EP1055084A1 - Haffage and produits - Google Patents

Haffage and produits

Info

Publication number
EP1055084A1
EP1055084A1 EP99900951A EP99900951A EP1055084A1 EP 1055084 A1 EP1055084 A1 EP 1055084A1 EP 99900951 A EP99900951 A EP 99900951A EP 99900951 A EP99900951 A EP 99900951A EP 1055084 A1 EP1055084 A1 EP 1055084A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
enclosure
region
outlet
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99900951A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1055084B1 (en
Inventor
Celso Zerbinatti
Dominique 8 résidence des Pépinières ROBILLARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1055084A1 publication Critical patent/EP1055084A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1055084B1 publication Critical patent/EP1055084B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for heating products in an enclosure which is itself heated by burner (s) and more particularly to a process for heating products, in particular glassware to be worked, and a burner for implementing this process.
  • glass products must be taken in a broad sense including in particular the products of the glassware sector and those of the crystal industry.
  • the enclosures have internally an approximately cylindrical general shape of revolution and their wall is crossed by a workpiece (x) or is housed an end part of a burner.
  • the ports are distributed over the length of the enclosure along one or more generatrices of the cylinder, and they pass right through the wall not radially but in a direction allowing an almost tangent connection of an internal lateral wall of the opening to the internal wall of the approximately cylindrical enclosure.
  • the burners are generally of a type known as "tube in tube”, that is to say that they have a coaxial twin-tube structure of generally cylindrical shape; these burners heat the enclosure in a localized manner, the distribution of the enclosure in the refractory lining of the wall being very inhomogeneous, the hottest region being that which is in alignment with the longitudinal axis of 1 and immediately around.
  • the use of so-called "multi-hole” burners does not seem to have led hitherto reliably to a better homogeneity of heating of the interior wall of the enclosure.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create a method and a burner by which the internal wall of the enclosure is homogeneously heated and having good processing safety.
  • the object of the invention is to design a burner providing a flame capable of adapting to the shape of the internal wall of the enclosure.
  • the method and the burner according to the invention can also be used for a large number of other applications, and it is in particular possible to envisage keeping the glass at temperature at the level of the distributors, known in the art under the name of "feeders", glass furnaces, as well as the fields of rolling, re-burning, and cutting of glass, without the presence of "darts”.
  • the invention relates to a method of heating products in an enclosure by means of at least one flame produced by a burner housed at least partially in a housing formed in a wall of the enclosure possibly via '' an attached burner, characterized in that one introduces into a burner inlet region separate streams of pressurized combustible gas and pressurized oxidant gas, these two streams of gas are transmitted separately to the burner separate chambers by means of which the respective pressures of the two gas streams are balanced, the gases from the balancing chambers are discharged to two burner streams to a burner outlet region, and the two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner by two respective separate and adjacent outlet slots formed in the outlet region, in the form of two adjacent laminar streams, in a flame, to mix the two gases only partially in the flame so that it has a flame profile having a region where the oxidant is in excess and which in turn determines a region of oxidizing enclosure and at least one region where the oxidizer is at fault and which in turn determines a region
  • the method according to the invention can also have one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner into an enclosure internally of generally approximately cylindrical shape, transversely and approximately tangentially so that the flame matches the interior circular shape of the enclosure by defining therein on one side an oxidizing region and the other a reducing region; - Also introduced into the enclosure, by at least one determined channel between an outer face of the burner and an inner face of the housing of the enclosure or of a workpiece, a current of air induced by the two streams of pressurized gas thrown out of the burner; - One also introduces into the enclosure, by two determined channels each between an outer face of the burner and an inner face of the housing of the enclosure or of the workpiece, two induced air currents on either side of the two currents respectively adjacent combustible and oxidizing gas.
  • the invention also relates to a burner for producing a flame in a chamber for heating products from two gas streams coming from an outlet region of the burner, characterized in that it comprises two inlet channels separated respectively for a pressurized combustible gas and for a pressurized oxidizing gas, at least two balancing chambers separated respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant and connected one to the inlet channel for the fuel and the other to the inlet channel for the oxidant, and two separate outlet channels respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant and connected one to the chamber for the fuel and the other to the chamber for the oxidant, opening out of the burner into the outlet region thereof by two adjacent slots, and in that at least the two outlet channels are separated by a partition having opposite walls delimiting respectively the outlet channel tie for the fuel and the outlet channel for the oxidant with a respective burner wall opposite the partition. Thanks to this structure, the position of the burners can be turned upside down so that the relative position of the region of the flame where the oxidant is in excess and of the region of the flame
  • Each balancing chamber has at least two compartments which follow one another upstream downstream of the burner and are connected by conduits; the conduits extend in a region between two compartments by communicating these near a wall of the burner opposite a partition between the chambers respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant; - the walls of the partition are approximately flat and parallel;
  • each outlet channel which is opposite a wall of the partition is approximately flat and parallel to this wall of the partition; - The wall of each outlet channel which is opposite to a wall of the partition extends in the direction of the outlet region by converging very slightly with this wall of the partition; the outlet channels extend towards the outlet region in very slightly convergent directions;
  • the slots have a height of one order of a tenth of a millimeter to a few millimeters; the slots have a length of several centimeters; - the rooms include approximately parallelepiped compartments;
  • balancing chambers consist of cascade compartments connected by conduits facilitates pressure balancing and prevents the formation of a so-called "pointed" flame.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a burner according to the invention, showing the positioning of the latter in the wall of the heating enclosure,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the burner of FIG. 1,
  • - Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the burner of Figure 1
  • - Figure 4 is a schematic cross section of a heating enclosure showing the operation according to the method according to the invention, of the burner of Figures 1 to 3.
  • This burner is intended to be traversed by a stream of pressurized combustible gas and by a stream of pressurized oxidizing gas brought into its inlet region by separate supply lines, and to evacuate them in an appropriate manner through separate orifices. arranged in its outlet region, according to the invention, without having been previously mixed.
  • the burner has two separate inlet channels 1, 2, respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant, opening into one of the burner faces (inlet face), to which are connected two respective chambers 3, 4 for balancing the pressures also separate, or two separate groups of balancing chambers.
  • the inlet channels In the region where the inlet channels open into their respective balancing chambers, they have a narrowed section in order to determine an abutment shoulder for the end of their supply line.
  • Two separate outlet channels 5, 6 respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant are connected the first to the chamber 3 for the fuel and the second for the chamber 4 for the oxidant.
  • These channels open out of the burner, in the outlet region thereof, through two orifices in the form of two adjacent slots 7, 8 formed in the face of the burner opposite and parallel to the inlet face (outlet face) .
  • the burner is preferably made up of several assembled parts and then comprises two half-burners arranged one for the passage of fuel and the other for the passage of oxidant.
  • an intermediate piece 9 is inserted between the two half-burners to serve as a partition between them, which makes it possible to produce at least the outlet channels 5, 6 in the form of recesses in the facing faces of the two burners, and as in the figures, also compartments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B of the pressure balancing chambers 3, 4.
  • the two half-burners being placed opposite with their corresponding recesses opposite, the outlet channels 5, 6 and possibly the compartments of the chambers 3, 4 are delimited on one side by a wall of the partition 9 and on the opposite side by a wall of the half-burner, which extend to the outlet face, in the outlet region of the burner.
