EP1057369B1 - Induction heating of metals - Google Patents
Induction heating of metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1057369B1 EP1057369B1 EP99906198A EP99906198A EP1057369B1 EP 1057369 B1 EP1057369 B1 EP 1057369B1 EP 99906198 A EP99906198 A EP 99906198A EP 99906198 A EP99906198 A EP 99906198A EP 1057369 B1 EP1057369 B1 EP 1057369B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electric conductor
- conductor
- tube
- workpiece
- conductor according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
- H05B6/42—Cooling of coils
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
- H05B6/40—Establishing desired heat distribution, e.g. to heat particular parts of workpieces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of inductive heating of Workpieces, especially a shaping and clamping system for a flexible Inductor.
- Inductive heating of metals in particular has many applications such as. bonding body parts, hardening and tempering Workpieces.
- Conventional inductors consist of water-cooled rigid ones Copper pipes that are fixed in brackets near the workpiece. Since the Heating of the workpiece exponentially from the distance between the inductor and workpiece surface depends on, each workpiece shape must have its own Inductor can be created, on which corrections are difficult or impossible are.
- a flexible inductor device is made of RWE Energy "inductive heating” (1991). It was used to fix the distance from a turbine runner this first provided with an insulating layer and around this one in one Hose loosely laid flexible cable and this when heated of the runner due to the eddy current that forms in this water cooled to the inductor against the heat conduction present despite the insulation to protect.
- the distance of the flexible cable is determined by the on the Turbine rotor applied insulation winding, the hose wall thickness, which here in the Centimeter range and the irregular position of the conductor in the hose established.
- the heating material is the The inductor shape is the distance between the current conductor and the workpiece surface only adjustable in the centimeter range and thus the thermal efficiency inductive heating relatively low.
- the distance between the conductor in the hose and the workpiece surface also varies up to more than ⁇ 1 cm over the circumferential length.
- the water cooling takes place only on the surface of the conductor and the remaining water channel allows only small flow rates in its cross section, so that only low current densities in the frequency range up to a maximum of 4 kHz can be used.
- From DE-GM 17 33 800 is a cooled conductor for inductive heating of workpieces known, which is in contact with the wall of a Hose is fixable, also GB 2 122 057 discloses a (non-flexible) Inductor, the individual segments of which can be moved by means of holders.
- EP 0 789 438 A2 and DE 195 04 742 A1 are further prior art and EP 0 774 816 A2.
- the disadvantage in any case is that defined Distances between the inductor and workpiece and thus a precise performance input are not possible.
- the SU-A 1 684 940 ultimately shows a flexible water-cooled conductor, but leaves open how the conductor is kept free of its walls.
- the present invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a flexible inductor, in which nevertheless the distances to the workpiece surface are exactly maintained, but these can be varied in a very simple manner, in order to use it to either reproduce contours or produce temperature profiles in the workpiece and also during to be able to change the heating and to create more favorable cooling conditions for the current conductor in order to be able to work with the same conductor system at current densities up to 180 A / mm 2 and frequencies up to 200 kHz.
- the flexible conductor is preferably a copper strand
- the position fixation in the hose can e.g. through openwork rings pushed onto the conductor or through in the tube inserted and welded or glued pins accomplished become.
- the hose has an internal profile, which holds the line offset coaxially or laterally parallel.
- the hose itself can have a round, but also, if necessary, a square, e.g. have a square cross-section.
- the tube itself is preferably fabric reinforced to match the wall thickness ( ⁇ 3 mm) even at higher coolant pressures, which is positive affects the removal of the heat reflected from the workpiece. simultaneously the efficiency is of course also increased by the more effective cooling.
- the invention further proposes a tubular hollow wire as a conductor use, which gives the possibility to also the inside of the Apply coolant to the conductor, so that heat from the duct between Sheathed hoses and strands can also be derived from the internal cooling medium can, to thereby further increase the electrical efficiency.
- the hollow strand advantageously has the tube profile supporting it in its interior Internals, which of course must also be flexible, or from separate, independent parts exist.
- the distance between the inductor and the workpiece is determined according to the invention Brackets encompassing the hose and open towards the workpiece, in that the hose can be inserted anywhere.
- the distances between the brackets are basically freely selectable.
- the brackets are with Connected brackets, which are designed to change position and length desired contours of the workpiece, or the desired to be generated To be able to design heat profiles.
- the inductor is flexible, the set position of the Inductor can be easily changed even during the heating itself. This opens up the possibility of the position of the brackets via a temperature measurement to control, e.g. withdraw after reaching a target value, for example to keep it constant after rapid heating.
- the Brackets are assigned to temperature sensors, their measured value for this serves to adjust the inductor spacing with the help of spindle drives regulate.
- a particularly elegant fixation of the current-carrying conductor is possible with one abutting the inner jacket of the hose, preferably from a Existing plastic spiral, the cooling medium spiraling around the Head is led.
- the helix can be wound around the strand, it can but also manufactured as an inner profile of the hose or before installing the conductor be pushed into the hose as a separate part.
- a new type of coolant power connection for a hollow strand Inductors consists of a metallic nipple with a connecting piece that has a longitudinal bore for the coolant supply and has a union nut on its head as a screw connection.
- the Stutzen has at its free end an annular groove into which the hollow wire is inserted and e.g. is fixed in this by soldering or squeezing.
- the power connection happens here via the free metal parts of the nipple, which in its Internal coolant flow and therefore also from excessive heating is protected.
