EP1034330A1 - Security document comprising magnetic particles - Google Patents

Security document comprising magnetic particles

Info

Publication number
EP1034330A1
EP1034330A1 EP98955705A EP98955705A EP1034330A1 EP 1034330 A1 EP1034330 A1 EP 1034330A1 EP 98955705 A EP98955705 A EP 98955705A EP 98955705 A EP98955705 A EP 98955705A EP 1034330 A1 EP1034330 A1 EP 1034330A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate
security
magnetic particles
document according
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98955705A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1034330B1 (en
Inventor
Sandrine Rancien
Thierry Dumery
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArjoWiggins Security SAS
Original Assignee
ArjoWiggins SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ArjoWiggins SAS filed Critical ArjoWiggins SAS
Publication of EP1034330A1 publication Critical patent/EP1034330A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1034330B1 publication Critical patent/EP1034330B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • D21H21/48—Elements suited for physical verification, e.g. by irradiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/04—Testing magnetic properties of the materials thereof, e.g. by detection of magnetic imprint
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/086—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by passive credit-cards adapted therefor, e.g. constructive particularities to avoid counterfeiting, e.g. by inclusion of a physical or chemical security-layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/02—Metal coatings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/42—Ribbons or strips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to security documents comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper and comprising magnetic particles peimisant magnetic recording and storage of information
  • the present invention also relates to the uses and a method of manufacturing a document of secunte according to the invention and a method for reading information recorded and stored magnetically
  • the recording of the information, including the magnetization of the security document is done using inductive heads, but the reading of the information, including the magnetic presence detection is done by reading machines equipped with magneto-resistive sensors as will be explained below
  • security document any document comprising magnetic particles according to the invention and possibly an additional security element, that is to say a means of authentication and / or peimisant to detect counterfeiting and / or rendering counterfeiting difficult to read, in particular by photocopy E
  • official documents such as passports, identity cards or driving license, or means of payment such as banknotes, checks or papers fiduciaries, tickets or payment vouchers but also any paper that we want to be able to authenticate, such as entrance tickets to sporting or cultural events, transport tickets, contracts, deeds or certificates, labels or packaging
  • paper is understood to mean any sheet of paper or cardboard obtained by the wet method using a suspension of natural cellulose fibers and / or synthetic fibers and which may contain various mineral and various fillers. additives, such as binders commonly used in papermaking
  • the security strips may be coated with a layer of continuous magnetic particles capable of receiving information coded by magnetic recording or may be covered only intermittently with studs comprising magnetic particles which are imp ⁇ mes and magnetized so as to create a code. (WO 90/08 367)
  • the magnetic information is read mainly using inductive heads
  • inductive heads measure the magnetic flux variations
  • the magnetism layer must be sufficiently concentrated in particles and thick to generate sufficient flux and allow a good reading
  • the thickness of the magnetic layers is of the order of 10 to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetic layers given their high concentration of magnetic particles, appear very dark, even black.
  • a masking layer is deposited, either white. either metallic composed of reflective particles like 1.
  • the superimposition of the layers necessary for the production of these strips - the thickness of the strip itself (approximately 12 ⁇ m) being added has the thickness of the magnetic layer (approximately 12 ⁇ m), to that of the masking layer (approximately 3 ⁇ m) and to that of a heat-sealing varnish (approximately 2 ⁇ m) applied to the front and back of the strip for its adhesion to the paper - lead to a total strip thickness of approximately 30 ⁇ m or more, which causes great difficulties of incorporation in the paper and difficulties of stacking of the paper due to the extra thicknesses created by the strips of secu ⁇ te incorporated in the paper
  • a safety element was produced coated with pure iron particles of very low coercivity (less than 100 Oe) because it is of a light silvery color and therefore less visible than usual magnetic pigments. of higher coercitivite in particular superior to 2000 Oe, of dark or black color
  • the element is a safety wire or boards introduced at least partly in the paper in order to attenuate the color g ⁇ se by the paper
  • the quantities in magnetic particles has to use are not indicated but moreover it is nevertheless envisaged to mask the zones comprising the particles
  • the safety element is very specific and does not give the possibility of recording magnetically data because the soft magnetic materials dec ⁇ ts in this document, do not allow to store magnetic information because of their sensitivity to the magnetic environment
  • An object of the present invention is to confer on a security document comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper, the ability to be magnetized, recorded, detected and read by machine by virtue of its magnetic properties, without it being necessary to mask the magnetic zones to make them invisible
  • an object of the present invention is to be able to introduce magnetic particles in a homogeneous manner and without aggregates over an area extended on the surface or in the mass of a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper.
  • Another object of the present invention is to be able to encode magnetic information in an increased quantity compared to the previous embodiments of document comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper.
  • the present invention provides a security document comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper and at least one area comprising magnetic particles allowing magnetic recording and storage of information, characterized in that a) said magnetic particles are comp ⁇ ses in the mass of the substrate or in a coating on the surface of the substrate, b) said magnetic particles do not affect the appearance characteristics of said zone, and c) said magnetic particles are distributed uniformly in said zone.
  • the magnetic particles can be directly comp ⁇ ses, ie as such in the mass or in a coating on the surface of the substrate, or indirectly, ie by means of a safety element In the latter case, said magnetic particles may be comp ⁇ ses in the mass of said security element or in a coating applied to the surface of said security element, said security element itself being fully or partially comp ⁇ s in the mass of the substrate or applied to the surface thereof ci
  • security element is meant any element associated with the substrate, in particular with paper and contributing to the authentication of the document or making its counterfeiting difficult.
  • It can be, in particular, a particular coating on the surface of the substrate, or of an element comp ⁇ s in the mass or applied to the surface of the substrate, such as a plastic strip included, in whole or in part, in the mass of the subst rat, or boards or a hologram applied to the surface of the substrate, or to another safety element
  • coating on the surface of the substrate or of the safety element is meant that it is a coating which is not, at least in part, covered by a masking layer, said coating possibly being present on the external surface of the substrate or be located below or between other layers which themselves do not directly mask said coating, at least in part Similarly by the characteristic b) according to which "the magnetic particles do not affect the characteristics of appearance of said area "means that it is not necessary to hide said area to make them invisible More specifically, the characteristic b) according to which,” magnetic particles do not affect the appearance characteristics of the zone ”means that when they are contained in the mass of the substrate, or when they are inside a safety element, which itself is wholly or partly contained in the mass of the substrate, or even when they are i ncluded in a coating on the surface of the substrate, or of said safety element, the particles as such are not distinguished and the appearance, in particular the luminosity (L *) and / or the colo ⁇ met ⁇ ques coordinates (L *, a * , b *) in
  • the luminosity L * is greater than 70 and preferably more than 80. More particularly still, when the substrate or coating comprising said magnetic particles is colored clear to white, its ISO whiteness according to ISO 2471 (reflectance at 457 nm) is greater than or equal to 60% and / or its EEC whiteness according to the CTEL formula & is greater than or equal to 20%, under illuminant D65 without UN and under an observation angle of 10 °
  • Fillers providing whiteness known in the paper industry such as for example titanium dioxide or calcium carbonate, can be added to improve whiteness, in particular at rates between 2 and 10%
  • the substrate, the security element or the coating on the surface of the substrate or the security element are transparent or translucent their opacity is not substantially modified so that the transparency is preserved.
  • the invention makes it possible to associate in the same area of magnetic properties with a safety element such as in particular an identification element with visual effect, in particular an element comprising inscriptions intended to be seen, without the presence of magnetic particles occulting the visual effect research with said security element, in particular said identification element with visual effect
  • the magnetic particles can therefore be associated with all the security elements existing in security documents, in particular security papers, and / or over large areas of said security documents, which was not the case previously They may also e, make it possible to record and store much greater amounts of information than previously, in particular in the form of magnetic codes and, to make the area where the magnetic information has been recorded and stored invisible to the naked eye and invisible to the magnetic magnifier
  • the reading of the information or the detection of magnetic presence is done by sorting or reading machines provided with magneto-resistive sensors which have a much higher sensitivity to the inductive heads used previously, one can therefore read the magnetic information coded or simply characterize the saturation or remanent magnetization of the pigments with very low magnetic particle concentrations, in particular, lower than the concentrations allowing detection by inductive sensors and making the presence of said particles invisible
  • the magnetic particles do not form agglomerates or inhomogeneous aggregates. It is therefore necessary that magnetic particles are well individualized and uniformly dispersed and distributed in their substrate.
  • uniform distribution of magnetic particles is therefore understood to mean that the particle density in said zone, that is to say in the mass of the substrate or of said security element or in the coating on the surface of said substrate or of said security element. security in said zone, and therefore the saturation or remanent magnetic magnetization in said zone are substantially constant so that there is little or no background noise. This characteristic is necessary to enable a coded message recorded in said zone to be read reliably. To do this, advantageously according to the present invention is carried out a dispersion of the magnetic particles in which a good individualization of the particles is obtained, which makes it possible to prevent re-agglomeration of said particles.
  • the particles are in the form of pigments which can be coated with a layer, even a discrete (that is to say non-continuous) layer coming from the dispersion medium.
  • this dispersion of particles is incorporated into the manufacturing medium of said substrate or of said security element or of said coating on the surface of the substrate or of said security element, which must contain them, the particles are preserved in individualized form without re-agglomeration and they are distributed homogeneously in said substrate or said security element or said coating, even by introducing said particles at very low rates.
  • the dispersion comprises a wetting and dispersing surfactant to allow the individualization of the particles and the redispersion of this dispersion in the final incoiporation medium.
  • the particles are stabilized against sedimentation by advantageously incorporating a rheology control agent if necessary.
  • This way of incorporating the dispersion is particularly advantageous when the dispersion is incorporated into a liquid medium and at very high dilution rates and, moreover, with vigorous stirring since one might fear re-agglomeration by "leaching" of the particles, c that is to say by destruction of the protective and stabilizing layer which has formed around the individualized particles.
  • This is therefore advantageous when the dispersion of magnetic particles is incorporated into a suspension of cellulose fibers for the manufacture of a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper which is always done in a diluted medium.
  • the shape and size of the magnetic particles is chosen as will be explained below.
  • the magnetic particles can therefore advantageously be incorporated into the mass of the paper by mixing an aqueous dispersion of the said particles with the mixture of fibers, in particular of cellulose or cotton and conventional papermaking adjuvants for producing the paper sheet.
  • Said area comprising said particles may cover the whole of the substrate or only a part thereof.
  • the direct incorporation of magnetic particles into the mass of the substrate, or into a coating on the surface of the substrate in an area covering the entire substrate makes it possible to considerably extend the possibilities of use of the present invention.
  • the magnetic particles when included directly in the mass of the substrate, or in a coating on the surface of the substrate, they can be in a localized area, in particular in the form of a strip, in particular of width from 1 to 5 cm by methods known to those skilled in the art, said area not necessarily covering the entire substrate.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous when the substrate comprising said magnetic particles is a light colored paper substrate, in particular white, cream or pale yellow. In this case, as mentioned above, the brightness L * of the system
  • CDELAB is greater than 70 and preferably 80.
  • the ISO whiteness according to ISO 2471 is preferably greater than or equal to 60%> and the CIE whiteness according to the CEELAB formula is preferably greater than or equal to 20% o, measured under illuminating D65 without UN at an observation angle of 10 °.
  • this coating can be constituted by an ink or a varnish or else a coating or sizing composition, which can be applied (e) respectively by printing or papermaking.
  • the coating composition may especially comprise, in addition to said magnetic particles, a binder of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), starch or polymer in aqueous dispersion (latex) type, coating fillers, water and additives.
  • the varnish may especially include, in addition to said magnetic particles, a polymeric binder, a solvent and additives.
  • the coating composition can be applied by means known to those skilled in the art with coating installations, such as press-glue machine, metal blade coater, air knife coater, CHAMPION type rotary bar coater, pre-dosed film transfer coater.
  • inks or varnishes mention is more particularly made of printing inks or varnishes which can be applied by gravure printing, intaglio printing, offset printing or screen printing over a thickness of 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • printing varnishes mention may be made of varnishes soluble in an aqueous medium or in an organic solvent which are dried by evaporation, and varnishes fixed by UN or electronic radiation (“electron beam”).
  • the surface coating comprising magnetic particles may also consist of an adhesive composition applied to the surface of the substrate, in particular paper or of said security element, in particular, a heat-sealing varnish facilitating the holding of said security element in the mass of the substrate, in particular of paper
  • the coating on the surface of the substrate, in particular paper can also be constituted by a plastic film in the mass of which the magnetic particles are incorporated in particular a film with a thickness of 10 to 500 ⁇ m
  • said coating can advantageously be transparent or translucent
  • concentration and size characteristics weighed separately or in combination a) when the particles are compacted in the mass of said substrate, their concentration is less than or equal to 1%, preferably at 0J0%>, preferably from 0.001% to 0J0% , more preferably from 0.02% to 0.07% by dry weight relative to the weight of said substrate in said zone, b) when said particles are compressed in a coating applied to the surface of said substrate, or of a said safety element, the quantity of magnetic particles deposited in said zone is less than or equal to 250 mg / m 2 , more particularly from 1 to 100 mg / m 2 and more preferably from
  • the particles When the particles are compacted in the mass of said safety element, they are considered to be comp ⁇ ses in the mass of said substrate and the concentrations of magnetic particles are those indicated above when the particles are comp ⁇ ses in the mass of said substrate
  • said security element is possibly constituted by a security strip of plastic material, wholly or partly, in the mass of the substrate, in particular paper, said particles being composed in the mass or in a surface coating of said strip
  • the present invention it is possible to apply to a security strip, transparent magnetic layers with a thickness of 1 to 5 ⁇ m, allowing the recording and detection of encoded magnetic information. Given the appearance characteristics of said magnetic layer, applied to the safety strip, it is not necessary to coat the magnetic layer with a metallic masking layer.
  • the thickness of the safety wires or strips, according to the present invention is therefore considerably
  • the present invention therefore also relates to security strips as defined above, and more particularly strips of thickness 10 to 50 ⁇ m and with a width of 0.5 mm. 5 cm, preferably 1 to 5 mm
  • the particles can be incorporated into the security strip by depositing a specific magnetic layer or simply by mixing with the existing layers, such as the layer of protective varnish used during demetallization, the layer of varnish heat sealing the printing inks. or incorporated into the mass of the plastic wire, itself
  • the security documents in particular the security papers or the security bands included in said documents, comprising a hologram, are sought because they are difficult to counterfeit, while being aesthetic, and more easily authenticated by the general public
  • these bands in the previous embodiments could not be easily associated with magnetic properties for the following razors
  • the holograms or holograplastic secu ⁇ te bands are, themselves, made up of multilayer complexes, namely
  • the security holograms are sometimes transparent holograms, that is to say no metallized or partially demetallized holograms.
  • the presence of a dark magnetic layer is incompatible with the share of the hologram transparency properties and also resists the treatment of partial hologram demetallization, making it impossible to achieve registration with recesses of the so-called “Cleartext” type
  • the present invention makes it possible to associate magnetic particles with holograms in an advantageous manner.
  • the magnetic particles with the layers making up the hologram, such as the adhesive layer, the embossing lacquer, the protective varnish or in the adhesion primer of the hologram.
  • primer a layer which makes it possible to prepare the surface of the support on which the hologram is applied by improving the flatness of the support
  • the hologram constitutes a security strip
  • the present invention provides in particular transparent or partially demetallized holograms, comprising magnetic particles
  • An additional advantage of holograplic bands is to obtain a hologram with magnetic property without affecting traditional manufacturing processes and without excessively increasing its thickness.
  • the present invention provides security tapes, comprising magnetic particles and positive or negative inscriptions in the form of recesses. These types of threads are usually called “Magnetic Cleartext”.
  • Magnetic Cleartext In the prior art, there are mainly three embodiments. In a first embodiment, the inscriptions are made in magnetic ink in negative.
  • the quantity of magnetic pigments and therefore the density of the remanent magnetic flux is variable according to the form of the inscriptions
  • the zones with the magnetic particles are very small, then the density of the magnetic flux is insufficient to be detected, thus destroying part of the coded message
  • a magnetic strip is applied adjacent and parallel to an area bearing negative inscriptions This requires that the inscriptions be very small, while looking for security strips bearing the widest inscriptions possible that can be easily checked visually E n in particular for a wire 3 mm wide, it is difficult to create inscriptions with signs of more than 1 mm in height in such a strip.
  • the inscriptions in negative are alternated with the magnetic zones, which requires having inscriptions on a short length or small size in width.
  • the dispersion of the magnetic particles carried out before incorporation into the mass of the strip or in a transparent layer of thin thickness makes it possible to distribute them uniformly over the entire surface of the safety strip. magnetic particles can be superimposed on said negative insc ⁇ ptions, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks
  • the magnetic particles are included in a film.
  • This variant makes it possible to produce plastic safety strips with particles in the mass, said strips being cut from said plastic film incorporating said particles.
  • This va ⁇ ante is also particularly suitable for producing passports or identity cards or other documents which are covered with a protective film.
  • security inks fluorescent, low, summer
  • an adhesive Security inks can be transferable or non-transferable inks giving respectively to transferable patterns and non-transferable patterns to enhance the resistance to forgery by removal of the film Indeed, when attempting to remove the film, the transferable patterns remain on the document while the non-transferable patterns are removed with the film
  • the advantages of this solution are at least double there is no longer a problem of space limitation, since the entire page can be used as a medium to save the information standardized, and the location where the information is recorded is not visible.
  • the magnetic particles are included in the adhesive of the protective film.
  • the adhesive constitutes a malleable and hot ductile recording medium relatively more fragile than a film.
  • the adhesive consists of the adhesive of the passport protective film, any attempt to lift the film alters the adhesive and destroys the magnetic information recorded, which constitutes additional security.
  • the magnetic particles are included in security inks, transferable or not, of the protective film.
  • the advantages of this variant are the same as for the adhesive.
  • the present invention therefore makes it possible to produce a security document consisting of an official document such as a passport, identity card or driving license sheet or a substrate intended for the manufacture of such an official document, in which said magnetic particles are applied in the mass of said substrate or on a transparent protective plastic film of said passport, identity card or driver's license sheet or in an adhesive peimitant adhesion of said film on said sheet or much more in security inks of said protective film.
  • an official document such as a passport, identity card or driving license sheet or a substrate intended for the manufacture of such an official document
  • said magnetic particles are applied in the mass of said substrate or on a transparent protective plastic film of said passport, identity card or driver's license sheet or in an adhesive peimitant adhesion of said film on said sheet or much more in security inks of said protective film.
  • the present invention also makes it possible to produce a security document consisting of a packaging sheet or a sheet of paper intended for the manufacture of a packaging sheet, said magnetic particles being incorporated in the mass of the substrate constituting said sheet or in a coating applied to the surface of said substrate.
  • the present invention also makes it possible to produce particularly advantageous paper security labels.
  • the magnetic particles can be incorporated into the mass of the substrate or into a coating applied to the surface of the substrate on the front of the label, in particular in a coating of the transparent varnish type, or on the back, in particular in an adhesive applied to the surface of said substrate on its back.
  • the recorded magnetic information is never visible, even on the back through a transparent support on which the label is applied like a bottle, in particular, when it is a label. 'a bottle of wine or a bottle of perfume.
  • the magnetic information can be presented according to various embodiments.
  • the support comprises discontinuous zones with magnetic particles and the recording of magnetic bits is done in the form of pads, in particular by printing pads with a magnetic ink on a support.
  • the support comprises a succession of regions covered with magnetic ink and regions not covered with magnetic ink.
  • the support comprises magnetic particles in at least one continuous zone and the recording of logic bits is done by magnetization with fields whose direction of magnetization is reversed in localized regions. More precisely, certain regions of the medium are saturated in one direction or another, said regions then corresponding to bits "0" or respectively "1" of the coded information.
  • the data signal is analyzed at each clock pulse communicated on another track.
  • the support comprises magnetic particles in at least one continuous zone and the recording is done according to an F / 2F type encoding as described in the standards ISO 781 1-3 and 7811-6. Clock and bit tracks are merged. If the bit is a "1" there is a flow transition that takes place between two clock pulses, if the bit is a "0", there are no flow transitions between two clock pulses .
  • it is not acceptable that the bits can be demagnetized because it is no longer possible to restore the information before detection and reading. It is therefore preferable in this second embodiment, to use magnetic particles of medium to high coercivity, which are not likely to be demagnetized by simple use. In each of the embodiments, one can also play along the length of the magnetized zones so as to create a bar code.
  • coercivity particles from 15.5.1C to 800.10 3 A / m (approximately 200 to 10,000 Oe) are used in particular.
  • the so-called low coercivity materials have a coercivity of 15.5 x 10 d to 32 x 10 d A / m (about 200 to 400 Oe) and are generally iron oxides.
  • the so-called medium coercivity materials have a coercivity between 32.10 " 'and 135 J 0 d .
  • a / m (about 400 to 1700 Oe) and are generally iron oxides doped with cobalt or chromium dioxides.
  • of high coercivity have a coercivity of 135J0 3 to 800.10 3
  • a / m (about 1700 at 10,000 Oe)
  • barium or strontium ferrites in particular respectively BaFe ⁇ O 19 or SrFe J2 O ⁇ 9 are commonly used
  • the present invention makes it possible to identify a product and better still follow its trace in the industrial and commercial circuit. It makes it possible to fight against fraud and improve quality control, while allowing management from the production while keeping stocks.