  • the balancing chambers 3, 4 comprise several compartments, here two compartments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, succeeding each other from upstream to downstream of the housing and connected by conduits 3C, 3D.
  • the walls of the partition 9 are approximately flat and parallel, and the same is true of the wall of each chamber 3, 4 and of each outlet channel 5, 6 which is opposite the partition .
  • this facing wall can be inclined, and in particular that of the outlet channel can converge in the partition 9 in the direction of the outlet face; under these conditions, the general directions of the two output channels are very slightly convergent.
  • the height of the slots 7, 8 is of the order of a tenth of a millimeter to a few millimeters and generally in the range of 0.2 to 5.0 mm; it is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 3.0 mm, for example 0.4 to 1.5 mm for a fuel consisting of natural gas and 1 mm to 3.0 mm for an oxidizer consisting of l 'oxygen.
  • the slots extend over a few centimeters, and generally over the greater part of the length of the outlet face, for example 160 mm for a face 170 mm long.
  • the height of the slots is chosen according to:
  • Obtaining a suitable flame is also linked to the ratio between the length of each outlet channel and the height of the corresponding slot.
  • a "channel length / slit height" ratio of approximately at least 20 seems to be necessary to correctly evacuate each of the two gas streams in the flame.
  • the compartments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B of the two chambers of each half-burner are here of generally parallelepipedal shape and of approximately equal dimensions, namely fifteen millimeters upstream downstream and ten millimeters high; the compartments extend approximately the same distance as the outlet channels 5, 6.
  • the conduits 3C, 4C connecting the compartments have a length of a few millimeters, for example 2 to 3 mm, and a section of a few square millimeters, for example 3 to 10
  • conduits 3C, 4C are distributed approximately regularly over the width of the compartments, and here there are 8 conduits 3C, 4C at a pitch of about twenty millimeters.
  • these dimensions correspond to a particular application example and can be modified so that the pressure balancing chambers 3, 4 fulfill their role consisting in avoiding the preferential passage of the fluids below the inlet, and to make it possible to obtain a homogeneous "knife" flame with a straight profile.
  • the conduits 3C, 4C are distant from the corresponding outlet channel 5, 6, and in particular from the partition 9; preferably, they extend in a region between two compartments so as to communicate these near their wall belonging to the half-burner; advantageously, they are constituted by cylindrical drillings approximately tangent to this wall.
  • the bevels 10 connect the outlet face of the burner respectively to the faces parallel to the partition.
  • the angle ⁇ of each beveled face 10 with respect to the face parallel to the partition to which it ends is approximately 30 °.
  • the presence of the bevels 10 makes it possible to insert the burner at least partially in a housing formed in a wall of the enclosure or in an attached fitting housed in the enclosure, itself having inclined internal faces 11 which converge in the direction of the interior of the enclosure by determining between the bevels 10 of the burner and the interior surfaces 11 of the housing of the enclosure or of the workpiece, at least one channel and preferably two respective channels 12 through which one introduces by induction one or two streams of outside air towards the inside of the enclosure. If the dimensions and angles are suitably chosen, the air flow induced by the Venturi effect between the burner bevel and the housing, by the two streams of pressurized gas projected out of the burner allows significant cooling of the latter in its outlet region.
  • the angle ⁇ 'between each bevel 10 of the external surface of the burner and the internal face 11 of the housing opposite is about ten degrees, and the exit face of the burner is set back at l interior of the housing, from a distance of approximately in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter to ten millimeters.
  • the burner can be housed directly in the refractory wall of the enclosure or in an attached part serving as a workpiece; this second solution makes it possible to control the wear of this part, which is consumable.
  • this burner structure allows, thanks to the shape of the slots 7, 8, to obtain a flat flame; moreover, an appropriate dimensioning such as those which have been given by way of example makes it possible to obtain that this flame is soft and asymmetrical.
  • the process implemented using this structure is as follows: separate streams of pressurized combustible gas and pressurized oxidizing gas are introduced into the burner inlet region, and these two streams are transmitted separately to the burner gas to separate chambers 3, 4 by means of which the respective pressures of the two gas streams are balanced; then the gases from the balancing chambers are discharged to a burner outlet region in two separate streams, and the two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner by two respective separate and adjacent outlet slots 7, 8 provided in the exit region, in the form of two adjacent laminar streams, in the flame; thus, the two gases are only partially mixed in the flame, and the latter has a profile having a region where the oxidant is in excess and which in turn determines an oxidizing region in the enclosure, and a region where the oxid
  • the flame 14 follows the interior circular shape of the enclosure in defining therein on one side an oxidizing zone 15 and on the other a reducing zone 16.
  • the oxidizer is introduced on the side of the center of the enclosure 13, and the fuel on the side of the wall, there is obtained in the enclosure a central oxidizing region making it possible to treat the glass or glass articles under optimal conditions. crystal.
  • the fuel is trapped between the oxygen slide and the wall, which allows its complete combustion. This reduces carbon monoxide emissions to the room where the enclosure is located.
  • the asymmetry of the flame ensures a reduction in the production of nitrogen oxides.
  • the externally symmetrical structure of the burner makes it possible to turn the latter face to face in its housing therefore to reverse the oxidizing region and the reducing region in the enclosure, which offers great flexibility of use since it allows create at will over the glass a reducing or oxidizing atmosphere.
  • the invention is not limited to the forms and to the embodiments described above and represented, and other forms and other modes can be provided for without departing from its scope, in particular to adapt it to specific applications.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for heating products in a chamber, by a burner housed in the wall thereof optionally via a directly mounted port. Separate fuel gas and oxidant gas streams are introduced in the burner respective conduits (1, 2), separately transmitted to separate chambers (3, 4) for equalising the pressure levels of the two gas streams and separately evacuated, by outlet conduits (5, 6) emerging into the chamber through two respective adjacent slots (7, 8), in the form of adjacent laminar flows, beneath the flame; the two gases being only partially mixed, the flame profile has a zone where the oxidant is in excess, thus in turn determining an oxidant zone, and a zone where the oxidant is lacking, determining in turn a reducing zone.

Description

'Procédé e πhanffagp. p» odu s ans une enceinte s hrûlenr pour la mise en oeuyre de ce procédé' 'Process e πhanffagp. for years in an enclosure for the implementation of this process
L'invention concerne un procédé de chauffage de produits dans une enceinte elle-même chauffée par brûleur (s) et plus particulièrement un procédé de chauffage de produits notamment verriers à travailler, et un brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The invention relates to a process for heating products in an enclosure which is itself heated by burner (s) and more particularly to a process for heating products, in particular glassware to be worked, and a burner for implementing this process.
Dans ce contexte, l'expression "produits verriers" doit être prise dans un sens large englobant notamment les produits du domaine de la verrerie et ceux du domaine de la cristallerie.In this context, the expression "glass products" must be taken in a broad sense including in particular the products of the glassware sector and those of the crystal industry.
