EP1050725B1 - Refrigeration system - Google Patents

Refrigeration system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1050725B1
EP1050725B1 EP00109557A EP00109557A EP1050725B1 EP 1050725 B1 EP1050725 B1 EP 1050725B1 EP 00109557 A EP00109557 A EP 00109557A EP 00109557 A EP00109557 A EP 00109557A EP 1050725 B1 EP1050725 B1 EP 1050725B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
refrigeration system
condenser
refrigeration
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00109557A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1050725A2 (en
EP1050725A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication of EP1050725A3 publication Critical patent/EP1050725A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigeration system with at least one cooling circuit, which at least one condenser, at least one refrigeration consumer and at least has a compressor, the refrigerant via at least one riser is supplied to the condenser.
  • a refrigeration system is e.g. from the DE-A-32 22 641 known.
  • Refrigeration systems of the generic type are used, for example, in supermarkets operated. They generally supply a variety of cold consumers, such as such as cold rooms, refrigerators and freezers. For this purpose, a or circulates in them multi-component refrigerant or refrigerant mixture.
  • Such a refrigeration system As is known for example from DE-PS 39 28 430 - has one Condenser in which the pressurized refrigerant through indirect heat exchange, preferably condensed against outside air.
  • the liquid refrigerant from the condenser is fed to a collection container.
  • the excess refrigerant must be during of these times are collected in the designated container.
  • the refrigerant is supplied to the refrigeration consumers from the collection container.
  • Each The cooling consumer is an expansion device, preferably an expansion valve upstream or assigned, in which the refrigeration consumer or the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator (s) of the refrigerant consumer is expanded.
  • the refrigerant that has been released in this way is used in the evaporators of the refrigerant consumers evaporates and cools the corresponding refrigeration furniture and rooms.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in this way is then passed through a suction line Compressor unit supplied These compressor units can have one or more stages be trained.
  • the individual compressor stages usually have several in parallel switched compressor. These compress and convey the refrigerant a riser in turn to the previously mentioned condenser.
  • the compressor unit is usually in a basement, for example machine is located in a supermarket
  • the condenser is located on the roof of the supermarket, which is why the above-mentioned riser must be provided.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration system of the generic type specify, in which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided.
  • a refrigeration system which is thereby is characterized in that the riser has a substantially horizontal, one Has sink area, and out of this a line that into one of the condenser area leading away from the condenser branches.
  • the figure does not show the entire cooling circuit of a refrigeration system represented from the condenser, if necessary the collecting container, the refrigeration consumer and the compressor, but only a section of the riser 1 leading to the condenser, wherein this, according to the invention, a substantially horizontal, a depression having area 2.
  • the oil contained in the refrigerant now remains stick to the inside of the riser pipe, it collects - represented by the " ⁇ lsee 5" after flowing down on the inside of the pipe in depression 2. This is preferably to be designed so that an overflow of the oil 5 in the direction of the Compressor - that is, against the flow direction of the refrigerant - is avoided.
  • At least one of the risers 1 has a region 2 which runs essentially horizontally and has a depression on, from which a line 4 which leads away from the condenser Line area 3 opens, branches
  • the line 4 at least one shut-off device, preferably a valve, and / or at least one Flow meter has
  • the line 4 is only used for oil compensation, its line diameter can be smaller than the pipe diameter of the riser 1.

Abstract

The refrigeration installation has at least one condenser, at least one refrigeration load and at least one compressor, with refrigeration medium fed to the condenser via a riser pipe (1) having a horizontal section (2), acting as a sump for collection the oil in the refrigeration medium, which is led off via an oil drainage line (4) coupled to the output line (3) from the condenser.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kälteanlage mit wenigstens einem Kühlkreislauf, welcher wenigstens einen Verflüssiger, wenigstens einen Kälteverbraucher und wenigstens einen Verdichter aufweist, wobei das Kältemittel über wenigstens eine Steigleitung dem Verflüssiger zugeführt wird. Eine solche Kälteanlage ist z.B. aus der DE-A-32 22 641 bekannt.The invention relates to a refrigeration system with at least one cooling circuit, which at least one condenser, at least one refrigeration consumer and at least has a compressor, the refrigerant via at least one riser is supplied to the condenser. Such a refrigeration system is e.g. from the DE-A-32 22 641 known.

