsequent difficulties in attaching the outlet nozzle is reliably avoided.
- the piercing element is formed as part of the outlet element
- a known, closed closure cap can be used which can be easily passed onto the container with the pierced one Membrane and applied with attached outlet nozzle, for. B. can be screwed on. A laborious threading of an elongated piercing element into the narrow channel of the outlet nozzle is no longer necessary.
- the position of the element for piercing the membrane relative to the connecting element can preferably be changed axially, so that the membrane does not have to be pierced when the outlet nozzle is attached to the outlet opening of the container. Rather, the membrane can be pierced at any later point in time by axially changing the position of the piercing element.
- the outlet body can have two parts that can be changed in their axial position relative to one another, one part of which carries the element for piercing the membrane and the other part carries the connecting element.
- the other part carrying the connecting element is preferably essentially ring-shaped and the part carrying the element for piercing the membrane is arranged substantially tubular and essentially concentrically within the ring-shaped part.
- the annular part can be attached to the neck of the container, e.g. B. screwed, and only then are the membrane pierced by axially moving the tubular part within the annular part.
- the outlet opening of the container has an external thread onto which a first internal thread of the annular part can be screwed, and that the annular part has a second internal thread into which the tubular part can be screwed with its external thread.
- the membrane is pierced relatively quickly with only a slight one Rotation of the tubular part is achieved when the second internal thread of the annular part has a larger pitch than its first internal thread.
- the element for piercing the membrane is advantageously designed as a sharp edge of the tubular part.
- the outside of the outlet body and in particular the outside of the tubular part has at least one grip element, in particular wing-like projections, grooves or teeth, for changing the axial position of the element for piercing the membrane relative to the connecting element.
- grip elements offer the user a fixed point of attack.
- the drying out of the product in the open container is prevented in a further embodiment of the invention if the closure cap at least partially covers the outlet body in the attached state and in particular closes the outlet channel.
- This closure cap preferably has at least one actuating element which engages in the grip element when the closure cap is in place, so that when the closure cap is rotated, the part of the outlet body carrying the grip element also rotates.
- the piercing of the membrane can therefore also be carried out with the closure cap in place, by rotating the closure cap with respect to the container.
- the closure cap has an internal thread which can be screwed onto an external thread of the annular part and is designed such that when unscrewing the cap of the annular part, the tubular part moves axially towards the outlet opening of the container.
- the second internal thread of the annular part is designed in the opposite direction to its external thread.
- the external thread is preferably a conventional right-hand thread, so that the closure cap can be unscrewed from the ring-shaped part by turning it counterclockwise.
- the second internal thread of the annular part is preferably a left-hand thread, so that when the closure cap is rotated counterclockwise, that is to say when unscrewing, the tubular part is simultaneously moved in the opposite direction to the outlet opening of the container and thus to the membrane.
- FIGS. 1A to 1C shows the assembled container with the outlet nozzle and the closure cap according to FIGS. 1A to 1C in the ready-to-sell state in a perspective partial sectional view
- FIGS. 2A-2C the container according to the previous figures in section during the first opening by the user
- FIG. 2D shows a perspective partial section of the container corresponding to FIG. 2B, that is to say immediately after the membrane has been pierced
- FIG. 2E shows a perspective partial sectional view of the container corresponding to FIG. 2D after the membrane has been pierced and during the removal of the closure cap
- FIG. 3 shows a side view of the container according to the first embodiment, the closure cap being shown in section and
- FIG. 4 shows an exploded view of a container according to a second, particularly preferred exemplary embodiment according to the invention
- Figure 5 shows the second step in the assembly of the manufacturer
- FIG. 6 shows the third step in the assembly of the container according to FIG.
- the exemplary embodiment shows a container 2 in the form of a tube for a cyanoacrylate adhesive, which is also known as superglue.
- the container 2 has an outlet opening 8 which is closed with a membrane 11 (FIG. 1C).