Pour un certain nombre d'applications, notamment le réchauffage de verrerie ou de cristallerie, les enceintes présentent intérieurement une forme générale approximativement cylindrique de révolution et leur paroi est traversée d'ouvreau(x) ou est logée une partie d'extrémité d'un brûleur. Dans le cas général où l'enceinte doit être chauffée par plusieurs brûleurs, les ouvreaux sont répartis sur la longueur de l'enceinte le long d'une ou de plusieurs génératrices du cylindre, et ils traversent la paroi de part en part non pas radialement mais dans une direction permettant un raccordement presque tangent d'une paroi latérale interne de 1 'ouvreau à la paroi interne de l'enceinte approximativement cylindrique. Les brûleurs dont la partie d'extrémité est logée dans de tels ouvreaux sont généralement d'un type dit "tube dans tube", c'est-à-dire qu'ils présentent une structure bitubes coaxiale de forme générale cylindrique ; ces brûleurs chauffent l'enceinte de manière localisée, la répartition de l'enceinte dans le revêtement d'interne réfractaire de la paroi étant très inhomogène, la région la plus chaude étant celle qui est dans l'alignement de l'axe longitudinal de 1 ' ouvreau et immédiatement autour. La mise en oeuvre de brûleurs dits "multi-trous" ne semble pas avoir mené jusqu'ici de manière fiable à une meilleure homogénéité de chauffage de la paroi intérieure de l'enceinte.For a certain number of applications, in particular the reheating of glassware or crystal glassware, the enclosures have internally an approximately cylindrical general shape of revolution and their wall is crossed by a workpiece (x) or is housed an end part of a burner. In the general case where the enclosure must be heated by several burners, the ports are distributed over the length of the enclosure along one or more generatrices of the cylinder, and they pass right through the wall not radially but in a direction allowing an almost tangent connection of an internal lateral wall of the opening to the internal wall of the approximately cylindrical enclosure. The burners, the end part of which is housed in such openers, are generally of a type known as "tube in tube", that is to say that they have a coaxial twin-tube structure of generally cylindrical shape; these burners heat the enclosure in a localized manner, the distribution of the enclosure in the refractory lining of the wall being very inhomogeneous, the hottest region being that which is in alignment with the longitudinal axis of 1 and immediately around. The use of so-called "multi-hole" burners does not seem to have led hitherto reliably to a better homogeneity of heating of the interior wall of the enclosure.
L'invention a donc pour but de créer un procédé et un brûleur grâce auxquels la paroi interne de 1 ' enceinte est chauffée de manière homogène et présentant une bonne sécurité de mise en oeuvre.The object of the invention is therefore to create a method and a burner by which the internal wall of the enclosure is homogeneously heated and having good processing safety.
Pour atteindre ce but, l'objet de l'invention consiste à concevoir un brûleur fournissant une flamme susceptible de s ' adapter à la forme de la paroi interne de l'enceinte.To achieve this object, the object of the invention is to design a burner providing a flame capable of adapting to the shape of the internal wall of the enclosure.
Le procédé et le brûleur selon 1 ' invention peuvent également être utilisés pour un grand nombre d'autres applications, et on peut notamment envisager le maintien du verre en température au niveau des distributeurs, connus dans la technique sous le nom de "feeders", des fours à verre, ainsi que les domaines du laminage, du rebrûlage, et du découpage du verre, sans présence de "dards".The method and the burner according to the invention can also be used for a large number of other applications, and it is in particular possible to envisage keeping the glass at temperature at the level of the distributors, known in the art under the name of "feeders", glass furnaces, as well as the fields of rolling, re-burning, and cutting of glass, without the presence of "darts".
A cette fin, l'invention concerne un procédé de chauffage de produits dans une enceinte au moyen d ' au moins une flamme produite par un brûleur logé au moins partiellement dans un logement ménagé dans une paroi de 1 ' enceinte éventuellement par l'intermédiaire d'un ouvreau rapporté, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit dans une région d'entrée du brûleur des courants séparés de gaz combustible sous pression et de gaz comburant sous pression, on transmet dans le brûleur de manière séparée ces deux courants de gaz à des chambres séparées au moyen desquelles on équilibre les pressions respectives des deux courants de gaz, on évacue vers une région de sortie du brûleur les gaz des chambres d'équilibrage en deux courants séparés, et on projette les deux courants de gaz sous pression hors du brûleur par deux fentes de sortie respectives séparées et adjacentes ménagées dans la région de sortie, sous la forme de deux courants laminaires adjacents, dans une flamme, pour mélanger les deux gaz de manière seulement partielle dans la flamme afin que celle-ci présente un profil de flamme ayant une région où le comburant est en excès et qui détermine ainsi de son côté une région d ' enceinte oxydante et au moins une région où le comburant est en défaut et qui détermine ainsi de son côté une région d'enceinte réductrice.To this end, the invention relates to a method of heating products in an enclosure by means of at least one flame produced by a burner housed at least partially in a housing formed in a wall of the enclosure possibly via '' an attached burner, characterized in that one introduces into a burner inlet region separate streams of pressurized combustible gas and pressurized oxidant gas, these two streams of gas are transmitted separately to the burner separate chambers by means of which the respective pressures of the two gas streams are balanced, the gases from the balancing chambers are discharged to two burner streams to a burner outlet region, and the two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner by two respective separate and adjacent outlet slots formed in the outlet region, in the form of two adjacent laminar streams, in a flame, to mix the two gases only partially in the flame so that it has a flame profile having a region where the oxidant is in excess and which in turn determines a region of oxidizing enclosure and at least one region where the oxidizer is at fault and which in turn determines a region of reducing enclosure.
Grâce au fait qu'à l'intérieur du brûleur, les deux courants de gaz sont séparés, les risques de retour de flamme dans le brûleur et ainsi d'explosion sont notablement réduits. Le procédé selon 1 ' invention peut de plus présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :Thanks to the fact that inside the burner, the two gas streams are separated, the risks of flashback in the burner and thus of explosion are significantly reduced. The method according to the invention can also have one or more of the following characteristics:
- on projette les deux courants de gaz sous pression hors du brûleur dans une enceinte intérieurement de forme générale approximativement cylindrique, transversalement et approximativement tangentiellement pour que la flamme épouse la forme circulaire intérieure de l'enceinte en définissant dans celle-ci d'un côté une région oxydante et de l'autre une région réductrice ; - on introduit également dans l'enceinte, par au moins un canal déterminé entre une face extérieure du brûleur et une face intérieure du logement de l'enceinte ou de 1 Ouvreau, un courant d'air induit par les deux courants de gaz sous pression projetés hors du brûleur ; - on introduit également dans l'enceinte, par deux canaux déterminés chacun entre une face extérieure du brûleur et une face intérieure du logement de 1 ' enceinte ou de 1 Ouvreau, deux courants d'air induits de part et d'autre des deux courants de gaz respectivement combustible et comburant adjacents.- The two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner into an enclosure internally of generally approximately cylindrical shape, transversely and approximately tangentially so that the flame matches the interior circular shape of the enclosure by defining therein on one side an oxidizing region and the other a reducing region; - Also introduced into the enclosure, by at least one determined channel between an outer face of the burner and an inner face of the housing of the enclosure or of a workpiece, a current of air induced by the two streams of pressurized gas thrown out of the burner; - One also introduces into the enclosure, by two determined channels each between an outer face of the burner and an inner face of the housing of the enclosure or of the workpiece, two induced air currents on either side of the two currents respectively adjacent combustible and oxidizing gas.