  • Traceability is a legal obligation in the case of certain products such as for cars and their spare parts, for products subject to approval, medicines subject to marketing authorization or certain food products
  • traceability is defined as "the ability to find the history, use or location of a entity by means of registered identifications"
  • Traceability applies to the monitoring of a group of same items, bearing the same batch number as a reference, called statistical identification, or to individually identified objects, then called registration, or to a sequential identification of identified operations or operators.
  • linear bar codes (1D) in particular the bar code called logistics which translates the standardized coding E.AN 128, the most dense in information currently used for logistical monitoring of a product. It is used to symbolize both the information concerning the compulsory main identifier (date of manufacture and / or batch number) and additional information relating to the logistics unit (information concerning production, transport and the customer), in order to to ensure the traceability of the product from its manufacture to its point of sale.
  • a disadvantage of this type of barcode is that it requires tolerances for direct printing which are difficult to obtain with any medium. For example, if the print medium is a porous cardboard, it will absorb too much of the printing ink and will not allow prints of well defined small sizes to be made, otherwise the code will be difficult to read. Another disadvantage is that the amount of information it can contain is limited.
  • two-dimensional (2D) bar codes then appeared, which are formed by a stack of several linear bar codes which appears in the form of a checkerboard and, more recently, matrix codes have appeared which are no longer in the form of bars, but of light and dark dots or squares. They require specific decoding software which does not allow very fast data processing.
  • microchip Another way to record the traceability of a developing product is the microchip.
  • This chip is incorporated into a label or directly into the product. Although it has the possibility of storing permanent and evolving information at the same time, it has the disadvantage of being too large (around 2 mm 2 ) to be discreetly incorporated into a label or packaging or the product itself; it is all the thicker when it is activated, that is to say when it is implemented with an induction coil which provides it with the operating energy and is taken up in resin. Its lack of flexibility limits its inco ⁇ oration in ⁇ gide supports In addition, its cost price is high
  • the chip can be located easily, by visual identification or by touch It is not easily tampered with, it can be removed and replaced by another
  • a document according to the present invention can therefore provide a magnetic information carrier for identification and traceability of a product and / or process invisible and having a large and evolving memory which makes it possible to record and store a large amount of information. , some being permanent and others evolving
  • this support is compatible with anti-theft systems such as electromagnetic devices, circuits detectable remotely by radio frequency or magnetoacoustic devices, that is to say that it must not disturb detection, l activation and deactivation of these various devices
  • a document according to the invention makes it possible to highlight an attempt to alter a product, for example, when replacing a given product with another in a bottle, a bottle or a box
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a security document according to the invention, characterized in that said magnetic particles are incorporated into the mass of the substrate or of said security element or into a said coating on the surface of said substrate or said safety element in said zone
  • Said particles have a size and a concentration such that they do not affect the appearance characteristics of said zone and allow a uniform distribution of the particles in said zone as mentioned above.
  • a dispersion of magnetic particles is mixed with the base material of the substrate or of a coating applied to the surface of the substrate.
  • a coating which can be applied to the surface of the substrate have been described above.
  • an aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles according to the invention is mixed with the paper pulp to be used for the manufacture of said substrate consisting of a sheet of paper or of cardboard
  • said particles are inco ⁇ ored in the mass of a security element or in a coating applied to the surface of the security element, and said security element is inco laored in the mass of said substrate or one applies said security element on the surface of said substrate
  • Different types of coating that can be applied to the surface of said security element have been described above
  • This dispersion is then mco ⁇ oree in the mass of the substrate, including, where appropriate, in the mass of said security element, or in a said coating on the surface of the substrate of said security element according to a homogeneous distribution in said zone by mixing. of the dispersion of magnetic particles with the manufacturing medium of said substrate or of said safety element or of said coating, said dispersion being optionally previously diluted in a medium compatible with said manufacturing medium, so as to obtain a desired level of particles
  • a stabilized dispersion of magnetic particles is obtained by performing the following steps
  • the magnetic particles are mixed with a solution of a surfactant both wetting and dispersing and optionally a grinding resin in a medium compatible with the manufacturing medium with which the dispersion will be mixed later, so as to obtain a grinding paste with a high content of magnetic particles,
  • Said grinding paste obtained in step 1) is ground, in particular so as to obtain individualized particles of size less than 2 ⁇ , preferably less than 1 ⁇ ,
  • the ground pulp from step 2) is diluted in a solution so as to obtain a dispersion the content of magnetic particles of which is appropriate as a function of the manufacturing medium with which it will be mixed.
  • the content of particles in said drspersron is from 1 to 40% in particles, particularly from 5 to 15% of magnetic particles, by dry weight
  • said solution contains a rheology-modifying agent so as to prevent sedimentation of the particles during storage
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 represent the signals obtained with the papers of Examples 1 to 6 for encoding of type 2F and a FIG. 7 which represents the signal obtained with the paper of example 5 for an F / 2F type encoding
  • the dilution rate of the mixture is 3.6g / ld or, for example for 0.06% of particles introduced by dry weight, the dilution rate of magnetic particles is around 2mg / l ( therefore of the order of ppm)
  • Magnetic particles are iron oxide particles (Fe 2 O ⁇ ) and have a coercivity of 23.87 x 10 J A m (300 Oe), the largest particle size is less than about 1 ⁇ m
  • An aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles was obtained in the following manner.
  • a coarse iron oxide powder is added with stirring to an aqueous solution of both a wetting and dispersing surfactant, such as a salt.
  • ammonium poly (acrylic acid) and possibly a grinding resin such as PVA which has good compatibility with the medium to which it will be incorporated later, namely the fibrous suspension
  • a paste with a high particle content is obtained, called grinding paste , which is then ground in a horizontal ball mill to destroy the agglomerates and individualize the particles so as to obtain particles of size less than 1 ⁇
  • the concentrate of mdividualized magnetizable particles is then rediluted and stabilized against sedimentation by adding d a rheology-modifying agent, for example an aqueous gel of bentomtes or pyrogenic silicas
  • the dispersion obtained contains ient 10% of magnetic particles by dry weight
  • the sheets of paper obtained have an average grammage of 93 g / m 2
  • the surface of the paper obtained in a size press is treated with a solution of starch and a starch insolubilizer, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, in order to improve their impermeability.
  • the finished samples have a grammage of 95 g / m 2 and an average thickness of 122 ⁇ m
  • the respective quantities of the compounds introduced into the samples are given in Table 1, as well as the colo ⁇ met ⁇ ques results and the average amplitude of an encoded signal of type 2F only
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 represent the signals obtained by a 2F type encoding with the papers of Examples 1 to 6 respectively
  • FIG. 7 represents the signal obtained for an F / 2F type encoding with the paper of example 5
  • EXAMPLE 8 On a pilot paper machine, magnetic paper is produced which may be suitable as paper for making a banknote in the following manner
  • the aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles used in the preceding examples is added, at a rate of 0.05%> by dry weight and also 6% is added, by dry weight, of titanium dioxide pigments as mineral fillers providing whiteness and opacity. It is refined. Then a wet resistance agent (3% by dry weight, of a melamine-formaldehyde resin) and a canonical retention agent [0.5% by weight are added. dryness of a polyacrylamide], the percentages are expressed in dry weight compared to cotton fibers We dilute in the machine headbox The dilution rate of the magnetic particles is around ppm
  • the paper is impregnated with a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and possibly an antibacte ⁇ cide to improve the printability of the paper and provide the necessary resistance to the circulation of the banknote.
  • the finished samples have a grammage of 87 g / m 2 and an average thickness of 120 ⁇ m
  • Circulation resistance tests usually required for banknotes are also performed on the intaglio samples. These tests are tests for resistance to creasing in a wet, dry environment and resistance to washing with a detergent.
  • L * is 90.9, a * is 4.61 and b * is 9.53
  • a magnetic paper which may be suitable as paper for making a banknote in the following manner.
  • a suspension of cotton fibers dispersed in water the aqueous dispersion of particles is added.
  • magnetrques haircut below at a rate of 0.05% by dry weight and 6%, by dry weight, of titanium dioxide pigments are also added as mineral fillers providing whiteness and opacity
  • This suspension is refined
  • a wet strength agent 3% by dry weight, of a melamine-formaldehyde resin
  • a canonical retention agent [0.5% by dry weight of a polyacrylamide] are added, the percentages being express compared to cotton fibers We dilute in the machine headbox
  • the dilution rate of magnetic particles is around pp We form the sheet We press the sheet
  • the paper is impregnated with a solution of polyvinyl alcohol, and optionally with an antibacterial agent, to improve the impermeability of the paper and provide the resistance necessary for the circulation of the note.
  • the finished samples have a grammage of 90 g / m 2 and an average thickness of 120 ⁇ m
  • the magnetic particles are ba ⁇ um ferrites and have a coercivity of 218.84 x 10 J A / m (2750 Oe), the largest particle size is less than about 1 ⁇ m
  • the aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles was obtained in the following manner.
  • a powder of ba ⁇ um feints is added with stirring to an aqueous solution of a surfactant, both wetting and dispersing such as an ammonium salt.
  • a surfactant both wetting and dispersing such as an ammonium salt.
  • poly (acrylic acid) and possibly a grinding resin such as PVA which has good compatibility with the fibrous suspension to which it will be inco ⁇ ore ulte ⁇ eurement
  • the paste obtained, called grinding paste is then ground in a ball mill type horizontal to destroy the agglomerates and individualize the particles so as to obtain particles of size less than 1 ⁇
  • the concentrate of individualized magnetic particles is then rediluted and stabilized against the sedimentation of the particles by adding a rheology-modifying agent, such as for example an aqueous gel of bentonites or pyrogenic silicas
  • the dispersion comprises, by dry weight, 10 percent of magnesized particles ticks
  • the luminosity L * is 89J2, a * of 1J and b * of 4.5
  • a witness without magnetic particles was realized which had L * of 94.0, a * of - 0.9 and b * of 4.6
  • the color difference delta E * is 5.33
  • a layer of magnetic particles is deposited as a mixture in a heat-sealable varnish based on polyester in an organic solvent medium.
  • the magnetic particles were used in the form of a grinding paste at 10% by weight of particles produced as in Example 9 but using a grinding resin consisting of a polyester resin in the same organic solvent (methyl, ethyl, ketone) than heat sealable varnish.
  • the magnetic layer is deposited by gravure printing at a rate of 3 g / m 2 and contains
  • the heat-sealable varnish alone is deposited on the other side of the wire in order to hold the wire securely in the sheet of paper.
  • the total thickness of the film is 30 ⁇ m.
  • the film is cut into wires (strips) 3 mm wide.
  • the wire is introduced into a banknote paper so as to make the wire appear in windows according to the method described in European patent EP 59056. Magnetic data are recorded and read according to the conditions described below.
  • This wire is magnetically detectable and that significant characters are observed on the wire; it allows writing of magnetic data and / or significant characters visible over the entire width of the wire (the magnetic layer being transparent).
  • a paper is produced with a transparent holographic strip as follows: a paper of the banknote type is produced, as in Example 8 but without magnetic particles, is applied to the paper, along a strip along the paper, by serigraphic coating, a p ⁇ mer of adhesion which contains the magnetic particles
  • This primer is based on a styrene-acrylic polymer in an aqueous medium
  • a paper is produced with a magnetic ⁇ descent layer in the following manner a banknote type paper is produced as in Example 8 but without magnetic particles, - a composition comprising 100 parts by weight is applied to the paper by gravure printing.
  • dry pigment ⁇ descent IRIODINE 237 from Merck
  • 100 parts by dry weight of a polyurethane binder introduced in the form of a stabilized aqueous dispersion (latex)
  • the quantity deposited is 10 g / m 2 by dry weight, which corresponds to approximately 17.5 mg / m 2 of magnetic particles
  • a recording is made by an F / 2F type encoding of the document.
  • the recording is reread satisfactorily and, moreover, the phenomenon of i ⁇ descence is not affected.
  • the magnetic data is read on a pencil-type reader fitted with a magnetoresistive head.
  • the correct reading of the information confirms the homogeneous distribution of the magnetic particles and without reagglomeration.
  • cellulose fibers, white mineral fillers, a binder and possibly other additives customary in stationery, in particular for suspending paper for playing cards are suspended.
  • the sheet is dried On one side of this jet. of paper, 15 g / m 2 is deposited, by dragging coating, of a pigmented printing-writing layer comprising the magnetic particles
  • This layer is produced by dispersing in water 100 parts of white mineral fillers (75 parts of calcium carbonate and 25 parts of kaolin), 0J5 part of magnetic particles of the same dispersion of Example 9 (with coercivity of 218.84 x 10 d A / m), 10 parts of a styrene polymer binder- butadiene carboxylated in aqueous dispersion, 1 part of a viscosity regulating agent (Carboxymethylcellulose), 1 part of an optical brightener and 0.5 part of a calcium stearate The parts are expressed in dry weight
  • the magnetic coated paper obtained is dried and calendered Its grammage is
  • the finished samples have a grammage of 300 gm 2 and an average thickness of 300 ⁇ m
  • the visual aspect of the print-write layer is not significantly altered compared to that of a layer without magnetic particles
  • the magnetic presence of the data is detected with a reader with a magnetoresistive head after having carried out the magnetization of the samples by inductive head. It is therefore possible to detect a false card by absence of magnetism. Thanks to the invention, it is therefore possible to produce authentic playing cards. and / or containing information recorded by magnetism without altering their aesthetic appearance
  • the ISO whiteness is also determined according to the ISO 2471 standard (reflectance at 457 nm)
  • the pressure forces exerted between the recording head and the paper samples and the head-sample distance were selected so as to have the best possible recording and a maximum amplitude of the signal during reading.
  • Reading of magnetic data the reading of the magnetic recording of the samples is carried out with a magnetoresistive reading head
  • This magnetoresistive read head has a sensitivity of about 10 mV per Gauss and the resolution of the sensor is 27 ⁇ G
  • the width of the magnetoresistive head is 3 mm
  • the distance between the head and the sample is less than 200 ⁇ m
  • the intensity of the current in the magnetoresistance is set to 10 mA
  • an output signal is read in millivolts (voltage difference resulting from the variation of the resistivity of the head during the passage of the sample) which translates, in absolute value, the magnetic flux transitions saved -
  • the dosage of total iron is determined according to standard NF-T-12 025 (equivalent to international standard ISO 779) and is expressed as a percentage by weight of the sample
  • the level of Fe 2 0 3 is calculated from this iron level, after deduction of the control iron level
  • test of resistance to washing with a detergent is carried out as follows: a test piece of paper cut to the format 6.7 cm x 6.7 cm, is placed in a pocket of white fabric closed by staples Six pockets are placed in a jar containing 750 g of boiled water and 37.5 g of detergent (from the ARIEL® brand) The jar is placed on a stirring device (TURBULA device) at 60 revolutions / minute and for one hour, the temperature being 95 ° C. ⁇ 2 The papers are then taken out of the pockets and rinsed under running water, rubbing them lightly by hand

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention concerns security documents comprising a substrate consisting in a sheet of paper and comprising magnetic particles for magnetic recording and storing of data. The invention also concerns the uses and a method for making such a security document and a method for reading magnetically recorded and stored data. The invention is characterised in that the substrate comprises at least one zone characterised in that: a) said magnetic particles are included in the substrate mass or in a coating at the substrate surface; b) said magnetic particles do not affect said zone appearance characteristics; c) said magnetic particles are evenly distributed in said zone.

Description

PAPIER DE SECURITE SECURITY PAPER
COMPORTANT DES PARTICULES MAGNETIQUESCOMPRISING MAGNETIC PARTICLES
La présente invention concerne des documents de secuπte comprenant un substrat consistant en une feuille de papier et comprenant des particules magnétiques peimettant l'enregistrement et le stockage magnétiques d'informations La présente invention concerne également les utilisations et un procède de fabπcation d'un document de secunte selon l'invention ainsi qu une méthode de lecture des informations enregistrées et stockées magnétiquementThe present invention relates to security documents comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper and comprising magnetic particles peimisant magnetic recording and storage of information The present invention also relates to the uses and a method of manufacturing a document of secunte according to the invention and a method for reading information recorded and stored magnetically
Selon la présente invention, l'enregistrement des informations, y compπs l'aimantation du document de secuπte se fait a l'aide de têtes inductives, mais la lecture des informations, y compπs la détection de présence magnétique se fait par des machines de lecture dotées de capteurs magneto-resistifs comme il sera explicite ci-apresAccording to the present invention, the recording of the information, including the magnetization of the security document is done using inductive heads, but the reading of the information, including the magnetic presence detection is done by reading machines equipped with magneto-resistive sensors as will be explained below
Par « document de secuπte », on entend tout document comprenant des particules magnétiques selon l'invention et éventuellement un élément de secuπte supplémentaire c'est a dire un moyen d' authentification et/ou peimettant de détecter la contrefaçon et/ou rendant la contrefaçon difficile a re-aliser, notamment par photocopie E peut s'agir en particulier de documents officiels, comme les passeports, cartes d' identité ou permis de conduire, ou de moyens de paiement comme les billets de banque, les chèques ou encore des papiers fiduciaires, tickets ou bons de paiement mais aussi de tout papier que l'on souhaite pouvoir authentifier, tels que des billets d'entrée a des manifestations sportives ou culturelles, des tickets de transport, des contrats, des actes ou certificats, des étiquettes ou des emballagesBy “security document” is meant any document comprising magnetic particles according to the invention and possibly an additional security element, that is to say a means of authentication and / or peimisant to detect counterfeiting and / or rendering counterfeiting difficult to read, in particular by photocopy E can in particular be official documents, such as passports, identity cards or driving license, or means of payment such as banknotes, checks or papers fiduciaries, tickets or payment vouchers but also any paper that we want to be able to authenticate, such as entrance tickets to sporting or cultural events, transport tickets, contracts, deeds or certificates, labels or packaging
Selon la présente invention, on entend p.ar « papier » toutes feuilles de papier ou carton obtenues par voie humide a l'aide d'une suspension de fibres de cellulose naturelle et/ou de fibres synthétiques et pouvant contenir diverses charges minérales et divers additifs, tels que des liants utilises couramment en papeteπeAccording to the present invention, the term “paper” is understood to mean any sheet of paper or cardboard obtained by the wet method using a suspension of natural cellulose fibers and / or synthetic fibers and which may contain various mineral and various fillers. additives, such as binders commonly used in papermaking
Jusqu'à ce jour, la visibilité des particules magnétiques a limite considérablement leur possibilité d'utilisation comme élément de secuπte dans les papiers de secuπte On entend ici parTo date, the visibility of magnetic particles has considerably limited their possibility of use as a security element in security papers.
