WO2004106473A1 - Briquette - Google Patents

Briquette Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004106473A1
WO2004106473A1 PCT/GB2004/002326 GB2004002326W WO2004106473A1 WO 2004106473 A1 WO2004106473 A1 WO 2004106473A1 GB 2004002326 W GB2004002326 W GB 2004002326W WO 2004106473 A1 WO2004106473 A1 WO 2004106473A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cellulose material
coal
resin
prior
less
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/002326
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stephen David Bray
Original Assignee
Alchemy Technologies Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alchemy Technologies Limited filed Critical Alchemy Technologies Limited
Publication of WO2004106473A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004106473A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a method of manufacturing a briquette which may be used a as fuel.
  • a briquette which may be used a as fuel.
  • a composite fuel briquette In particular a composite fuel briquette.
  • a fuel briquette which is at least partly manufactured from a renewable biomass.
  • suitable biomass includes sawdust, paper mill waste, sewage sludge, straw or the like. It is important that the biomass is from a renewable source and also that it has a good calorific value when combusted.
  • Cellulose based products such as wood and sawdust are particularly difficult to briquette due to its elasticity and high moisture content as well as its low bulk density. Briquetting saw dust in its raw or untreated form, even as a percentage of a briquette, is almost impossible as the briquette will spring apart as it leaves the roll press. Hydraulic pressing is possible, but very slow and not in a suitable format for most large-scale commercial requirements. A continuous roll press will produce a product which can be used in conventional systems, such as boilers for schools as well as some coal fired power stations. However, the resilience of the cellulose material makes it particularly unsuitable for conventional briquetting.
  • a method of manufacturing a fuel briquette which method includes: a) providing a cellulose material having a moisture content of less than about 18% by weight of the cellulose material; b) extruding the cellulose material through a die plate such that at least a portion of the internal lignin in the cellulose material is forced out of the internal structure of the cellulose material; c) briquetting the mixture formed in c) so as to form a fuel briquette.
  • the extruded material produced in b) is typically mixed with coal or the like prior to briquetting in step c) .
  • the amount of coal added is dependent on the desired fuel product, however, it is envisaged that coal may not be added.
  • the cellulose material is preferably straw, sawdust, wood shavings, refuse derived fibres (RDF) , trimmings from fibre board manufacture (MDF) , paper mulch from sterilized clinical waste, olive cake as a by-product of the oil pressing industry, brewery waste, sewage sludge and the incorporation of waste oils.
  • RDF refuse derived fibres
  • MDF fibre board manufacture
  • the cellulose material has a moisture content of less than 15% by weight of the material, further preferably less than 12% by weight of the material.
  • the moisture content is less than 10% by weight of the cellulose material.
  • the cellulose material may be treated with, for example, heat prior to the step a) such that it has the desired moisture content. It is desirable that the cellulose material has a temperature above ambient when it is extruded in step (b) . Preferably, the cellulose material has a temperature above 50°C, such as above 70°C. However, it is particularly preferred that the cellulose material has a temperature at or above 100°C when extrusion is initiated in step (b) .
  • the cellulose material may be preconditioned prior to step (b) .
  • the preconditioning may be hydraulically pressing the material to form larger briquettes which after a resting period are typically granulated prior to step b) .
  • preconditioning permits use of larger material.
  • the die plate typically includes tapered holes.
  • the tapered holes preferably have a diameter of less than 10 mm
  • the heated cellulose material is extruded through the die plate, thereby forcing a proportion of the internal lignin out from the wood' s structure of the cellulose material to form a self-binding liquid bond.
  • the extruded cellulose material is preferably granulated or in finely divided form prior to mixing with coal or the like.
  • step c) The mixing prior to step c) is typically carried out using a high sheer mixer.
  • the mixing is typically for a dwell time of between 1 and 4 minutes, such as 2 to 3 minutes It is envisaged that further ingredients, such as binders, may be added prior to step c) .
  • Binders may include starch (native or pregelatinised gums such as guar, bentonite, crystalline waxes, cement as powder or slurry, molasses, slaked lime, phosphoric acid, lignosulfonate, sodium silicate or colloidal silica as well as polymers or resin systems.
  • the binder is chosen on a cost and application basis and may be different for domestic or industrial markets.
  • the cellulose material may be present in the resultant briquette in an amount in the range 30% to 80% (such as 35% to 65%) of the total weight.
  • the coal or the like may be present in the resultant briquette in. an amount in the range 30% to 80% (such as 40% to 70%) of the total weight.
  • the extruded cellulose material and the coal or the like are present in substantially equal amounts, typically between 30% to 50% by total weight of the briquette. The remaining amount being a binder and/or a filler material.
  • the binder may include a green strength additive such as organic gum, starch, cement or a chemical component such as calgon. This is advantageous as it provides the rewly agglomerated briquette some initial strength while the resin binder system activates.
  • a resin is added typically after step c) and prior to step d) .