L'invention concerne également un brûleur pour la production d'une flamme dans une enceinte de chauffage de produits à partir de deux courants de gaz issus d'une région de sortie du brûleur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux canaux d'entrée séparés respectivement pour un gaz combustible sous pression et pour un gaz comburant sous pression, au moins deux chambres d'équilibrage séparées respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant et reliées l'une au canal d'entrée pour le combustible et l'autre au canal d'entrée pour le comburant, et deux canaux de sortie séparés respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant et reliés l'un à la chambre pour le combustible et l'autre à la chambre pour le comburant, débouchant hors du brûleur dans la région de sortie de celui-ci par deux fentes adjacentes, et en ce qu'au moins les deux canaux de sortie sont séparés par une cloison présentant des parois opposées délimitant respectivement le canal de sortie pour le combustible et le canal de sortie pour le comburant avec une paroi du brûleur respective opposée à la cloison. Grâce à cette structure, la position des brûleurs peut être retournée sens dessus-dessous de telle sorte que la position relative de la région de la flamme où le comburant est en excès et de la région de la flamme où le comburant est en défaut soit inversée.The invention also relates to a burner for producing a flame in a chamber for heating products from two gas streams coming from an outlet region of the burner, characterized in that it comprises two inlet channels separated respectively for a pressurized combustible gas and for a pressurized oxidizing gas, at least two balancing chambers separated respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant and connected one to the inlet channel for the fuel and the other to the inlet channel for the oxidant, and two separate outlet channels respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant and connected one to the chamber for the fuel and the other to the chamber for the oxidant, opening out of the burner into the outlet region thereof by two adjacent slots, and in that at least the two outlet channels are separated by a partition having opposite walls delimiting respectively the outlet channel tie for the fuel and the outlet channel for the oxidant with a respective burner wall opposite the partition. Thanks to this structure, the position of the burners can be turned upside down so that the relative position of the region of the flame where the oxidant is in excess and of the region of the flame where the oxidant is at fault is reversed. .
Le brûleur selon l'invention peut de plus présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :The burner according to the invention can also have one or more of the following characteristics:
- chaque chambre d'équilibrage comporte au moins deux compartiments se succédant d'amont en aval du brûleur et reliés par des conduits ; les conduits s ' étendent dans une région entre deux compartiments en faisant communiquer ceux-ci à proximité d'une paroi du brûleur opposée à une cloison entre les chambres respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant ; - les parois de la cloison sont approximativement planes et parallèles ;- Each balancing chamber has at least two compartments which follow one another upstream downstream of the burner and are connected by conduits; the conduits extend in a region between two compartments by communicating these near a wall of the burner opposite a partition between the chambers respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant; - the walls of the partition are approximately flat and parallel;
- la paroi de chaque canal de sortie qui est opposée à une paroi de la cloison est approximativement plane et parallèle à cette paroi de la cloison ; - la paroi de chaque canal de sortie qui est opposée à une paroi de la cloison s'étend en direction de la région de sortie en convergeant très légèrement avec cette paroi de la cloison ; les canaux de sortie s'étendent vers la région de sortie dans des directions très légèrement convergentes ;the wall of each outlet channel which is opposite a wall of the partition is approximately flat and parallel to this wall of the partition; - The wall of each outlet channel which is opposite to a wall of the partition extends in the direction of the outlet region by converging very slightly with this wall of the partition; the outlet channels extend towards the outlet region in very slightly convergent directions;
- les fentes présentent une hauteur de 1 ' ordre du dixième de millimètre à quelques millimètres ; les fentes présentent une longueur de plusieurs centimètres ; - les chambres comportent des compartiments approximativement parallélépipédiques ;- The slots have a height of one order of a tenth of a millimeter to a few millimeters; the slots have a length of several centimeters; - the rooms include approximately parallelepiped compartments;
- il a extérieurement approximativement la forme d'un parallélépipède présentant au moins deux biseaux et comportant une face dans laquelle débouchent les deux canaux d'entrée et une face qui lui est approximativement parallèle dans laquelle s'étendent les deux fentes adjacentes les deux biseaux raccordant la face présentant les fentes respectivement à deux faces parallèles à la cloison ; - le rapport longueur du canal de sortie/hauteur de la fente correspondante est au moins approximativement égal à 20.- it has externally approximately the shape of a parallelepiped having at least two bevels and comprising a face into which the two inlet channels open and a face which is approximately parallel to it in which the two adjacent slots extend the two bevels connecting the face having the slots respectively with two faces parallel to the partition; - the ratio of the length of the outlet channel / height of the corresponding slot is at least approximately equal to 20.
Le fait que les chambres d'équilibrage soient constituées de compartiments en cascades reliés par des conduits facilite l'équilibrage des pressions et évite la formation d'une flamme dite "pointue".The fact that the balancing chambers consist of cascade compartments connected by conduits facilitates pressure balancing and prevents the formation of a so-called "pointed" flame.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre d'une forme de réalisation de l'invention donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustrée par les dessins joints dans lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention given by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une section longitudinale schématique d'un brûleur selon l'invention, montrant le positionnement de celui-ci dans la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage,FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a burner according to the invention, showing the positioning of the latter in the wall of the heating enclosure,
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique de face du brûleur de la figure 1,FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the burner of FIG. 1,
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique de dessus du brûleur de la figure 1, et - la figure 4 est une section transversale schématique d'une enceinte de chauffage montrant le fonctionnement selon le procédé selon l'invention, du brûleur des figures 1 à 3.- Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the burner of Figure 1, and - Figure 4 is a schematic cross section of a heating enclosure showing the operation according to the method according to the invention, of the burner of Figures 1 to 3.
Le brûleur représenté sur la figure 1 en section longitudinale par un plan qui est généralement vertical lorsque le brûleur équipe une enceinte cylindrique dont l'axe central s'étend horizontalement comme représenté sché atiquement sur la figure 4, a extérieurement approximativement la forme d'un parallélépipède dont deux arêtes parallèles sont remplacées par des biseaux.The burner represented in FIG. 1 in longitudinal section by a plane which is generally vertical when the burner equips a cylindrical enclosure the central axis of which extends horizontally as shown diagrammatically shown in FIG. 4, has externally approximately the shape of a parallelepiped, two parallel edges of which are replaced by bevels.
Ce brûleur est destiné à être parcouru par un courant de gaz combustible sous pression et par un courant de gaz comburant sous pression amenés dans sa région d'entrée par des conduites d'alimentation séparées, et à les évacuer de manière appropriée par des orifices séparés agencés dans sa région de sortie, selon l'invention, sans avoir été préalablement mélangés.This burner is intended to be traversed by a stream of pressurized combustible gas and by a stream of pressurized oxidizing gas brought into its inlet region by separate supply lines, and to evacuate them in an appropriate manner through separate orifices. arranged in its outlet region, according to the invention, without having been previously mixed.
A cette fin, le brûleur comporte deux canaux d'entrée 1, 2 séparés, respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant, débouchant dans l'une des faces du brûleur (face d'entrée), auxquels sont reliées deux chambres respectives 3, 4 d'équilibrage des pressions également séparées, ou deux groupes séparés de chambres d'équilibrage. Dans la région où les canaux d ' entrée débouchent dans leur chambre d'équilibrage respective, ils présentent une section rétrécie afin de déterminer un épaulement de butée pour l'extrémité de leur conduite d'alimentation.To this end, the burner has two separate inlet channels 1, 2, respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant, opening into one of the burner faces (inlet face), to which are connected two respective chambers 3, 4 for balancing the pressures also separate, or two separate groups of balancing chambers. In the region where the inlet channels open into their respective balancing chambers, they have a narrowed section in order to determine an abutment shoulder for the end of their supply line.