- FIG. 1 shows a tube 2 made of, in particular, fabric-reinforced plastic, in the interior of which the flexible conductor 1 is laid coaxially.
- this consists of a strand whose diameter is adapted to the intended use.
- the wall thickness of the hose is about 1 to 2 mm.
- the inside of the tube is provided with profiles 3, which the Specify head 1 spatially with respect to the wall, so that a displacement of the Hose 2 to or from a workpiece the conductor to exactly the same extent moved and thus precise settings are made possible.
- profiles 3, which the Specify head 1 spatially with respect to the wall so that a displacement of the Hose 2 to or from a workpiece the conductor to exactly the same extent moved and thus precise settings are made possible.
- the warming exponentially (square) to the distance of the Conductor 1 behaves from the workpiece, so that relatively small distance errors are relatively have a strong impact.
- the distance of the hose wall from the workpiece is typically about 2 mm.
- the channels 8 can also communicate with each other.
- the channels 8 can also communicate with each other.
- the aforementioned small workpiece spacing to generate temperatures of over 800 ° C without additional insulation, without destroying the hose material.
- the water pressure can be 3 to 10 bar, with a high water pressure the desired effect of stiffening the hose considerably so that it is under Print the characteristics of conventional water-flowed copper pipes receives and thus very precisely even with a larger distance between the brackets ( Figure 3, 4) can be positioned.
- Figure 2 shows a variant in which the conductor 1 is offset (towards the workpiece).
- the conductor 1 is located in a tube 9 which has spacers 10. These can have bores 11 through which the channels 8 are connected to one another to improve the heat transport.
- the hoses 2 can of course also be designed in any shape other than round, for example with a square cross section, but this is more likely at low water pressures.
- FIG. 3 shows a particularly preferred variant of the present invention, in which the conductor 1 is a tubular hollow wire. In the present case, this is centered by the profiles 3 and stabilized in its interior by a cross profile 12, which likewise forms channels 8 'for the cooling water supply. Since copper (stranded wire) is a good heat conductor and the meshes of the stranded wire are also flooded, the cooling of the hose is particularly good and a very high workpiece temperature is possible.
- this figure shows the possibility of attaching the hose to any Support structures.
- the hose 2 is in a bracket 4, the encloses the hose 2 at an angle greater than 180 ° and thus this clamps. Since there is no water pressure in the line when installing the inductor the hose is very easy to clamp in the clips 4, after applying water pressure, the hose 2 can be difficult or not without great force can be released.
- the bracket indicates the workpiece directed an opening 6, which is dimensioned so that the durability of the clip 4 is not affected by too high a temperature, of course this is also cooled via the hose 2.
- FIG. 4 shows a typical application on a curved workpiece, such as, for example, in automotive add-on parts, such as doors or flaps, where the outer and inner sheets have to be heated all round or in segments for the gluing.
- a curved workpiece such as, for example, in automotive add-on parts, such as doors or flaps, where the outer and inner sheets have to be heated all round or in segments for the gluing.
- the flexible inductor hose 2 the curved contour can be easily reproduced, the hose 2 being in the brackets 4, which are themselves connected to support plates 13 via brackets 7.
- the brackets 7 have longitudinal adjustments 14, the plates 13 can be set up in height.
- the temperature of the workpiece can be determined via temperature sensors and the distance to the workpiece 5 can then be regulated in order to be able to set the temperature exactly.
- FIG. 5 shows an application in which a roller 19 (or a hollow shaft) is heated with rotation. This has a very different mass distribution and geometry over the length.
- the flexible inductor hose 2 is so spaced with the help of brackets 4 or the brackets 7 and the adjustments 14 or corrected in this regard during heating that the distances correlate with the opposite mass segments, so that the same across the entire component width of the workpiece Temperature gradient is achieved.
- Figure 6 shows a connecting nipple 18 for connecting the inductor hose 2 to the coolant (liquid. Gas).
- This consists of metal (copper) and has a longitudinal bore 21 in its interior through which the cooling medium is supplied. On its head 22 this carries a union nut 20.
- the hose 2 is pushed over the connecting piece 23 and secured with a hose clamp 17.
- the connecting piece 23 has an annular groove 16, in which the hollow wire 24 is inserted and crimped or soldered.
- a support body 25 e.g. on Cross profile (12, Fig. 3) stabilized and on the periphery of a coil 15th consisting of a plastic thread, which acts as a spacer to the inner jacket the hose 2 is used.
- the cooling medium thus flows around the hollow strand 24 spiral, so that this is constantly from the hot side facing the workpiece is led to the opposite cold side. It becomes an im essential vortex-free flow of the cooling medium with maximum cross-section (without backflow).
- the electrical contact is on the nipple 18 on a relatively short Realizable route and ensures a high flexibility of the Electricity / water connection.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet der induktiven Erwärmung von Werkstücken, insbesondere ein Formgebungs- und Spannsystem für einen flexiblen Induktor.The present invention relates to the field of inductive heating of Workpieces, especially a shaping and clamping system for a flexible Inductor.