  • the resin is preferably a phenolic resin.
  • resins based on urea, and also some hybrid binder systems may be used whereby a simple molasses and lime or cement binder is used and then supplemental with a small amount
  • the resin is typically added in an amount from about 0.5% to 20% by weight of the mixture, preferably to 15%, further preferably 2% to 8%. It is also envisaged that water is added with the resin. The volume of water added depends upon the temperature, moisture content and also the ambient temperature and humidity. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resin and water are added concurrently.
  • the catalyst or hardener may include mixtures of mono-, di-, and triacetin, mixtures of ethylene glycol monoacetate and ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, alpha-butylene diacetate, propylene carbonate, propiolactone, butynolactone, valerolactone or caprolactone, or blends thereof.
  • the composite fuel briquette of the present invention is particularly desirable as it has a number of commercial advantageous, which includes:
  • the coal is typically in the form of coal fines or duff.
  • the coal is preferably anthracite or Steam coal, however, it is envisaged that the coal may be bituminous coal, brown coal, raw fines, reclaimed spoil heaps and duff from China, Columbia, Australia, South Africa and Russia.
  • the coal preferably has a moisture content of less than 15%, such as less than 10% prior to being mixed in step c) . However, it is particularly preferred that the coal has a moisture content of around 5%.
  • coal fines or duff are provided having a moisture content greater than about 15%, it is preferred that it is dried so as to achieve the desired moisture content.
  • the coal Prior to mixing in step c) the coal typically has a particular size of less than 6 mm in diameter, preferably about 3 mm in diameter.
  • the coal is typically heated prior to being passed to a grinding mill or the like for particle size reduction.
  • the coal is typically heated to a temperature above 50°C, such as around 60°C.
  • a composite fuel briquette which includes a cellulose material which has been extruded and coal or the like
  • the composite fuel briquette is substantially as described hereinbefore with reference to the first aspect of the present intention.
  • the composite fuel briquette is substantially as described hereinbefore with reference to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the process according to the present invention is achieved by preparing the coal and sawdust separately, as follows:
  • wet sawdust (40% moisture) was delivered to a collection hopper.
  • the material was screened to a range of 3mm to dust and then dried down to 15% moisture. This may be preheated with waste heat from the exhaust system of the coal drier.
  • the hot sawdust (normally at about 100 °C) was transferred into a feed hopper where a screw feeder compressed the hot material up against a perforated die plate.
  • the sawdust was then extruded through the die plate where the wood is forced into continuous lengths (like spaghetti) and subsequently falls into a granulated mill.
  • the treated wood now resembles breadcrumbs, has much greater density and has superb agglomeration qualities.
  • the hot extrusion forces lignins from inside the cell structure outwards and this acts as a binder both for the crumb and also later in the briquettes themselves.
  • the hot crumb is now transferred to a holding hopper.
  • Coal and wood crumb (as prepared according to the method given above) is dosed into a continuous high shear paddle mixer.
  • the material is controlled either by a weigh belt feeder or a volumetric discharge device, such as a dosing screw.
  • a green strength addition will be added at approximately 0.5% by total weight to the coal dust prior to the mixer. This green strength addition is added to give the newly manufactured briquette some initial strength while the resin binder system activates (15 minutes at 20°C) .
  • the green strength additive may be an organic gum, starch, cement or chemical component such as Calgon.
  • water and phenolic resin are added; water maybe added at a rate of 1% upto 15% depending upon coal temperature, moisture content and the ambient temperature and humidity.
  • the resin addition is usually in the range of 4-5% by weight of product.
  • the coal wood crumb, GSA, water and resin are mixed with high levels of shear for between 2 and 3 minutes of dwell (continuous system) .
  • the mix is then transferred to a second mixer on top of the briquetting press.
  • a catalyst is added at approximately 0.5% by weight.
  • the catalyst activates the resin and starts the curing process.
  • the activated mixture is fed by gravity through the feed box into the rolls of the press and briquettes are formed.
  • the briquettes are discharged onto a conveyer and then onto a surge or curing belt. This slow moving high volume conveyor allows the briquettes to start hardening for about 15 minutes. At the end of this belt the briquettes pass over a screen where fines a flashings are removed for reintroduction while the briquettes are transferred by conveyor into covered storage bays .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une briquette de combustibles, comprenant : a) produire une matière en cellulose présentant un contenu en vapeur d'eau d'au moins 18 % en poids environ de la matière cellulosique ; b) extruder la matière cellulosique à travers un plateau mobile, de sorte qu'au moins une partie de la lignine comprise à l'intérieur de la matière cellulosique est poussée à l'extérieur de la structure interne de la matière ; c) mettre sous forme de briquettes le mélange formé dans c), de façon à former une briquette de combustible.
PCT/GB2004/002326 2003-06-02 2004-06-02 Briquette WO2004106473A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0312572A GB2402398A (en) 2003-06-02 2003-06-02 Biomass briquette bound with lignin
GB0312572.1 2003-06-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004106473A1 true WO2004106473A1 (fr) 2004-12-09