Kälteanlagen der gattungsgemäßen Art werden beispielsweise in Supermärkten betrieben. Sie versorgen dort im allgemeinen eine Vielzahl von Kälteverbrauchern, wie etwa Kühlräume, Kühl- und Tiefkühlmöbel. Zu diesem Zweck zirkuliert in ihnen ein einoder mehrkomponentiges Kältemittel bzw. Kältemittelgemisch. Eine derartige Kälteanlage - wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE-PS 39 28 430 bekannt ist - weist einen Verflüssiger auf, in dem das unter Druck stehende Kältemittel durch indirekten Wärmetausch, vorzugsweise gegen Außenluft, kondensiert wird.Refrigeration systems of the generic type are used, for example, in supermarkets operated. They generally supply a variety of cold consumers, such as such as cold rooms, refrigerators and freezers. For this purpose, a or circulates in them multi-component refrigerant or refrigerant mixture. Such a refrigeration system - As is known for example from DE-PS 39 28 430 - has one Condenser in which the pressurized refrigerant through indirect heat exchange, preferably condensed against outside air.

Das flüssige Kältemittel aus dem Verflüssiger wird einem Sammelbehälter zugeführt. Innerhalb einer Kälteanlage muß immer soviel Kältemittel vorhanden sein, daß auch bei maximalem Kältebedarf die Verdampfer aller Kälteverbraucher gefüllt werden können. Da jedoch bei niedrigerem Kältebedarf einzelne Verdampfer nur teilweise gefüllt oder sogar vollständig leer sind, muß das überschüssige Kältemittel während dieser Zeiten in dem dafür vorgesehenen Sammelbehälter aufgefangen werden.The liquid refrigerant from the condenser is fed to a collection container. There must always be as much refrigerant in a refrigeration system as it does the evaporators of all refrigeration consumers are filled at maximum cooling demand can. However, since individual evaporators are only partially used when cooling is low filled or even completely empty, the excess refrigerant must be during of these times are collected in the designated container.

Prinzipiell ist es jedoch auch denkbar, daß auf einen derartigen Sammelbehälter verzichtet wird.In principle, however, it is also conceivable that such a collecting container is waived.

Aus dem Sammelbehälter wird das Kältemittel den Kälteverbrauchern zugeführt. Jedem Kälteverbraucher ist eine Expansionseinrichtung, vorzugsweise ein Expansionsventil vorgeschaltet bzw. zugeordnet, in welchem das in den Kälteverbraucher bzw. den oder die Verdampfer des Kälteverbrauchers strömende Kältemittel entspannt wird. Das so entspannte Kältemittel wird in den Verdampfern der Kältemittelverbraucher verdampft und kühlt so die entsprechenden Kühlmöbel und -räume. The refrigerant is supplied to the refrigeration consumers from the collection container. Each The cooling consumer is an expansion device, preferably an expansion valve upstream or assigned, in which the refrigeration consumer or the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator (s) of the refrigerant consumer is expanded. The refrigerant that has been released in this way is used in the evaporators of the refrigerant consumers evaporates and cools the corresponding refrigeration furniture and rooms.

Das derart verdampfte Kältemittel wird anschließend über eine Saugleitung einer Verdichtereinheit zugeführt Diese Verdichtereinheiten können ein- oder mehrstufig ausgebildet sein. Die einzelnen Verdichterstufen weisen im Regelfall mehrere parallel geschaltete Verdichter auf. Diese komprimieren das Kältemittel und fördern es über eine Steigleitung wiederum zu dem bereits erwähnten Verflüssiger.The refrigerant evaporated in this way is then passed through a suction line Compressor unit supplied These compressor units can have one or more stages be trained. The individual compressor stages usually have several in parallel switched compressor. These compress and convey the refrigerant a riser in turn to the previously mentioned condenser.

Während die Verdichtereinheit im Normalfall beispielsweise in einem im Kellergeschoß eines Supermarktes angeordneten Maschinenraum steht, befindet sich der Verflüssiger auf dem Dach des Supermarktes, weswegen die erwähnte Steigleitung vorzusehen ist.While the compressor unit is usually in a basement, for example machine is located in a supermarket, the condenser is located on the roof of the supermarket, which is why the above-mentioned riser must be provided.

Wird die Kälteanlage jedoch nur im Teillastbetrieb gefahren - wie dies beispielsweise während der Nacht- und/oder Ladenschlußzeiten der Fall ist -, ist die über die Steigleitung zu dem Verflüssiger geförderte Menge an Kältemittel u. U. so gering, daß das im Kältemittel befindliche Öl - das zur Schmierung der Verdichter im Kreislauf geführt werden muß - nicht über die Steigleitung in den Verflüssiger und von diesem über die Kälteverbraucher zu dem bzw. den Verdichtern gefördert werden kann. Das Öl bleibt hierbei an der Rohrinnenseite der Steigleitung haften und fließt wieder nach unten, gelangt also nicht in den Verflüssiger.However, if the refrigeration system is only operated in partial load operation - such as this during the night and / or closing times - is the over the riser to the condenser, amount of refrigerant u. U. so low that the oil in the refrigerant - that used to lubricate the compressors in the circuit must be led - not via the riser into and from the condenser via which refrigeration consumers can be conveyed to the compressor or compressors. The oil remains stuck to the inside of the riser pipe and flows again below, so does not get into the condenser.