« visibilité » qu' il a ete impossible de les inclure telles quelles dans la masse ou sur toute la surface des documents en papier, sans affecter considérablement les caracteπstiques d'aspect de ces derniers"Visibility" that it was impossible to include them as they are in the mass or on the entire surface of the paper documents, without considerably affecting the appearance characteristics of the latter
En effet, dans le cas de billet transport par exemple, on est oblige d'appliquer les particules magnétiques au verso du billet, sous forme d'une bande étroite qui forme une piste magnétique de couleur marron très fonce Cette piste étant visible, eue est facile a imiter ou falsifier par des contrefacteurs De plus lors de l'impression et de la découpe pour la fabπcation des billets de transport, la présence dans une zone étroite et bien localisée des particules magnétiques implique qu'il faut effectuer des repérages en fonction de cette zoneIn fact, in the case of a transport ticket for example, it is necessary to apply the magnetic particles to the back of the ticket, in the form of a narrow strip which forms a magnetic stripe of very dark brown color. This track being visible, easy to imitate or falsify by counterfeiters Also during printing and cutting for the production of banknotes transport, the presence in a narrow and well localized zone of magnetic particles implies that it is necessary to carry out locations according to this zone
De même, dans le cas des billets de banque par exemple, les particules magnétiques ont ete appliquées essentiellement en surface de bandes de secuπte incorporées dans ces dits billets En effet, il est connu, pour authentifier les papiers, notamment les billets de banque, d'y incorporer une bande étroite en plastique, dite « bande ou fil de secuπte », souvent constituée d'un polyester transparent recouvert d'une couche de métal déposée sous vide ou impπmee La bande étroite de secuπte peut être incorporée dans la masse du papier en totalité ou en partie selon des méthodes bien connues de l'homme de l'art Ces bandes étroites peuvent n'être incorporées dans le papier que partiellement, c'est a dire, que la bande apparaît a la surface du document en certains endroits appelés « fenêtres », et ce, sur au moins une face du document Ces bandes de secuπte ont pπncipalement pour fonction de constituer une difficulté technique difficile a contrefaire, détectable visuellement par le public par observation en lumière transmise et/ou réfléchie, et de permettre une détection ou lecture par une machine Des fils de secuπte comportant un revêtement magnétique sont connus depuis longtempsSimilarly, in the case of banknotes for example, the magnetic particles have been applied essentially on the surface of security strips incorporated in these so-called notes. Indeed, it is known to authenticate papers, in particular banknotes, '' incorporate a narrow plastic strip, called "strip or safety wire", often made of a transparent polyester covered with a layer of metal deposited under vacuum or impπmee The narrow strip of safety can be incorporated into the mass of the paper in whole or in part according to methods well known to those skilled in the art These narrow bands may be incorporated into the paper only partially, that is to say, the band appears on the surface of the document in certain places called "windows", and this, on at least one side of the document These security tapes mainly have the function of constituting a technical difficulty difficult to counterfeit, detectable vis only by the public by observation in transmitted and / or reflected light, and allowing detection or reading by a machine Safety wires comprising a magnetic coating have been known for a long time
(EP 310 707) Le magnétisme applique aux bandes de secuπte, s'est impose comme la secuπte la plus fiable pour une lecture sur machine de tπ(EP 310 707) The magnetism applied to safety tapes has become the most reliable safety for reading on a tπ machine
Les bandes de secuπte peuvent être revêtues d'une couche de particules magnétiques continue susceptible de recevoir une information codée par enregistrement magnétique ou n'être recouvertes que de façon intermittente de plots comportant des particules magnétiques qui sont impπmes et magnétises de façon a créer un code (WO 90 / 08 367)The security strips may be coated with a layer of continuous magnetic particles capable of receiving information coded by magnetic recording or may be covered only intermittently with studs comprising magnetic particles which are impπmes and magnetized so as to create a code. (WO 90/08 367)
Les informations magnétiques sont lues pπncipalement a l'aide de têtes inductives Ces têtes de lecture dites « têtes inductives » mesurent les vaπations de flux magnétique La couche de magnétisme doit être suffisamment concentrée en particules et épaisse pour générer suffisamment de flux et permettre une bonne lecture En pratique, l'épaisseur des couches magnétiques est de l'ordre de 10 a 15 μm En outre, les couches magnétiques, compte tenu de leur concentration élevée en particules magnétiques apparaissent très foncées, voire noires Lorsqu'on introduit une bande trop sombre dans le papier, il devient très difficile de la rendre invisible en observation en lumière réfléchie et elle peut alors être reproduite par photocopie Pour rendre la bande revêtue d'une couche magnétique moins visible en lumière réfléchie, on dépose en gênerai une couche de masquage soit blanche soit métallique composée de particules réfléchissantes comme 1 .argent ou l'aluminium, qui cache le noir des pigments magnétiques mais augmente le coût de fabπcation de la bande En outre, la superposition des couches nécessaires pour la réalisation de ces bandes - l'épaisseur de la bande elle-même (environ 12 μm) s'ajoutant a l'épaisseur de la couche magnétique (environ 12 μm), a celle de la couche de masquage (environ 3 μm) et a celle d'un vernis thermoscellant (environ 2 μm) applique au recto et au verso de la bande pour son adhérence dans le papier - conduisent a une épaisseur totale de bande d'environ 30 μm voire plus, ce qui cause de grandes difficultés d'incorporation dans le papier et des difficultés d'empilement du papier dues aux surepaisseurs créées par les bandes de secuπte incorporées dans le papierThe magnetic information is read mainly using inductive heads These read heads called "inductive heads" measure the magnetic flux variations The magnetism layer must be sufficiently concentrated in particles and thick to generate sufficient flux and allow a good reading In practice, the thickness of the magnetic layers is of the order of 10 to 15 μm. In addition, the magnetic layers, given their high concentration of magnetic particles, appear very dark, even black. When a strip that is too dark is introduced into paper, it becomes very difficult to make it invisible under observation in reflected light and it can then be reproduced by photocopy. To make the strip coated with a magnetic layer less visible in reflected light, a masking layer is deposited, either white. either metallic composed of reflective particles like 1. silver or aluminum nium, which hides the black of the magnetic pigments but increases the cost of manufacturing the strip In addition, the superimposition of the layers necessary for the production of these strips - the thickness of the strip itself (approximately 12 μm) being added has the thickness of the magnetic layer (approximately 12 μm), to that of the masking layer (approximately 3 μm) and to that of a heat-sealing varnish (approximately 2 μm) applied to the front and back of the strip for its adhesion to the paper - lead to a total strip thickness of approximately 30 μm or more, which causes great difficulties of incorporation in the paper and difficulties of stacking of the paper due to the extra thicknesses created by the strips of secuπte incorporated in the paper
Par ailleurs, pour rendre la bande détectable visuellement, par observation en lumière transmise, il a ete propose (EP 279 880, EP 319 157, EP 516 790 et WO 96 0443) de porter des inscπptions en positif ou en négatif, par impression ou par evidement sur la surface de la bandeFurthermore, to make the strip detectable visually, by observation in transmitted light, it has been proposed (EP 279 880, EP 319 157, EP 516 790 and WO 96 0443) to carry inscriptions in positive or in negative, by printing or by recess on the surface of the strip
Toutes ces opérations de dépôt de couches, et éventuellement d' evidement de couches qui ont des cinétiques différentes, augmentent considérablement le coût final de la bande et en compliquent considérablement la fabπcationAll these operations of depositing layers, and possibly of recessing layers which have different kinetics, considerably increase the final cost of the strip and considerably complicate the manufacture thereof.
Dans la demande de brevet EP 498186, on a réalise un élément de secuπte revêtu de particules de fer pur de très basse coercitivrte (infeπeur a 100 Oe) car il est d'une couleur claire gπs argent et donc moins visible que des pigments magnétiques usuels de plus forte coercitivite notamment supeπeure a 2000 Oe, de couleur foncée ou noire L'élément est un fil de secuπte ou des planchettes introduits au moins en partie dans le papier afin d'atténuer la couleur gπse par le papier Les quantités en particules magnétiques a utiliser ne sont pas indiquées mais par ailleurs il est quand même envisage de masquer les zones comportant les particules Enfin, l'élément de secuπte est très spécifique et ne donne pas la possibilité d'enregistrer magnétiquement des données car les mateπaux magnétiques doux decπts dans ce document, ne permettent pas de stocker des informations magnétiques a cause de leur sensibilité a l'environnement magnétique exteneurIn patent application EP 498186, a safety element was produced coated with pure iron particles of very low coercivity (less than 100 Oe) because it is of a light silvery color and therefore less visible than usual magnetic pigments. of higher coercitivite in particular superior to 2000 Oe, of dark or black color The element is a safety wire or boards introduced at least partly in the paper in order to attenuate the color gπse by the paper The quantities in magnetic particles has to use are not indicated but moreover it is nevertheless envisaged to mask the zones comprising the particles Finally, the safety element is very specific and does not give the possibility of recording magnetically data because the soft magnetic materials decπts in this document, do not allow to store magnetic information because of their sensitivity to the magnetic environment
Les capteurs inductifs traditionnels qui mesurent les variations de flux magnétique par vaπation de l'intensité dans une bobine, exigent, pour une lecture correcte des informations codées, que la vitesse de défilement du fil de secuπte magnétique par rapport a la tête de lecture soit constante C'est pourquoi, il a ete propose dans EP 610 917 d'utiliser non pas des capteurs inductifs mais des capteurs magneto-resistifs car ces capteurs mesurent l'aimantation rémanente liée a une vaπation de resistivite dans le capteur, ce qui permet une lecture a vitesse vaπable du fil par rapport a la tête de détection Toutefois, dans EP 610 917, le revêtement magnétique du fil comporte plus de 15% de particules magnétiques en mélange dans une couche d'aluminium et présente une couleur sombre opaque, en liaison avec des evidements crées dans ladite couche pour permettre la détection par observation en lumière transmise d une inscπption en négatif créée dans ladite coucheThe traditional inductive sensors which measure the variations of magnetic flux by variation of the intensity in a coil, require, for a correct reading of the coded information, that the running speed of the magnetic safety wire with respect to the read head is constant This is why, it was proposed in EP 610 917 to use not inductive sensors but magneto-resistive sensors because these sensors measure the remanent magnetization linked to a variation in resistivity in the sensor, which allows a reading at variable speed of the wire relative to the detection head However, in EP 610 917, the magnetic coating of the wire comprises more than 15% of magnetic particles mixed in an aluminum layer and has an opaque dark color, in conjunction with recesses created in said layer to allow detection by observation in transmitted light of a negative pattern created in said layer
Par ailleurs il a ete essaye depuis fort longtemps d'introduire des particules magnétiques en masse d'un papier, lors de sa fabπcation Par exemple dans le brevet DE 805811 de 1948 on a decπt l'ajout par précipitation entre du chlorure de fer et de l'ammoniaque On obtient des feuilles en haute teneur de particules, donc de couleur foncée et la méthode est limitée a un type de données de pigmentsIn addition, attempts have been made for a very long time to introduce magnetic particles into mass of a paper, during its manufacture For example in patent DE 805811 of 1948 it was decided to add by precipitation between iron chloride and ammonia Leaves are obtained with high content of particles, therefore colored dark and the method is limited to one type of pigment data
Dans la demande de brevet US 5143583 on a incorpore des particules magnétiques dans un papier en faisant imprégner les lumens des fibres de cellulose par une composition magnétique ou un précipite in situ de pigments magnétiques afin d'améliorer la rétention des particules et de ne pas trop affecter les caracteπstiques mécaniques Mais, les taux de particules dans le papier sont supeπeurs a 10 % et conduisent a des papiers de couleur foncéeIn the patent application US 5143583 magnetic particles were incorporated into a paper by impregnating the lumens of the cellulose fibers with a magnetic composition or an in situ precipitate of magnetic pigments in order to improve the retention of the particles and not too much affect the mechanical characteristics But, the levels of particles in the paper are higher than 10% and lead to dark colored papers
Il n'a pas ete possible jusqu'à ce jour de retenir des pigments magnétiques dans ou sur un papier, de les introduire de façon homogène et individualises sans les agglomérer et conférant au papier l'aptitude a être enregistre et détecte magnétiquement sans affecter de manière notable la couleur du papierTo date, it has not been possible to retain magnetic pigments in or on a paper, to introduce them in a homogeneous and individualized manner without agglomerating them and giving the paper the ability to be recorded and detected magnetically without affecting noticeably the color of the paper
Un but de la présente invention est de conférer a un document de secuπte comprenant un substrat consistant en une feuille de papier, l'aptitude a être magnétise, enregistre, détecte et lu par machine grâce a ses propπetes magnétiques, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de masquer les zones magnétiques pour les rendre invisiblesAn object of the present invention is to confer on a security document comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper, the ability to be magnetized, recorded, detected and read by machine by virtue of its magnetic properties, without it being necessary to mask the magnetic zones to make them invisible
En particulier, un but de la présente invention est de pouvoir introduire des particules magnétiques de façon homogène et sans agrégats sur une zone étendue a la surface ou dans la masse d'un substrat consistant en une feuille de papierIn particular, an object of the present invention is to be able to introduce magnetic particles in a homogeneous manner and without aggregates over an area extended on the surface or in the mass of a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de pouvoir encoder des informations magnétiques en quantité accrue par rapport aux modes de réalisation anteπeurs de document comprenant un substrat consistant en une feuille de papierAnother object of the present invention is to be able to encode magnetic information in an increased quantity compared to the previous embodiments of document comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper.
D'autres buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la descπption des modes de réalisation de l'invention, ci-apresOther objects and advantages of the present invention will appear in the description of the embodiments of the invention, below.
La présente invention fournit un document de secuπte comprenant un substrat consistant en une feuille de papier et au moms une zone comportant des particules magnétiques permettant l'enregistrement et le stockage magnétiques d'informations, caracteπse en ce que a) lesdites particules magnétiques sont compπses dans la masse du substrat ou dans un revêtement a la surface du substrat, b) lesdites particules magnétiques n'affectent pas les caracteπstiques d'aspect de ladite zone, et c) lesdites particules magnétiques sont reparties de manière uniforme dans ladite zoneThe present invention provides a security document comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper and at least one area comprising magnetic particles allowing magnetic recording and storage of information, characterized in that a) said magnetic particles are compπses in the mass of the substrate or in a coating on the surface of the substrate, b) said magnetic particles do not affect the appearance characteristics of said zone, and c) said magnetic particles are distributed uniformly in said zone.
Les particules magnétiques peuvent être compπses directement, c est a dire telles quelles dans la masse ou dans un revêtement a la surface du substrat, ou indirectement, c est a dire par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de secuπte Dans ce dernier cas, lesdites particules magnétiques peuvent être compπses dans la masse dudit élément de secuπte ou dans un revêtement applique en surface dudit élément de secuπte, ledit élément de secuπte étant lui-même compπs en totalité ou en partie dans la masse du substrat ou applique en surface de celui-ci Par « élément de secuπte », on entend tout élément associe au substrat, notamment au papier et contπbuant a l' authentification du document ou rendant sa contrefaçon difficile II peut s'agir, notamment d'un revêtement particulier a la surface du substrat, ou d'un élément compπs dans la masse ou applique a la surface du substrat, telle qu'une bande en plastique inclue, en totalité ou en partie, dans la masse du substrat, ou des planchettes ou un hologramme applique a la surface du substrat, ou sur un autre élément de secuπteThe magnetic particles can be directly compπses, ie as such in the mass or in a coating on the surface of the substrate, or indirectly, ie by means of a safety element In the latter case, said magnetic particles may be compπses in the mass of said security element or in a coating applied to the surface of said security element, said security element itself being fully or partially compπs in the mass of the substrate or applied to the surface thereof ci By "security element" is meant any element associated with the substrate, in particular with paper and contributing to the authentication of the document or making its counterfeiting difficult. It can be, in particular, a particular coating on the surface of the substrate, or of an element compπs in the mass or applied to the surface of the substrate, such as a plastic strip included, in whole or in part, in the mass of the subst rat, or boards or a hologram applied to the surface of the substrate, or to another safety element
Par « revêtement a la surface du substrat ou de l'élément de secuπte » on entend qu'il s'agit d'un revêtement qui n'est pas, au moins en partie, recouvert par une couche masquante, ledit revêtement pouvant être présent a la surface externe du substrat ou être situe dessous ou entre d'autres couches qui elles-mêmes ne masquent pas directement ledit revêtement, au moins en partie De même par la caracteπstique b) selon laquelle « les particules magnétiques n'affectent pas les caracteπstiques d'aspect de ladite zone » on entend qu'il n'est pas nécessaire de masquer ladite zone pour les rendre invisible Plus précisément, la caracteπstique b) selon laquelle, des « particules magnétiques n'affectent pas les caracteπstiques d'aspect de la zone » signifie que lorsqu'elles sont compπses dans la masse du substrat, ou compπses a l'inteπeur d'un élément de secuπte, lui-même compπs, en totalité ou en partie, dans la masse du substrat, ou encore lorsqu'elles sont inclues dans un revêtement a la surface du substrat, ou dudit élément de secuπte, on ne discerne pas les particules en tant que telles et l'aspect, notamment la luminosité (L*) et/ou les coordonnées coloπmetπques (L*, a*, b*) dans le système CIEL.AB,et/ou l'opacité du substrat, et/ou de l'élément de secuπte ne sont pas ou très peu modifiées Plus particulièrement, l'écart de couleur Delta E* dans la formule CIEL.AB entre un substrat temom sans particules magnétiques et un même substrat se distinguant uniquement par la présence de particules magnétiques selon la présente invention, est infeπeur a 10 Plus généralement, l'écart de couleur Delta E* dans la formule CIELAB entre une dite zone comprenant lesdites particules magnétiques et une zone s'en distinguant par l'absence de particules magnétiques, oBy “coating on the surface of the substrate or of the safety element” is meant that it is a coating which is not, at least in part, covered by a masking layer, said coating possibly being present on the external surface of the substrate or be located below or between other layers which themselves do not directly mask said coating, at least in part Similarly by the characteristic b) according to which "the magnetic particles do not affect the characteristics of appearance of said area "means that it is not necessary to hide said area to make them invisible More specifically, the characteristic b) according to which," magnetic particles do not affect the appearance characteristics of the zone ”means that when they are contained in the mass of the substrate, or when they are inside a safety element, which itself is wholly or partly contained in the mass of the substrate, or even when they are i ncluded in a coating on the surface of the substrate, or of said safety element, the particles as such are not distinguished and the appearance, in particular the luminosity (L *) and / or the coloπmetπques coordinates (L *, a * , b *) in the CIEL.AB system, and / or the opacity of the substrate, and / or of the safety element are not or very little modified More particularly, the color difference Delta E * in the formula CIEL.AB between a temom substrate without magnetic particles and the same substrate distinguished only by the presence of magnetic particles according to the present invention, is less than 10 More generally, the color difference Delta E * in the CIELAB formula between a so-called zone comprising said magnetic particles and a zone distinguished by the absence of magnetic particles, o
est mfeπeure a 10is greater than 10
En particulier, lorsque le substrat ou le revêtement comprenant lesdites particules magnétiques est de couleur claire a blanc, la luminosité L* est supeπeure a 70 et de préférence a 80 Plus particulièrement encore, lorsque le substrat ou le revêtement comprenant lesdites particules magnétiques est de couleur claire a blanche, sa blancheur ISO selon la norme ISO 2471 (réflectance a 457 nm) est supeπeure ou égale a 60% et/ou sa blancheur CEE selon la formule CTEL& est supeπeure ou égale a 20 %, sous illuminant D65 sans UN et sous un angle d'observation de 10°In particular, when the substrate or coating comprising said magnetic particles is light to white in color, the luminosity L * is greater than 70 and preferably more than 80. More particularly still, when the substrate or coating comprising said magnetic particles is colored clear to white, its ISO whiteness according to ISO 2471 (reflectance at 457 nm) is greater than or equal to 60% and / or its EEC whiteness according to the CTEL formula & is greater than or equal to 20%, under illuminant D65 without UN and under an observation angle of 10 °
Des charges apportant de la blancheur, connues dans le domaine papetier comme par exemple le dioxyde de titane ou le carbonate de calcium, peuvent être ajoutées pour améliorer la blancheur, en particulier a des taux compπs entre 2 et 10 %Fillers providing whiteness, known in the paper industry such as for example titanium dioxide or calcium carbonate, can be added to improve whiteness, in particular at rates between 2 and 10%
Lorsque le substrat, l'élément de secuπte ou le revêtement a la surface du substrat ou l'élément de secuπte, sont transparents ou translucides leur opacité n est pas substantiellement modifiée de sorte que la transparence est conservée L invention permet d'associer dans la même zone des propπetes magnétiques avec un élément de secuπte tel que notamment un élément d'identification a effet visuel, en p.artιculιer un élément comportant des inscπptions destinées a être vues, sans que la présence des particules magnétiques n'occulte l'effet visuel recherche avec ledit élément de secuπte, notamment ledit élément d'identification a effet visuel Selon la présente invention, les particules magnétiques peuvent donc être associées a tous les éléments de secuπte existant dans les documents de secuπte, notamment les papiers de secuπte, et/ou sur des zones étendues desdits documents de secuπte, ce qui n'était pas le cas précédemment Elles peuvent en outre, permettre d'enregistrer et de stocker des quantités d'informations beaucoup plus importantes que précédemment, notamment sous forme de codes magnétiques et, rendre la zone ou l'information magnétique a ete enregistrée et stockée invisible a l'oeil nu et invisible a la loupe magnétiqueWhen the substrate, the security element or the coating on the surface of the substrate or the security element, are transparent or translucent their opacity is not substantially modified so that the transparency is preserved. The invention makes it possible to associate in the same area of magnetic properties with a safety element such as in particular an identification element with visual effect, in particular an element comprising inscriptions intended to be seen, without the presence of magnetic particles occulting the visual effect research with said security element, in particular said identification element with visual effect According to the present invention, the magnetic particles can therefore be associated with all the security elements existing in security documents, in particular security papers, and / or over large areas of said security documents, which was not the case previously They may also e, make it possible to record and store much greater amounts of information than previously, in particular in the form of magnetic codes and, to make the area where the magnetic information has been recorded and stored invisible to the naked eye and invisible to the magnetic magnifier
Selon la présente invention, la lecture des informations ou la détection de présence magnétique se fait par des machines de tri ou de lecture dotées de capteurs magneto-resistifs lesquels ont une sensibilité très supérieure aux têtes inductives utilisées antérieurement , on peut donc lire les informations magnétiques codées ou simplement caracteπser l'aimantation a saturation ou rémanente des pigments avec des concentrations en particules magnétiques très faibles, notamment, inférieures aux concentrations permettant une détection par des capteurs inductifs et rendant la présence desdites particules invisibles Toutefois, selon une caracteπstique de l'invention liée a la sensibilité des têtes magneto-resistives, il est nécessaire que les particules magnétiques ne forment pas d'agglomérats ou d'agrégats inhomogènes. Il est donc nécessaire que des particules magnétiques soient bien individualisées et uniformément dispersées et réparties dans leur substrat. On entend donc par « répartition uniforme des particules magnétiques », que la densité volumique en particules dans ladite zone, c'est à dire dans la masse du substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité ou dans le revêtement à la surface dudit substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité dans ladite zone, et donc l'aimantation magnétique à saturation ou rémanente dans ladite zone sont sensiblement constantes de sorte qu'il n'y ait pas ou peu de bruit de fond. Cette caractéristique est nécessaire pour permettre de lire de façon fiable un message codé, enregistré dans ladite zone. Pour ce faire, on réalise avantageusement selon la présente invention une dispersion des particules magnétiques dans laquelle on obtient une bonne individualisation des particules, ce qui permet de prévenir une réagglomérisation desdites particules. Les particules sont sous formes de pigments pouvant être enrobés d'une couche, même discrète (c'est à dire non continue) provenant du milieu de dispersion. Lorsque l'on incorpore cette dispersion de particules dans le milieu de fabrication dudit substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité ou dudit revêtement à la surface du substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité, qui doit les contenir, on conserve les particules sous forme individualisées sans réagglomération et elles sont réparties de façon homogène dans ledit substrat ou dit élément de sécurité ou dit revêtement et ce même en introduisant lesdites particules à de très faibles taux.According to the present invention, the reading of the information or the detection of magnetic presence is done by sorting or reading machines provided with magneto-resistive sensors which have a much higher sensitivity to the inductive heads used previously, one can therefore read the magnetic information coded or simply characterize the saturation or remanent magnetization of the pigments with very low magnetic particle concentrations, in particular, lower than the concentrations allowing detection by inductive sensors and making the presence of said particles invisible However, according to a characteristic of the invention related to the sensitivity of the magneto-resistive heads, it is necessary that the magnetic particles do not form agglomerates or inhomogeneous aggregates. It is therefore necessary that magnetic particles are well individualized and uniformly dispersed and distributed in their substrate. The term “uniform distribution of magnetic particles” is therefore understood to mean that the particle density in said zone, that is to say in the mass of the substrate or of said security element or in the coating on the surface of said substrate or of said security element. security in said zone, and therefore the saturation or remanent magnetic magnetization in said zone are substantially constant so that there is little or no background noise. This characteristic is necessary to enable a coded message recorded in said zone to be read reliably. To do this, advantageously according to the present invention is carried out a dispersion of the magnetic particles in which a good individualization of the particles is obtained, which makes it possible to prevent re-agglomeration of said particles. The particles are in the form of pigments which can be coated with a layer, even a discrete (that is to say non-continuous) layer coming from the dispersion medium. When this dispersion of particles is incorporated into the manufacturing medium of said substrate or of said security element or of said coating on the surface of the substrate or of said security element, which must contain them, the particles are preserved in individualized form without re-agglomeration and they are distributed homogeneously in said substrate or said security element or said coating, even by introducing said particles at very low rates.