Die induktive Erwärmung von insbesondere Metallen kennt viele Anwendungen wie z.B. das Verkleben von Karosserieteilen, das Härten und Anlassen von Werkstücken. Herkömmliche Induktoren bestehen aus wassergekühlten starren Kupferrohren, die nahe dem Werkstück in Halterungen fixiert werden. Da die Erwärmung des Werkstücks exponentiell von der Entfernung zwischen Induktor und Werkstückoberfläche abhängt, muß für jede Werkstückform ein eigener Induktor erstellt werden, an welchem Korrekturen nicht oder nur schwer möglich sind.Inductive heating of metals in particular has many applications such as. bonding body parts, hardening and tempering Workpieces. Conventional inductors consist of water-cooled rigid ones Copper pipes that are fixed in brackets near the workpiece. Since the Heating of the workpiece exponentially from the distance between the inductor and workpiece surface depends on, each workpiece shape must have its own Inductor can be created, on which corrections are difficult or impossible are.
Eine flexible Induktorvorrichtung ist aus RWE Energie "Induktive Erwärmung" (1991) bekannt. Dabei wurde zur Fixierung des Abstands von einem Turbinenläufer dieser zunächst mit einer Isolierschicht versehen und um diesen ein in einem Schlauch lose verlegtes flexibles Kabel gewunden und dieses bei der Erwärmung des Läufers durch den sich in diesem ausbildenden Wirbelstrom mit Wasser gekühlt, um den Induktor gegen die trotz der Isolierung vorhandenen Wärmeleitung zu schützen. Der Abstand des flexiblen Kabels ist hierbei durch die auf dem Turbinenläufer aufgebrachte Isolierwicklung, die Schlauchwandstärke, die hier im Zentimeterbereich liegt und die unregelmäßige Lage des Stromleiters im Schlauch festgelegt. Mit dem bekannten System, bei dem das Erwärmungsgut die Induktorform ausbildet, ist der Abstand zwischen Stromleiter und Werkstückoberfläche nur im Zentimeterbereich einstellbar und damit der thermische Wirkungsgrad induktiver Erwärmung relativ gering.A flexible inductor device is made of RWE Energie "inductive heating" (1991). It was used to fix the distance from a turbine runner this first provided with an insulating layer and around this one in one Hose loosely laid flexible cable and this when heated of the runner due to the eddy current that forms in this water cooled to the inductor against the heat conduction present despite the insulation to protect. The distance of the flexible cable is determined by the on the Turbine rotor applied insulation winding, the hose wall thickness, which here in the Centimeter range and the irregular position of the conductor in the hose established. With the known system, in which the heating material is the The inductor shape is the distance between the current conductor and the workpiece surface only adjustable in the centimeter range and thus the thermal efficiency inductive heating relatively low.
Ein weiterer wesentlicher Nachteil besteht darin, daß das zu erwärmende Werkstück durch die geometrische Kopplung mit dem Induktorsystem nur im Stillstand erwärmt werden kann. Dieser Umstand führt immer zu umfassenden Spulensystemen, deren Impedanzanpassung sich sehr umständlich gestaltet Another major disadvantage is that the workpiece to be heated due to the geometrical coupling with the inductor system, only at a standstill can be heated. This always leads to comprehensive coil systems, whose impedance matching is very cumbersome
Außerdem variiert der Abstand des Stromleiters im Schlauch zur Werkstückoberfläche bis zu mehr als ± 1 cm über die Umfangslänge. Die Wasserkühlung erfolgt ausschließlich an der Oberfläche des Stromleiters und der verbleibende Wasserkanal läßt in seinem Querschnitt nur geringe Durchflußmengen zu, so daß nur geringe Stromdichten im Frequenzbereich bis maximal 4 kHz anwendbar sind.The distance between the conductor in the hose and the workpiece surface also varies up to more than ± 1 cm over the circumferential length. The water cooling takes place only on the surface of the conductor and the remaining water channel allows only small flow rates in its cross section, so that only low current densities in the frequency range up to a maximum of 4 kHz can be used.
Aus dem DE-GM 17 33 800 ist ein gekühlter Stromleiter für die induktive Erwärmung
von Werkstücken bekannt, der in Anlage an die Wandung eines
Schlauches fixierbar ist, ebenso offenbart die GB 2 122 057 einen (nicht flexiblen)
Induktor, dessen einzelne Segmente über Halter ortsveränderlich sind.From DE-GM 17 33 800 is a cooled conductor for inductive heating
of workpieces known, which is in contact with the wall of a
Hose is fixable, also
Als weiterer Stand der Technik seien die EP 0 789 438 A2, die DE 195 04 742 A1 und die EP 0 774 816 A2 genannt. Nachteilig ist in jedem Falle, daß definierte Abstände zwischen Induktor und -Werkstück und damit ein zielgenauer Leistungseintrag nicht möglich sind.EP 0 789 438 A2 and DE 195 04 742 A1 are further prior art and EP 0 774 816 A2. The disadvantage in any case is that defined Distances between the inductor and workpiece and thus a precise performance input are not possible.
Die SU-A 1 684 940 letztlich zeigt einen flexiblen wassergekühlten Stromleiter, läßt aber offen, wie der Leiter von seiner Wandung frei gehalten wird.The SU-A 1 684 940 ultimately shows a flexible water-cooled conductor, but leaves open how the conductor is kept free of its walls.
Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich daher die Aufgabe gestellt, einen flexiblen Induktor zu schaffen, bei welchem gleichwohl die Abstände zur Werkstückoberfläche genau eingehalten, diese jedoch auf sehr einfache Weise variiert werden können, um hiermit auch entweder Konturen nachzubilden oder im Werkstück Temperaturprofile herstellen und auch während der Erwärmung verändern zu können sowie günstigere Kühlbedingungen für den Stromleiter zu schaffen, um bei Stromdichten bis 180 A/mm2 und Frequenzen bis 200 kHz mit ein und demselben Leitersystem arbeiten zu können.The present invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a flexible inductor, in which nevertheless the distances to the workpiece surface are exactly maintained, but these can be varied in a very simple manner, in order to use it to either reproduce contours or produce temperature profiles in the workpiece and also during to be able to change the heating and to create more favorable cooling conditions for the current conductor in order to be able to work with the same conductor system at current densities up to 180 A / mm 2 and frequencies up to 200 kHz.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt mit einem flüssigkeits- oder gasgekühlten Stromleiter für die induktive Erwärmung von Werkstücken bestehend aus einem flexiblen Leiter sowie einem, diesen mit Abstand umgebenden, elektrisch isolierenden Schlauch erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß der Leiter im Schlauch frei von dessen Wandung achsparallel fixiert und über voneinander getrennte Halterungen zum Werkstück variierbar festlegbar ist. This task is solved with a liquid or gas-cooled Conductor for the inductive heating of workpieces consisting of one flexible conductor as well as an electrically insulating one that surrounds it at a distance Hose according to the invention in that the conductor in the hose is free of the wall is fixed axially parallel and via separate brackets can be set variably to the workpiece.
Dadurch, daß der Leiter innerhalb des Schlauches lagefixiert ist, ergeben sich wesentliche Vorteile. Zum einen werden konstante Volumenverhältnisse für den Strom des flüssigen Kühlmediums geschaffen, d.h. der Wärmetransport ist über die Länge des Induktors konstant. Zum anderen läßt sich der Schlauch biegen, es können somit Konturen sehr leicht nachgebildet werden, wobei die Halterungen diesen zum Werkstück und in gewünschtem Abstand festlegen, so daß Temperaturvorgaben sehr genau eingehalten und auch leicht verändert werden können.The fact that the conductor is fixed in position inside the hose gives rise to essential factors Benefits. On the one hand, constant volume ratios for the Flow of liquid cooling medium created, i.e. the heat transfer is over the length of the inductor constant. On the other hand, the hose can be bent, it contours can thus be easily reproduced using the brackets fix this to the workpiece and at the desired distance so that temperature specifications adhered to very precisely and can also be easily changed.
Der flexible Leiter ist vorzugsweise eine Kupferlitze, die Lagefixierung im Schlauch kann z.B. über durchbrochene, auf den Leiter geschobene Ringe oder durch in den Schlauch gesteckte und verschweißte oder verklebte Stifte bewerkstelligt werden. In besonders bevorzugter Weise besitzt der Schlauch eine innere Profilierung, welche die Leitung koaxial oder auch seitlich parallel versetzt festhält.The flexible conductor is preferably a copper strand, the position fixation in the hose can e.g. through openwork rings pushed onto the conductor or through in the tube inserted and welded or glued pins accomplished become. In a particularly preferred manner, the hose has an internal profile, which holds the line offset coaxially or laterally parallel.
Der Schlauch selbst kann einen runden, aber auch bedarfsweise auch einen eckigen, z.B. quadratischen Querschnitt aufweisen.The hose itself can have a round, but also, if necessary, a square, e.g. have a square cross-section.
Der Schlauch selbst ist vorzugsweise gewebeverstärkt, um die Wandstärke (≤ 3 mm) auch bei höheren Kühlmitteldrücken niedrig zu halten, was sich positiv auf den Abtransport der vom Werkstück rückgestrahlten Wärme auswirkt. Gleichzeitig wird natürlich auch durch die effektivere Kühlung der Wirkungsgrad erhöht.The tube itself is preferably fabric reinforced to match the wall thickness (≤ 3 mm) even at higher coolant pressures, which is positive affects the removal of the heat reflected from the workpiece. simultaneously the efficiency is of course also increased by the more effective cooling.
Die Erfindung schlägt weiterhin vor, als Leiter eine schlauchartige Hohllitze zu verwenden, wobei hierdurch die Möglichkeit gegeben ist, auch das Innere des Leiters mit Kühlmittel zu beaufschlagen, so daß Wärme aus dem Kanal zwischen Mantelschiauch und Litze auch an das innere Kühlmedium abgeleitet werden kann, um hierdurch weiterhin den elektrischen Wirkungsgrad zu erhöhen.The invention further proposes a tubular hollow wire as a conductor use, which gives the possibility to also the inside of the Apply coolant to the conductor, so that heat from the duct between Sheathed hoses and strands can also be derived from the internal cooling medium can, to thereby further increase the electrical efficiency.
Die Hohllitze weist dazu vorteilhaft in ihrem Inneren das Schlauchprofil stützende Einbauten auf, die natürlich ebenfalls flexibel sein müssen, bzw. aus separaten, voneinander unabhängigen Teilen bestehen.For this purpose, the hollow strand advantageously has the tube profile supporting it in its interior Internals, which of course must also be flexible, or from separate, independent parts exist.
Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, den Induktor mit Hilfe des Kühlmediums (Wasser, Gas) auszusteifen. wozu im Schlauchinneren ein Druck von etwa 3 - 10 bar aufrechterhalten wird, wobei das Kühlmittel mit einer Geschwindigkeit von beispielsweise etwa 2 - 10 m/sec strömt.It is also proposed to use the cooling medium (water, Gas) to stiffen. why maintain a pressure of about 3 - 10 bar inside the hose the coolant at a speed of, for example flows about 2 - 10 m / sec.