Family

ID=9959150

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/002326 WO2004106473A1 (fr) 2003-06-02 2004-06-02 Briquette

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2402398A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004106473A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008076457A1 (fr) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Duraflame, Inc. Bûche artificielle utilisant des matériaux retenant les huiles et/ou les graisses
CN101818089A (zh) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-01 武汉胜发机电研究所 用废弃植物杆叶制造颗粒燃料的方法
WO2011020190A1 (fr) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 Biomass Strategies Inc. Procédé et appareil pour fabriquer un produit composite résistant au feu et produit obtenu par ce procédé
CN102000556A (zh) * 2010-11-02 2011-04-06 浙江德纳希环保科技股份有限公司 一种粘结剂及其在去除烟气中氮氧化物的催化剂中的应用
CN103952203A (zh) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-30 界首市立雨能源有限公司 废弃农作物秸秆类资源综合环保制炭工艺
CN105950242A (zh) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-21 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 用于型焦成型的复合粘结剂、型焦及其制备方法
CN108893158A (zh) * 2018-08-15 2018-11-27 河南东贵电子科技有限公司 一种环保再生煤的制造方法
CN109468151A (zh) * 2018-11-07 2019-03-15 江苏长鑫谊和生物质燃料有限公司 一种高热值的生物质颗粒燃料及制备方法
CN110041979A (zh) * 2019-05-23 2019-07-23 河北农乐新能源科技有限公司 一种rdf燃料及其制备工艺
CN111394147A (zh) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-10 西安交通大学 一种改性小麦秸秆-半焦洁净型煤及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO320971B1 (no) 2004-07-08 2006-02-20 Norsk Pellets Vestmarka As Fremgangsmate for fremstilling av brenselspellets
EP1852495A1 (fr) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-07 Prokopos Vasillos Procédé pour la fabrication d'un matériau combustible
ITAP20070004A1 (it) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-03 Franco Caucci Pellets - produzioni agroecologiche energetiche
FR2913025A1 (fr) * 2007-02-22 2008-08-29 Laurent Brion Composition combustible, procede de fabrication, brique combustible obtenue
PT103739B (pt) 2007-05-11 2009-07-07 Univ Tras Os Montes E Alto Dou Processo de produção de biomassa a partir de resíduos e efluentes industriais em particular dos sectores da madeira, cortiça e celulose
WO2009011906A1 (fr) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 E3Bioenergy, Llc Super compactage de biomasse et d'autres matériaux contenant du carbone en combustibles à haute teneur énergétique
US9255235B2 (en) * 2010-01-06 2016-02-09 Mcr Holdings Group, Llc Organic fuel products and fire starters
WO2011099009A2 (fr) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-18 Cohen David Composition et procédé de recyclage de déchets de biomasse
GR1007234B (el) * 2010-04-01 2011-04-07 Ιωαννης Στυλιανου Βουρδουμπας Παραγωγη ενος στερεου καυσιμου βιομαζας, των συσσωματωματων ξυλου σε μορφη πελετς και μπρικετων, με πρωτες υλες ελαιοπυρηνοξυλο, κλαδεματα ελαιοδενδρων και πριονιδι ξυλουργειων
WO2012068640A1 (fr) * 2010-11-25 2012-05-31 Creedmore Pty Ltd Combustible de co-combustion avec du charbon dans une centrale électrique au charbon à faibles émissions de co2
CN102229830A (zh) * 2011-06-09 2011-11-02 罗炽良 一种利用污泥生产节能环保型煤的方法
AU2014100310B4 (en) * 2014-03-05 2014-07-03 Johali Pty Ltd Briquetting process and product
KR102569518B1 (ko) * 2017-03-28 2023-08-22 펠레톤 글로벌 리뉴어블즈 리미티드 바이오매스 스트림으로부터 응집체를 생성하는 방법

