EP1022749B1 - Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Spannungsteiler - Google Patents

Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Spannungsteiler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1022749B1
EP1022749B1 EP20000101081 EP00101081A EP1022749B1 EP 1022749 B1 EP1022749 B1 EP 1022749B1 EP 20000101081 EP20000101081 EP 20000101081 EP 00101081 A EP00101081 A EP 00101081A EP 1022749 B1 EP1022749 B1 EP 1022749B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
conductor
metallic
metallic layer
voltage transformer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20000101081
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1022749A1 (de
Inventor
Toshio c/o Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Sohde
Akira c/o Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Kobayashi
Takashi c/o Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Sakurai
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Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/005—Insulators structurally associated with built-in electrical equipment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer utilizing a power cable or insulating bus bar and applicable to a voltage detector.
  • a voltage transformer includes an inductive VT having a transformer structure and an electrostatic capacitive VT having serially-connected capacitors.
  • a usage division between the inductive VT and the electrostatic capacitive VT will be made generally in the following way according to a line voltage (system voltage).
  • the inductive VT has been used up to the line voltage of 36 kV and the electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage VT has been used for a high voltage application equal to or higher than 72.5 kV.
  • the inductive VT has been used up to 245 kV and the electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage VT has been used for a voltage application higher than 300 kV.
  • a boundary between the usage division between the inductive VT and capacitive VT is not strictly determined but is determined for an economical reason such that which one of the two type transformers is cheaper under the same specification.
  • the electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer is more economically advantageous than the inductive VT.
  • Japanese Patent Application First Publication No. Heisei 8-51719 published on February 20, 1996 (corresponds to a United States Patent No. 5,493,072 issued on February 20, 1996) exemplifies a previously proposed series-connected capacitive graded high-voltage cable terminator and suspension insulator.
  • Japanese Patent Application First Publication No. Heisei 10-79205 published on March 24, 1998 exemplifies a previously proposed power cable.
  • a secondary load of the VT (voltage transformer) is extremely lowered.
  • the VT has a load which conventionally indicates 200 VA but which is recently reduced to 30 VA.
  • the VT equal to or higher than the voltage 72.5 kV has the load which indicates conventionally 500 VA but which recently indicates 50VA. In the future, a reduction rate of the secondary load will be increased.
  • the VT may possibly be the capacitive VT.
  • a limit of manufacturing the capacitive VT can further be expanded.
  • an electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer according to claim 1.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross sectional view of a first preferred embodiment of an electrostatic capacitance voltage division type voltage transformer (also called, an electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer abbreviated as a CVT) utilizing a power cable or in an insulating bus bar.
  • an electrostatic capacitance voltage division type voltage transformer also called, an electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer abbreviated as a CVT
  • the whole CVT denoted by a reference numeral of 1 includes: an inner conductor 2 having a circular shape in cross section; an inner semiconductive layer 3 to make relaxation of electric field and potential around the conductor 2; a main insulative layer 4; and an outer semiconductor layer 5 to make relaxation of electric field and potential.
  • These layers 3, 4, and 5 enclosing the conductor 2 in this order are in the form of either a power cable or an insulating bus bar.
  • the CVT 1 further includes a metallic layer 6 for an electrostatic capacitance voltage division purpose (hereinafter called, a first metallic layer); an auxiliary insulative layer 7; a ground metallic layer 8 (hereinafter also called, a second metallic layer); and a protective layer 9 which serves as an outmost layer of the CVT 1 and which is arranged on the second metallic layer 8 according to its necessity.
  • a voltage division tap T is led by means of an insulated wire 10 from the voltage division metallic layer 6 and a grounded tap E is led from the second metallic layer 8 by means of a conductive wire 11.
  • the protective layer 9 is installed with a mechanical stress elimination, an anti-weather characteristic, and a thermal dissipation taken into consideration.
  • Material and thickness of the auxiliary insulative layer 7 are selected so that a capacitance C 2 across the insulative layer 7 is derived with a ratio thereof to a capacitance C 1 across the main insulative layer 4 taken into consideration.