- the outlet nozzle 1 for the container 2 has a two-part outlet body 4, 5 with an outlet channel 3.
- the outlet body consists of an annular part 4 and a tubular part 5 arranged axially displaceably therein (FIG. 1C).
- the annular part 4 has a connecting element 6, which is designed as an internal thread and is provided for connecting the outlet nozzle 1 to the neck 7 of the container 2, the neck 7 having an external thread 9 corresponding to the internal thread 6, so that the annular part 4 can be screwed onto the neck 7 of the container.
- the tubular part 5 arranged within the annular part 4 has at its lower end an element 10 for piercing the membrane 11, this element 10 having the shape of a knife-like sharp lower edge of the tubular part 5.
- a second internal thread 12 is provided on the inside thereof, which is opposite to the first internal thread 6 and corresponds to a corresponding external thread 13 of the tubular part 5, so that the tubular part 5 with its external thread 13 can be screwed into the second internal thread 12 of the annular part 4.
- the outlet nozzle 1 is closed with a closure cap 15, which has on its inside a pin 16 which, when the closure cap 15 is attached (FIG. 1C), projects into the outlet channel 3 and in this way closes the channel.
- a closure cap 15 On the inside of the closure cap 15, projections 17 are also formed, which interact as actuating elements with the projections 14, the grip elements, on the outside of the tubular part 5.
- the closure cap 15 also has an internal thread 18 with which the cap 15 can be screwed onto an external thread 19 of the annular part 4 (FIG. 3).
- the external thread 19 has a horizontal segment 20, so that when the closure cap 15 is removed, it is first rotated for half a revolution without axial displacement and thereby rotates the tubular part 5, which in this way is screwed down into the annular part 4, so that the sharp edge 10 (the element for piercing the membrane) is pressed through the membrane 11, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B, and the container 2 is consequently opened.
- the tubular part 5 can be fixed, for example, by means of a snap or snap connection (not shown in the present example) in the downwardly screwed position relative to the annular part 4.
- the closure cap 15 When the container 2 is used for the first time, the closure cap 15 is rotated so that the tubular part 5 changes from the position shown in FIG. 2A to the position according to FIG. 2B, the membrane 11 being pierced by the sharp lower edge 10 of the tubular part 5. This situation is also shown in Figure 2D.
- the cap 15 When the cap 15 is turned further, it can be unscrewed from the container (FIG. 2E), so that the user receives container shown in Figure 2C, from which he can remove the liquid or pasty product via the outlet channel.
- the membrane 11 in the outlet opening 8 of a container 2 can be opened before the first use by turning the cap 15 without the product contained in the container 2 can leak unintentionally.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. It can be seen in Figure 4 that the external thread 13 of the tubular part 5 is designed as a left-hand thread with a relatively large pitch in contrast to the external thread 19 of the tubular part 4, which is provided as a right-hand thread with a smaller pitch.
- the external threads 13 and 19 correspond to the internal thread 12 of the annular part 4 and the internal thread 18 of the closure cap 15.
- the closure cap 15 has outwardly extending wings 21.
- the closure cap 15 is screwed onto the annular part 4.
- the tubular part 5 is then screwed into the annular part 4.
- the projections 14 of the tubular part 5 reach the area of the inner projections 17 of the closure cap 15.
- the external thread 19 (right-hand thread) of the annular part 4 and the corresponding internal thread 18 of the closure cap 15 have a smaller pitch than the external thread 13 of the tubular part 5 and the corresponding internal thread 12 of the annular part Part 4 on.
- the closure cap 15 When unscrewing the closure cap 15 from the annular part 4, the closure cap 15 therefore moves only a little in the axial direction upwards, while the tubular part 5 moves downwards over a significantly greater distance in the direction of the outlet opening 8 of the container 2. After the element 10 has penetrated the membrane, the projections 14 of the tubular part 5 come out of engagement with the projections 17 of the closure cap 15, so that no further screw movement of the tubular part 5 takes place when the closure cap is unscrewed further.
