EP1013747A2 - Fabrication d'agglomérats - Google Patents

Fabrication d'agglomérats Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1013747A2
EP1013747A2 EP99309100A EP99309100A EP1013747A2 EP 1013747 A2 EP1013747 A2 EP 1013747A2 EP 99309100 A EP99309100 A EP 99309100A EP 99309100 A EP99309100 A EP 99309100A EP 1013747 A2 EP1013747 A2 EP 1013747A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
agglomerates
montmorillonite
clay
binder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99309100A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1013747A3 (fr
Inventor
Meirion Thomas Evans
Jeffrey David Morgan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COOK, COLIN EDWARD
EVANS, MEIRION THOMAS
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9825064.0A external-priority patent/GB9825064D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1013747A2 publication Critical patent/EP1013747A2/fr
Publication of EP1013747A3 publication Critical patent/EP1013747A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with methods for the production of fuel agglomerates (such as briquettes or pellets) and, in particular, the production of agglomerates in the nature of briquettes or pellets for gasification.
  • fuel agglomerates such as briquettes or pellets
  • Briquettes or pellets are conventionally formed by bonding together particles such as waste materials, using binders such as bitumen or pitch. With such binders, the bonding process is carried out at elevated temperatures, resulting in the emission of substantial quantities of smoke and other polluting by-products from the briquetting or pelletising plant.
  • a method of producing agglomerates comprises blending carbonaceous particles, and optionally organic waste material, with an additive comprising particulate clay, and with a binder comprising polyvinyl acetate, shaping the resulting blend to form agglomerates, and permitting the binder to cure in the agglomerates.
  • the binder is such that it is activated in the presence of moisture (moisture being present because the binder is present as an emulsion) and, when cured, generally renders the agglomerate substantially waterproof or at least water resistant.
  • the binder used in the method according to the present invention is generally readily available and can be adapted to suit the characteristics of many types of carbonaceous particles required to be agglomerated.
  • the polyvinyl acetate is one which mixes readily and is combustible whilst being substantially free of noxious pollutants; it is safe to handle and sets hard when mixed with finely divided particulate materials such as finely divided sludges.
  • the binder used in the method according to the invention namely polyvinyl acetate, has a special affinity for fine particles of coal (which are preferred), as well as other carbonaceous fuels.
  • the binder continues to bind such particles even in the presence of other materials which are organic in nature.
  • the clay is a montmorillonite, such as sodium montmorillonite, or potassium montmorillonite or magnesium montmorillonite.
  • Calcium montmorillonite is the preferred such clay; such a clay may have at least some of the cations replaced by other cations, such as sodium ions.
  • a particularly preferred such clay is sodium exchanged calcium montmorillonite.
  • the clay is present in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the agglomerates. It is preferred that the particulate clay has a particle size of less than 2 ⁇ , further preferably less than 1 ⁇ .
  • the polyvinyl acetate may be derived from a waste material.
  • a suitable waste material for recycling includes base materials used in the manufacture of emulsion paint.
  • recycled material from the manufacture of emulsion paint in the manufacture of agglomerates said agglomerates comprising carbonaceous particles, and additive comprising a clay, and said recycled material as binder therefor.
  • the blend preferably contains substantially equal amounts of carbonaceous particles and organic waste material (typically from 25 to 45% by weight of each), with 0.1 to 5% by weight (such as about 2%) of particulate clay, 0.5 to 8.0% by weight (such as about 2%) of polyvinyl acetate (the latter being measured on a dry solids basis), all in the presence of 2 to 25% (such as about 10 to 12%) by weight moisture.
  • the ingredients when thoroughly mixed into a doughy consistency, are typically extruded or pelletised to form agglomerates of the required shape or size.
  • the agglomerate may be rubbery in nature at this stage but hardens on curing as excess moisture is allowed to evaporate.
  • the speed of this curing process is directly influenced by ambient temperatures. Typically hardening takes place over 24 hours at about 15°C, or over 3 minutes when at the higher temperature of about 100°C. Evaporation of moisture can be accelerated by the use of radio wave frequencies, or the like.
  • the agglomerates When the agglomerates are formed by extrusion, there is generally a temperature increase in the extruder nozzle which assists in the evaporation of moisture.
  • the hardness of the resulting agglomerates progressively increases with time, provided that the ambient temperature is over 0°C.
  • the curing process should ideally take place inside a building in a controlled temperature atmosphere.
  • the agglomerates are preferably allowed to dry and harden and may subsequently be dried by means of gentle heating. When optimum hardness has been achieved, the agglomerate is waterproof, and can be stored outside so as to be exposed to the ambient climatic conditions.
  • the binder may contain one or more further polymer materials, including natural polymers such as dextrin or the like.
  • Suitable additives which enhance thermal shock resistance include calcium carbonate.
  • the carbonaceous particles used in the method according to the invention may be charcoal, coke or one of various grades of coal, of which anthracite is preferred because of its clean combustion characteristics.
  • the carbonaceous particles may be in moist form when mixed with the binder, without deleterious effect on the resulting briquettes. This is advantageous as the use of such moist material avoids the need for previous drying.
  • the ingredients were transported by conveyor 2 to tunnel 3, and thence to a plough type rotary mixer 4 for a period of 2 minutes.
  • the resultant blend was agglomerated to produce briquettes on twin roll press 6.
  • the briquettes were then air-dried at 80°C for 10 minutes in curing unit 7, and then allowed to cool to ambient temperature.
  • the briquettes were then transported on conveyor 8 to store 9.
  • the resultant briquettes have a crushing strength of 63kgf (compared with 32kgf without the presence of clay in the briquette).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
EP99309100A 1998-11-16 1999-11-16 Fabrication d'agglomérats Withdrawn EP1013747A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9825064.0A GB9825064D0 (en) 1998-11-16 1998-11-16 Agglomerate production
GB9825064 1998-11-16
GBGB9922690.4A GB9922690D0 (en) 1998-11-16 1999-09-27 Agglomerate production
GB9922690 1999-09-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1013747A2 true EP1013747A2 (fr) 2000-06-28
EP1013747A3 EP1013747A3 (fr) 2002-06-05