Deux canaux de sortie 5, 6 séparés respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant sont reliés le premier à la chambre 3 pour le combustible et le second pour la chambre 4 pour le comburant. Ces canaux débouchent hors du brûleur, dans la région de sortie de celui-ci, par deux orifices sous la forme de deux fentes 7, 8 adjacentes réalisées dans la face du brûleur opposée et parallèle à la face d'entrée (face de sortie).Two separate outlet channels 5, 6 respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant are connected the first to the chamber 3 for the fuel and the second for the chamber 4 for the oxidant. These channels open out of the burner, in the outlet region thereof, through two orifices in the form of two adjacent slots 7, 8 formed in the face of the burner opposite and parallel to the inlet face (outlet face) .
Sur le plan pratique, le brûleur est de préférence constitué en plusieurs pièces assemblées et comporte alors deux demi-brûleurs agencés l'un pour le passage du combustible et l'autre pour le passage du comburant.In practical terms, the burner is preferably made up of several assembled parts and then comprises two half-burners arranged one for the passage of fuel and the other for the passage of oxidant.
Avantageusement, une pièce intercalaire 9 est insérée entre les deux demi-brûleurs pour servir de cloison entre eux, ce qui permet de réaliser au moins les canaux de sortie 5, 6 sous la forme d'évidements dans les faces en regard des deux brûleurs, et comme sur les figures, également des compartiments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B des chambres 3, 4 d'équilibrage de pression.Advantageously, an intermediate piece 9 is inserted between the two half-burners to serve as a partition between them, which makes it possible to produce at least the outlet channels 5, 6 in the form of recesses in the facing faces of the two burners, and as in the figures, also compartments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B of the pressure balancing chambers 3, 4.
Les deux demi-brûleurs étant mis en vis-à-vis avec leurs évidements correspondants en regard, les canaux de sortie 5, 6 et éventuellement les compartiments des chambres 3, 4 sont délimités d'un côté par une paroi de la cloison 9 et du côté opposé par une paroi du demi-brûleur, qui s'étendent jusqu'à la face de sortie, dans la région de sortie du brûleur. Les chambres d'équilibrage 3, 4 comportent plusieurs compartiments, ici deux compartiments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, se succédant d'amont en aval du boîtier et reliés par des conduits 3C, 3D. De préférence, les parois de la cloison 9 sont approximativement planes et parallèles, et il en est de même de la paroi de chaque chambre 3 , 4 et de chaque canal de sortie 5, 6 qui est en vis-à-vis de la cloison. Cependant, en variante, cette paroi en vis-à-vis peut être inclinée, et notamment celle du canal de sortie peut converger dans la cloison 9 en direction de la face de sortie ; dans ces conditions, les directions générales des deux canaux de sortie sont très légèrement convergentes. La hauteur des fentes 7 , 8 est de 1 ' ordre du dixième de millimètre à quelques millimètres et en général dans la gamme de 0,2 à 5,0 mm ; elle est de préférence dans la gamme de 0,4 à 3,0 mm, par exemple 0,4 à 1,5 mm pour un combustible constitué par du gaz naturel et 1 mm à 3,0 mm pour un comburant constitué par de l'oxygène.The two half-burners being placed opposite with their corresponding recesses opposite, the outlet channels 5, 6 and possibly the compartments of the chambers 3, 4 are delimited on one side by a wall of the partition 9 and on the opposite side by a wall of the half-burner, which extend to the outlet face, in the outlet region of the burner. The balancing chambers 3, 4 comprise several compartments, here two compartments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, succeeding each other from upstream to downstream of the housing and connected by conduits 3C, 3D. Preferably, the walls of the partition 9 are approximately flat and parallel, and the same is true of the wall of each chamber 3, 4 and of each outlet channel 5, 6 which is opposite the partition . However, as a variant, this facing wall can be inclined, and in particular that of the outlet channel can converge in the partition 9 in the direction of the outlet face; under these conditions, the general directions of the two output channels are very slightly convergent. The height of the slots 7, 8 is of the order of a tenth of a millimeter to a few millimeters and generally in the range of 0.2 to 5.0 mm; it is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 3.0 mm, for example 0.4 to 1.5 mm for a fuel consisting of natural gas and 1 mm to 3.0 mm for an oxidizer consisting of l 'oxygen.
Les fentes s'étendent sur quelques centimètres, et généralement sur la plus grande partie de la longueur de la face de sortie, par exemple 160 mm pour une face longue de 170 mm. La hauteur des fentes est choisie en fonction :The slots extend over a few centimeters, and generally over the greater part of the length of the outlet face, for example 160 mm for a face 170 mm long. The height of the slots is chosen according to:
- du combustible, le rapport des hauteurs étant dans le rapport de la stoechiométrie,- fuel, the ratio of heights being in the ratio of stoichiometry,
- de la puissance mise en jeu,- the power involved,
- de la vitesse d'éjection des gaz qui est choisie selon l'aspect de flamme désiré, la flamme étant d'autant plus courte que la vitesse d'éjection est élevée.- The gas ejection speed which is chosen according to the desired flame aspect, the flame being shorter the higher the ejection speed.
L'obtention d'une flamme convenable est également liée au rapport entre la longueur de chaque canal de sortie et la hauteur de la fente correspondante. Un rapport "longueur de canal/hauteur de fente" égal approximativement à 20 au moins semble nécessaire pour évacuer de manière correcte chacun des deux courants de gaz dans la flamme.Obtaining a suitable flame is also linked to the ratio between the length of each outlet channel and the height of the corresponding slot. A "channel length / slit height" ratio of approximately at least 20 seems to be necessary to correctly evacuate each of the two gas streams in the flame.
Les compartiments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B des deux chambres de chaque demi-brûleur sont ici de forme générale parallelepipèdique et de dimensions approximativement égales, à savoir une quinzaine de millimètres d'amont en aval et une dizaine de millimètres de haut ; les compartiments s'étendent approximativement sur la même distance que les canaux de sortie 5, 6. Les conduits 3C, 4C reliant les compartiments ont une longueur de quelques millimètres, par exemple 2 à 3 mm, et une section de quelques millimètres carrés, par exemple 3 à 10The compartments 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B of the two chambers of each half-burner are here of generally parallelepipedal shape and of approximately equal dimensions, namely fifteen millimeters upstream downstream and ten millimeters high; the compartments extend approximately the same distance as the outlet channels 5, 6. The conduits 3C, 4C connecting the compartments have a length of a few millimeters, for example 2 to 3 mm, and a section of a few square millimeters, for example 3 to 10
2 mm ; ils sont répartis approximativement régulièrement sur la largeur des compartiments, et ici on a 8 conduits 3C, 4C à un pas d'une vingtaine de millimètres.2 mm; they are distributed approximately regularly over the width of the compartments, and here there are 8 conduits 3C, 4C at a pitch of about twenty millimeters.