- the user screws the part shown in FIG. 6 above, which is composed of the closure cap 15, the annular part 4 and the tubular part 5, onto the outlet opening 8 of the container 2 before unscrewing the closure cap 15 from the annular part 4 .
- the outer jacket of the annular part 4 is fluted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Package Specialized In Special Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1008487 | 1998-03-05 | ||
NL1008487 | 1998-03-05 | ||
DE19845686 | 1998-10-05 | ||
DE19845686A DE19845686A1 (de) | 1998-03-05 | 1998-10-05 | Behälter mit einer Auslaßdüse |
PCT/EP1999/001290 WO1999044907A1 (de) | 1998-03-05 | 1999-02-27 | Behälter mit einer auslassdüse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1060106A1 true EP1060106A1 (de) | 2000-12-20 |
EP1060106B1 EP1060106B1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
Family
ID=26049288
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99910301A Expired - Lifetime EP1060106B1 (de) | 1998-03-05 | 1999-02-27 | Behälter mit einer auslassdüse |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6293431B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1060106B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002505236A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1135195C (de) |
AU (1) | AU742209B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9908570A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2322974A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2191420T3 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2236999C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999044907A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITTO20090299A1 (it) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-18 | Marco Rigat | Tappo per contenitori di liquidi, gas o fluidi non pressurizzati. |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IE980530A1 (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-02-09 | Loctite R & D Ltd | Device for Expressing Substances from a Deformable Tube |
DE19855764A1 (de) * | 1998-12-03 | 2000-06-08 | Weimer Pharma Gmbh | Verwendung einer Karpule als Spender sowie Vorrichtung für diese Verwendung |
MXPA02004855A (es) | 1999-11-17 | 2006-06-23 | Fredrick Michael Coory | Tapa perforadora para un recipiente. |
DE10126098B4 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2004-04-29 | Uhu Gmbh & Co. Kg | Behälter zur Aufnahme und Abgabe eines fließfähigen Mediums |
US8105306B2 (en) * | 2002-10-03 | 2012-01-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Skin antiseptic composition dispenser and methods of use |
US7261701B2 (en) * | 2002-10-03 | 2007-08-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Co. | Skin antiseptic composition dispenser and methods of use |
US7544191B2 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2009-06-09 | Baxter International Inc. | Formed, filled, sealed solution container, port and method for establishing flow between the container and an administration set |
US7507226B2 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2009-03-24 | Baxter International Inc. | Access port with safety tab and fluid container employing same |
US7942861B2 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2011-05-17 | Baxter International Inc. | Fluid container with access port and safety cap |
US6726060B1 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-04-27 | Barristo Enterprises, Inc. | Threaded closure for tube opening |
US20050161961A1 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-07-28 | Ruff Eric J. | Hand-held pick-and-place apparatus with adhesive grasping element, components thereof, and associated methods |
WO2005085086A1 (ja) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-15 | Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | 液体容器 |
GB2419351A (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-26 | Multibrands Internat Ltd | Closure cap with plug pin for adhesive container |
US20070147946A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Cornpany | Surgical prep solution applicator |
DE102007007474B3 (de) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-28 | Bernd Hansen | Behältnis |
US8668400B2 (en) | 2007-04-05 | 2014-03-11 | The Hartz Mountain Corporation | Fluid applicator |
US8109236B2 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2012-02-07 | Sumitomo Corporation Of America | Fluid delivery assembly |