Family

ID=26314679

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99309100A Withdrawn EP1013747A3 (fr) 1998-11-16 1999-11-16 Fabrication d'agglomérats

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1013747A3 (fr)
GB (1) GB2343678B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018033712A1 (fr) * 2016-08-15 2018-02-22 Binding Solutions Limited Briquettes

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100355868C (zh) * 2006-10-11 2007-12-19 北京科兰之星环保科技有限公司 化肥造气的洁净型煤及其制备方法和应用
US11136517B2 (en) * 2017-03-28 2021-10-05 Pelleton Global Renewables Ltd. Method for producing agglomerates from a biomass stream

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1031723A (en) * 1962-04-06 1966-06-02 Yorkshire Dyeware And Chemical Process for the preparation of agglomerates of solid fuel
GB2006179A (en) * 1977-10-17 1979-05-02 Revertex South Africa The treatment of particulate material to form aggregates
WO1987000855A1 (fr) * 1985-08-08 1987-02-12 Alternative Fossil Fuels, Inc. Briquettes de charbon contenant de l'argile inorganique et leur procede de production
US4773919A (en) * 1984-11-15 1988-09-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag Fixed bed gasification process
FR2683544A1 (fr) * 1991-11-08 1993-05-14 Viabilite Ste Ind Materiau combustible divise agglomere par un liant, procede de preparation du materiau.
US5221290A (en) * 1991-02-04 1993-06-22 American Colloid Company Charcoal briquettes bound with an organic binder and a water-swellable clay and method
WO1994017161A1 (fr) * 1993-01-19 1994-08-04 Schulz Helmut W Procede et appareil pour l'elimination de dechets solides

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1031723A (en) * 1962-04-06 1966-06-02 Yorkshire Dyeware And Chemical Process for the preparation of agglomerates of solid fuel
GB2006179A (en) * 1977-10-17 1979-05-02 Revertex South Africa The treatment of particulate material to form aggregates
US4773919A (en) * 1984-11-15 1988-09-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag Fixed bed gasification process
WO1987000855A1 (fr) * 1985-08-08 1987-02-12 Alternative Fossil Fuels, Inc. Briquettes de charbon contenant de l'argile inorganique et leur procede de production
US5221290A (en) * 1991-02-04 1993-06-22 American Colloid Company Charcoal briquettes bound with an organic binder and a water-swellable clay and method
FR2683544A1 (fr) * 1991-11-08 1993-05-14 Viabilite Ste Ind Materiau combustible divise agglomere par un liant, procede de preparation du materiau.
WO1994017161A1 (fr) * 1993-01-19 1994-08-04 Schulz Helmut W Procede et appareil pour l'elimination de dechets solides

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018033712A1 (fr) * 2016-08-15 2018-02-22 Binding Solutions Limited Briquettes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2343678B (en) 2002-12-11
EP1013747A3 (fr) 2002-06-05
GB2343678A (en) 2000-05-17
GB9927016D0 (en) 2000-01-12

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