La dispersion comprend un agent tensio-actif mouillant et dispersant pour permettre l'individualisation des particules et la redispersion de cette dispersion dans le milieu final d'incoiporation. Les particules sont stabilisées contre la sédimentation en incorporant avantageusement un agent de contrôle de la rhéologie si nécessaire.The dispersion comprises a wetting and dispersing surfactant to allow the individualization of the particles and the redispersion of this dispersion in the final incoiporation medium. The particles are stabilized against sedimentation by advantageously incorporating a rheology control agent if necessary.
Cette façon d'incorporer la dispersion est particulièrement avantageuse lorsque l'on incorpore la dispersion à un milieu liquide et à des taux de dilution très élevés et de surcroît sous forte agitation car on pourrait craindre une réagglomérisation par un "lessivage" des particules, c'est-à-dire par destruction de la couche protectrice et stabilisante qui s'est formée autour des particules individualisées. Ceci est donc avantageux lorsque l'on incoipore la dispersion de particules magnétiques à une suspension de fibres de cellulose pour la fabrication d' un substrat consistant en une feuille de papier laquelle se fait toujours en milieu dilué. De plus, on choisit la forme et la taille des particules magnétiques comme il sera explicité ci-après.This way of incorporating the dispersion is particularly advantageous when the dispersion is incorporated into a liquid medium and at very high dilution rates and, moreover, with vigorous stirring since one might fear re-agglomeration by "leaching" of the particles, c that is to say by destruction of the protective and stabilizing layer which has formed around the individualized particles. This is therefore advantageous when the dispersion of magnetic particles is incorporated into a suspension of cellulose fibers for the manufacture of a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper which is always done in a diluted medium. In addition, the shape and size of the magnetic particles is chosen as will be explained below.
Les particules magnétiques peuvent donc être incorporées avantageusement dans la masse du papier en mélangeant une dispersion aqueuse desdites particules avec le mélange de fibres, notamment de cellulose ou de coton et des adjuvants papetiers classiques pour la réalisation de la feuille de papier. Ladite zone comprenant lesdites particules peut recouvrir la totalité du substrat ou une partie seulement.The magnetic particles can therefore advantageously be incorporated into the mass of the paper by mixing an aqueous dispersion of the said particles with the mixture of fibers, in particular of cellulose or cotton and conventional papermaking adjuvants for producing the paper sheet. Said area comprising said particles may cover the whole of the substrate or only a part thereof.
L'incorporation directe des particules magnétiques dans la masse du substrat, ou dans un revêtement à la surface du substrat dans une zone recouvrant la totalité du substrat, permet d'étendre considérablement les possibilités d'utilisation de la présente invention. Toutefois, lorsque les particules magnétiques sont comprises directement dans la masse du substrat, ou dans un revêtement à la surface du substrat, elles peuvent l'être dans une zone localisée, notamment sous forme d'une bande, notamment de largeur de 1 à 5 cm par des procédés connus de l'homme de l'art, ladite zone ne recouvrant pas nécessairement la totalité du substrat. La présente invention est particulièrement avantageuse lorsque le substrat comprenant lesdites particules magnétiques est un substrat en papier de couleur claire, notamment blanche, crème ou jaune pâle. Dans ce cas, comme mentionné précédemment, la luminosité L* du systèmeThe direct incorporation of magnetic particles into the mass of the substrate, or into a coating on the surface of the substrate in an area covering the entire substrate, makes it possible to considerably extend the possibilities of use of the present invention. However, when the magnetic particles are included directly in the mass of the substrate, or in a coating on the surface of the substrate, they can be in a localized area, in particular in the form of a strip, in particular of width from 1 to 5 cm by methods known to those skilled in the art, said area not necessarily covering the entire substrate. The present invention is particularly advantageous when the substrate comprising said magnetic particles is a light colored paper substrate, in particular white, cream or pale yellow. In this case, as mentioned above, the brightness L * of the system
CDELAB est supérieure à 70 et de préférence à 80. La blancheur ISO selon la norme ISO 2471 est de préférence supérieure ou égale à 60%> et la blancheur CIE selon la formule CEELAB est de préférence supérieure ou égale à 20%o, mesurées sous illuminant D65 sans UN sous un angle d'observation de 10°.CDELAB is greater than 70 and preferably 80. The ISO whiteness according to ISO 2471 is preferably greater than or equal to 60%> and the CIE whiteness according to the CEELAB formula is preferably greater than or equal to 20% o, measured under illuminating D65 without UN at an observation angle of 10 °.
Lorsque les particules magnétiques sont comprises dans un revêtement à la surface du substrat, ou à la surface dudit élément de sécurité, ce revêtement peut être constitué par une encre ou un vernis ou encore une composition de couchage ou d'encollage, qui peut être appliqué(e) respectivement par impression ou couchage papetier. La composition de couchage peut comporter notamment, outre lesdites particules magnétiques, un liant du type polyalcool de vinyle (PVA), amidon ou polymère en dispersion aqueuse (latex), des charges de couchage, de l'eau et des additifs. Le vernis peut comporter notamment, outre lesdites particules magnétiques, un liant polymère, un solvant et des additifs. La composition de couchage peut être appliquée par les moyens connus de l'homme de l'art avec des installations de couchage, telles que presse-encolleuse, coucheuse à lame métallique, coucheuse à lame d'air, coucheuse à barre rotative type CHAMPION, coucheuse à transfert de film prédosé.When the magnetic particles are included in a coating on the surface of the substrate, or on the surface of said security element, this coating can be constituted by an ink or a varnish or else a coating or sizing composition, which can be applied (e) respectively by printing or papermaking. The coating composition may especially comprise, in addition to said magnetic particles, a binder of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), starch or polymer in aqueous dispersion (latex) type, coating fillers, water and additives. The varnish may especially include, in addition to said magnetic particles, a polymeric binder, a solvent and additives. The coating composition can be applied by means known to those skilled in the art with coating installations, such as press-glue machine, metal blade coater, air knife coater, CHAMPION type rotary bar coater, pre-dosed film transfer coater.
Comme encres ou vernis, on cite plus particulièrement les encres ou vernis d'impression qui peuvent être appliqués par héliogravure, impression taille-douce, impression offset ou sérigrapliie sur une épaisseur de 1 à 5 μm. Dans les vernis d'impression, on peut citer les vernis solubles en milieu aqueux ou en solvant organique qui sont séchés par évaporation, et les vernis fixés par rayonnement UN ou électronique (« électron beam »).As inks or varnishes, mention is more particularly made of printing inks or varnishes which can be applied by gravure printing, intaglio printing, offset printing or screen printing over a thickness of 1 to 5 μm. In printing varnishes, mention may be made of varnishes soluble in an aqueous medium or in an organic solvent which are dried by evaporation, and varnishes fixed by UN or electronic radiation (“electron beam”).
Le revêtement de surface comprenant des particules magnétiques, selon la présente invention, peut eg ement être constitue d'une composition adhesive appliquée a la surface du substrat, notamment du papier ou dudit élément de secuπte, en particulier, un vernis thermoscellant facilitant la tenue dudit élément de secuπte dans la masse du substrat, notamment du papierThe surface coating comprising magnetic particles, according to the present invention, may also consist of an adhesive composition applied to the surface of the substrate, in particular paper or of said security element, in particular, a heat-sealing varnish facilitating the holding of said security element in the mass of the substrate, in particular of paper
Le revêtement a la surface du substrat, notamment du papier peut également être constitue par un film plastique dans la masse duquel sont incorporées les particules magnétiques notamment un film d'épaisseur de 10 a 500 μ mThe coating on the surface of the substrate, in particular paper can also be constituted by a plastic film in the mass of which the magnetic particles are incorporated in particular a film with a thickness of 10 to 500 μ m
Lorsque lesdites particules sont compπses dans un revêtement a la surface du substrat, notamment du papier ou d'un élément de secuπte, ledit revêtement peut être avantageusement transparent ou translucide Pour satisfaire a la fois aux caracteπstiques d'aspect du papier, notamment aux valeurs de blancheur ISO et CIE mentionnées précédemment, et aux caracteπstiques de répartition uniforme des particules magnétiques de la présente invention, et pour permettre une détection de présence magnétique ou l'enregistrement d'une densité d'information donnée, il est avantageux que lesdites particules veπfient les caracteπstiques de concentration et de taille suivantes pπses séparément ou en combinaison a) lorsque les particules sont compπses dans la masse dudit substrat, leur concentration est infeπeure ou égale a 1 %, de préférence a 0J0 %>, de préférence de 0,001 % a 0J0 %, de préférence encore de 0,02 % a 0,07 % en poids sec par rapport au poids dudit substrat dans ladite zone, b) lorsque lesdites particules sont compπses dans un revêtement applique en surface dudit substrat, ou d'un dit élément de secuπte, la quantité de particules magnétiques déposée dans ladite zone est infeπeure ou égale a 250 mg/m2, plus particulièrement de 1 a 100 mg/m2 et de préférence encore de 5 a 50 mg/m2, plus particulièrement de 10 a 20 mg/m2, c) les particules magnétiques ont une taille infeπeure ou égale a 2 μm, de préférence infeπeure a 1 μm, notamment de 0J a 1 μm, plus particulièrement encore de 0J a 0,5 μm Par « taille », on entend ici la plus grande dimension de la particuleWhen said particles are compπses in a coating on the surface of the substrate, in particular paper or a safety element, said coating can advantageously be transparent or translucent To satisfy both the appearance characteristics of the paper, in particular the values of ISO and CIE whiteness mentioned above, and with the characteristics of uniform distribution of the magnetic particles of the present invention, and to allow detection of magnetic presence or recording of a given information density, it is advantageous for said particles to following concentration and size characteristics weighed separately or in combination a) when the particles are compacted in the mass of said substrate, their concentration is less than or equal to 1%, preferably at 0J0%>, preferably from 0.001% to 0J0% , more preferably from 0.02% to 0.07% by dry weight relative to the weight of said substrate in said zone, b) when said particles are compressed in a coating applied to the surface of said substrate, or of a said safety element, the quantity of magnetic particles deposited in said zone is less than or equal to 250 mg / m 2 , more particularly from 1 to 100 mg / m 2 and more preferably from 5 to 50 mg / m 2 , more particularly from 10 to 20 mg / m 2 , c) the magnetic particles have a size less than or equal to 2 μm, preferably less than 1 μm, in particular from 0J to 1 μm, more particularly still from 0J to 0.5 μm By “size”, we mean here the largest dimension of the particle
Pour des concentrations dans la masse du substrat infeπeures a 0,01%>, et pour des quantités infeπeures a 5 mg/m2 pour un revêtement a la surface du substrat ou a la surface de l'élément de secuπte, l'encodage et sa lecture deviennent drfficiles Pour un papier blanc, un bon compromis entre un écart de couleur delta E* minimum et un signal optimum dans les conditions d'enregistrement et de lecture des données, est obtenu avec des concentrations de particules de 0,02 % a 0,07 % dans la masse du substrat et 5 a 50 mg/m2 dans un revêtement a la surface du substrat ou dudit élément de secuπte comme mentionne ci-dessusFor concentrations in the mass of the substrate less than 0.01%>, and for quantities less than 5 mg / m 2 for a coating on the surface of the substrate or on the surface of the safety element, the encoding and reading becomes difficult For white paper, a good compromise between a minimum delta E * color difference and an optimum signal under the conditions of recording and reading the data is obtained with particle concentrations of 0.02% a 0.07% in the mass of the substrate and 5 to 50 mg / m 2 in a coating on the surface of the substrate or of said safety element as mentioned above
Lorsque les particules sont compπses dans la masse dudit élément de secuπte, elles sont considérées comme étant compπses dans la masse dudit substrat et les concentrations de particules magnétiques sont celles indiquées ci-dessus lorsque les particules sont compπses dans la masse dudit substratWhen the particles are compacted in the mass of said safety element, they are considered to be compπses in the mass of said substrate and the concentrations of magnetic particles are those indicated above when the particles are compπses in the mass of said substrate
Lorsque ledit document de secuπte est un billet de banque, ledit élément de secuπte est éventuellement constitue par une bande de secuπte de mateπau plastique compπse, en totalité ou en partie, dans la masse du substrat, notamment du papier, lesdites particules étant compπses dans la masse ou dans un revêtement de surface de ladite bandeWhen said security document is a banknote, said security element is possibly constituted by a security strip of plastic material, wholly or partly, in the mass of the substrate, in particular paper, said particles being composed in the mass or in a surface coating of said strip
Selon la présente invention, il est possible d'appliquer sur une bande de secuπte, des couches magnétiques transparentes d'épaisseur de 1 a 5 μm, permettant l'enregistrement et la détection d'informations magnétiques codées Compte tenu, des caracteπstiques d'aspect de ladite couche magnétique, appliquée sur la bande de secuπte, il n'est pas nécessaire de revêtir la couche magnétique d'une couche métallique de masquage L'épaisseur des fils ou des bandes de secuπte, selon la présente invention, se trouve donc considérablement diminuée par rapport aux réalisations anteπeures de bandes magnétiques de secuπte La présente invention a donc également pour objet des bandes de secuπte telles que définies précédemment et plus particulièrement des bandes d'épaisseur 10 a 50 μm et d'une largeur de 0,5 mm a 5 cm, de préférence 1 a 5 mmAccording to the present invention, it is possible to apply to a security strip, transparent magnetic layers with a thickness of 1 to 5 μm, allowing the recording and detection of encoded magnetic information. Given the appearance characteristics of said magnetic layer, applied to the safety strip, it is not necessary to coat the magnetic layer with a metallic masking layer. The thickness of the safety wires or strips, according to the present invention, is therefore considerably The present invention therefore also relates to security strips as defined above, and more particularly strips of thickness 10 to 50 μm and with a width of 0.5 mm. 5 cm, preferably 1 to 5 mm
Les particules peuvent être incorporées a la bande de secuπte par dépôt d'une couche magnétique spécifique ou simplement par mélange aux couches existantes, telles que la couche de vernis protecteur utilise lors d'une demetallisation, la couche de vernis thermoscellant les encres d'impression ou encore incorporées dans la masse du fil plastique, lui-mêmeThe particles can be incorporated into the security strip by depositing a specific magnetic layer or simply by mixing with the existing layers, such as the layer of protective varnish used during demetallization, the layer of varnish heat sealing the printing inks. or incorporated into the mass of the plastic wire, itself
Les documents de secuπte, notamment les papiers de secuπte ou les bandes de secuπte compπses dans lesdits documents, comportant un hologramme, sont recherches car ils sont difficiles a contrefaire, tout en étant esthétiques, et plus facilement authentifiâmes par le grand public Toutefois, ces bandes dans les réalisations anteπeures ne pouvaient pas être aisément associées a des propπetes magnétiques pour les rasons suivantes Tout d'abord, les hologrammes ou bandes de secuπte holograplυques sont, eux-mêmes, constitues de complexes multicouches, a savoirThe security documents, in particular the security papers or the security bands included in said documents, comprising a hologram, are sought because they are difficult to counterfeit, while being aesthetic, and more easily authenticated by the general public However, these bands in the previous embodiments could not be easily associated with magnetic properties for the following razors First of all, the holograms or holograplastic secuπte bands are, themselves, made up of multilayer complexes, namely
1) pour les hologrammes couche adhesive, laque d'embossage, aluminium et vernis de protection ,1) for holograms, adhesive layer, embossing lacquer, aluminum and protective varnish,
2) pour les bandes holographiques les mêmes couches que pour les hologrammes mais appliquées sur au moins un film de polyester, ladite bande étant revêtue sur ses faces externes de vernis thermoscellant Ensuite, pour avoir des propπetes magnétiques, il fallait appliquer une couche magnétique dans ces complexes par une opération supplémentaire, la couche étant de surcroît sombre et épaisse En outre, les hologrammes de secuπte sont parfois des hologrammes transparents, c'est a dire non métallisés ou des hologrammes partiellement démétallisés. Or, la présence d'une couche magnétique sombre est d'une part incompatible avec les propriétés de transparence de l'hologramme et d'autre part, résiste au traitement de démétallisation partielle de l'hologramme, rendant impossible la réalisation d'une inscription avec des évidements de type dit « Cleartext » La présente invention permet d'associer des particules magnétiques à des hologrammes de façon avantageuse. Il suffit, pour ce faire, de mélanger les particules magnétiques aux couches composant l'hologramme, telles que la couche adhésive, la laque d'embossage, le vernis de protection ou dans le « primer » d'adhérence de l'hologramme On entend ici par « primer » une couche qui permet de préparer la surface du support sur lequel l'hologramme est appliqué en améliorant la planéité du support2) for holographic bands the same layers as for holograms but applied to at least one polyester film, said band being coated on its outer faces with heat-sealing varnish Then, to have magnetic properties, it was necessary to apply a magnetic layer in these complex by an additional operation, the layer being additionally dark and thick In addition, the security holograms are sometimes transparent holograms, that is to say no metallized or partially demetallized holograms. However, the presence of a dark magnetic layer is incompatible with the share of the hologram transparency properties and also resists the treatment of partial hologram demetallization, making it impossible to achieve registration with recesses of the so-called “Cleartext” type The present invention makes it possible to associate magnetic particles with holograms in an advantageous manner. To do this, it suffices to mix the magnetic particles with the layers making up the hologram, such as the adhesive layer, the embossing lacquer, the protective varnish or in the adhesion primer of the hologram. here by “primer” a layer which makes it possible to prepare the surface of the support on which the hologram is applied by improving the flatness of the support
Lorsque l'hologramme constitue une bande de sécurité, on peut aussi incorporer lesdites particules magnétiques dans la masse d'un substrat polyester de ladite bande ou dans le vernis thermoscellant, permettant l'adhésion de ladite bande dans la masse du papier La présente invention fournit en particulier des hologrammes transparents ou partiellement démetallisés, comprenant des particules magnétiquesWhen the hologram constitutes a security strip, it is also possible to incorporate said magnetic particles into the mass of a polyester substrate of said strip or into the heat-sealing varnish, allowing the adhesion of said strip to the mass of paper. The present invention provides in particular transparent or partially demetallized holograms, comprising magnetic particles
Un avantage supplémentaire des b.andes holograpl iques est d'obtenir un hologramme à propriété magnétique sans affecter les procédés de fabrication traditionnels et sans augmenter son épaisseur de façon excessiveAn additional advantage of holograplic bands is to obtain a hologram with magnetic property without affecting traditional manufacturing processes and without excessively increasing its thickness.