DE102007024539A1 (de) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-27 | Fresenius Kabi Deutschland Gmbh | Verschlusskappe für ein Behältnis zur Aufnahme von Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer enteralen Nährlösung und Behältnis mit einer derartigen Verschlusskappe |
US8205762B2 (en) * | 2007-10-07 | 2012-06-26 | Craig Carroll | Safety cap assembly and container system |
US8333288B2 (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-12-18 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Child resistant container having cap and locking ring |
EP3088326A1 (de) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-02 | Afinitica Technologies, S. L. | Displayverpackung für 2-komponenten-cyanoacrylatzusammensetzungen |
US10023362B2 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-07-17 | Amg Co., Ltd. | Tube cosmetic container |
US11772851B2 (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2023-10-03 | Medmix Switzerland Ag | Liquid applicator |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3995773A (en) * | 1974-03-06 | 1976-12-07 | Arctic Pac, Inc. | Flexible liquid containing and dispensing device |
US4271982A (en) * | 1979-09-14 | 1981-06-09 | Dynatron/Bondo Corporation | Glue dispenser |
DE3575685D1 (de) | 1984-02-22 | 1990-03-08 | Colpo Co Ltd | Abgabegeraet mit kartusche. |
US4681243A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1987-07-21 | Colpo Co., Ltd. | Cartridge with plug opening mechanism |
US4640424A (en) * | 1984-04-12 | 1987-02-03 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Self-opening nipple construction and nursing container |
EP0187567B1 (de) * | 1984-12-07 | 1989-08-02 | Simone Morel | Vorrichtung zum Verschliessen von Tuben, Flaschen usw., die durch Drehen geöffnet oder verschlossen werden |
FR2644432B2 (fr) * | 1988-05-11 | 1991-06-14 | Morel Simone | Capsule a enveloppe tournante pour flacons et recipients analogues |
US5052589A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-10-01 | Cp Packaging, Inc. | Unit dose assembly |
DE4126477C2 (de) | 1991-08-07 | 1996-09-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Tube mit einer von einer Membran verschlossenen Mündungsöffnung |
EP0577200B1 (de) * | 1992-07-02 | 1996-07-03 | Laboratorios Cusi, S.A. | Behälter für pharmazeutische Produkte aus zwei gesonderten Komponenten, mit Mitteln zu deren Mischung und dosierter Ausgabe |
JPH0741022A (ja) * | 1993-07-23 | 1995-02-10 | Taoka Chem Co Ltd | ノズルキャップ付容器 |
DE4420719C2 (de) | 1994-06-15 | 1997-11-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Membranverschlossene Tube mit Nadelverschluß |
FR2729920B1 (fr) * | 1995-02-01 | 1997-06-06 | Kerplas Snc | Corps de flacon et flacon de distribution d'un produit |
US5769552A (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 1998-06-23 | Creative Products, Inc. | Fluid product holding and dispensing system |
DE19710878C1 (de) * | 1997-03-15 | 1998-07-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Kartuschensystem |
-
1999
- 1999-02-27 US US09/623,353 patent/US6293431B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-27 EP EP99910301A patent/EP1060106B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-27 RU RU2000125236/12A patent/RU2236999C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-27 ES ES99910301T patent/ES2191420T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-27 CN CNB998036781A patent/CN1135195C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-27 CA CA002322974A patent/CA2322974A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-27 WO PCT/EP1999/001290 patent/WO1999044907A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-02-27 JP JP2000534469A patent/JP2002505236A/ja active Pending
- 1999-02-27 BR BR9908570-4A patent/BR9908570A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-27 AU AU29306/99A patent/AU742209B2/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9944907A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITTO20090299A1 (it) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-18 | Marco Rigat | Tappo per contenitori di liquidi, gas o fluidi non pressurizzati. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002505236A (ja) | 2002-02-19 |
BR9908570A (pt) | 2001-12-18 |
AU2930699A (en) | 1999-09-20 |
RU2236999C2 (ru) | 2004-09-27 |
EP1060106B1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
CN1135195C (zh) | 2004-01-21 |
CA2322974A1 (en) | 1999-09-10 |
CN1292761A (zh) | 2001-04-25 |
ES2191420T3 (es) | 2003-09-01 |
US6293431B1 (en) | 2001-09-25 |
WO1999044907A1 (de) | 1999-09-10 |
AU742209B2 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
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