Cependant, ces dimensions correspondent à un exemple d'application particulier et peuvent être modifiées de telle sorte que les chambres 3, 4 d'équilibrage des pressions remplissent leur rôle consistant à éviter le passage préférentiel des fluides à l'aplomb de l'entrée, et à permettre d'obtenir en sortie une flamme "couteau" homogène dont le profil est droit.However, these dimensions correspond to a particular application example and can be modified so that the pressure balancing chambers 3, 4 fulfill their role consisting in avoiding the preferential passage of the fluids below the inlet, and to make it possible to obtain a homogeneous "knife" flame with a straight profile.
Pour les mêmes raisons, les conduits 3C, 4C sont éloignés du canal de sortie 5, 6 correspondant, et en particulier de la cloison 9 ; de préférence, ils s'étendent dans un région entre deux compartiments de manière à faire communiquer ceux-ci à proximité de leur paroi appartenant au demi-brûleur ; avantageusement, ils sont constitués par des forages cylindriques approximativement tangents à cette paroi. Les biseaux 10 relient la face de sortie du brûleur respectivement aux faces parallèles à la cloison. L'angle θ de chaque face en biseau 10 par rapport à la face parallèle à la cloison à laquelle elle aboutit est d'environ 30°. La présence des biseaux 10 permet d'insérer le brûleur au moins partiellement dans un logement ménagé dans une paroi de l'enceinte ou dans un ouvreau rapporté logé dans l'enceinte, présentant lui-même des faces intérieures 11 inclinées allant en convergeant en direction de l'intérieur de l'enceinte en déterminant entre les biseaux 10 du brûleur et les surfaces intérieures 11 du logement de l'enceinte ou de l' ouvreau, au moins un canal et de préférence deux canaux 12 respectifs par où on introduit par induction un ou deux courant (s) d'air extérieur en direction de l'intérieur de l'enceinte. Si les dimensions et les angles sont convenablement choisis, le courant d'air induit par effet Venturi entre biseau du brûleur et logement, par les deux courants de gaz sous pression projetés hors du brûleur permet un refroidissement notable de celui-ci dans sa région de sortie.For the same reasons, the conduits 3C, 4C are distant from the corresponding outlet channel 5, 6, and in particular from the partition 9; preferably, they extend in a region between two compartments so as to communicate these near their wall belonging to the half-burner; advantageously, they are constituted by cylindrical drillings approximately tangent to this wall. The bevels 10 connect the outlet face of the burner respectively to the faces parallel to the partition. The angle θ of each beveled face 10 with respect to the face parallel to the partition to which it ends is approximately 30 °. The presence of the bevels 10 makes it possible to insert the burner at least partially in a housing formed in a wall of the enclosure or in an attached fitting housed in the enclosure, itself having inclined internal faces 11 which converge in the direction of the interior of the enclosure by determining between the bevels 10 of the burner and the interior surfaces 11 of the housing of the enclosure or of the workpiece, at least one channel and preferably two respective channels 12 through which one introduces by induction one or two streams of outside air towards the inside of the enclosure. If the dimensions and angles are suitably chosen, the air flow induced by the Venturi effect between the burner bevel and the housing, by the two streams of pressurized gas projected out of the burner allows significant cooling of the latter in its outlet region.
Dans l'exemple choisi, l'angle θ' entre chaque biseau 10 de la surface extérieure du brûleur et la face intérieure 11 du logement en regard est d'une dizaine de degrés, et la face de sortie du brûleur est en retrait à l'intérieur du logement, d'une distance comprise environ dans la gamme de quelques dizièmes de millimètres à une dizaine de millimètres. Comme on l'a vu, le brûleur peut être logé directement dans la paroi réfractaire de 1 ' enceinte ou dans une pièce rapportée faisant office d Ouvreau ; cette deuxième solution permet le contrôle de l'usure de cette pièce, qui est consommable. En conclusion, cette structure de brûleur permet, grâce à la forme des fentes 7, 8, d'obtenir une flamme plate ; de plus, un dimensionnement approprié tel que ceux qui ont été donnés à titre d'exemple permet d'obtenir que cette flamme soit molle et dissymétrique. Le processus mis en oeuvre grâce à cette structure est le suivant : on introduit dans la région d'entrée du brûleur des courants séparés de gaz combustible sous pression et de gaz comburant sous pression, et on transmet dans le brûleur de manière séparée ces deux courants de gaz à des chambres 3 , 4 séparées au moyen desquels on équilibre les pressions respectives des deux courants de gaz ; puis on évacue vers une région de sortie du brûleur les gaz des chambres d'équilibrage en deux courants séparés, et on projette les deux courants de gaz sous pression hors du brûleur par deux fentes de sortie 7 , 8 respectives séparées et adjacentes ménagées dans la région de sortie, sous la forme de deux courants laminaires adjacents, dans la flamme ; ainsi, on mélange seulement partiellement les deux gaz dans la flamme, et celle-ci présente un profil ayant une région où le comburant est en excès et qui détermine de son côté une région oxydante dans l'enceinte, et une région où le comburant est en défaut ce qui détermine de son côté une région réductrice dans l'enceinte. 10In the example chosen, the angle θ 'between each bevel 10 of the external surface of the burner and the internal face 11 of the housing opposite is about ten degrees, and the exit face of the burner is set back at l interior of the housing, from a distance of approximately in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter to ten millimeters. As we have seen, the burner can be housed directly in the refractory wall of the enclosure or in an attached part serving as a workpiece; this second solution makes it possible to control the wear of this part, which is consumable. In conclusion, this burner structure allows, thanks to the shape of the slots 7, 8, to obtain a flat flame; moreover, an appropriate dimensioning such as those which have been given by way of example makes it possible to obtain that this flame is soft and asymmetrical. The process implemented using this structure is as follows: separate streams of pressurized combustible gas and pressurized oxidizing gas are introduced into the burner inlet region, and these two streams are transmitted separately to the burner gas to separate chambers 3, 4 by means of which the respective pressures of the two gas streams are balanced; then the gases from the balancing chambers are discharged to a burner outlet region in two separate streams, and the two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner by two respective separate and adjacent outlet slots 7, 8 provided in the exit region, in the form of two adjacent laminar streams, in the flame; thus, the two gases are only partially mixed in the flame, and the latter has a profile having a region where the oxidant is in excess and which in turn determines an oxidizing region in the enclosure, and a region where the oxidant is failing which in turn determines a reducing region in the enclosure. 10
Ainsi, si l'on projette les deux courants de gaz sous pression hors du brûleur dans une enceinte 13 intérieurement de forme générale approximativement cylindrique, transversalement et approximativement tangentiellement (figure 4) , la flamme 14 épouse la forme circulaire intérieure de l'enceinte en définissant dans celle- ci d'un côté une zone oxydante 15 et de l'autre une zone réductrice 16.Thus, if the two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner into an enclosure 13 internally of generally approximately cylindrical shape, transversely and approximately tangentially (FIG. 4), the flame 14 follows the interior circular shape of the enclosure in defining therein on one side an oxidizing zone 15 and on the other a reducing zone 16.