Aus diesem Grunde werden häufig mehrere, parallel angeordnete Steigleitungen zwischen den Verdichtem und dem Verflüssiger vorgesehen, wobei diese einen geringeren Innendurchmesser aufweisen. Das Kältemittel - und mit ihm das Öl - werden somit über mehrere Steigleitungen nach oben zu dem Verflüssiger gefördert.For this reason, there are often several risers arranged in parallel provided between the compressor and the condenser, these one have a smaller inner diameter. The refrigerant - and with it the oil - are thus conveyed upwards to the condenser via several risers.

Das Vorsehen mehrerer Steigleitungen führt jedoch zu einer unerwünschten Verteuerung der Kälteanlage.However, the provision of multiple risers leads to an undesirable one Increasing the cost of the refrigeration system.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Kälteanlage der gattungsgemäßen Art anzugeben, bei der die genannten Nachteile vermieden werden.The object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration system of the generic type specify, in which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird eine Kälteanlage vorgeschlagen, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, daß die Steigleitung einen im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden, eine Senke aufweisenden Bereich aufweist, und aus diesem eine Leitung, die in einen von dem Verflüssiger wegführenden Leitungsbereich mündet, abzweigt. To solve this problem, a refrigeration system is proposed, which is thereby is characterized in that the riser has a substantially horizontal, one Has sink area, and out of this a line that into one of the condenser area leading away from the condenser branches.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kälteanlage sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen derselben seien anhand der in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsform näher erläutert.The refrigeration system according to the invention and further refinements of the same are based on the embodiment shown in the figure.

In der Figur ist nicht der gesamte Kühlkreislauf einer Kälteanlage, bestehend aus Verflüssiger, ggf. Sammelbehälter, Kälteverbraucher und Verdichter dargestellt, sondern lediglich ein Abschnitt der zu dem Verflüssiger führenden Steigleitung 1, wobei diese erfindungsgemäß einen im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden, eine Senke aufweisenden Bereich 2 aufweist. Bleibt das im Kältemittel enthaltene Öl nunmehr an der Rohrinnenseite der Steigleitung haften, so sammelt es sich - dargestellt durch den "Ölsee 5" nach dem Herabfließen an der Rohrinnenseite in der Senke 2. Diese ist vorzugsweise so zu gestalten, daß ein Überfließen des Öles 5 in Richtung des oder der Verdichter - also entgegen der Strömungsrichtung des Kältemittels - vermieden wird.The figure does not show the entire cooling circuit of a refrigeration system represented from the condenser, if necessary the collecting container, the refrigeration consumer and the compressor, but only a section of the riser 1 leading to the condenser, wherein this, according to the invention, a substantially horizontal, a depression having area 2. The oil contained in the refrigerant now remains stick to the inside of the riser pipe, it collects - represented by the "Ölsee 5" after flowing down on the inside of the pipe in depression 2. This is preferably to be designed so that an overflow of the oil 5 in the direction of the Compressor - that is, against the flow direction of the refrigerant - is avoided.

Aus dem im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden, eine Senke aufweisenden Bereich 2 der zu dem Verflüssiger führenden Steigleitung 1 kann das angesammelte ÖI 5 nunmehr über eine Leitung 4 - Ölüberführleitung genannt - in einen von dem Verflüssiger wegführenden Leitungsbereich 3 geführt werden.From the essentially horizontal region 2 which has a depression of the riser 1 leading to the condenser can now the accumulated oil 5 via a line 4 - called the oil transfer line - into one of the condensers leading line area 3 are performed.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Kälteanlage, bei der mehrere Steigleitungen 1 vorgesehen sind, weist wenigstens eine der Steigleitungen 1 einen im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden, eine Senke aufweisenden Bereich 2 auf, wobei aus diesem eine Leitung 4, die in einen von dem Verflüssiger wegführenden Leitungsbereich 3 mündet, abzweigtAccording to an advantageous embodiment of the refrigeration system according to the invention, in which If a plurality of risers 1 are provided, at least one of the risers 1 has a region 2 which runs essentially horizontally and has a depression on, from which a line 4 which leads away from the condenser Line area 3 opens, branches