La présente invention fournit des bandes de sécurité, comportant des particules magnétiques et des inscriptions en positif ou en négatif sous forme d'évidements. Ces types de fils sont appelés usuellement « Cleartext Magnétique » Dans la technique antérieure, on distingue principalement trois modes de réalisations Dans un premier mode de réalisation, on réalise avec une encre magnétique, les inscriptions en négatif La quantité de pigments magnétiques et donc la densité du flux magnétique rémanent est variable selon la forme des inscriptions En outre, dans certains cas, les zones avec les particules magnétiques sont très petites, alors la densité du flux magnétique est insuffisante pour être détectée, détruisant ainsi une partie du message codé Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation, on combine une piste magnétique appliquée de façon adjacente et parallèle à une zone portant des inscriptions en négatif Ceci impose que les inscriptions soient de très petites tailles, alors que l'on recherche des bandes de sécurité portant des inscriptions les plus larges possibles pouvant être facilement vérifiées visueUement En particulier pour un fil de 3 mm de largeur, il est difficile de créer des inscriptions avec des signes de plus de 1 mm de hauteur dans une telle bande Dans un troisième mode de réalisation, on alterne les inscriptions en négatif et les zones magnétiques, ce qui oblige à avoir des inscriptions sur une courte longueur ou de petrte taille en largeur. Selon la présente invention, la dispersion des particules magnétiques réalisée avant incorporation dans la masse de la bande ou a une couche transparente de faible épaisseur, permet de les repartir de façon uniforme sur toute la surface de la bande de secuπte D'autre part, les partrcules magnétiques peuvent être en superposition par rapport aux dites inscπptions en négatif, ce qui permet de surmonter les inconvénients précitésThe present invention provides security tapes, comprising magnetic particles and positive or negative inscriptions in the form of recesses. These types of threads are usually called “Magnetic Cleartext”. In the prior art, there are mainly three embodiments. In a first embodiment, the inscriptions are made in magnetic ink in negative. The quantity of magnetic pigments and therefore the density of the remanent magnetic flux is variable according to the form of the inscriptions In addition, in certain cases, the zones with the magnetic particles are very small, then the density of the magnetic flux is insufficient to be detected, thus destroying part of the coded message In a second embodiment, a magnetic strip is applied adjacent and parallel to an area bearing negative inscriptions This requires that the inscriptions be very small, while looking for security strips bearing the widest inscriptions possible that can be easily checked visually E n in particular for a wire 3 mm wide, it is difficult to create inscriptions with signs of more than 1 mm in height in such a strip. In a third embodiment, the inscriptions in negative are alternated with the magnetic zones, which requires having inscriptions on a short length or small size in width. According to the present invention, the dispersion of the magnetic particles carried out before incorporation into the mass of the strip or in a transparent layer of thin thickness, makes it possible to distribute them uniformly over the entire surface of the safety strip. magnetic particles can be superimposed on said negative inscπptions, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks
Selon la présente invention, pour une bande de 3 mm de largeur, il est possible de créer des signes de 2 7 mm de hauteur, ce qui d'une part, accroît la visibilité des inscπptions d'un facteur 3 a 4 et de surcroît, simplifie le procède de réalisation des inscπptions en négatif et en réduit le coûtAccording to the present invention, for a strip of 3 mm in width, it is possible to create signs of 27 mm in height, which on the one hand, increases the visibility of the inspections by a factor of 3 to 4 and in addition , simplifies the process of making negative entries and reduces the cost
Dans une vaπante de réalisation de l'invention, les particules magnétiques sont inclues dans un film Cette vaπante permet de réaliser des bandes de secuπte en plastique avec des particules dans la masse, lesdites bandes étant découpées a partir dudit film plastique incorporant lesdites particulesIn a variant of the invention, the magnetic particles are included in a film. This variant makes it possible to produce plastic safety strips with particles in the mass, said strips being cut from said plastic film incorporating said particles.
Cette vaπante est également particulièrement adaptée pour réaliser des passeports ou cartes d'identité ou autres documents qui sont recouverts d'un film de protection des mentions vaπables portées sur le document En gênerai le film de protection est un complexe d'un film plastique transparent, d'encres de secuπte (fluorescente, îπdescente, ete ) et d'un adhésif Les encres de secuπte peuvent être des encres transférables ou non transférables donnant eu respectivement a des motifs transférables et des motifs non transférables pour renforcer la résistance a la falsification par enlèvement du film En effet lors de la tentative d'enlèvement du film, les motifs transférables restent sur le document alors que les motifs non transférables sont enlevés avec le filmThis vaπante is also particularly suitable for producing passports or identity cards or other documents which are covered with a protective film. security inks (fluorescent, low, summer) and an adhesive Security inks can be transferable or non-transferable inks giving respectively to transferable patterns and non-transferable patterns to enhance the resistance to forgery by removal of the film Indeed, when attempting to remove the film, the transferable patterns remain on the document while the non-transferable patterns are removed with the film
B est connu de numeπser des infoimations correspondant a une photographie d identité ou des mentions vaπables et de les enregistrer magnétiquement ou sous forme d'impression de code barres sur une feuille de papier Les inconvénients majeurs de ces enregistrements sous forme de code barres résident en ce qu'ils sont visibles, faciles a copier et nécessitent une place importante disponible sur le document Si on souhaite masquer les informations enregistrées magnétiquement, par exemple sous la photo de manière a ne pas interférer avec les mises en page normalisées, alors la place disponible pour enregistrer et stocker magnétiquement toutes les informations désirées est très réduiteB is known to digitize information corresponding to an identity photograph or valid mentions and to record them magnetically or in the form of barcode printing on a sheet of paper The major drawbacks of these recordings in the form of barcode lie in that that they are visible, easy to copy and require a significant space available on the document If one wishes to hide the information recorded magnetically, for example under the photo so as not to interfere with the standardized layouts, then the space available for magnetically record and store all the desired information is very reduced
Selon la présente invention, on peut enregistrer et stocker magnétiquement des infoimations, en particulier des informations numeπsees, correspondant a une photographe d'identité et/ou aux mentions vaπables du passeport ou de la carte d'identité dans la masse même du film de protection sans que ces informations ne soient visibles ou ne perturbent une mise en page normalisée Les avantages de cette solution sont au moins double il n'y a plus de problème de limitation de place, puisque la page entière peut servir de support pour enregistrer les informations normalisées, et le lieu où l'information est enregistrée n'est pas visible.According to the present invention, one can record and magnetically store information, in particular digitized information, corresponding to an identity photographer and / or to the valid mentions of the passport or the identity card in the same mass of the protective film. without this information being visible or disrupting a standardized layout The advantages of this solution are at least double there is no longer a problem of space limitation, since the entire page can be used as a medium to save the information standardized, and the location where the information is recorded is not visible.
Selon une autre variante de réalisation de la présente invention, les particules magnétiques sont comprises dans l'adhésif du film de protection. Les avantages de cette variante, en plus de ceux cités précédemment pour le film plastique transparent, sont que l'adhésif constitue un support d'enregistrement malléable et ductile à chaud relativement plus fragile qu'un film. Ainsi si l'adhésif est constitué par l'adhésif du film de protection du passeport, toute tentative de soulèvement du film altère l'adhésif et détruit l'information magnétique enregistrée, ce qui constitue une sécurité supplémentaire.According to another alternative embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic particles are included in the adhesive of the protective film. The advantages of this variant, in addition to those mentioned above for the transparent plastic film, are that the adhesive constitutes a malleable and hot ductile recording medium relatively more fragile than a film. Thus if the adhesive consists of the adhesive of the passport protective film, any attempt to lift the film alters the adhesive and destroys the magnetic information recorded, which constitutes additional security.
Selon une autre variante de réalisation de la présente invention, les particules magnétiques sont comprises dans des encres de sécurité, transférables ou non, du film de protection. Les avantages de cette variante sont les mêmes que pour l'adhésif.According to another alternative embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic particles are included in security inks, transferable or not, of the protective film. The advantages of this variant are the same as for the adhesive.
La présente invention permet donc de réaliser un document de sécurité consistant en un document officiel tel qu'une feuille de passeport, de carte d'identité ou de permis de conduire ou un substrat destiné à la fabrication d'un tel document officiel, dans lequel lesdites particules magnétiques sont appliquées dans la masse dudit substrat ou sur un film en plastique de protection transparent de ladite feuille de passeport, de carte d'identité ou de permis de conduire ou encore dans un adhésif peimettant l'adhésion dudit film sur ladite feuille ou bien encore d.ans des encres de sécurité dudit film de protection.The present invention therefore makes it possible to produce a security document consisting of an official document such as a passport, identity card or driving license sheet or a substrate intended for the manufacture of such an official document, in which said magnetic particles are applied in the mass of said substrate or on a transparent protective plastic film of said passport, identity card or driver's license sheet or in an adhesive peimitant adhesion of said film on said sheet or much more in security inks of said protective film.
La présente invention permet également de réaliser un document de sécurité consistant en une feuille d'emballage ou une feuille de papier destinée à la fabrication d'une feuille d'emballage, lesdites particules magnétiques étant incorporées dans la masse du substrat constituant ladite feuille ou dans un revêtement appliqué à la surface dudit substrat.The present invention also makes it possible to produce a security document consisting of a packaging sheet or a sheet of paper intended for the manufacture of a packaging sheet, said magnetic particles being incorporated in the mass of the substrate constituting said sheet or in a coating applied to the surface of said substrate.
La présente invention permet également de réaliser des étiquettes de sécurité en papier particulièrement avantageuses. Les particules magnétiques peuvent être incorporées dans la masse du substrat ou dans un revêtement appliqué à la surface du substrat sur le recto de l'étiquette, notamment dans un revêtement de type vernis transparent, ou sur le verso, notamment dans un adhésif appliqué à la surface dudit substrat à son verso. Dans tous les cas, l'information magnétique enregistrée n'est jamais visible et ce même au verso à travers un support transparent sur lequel l'étiquette est appliquée comme une bouteille, en particulier, lorsqu'il s'agit d'une étiquette d'une bouteille de vin ou d'un flacon de parfum.The present invention also makes it possible to produce particularly advantageous paper security labels. The magnetic particles can be incorporated into the mass of the substrate or into a coating applied to the surface of the substrate on the front of the label, in particular in a coating of the transparent varnish type, or on the back, in particular in an adhesive applied to the surface of said substrate on its back. In all cases, the recorded magnetic information is never visible, even on the back through a transparent support on which the label is applied like a bottle, in particular, when it is a label. 'a bottle of wine or a bottle of perfume.
Selon la présente invention, les infoimations magnétiques peuvent se présenter selon divers modes de réalisation. Dans un premier mode de réalisation, le support comprend des zones discontinues avec des particules magnétiques et l'enregistrement de bits magnétiques se fait sous forme de plots notamment par impression de plots avec une encre magnétique sur un support. Dans ce cas, le support comporte une succession de régions recouvertes de l'encre magnétique et de régions non recouvertes d'encre magnétique. Dans ce mode de réalisation, il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser des particules à fortes coercitivités car on ne détecte pas une valeur d'aimantation dans les régions recouvertes mais seulement la présence ou l'absence d'aimantation magnétique. Même si lesdites zones magnétiques (plots) ont été magnétisées puis démagnétisées lors de l'usage du support, il suffit de remagnétiser les zones (plots) en les portant à saturation magnétique avant d'effectuer la détection.According to the present invention, the magnetic information can be presented according to various embodiments. In a first embodiment, the support comprises discontinuous zones with magnetic particles and the recording of magnetic bits is done in the form of pads, in particular by printing pads with a magnetic ink on a support. In in this case, the support comprises a succession of regions covered with magnetic ink and regions not covered with magnetic ink. In this embodiment, it is not necessary to use particles with high coercitivities because a magnetization value is not detected in the covered regions but only the presence or absence of magnetic magnetization. Even if said magnetic zones (pads) have been magnetized and then demagnetized during the use of the support, it suffices to remagnetize the zones (pads) by bringing them to magnetic saturation before carrying out the detection.
Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation, le support comporte des particules magnétiques dans au moins une zone continue et l'enregistrement de bits logiques se fait par aimantation avec des champs dont la direction d'aimantation est inversée dans des régions localisées. Plus précisément, on porte certaines régions du support à saturation dans un sens ou dans un autre, lesdites régions correspondant alors aux bits "0" ou respectivement "1" de l'information codée. On analyse le signal de données à chaque impulsion d'horloge communiquée sur une autre piste.In a second embodiment, the support comprises magnetic particles in at least one continuous zone and the recording of logic bits is done by magnetization with fields whose direction of magnetization is reversed in localized regions. More precisely, certain regions of the medium are saturated in one direction or another, said regions then corresponding to bits "0" or respectively "1" of the coded information. The data signal is analyzed at each clock pulse communicated on another track.
Dans un troisième mode de réalisation, le support comporte des particules magnétiques dans au moins une zone continue et l'enregistrement se fait selon un encodage de type F/2F comme décrit dans les normes ISO 781 1-3 et 7811-6 . Les pistes d'horloge et de bits sont fusionnées. Si le bit est un " 1 " il y a une transition de flux qui a lieu entre deux impulsions d'horloge , si le bit est un "0", il n'y a pas de transitions de flux entre deux impulsions d'horloge. Dans ces deuxième et troisième modes de réalisation, il n'est pas acceptable que les bits puissent être démagnétisés car il n'est plus possible alors de rétablir l'information avant détection et lecture. Il est donc préférable dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, d'utiliser des particules magnétiques de moyenne à forte coercitivité, qui ne risquent pas de se trouver démagnétisées par simple usage. Dans chacun des modes de réalisation, on peut jouer aussi sur la longueur des zones magnétisées de façon à créer un code à barre.In a third embodiment, the support comprises magnetic particles in at least one continuous zone and the recording is done according to an F / 2F type encoding as described in the standards ISO 781 1-3 and 7811-6. Clock and bit tracks are merged. If the bit is a "1" there is a flow transition that takes place between two clock pulses, if the bit is a "0", there are no flow transitions between two clock pulses . In these second and third embodiments, it is not acceptable that the bits can be demagnetized because it is no longer possible to restore the information before detection and reading. It is therefore preferable in this second embodiment, to use magnetic particles of medium to high coercivity, which are not likely to be demagnetized by simple use. In each of the embodiments, one can also play along the length of the magnetized zones so as to create a bar code.
Pour réaliser des documents, notamment des papiers enregistrables magnétiquement, on utilise notamment des particules de coercitivité de 15,5.1C à 800.103 A/m (environ 200 à 10.000 Oe). Les matériaux dits de basse coercitivité ont une coercitivité de 15,5 x 10j à 32 x 10j A/m (environ 200 à 400 Oe) et sont en général des oxydes de fer.To produce documents, in particular magnetically recordable papers, coercivity particles from 15.5.1C to 800.10 3 A / m (approximately 200 to 10,000 Oe) are used in particular. The so-called low coercivity materials have a coercivity of 15.5 x 10 d to 32 x 10 d A / m (about 200 to 400 Oe) and are generally iron oxides.
Les matériaux dits de moyenne coercitivité ont une coercitivité comprise entre 32.10"' et 135 J 0j .A/m ( environ 400 à 1700 Oe ) et sont en général des oxydes de fer dopés au cobalt ou des dioxydes de chrome. Les matériaux dits de haute coercitivité ont une coercitivité de 135J03 à 800.103 A/m (environ 1700 à 10 000 Oe), tels que les ferrites de baryum ou de strontium en particulier respectivement BaFe^ O19 ou SrFeJ2 Oι9 sont couramment utiliséesThe so-called medium coercivity materials have a coercivity between 32.10 " 'and 135 J 0 d . A / m (about 400 to 1700 Oe) and are generally iron oxides doped with cobalt or chromium dioxides. of high coercivity have a coercivity of 135J0 3 to 800.10 3 A / m (about 1700 at 10,000 Oe), such as barium or strontium ferrites, in particular respectively BaFe ^ O 19 or SrFe J2 Oι 9 are commonly used
Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, la présente invention permet d'identifier un produit et mieux encore suivre sa trace dans le circuit industriel et commercial Elle permet de lutter contre la fraude et améliorer le contrôle de la qualité, tout en permettant la gestion depuis la production à la tenue des stocks.In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention makes it possible to identify a product and better still follow its trace in the industrial and commercial circuit. It makes it possible to fight against fraud and improve quality control, while allowing management from the production while keeping stocks.
En effet, par exemple, la question de la traçabilité d'un produit s'est posée avec acuité lors de l'affaire de la vache folle, car il s'est avéré nécessaire de connaître l'origine de la viande et son circuit de distribution Un autre exemple est lié aux actes de contrefaçon réalisés pour l'imitation de produits de grandes marques ou de médicaments ou de produits ayant de graves conséquences pour la sécurité des personnes ou des biens Un autre exemple est lié aux actes de diversion mettant les produits authentiques dans des circuits de distributions parallèles aux reseaux de distributions sélectives ou exclusives De même, lorsque des produits se révèlent défectueux à l'usage, il est impératif de pouvoir les retrouver pour les retirer, les échanger ou les reviserIndeed, for example, the issue of traceability of a product arose with acuity in the case of mad cow because it was necessary to know the origin of the meat and its circuit distribution Another example is linked to acts of counterfeiting carried out for the imitation of products of major brands or drugs or products having serious consequences for the safety of people or property Another example is linked to acts of diversion putting products authentic in distribution circuits parallel to selective or exclusive distribution networks Similarly, when products prove to be defective in use, it is imperative to be able to find them in order to withdraw, exchange or revise them
La traçabilité est une obligation légale dans le cas de certains produits comme pour les automobiles et leurs pièces de rechange, pour les produits soumis à homologation, les médicaments soumis à une autorisation de mise sur le marché ou certains produits alimentairesTraceability is a legal obligation in the case of certain products such as for cars and their spare parts, for products subject to approval, medicines subject to marketing authorization or certain food products
Selon la norme internationale ISO 8402 de juillet 1995 relative au vocabulaire pour le management de la qualité et l'assurance de la qualité, on définit la traçabilité comme « l'aptitude à retrouver l'historique, l'utilisation ou la localisation d'une entité au moyen d'identifications enregistrées »According to the international standard ISO 8402 of July 1995 relating to vocabulary for quality management and quality assurance, traceability is defined as "the ability to find the history, use or location of a entity by means of registered identifications "
La traçabilité s'applique au suivi d'un groupe de mêmes articles, portant le même numéro de lot comme référence, appelée identification statistique, ou à des objets identifiés individuellement, appelée alors immatriculation, ou à une identification séquentielle d' opérations ou opérateurs identifiésTraceability applies to the monitoring of a group of same items, bearing the same batch number as a reference, called statistical identification, or to individually identified objects, then called registration, or to a sequential identification of identified operations or operators.
Divers moyens existent pour identifier un objet ou un lot Le plus courant est d'attribuer un code d'identification, qui associe une chaîne de caractères numériques, alphanumériques ou graphiques, éventuellement normalisés Les infoimations relatives à la traçabilité sont portées sur une étiquette et/ou directement sur l'objet ou son emballageVarious means exist for identifying an object or a batch. The most common is to assign an identification code, which associates a string of numeric, alphanumeric or graphic characters, possibly standardized. The information relating to traceability is carried on a label and / or directly on the object or its packaging
L'un des moyens les plus usuels pour enregister des données sur la traçabilité d'un produit est le code à barres, qui se décline sous différentes formesOne of the most common ways to record data on the traceability of a product is the barcode, which comes in different forms
On connaît les codes à barres linéaires (1D), en particulier le code à barres dit logistique qui traduit le codage standardisé E.AN 128, le plus dense en informations actuellement utilisé pour le suivi logistique d'un produit. Il permet de symboliser à la fois les infoimations concernant l'identifiant principal obligatoire (date de fabrication et/ou numéro de lot) et des informations complémentaires relatives à l'unité logistique (informations concernant la fabrication, au transport et au client), afin d'assurer la traçabilité du produit depuis sa fabrication jusqu'à son point de vente. Un inconvénient de ce type de code à barres est qu'il requiert des tolérances à l'impression directe difficiles à obtenir avec tout support. Par exemple, si le support d'impression est un carton poreux, il absorbera trop l'encre d'impression et ne permettra pas de réaliser des impressions de petites tailles bien définies, sinon le code sera difficile à lire. Un autre inconvénient est que la quantité d'informations qu'il peut contenir est limitée.We know the linear bar codes (1D), in particular the bar code called logistics which translates the standardized coding E.AN 128, the most dense in information currently used for logistical monitoring of a product. It is used to symbolize both the information concerning the compulsory main identifier (date of manufacture and / or batch number) and additional information relating to the logistics unit (information concerning production, transport and the customer), in order to to ensure the traceability of the product from its manufacture to its point of sale. A disadvantage of this type of barcode is that it requires tolerances for direct printing which are difficult to obtain with any medium. For example, if the print medium is a porous cardboard, it will absorb too much of the printing ink and will not allow prints of well defined small sizes to be made, otherwise the code will be difficult to read. Another disadvantage is that the amount of information it can contain is limited.
Pour pallier en partie les inconvénients du code à barres 1D, sont apparus alors les codes à barres bidimensionnels (2D), qui sont formés par un empilement de plusieurs codes à barres linéaires qui apparaît sous la forme d'un damier et, plus récemment, sont apparus les codes matriciels qui ne se présentent plus sous forme de barres, mais de points ou de carrés clairs et sombres. Ils nécessitent un logiciel de décodage spécifique qui ne permet pas un traitement des données très rapide.To partially overcome the drawbacks of the 1D bar code, two-dimensional (2D) bar codes then appeared, which are formed by a stack of several linear bar codes which appears in the form of a checkerboard and, more recently, matrix codes have appeared which are no longer in the form of bars, but of light and dark dots or squares. They require specific decoding software which does not allow very fast data processing.
L'un des inconvénients de ces divers codes à barres est leur visibilité ; ils peuvent être reconnaissables de façon optique et sont donc violables. Un autre inconvénient est d'être un support d'information à mémoire permanente et donc de ne pas être à mémoire évolutive. En effet, une partie des informations peut être fixe comme la date et le lieu de fabrication, les matières premières entrant dans la fabrication, numéro de lot, alors qu'une autre partie peut varier et être individualisée, c'est-à-dire dynamique, au cours du circuit de circulation du produit. Un autre inconvénient est la place importante qu'ils prennent sur l'objet du fait de leur taille ; il est donc difficile de les appliquer sur un objet de petites dimensions. Un autre inconvénient est leur manque d'esthétique, ce qui peut s'avérer particulièrement gênant lorsqu'ils sont portés sur des emballages de luxe ou sur des contenants (flacons, bouteilles...), à formes et/ou motifs recherchés.One of the drawbacks of these various bar codes is their visibility; they can be recognized optically and are therefore violable. Another drawback is that it is an information medium with permanent memory and therefore does not have evolving memory. Indeed, part of the information can be fixed such as the date and place of manufacture, the raw materials used in manufacturing, batch number, while another part can vary and be individualized, that is to say dynamic, during the product circulation circuit. Another disadvantage is the important place they take on the object because of their size; it is therefore difficult to apply them to an object of small dimensions. Another drawback is their lack of aesthetics, which can prove to be particularly annoying when they are worn on luxury packaging or on containers (flasks, bottles, etc.), with desired shapes and / or patterns.