  • the voltage division tap T is led via the insulated wire 10 to any one of the cable connection points and from the ground (second) metallic layer 8, the conductive wire 11 is used to lead out the ground tap E.
  • the ratio of C 1 /C 2 is constant although each capacitance changes with the length of the power cable or the insulating bus bar. Hence, a minimum required electrostatic capacitance for each voltage is determined. If the cable size is determined, a shortest length of the cable is calculated so that a free application above the length of the cable can be made.
  • Fig. 2 shows an application example of the CVT 1 shown in Fig. 1 to a three-phase CVT.
  • Fig. 2 three of the same CVTs (1 R , 1 Y , 1 B ) as shown in Fig. 1 are star-connected with the grounded tap E as a neutral point.
  • three-phase taps T R , T Y , and T B are led out and are connected to a three-phase low-voltage VT box 22 via corresponding low-voltage insulated cables (or low-voltage shielded wire) 21.
  • Each low-voltage insulating cable 21 is further connected to a corresponding primary winding 26 of a three-phase low-voltage VT 25 using a five-leg iron core 24 via its corresponding choke coil 23.
  • a connection form of each primary winding 26, each secondary winding 27, and each third winding 28 is a star, a star, and an open delta form and star neutral points in the star connection forms are grounded.
  • the low-voltage VT box 22 may be attached onto a position a slightly far away from the CVT 1, for example, a position outside of a tank of GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear). Output ends of each secondary winding 27 and each third winding 28 of the low-voltage VT 25 from a terminal box 29 is supplied to corresponding input ends of a digital meter or a digital relay (not shown).
  • GIS Gas Insulated Switchgear
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of an application of the electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer shown in Fig. 1 to a GIS device.
  • the CVT 1 has one end 2 2 of the conductor 2 sealingly enclosed with each layer member, i.e., the inner semiconductive layer 3, the main insulative layer 4, the outer semiconductive layer 5, the first metallic layer 6, the auxiliary metallic layer 7, and the second grounded metallic layer 8.
  • each layer member i.e., the inner semiconductive layer 3, the main insulative layer 4, the outer semiconductive layer 5, the first metallic layer 6, the auxiliary metallic layer 7, and the second grounded metallic layer 8.
  • the CVT 1 is covered with the protective layer 9 with a conductor 2 2 projected from the other end of the conductor 2.
  • a bushing 32 is provided with a conductor 2 1 used to connect a device vessel 31 such as GIS and a connector 34 is installed to connect the CVT 1 to an inner conductor 33 of the device vessel 31.
  • the bushing conductor 2 1 is connected to the connector 34.
  • a connector 2 3 is installed so as to enable a connection between the bushing-sided conductor 2 1 and the CVT-sided conductor 2 2 .
  • the CVT-sided conductor 2 2 can be connected to the inner conductor 33 of the GIS via the bushing-sided conductor 21.
  • the divided voltage tap T and the grounded tap E are led out from the CVT 1 and projected from the outside of the GIS. It is noted that a hermetic sealing is provided between the bushing 32 and the device vessel 31 and between the bushing 32 and CVT 1 and CVT 1 should tightly be fitted into the bushing 32.
  • Fig. 4 shows another example of the application of the electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer (CVT) shown in Fig. 1.
  • CVT electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer
  • a power cable 1 1 connecting to a device 41 or an insulating bus bar 1 2 connected between the devices 41 and 41 is formed of the CVT in the same manner as shown in Fig. 1.
  • Cable connectors 42 are attached to the corresponding devices 41 and 41.
  • the tap T and the grounded tap E (not shown) are drawn out from one of the connectors 42.
  • the power cable 1 1 functions as both of the cable and the CVT and the insulating bus bar 1 2 functions as the bus bar and the CVT.
  • the tap T and the grounded tap E are always a pair and either of the respective side connectors is drawn out as the tap T and the grounded tap E.