Par exemple, si le comburant est introduit du côté du centre de l'enceinte 13, et le combustible du côté de la paroi, on obtient dans l'enceinte une région centrale oxydante permettant de traiter dans des conditions optimales les articles en verre ou en cristal. En revanche, le combustible est piégé entre la lame d'oxygène et la paroi, ce qui permet sa combustion complète. Ainsi, on réduit les émissions d'oxyde de carbone vers le local où se trouve l'enceinte. De plus, la dissymétrie de la flamme assure une réduction de la production des oxydes d'azote.For example, if the oxidizer is introduced on the side of the center of the enclosure 13, and the fuel on the side of the wall, there is obtained in the enclosure a central oxidizing region making it possible to treat the glass or glass articles under optimal conditions. crystal. On the other hand, the fuel is trapped between the oxygen slide and the wall, which allows its complete combustion. This reduces carbon monoxide emissions to the room where the enclosure is located. In addition, the asymmetry of the flame ensures a reduction in the production of nitrogen oxides.
On notera que la structure extérieurement symétrique du brûleur permet de retourner celui-ci face pour face dans son logement donc d'inverser la région oxydante et la région réductrice dans l'enceinte, ce qui offre une grande souplesse d'utilisation puisqu'elle permet de créer à volonté au-dessus du verre une atmosphère réductrice ou oxydante. Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes et aux modes de réalisation ci-dessus décrits et représentés, et on pourra en prévoir d'autres formes et autres modes sans sortir de son cadre, notamment pour l'adapter à des applications particulières. Par exemple, on pourra mettre l'invention en oeuvre pour le maintien en température des distributeurs dits "feeders" des fours à verre, qui sont actuellement chauffés généralement par des brûleurs aéro-combustibles qui ont une consommation importante (ils fonctionnent à l'air froid), qui génèrent une grande volatilisation du verre et en particulier des borosilicates, qui ont une action corrosive, qui ont un fonctionnement pouvant être dangereux car il s'agit de brûleurs à prémélange, et qui émettent de grandes quantités de gaz nocifs dans le local. It will be noted that the externally symmetrical structure of the burner makes it possible to turn the latter face to face in its housing therefore to reverse the oxidizing region and the reducing region in the enclosure, which offers great flexibility of use since it allows create at will over the glass a reducing or oxidizing atmosphere. Of course, the invention is not limited to the forms and to the embodiments described above and represented, and other forms and other modes can be provided for without departing from its scope, in particular to adapt it to specific applications. For example, it is possible to implement the invention for maintaining the temperature of the so-called "feeders" of glass ovens, which are currently generally heated by air-fuel burners which have a high consumption (they operate in air cold), which generate a great volatilization of the glass and in particular borosilicates, which have a corrosive action, which have a functioning which can be dangerous because they are premix burners, and which emit large quantities of harmful gases in the local.

Claims

11 τ?BvτϋwnτrΑττf>ws 1. Procédé de chauffage de produits dans une enceinte (13) au moyen d'au moins une flamme (14) produite par un brûleur logé au moins partiellement dans un logement ménagé dans une paroi de l'enceinte éventuellement par l'intermédiaire d'un ouvreau rapporté, caractérisé en ce que 1 ' on introduit dans une région d ' entrée du brûleur des courants séparés de gaz combustible sous pression et de gaz comburant sous pression, on transmet dans le brûleur de manière séparée les deux courants de gaz à des chambres (3, 4) séparées au moyen desquelles on équilibre les pressions respectives des deux courants de gaz, on évacue vers une région de sortie du brûleur les gaz des chambres d'équilibrage en deux courants séparés, et on projette les deux courants de gaz sous pression hors du brûleur par deux fentes de sortie (7, 8) respectives séparées et adjacentes ménagées dans la région de sortie, sous la forme de deux courants laminaires adjacents, dans la flamme (14), pour mélanger les deux gaz de manière seulement partielle dans cette flamme afin que celle- ci présente un profil de flamme ayant un région où le comburant est en excès et qui détermine ainsi de son côté une région d ' enceinte oxydante et au moins une région où le comburant est en défaut et qui détermine ainsi de son côté une région d'enceinte réductrice.  11 τ? BvτϋwnτrΑττf> ws 1. Method for heating products in an enclosure (13) by means of at least one flame (14) produced by a burner housed at least partially in a housing formed in a wall of the enclosure possibly by means of an attached burner, characterized in that one introduces into a burner inlet region separate streams of pressurized combustible gas and pressurized oxidizing gas, one transmits into the burner separately two gas streams with separate chambers (3, 4) by means of which the respective pressures of the two gas streams are balanced, the gases from the balancing chambers are discharged into two separate streams, and projects the two streams of pressurized gas out of the burner through two respective separate and adjacent outlet slots (7, 8) formed in the outlet region, in the form of two laminar streams a adjacent, in the flame (14), for mixing the two gases only partially in this flame so that it has a flame profile having a region where the oxidant is in excess and which thereby determines for its part a region d oxidizing enclosure and at least one region where the oxidizer is at fault and which in turn determines a region of reducing enclosure.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on projette les deux courants de gaz sous pression hors du brûleur dans une enceinte (13) intérieurement de forme générale approximativement cylindrique, transversalement et approximativement tangentiellement pour que la flamme (14) épouse la forme circulaire intérieure de l'enceinte en définissant dans celle-ci d'un côté une région oxydante (15) et de l'autre une région réductrice (16).2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the two streams of pressurized gas are projected out of the burner into an enclosure (13) internally of generally approximately cylindrical shape, transversely and approximately tangentially so that the flame (14) conforms to the interior circular shape of the enclosure by defining therein on one side an oxidizing region (15) and on the other a reducing region (16).
3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit également dans l'enceinte, par au moins un canal (12) déterminé entre une face extérieure (10) du brûleur et une face intérieure (11) du logement de l'enceinte ou de l' ouvreau, un courant d'air induit par les deux courants de gaz sous pression projetés hors du brûleur. 123. Method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that one also introduces into the enclosure, by at least one channel (12) determined between an outer face (10) of the burner and an inner face (11) of the enclosure or the housing, a current of air induced by the two streams of pressurized gas projected from the burner. 12
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit également dans l'enceinte, par deux canaux (12) déterminés chacun entre une face extérieure (10) du brûleur et une face intérieure (11) du logement de l'enceinte ou de l' ouvreau, deux courants d'air induits de part et d'autre des deux courants de gaz respectivement combustible et comburant adjacents.4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one also introduces into the enclosure, by two channels (12) each determined between an outer face (10) of the burner and an inner face ( 11) of the enclosure or the housing, two induced air currents on either side of the two adjacent respectively combustible and oxidizing gas streams.