Für den Fall, daß die erfindungsgemäße Kälteanlage einen dem Verflüssiger nachgeschalteten Sammelbehälter aufweist, hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, daß die Leitung 4 in einen von dem Verflüssiger wegführenden Leitungsbereich 3 noch vor dem Sammelbehälter mündet.In the event that the refrigeration system according to the invention one downstream of the condenser Has collecting container, it has proven to be useful that the Line 4 in a line area 3 leading away from the condenser the collection container opens.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kälteanlage weiterbildend wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Leitung 4 wenigstens ein Absperrorgan, vorzugsweise ein Ventil, und/oder wenigstens ein Durchflußmeßgerät aufweistThe refrigeration system according to the invention is proposed that the line 4 at least one shut-off device, preferably a valve, and / or at least one Flow meter has

Da die Leitung 4 lediglich dem Ölausgleich dient, kann ihr Leitungsdurchmesser kleiner als der Leitungsdurchmesser der Steigleitung 1 sein. Since the line 4 is only used for oil compensation, its line diameter can be smaller than the pipe diameter of the riser 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kälteanlage ermöglicht auch im Teillastbetrieb eine sichere Versorgung relevanter Anlagenteile mit Öl. Das Vorsehen mehrerer, parallel angeordneter Steigleitungen zwischen dem oder den Verdichtem und dem Verflüssiger erübrigt sich, woraus geringere Investitionskosten für eine derartige Anlage resultieren.The refrigeration system according to the invention enables safe operation even in part-load operation Supply of relevant system parts with oil. The provision of several, arranged in parallel There is no need for risers between the compressor or compressors and the condenser itself, which results in lower investment costs for such a system.

Claims (5)

  1. Refrigeration system having at least one cooling circuit which includes at least one liquefier, at least one refrigeration consumer and at least one compressor, the refrigerant being fed to the liquefier via at least one riser, characterized in that the riser (1) includes a region (2) which runs substantially horizontally and includes a depression, and a line (4), which opens out into a line region (3) leading away from the liquefier, branches off from this region (2).
  2. Refrigeration system according to Claim 1, in which a plurality of risers (1) are provided, characterized in that at least one of the risers (1) includes a region (2) which runs substantially horizontally and includes a depression, and a line (4), which opens out into a line region (3) leading away from the liquefier, branches off from this region (2).
  3. Refrigeration system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it includes a collection vessel which is connected downstream of the liquefier, and the line (4) opens out into a line region (3) leading away from the liquefier upstream of the collection vessel.
  4. Refrigeration system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line (4) includes at least one blocking member, preferably a valve, and/or at least one flow-measuring unit.
  5. Refrigeration system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line diameter of the line (4) is smaller than the line diameter of the riser (1).
EP00109557A 1999-05-05 2000-05-04 Refrigeration system Expired - Lifetime EP1050725B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19920727 1999-05-05
DE19920727A DE19920727A1 (en) 1999-05-05 1999-05-05 Refrigeration system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1050725A2 EP1050725A2 (en) 2000-11-08
EP1050725A3 EP1050725A3 (en) 2001-02-07
EP1050725B1 true EP1050725B1 (en) 2003-08-27

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EP00109557A Expired - Lifetime EP1050725B1 (en) 1999-05-05 2000-05-04 Refrigeration system

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EP (1) EP1050725B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE248334T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19920727A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109612164A (en) * 2019-02-26 2019-04-12 江苏世林博尔制冷设备有限公司 A kind of built-in oil eliminator formula water condenser

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3222641A1 (en) * 1982-06-16 1983-12-22 Erich Schultze KG, 1000 Berlin Refrigeration plant
US4554795A (en) * 1983-11-14 1985-11-26 Tyler Refrigeration Corporation Compressor oil return system for refrigeration apparatus and method
JPH02293570A (en) * 1989-05-08 1990-12-04 Nippondenso Co Ltd Refrigerant condenser
DE3928430C1 (en) * 1989-08-28 1991-03-07 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De
DE4140625C2 (en) * 1991-12-10 1993-11-25 Ilka Maschinenfabrik Halle Gmb Device for regulating the oil return in a compression refrigeration system
DE9202439U1 (en) * 1992-02-26 1992-06-25 Stal-Astra Gmbh Kaelteanlagen, 2056 Glinde, De
US5355695A (en) * 1992-11-30 1994-10-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Refrigeration device using hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant
US5505060A (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-04-09 Kozinski; Richard C. Integral evaporator and suction accumulator for air conditioning system utilizing refrigerant recirculation
US5875640A (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-03-02 Hill; Herbert L. Multi-story air conditioning system with oil return means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50003412D1 (en) 2003-10-02
DE19920727A1 (en) 2000-11-09
EP1050725A2 (en) 2000-11-08
EP1050725A3 (en) 2001-02-07
ATE248334T1 (en) 2003-09-15

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