  • each insulative material of the main and auxiliary insulative layers 4 and 7 is made of a thermoplastic material, a flexible CVT as the power cable can be achieved.
  • each insulative material of the main and auxiliary insulative layers 4 and 7 is made of a thermosetting material, the CVT having a high rigidity and a large mechanical strength such as an epoxy molded product can be achieved.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show second and third preferred embodiments of the electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer.
  • the CVT 1 in each of the second and third preferred embodiments of the electrostatic capacitive divided-voltage transformer includes: the substantially cylindrical inner conductor 2 which is a bus bar used to connect the device to GIS and which is capable of carrying the current having the same values as in the case of Fig. 1; the inner semiconductive layer 3; the main insulative layer 4; the outer semiconductive layer 5; the first metallic layer 6; the auxiliary insulative layer 7; and the cylindrically grounded metallic layer 8, sequentially on the inner conductor in the same manner shown in Fig. 1.
  • Another auxiliary insulative layer 61, another first metallic layer 62, another semiconductive layer 63, another outer main insulative layer 64, another semiconductive layer 65, and another outer conductor 66 made of a cylindrical foil are arranged on the second grounded metallic layer in this sequence. Furthermore, another semiconductive layer 67, another outer main insulative layer 68, another semiconductive layer 69, another first metallic layer 70, another auxiliary insulative layer 71, another second grounded metallic layer 72, and another protective layer 73 are arranged in this sequence.
  • the inner conductor 2 is connected with the outer conductor 66 via an insulated wire 74 to make the outer conductor 66 the same potential as the inner conductor.
  • the first metallic layers 6, 62, 70 are connected together via another insulated wire 75 to produce the tap T.
  • the second grounded metallic layers 8 and 72 are connected via the insulated wire 76 to produce a tap E.
  • the electrostatic capacitance between the inner conductor 2 and the first metallic layer 6 is C 1
  • the electrostatic capacitance between the first metallic layer 6 and the second grounded metallic layer 8 is C 2
  • an electrostatic capacitance between the second grounded metallic layer 8 and the other first metallic layer 62 is C 2 '
  • an electrostatic capacitance between the other first metallic layer 62 and the outer conductor 66 is C 1 '
  • an electrostatic capacitance between the outer conductor 66 and the other metallic layer 70 is C 1 "
  • an electrostatic capacitance between the first metallic layer 70 and the other second metallic layer 72 is C 2 ''.
  • An electrostatic capacitance between the tap T and the grounded tap E is C 2 + C 2 ' + C 2 ".
  • a large CVT having a large electrostatic capacitance can be achieved.
  • the bushing 32 shown in Fig. 6 includes the bushing-sided conductor 2 1 in the same manner as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the bushing 32 is attached onto the device vessel 31.
  • a conductor 2 3 is installed on a lower end of the bushing-sided conductor 2 1 .
  • a large current can be supplied to a load through the inner conductor 2 of the CVT 1.
  • the divided voltage can be outputted from the tap T.
  • the CVT having the relatively large electrostatic capacity and having the bus bar used to connect the device to the GIS can be achieved. If a low-voltage penetrating type current transformer or a low-voltage dividing type current transformer is arranged on an outside of this bus bar, the CVT shown in Figs. 5 or 6 serves as a bus bar functioning as a voltage-and-current transformer for an integrated instrument purpose.
  • the CVT 1 in each of the second and third embodiments shown in Figs. 5 or 6 includes the single outer conductor.
  • a plurality of outer conductors may concentrically be installed, the grounded metallic layer may be interposed between the respective outer conductors.
  • the semiconductive layer, the main insulative layer, the semiconductive layer, the first metallic layer, and the auxiliary insulative layer may be installed between the respectively corresponding ones of the outer conductors and of the second grounded metallic layers.
  • the inner conductor and the plurality of outer conductors may be connected via an electric wire 74.
  • the metallic layer and each grounded metallic layer are connected to the electric wires 75 and 76 to achieve the CVT having the further large electrostatic capacity.