Un autre moyen d'enregistrer la traçabilité d'un produit qui se développe est la puce électronique. Cette puce est incorporée à une étiquette ou directement au produit. Bien qu'elle présente la possibilité de stocker en même temps des informations permanentes et évolutives, elle a l'inconvénient d'être d'une taille trop importante (environ 2 mm2) pour être incorporée discrètement dans une étiquette ou un emballage ou le produit lui-même ; elle est d'autant plus épaisse lorsqu'elle est activée, c'est-à-dire quand elle est mise en œuvre avec un bobinage d'induction qui lui fouπ it l'énergie de fonctionnement et prise dans de la résine. Son manque de souplesse limite son incoφoration dans les supports πgides Par ailleurs, son pπx de revient est eleve La puce peut être localisée facilement, par repérage visuel ou au toucher Elle n'est pas veπtablement mviolable, elle peut être enlevée et substituée par une autreAnother way to record the traceability of a developing product is the microchip. This chip is incorporated into a label or directly into the product. Although it has the possibility of storing permanent and evolving information at the same time, it has the disadvantage of being too large (around 2 mm 2 ) to be discreetly incorporated into a label or packaging or the product itself; it is all the thicker when it is activated, that is to say when it is implemented with an induction coil which provides it with the operating energy and is taken up in resin. Its lack of flexibility limits its incoφoration in πgide supports In addition, its cost price is high The chip can be located easily, by visual identification or by touch It is not easily tampered with, it can be removed and replaced by another
Un document selon la présente invention peut donc fournir un support d'informations magnétiques d'identification et de traçabilité d'un produit et/ou processus invisibles et présentant une mémoire importante et évolutive qui permet d'enregistrer et stocker une grande quantité d'informations, certaines étant permanentes et d'autres évolutivesA document according to the present invention can therefore provide a magnetic information carrier for identification and traceability of a product and / or process invisible and having a large and evolving memory which makes it possible to record and store a large amount of information. , some being permanent and others evolving
Par ailleurs, ce support est compatible avec les systèmes d'antivol comme les dispositifs électromagnétiques, les circuits détectables a distance par radio-frequence ou les dispositifs magnetoacoustiques, c'est-a-dire qu'il ne doit pas perturber la détection, l'activation et la desactivation de ces divers dispositifsFurthermore, this support is compatible with anti-theft systems such as electromagnetic devices, circuits detectable remotely by radio frequency or magnetoacoustic devices, that is to say that it must not disturb detection, l activation and deactivation of these various devices
Enfin, en complément de la traçabilité, un document selon l'invention permet de mettre en évidence une tentative d'altération d'un produit , par exemple, lors du remplacement d'un produit donne par un autre dans un flacon, une bouteille ou une boite La présente invention a également pour objet un procède de fabπcation d'un document de secuπte selon l'invention, caracteπse en ce que l'on incoφore lesdites particules magnétiques dans la masse du substrat ou dudit élément de secuπte ou dans un dit revêtement a la surface dudit substrat ou dudit élément de secuπte dans ladite zoneFinally, in addition to traceability, a document according to the invention makes it possible to highlight an attempt to alter a product, for example, when replacing a given product with another in a bottle, a bottle or a box The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a security document according to the invention, characterized in that said magnetic particles are incorporated into the mass of the substrate or of said security element or into a said coating on the surface of said substrate or said safety element in said zone
Lesdites particules présentent une dimension et une concentration telles qu'elles n'affectent pas les caracteπstiques d'aspect de ladite zone et permettent une répartition uniforme des particules dans ladite zone comme mentionne précédemmentSaid particles have a size and a concentration such that they do not affect the appearance characteristics of said zone and allow a uniform distribution of the particles in said zone as mentioned above.
Plus particulièrement, on mélange une dispersion de particules magnétiques avec le mateπau de base du substrat ou d'un revêtement applique a la surface du substrat Différents types de revêtement pouvant être appliques a la surface du substrat ont ete decπts ci-dessus Dans un mode de réalisation, on mélange une dispersion aqueuse de particules magnétiques selon l'invention avec la pâte a papier devant servir a la fabπcatron dudit substrat consistant en une feuille de papier ou de cartonMore particularly, a dispersion of magnetic particles is mixed with the base material of the substrate or of a coating applied to the surface of the substrate. Various types of coating which can be applied to the surface of the substrate have been described above. embodiment, an aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles according to the invention is mixed with the paper pulp to be used for the manufacture of said substrate consisting of a sheet of paper or of cardboard
Dans une autre mode de réalisation, on incoφore lesdites particules dans la masse d'un élément de secuπte ou dans un revêtement applique en surface de l'élément de secuπte, et on incoφore ledit élément de secuπte dans la masse dudit substrat ou on applique ledit élément de secuπte en surface dudit substrat Différents types de revêtement pouvant être appliques a la surface dudit élément de secuπte ont ete decπts ci-dessusIn another embodiment, said particles are incoφored in the mass of a security element or in a coating applied to the surface of the security element, and said security element is inco laored in the mass of said substrate or one applies said security element on the surface of said substrate Different types of coating that can be applied to the surface of said security element have been described above
Comme mentionne ci-dessus, on utilise avantageusement pour préparer un document selon la présente invention, une dispersion de particules magnétiques dans laquelle les particules sont bien loAs mentioned above, advantageously used for preparing a document according to the present invention, a dispersion of magnetic particles in which the particles are well lo
individualisées de façon a prévenir une reagglomerationindividualized to prevent re-agglomeration
Cette dispersion est ensuite mcoφoree dans la masse du substrat, y compπs le cas échéant dans la masse dudit élément de secuπte, ou dans un dit revêtement a la surface du substrat du dudit élément de secuπte selon une répartition homogène dans ladite zone en réalisant le mélange de la dispersion de particules magnétiques avec le milieu de fabπcation dudit substrat ou dudit élément de secuπte ou dudit revêtement, ladite dispersion étant éventuellement préalablement diluée dans un milieu compatible avec ledit milieu de fabπcation, de façon a obtenir un taux de particules désireThis dispersion is then mcoφoree in the mass of the substrate, including, where appropriate, in the mass of said security element, or in a said coating on the surface of the substrate of said security element according to a homogeneous distribution in said zone by mixing. of the dispersion of magnetic particles with the manufacturing medium of said substrate or of said safety element or of said coating, said dispersion being optionally previously diluted in a medium compatible with said manufacturing medium, so as to obtain a desired level of particles
Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, une dispersion stabilisée de particules magnétiques est obtenue en effectuant les étapes suivantesIn an advantageous embodiment, a stabilized dispersion of magnetic particles is obtained by performing the following steps
1) On mélange les particules magnétiques a une solution d'un agent tensioactrf a la fois mouillant et dispersant et éventuellement d'une résine de broyage dans un milieu compatible avec le milieu de fabπcation avec lequel la dispersion sera mélangée ulteπeurement, de façon a obtenir une pâte de broyage a haute teneur en particules magnétiques,1) The magnetic particles are mixed with a solution of a surfactant both wetting and dispersing and optionally a grinding resin in a medium compatible with the manufacturing medium with which the dispersion will be mixed later, so as to obtain a grinding paste with a high content of magnetic particles,
2) On broie ladite pâte de broyage obtenue a l'étape 1) notamment de façon a obtenir des particules individualisées de taille infeπeure a 2 μ, de préférence infeπeure a 1 μ,2) Said grinding paste obtained in step 1) is ground, in particular so as to obtain individualized particles of size less than 2 μ, preferably less than 1 μ,
3) On dilue la pâte broyée de l'étape 2) dans une solution de façon a obtenir une dispersion dont la teneur en particules magnétiques est appropπee en fonction du milieu de fabπcation avec lequel elle sera mélangée Dans un mode de réalisation, la teneur en particules dans ladite drspersron est de 1 a 40 % en particules, particulièrement de 5 a 15 % de particules magnétiques, en poids sec Eventuellement ladite solution contient un agent modificateur de rhéologie de manière a empêcher la sédimentation des particules au stockage3) The ground pulp from step 2) is diluted in a solution so as to obtain a dispersion the content of magnetic particles of which is appropriate as a function of the manufacturing medium with which it will be mixed. In one embodiment, the content of particles in said drspersron is from 1 to 40% in particles, particularly from 5 to 15% of magnetic particles, by dry weight Optionally said solution contains a rheology-modifying agent so as to prevent sedimentation of the particles during storage
D'autres buts, caracteπstiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront a la lumière des exemples de réalisation qui vont suivre en référence aux figures 1 a 6 qui représentent les signaux obtenus avec les papiers des exemples 1 a 6 pour encodage de type 2F et a la figure 7 qui représente le signal obtenu avec le papier de l'exemple 5 pour un encodage de type F/2FOther aims, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the light of the exemplary embodiments which will follow with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 which represent the signals obtained with the papers of Examples 1 to 6 for encoding of type 2F and a FIG. 7 which represents the signal obtained with the paper of example 5 for an F / 2F type encoding
EXEMPLE 1 comparatif et exemples 2 à 7 selon l'invention :Comparative Example 1 and Examples 2 to 7 according to the invention:
Sur une machine a papier pilote, on réalise un papier magnétique de la façon suivanteOn a pilot paper machine, magnetic paper is produced as follows
Dans 300 litres d'eau, on met en suspension 2 kg de fibres de cellulose comprenant 60%> de fibres longues et 40%> de fibres courtes On raffine cette suspension a environ 40 degrés Schoepper-Riegler Puis on ajoute une dispersion aqueuse de particules magnétiques au cuvier de mélange, a différents taux comme indiques dans le Tableau 1 l'exemple 1 comparatif ne comportant pas de particules magnétiques On ajoute un agent de collage neutre ( 0,4% en poids sec d' un dimere d'allcylcetene) et un agent de rétention cationique [0,6% en poids sec d'une poly(ethylene-ιmιne)], les pourcentages étant exprimes par rapport aux fibres de cellulose On redilue en caisse de tête de la machine , le taux de dilution du mélange est de 3,6g/l d ou, par exemple pour 0,06 % de particules introduites en poids sec, le taux de dilution des particules magnétiques est d'environ 2mg/l (donc de l'ordre du ppm)In 300 liters of water, 2 kg of cellulose fibers comprising 60%> long fibers and 40%> short fibers are suspended. This suspension is refined to approximately 40 Schoepper-Riegler degrees Then an aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles is added to the mixing vat, at different rates as shown in Table 1 comparative example 1 not containing magnetic particles A neutral bonding agent is added (0.4% by dry weight of an allcyl ketene dimer) and a cationic retention agent [0.6% by dry weight of a poly (ethylene-emene)], the percentages being expressed relative to the cellulose fibers. machine head, the dilution rate of the mixture is 3.6g / ld or, for example for 0.06% of particles introduced by dry weight, the dilution rate of magnetic particles is around 2mg / l ( therefore of the order of ppm)
Les particules magnétiques sont des particules d'oxyde de fer (Fe2O^) et ont une coercitivité de 23,87 x 10J A m (300 Oe) , la plus grande dimension des particules est infeπeure a environ 1 μmMagnetic particles are iron oxide particles (Fe 2 O ^ ) and have a coercivity of 23.87 x 10 J A m (300 Oe), the largest particle size is less than about 1 μm
Lne dispersion aqueuse de particules magnétiques a ete obtenue de la façon qui suit Une poudre d'oxyde de fer grossière est ajoutée sous agitation a une solution aqueuse d'un agent tensio-acti a la fois mouillant et dispersant, tel qu'un sel d ammonium de poly(acιde acrylique) et éventuellement une résine de broyage telle que du PVA qui a une bonne compatibilité avec le milieu auquel elle sera incoφoree ulteπeurement, a savoir la suspension fibreuse Une pâte a haute teneur en particules est obtenue, appelée pâte de broyage, qui est ensuite broyée dans un moulin a billes de type horizontal pour détruire les agglomérats et individualiser les particules de manière a obtenir des particules de taille infeπeure a 1 μ Le concentre de particules magnétisables mdividualisees est ensuite redilue et stabilise contre la sédimentation par ajout d'un agent modificateur de rhéologie, comme par exemple un gel aqueux de bentomtes ou de silices pyrogenees La dispersion obtenue contient 10 % de particules magnétiques en poids secAn aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles was obtained in the following manner. A coarse iron oxide powder is added with stirring to an aqueous solution of both a wetting and dispersing surfactant, such as a salt. ammonium poly (acrylic acid) and possibly a grinding resin such as PVA which has good compatibility with the medium to which it will be incorporated later, namely the fibrous suspension A paste with a high particle content is obtained, called grinding paste , which is then ground in a horizontal ball mill to destroy the agglomerates and individualize the particles so as to obtain particles of size less than 1 μ The concentrate of mdividualized magnetizable particles is then rediluted and stabilized against sedimentation by adding d a rheology-modifying agent, for example an aqueous gel of bentomtes or pyrogenic silicas The dispersion obtained contains ient 10% of magnetic particles by dry weight
Les feuilles de papier obtenues ont un grammage moyen de 93 g/m2 The sheets of paper obtained have an average grammage of 93 g / m 2
On traite, comme usuellement, la surface du papier obtenu en presse encolleuse par une solution d'amidon et d'un insolubilisant de l'amidon, une résine melamine-formaldehyde, dans le but d'améliorer leur împπmabiliteAs usual, the surface of the paper obtained in a size press is treated with a solution of starch and a starch insolubilizer, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, in order to improve their impermeability.
Les échantillons finis ont un grammage de 95 g/m2 et une épaisseur moyenne de 122 μm Les quantités respectives des composes introduits dans les échantillons sont données dans le Tableau 1, ainsi que les résultats coloπmetπques et l'amplitude moyenne d un signal encode de type 2F seulementThe finished samples have a grammage of 95 g / m 2 and an average thickness of 122 μm The respective quantities of the compounds introduced into the samples are given in Table 1, as well as the coloπmetπques results and the average amplitude of an encoded signal of type 2F only
Ces exemples ont ete réalises dans des conditions les plus défavorables pour la couleur du papier car aucunes charges minérales ou autres additifs apportant de la blancheur n'ont ete incorpores et par ailleurs les échantillons de papier n'ont pas ete soumis a un calandrage qui aurait ete favorable a un meilleur enregistrement par une tête inductive et par conséquent a la lecture de l'enregistrement, en diminuant la rugosité de surfaceThese examples were carried out under the most unfavorable conditions for the color of the paper because no mineral fillers or other additives providing whiteness have been incorporated and moreover the paper samples were not subjected to a calendering which would have been favorable to a better recording by an inductive head and consequently to the reading of the recording, by reducing the surface roughness
On considère que les papiers magnétiques ayant un Delta E* en écart de couleur strictement mfeπeur a 10 convrennent En effet les papiers correspondant a 0J0 % en poids de particules magnétiques introduites dans la pâte a papier qui ont un Delta E* de 9,8 conviennent , ce taux correspond a environ 0,076 %> en poids sec de particules d'oxyde ferπque retenues dans la masse du papier selon un calcul base sur la détermination du taux de fer On obtient un bon enregistrement et une bonne lecture des données magnétiques par une tête magnetoresistive sur tous les échantillons correspondant a au moins 0,04% de particules magnétiques introduites lors de leur fabrication (0,02 % calcule) Ceci confirme une bonne rétention des particules et leur répartition homogène et sans reagglomeration dans le substrat On entend ici part bonne lecture une différence d'amplrtude du srgnal suffisamment grande par rapport au bruit de fond et une bonne reproductibilite du signal enregistreIt is considered that magnetic papers having a Delta E * in color deviation strictly less than 10 agree Indeed papers corresponding to 0J0% by weight of magnetic particles introduced into the paper pulp which have a Delta E * of 9.8 are suitable , this rate corresponds to approximately 0.076%> by dry weight of ferπque oxide particles retained in the mass of the paper according to a calculation based on the determination of the iron level. A good recording and good reading of the magnetic data by a head are obtained. magnetoresistive on all samples corresponding to at least 0.04% of magnetic particles introduced during their manufacture (0.02% calculates) This confirms good retention of the particles and their homogeneous distribution and without reagglomeration in the substrate We mean here good share reads a sufficiently large difference in signal amplitude compared to the background noise and good reproducibility of the signal recorded
Les figures 1 a 6 représentent les signaux obtenus par un encodage de type 2F avec les papiers des exemples 1 a 6 respectivementFIGS. 1 to 6 represent the signals obtained by a 2F type encoding with the papers of Examples 1 to 6 respectively
La figure 7 représente le signal obtenu pour un encodage de type F/2F avec le papier de l'exemple 5FIG. 7 represents the signal obtained for an F / 2F type encoding with the paper of example 5
A titre comparatif, on donne dans le Tableau 2, les coordonnées coloπmetπques d'un papier noir, gris souris, d'une piste magnétique selon l'art antérieur "appliquée sur un billet d'avion et de la partie du papier blanc adjacente a la piste On constate que le Delta E* entre une piste magnétique d'un billet d'avion et la zone sans piste est extrêmement eleve (67,3) et la luminosité sur la piste très faible (28,6) alors que la présente invention permet d'obtenir des valeurs de Delta E* inférieures a 10 et une luminosité L* pour les papiers blancs supeπeure a 80By way of comparison, in Table 2, the coloπmetπques coordinates of a black, mouse gray paper, of a magnetic strip according to the prior art "given on an airplane ticket and of the part of the white paper adjacent to the runway We see that the Delta E * between a magnetic strip of an airplane ticket and the area without a runway is extremely high (67.3) and the brightness on the runway is very low (28.6) while the present invention makes it possible to obtain Delta E * values less than 10 and a luminosity L * for white papers greater than 80
EXEMPLE 8 : Sur une machine a papier pilote, on réalise un papier magnétique pouvant convenir comme papier pour fabriquer un billet de banque de la façon suivanteEXAMPLE 8 On a pilot paper machine, magnetic paper is produced which may be suitable as paper for making a banknote in the following manner
A une suspension de 2 kg de fibres de coton dispersées dans 300 litres d'eau, on ajoute la dispersion aqueuse de particules magnétiques utilisée aux exemples précédents, a un taux de 0,05 %> en poids sec et on ajoute aussi 6%, en poids sec, de pigments de dioxyde de titane comme charges minérales apportant de la blancheur et de l'opacité On raffine Puis on ajoute un agent de résistance humide ( 3 % en poids sec, d'une résine melamine-formaldehyde) et un agent de rétention canonique [0,5 % en poids sec d'un polyacrylamide], les pourcentages sont exprimes en poids sec par rapport aux fibres de coton On redilue en caisse de tête de la machine Le taux de dilution des particules magnétiques est de l'ordre du ppmTo a suspension of 2 kg of cotton fibers dispersed in 300 liters of water, the aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles used in the preceding examples is added, at a rate of 0.05%> by dry weight and also 6% is added, by dry weight, of titanium dioxide pigments as mineral fillers providing whiteness and opacity. It is refined. Then a wet resistance agent (3% by dry weight, of a melamine-formaldehyde resin) and a canonical retention agent [0.5% by weight are added. dryness of a polyacrylamide], the percentages are expressed in dry weight compared to cotton fibers We dilute in the machine headbox The dilution rate of the magnetic particles is around ppm
On forme la feuille On presse la feuilleWe form the sheet We press the sheet
On imprègne le papier par une solution d'alcool polyvinylique et éventuellement d'un antibacteπcide pour améliorer l'imprimabilite du papier et apporter la résistance nécessaire a la circulation du billetThe paper is impregnated with a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and possibly an antibacteπcide to improve the printability of the paper and provide the necessary resistance to the circulation of the banknote.