Die Festlegung des Abstandes des Induktor zum Werkstück erfolgt erfindungsgemäß über den Schlauch umfassende und zum Werkstück hin offene Klammern, in die der Schlauch an beliebiger Stelle eingefügt werden kann. Die Abstände zwischen den Klammern sind dabei grundsätzlich frei wählbar. Die Klammern sind mit Halterungen verbunden, die lage- und längenveränderlich ausgebildet sind, um gewünschte Konturen des Werkstücks, bzw. des gewünschten zu erzeugenden Wärmeprofils gestalten zu können.The distance between the inductor and the workpiece is determined according to the invention Brackets encompassing the hose and open towards the workpiece, in that the hose can be inserted anywhere. The distances between the brackets are basically freely selectable. The brackets are with Connected brackets, which are designed to change position and length desired contours of the workpiece, or the desired to be generated To be able to design heat profiles.
Dadurch, daß der Induktor flexibel ist, kann natürlich die eingestellte Position des Induktors auch während der Erwärmung selbst leicht verändert werden. Dies eröffnet die Möglichkeit, die Lage der Klammern über eine Temperaturmessung zu steuern, um diese z.B. nach Erreichen eines Sollwertes zurückzuziehen, beispielsweise um diese dadurch nach schneller Aufheizung konstant zu halten.Because the inductor is flexible, the set position of the Inductor can be easily changed even during the heating itself. This opens up the possibility of the position of the brackets via a temperature measurement to control, e.g. withdraw after reaching a target value, for example to keep it constant after rapid heating.
Dies kann auch zu einer automatischen Regelung verwendet werden, wobei den Klammern jeweils Temperaturfühler zugeordnet werden, deren Meßwert dazu dient, die Einstellung des Induktorabstandes mit Hilfe von Spindeltrieben zu regeln.This can also be used for automatic control, the Brackets are assigned to temperature sensors, their measured value for this serves to adjust the inductor spacing with the help of spindle drives regulate.
Eine besonders elegante Fixierung des stromführenden Leiters gelingt mit einer an dem Innenmantel des Schlauches anliegenden, vorzugsweise aus einem Kunststoffaden bestehenden Wendel, wobei das Kühlmedium spiralig um den Leiter geführt wird. Die Wendel kann dabei um die Litze gewicklet sein, sie kann aber auch als Innenprofil des Schlauches gefertigt oder vor der Montage des Leiters als separates Teil in den Schlauch geschoben sein.A particularly elegant fixation of the current-carrying conductor is possible with one abutting the inner jacket of the hose, preferably from a Existing plastic spiral, the cooling medium spiraling around the Head is led. The helix can be wound around the strand, it can but also manufactured as an inner profile of the hose or before installing the conductor be pushed into the hose as a separate part.
Letztlich wird ein neuartiger Kühlmittel-Stromanschluß für eine Hohllitze aufweisende Induktoren vorgeschlagen. Dieser besteht aus einem metallischen Nippel mit einem Anschlußstutzen, der eine Längsbohrung für die Kühlmittelzuleitung aufweist und an seinem Kopf eine Überwurfmutter als Verschraubung trägt. Der Stutzen besitzt an seinem freien Ende eine Ringnut, in welche die Hohllitze eingefügt und z.B. durch Verlöten oder Quetschen in dieser fixiert ist. Der Stromanschluß geschieht hierbei über die freien Metallteile des Nippels, der in seinem Inneren kühlmitteldurchflossen und somit ebenfalls vor übermäßiger Erwärmung geschützt ist.Ultimately, a new type of coolant power connection for a hollow strand Inductors suggested. This consists of a metallic nipple with a connecting piece that has a longitudinal bore for the coolant supply and has a union nut on its head as a screw connection. The Stutzen has at its free end an annular groove into which the hollow wire is inserted and e.g. is fixed in this by soldering or squeezing. The power connection happens here via the free metal parts of the nipple, which in its Internal coolant flow and therefore also from excessive heating is protected.
Anhand der beiliegenden Figuren wird die vorliegende Erfindung erläutert.The present invention is explained on the basis of the attached figures.
Dabei zeigen
- Figur 1
- einen Querschnitt durch einen Induktor mit zentraler Anordnung des Leiters;
-
Figur 2 - einen solchen mit seitlich versetztem Leiter;
-
Figur 3 - einen Induktor mit Hohlleiter und
-
Figur 4 - ein Anwendungsbeispiel;
-
Figur 5 - ein weiteres Anwendungsbeispiel und
-
Figur 6 - den Anschluß eines Hohlleiters an das Kühlmedium.
- Figure 1
- a cross section through an inductor with a central arrangement of the conductor;
- Figure 2
- one with a laterally offset conductor;
- Figure 3
- an inductor with waveguide and
- Figure 4
- an application example;
- Figure 5
- another application example and
- Figure 6
- the connection of a waveguide to the cooling medium.