Landscapes

  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung, umfassend:
    einen Leiter (2);
    eine innere Halbleiterschicht (3);
    eine Hauptisolierschicht (4); und
    eine äußere Halbleiterschicht (5),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leiter (2) mit der inneren Halbleiterschicht, der Hauptisolierschicht und der äußeren Halbleiterschicht in dieser Reihenfolge umschlossen ist, und dass der elektrostatische kapazitive Transformator mit Spannungsteilung darüber hinaus umfasst: eine erste Metallschicht (6), wobei die erste Metallschicht die äußere Halbleiterschicht umschließt; eine Zusatzisolierschicht (7), die auf der ersten Metallschicht angeordnet ist; eine zweite Metallschicht (8), die auf der Zusatzisolierschicht angeordnet ist, wobei eine Teilspannung von einer Gesamtspannung zwischen dem Leiter und der zweiten Metallschicht zwischen der ersten Metallschicht und der zweiten Metallschicht geleitet werden kann; und einen ersten Abgriff (T), der von der ersten Metallschicht über einen Isolierdraht (10) herausgeleitet ist, und einen zweiten Abgriff (E), der von der zweiten Metallschicht herausgeleitet ist, wobei der zweite Abgriff auf Masse gelegt ist.
  2. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrostatische kapazitive Transformator mit Spannungsteilung darüber hinaus eine Schutzschicht (9) umfasst, die die zweite Metallschicht (8) umschließt.
  3. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leiter (2) umfasst: einen Leiterteil (22), dessen eines Ende mit der inneren Halbleiterschicht (3), der Hauptisolierschicht (4), der äußeren Halbleiterschicht (5), der ersten Metallschicht (6), der Zusatzisolierschicht (7), der zweiten Metallschicht (8) und der Schutzschicht (9) abgedichtet ist, und dessen anderes Ende mit einem Leiter (23) verbunden ist, wobei der Leiter (23) mit einem anderen Leiter (21) verbunden ist, der mit einem Schaltkreisleiter (33) eines gasisolierten Schaltgerätes (31) verbindbar ist.
  4. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrostatische kapazitive Transformator mit Spannungsteilung darüber hinaus eine Buchse (32) umfasst, in der der andere Leiter (21) vorgesehen ist, und der Leiter (23) trennbar zwischen den anderen Leiter (21) und den Leiterteil (22) geschaltet ist.
  5. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leiter (2), die innere Halbleiterschicht (3), die Hauptisolierschicht (4) und die äußere Halbleiterschicht (5) ein Starkstromkabel bilden.
  6. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leiter (2), die innere Halbleiterschicht (3), die Hauptisolierschicht (4) und die äußere Halbleiterschicht (5) eine isolierende Sammelschiene bilden.
  7. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leiter (2) ein zylindrisch geformter innerer Leiter ist, der eine Sammelschiene bildet, ein äußerer Leiter (66), der das gleiche Potential wie der innere Leiter aufweist, konzentrisch auf dem inneren Leiter angeordnet ist, die zweite Metallschicht (8) konzentrisch zwischen dem inneren Leiter und dem äußeren Leiter angeordnet ist, und eine andere zweite metallische Schicht (72) konzentrisch auf dem äußeren Leiter angeordnet ist, und die erste Metallschicht eine Vielzahl von ersten Metallschichten (6, 62, 70) umfasst, wobei jede der ersten Metallschichten konzentrisch zwischen dem inneren Leiter und der zweiten Metallschicht, zwischen der zweiten Metallschicht und dem äußeren Leiter und zwischen dem äußeren Leiter und der weiteren zweiten Metallschicht angeordnet ist, wobei die inneren und äußeren Leiter elektrisch verbunden sind, und wobei die zweite und die weiteren zweiten Metallschichten miteinander verbunden sind.