Les échantillons finis ont un grammage de 87 g/m2 et une épaisseur moyenne de 120 μmThe finished samples have a grammage of 87 g / m 2 and an average thickness of 120 μm
On imprime les échantillons en taille-douce afin de voir l'influence du relief de l'impression sur la lecture du signal encodeIntaglio samples are printed in order to see the influence of the relief of the printing on the reading of the encoded signal
On réalise également sur les échantillons imprimes en taille douce, des tests de résistance a la circulation requis habituellement pour les billets de banque Ces tests sont des tests de résistance au froissage en milieu humide, a sec et de résistance au lavage avec une lessive La luminosité L* est de 90,9, a* est de 4,61 et b* est de 9,53Circulation resistance tests usually required for banknotes are also performed on the intaglio samples. These tests are tests for resistance to creasing in a wet, dry environment and resistance to washing with a detergent. L * is 90.9, a * is 4.61 and b * is 9.53
Les résultats d'enregistrement et de lecture faits sur les échantillons avant l'impression en taille-douce et après cette impression puis soumis aux tests sont donnes dans le Tableau 3 On obtient un bon enregistrement et une bonne lecture des données magnétiques sur l'échantillon comportant des particules magnétiques Ceci confirme une bonne rétention des particules et leur répartition homogène et sans reagglomeration dans le substrat L'encodage et la lecture ne sont que très peu affectes par les finissages et le lavage a la lessiveThe recording and reading results made on the samples before intaglio printing and after this printing and then subjected to the tests are given in Table 3. A good recording and a good reading of the magnetic data on the sample are obtained. containing magnetic particles This confirms a good retention of the particles and their homogeneous distribution and without reagglomeration in the substrate Encoding and reading are only very little affected by finishing and washing with detergent
EXEMPLE 9 :EXAMPLE 9:
Sur une machine a papier industrielle a forme ronde, on réalise un papier magnétique pouvant convenir comme papier pour fabπquer un billet de banque de la façon suivante A une suspension de fibres de coton dispersées dans de l'eau, on ajoute la dispersion aqueuse de partrcules magnetrques décote ci-dessous, a un taux de 0,05 % en poids sec et on ajoute aussi 6%, en poids sec, de pigments de dioxyde de titane comme charges minérales apportant de la blancheur et de l'opacité On raffine cette suspension Puis on ajoute un agent de résistance humide ( 3 % en poids sec, d'une résine melamine-formaldehyde) et un agent de rétention canonique [0,5 % en poids sec d'un polyacrylamide], les pourcentages étant expπmes par rapport aux fibres de coton On redilue en caisse de tête de la machine Le taux de dilution des particules magnétiques est de l'ordre du pp On forme la feuille On presse la feuilleOn an industrial paper machine with a round shape, a magnetic paper is produced which may be suitable as paper for making a banknote in the following manner. To a suspension of cotton fibers dispersed in water, the aqueous dispersion of particles is added. magnetrques haircut below, at a rate of 0.05% by dry weight and 6%, by dry weight, of titanium dioxide pigments are also added as mineral fillers providing whiteness and opacity This suspension is refined Then a wet strength agent (3% by dry weight, of a melamine-formaldehyde resin) and a canonical retention agent [0.5% by dry weight of a polyacrylamide] are added, the percentages being express compared to cotton fibers We dilute in the machine headbox The dilution rate of magnetic particles is around pp We form the sheet We press the sheet
En presse encolleuse, on imprègne le papier par une solution d'alcool polyviny que, et éventuellement d'un antibacteπcide, pour améliorer l'impπmabi te du papier et apporter la résistance nécessaire a la circulation du billet On calandre la feuille On sèche la feuille vers 100 °C Les échantillons finis ont un grammage de 90 g/m2 et une épaisseur moyenne de 120 μmIn a size press, the paper is impregnated with a solution of polyvinyl alcohol, and optionally with an antibacterial agent, to improve the impermeability of the paper and provide the resistance necessary for the circulation of the note. Calender the sheet. Dry the sheet. around 100 ° C The finished samples have a grammage of 90 g / m 2 and an average thickness of 120 μm
Les particules magnétiques sont des ferrites de baπum et ont une coercitivité de 218,84 x 10J A/m ( 2750 Oe) , la plus grande dimension des particules est inférieure a environ 1 μmThe magnetic particles are baπum ferrites and have a coercivity of 218.84 x 10 J A / m (2750 Oe), the largest particle size is less than about 1 μm
La dispersion aqueuse de particules magnétiques a ete obtenue de la façon qui suit Une poudre de feintes de baπum est ajoutée sous agitation a une solution aqueuse d'un agent tensio-actif, a la fois mouillant et dispersant tel qu'un sel d'ammonium de poly(acιde acrylique) et eventueUement une résine de broyage telle que le PVA qui a une bonne compatibilité avec la suspension fibreuse a laquelle elle sera incoφoree ulteπeurement La pâte obtenue, appelée pâte de broyage, est ensuite broyée dans un moulin a billes de type horizontal pour détruire les agglomérats et individualiser les particules de manière a obtenir des particules de taille infeπeure a 1 μ Le concentre de particules magnétiques individualisées est ensuite redilue et stabilise contre la sédimentation des particules par ajout d'un agent modificateur de rhéologie, comme par exemple un gel aqueux de bentonites ou de silices pyrogenees La dispersion comporte, en poids sec, 10 pour cent de particules magnétiquesThe aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles was obtained in the following manner. A powder of baπum feints is added with stirring to an aqueous solution of a surfactant, both wetting and dispersing such as an ammonium salt. poly (acrylic acid) and possibly a grinding resin such as PVA which has good compatibility with the fibrous suspension to which it will be incoφore ulteπeurement The paste obtained, called grinding paste, is then ground in a ball mill type horizontal to destroy the agglomerates and individualize the particles so as to obtain particles of size less than 1 μ The concentrate of individualized magnetic particles is then rediluted and stabilized against the sedimentation of the particles by adding a rheology-modifying agent, such as for example an aqueous gel of bentonites or pyrogenic silicas The dispersion comprises, by dry weight, 10 percent of magnesized particles ticks
La luminosité L* est de 89J2, a* de 1J et b* de 4,5 Un témoin sans particules magnétiques a ete réalise qui avait L* de 94,0, a* de - 0,9 et b* de 4,6 L'écart de couleur delta E* est de 5,33The luminosity L * is 89J2, a * of 1J and b * of 4.5 A witness without magnetic particles was realized which had L * of 94.0, a * of - 0.9 and b * of 4.6 The color difference delta E * is 5.33
On encode le billet en F/2F et on relit sans difficulté l'enregistrement des données magnétiques sur l'échantillon comportant des particules magnétiques Ceci confirme une bonne rétention des particules et leur répartition homogène et sans reagglomeration dans le substrat La luminosité L* est supérieure a 80 et les résultats d'enregistrement et de lecture sont satisfaisantsWe encode the ticket in F / 2F and we re-read without difficulty the recording of magnetic data on the sample containing magnetic particles This confirms good retention of the particles and their homogeneous distribution and without reagglomeration in the substrate The luminosity L * is higher a 80 and the recording and playback results are satisfactory
EXEMPLE 10 :EXAMPLE 10:
On réalise un fil de sécurité de la façon suivante Sur un film de polyester transparent d'environ 19 μm d'épaisseur, on réalise une impression de façon à ce que les caractères significatifs soient constitués par des évidements transparents entourés entièrement d'une zone opaque, ces caractères ont une hauteur de 2,7 mm.We make a safety thread as follows On a transparent polyester film of approximately 19 μm thickness, an impression is made so that the significant characters are constituted by transparent recesses entirely surrounded by an opaque zone, these characters have a height of 2.7 mm.
Sur cette impression, on dépose une couche de particules magnétiques en mélange dans un vernis thermoscellable à base de polyester en milieu solvant organique. Les particules magnétiques ont été utilisées sous forme d'une pâte de broyage à 10 % en poids de particules réalisée comme à l'exemple 9 mais en utilisant une résine de broyage consistant en une résine polyester dans le même solvant organique (méthyle, éthyle, cétone) que le vernis thermoscellable. La couche magnétique est déposée par couchage héliogravure à raison de 3 g/m2 et contientOn this print, a layer of magnetic particles is deposited as a mixture in a heat-sealable varnish based on polyester in an organic solvent medium. The magnetic particles were used in the form of a grinding paste at 10% by weight of particles produced as in Example 9 but using a grinding resin consisting of a polyester resin in the same organic solvent (methyl, ethyl, ketone) than heat sealable varnish. The magnetic layer is deposited by gravure printing at a rate of 3 g / m 2 and contains
0,5 part de particules magnétiques en poids sec pour 100 parts en poids sec du vernis sans les particules ; elle fait 3 μm d'épaisseur. Il y a donc environ 15 mg/m2 de particules.0.5 part of magnetic particles by dry weight per 100 parts by dry weight of the varnish without the particles; it is 3 μm thick. There are therefore approximately 15 mg / m 2 of particles.
Le vernis thermoscellable seul est déposé sur l'autre face du fil afin de bien faire tenir le fil dans la feuille de papier. L'épaisseur totale du film est de 30 μm.The heat-sealable varnish alone is deposited on the other side of the wire in order to hold the wire securely in the sheet of paper. The total thickness of the film is 30 μm.
On obtient un film qui a conservé sa transparence et on observe bien les caractères significatifs.We obtain a film which has kept its transparency and we observe the significant characters.
On découpe le film en fils (bandelettes) de 3 mm de largeur.The film is cut into wires (strips) 3 mm wide.
On introduit le fil dans un papier pour billet de banque de façon à faire apparaître le fil dans des fenêtres selon le procédé décrit dans le brevet européen EP 59056. On enregistre des données magnétiques et les lit selon les conditions décrites ci-dessous.The wire is introduced into a banknote paper so as to make the wire appear in windows according to the method described in European patent EP 59056. Magnetic data are recorded and read according to the conditions described below.
Un avantage de ce fil est qu'il est détectable magnétiquement et que l'on observe bien les caractères significatifs sur le fil ; il permet une écriture des données magnétiques et/ou des caractères significatifs visibles sur toute la largeur du fil (la couche magnétique étant transparente).An advantage of this wire is that it is magnetically detectable and that significant characters are observed on the wire; it allows writing of magnetic data and / or significant characters visible over the entire width of the wire (the magnetic layer being transparent).
Par rapport à l'art antérieur il ne nécessite pas de couche de masquage des zones magnétiques pour les rendre invisibles et non photocopiables et diminue les surépaisseurs liées à son introduction dans une feuille de papier (car il fait environ 5 μm d'épaisseur en moins par rapport à un fil de l'art antérieur ayant les mêmes données d'informations).Compared to the prior art, it does not require a layer for masking the magnetic areas to make them invisible and non-photocopiable and reduces the excess thicknesses linked to its introduction into a sheet of paper (because it is approximately 5 μm thick in thickness). compared to a thread of the prior art having the same information data).
EXEMPLE 11 :EXAMPLE 11:
On réalise un papier avec une bande holographique transparente de la façon suivante : on réalise un papier de type billet de banque, comme à l'exemple 8 mais sans particules magnétiques, on applique sur le papier, suivant une bande le long du papier, par couchage seπgraphique, un pπmer d'adhérence qui contient les particules magnétiques Ce primer est a base d'un polymère styrene-acrylique en milieu aqueux On a introduit 0J5 part de partrcules magnétiques sous forme de la dispersion aqueuse pigmentaire de l'exemple 9 pour 100 parts du primer en poids sec On dépose 10 g/m2 en sec du pπmer contenant les particules, ce qui correspond a environ 15 mg/m2 A paper is produced with a transparent holographic strip as follows: a paper of the banknote type is produced, as in Example 8 but without magnetic particles, is applied to the paper, along a strip along the paper, by serigraphic coating, a pπmer of adhesion which contains the magnetic particles This primer is based on a styrene-acrylic polymer in an aqueous medium We have introduced 0J5 part of partrcules magnetic in the form of the aqueous pigmentary dispersion of Example 9 per 100 parts of the primer by dry weight 10 g / m 2 are deposited dry of the pπmer containing the particles, which corresponds to approximately 15 mg / m 2
On applique une bande holographique transparente d'une épaisseur de 6 μm et qui comporte un adhésif thermoscellable, par la méthode connue du transfert a chaud et sous pression, sur le primer magnétique du papierApply a transparent holographic strip with a thickness of 6 μm and which comprises a heat-sealable adhesive, by the known method of hot transfer and under pressure, on the magnetic primer of the paper.
L'observation de rhologramme n'est pas affectée par la présence de la couche magnétique On réalise un enregistrement par un encodage du type F/2F du document obtenu au niveau de l'hologramme On relit l'enregistrement sans être gêne par la présence de la bande holographiqueThe observation of the rhologram is not affected by the presence of the magnetic layer. A recording is made by an F / 2F type encoding of the document obtained at the hologram level. The recording is read again without being disturbed by the presence of the holographic tape
EXEMPLE 12 :EXAMPLE 12:
On réalise un papier avec une couche îπdescente magnetrque de la façon suivante on réalise un papier de type billet de banque comme a l'exemple 8 mais sans particules magnétiques, - on applique sur le papier par couchage héliogravure, une composition comprenant 100 parts en poids sec de pigments îπdescents (IRIODINE 237 de Merck), 100 parts en poids sec d'un liant polyurethane introduit sous forme d'une dispersion aqueuse stabilisée (latex),A paper is produced with a magnetic πdescent layer in the following manner a banknote type paper is produced as in Example 8 but without magnetic particles, - a composition comprising 100 parts by weight is applied to the paper by gravure printing. dry pigment πdescent (IRIODINE 237 from Merck), 100 parts by dry weight of a polyurethane binder introduced in the form of a stabilized aqueous dispersion (latex),
0,35 part en poids sec de particules magnétiques introduites sous forme de la dispersion aqueuse de l'exemple 90.35 part by dry weight of magnetic particles introduced in the form of the aqueous dispersion of Example 9
La quantité déposée est de 10 g/m2 en poids sec, ce qui correspond a environ 17,5 mg/m2 de particules magnétiquesThe quantity deposited is 10 g / m 2 by dry weight, which corresponds to approximately 17.5 mg / m 2 of magnetic particles
On réalise un enregistrement par un encodage du type F/2F du document On relit l'enregistrement de façon satisfaisante et de plus le phénomène d'iπdescence n'est pas affecteA recording is made by an F / 2F type encoding of the document. The recording is reread satisfactorily and, moreover, the phenomenon of iπdescence is not affected.
EXEMPLE 13 :EXAMPLE 13:
On réalise une étiquette magnétique de la façon suivante On applique sur un substrat de feuille de papier blanc, pour étiquette, par couchage a racle, un adhésif acrylique en milieu solvant (mélange d'acétate d'ethyle et d'heptane) qui contient les particules magnétiques On a introduit 0, 1 parts des particules magnétiques sous forme de la dispersion magnétique de l'exemple 9 sans résine de broyage et en milieu solvant d'acétate d'ethyle comme celui de l'adhésif acrylique pour 100 parts de l'adhesrf en poids sec La quantité d' adhésif magnétique déposée est de 25 g/m2 en sec, ce qui correspond a environ 25 mg/m2 de particules magnétiques Le film support a une épaisseur de 23 μm avant de déposer F adhésifWe make a magnetic label as follows Is applied to a substrate of white sheet of paper, for label, by doctor blade coating, an acrylic adhesive in a solvent medium (mixture of ethyl acetate and heptane) which contains the magnetic particles. 0.1 parts have been introduced. magnetic particles in the form of the magnetic dispersion of Example 9 without grinding resin and in a solvent medium of ethyl acetate such as that of the acrylic adhesive per 100 parts of the adhesive by dry weight The quantity of adhesive magnetic deposited is 25 g / m 2 in dry, which corresponds to approximately 25 mg / m 2 of magnetic particles The support film has a thickness of 23 μm before depositing adhesive F
On obtient une étiquette adhesive et magnétique On applique cette étiquette sur un flacon en plastique ou verre transparentWe obtain an adhesive and magnetic label We apply this label on a plastic bottle or transparent glass
On réalise un enregistrement par un encodage du type F/2F On lit l'enregistrement sans difficulté a travers le papierWe record using F / 2F encoding We read the recording without difficulty through the paper
Grâce a un système d'enregistrement de type crayon, avec une tête inductive, par un encodage du type F/2F, on enregistre des données d'identification permanentes correspondant au produit a identifier sur une zone 1 selon une piste fictive située par exemple en haut de l'étiquette On peut ensuite enregistrer de nouvelles infoimations lors de la circulation du produit dans une autre zone 2 située a un endroit autre de l'étiquette et ainsi de suite en fonction de la vie du produit La lecture des données magnétiques se fait sur un lecteur de type crayon équipe d'une tête magnetoresistive On peut ainsi aisément enregister les infoimations peimettant la traçabilité du produitThanks to a pencil-type recording system, with an inductive head, by an F / 2F type encoding, permanent identification data corresponding to the product to be identified are recorded on a zone 1 according to a fictitious track located for example in top of the label We can then record new information when the product is circulated in another zone 2 located at a different place from the label and so on depending on the life of the product The magnetic data is read on a pencil-type reader fitted with a magnetoresistive head It is therefore easy to record information, including product traceability
Selon une autre variante, on peut aussi enregistrer des informations d'identification permanentes correspondant au produit a emballer et de nouvelles informations lors de la circulation du produit (informations dynamiques) relatives a la traçabilité du produit par exemple en réalisant l'encodage tel que chaque série d'mfoimations soit séparée par une longue série de bits "0"According to another variant, it is also possible to record permanent identification information corresponding to the product to be packaged and new information during the circulation of the product (dynamic information) relating to the traceability of the product for example by carrying out the encoding such that each series of infoimations is separated by a long series of bits "0"
La lecture des données magnétiques se fait sur un lecteur de type crayon équipe d'une tête magnetoresistive La bonne lecture des informations confirme la répartition homogène des particules magnétiques et sans reagglomerationThe magnetic data is read on a pencil-type reader fitted with a magnetoresistive head. The correct reading of the information confirms the homogeneous distribution of the magnetic particles and without reagglomeration.
EXEMPLE 14 :EXAMPLE 14:
On réalise une carte a jouer magnétique de la façon suivante Sur une machine à papier à table plate, on realise un jet de papier couché de la façon suivanteWe make a magnetic playing card as follows On a flat table paper machine, a coated paper throw is made as follows
Dans de l'eau, on met en suspension des fibres de cellulose, des charges minérales blanches, un liant et éventuellement d'autres additifs usuels en papeterie notamment pour fabriquer un papier pour cartes a jouer On sèche la feuille Sur une face de ce jet de papier, on dépose 15 g/m2, par couchage à lame traînante, d'une couche pigmentée d'impression-écriture comportant les particules magnétiques Cette couche est réalisée en dispersant dans de l'eau 100 parts de charges minérales blanches (75 parts de carbonate de calcium et 25 parts de kaolin), 0J5 part de particules magnétiques de la même dispersion de l'exemple 9 (de coercitivité de 218,84 x 10j A/m ), 10 parts d'un liant polymère styrene-butadiène carboxylé en dispersion aqueuse, 1 part d'un agent régulateur de la viscosité (Carboxyméthylcellulose) , 1 part d'un azurant optique et 0,5 part d'un stéarate de calcium Les parts sont exprimées en poids secIn water, cellulose fibers, white mineral fillers, a binder and possibly other additives customary in stationery, in particular for suspending paper for playing cards, are suspended. The sheet is dried On one side of this jet. of paper, 15 g / m 2 is deposited, by dragging coating, of a pigmented printing-writing layer comprising the magnetic particles This layer is produced by dispersing in water 100 parts of white mineral fillers (75 parts of calcium carbonate and 25 parts of kaolin), 0J5 part of magnetic particles of the same dispersion of Example 9 (with coercivity of 218.84 x 10 d A / m), 10 parts of a styrene polymer binder- butadiene carboxylated in aqueous dispersion, 1 part of a viscosity regulating agent (Carboxymethylcellulose), 1 part of an optical brightener and 0.5 part of a calcium stearate The parts are expressed in dry weight
On sèche le papier couché magnétique obtenu et on le calandre Son grammage est deThe magnetic coated paper obtained is dried and calendered Its grammage is
142,5 g m2 et son épaisseur est d'environ 143 μm Sur une contrecolleuse, on assemble deux jets de papier couche magnétique, face non couchée contre face non couchée avec une colle comportant de l'amidon, du carbonate de calcium et du noir de carbone pour renforcer l'opacité La quantité de colle déposée est de 15 g/m2 142.5 gm 2 and its thickness is approximately 143 μm On a laminator, two paper jets of magnetic layer are assembled, uncoated face against uncoated face with an adhesive comprising starch, calcium carbonate and black of carbon to reinforce the opacity The quantity of glue deposited is 15 g / m 2
Les échantillons finis ont un grammage de 300 g m2 et une épaisseur moyenne de 300 μm L'aspect visuel de la couche impression-écriture n'est pas sensiblement altéré par rapport à celui d'une couche sans particule magnétiqueThe finished samples have a grammage of 300 gm 2 and an average thickness of 300 μm The visual aspect of the print-write layer is not significantly altered compared to that of a layer without magnetic particles
On détecte la présence magnétique des données avec un lecteur a tête magnetoresistive après avoir réalisé l'aimantation des échantillons par tête inductive On peut donc détecter une fausse carte par absence de magnétisme Grâce à l'invention, on peut donc réaliser des cartes à jouer authentifiâmes et/ou comportant des informations enregistrées par magnétisme sans altérer leur aspect esthétiqueThe magnetic presence of the data is detected with a reader with a magnetoresistive head after having carried out the magnetization of the samples by inductive head. It is therefore possible to detect a false card by absence of magnetism. Thanks to the invention, it is therefore possible to produce authentic playing cards. and / or containing information recorded by magnetism without altering their aesthetic appearance
Tous les échantillons ont été testés selon les conditions décrites ci-après CONDITIONS DES M . ESURES ET TESTS - Le grammage est mesuré selon la norme ISO 536 après conditionnement selon la norme ISO 187All samples were tested under the conditions described below CONDITIONS OF M. MEASUREMENTS AND TESTS - The grammage is measured according to ISO 536 after packaging according to ISO 187
- Tests colorimétriques les mesures des caractéristiques colorimétriques et de blancheur pour définir l'aspect du papier ont été réalisées sur un spectrocolorimètre ELREPHO 2000 dans le système CIE sous illuminant D65 (lumière du jour et sans UN) et sous un angle d'obseι*vation de 10 degrés, les feuilles étant superposées en nombre suffisant pour avoir une épaisseur donnant l'opacité requise- colorimetric measurements of color characteristics and whiteness tests to define the look of the paper were performed on an Elrepho 2000 spectrophotometer CIE system under illuminant D65 (daylight and without UN) and at an angle of obseι * vation by 10 degrees, the sheets being superimposed in sufficient number to have a thickness giving the required opacity
Les coordonnées colorimétriques L*, a*, b* dans le système CIELAB ont ete mesurées et a partir de celles-ci on a calcule l'écart de couleur Delta E* entre l'échantillon témoin (sans particules magnétiques) et les échantillons avec particules magnétiques, selon la formule suivanteThe color coordinates L *, a *, b * in the CIELAB system were measured and from these we calculated the Delta E * color difference between the control sample (without magnetic particles) and the samples with magnetic particles, according to the following formula
Delta E* ≈ racine carrée [(L*0 -L*,)2 + (a*0-a*.)2 + (b*o-b*,)2] L*o , a*0 , b*0 étant les coordonees CIEL.AB du temom , L*, , a*, , b*, étant les coordonees CIELAB de l'échantillon î On détermine aussi la blancheur CEE selon la formule CIELABDelta E * ≈ square root [(L * 0 -L *,) 2 + (a * 0 -a *.) 2 + (b * ob *,) 2 ] L * o, a * 0 , b * 0 being the CIEL.AB coordinates of the temom, L *,, a *,, b *, being the CIELAB coordinates of the sample The EEC whiteness is also determined according to the CIELAB formula
On détermine aussi la blancheur ISO selon la norme ISO 2471 (réflectance a 457 nm)The ISO whiteness is also determined according to the ISO 2471 standard (reflectance at 457 nm)
- Tests magnétiques- Magnetic tests
Enregistrement de données magnétiques pour chaque échantillon, on procède dans un premier temps a un encodage d'un signal de type 2F (série de « 1 ») et on mesure l'amplitude moyenne du signal On procède dans un deuxième temps a un encodage avec un signal F/2F de basse densité (10 bits par pouce, soit environ 10 bits pour 2,54 cm) du type « 1-1-0-1-0 » Cet enregistrement est fait a l'aide d'une tête d'enregistrement inductive classique ayant un entrefer d'écriture de 100 μm La largeur d'écriture est de 6,5 mm et la vitesse d'enregistrement est de 200 mm s Le courant d'ecπture a ete sélectionne a 250 mA afin d'obtenir un signal optimumRecording of magnetic data for each sample, we proceed first to an encoding of a 2F type signal (series of "1") and we measure the average amplitude of the signal We then proceed to an encoding with a low density F / 2F signal (10 bits per inch, or approximately 10 bits for 2.54 cm) of the type “1-1-0-1-0” This recording is made using a d head inductive recording with a write gap of 100 μm The writing width is 6.5 mm and the recording speed is 200 mm s The ignition current has been selected at 250 mA in order to obtain an optimum signal
Les forces de pression exercées entre la tête d'enregistrement et les échantillons de papier et la distance tête-echantillon ont ete sélectionnées de façon a avoir le meilleur enregistrement possible et une amplitude maximale du signal lors de la lectureThe pressure forces exerted between the recording head and the paper samples and the head-sample distance were selected so as to have the best possible recording and a maximum amplitude of the signal during reading.