Figur 1 zeigt einen Schlauch 2 aus insbesondere gewebeverstärktem Kunststoff,
in dessen Innerem koaxial der flexible Leiter 1 verlegt ist. Dieser besteht vorliegend
aus einer Litze, deren Durchmesser an den Verwendungszweck angepaßt
ist. Die Wandstärke des Schlauches beträgt dabei etwa 1 bis 2 mm. FIG. 1 shows a
Der Schlauch ist in seinem Inneren mit Profilierungen 3 versehen, welche den
Leiter 1 in Bezug auf die Wandung räumlich festlegen, so daß ein Versetzen des
Schlauches 2 zu oder von einem Werkstück den Leiter in exakt dem selben Maße
bewegt und somit präzise Einstellungen ermöglicht werden. Dabei ist darauf hinzuweisen,
daß die Erwärmung sich exponentiell (quadratisch) zum Abstand des
Leiters 1 vom Werkstück verhält, so daß relativ kleine Abstandsfehler eine relativ
starke Auswirkung haben. Der Abstand der Schlauchwandung vom Werkstück
beträgt typischerweise etwa 2 mm.The inside of the tube is provided with
Im Inneren des Schlauches 2 befinden sich Kanäle 8, die von Kühlwasser durchflossen
sind, wobei die Kanäle 8 auch miteinander kommunizieren können. Durch
die Kühlung ist es möglich, bei dem vorerwähnten geringen Werkstückabstand
ohne zusätzliche Isolierung Temperaturen von bis zu über 800 °C zu erzeugen,
ohne das Schlauchmaterial zu zerstören. Dabei wird im Schlauch eine Strömungsgeschwindigkeit
von etwa 15 m/sec aufrechterhalten. Da der Leiter 1 wasserumströmt
ist, kann diese Art der Werkstückerwärmung somit auch bei explosionsgefährdeten
Anwendungen eingesetzt werden.Inside the
Der Wasserdruck kann 3 bis 10 bar betragen, ein hoher Wasserdruck hat dabei den erwünschten Effekt, den Schlauch erheblich auszusteifen, so daß er unter Druck die Charakteristik herkömmlicher wasserdurchflossener Kupferleitungen erhält und somit sehr genau auch bei größerem Abstand der Halterungen (Figur 3, 4) positioniert werden kann.The water pressure can be 3 to 10 bar, with a high water pressure the desired effect of stiffening the hose considerably so that it is under Print the characteristics of conventional water-flowed copper pipes receives and thus very precisely even with a larger distance between the brackets (Figure 3, 4) can be positioned.
Figur 2 zeigt eine Variante, bei welcher einmal der Leiter 1 (zum Werkstück hin)
versetzt ist. Zum anderen befindet sich der Leiter 1 in einem Rohr 9 das Distanzstücke
10 aufweist. Diese können Bohrungen 11 besitzen, über welche die Kanäle
8 zur Verbesserung des Wärmetransports miteinander verbunden sind. Die
Schläuche 2 können natürlich außer rund auch in beliebigen anderen Formen, wie
z.B. mit quadratischen Querschnitt gestaltet sein, was jedoch eher bei niedrigen
Wasserdrücken in Frage kommt. Figure 2 shows a variant in which the conductor 1 is offset (towards the workpiece). On the other hand, the conductor 1 is located in a tube 9 which has
Figur 3 zeigt eine besonders bevorzugte Variante der vorliegenden Erfindung, bei
welcher der Leiter 1 eine schlauchartige Hohllitze ist. Vorliegend ist diese durch
die Profilierungen 3 zentriert und in ihrem Inneren durch ein Kreuzprofil 12 stabilisiert,
das ebenfalls Kanäle 8' für die Kühlwasserführung bildet. Da Kupfer(litze) ein
guter Wärmeleiter ist und die Maschen der Litze ebenfalls geflutet werden, ist
hierbei die Kühlung des Schlauches besonders gut und somit eine sehr hohe
Werkstücktemperatur möglich. FIG. 3 shows a particularly preferred variant of the present invention, in which the conductor 1 is a tubular hollow wire. In the present case, this is centered by the
Weiterhin zeigt diese Figur die Befestigungsmöglichkeit des Schlauches an beliebigen
Stützkonstruktionen. Der Schlauch 2 liegt hierbei in einer Klammer 4, die
den Schlauch 2 in einem Winkel größer als 180° umschließt und diesen somit
einklemmt. Da bei Montage des Induktors kein Wasserdruck in der Leitung
ansteht, ist das Einklemmen des Schlauches in die Klammern 4 sehr einfach,
nach Anlegen von Wasserdruck kann der Schlauch 2 nur schwer oder nicht ohne
große Krafteinwirkung gelöst werden. Die Klammer weist zum Werkstück hin
gerichtet einen Öffnung 6 auf, die so bemessen ist, daß die Haltbarkeit der Klammer
4 nicht durch zu hohe Temperatur beeinträchtigt wird, wobei diese natürlich
auch über den Schlauch 2 gekühlt wird.Furthermore, this figure shows the possibility of attaching the hose to any
Support structures. The
Figur 4 zeigt einen typischen Anwendungsfall an einem gekrümmten Werkstück,
wie beispielsweise bei KFZ-Anbauteilen, wie z.B. Türen oder Klappen, wo Außenund
Innenblech umlaufend oder segmentweise für das Verkleben zu erwärmen
sind. Mit dem flexiblen Induktorschlauch 2 läßt sich die gekrümmte Kontur gut
nachbilden, wobei der Schlauch 2 in den Klammern 4 liegt, die selbst wieder über
Halterungen 7 mit Trageplatten 13 verbunden sind. Die Halterungen 7 weisen
Längsverstellungen 14 auf, die Platten 13 können in der Höhe eingerichtet werden.