Citations (4)

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US3227530A (en) * 1961-10-16 1966-01-04 British Columbia Res Council Process of producing fuel logs
US4314825A (en) * 1980-08-26 1982-02-09 Paquette Gerald J Process of preparing combustible solid fuel
US4613339A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-09-23 Gunnerman Rudolf W Process for preparing and using sweet sorghum in a fuel product
WO1986006091A1 (fr) * 1985-04-18 1986-10-23 Kaloramba Pty. Ltd. Agglomeres combustibles

Family Cites Families (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2307866A1 (fr) * 1975-04-18 1976-11-12 Loas Daniel Procede de fabrication de briquettes combustibles a partir de matieres vegetales
DE3241037A1 (de) * 1982-11-06 1984-05-10 Maschinenfabrik Bermatingen GmbH & Co, 7775 Bermatingen Vorrichtung zur bearbeitung von abfaellen

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227530A (en) * 1961-10-16 1966-01-04 British Columbia Res Council Process of producing fuel logs
US4314825A (en) * 1980-08-26 1982-02-09 Paquette Gerald J Process of preparing combustible solid fuel
US4613339A (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-09-23 Gunnerman Rudolf W Process for preparing and using sweet sorghum in a fuel product
WO1986006091A1 (fr) * 1985-04-18 1986-10-23 Kaloramba Pty. Ltd. Agglomeres combustibles

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008076457A1 (fr) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Duraflame, Inc. Bûche artificielle utilisant des matériaux retenant les huiles et/ou les graisses
US8123824B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2012-02-28 Duraflame, Inc. Artificial firelog using oil and/or fat-retaining materials
CN101818089A (zh) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-01 武汉胜发机电研究所 用废弃植物杆叶制造颗粒燃料的方法
WO2011020190A1 (fr) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 Biomass Strategies Inc. Procédé et appareil pour fabriquer un produit composite résistant au feu et produit obtenu par ce procédé
CN102000556A (zh) * 2010-11-02 2011-04-06 浙江德纳希环保科技股份有限公司 一种粘结剂及其在去除烟气中氮氧化物的催化剂中的应用
CN103952203A (zh) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-30 界首市立雨能源有限公司 废弃农作物秸秆类资源综合环保制炭工艺
CN105950242A (zh) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-21 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 用于型焦成型的复合粘结剂、型焦及其制备方法
CN108893158A (zh) * 2018-08-15 2018-11-27 河南东贵电子科技有限公司 一种环保再生煤的制造方法
CN109468151A (zh) * 2018-11-07 2019-03-15 江苏长鑫谊和生物质燃料有限公司 一种高热值的生物质颗粒燃料及制备方法
CN110041979A (zh) * 2019-05-23 2019-07-23 河北农乐新能源科技有限公司 一种rdf燃料及其制备工艺
CN111394147A (zh) * 2020-03-30 2020-07-10 西安交通大学 一种改性小麦秸秆-半焦洁净型煤及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2402398A (en) 2004-12-08
GB0312572D0 (en) 2003-07-09

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