Lecture des données magnétiques la lecture de l'enregistrement magnétique des échantillons est réalisée avec une tête de lecture magnetoresistiveReading of magnetic data the reading of the magnetic recording of the samples is carried out with a magnetoresistive reading head
Cette tête de lecture magnetoresistive a une sensibilité de l'ordre de 10 mV par Gauss et la resolution du capteur est 27μG La largeur de la tête magnetoresistive est de 3 mm La distance tête-echantillon est infeπeure a 200 μm L'intensité du courant dans la magnetoresistance est réglée a 10 mAThis magnetoresistive read head has a sensitivity of about 10 mV per Gauss and the resolution of the sensor is 27 μG The width of the magnetoresistive head is 3 mm The distance between the head and the sample is less than 200 μm The intensity of the current in the magnetoresistance is set to 10 mA
Grâce a une umte d'exploitation, on lit un signal de sortie en millivolts (différence de tension résultant de la vaπation de la resistivite de la tête lors du passage de l'échantillon) qui traduit, en valeur absolue, les transitions de flux magnétique enregistrées - Le dosage du fer total est déterminé selon la norme NF-T-12 025 (équivalente à la norme internationale ISO 779) et est exprimé en pourcentage en poids de l'échantillonThanks to an operating umte, an output signal is read in millivolts (voltage difference resulting from the variation of the resistivity of the head during the passage of the sample) which translates, in absolute value, the magnetic flux transitions saved - The dosage of total iron is determined according to standard NF-T-12 025 (equivalent to international standard ISO 779) and is expressed as a percentage by weight of the sample
Le taux de Fe203 est calculé à partir de ce taux de fer, après déduction du taux de fer du témoinThe level of Fe 2 0 3 is calculated from this iron level, after deduction of the control iron level
- Le test de résistance au froissage à sec est réalisé selon la méthode décrite dans Carson , Frederick T , & Shaw, Merle B , « Wearing Quality of Expérimental Currency-Type Papers », Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, vol 36, mars 1946, pp 249-257 et le test de résistance au froissage en milieu humide est réalisé selon cette méthode, l'échantillon testé étant humidifié entre les froissages- The dry crease resistance test is carried out according to the method described in Carson, Frederick T, & Shaw, Merle B, "Wearing Quality of Experimental Currency-Type Papers", Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, vol 36 , March 1946, pp 249-257 and the wet crease resistance test is carried out according to this method, the test sample being moistened between creases
Le test de résistance au lavage avec une lessive est réalisé comme suit une éprouvette de papier découpée au format 6,7 cm x 6,7cm, est placée dans une pochette de tissu blanc fermée par des agrafes Six pochettes sont placées dans un bocal contenant 750 g d'eau bouillie et 37,5 g de lessive (de la marque ARIEL®) Le bocal est place sur un dispositif d'agitation (appareil TURBULA) à 60 tours/minute et pendant une heure, la température étant de 95°C ± 2 Les papiers sont ensuite sortis des pochettes et rincés à l'eau courant en les frottant légèrement à la main The test of resistance to washing with a detergent is carried out as follows: a test piece of paper cut to the format 6.7 cm x 6.7 cm, is placed in a pocket of white fabric closed by staples Six pockets are placed in a jar containing 750 g of boiled water and 37.5 g of detergent (from the ARIEL® brand) The jar is placed on a stirring device (TURBULA device) at 60 revolutions / minute and for one hour, the temperature being 95 ° C. ± 2 The papers are then taken out of the pockets and rinsed under running water, rubbing them lightly by hand
σ rπ zσ ro σ rπ zσ ro
-a-at
30 m n ro30 m n ro
TABLEAU 1 TABLE 1
TABLEAU 2TABLE 2
TABLEAU 3 TABLE 3

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 Document de secuπte comprenant un substrat consistant en une feuille de papier permettant l'enregistrement et le stockage magnétiques d'informations, et au moins une zone comportant des particules magnétiques caracteπse en ce a) lesdites particules magnétiques sont compπses dans la masse du substrat ou dans un revêtement a la surface du substrat, b) lesdites particules magnétiques n'affectent pas les caracteπstiques d'aspect de ladite zone, c) lesdites particules magnétiques sont reparties de manière uniforme dans ladite zone1 security document comprising a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper allowing magnetic recording and storage of information, and at least one zone comprising magnetic particles characterized in this a) said magnetic particles are compπses in the mass of the substrate or in a coating on the surface of the substrate, b) said magnetic particles do not affect the appearance characteristics of said zone, c) said magnetic particles are distributed uniformly in said zone
2 Document de secuπte selon la revendication 1, caracteπse en ce que lesdites particules magnétiques sont compπses directement dans la masse du substrat ou dans un revêtement a la surface du substrat2 security document according to claim 1, characterized in that said magnetic particles are compπses directly in the mass of the substrate or in a coating on the surface of the substrate
3 Document de secuπte selon la revendication 1, caracteπse en ce que lesdites particules magnétiques sont compπses dans un élément de secuπte ou un revêtement applique en surface d'un élément de secuπte, ledrt élément de secuπte et.ant compπs dans la masse ou applique en surface dudit substrat3 security document according to claim 1, characterized in that said magnetic particles are compπses in a security element or a coating applied on the surface of a security element, ledrt security element and.ant compπs in the mass or applied in the mass surface of said substrate
4 Document de secuπte selon la revendication 3, caracteπse en ce que ledit élément de secuπte est constitue par une bande de secuπte de mateπau plastique compπse en totalité ou en paître dans la masse du substrat4 security document according to claim 3, characterized in that said security element is constituted by a security strip of plastic material completely or grazed in the mass of the substrate
5 Document de secuπte selon l'une des revendications 1 a 4, caracteπse en ce que lesdites particules sont compπses dans un dit revêtement a la surface du substrat, ledit revêtement consistant en une composition de couchage ou d'encollage lorsque le substrat est en papier5 security document according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said particles are compπses in a said coating on the surface of the substrate, said coating consisting of a coating or sizing composition when the substrate is paper
6 Document selon l'une des revendications 1 a 5, caracteπse en ce que lesdites particules sont compπses dans un dit revêtement a la surface dudit substrat ou d'un dit élément de secuπte, ledit revêtement consistant en un vernis ou une encre pouvant être applιque(e) par les techniques d'impression telles que l'héliogravure, l'impression offset ou la seπgraphie6 Document according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said particles are compπses in a said coating on the surface of said substrate or a said security element, said coating consisting of a varnish or an ink that can be applied (e) by printing techniques such as gravure, offset printing or screen printing
7 Document de secuπte selon l'une des revendications 1 a 6, caracteπse en ce que lesdites particules magnétiques sont compπses dans ledit revêtement a la surface du substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité, ledit revêtement consistant en un adhésif.7 security document according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said magnetic particles are compπses in said coating on the surface of the substrate or said security element, said coating consisting of an adhesive.
8. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que lesdites particules magnétiques sont comprises dans ledit revêtement à la surface dudit substrat, ledit revêtement consistant en un film plastique dans la masse duquel lesdites particules sont incoφorées.8. Security document according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said magnetic particles are included in said coating on the surface of said substrate, said coating consisting of a plastic film in the mass of which said particles are incoφorées.
9. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules magnétiques sont comprises dans un revêtement appliqué sur un hologramme ou dans une couche constitutive d'un hologramme.9. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic particles are included in a coating applied to a hologram or in a layer constituting a hologram.
10. Document selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit hologramme est un hologramme transparent ou hologramme partiellement démétallisé.10. Document according to claim 9, characterized in that said hologram is a transparent hologram or partially demetallized hologram.
11. Document de sécurité selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit hologramme est appliqué sur une bande de sécurité comprise en partie dans ledit substrat, ledit hologramme étant visible dans les parties apparaissant en surface du document.11. Security document according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said hologram is applied to a security strip included partly in said substrate, said hologram being visible in the parts appearing on the surface of the document.
12. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les particules magnétiques sont comprises dans un revêtement appliqué sur une zone comportant des inscriptions en positif ou négatif, sur une bande de sécurité comprise, en totalité ou en partie, dans ledit substrat.12. Security document according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the magnetic particles are included in a coating applied to an area comprising inscriptions in positive or negative, on a security strip included, in whole or in part, in said substrate.
13. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 4 à 12, caractérisé en ce que lesdites particules magnétiques sont comprises dans un vernis thermoscellant appliqué à la surface de ladite bande de sécurité ou comprises dans la masse de ladite bande en plastique.13. Security document according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that said magnetic particles are included in a heat-sealing varnish applied to the surface of said security strip or included in the mass of said plastic strip.
14. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit document de sécurité est un billet de banque ou une feuille en papier destinée à l'impression d'un billet de banque.14. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said security document is a banknote or a sheet of paper intended for the printing of a banknote.
15. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que ledit document comprend un substrat consistant en une feuille de papier destinée à la fabrication d'une étiquette et lesdites particules magnétiques sont comprises dans la masse dudit substrat, ou dans un revêtement appliqué à la surface dudit substrat sur son recto, ou dans un adhésif appliqué à la surface dudit substrat à son verso.15. Security document according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said document comprises a substrate consisting of a sheet of paper intended for the manufacture of a label and said magnetic particles are included in the mass of said substrate, or in a coating applied to the surface of said substrate on its front, or in an adhesive applied to the surface of said substrate on its back.
16. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que ledit document est un document officiel comme un passeport, une carte d'identité ou un permis de conduire ou un substrat comprenant une feuille de papier destiné à la fabrication de ce dit document officiel et lesdites particules magnétiques sont appliquées dans la masse dudit substrat, ou sur un film en plastique de protection transparent de ladite feuille de papier, ou encore dans un adhésif permettant l'adhésion dudit film sur ladite feuille de papier, ou encore dans des encres de sécurité transférables et non transférables dudit film.16. Security document according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said document is an official document such as a passport, an identity card or a driving license or a substrate comprising a sheet of paper intended for the manufacture of said official document and said magnetic particles are applied in the mass of said substrate, or on a transparent protective plastic film of said sheet of paper, or in an adhesive allowing said film to adhere to said sheet of paper, or in transferable and non-transferable security inks of said film.
17. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que ledit document est une feuille d'emballage ou une feuille de papier destinée à la fabrication d'une feuille d'emballage.17. Security document according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said document is a packaging sheet or a sheet of paper intended for the manufacture of a packaging sheet.
18. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que ladite zone recouvre la totalité du substrat.18. Security document according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that said zone covers the entire substrate.
19. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une succession de dites zones comportant des particules magnétiques comprises dans un revêtement à la surface dudit substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité, ces dites zones étant séparées par des régions dépourvues de particules magnétiques, cette succession de dites zones constituant un codage magnétique.19. Security document according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that it comprises a succession of said zones comprising magnetic particles included in a coating on the surface of said substrate or of said security element, these said zones being separated by regions devoid of magnetic particles, this succession of said zones constituting a magnetic coding.
20. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisé en ce que ladite zone comprend des particules de coercitivité supérieure à 32 x 103 A/m, de préférence à 135 x20. Security document according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that said zone comprises particles of coercivity greater than 32 x 10 3 A / m, preferably 135 x
ÎO'' a/Vm, ladite zone étant suffisamment étendue pour servir de support à l'enregistrement magnétique d'un code.ÎO ' ' a / Vm, said zone being sufficiently large to serve as a support for the magnetic recording of a code.
21. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdites particules magnétiques sont comprises dans la masse du substrat ou dans un revêtement appliqué en surface du substrat, à une concentration inférieure ou égale à 1 %, de préférence 0, 1 % en poids sec dudit substrat dans ladite zone.21. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said magnetic particles are included in the mass of the substrate or in a coating applied to the surface of the substrate, at a concentration less than or equal to 1%, preferably 0 , 1% by dry weight of said substrate in said zone.
22. Document de sécurité selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que la concentration en particules magnétiques est de 0,001 %> à 0J %>, de préférence 0,02 % à 0,07 %>.22. Security document according to claim 21, characterized in that the magnetic particle concentration is from 0.001%> to 0J%>, preferably 0.02% to 0.07%>.
23. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdites particules sont comprises dans un revêtement appliqué en surface dudit substrat ou d'un dit élément de sécurité et la quantité de particules magnétiques dans ledit revêtement (dans ladite zone) est inférieure ou égale à 250 mg/m2, de préférence de 1 à 100 mg/m2.23. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said particles are included in a coating applied to the surface of said substrate or of a said security element and the quantity of magnetic particles in said coating (in said zone ) is less than or equal to 250 mg / m 2 , preferably from 1 to 100 mg / m 2 .
24. Document de sécurité selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que la quantité en particules magnétiques dans ledit revêtement dans ladite zone est de 5 mg/m2 à 50 mg/m2.24. Security document according to claim 23, characterized in that the quantity of magnetic particles in said coating in said zone is from 5 mg / m 2 to 50 mg / m 2 .
25. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la taille des particules magnétiques est inférieure à 2 μm, de préférence inférieure à 1 μm.25. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size of the magnetic particles is less than 2 μm, preferably less than 1 μm.
26. Document de sécurité selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que la taille des particules magnétiques est de 0J à 1 μm, de préférence 0, 1 à 0,5 μm.26. Security document according to claim 25, characterized in that the size of the magnetic particles is from 0J to 1 μm, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 μm.
27. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le substrat est en papier et a une couleur claire, notamment blanche, crème ou jaune pâle.27. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate is made of paper and has a light color, in particular white, cream or pale yellow.
28. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la zone dudit substrat ou d'un dit revêtement comportant lesdites particules, a une luminosité L* selon le système CIEL.AB supérieure à 70 et de préférence à 80.28. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the area of said substrate or of a said coating comprising said particles, has a brightness L * according to the CIEL.AB system greater than 70 and preferably 80 .
29. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 27 ou 28, caractérisé en ce que la zone dudit substrat ou d'un dit revêtement comportant lesdites particules, a une blancheur ISO selon la norme ISO 2471 supérieure ou égale à 60% sous illuminant D65 sans UV sous un angle d'observation de 10°.29. Security document according to one of claims 27 or 28, characterized in that the area of said substrate or of a said coating comprising said particles has an ISO whiteness according to ISO 2471 standard greater than or equal to 60% under illuminant D65 without UV at an observation angle of 10 °.
30. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 27 à 29 caractérisé en ce que la zone du substrat comportant lesdites particules a une blancheur CIE selon la formule CIEL.AB du substrat supérieure ou égale à 20% sous illuminant D65 sans UV sous un angle d'observation de 10°.30. Security document according to one of claims 27 to 29 characterized in that the area of the substrate comprising said particles has a CIE whiteness according to the formula CIEL.AB of the substrate greater than or equal to 20% under illuminant D65 without UV under a 10 ° viewing angle.
31. Document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit revêtement à la surface du substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité est transparent ou translucide.31. Security document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coating on the surface of the substrate or of said security element is transparent or translucent.
32 Utilisation d'un document selon l'une des revendications 1 à 31 comme support permettant l'enregistrement et le stockage magnétiques d'informations32 Use of a document according to one of claims 1 to 31 as a medium allowing magnetic recording and storage of information
33 Utilisation d'un document selon la revendication 32, caractérisé en ce que les informations magnétiques correspondent à des informations d'identification et de traçabilité33 Use of a document according to claim 32, characterized in that the magnetic information corresponds to identification and traceability information
34 Méthode de lecture des informations enregistrées et stockées dans un document selon l'une des revendications 1 à 31 caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise la lecture à l'aide d'un lecteur doté de capteurs magnétorésistifs.34 Method for reading the information recorded and stored in a document according to one of claims 1 to 31 characterized in that the reading is carried out using a reader equipped with magnetoresistive sensors.
35 Bande de sécurité destinée à être incoφorée dans un document selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend les caractéristiques de la bande de sécurité définies dans les revendications 4, 6, 7, 11 à 14, 19 à 26 et 3135 security strip intended to be incorporated in a document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the characteristics of the security strip defined in claims 4, 6, 7, 11 to 14, 19 to 26 and 31
36 Bande de sécurité selon la revendication 35, caractérisée en ce qu'elle a une épaisseur de préférence de 10 à 30 μm et une largeur de 0,5 mm à 5 cm, de préférence 1 à 5 mm.36 security strip according to claim 35, characterized in that it has a thickness preferably of 10 to 30 microns and a width of 0.5 mm to 5 cm, preferably 1 to 5 mm.
37 Procédé de fabrication d'un document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 31, caractérisé en ce que l'on incoφore lesdites particules magnétiques dans la masse du substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité ou dans un dit revêtement à la surface du substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité, dans ladite zone.37 A method of manufacturing a security document according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that one incoφore said magnetic particles in the mass of the substrate or said security element or in a said coating on the surface of the substrate or said security element, in said zone.
38 Procédé de fabrication d'un document de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 31, caractérisé en ce que l'on mélange une dispersion desdites particules magnétiques avec le milieu de fabrication dudit substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité ou d'un dit revêtement à la surface du substrat ou dudit élément de sécurité38 A method of manufacturing a security document according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that a dispersion of said magnetic particles is mixed with the manufacturing medium of said substrate or said security element or a said coating on the surface of the substrate or of said security element
39 Procédé de fabrication d'un document de sécurité selon la revendication 38, caractérisé en ce que la dispersion de particules magnétiques comporte de 1 à 40 % en poids sec de particules, de préférence de 5 à 15 %>. 3o39 A method of manufacturing a security document according to claim 38, characterized in that the dispersion of magnetic particles comprises from 1 to 40% by dry weight of particles, preferably from 5 to 15%>. 3o
40. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 37 à 39, caractérisé en ce que l'on mélange une dispersion aqueuse de particules magnétiques avec la pâte à papier devant servir à la fabrication du substrat consistant en une feuille de papier ou de carton. 40. Method according to one of claims 37 to 39, characterized in that an aqueous dispersion of magnetic particles is mixed with the paper pulp to be used for the manufacture of the substrate consisting of a sheet of paper or cardboard.
EP98955705A 1997-11-20 1998-11-20 Security document comprising magnetic particles Expired - Lifetime EP1034330B1 (en)

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PCT/FR1998/002482 WO1999027185A1 (en) 1997-11-20 1998-11-20 Security document comprising magnetic particles

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69808331T2 (en) 2003-08-07
FR2771111B1 (en) 1999-12-17
DE69806181D1 (en) 2002-07-25
WO1999027531A1 (en) 1999-06-03
AU1245399A (en) 1999-06-15
ES2178281T3 (en) 2002-12-16
ATE219598T1 (en) 2002-07-15
ES2185229T3 (en) 2003-04-16
FR2771111A1 (en) 1999-05-21
DE69808331D1 (en) 2002-10-31
ATE224978T1 (en) 2002-10-15
DE69806181T2 (en) 2003-02-13
EP1034330B1 (en) 2002-09-25
AR013768A1 (en) 2001-01-10
WO1999027185A1 (en) 1999-06-03
EP1034536A1 (en) 2000-09-13
ZA9810576B (en) 1999-05-20
EP1034536B1 (en) 2002-06-19
AU1245299A (en) 1999-06-15

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