  8. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leiter (2) ein zylindrisch geformter innerer Leiter ist, der eine Sammelschiene bildet, eine Vielzahl von äußeren Leitern (66), wobei jeder der äußeren Leiter das gleiche Potential wie der innere Leiter aufweist, konzentrisch zwischen dem inneren Leiter und den jeweiligen äußeren Leitern angeordnet ist, und eine andere zweite Metallschicht (72) konzentrisch auf einem äußersten der äußeren Leiter angeordnet ist, und die erste Metallschicht eine Vielzahl von ersten Metallschichten (6, 62, 70) umfasst, wobei jede der ersten Metallschichten konzentrisch zwischen dem inneren Leiter und den jeweiligen zweiten Metallschichten, zwischen den jeweiligen zweiten Metallschichten und den jeweiligen äußeren Leitern und zwischen dem äußersten der äußeren Leiter und der äußersten der zweiten Metallschichten angeordnet ist, wobei die inneren und äußeren Leiter elektrisch verbunden sind, und wobei die zweiten Metallschichten miteinander verbunden sind.
  9. Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Transformator mit Spannungsteilung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der zweiten Metallschichten über einen Masseabgriff (E) auf Masse gelegt ist, und falls eine elektrostatische Kapazität zwischen dem inneren Leiter (2) und der ersten Metallschicht (6) C1 ist, eine elektrostatische Kapazität zwischen der auf Masse gelegten zweiten Metallschicht (8) und der ersten Metallschicht (62) C2' ist, eine elektrostatische Kapazität zwischen der ersten Metallschicht (62) und dem äußeren Leiter (66) C1' ist, eine elektrostatische Kapazität zwischen der ersten Metallschicht (66) und der ersten Metallschicht (70) C1" ist, eine elektrostatische Kapazität zwischen der ersten Metallschicht (70) und der zweiten Metallschicht (72) C2" ist, eine elektrostatische Kapazität zwischen dem inneren Leiter (2) und dem Abgriff (T) ausgedrückt wird als C1+C1'+C1", eine elektrostatische Kapazität zwischen dem Abgriff (T) und dem Masseabgriff (E) ausgedrückt wird als C2+C2'+C2" und C1=C1'=C1" und C2=C2'=C2".
EP20000101081 1999-01-22 2000-01-20 Elektrostatischer kapazitiver Spannungsteiler Expired - Lifetime EP1022749B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1376099 1999-01-22
JP1376099 1999-01-22
JP30211799 1999-10-25
JP11302117A JP2000277363A (ja) 1999-01-22 1999-10-25 静電容量分圧形電圧変成器

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1022749A1 EP1022749A1 (de) 2000-07-26
EP1022749B1 true EP1022749B1 (de) 2006-09-06

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JP (1) JP2000277363A (de)
DE (1) DE60030496T2 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6050309B2 (ja) * 2011-03-25 2016-12-21 イアンディスＥａｎｄｉｓ 高電圧測定システム
CN102928639B (zh) * 2011-08-07 2016-03-02 江苏思源赫兹互感器有限公司 电子式电容分压器
CN102709048B (zh) * 2011-09-09 2013-09-11 上海良治电器技术有限公司 一种用于x光机高压线圈的绕制新工艺
FR3025029B1 (fr) * 2014-08-21 2016-08-05 Nexans Dispositif de mesure sans contact d'une tension electrique dans un cable de reseau electrique moyenne ou haute tension
CN107808711A (zh) * 2017-11-13 2018-03-16 国网湖南省电力有限公司 一种变压器综合试验专用测试电缆

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4466047A (en) * 1981-08-06 1984-08-14 Avocat Jean P Capacitor for medium-range voltage capacitive dividers
DE3917862A1 (de) * 1989-06-01 1990-12-06 Asea Brown Boveri Anordnung zur spannungsversorgung einer anzeigevorrichtung fuer die anzeige einer anliegenden netzspannung bei einer mittelspannungs-schaltanlage

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DE60030496T2 (de) 2007-02-01
JP2000277363A (ja) 2000-10-06
EP1022749A1 (de) 2000-07-26

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