5. Brûleur pour la production d'une flamme (14) dans une enceinte (13) de chauffage de produits à partir de deux courants de gaz issus d'une région de sortie du brûleur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux canaux d'entrée (1, 2) séparés respectivement pour un gaz combustible sous pression et pour un gaz comburant sous pression, au moins deux chambres d'équilibrage (3, 4) séparées respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant et reliées l'une au canal d'entrée pour le combustible et l'autre au canal d'entrée pour le comburant, et deux canaux de sortie (5, 6) séparés respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant et reliés l'un à la chambre (3) pour le combustible et l'autre à la chambre (4) pour le comburant, débouchant hors du brûleur dans la région de sortie de celui-ci par deux fentes adjacentes (7, 8), et en ce qu'au moins les deux canaux de sortie (5, 6) sont séparés par une cloison (9) présentant des parois opposées délimitant respectivement le canal de sortie (5) pour le combustible et le canal de sortie (6) pour le comburant avec une paroi du brûleur respective opposée à la cloison.5. Burner for producing a flame (14) in an enclosure (13) for heating products from two gas streams from a burner outlet region, characterized in that it comprises two channels d input (1, 2) separated respectively for a pressurized combustible gas and for a pressurized oxidizing gas, at least two balancing chambers (3, 4) separated respectively for the fuel and for the oxidizing agent and connected one to the inlet channel for the fuel and the other to the inlet channel for the oxidant, and two separate outlet channels (5, 6) respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant and one connected to the chamber (3) for the fuel and the other to the chamber (4) for the oxidant, opening out of the burner into the outlet region thereof by two adjacent slots (7, 8), and in that at least the two channels outlet (5, 6) are separated by a partition (9) having opposite walls delimiting respe ctively the outlet channel (5) for the fuel and the outlet channel (6) for the oxidizer with a respective burner wall opposite to the partition.
6. Brûleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque chambre d'équilibrage (3, 4) comporte au moins deux compartiments (3A, 3B, 4A, 4B) se succédant d'amont en aval du brûleur et reliés par des conduits (3C, 4C) .6. Burner according to claim 5, characterized in that each balancing chamber (3, 4) comprises at least two compartments (3A, 3B, 4A, 4B) succeeding each other from upstream to downstream of the burner and connected by conduits (3C, 4C).
7. Brûleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les conduits (3C, 4C) s'étendent dans une région entre deux compartiments en faisant communiquer ceux-ci à proximité d'une paroi du brûleur opposée à une cloison (9) entre les chambres (3, 4) respectivement pour le combustible et pour le comburant. 137. Burner according to claim 6, characterized in that the conduits (3C, 4C) extend in a region between two compartments by making them communicate near a wall of the burner opposite a partition (9) between the chambers (3, 4) respectively for the fuel and for the oxidant. 13
8. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les parois de la cloison (9) sont approximativement planes et parallèles.8. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the walls of the partition (9) are approximately flat and parallel.
9. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de chaque canal de sortie9. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the wall of each outlet channel
(5, 6) qui est opposée à une paroi de la cloison (9) est approximativement plane et parallèle à cette paroi de la cloison.(5, 6) which is opposite a wall of the partition (9) is approximately planar and parallel to this wall of the partition.
10. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de chaque canal de sortie10. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the wall of each outlet channel
(5, 6) qui est opposée à une paroi de la cloison (9) s'étend en direction de la région de sortie en convergeant très légèrement avec cette paroi de la cloison.(5, 6) which is opposite to a wall of the partition (9) extends in the direction of the exit region by converging very slightly with this wall of the partition.
11. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les canaux de sortie (5, 6) s ' étendent vers la région de sortie dans des directions très légèrement convergentes .11. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to 8, or 10, characterized in that the outlet channels (5, 6) extend towards the outlet region in very slightly converging directions.
12. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à12. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to
11, caractérisé en ce que les fentes (7, 8) présentent une hauteur de l'ordre du dixième de millimètre à quelques millimètres.11, characterized in that the slots (7, 8) have a height of the order of a tenth of a millimeter to a few millimeters.
13. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à13. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to
12, caractérisé en ce que les fentes (7, 8) présentent une longueur de plusieurs centimètres. 12, characterized in that the slots (7, 8) have a length of several centimeters.
14. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à14. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to
13, caractérisé en ce que les chambres (3, 4) comportent des compartiments (3A, 3B, 4A, 4B) approximativement parallélépipédiques .13, characterized in that the chambers (3, 4) have compartments (3A, 3B, 4A, 4B) approximately parallelepiped.
15. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il a extérieurement approximativement la forme d'un parallélépipède présentant au moins deux biseaux (10) et comportant une face dans laquelle débouchent les deux canaux d'entrée (1, 2) et une face qui lui est approximativement parallèle dans laquelle s'étendent les deux fentes adjacentes (7, 8) , les deux biseaux (10) raccordant la face présentant les fentes (7, 8) respectivement à deux faces parallèles à la cloison (9) .15. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that it has approximately the external shape of a parallelepiped having at least two bevels (10) and having a face into which the two inlet channels open out. (1, 2) and a face which is approximately parallel to it in which extend the two adjacent slots (7, 8), the two bevels (10) connecting the face having the slots (7, 8) respectively with two parallel faces to the partition (9).
16. Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le rapport longueur du canal de 14 sortie/hauteur de la fente correspondante est au moins approximativement égal à 20. 16. Burner according to any one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that the length ratio of the channel 14 outlet / height of the corresponding slot is at least approximately equal to 20.
EP99900951A 1998-02-10 1999-01-19 Method for heating products in an enclosure and burner for carrying out the method Expired - Lifetime EP1055084B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9801556A FR2774745B1 (en) 1998-02-10 1998-02-10 PROCESS FOR HEATING PRODUCTS IN AN ENCLOSURE AND BURNER FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS PROCESS
FR9801556 1998-02-10
PCT/FR1999/000092 WO1999041548A1 (en) 1998-02-10 1999-01-19 Method for heating products in a chamber and burner for implementing said method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1055084A1 true EP1055084A1 (en) 2000-11-29
EP1055084B1 EP1055084B1 (en) 2001-12-12

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EP99900951A Expired - Lifetime EP1055084B1 (en) 1998-02-10 1999-01-19 Method for heating products in an enclosure and burner for carrying out the method

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EP (1) EP1055084B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1290333A (en)
BR (1) BR9907802A (en)
CZ (1) CZ297869B6 (en)
DE (1) DE69900591T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2169941T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2774745B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1055084E (en)
WO (1) WO1999041548A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9930562D0 (en) * 1999-12-23 2000-02-16 Boc Group Plc Partial oxidation of hydrogen sulphide
GB2449267A (en) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-19 Alstom Technology Ltd Cool diffusion flame combustion
EP3715713A1 (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-09-30 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Compact flame-curtain burner, method for operating the burner and use of the method

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE413283C (en) * 1925-05-05 Faconeisen Walzwerk L Mannstae Gas firing for steam boilers and rotating drums
DE8528265U1 (en) * 1985-10-04 1985-12-19 Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt External mixing fuel gas-oxygen burner
US5199866A (en) * 1992-03-30 1993-04-06 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Adjustable momentum self-cooled oxy/fuel burner for heating in high temperature environments
US5302112A (en) * 1993-04-09 1994-04-12 Xothermic, Inc. Burner apparatus and method of operation thereof
DE19704802A1 (en) * 1997-02-08 1998-08-13 Ruhrgas Ag Device and method for burning fuel

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9941548A1 *

Also Published As

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FR2774745B1 (en) 2000-03-17
CZ297869B6 (en) 2007-04-18
EP1055084B1 (en) 2001-12-12
FR2774745A1 (en) 1999-08-13
WO1999041548A1 (en) 1999-08-19
CN1290333A (en) 2001-04-04
ES2169941T3 (en) 2002-07-16
DE69900591D1 (en) 2002-01-24
PT1055084E (en) 2002-05-31
DE69900591T2 (en) 2002-07-18
BR9907802A (en) 2000-10-17
CZ20002795A3 (en) 2001-08-15

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