Über Temperatursensoren kann die Temperatur des Werkstücks ermittelt
und der Abstand zum Werkstück 5 danach geregelt werden, um die Temperatur
exakt einstellen zu können. FIG. 4 shows a typical application on a curved workpiece, such as, for example, in automotive add-on parts, such as doors or flaps, where the outer and inner sheets have to be heated all round or in segments for the gluing. With the
Figur 5 zeigt einen Anwendungsfall, bei welchem eine Walze 19 (oder eine Hohlwelle)
unter Rotation erwärmt wird. Diese weist eine sehr unterschiedliche Massenverteilung
und Geometrie über die Länge auf. Der flexible Induktorschlauch 2
wird derart mit Hilfe von Klammern 4 bzw. der Halterungen 7 und der Verstellungen
14 in Abstand gebracht bzw. diesbezüglich bei der Erwärmung korrigiert, daß
die Abstände mit den gegenüberliegenden Massesegmenten korrelieren, so daß
über die gesamte Bauteilbreite des Werkstücks ein gleicher Temperaturgradient
erzielt wird. FIG. 5 shows an application in which a roller 19 (or a hollow shaft) is heated with rotation. This has a very different mass distribution and geometry over the length. The
Figur 6 zeigt einen Anschlußnippel 18 für den Anschluß des Induktorschlauches 2
an das Kühlmittel (Flüssigkeit. Gas). Dieser besteht aus Metall (Kupfer) und weis t
in seinem Inneren eine Längsbohrung 21 auf, über die das Kühlmedium zugeleitet
wird. An seinem Kopf 22 trägt dieser eine Überwurfmutter 20. Über den
Anschlußstutzen 23 ist der Schlauch 2 geschoben und mit einer Schlauchschelle
17 gesichert. Figure 6 shows a connecting
An seinem vorderen Ende weist der Anschlußstutzen 23 eine Ringnut 16 auf, in
welche die Hohllitze 24 eingefügt und gequetscht oder verlötet ist.At its front end, the connecting
In ihrem Inneren ist die Hohllitze 24 durch einen Stützkörper 25 z.B. ein
Kreuzprofil (12, Fig. 3) stabilisiert und an der Peripherie von einer Wendel 15
bestehend aus einem Kunststoffaden umfaßt, der als Distanzstück zum Innenmantel
des Schlauches 2 dient. Das Kühlmedium umströmt somit die Hohllitze 24
spiralförmig, so daß dieses ständig von der dem Werkstück zugewandten Warmseite
zur gegenüberliegenden Kaltseite geführt wird. Es wird hierdurch ein im
wesentlichen wirbelfreier Durchfluß des Kühlmediums bei maximalem Querschnitt
(ohne Rückstrom) erzielt.Inside the
Die elektrische Kontaktierung ist über den Nippel 18 auf einer relativ kurzen
Wegstrecke realisierbar und gewährleistet eine hohe Flexibilität des
Strom/Wasseranschlusses. The electrical contact is on the
- 11
- Leiterladder
- 22
- Schlauchtube
- 33
- Profilierungenprofiles
- 44
- Klammernclinch
- 55
- Werkstückworkpiece
- 66
- Öffnungopening
- 77
- Halterungbracket
- 8, 8'8, 8 '
- Kanälechannels
- 99
- Rohrpipe
- 1010
- Distanzstückespacers
- 1111
- Bohrungendrilling
- 1212
- Kreuzprofilcross profile
- 1313
- Trageplattencarrying plates
- 1414
- Längsverstellungenlongitudinal adjustments
- 1515
- Kunststoffadensynthetic thread
- 1616
- Ringnutring groove
- 1717
- Schlauchschellehose clamp
- 1818
- Anschlußnippelconnecting nipple
- 1919
- Walze oder HohlwelleRoller or hollow shaft
- 2020
- ÜberwurfmutterNut
- 2121
- Längsbohrunglongitudinal bore
- 2222
- Kopfhead
- 2323
- Anschlußstutzenconnecting branch
- 2424
- Hohllitzehollow stranded conductor
- 2525
- Stützkörpersupport body
Claims (14)
- Liquid-cooled or gas-cooled electric conductor for the induction heating of workpieces, comprising a flexible conductor (1) and an electrically insulating tube (2) which surrounds said conductor at a distance, characterized in that the conductor (1) is fixed in the tube (2) so as to be axially parallel and away from the wall of said tube, and can be fixed in variable positions with respect to the workpiece via holders (7).
- Electric conductor - according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (2) has profiled sections (3) oriented inward.
- Electric conductor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tube (2) is a fabric-reinforced plastic tube.
- Electric conductor according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electric conductor (1) is a hollow stranded conductor (3).
- Electric conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that the hollow stranded conductor (3) has a flexible support in the interior.
- Electric conductor according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it has water applied to it at a pressure of 10-30 bar.
- Electric conductor according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is held in clamps (4) which have an opening (6) toward the workpiece (5) to be heated.
- Electric conductor according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the clamps (4) are fastened to variable-length holders (7).
- Electric conductor according to claim 8, characterized in that the clamps (4) are assigned temperature sensors, and in that the distance between the tube (2) or the separate clamps (4) and the workpiece can be controlled on the basis of the measured temperature.
- Electric conductor according to claim 6, characterized in that the holders (7) can be moved via spindle drives.
- Electric conductor according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the conductor (1) is surrounded by a helix (15), which fixes said conductor inside the tube (2).
- Electric conductor according to one or more of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the ends are drawn over a connecting spigot (23) of a metal nipple (18) which, in its interior, has a longitudinal bore, and, at its free end, the spigot (23) is connected to the hollow stranded conductor (24).
- Electric conductor according to claim 12, characterized in that the hollow stranded conductor (24) is held in an annular groove (16) in the connecting spigot (23).
- Electric conductor according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the nipple (18) has a head (22) against which a union nut (20) bears.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19807099A DE19807099C2 (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1998-02-20 | Induction heating of metals |
| DE19807099 | 1998-02-20 | ||
| PCT/EP1999/000442 WO1999043187A1 (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1999-01-23 | Induction heating of metals |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1057369A1 EP1057369A1 (en) | 2000-12-06 |
| EP1057369B1 true EP1057369B1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
Family
ID=7858364
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99906198A Expired - Lifetime EP1057369B1 (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1999-01-23 | Induction heating of metals |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6323469B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1057369B1 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR018288A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE216828T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2621499A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19807099C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999043187A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040070938A1 (en) * | 2001-01-04 | 2004-04-15 | Hazelton Andrew J. | Circulating system for a conductor |
| DE10203788A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-21 | Siemens Ag | Electrical conductor arrangement and use of the electrical conductor arrangement |
| US7323666B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2008-01-29 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Inductively heatable components |
| JPWO2007032391A1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2009-03-19 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Conductor for vehicle |
| HUE031472T2 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2017-07-28 | Andreas Nebelung | Device and method for inductively heating metal components during welding, using a cooled flexible induction element |
| DE102010054363B3 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-12-29 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Device useful for heat treatment of prolonged material of steel, comprises induction unit with inductor and coolant spray, respectively for heating and cooling material, and holding device with two receivers in its longitudinal direction |
| DE102011082611A1 (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2013-03-14 | Franz Haimer Maschinenbau Kg | Induction coil unit |
| DE102011086212B4 (en) | 2011-11-11 | 2013-08-01 | Universität Stuttgart | Device for connecting two electrical lines |
| DE102014015564A1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-21 | Dynamic E Flow Gmbh | Electric capillary conductor unit |
| JP6440057B2 (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2018-12-19 | 住友電工焼結合金株式会社 | High frequency heating coil |
| CN104078145B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽弘毅电缆集团有限公司 | Large-carrying-capacity power cable with heat easy to dissipate |
| DE102017120725A1 (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-14 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | HEATING DEVICE FOR AN ELECTRICAL LINE, EQUIPPED LINE ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR HEATING AN ELECTRICAL LINE |
| DE102019205466A1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Cable sheath for a high-current cable of a vehicle |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE523823C (en) * | 1931-04-28 | Hirsch Kupfer Und Messingwerke | Coil for induction furnaces, consisting of a conductive and a heat dissipating part | |
| DE1733800U (en) * | 1954-09-17 | 1956-11-15 | Siemens Ag | LOW FREQUENCY INDUCTION COIL. |
| FR1390138A (en) * | 1964-04-27 | 1965-02-19 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Induction heating coil |
| DE2402851A1 (en) * | 1974-01-22 | 1975-07-24 | Felten & Guilleaume Kabelwerk | Water-cooled high voltage cable - has sulphur hexafluoride insulation and sheath of A1 alloy |
| GB1522955A (en) * | 1974-12-03 | 1978-08-31 | Rolls Royce | Induction heating apparatus |
| GB2122057B (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1985-10-23 | Glaverbel | Glazing panels |
| GB2130860A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-06-06 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Induced current heating probe |
| US4668850A (en) * | 1984-01-12 | 1987-05-26 | Akebono Brake Industry Co. Ltd. | High frequency induction heating device for brake shoe lining |
| SU1684940A1 (en) * | 1989-01-04 | 1991-10-15 | Научно-Производственное Объединение По Технологии Механосборочного Производства И Специального Технологического Оборудования "Вптитяжмаш" | Device for induction heating of parts |
| DE4109818A1 (en) * | 1990-12-22 | 1991-11-14 | Edwin Schmidt | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DEEP-FREEZING ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR CURRENT COILS |
| FR2693072B1 (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-09-02 | Celes | Improvements to the coils of the induction heating system. |
| US5461215A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-10-24 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Fluid cooled litz coil inductive heater and connector therefor |
| DE19504742A1 (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-22 | Intec Induktions Techn Gmbh | Water-cooled heavy-current cable joining HF source to inductor |
| CA2186336A1 (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-16 | Bertil Moritz | Gas-insulated cable |
| DE19604480A1 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1997-08-14 | Asea Brown Boveri | Line section of a gas-insulated line |
| BR9701473A (en) | 1996-04-22 | 1998-09-08 | Illinois Tool Works | System and method for inductive heating of a workpiece and system for continuous segmented inductive heating of a workpiece |
-
1998
- 1998-02-20 DE DE19807099A patent/DE19807099C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-01-23 DE DE59901299T patent/DE59901299D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-23 EP EP99906198A patent/EP1057369B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-23 AU AU26214/99A patent/AU2621499A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-01-23 AT AT99906198T patent/ATE216828T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-01-23 US US09/622,033 patent/US6323469B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-23 WO PCT/EP1999/000442 patent/WO1999043187A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-02-23 AR ARP990100692A patent/AR018288A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2621499A (en) | 1999-09-06 |
| DE59901299D1 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
| AR018288A1 (en) | 2001-11-14 |
| ATE216828T1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| EP1057369A1 (en) | 2000-12-06 |
| WO1999043187A1 (en) | 1999-08-26 |
| DE19807099C2 (en) | 2000-02-17 |
| US6323469B1 (en) | 2001-11-27 |
| DE19807099A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
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